专题05 定语从句的用法【精讲精练】-2024-2025学年九年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲（人教版）

九年级上期末考点大串讲（人教版） 专题05 定语从句的用法 语法精讲 · 概述： · 定语从句：在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。在句子中的作用相当于形容词，又称为形容词性从句。 e.g. He is the man who lives next door. e.g. The girl who is talking with my mother is my friend. e.g. I like the dress that my mother bought for me. e.g. The bicycle which he wanted was at least 90＄. · 定语从句的结构：先行词 + 关系词 + 从句剩余部分 · 知识点1： 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。（一般出现在定语从句之前） e.g. Do you know the girl who is singing on the stage? (the girl为先行词) e.g. He is the man whose car was stolen last night. (the man为先行词) · 知识点2： 关系词（引导词）：引导定语从句的词。根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词。 (1) 关系代词：在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 关系代词 先行词 成分 who 人 主、宾、表 whom 人 宾 whose 人/物 定 that 人/物 主、宾、表 which 物 主、宾、表 as（高中） 人/物 主、宾、表 e.g. Speaking of the USA, New York is the first thing that comes to mind. (作主语) e.g. Mr. White invited many friends to his party whom/who he respected. (作宾语) e.g. I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards. (作宾语) e.g. You’re the only person whose advice he might listen to. (作定语) e.g. This is the book which you are looking for. (作宾语) e.g. The picture that we are studying was drawn by a fifteen-year-old student. (作宾语) 注意：在定语从句中，关系词取代了先行词，因此在定语从句中不能再重复先行词。 e.g. This is the right book that you are looking for the book. (应去掉the book) e.g. This is the right book that you are looking for it. (应去掉it) (2) 关系副词：在从句中作状语。 总结：when / where / why --- 在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语 = 介词+which · when 时间状语 先行词：day, time, week, year, period, moment, ;occasion (时机) … when = in/on/at/during which e.g. Do you still remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? e.g. April Fool’s Day is the day when people make fun of others. = April Fool’s Day is the day on which people make fun of others. · where 地点状语 先行词：place, house, factory, village … 抽象地点名词：position, stage, situation, case, point, occasion (场合) … where = in/on/at/to which e.g. Finally, we got to a factory where many mobile phones of high quality were produced. e.g. These are the few points where we disagree with each other. = These are the few points at which we disagree with each other. · why 原因状语 先行词：the reason why = for which e.g. I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help. e.g. Is this the reason why she refused our offer? (3) 关系代词 or 关系副词 要点1：看从句谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，用关系代词；不及物动词用关系副词。 e.g. This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. e.g. I will never forget the days when I spent the summer holidays in the countryside. e.g. I’ll never forget the days (which/that) I spent in the countryside. 要点2：看定语从句中缺少什么成分。★★★★★ 缺少主宾表定---关系代词；缺少时间/地点/原因状语---关系副词。 e.g. Beijing is the place where (=in which) I was born. (where在从句中作地点状语) e.g. He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) · 知识点3：特殊情况 1. 只用that不用which：（先行词指物） 不定代词、序数词、最高级、人+物、the only/the very/the last、避免重复 注意： (1) 不定代词：先行词为all, much, everything, anything, nothing, none, something, little, few, any等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时，只能用that。 e.g. Is there anything that you don’t understand? e.g. Tom told his mother all that had happened. (2) 序数词：先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 e.g. The first thing (that) we should do now is to find a local guide. (3) 最高级：先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。 e.g. This is the best book that I have ever read. (4) 人+物：先行词既有人又有物时。 e.g. We often talk about people and things (that) we remember. (5) 先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same等修饰时。 e. g. This is the only book that I can find. (6) 避免重复。 e.g. He built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. (7) 以here, there开头的句子，先行词指物时。 e.g. There is a book on the desk that belongs to Frank. (8) 当主句是以what或which开头的特殊疑问句时。 e.g. Which is the book that belongs to her? 2. 只用which不用that： (1) 介词+which e.g. The house in which Lu Xun used to live is now a museum. (2) 非限制性定义从句用which e.g. Football, which is a very interesting sport, is played in many countries. (3) 先行词为that, those 时 e.g. What’s that which was out in the car? · 定语从句做题小妙招： 方法1：先行词还原法 e.g. The village _______ I visited last year has changed a lot. 先行词为the village，将先行词还原到定语从句中后为 I visited the village last year. 先行词在从句中作宾语。 方法2：四步分析法 一看指人还是物，二看介词在何处，三看句中作何用，四看是否属特殊。 e.g. Do you know the man _______ came here yesterday? 先行词为the man，关系词指人且在从句中作主语，故用who/that。 e.g. He brought me the most interesting book _______ I had wanted to buy. 先行词book被形容词最高级修饰，用that。 · 拓展： 1. 关系代词的省略 (1) 可省略：关系代词在定语从句中作动词的宾语时可省略；关系代词在定语从句中作 表语时可省略；关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词在从句句尾时可省略。 e.g. That’s the girl (whom/who/that) I teach. e.g. The book (that/which) he found on the playground is mine. e.g. John is not the man (that) he was years ago. e.g. This is the pen (that/which) I wrote the letter with. (2) 不可省略：在“介词+关系代词”结构中，不可省略；非限制性定语从句中关系代词 不可省略。 e.g. I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the club. e.g. Who is the boy that is talking with our teacher? 基础训练 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．I’m reading the book ________ Lucy lent me last week. A．what B．who C．when D．that 2．Fiona loves listening to her children singing songs ________ at school. A．are learned B．that learned C．they learned D．that they are learned 3．—What are you looking for? —I’m looking for the book ________ my brother gave me last month. A．that B．what C．who D．whom 4．—What will you do for your mother on Mother’s Day? —The first thing ________ I will do is to make a card for my mum. A．which B．where C．whose D．that 5．The only sport ________ I do in my spare time is playing basketball. A．where B．which C．that D．what 6．—Can I borrow the new CD ________ is lying on the desk, Sarah? —Yes, of course. A．who B．that C．whom D．what 7．Jason really likes the picture ________ he took during the class activity. A．which B．who C．when D．where 8．As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky. A．where B．when C．which D．who 9．—Where does the old man live? —He lives in a house ________ is next to the park. He often goes for a walk there. A．which B．where C．what D．who 10．We’ll buy the cow ________ the farmer raised on his farm. A．who B．what C．which D．when 11．We should look up to the people ________ help make our life better. A．who B．what C．which D．whose 12．A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 13．A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears. A．what B．which C．who D．whom 14．—Do you know the woman ________ wears a blue skirt? —Oh, she’s my aunt. A．which B．who C．what D．/ 15．Parents are the persons ________ we can talk with when we have some difficulties at any time. A．what B．whom C．which D．why 16．I've become good friends with several of the students in my school ________ I met in the English speech contest last year. A．whose B．where C．whom D．which 17．Confucius was a great thinker from ________ we can learn a lot . A．whom B．which C．who D．whose 18．A teacher is the person ________ work is to teach students carefully. A．who B．which C．where D．whose 19．I don’t know the boy ________ father is an English teacher. A．who B．whom C．that D．whose 20．This is the beautiful town in ________ I grew up. I love it very much. A．what B．where C．which D．that 21．Do you know the way to the company ________ your father works? A．that B．which C．in which D．in what 22．Is this the river ________ I can swim? A．which B．in which C．that D．the one 23．I still miss the day ________ I met Lucy for the first time. A．who B．which C．where D．when 24．I love places ______ the people are friendly. A．which B．where C．that D．in that 25．I wonder the reason ________ you were late for school yesterday. A．why B．where C．when D．who 提升训练 1．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like best? —I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed. A．what B．which C．who D．/ 2．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Although my grandfather is over 90 years old, he still remembers the people ________ he met when he was young. A．who B．when C．where D．which 3．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）In difficult times, there are always national heroes ________ step up and bring people hope. A．whom B．who C．which D．whose 4．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those ________ grow up in the right family, while others believe that success mostly comes down to hard work. A．who B．whose C．which D．whom 5．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 6．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Linda prefers musicians who ________ different kinds of music. A．play B．plays C．was playing D．is playing 7．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears. A．what B．which C．who D．whom 8．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）The Aerospace Square ________ was completed last year has become a new tourist attraction. A．which B．who C．whom D．where 9．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）The “Kemusan” dance is an eye-catching dance performance ________ is quite popular these days. A．who B．which C．whose 10．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky. A．where B．when C．which D．who 11．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer. —Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun. A．when B．who C．that 12．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—I feel so nervous. What should I do? —You’d better listen to music that ________. A．helps you relax B．you can dance C．makes you sad 13．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）Yu Gong Moves a Mountain is the best story ________ I have ever read. A．who B．where C．that 14．（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A．who B．whom C．which D．whose 15．（2023·西藏·中考真题）Su Bingtian is a player ________ runs fastest in China at present. A．which B．who C．what D．where 16．（2023·辽宁阜新·中考真题）The woman astronaut ________ gave us a lesson on space is Liu Yang. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 17．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Who is the hero in your mind? —Huang Danian. He is a scientist ________ has helped China make great progress in deep-sea exploration (勘探). A．where B．which C．who 18．（2023·青海·中考真题）A best friend is a person _________ is always there when you need him or her. As the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” A．whom B．whose C．who 19．（2023·湖北十堰·中考真题）I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me in my life. A．which B．whose C．whom D．who 20．（2023·新疆·中考真题）Lots of Chinese young people ___________ were born after 1995 use door-to-door cooking to save time. A．that B．those C．which D．/ 21．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can’t be achieved. A．who B．that C．whom 22．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）Miss Xiang is a great teacher _________always makes her classes lively and fascinating. A．which B．who C．what D．whom 23．（2023·吉林·中考真题）The students are reading books ________ are full of the “red spirit” these days. A．who B．where C．which 24．（2023·黑龙江·中考真题）— What can we do for the left-home children ________ need help? — We could help them with their study online on weekends. A．which B．who C．whom 25．（2023·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her class lively. A．which B．whose C．who 26．（2023·四川乐山·中考真题）Guo Moruo is a famous Chinese writer ________ is popular around the world. A．which B．whom C．who 27．（2023·湖南株洲·中考真题）Today’s China is a country ________ keeps to its national character. A．what B．who C．that 28．（2023·湖南郴州·中考真题）Tea is the leaf of a plant ________ grows widely in China, Japan and other countries. A．what B．who C．that 29．（2023·湖南岳阳·中考真题）Lei Feng is a great person ________ sets a good example to us. A．who B．which C．whose 30．（2023·四川成都·中考真题）He showed me the photos ________ he took at his graduation ceremony. A．that B．who C．what 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 九年级上期末考点大串讲（人教版） 专题05 定语从句的用法 语法精讲 · 概述： · 定语从句：在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。在句子中的作用相当于形容词，又称为形容词性从句。 e.g. He is the man who lives next door. e.g. The girl who is talking with my mother is my friend. e.g. I like the dress that my mother bought for me. e.g. The bicycle which he wanted was at least 90＄. · 定语从句的结构：先行词 + 关系词 + 从句剩余部分 · 知识点1： 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。（一般出现在定语从句之前） e.g. Do you know the girl who is singing on the stage? (the girl为先行词) e.g. He is the man whose car was stolen last night. (the man为先行词) · 知识点2： 关系词（引导词）：引导定语从句的词。根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词。 (1) 关系代词：在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 关系代词 先行词 成分 who 人 主、宾、表 whom 人 宾 whose 人/物 定 that 人/物 主、宾、表 which 物 主、宾、表 as（高中） 人/物 主、宾、表 e.g. Speaking of the USA, New York is the first thing that comes to mind. (作主语) e.g. Mr. White invited many friends to his party whom/who he respected. (作宾语) e.g. I have many friends to whom I am going to send postcards. (作宾语) e.g. You’re the only person whose advice he might listen to. (作定语) e.g. This is the book which you are looking for. (作宾语) e.g. The picture that we are studying was drawn by a fifteen-year-old student. (作宾语) 注意：在定语从句中，关系词取代了先行词，因此在定语从句中不能再重复先行词。 e.g. This is the right book that you are looking for the book. (应去掉the book) e.g. This is the right book that you are looking for it. (应去掉it) (2) 关系副词：在从句中作状语。 总结：when / where / why --- 在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语 = 介词+which · when 时间状语 先行词：day, time, week, year, period, moment, ;occasion (时机) … when = in/on/at/during which e.g. Do you still remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? e.g. April Fool’s Day is the day when people make fun of others. = April Fool’s Day is the day on which people make fun of others. · where 地点状语 先行词：place, house, factory, village … 抽象地点名词：position, stage, situation, case, point, occasion (场合) … where = in/on/at/to which e.g. Finally, we got to a factory where many mobile phones of high quality were produced. e.g. These are the few points where we disagree with each other. = These are the few points at which we disagree with each other. · why 原因状语 先行词：the reason why = for which e.g. I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help. e.g. Is this the reason why she refused our offer? (3) 关系代词 or 关系副词 要点1：看从句谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，用关系代词；不及物动词用关系副词。 e.g. This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. e.g. I will never forget the days when I spent the summer holidays in the countryside. e.g. I’ll never forget the days (which/that) I spent in the countryside. 要点2：看定语从句中缺少什么成分。★★★★★ 缺少主宾表定---关系代词；缺少时间/地点/原因状语---关系副词。 e.g. Beijing is the place where (=in which) I was born. (where在从句中作地点状语) e.g. He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) · 知识点3：特殊情况 1. 只用that不用which：（先行词指物） 不定代词、序数词、最高级、人+物、the only/the very/the last、避免重复 注意： (1) 不定代词：先行词为all, much, everything, anything, nothing, none, something, little, few, any等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时，只能用that。 e.g. Is there anything that you don’t understand? e.g. Tom told his mother all that had happened. (2) 序数词：先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 e.g. The first thing (that) we should do now is to find a local guide. (3) 最高级：先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。 e.g. This is the best book that I have ever read. (4) 人+物：先行词既有人又有物时。 e.g. We often talk about people and things (that) we remember. (5) 先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same等修饰时。 e. g. This is the only book that I can find. (6) 避免重复。 e.g. He built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before. (7) 以here, there开头的句子，先行词指物时。 e.g. There is a book on the desk that belongs to Frank. (8) 当主句是以what或which开头的特殊疑问句时。 e.g. Which is the book that belongs to her? 2. 只用which不用that： (1) 介词+which e.g. The house in which Lu Xun used to live is now a museum. (2) 非限制性定义从句用which e.g. Football, which is a very interesting sport, is played in many countries. (3) 先行词为that, those 时 e.g. What’s that which was out in the car? · 定语从句做题小妙招： 方法1：先行词还原法 e.g. The village _______ I visited last year has changed a lot. 先行词为the village，将先行词还原到定语从句中后为 I visited the village last year. 先行词在从句中作宾语。 方法2：四步分析法 一看指人还是物，二看介词在何处，三看句中作何用，四看是否属特殊。 e.g. Do you know the man _______ came here yesterday? 先行词为the man，关系词指人且在从句中作主语，故用who/that。 e.g. He brought me the most interesting book _______ I had wanted to buy. 先行词book被形容词最高级修饰，用that。 · 拓展： 1. 关系代词的省略 (1) 可省略：关系代词在定语从句中作动词的宾语时可省略；关系代词在定语从句中作 表语时可省略；关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词在从句句尾时可省略。 e.g. That’s the girl (whom/who/that) I teach. e.g. The book (that/which) he found on the playground is mine. e.g. John is not the man (that) he was years ago. e.g. This is the pen (that/which) I wrote the letter with. (2) 不可省略：在“介词+关系代词”结构中，不可省略；非限制性定语从句中关系代词 不可省略。 e.g. I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the club. e.g. Who is the boy that is talking with our teacher? 基础训练 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1．I’m reading the book ________ Lucy lent me last week. A．what B．who C．when D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我正在读露西上周借给我的书。 考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；who谁，引导定语从句时，先行词指人；when什么时候，用于先行词是时间日期时；that用于先行词是人或物时，可省略。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为指物的“the book”，在从句中作宾语。故选D。 2．Fiona loves listening to her children singing songs ________ at school. A．are learned B．that learned C．they learned D．that they are learned 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Fiona喜欢听她的孩子们唱他们在学校学的歌。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构并结合选项可知，空处所在句为定语从句，先行词为“songs”，在从句中充当宾语，关系代词可省略。故选C。 3．—What are you looking for? —I’m looking for the book ________ my brother gave me last month. A．that B．what C．who D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你在找什么？——我在找我哥哥上个月给我的那本书。 考查定语从句。that关系代词，先行词指人或物；what不能用于引导定语从句；who关系代词，先行词指人；whom关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中充当宾语。分析句子“I’m looking for the book...my brother gave me last month.”可知，此处是定语从句，先行词“the book”指物，在定语从句中作宾语，此时引导词应用that。故选A。 4．—What will you do for your mother on Mother’s Day? —The first thing ________ I will do is to make a card for my mum. A．which B．where C．whose D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——母亲节你会为妈妈做什么？——我要做的第一件事是给我妈妈做一张卡片。 考查关系代词。which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；where在定语从句中作状语；whose在定语从句中作定语；that在定语从句中作主语或宾语。根据“The first thing”以及“I will do is to make a card for my mum.”可知，空格处是定语从句的引导词，先行词是thing“事”，指物，且先行词thing被序数词first修饰，所以该定语从句的引导词是that。故选D。 5．The only sport ________ I do in my spare time is playing basketball. A．where B．which C．that D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我空余时间做的唯一运动是打篮球。 考查定语从句关系词。where哪里；which哪个；that那个；what什么。从句“I do in my spare time”修饰先行词“sport”，而“sport”指的是物且被the only修饰，关系代词用“that”。故选C。 6．—Can I borrow the new CD ________ is lying on the desk, Sarah? —Yes, of course. A．who B．that C．whom D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——萨拉，我能借放在桌上的新唱片吗？——是的，当然。 考查定语从句关系词。who谁；that那个；whom谁（宾格）；what什么。从句“is lying on the desk”修饰先行词“the new CD”，而“the new CD”指的的是物体，且空处在句中作主语，要用关系词“that”代替。故选B。 7．Jason really likes the picture ________ he took during the class activity. A．which B．who C．when D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：杰森非常喜欢他在课堂活动中拍摄的照片。 考查定语从句。根据“Jason really likes the picture…he took during the class activity.”可知，句子包含定语从句。先行词picture为物，关系词从句中作宾语，用which引导定语从句。故选A。 8．As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky. A．where B．when C．which D．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：作为一个科学爱好者，我希望我能发明一辆能在空中飞行的自行车。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是a bike，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选C。 9．—Where does the old man live? —He lives in a house ________ is next to the park. He often goes for a walk there. A．which B．where C．what D．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这位老人住在哪里？——他住在公园旁边的一所房子里。他经常去那里散步。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，which代指表“物”的先行词；where代指表“地点”先行词在从句中当状语；what不作定语从句的关系词who代指表“人”的先行词。先行词“house”指“物”，在从句中作主语，用which。故选A。 10．We’ll buy the cow ________ the farmer raised on his farm. A．who B．what C．which D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们将买下农民在农场里养的那头牛。 考查定语从句。who引导限制性定语从句，修饰指人的先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语；what不能引导定语从句；which既能引导限制性定语从句，也能引导非限制性定语从句；when指时间，在从句中作时间状语。此题的先行词the cow指物，因此用which引导定语从句。故选C。 11．We should look up to the people ________ help make our life better. A．who B．what C．which D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该尊敬那些帮助我们改善生活的人。 考查定语从句。who先行词指人；what不引导定语从句；which先行词指物；whose某人的，某物的，表示所属关系。分析句子可知，此句中存在定语从句。先行词是“the people”,是指人，而关系词在从句中也就是“...help make our life better”中代替先行词充当主语，要用who。故选A。 12．A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：真正的朋友是在你困难的时候能帮助你的人。 考查定语从句引导词。who指人，在句中作主语/宾语；whom指人，在句中作宾语；whose在句中作定语；which在句中指物。空格所在句为定语从句，修饰名词person，指人，并且在句中作主语，用引导词who。故选A。 13．A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears. A．what B．which C．who D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：真正的朋友是一个永远会与你分享欢笑和泪水的人。 考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；which哪一个，先行词指物；who谁，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom谁，先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。分析句子可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句，先行词a person指人，且连接词在从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选C。 14．—Do you know the woman ________ wears a blue skirt? —Oh, she’s my aunt. A．which B．who C．what D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你认识那个穿蓝裙子的女人吗？——哦，她是我阿姨。 考查定语从句。which关系代词，先行词指物；who关系代词，先行词指人；what引导宾语从句。分析句子结构，此处是定语从句，先行词是woman，指人，且在从句中作主语，用who。故选B。 15．Parents are the persons ________ we can talk with when we have some difficulties at any time. A．what B．whom C．which D．why 【答案】B 【详解】句意：父母是我们在任何时候遇到困难时可以倾诉的人。 考查关系代词。what不用于定语从句；whom指人，在从句中作宾语；which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；why指代原因，在从句中作状语。该句是定语从句，根据“Parents are the persons”可知，先行词指的人，结合“we can talk with when we have some difficulties at any time.”可知，从句中缺宾语，只有whom符合题意。故选B。 16．I've become good friends with several of the students in my school ________ I met in the English speech contest last year. A．whose B．where C．whom D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我与去年参加英语演讲比赛时遇到的我们学校的几位同学成了好朋友。 考查定语从句。whose……的，表示名词所有格，在从句中作定语；where关系副词，指地点，在从句中作地点状语；which关系代词，指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom关系代词，指人，在从句中作宾语；several of the students 是定语从句的先行词，指人；并且关系词在定语从句中作宾语，所以要用whom。故选C。 17．Confucius was a great thinker from ________ we can learn a lot . A．whom B．which C．who D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：孔子是一位伟大的思想家，我们可以从他身上学到很多东西。 考查定语从句关系词。whom定语从句关系词，先行词是人,在句中作宾语；which定语从句关系词，先行词是物；who定语从句关系词，现行词是人；whose定语从句关系词，定语从句作定语。先行词thinker“思想家”，指人。并且前面有介词from。在从句中作宾语，此处用from。故选A。 18．A teacher is the person ________ work is to teach students carefully. A．who B．which C．where D．whose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：老师的工作就是认真地教导学生。 考查关系代词。who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；where在定语从句中作状语；whose在定语从句中作定语。分析句子结构，该句是定语从句，先行词是“the person”，设空处后为名词“work”，指的是“the person”的工作，填whose修饰“work”。故选D。 19．I don’t know the boy ________ father is an English teacher. A．who B．whom C．that D．whose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我不认识那个男孩，他的父亲是一名英语老师。 考查定语从句的引导词。who的先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom的先行词指人，在从句中作宾语；that的先行词指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose的先行词指人或物，在从句中作定语。分析题干可知，本句为定语从句，先行词是“the boy”，在从句中作father的定语。故选D。 20．This is the beautiful town in ________ I grew up. I love it very much. A．what B．where C．which D．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这是我长大的美丽小镇。我非常喜欢它。 考查关系代词。what不引导定语从句；where关系副词，作状语；which关系代词，作宾语或主语；that关系代词，作主语或宾语。该句是定语从句，设空处前是介词in，只能填关系代词which作其宾语。in which相当于where，故选C。 21．Do you know the way to the company ________ your father works? A．that B．which C．in which D．in what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你知道去你爸爸工作的公司的路吗? 本题考查定语从句的关系词。先行词company“公司”是地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词使用where或者in which。故选C。 22．Is this the river ________ I can swim? A．which B．in which C．that D．the one 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我能在里面游泳的河吗？ 考查定语从句。定语从句中，which 代指表“物”的先行词在从句中当主语或宾语；in which 是介词加关系代词，替换关系副词where；that 代指表“物”或“人”的先行词在从句中当主语或宾语；the one是先行词；分析句子成分可知空格是从句的地点状语，用in which“在……里面”；故选B。 23．I still miss the day ________ I met Lucy for the first time. A．who B．which C．where D．when 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我仍然怀念第一次见到露西的那一天。 考查定语从句。根据“I still miss the day…I met Lucy for the first time.”可知，本句为定语从句，先行词是day，表示时间，关系词用when引导定语从句，表示“在那一天”。故选D。 24．I love places ______ the people are friendly. A．which B．where C．that D．in that 【答案】B 【详解】句意: 我喜欢人们友好的地方。 考查定语从句的用法。A. which哪个；B. where哪里；C. that那；D. in that在哪。先行词places在此处指地点，因此引导词用where。故选B。 25．I wonder the reason ________ you were late for school yesterday. A．why B．where C．when D．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想知道你昨天上学迟到的原因。 考查定语从句的关系词。why为什么；where在哪里；when当…时；who谁。根据句意和句子结构可知，此空应填关系副词why，引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，并在从句中作状语，表示原因。故选A。 提升训练 1．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like best? —I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed. A．what B．which C．who D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你最喜欢哪种电影？——我喜欢那些让我感到快乐和放松的电影。 考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；which引导定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who谁，引导定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句，先行词the movies指物，且连接词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，且不可省略。故选B。 2．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Although my grandfather is over 90 years old, he still remembers the people ________ he met when he was young. A．who B．when C．where D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：虽然我的祖父已经90多岁了，但他仍然记得他年轻时遇到的那些人。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词是“the people”，从句中缺少主语，指人，应用who引导定语从句。故选A。 3．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）In difficult times, there are always national heroes ________ step up and bring people hope. A．whom B．who C．which D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在困难时期，总是会有挺身而出、给人们带来希望的国家英雄。 考查定语从句的关系词。whom先行词为人，在从句中充当宾语；who先行词为人，在从句中充当主语；which先行词为物；whose先行词为人，在从句中充当定语。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词heroes，是人；根据先行词在从句中充当主语，所以用who引导。故选B。 4．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those ________ grow up in the right family, while others believe that success mostly comes down to hard work. A．who B．whose C．which D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：有些人认为成功只属于那些有天赋的人或那些成长在合适的家庭的人，而另一些人则认为成功主要取决于努力工作。 考查定语从句。who先行词是人，在句中作主语/宾语；whose谁的；which先行词是物，在句中作主语/宾语；whom先行词是人，在句中作宾语。本句是定语从句，先行词是those，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who。故选A。 5．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：真正的朋友是在你困难的时候能帮助你的人。 考查定语从句引导词。who指人，在句中作主语/宾语；whom指人，在句中作宾语；whose在句中作定语；which在句中指物。空格所在句为定语从句，修饰名词person，指人，并且在句中作主语，用引导词who。故选A。 6．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Linda prefers musicians who ________ different kinds of music. A．play B．plays C．was playing D．is playing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：琳达更喜欢能演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。 考查动词时态。根据“Linda prefers musicians who…”可知，时态为一般现在时；关系代词who代替先行词musicians，在从句中作主语，谓语动词应使用动词原形。故选A。 7．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears. A．what B．which C．who D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：真正的朋友是一个永远会与你分享欢笑和泪水的人。 考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；which哪一个，先行词指物；who谁，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom谁，先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。分析句子可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句，先行词a person指人，且连接词在从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选C。 8．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）The Aerospace Square ________ was completed last year has become a new tourist attraction. A．which B．who C．whom D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：去年竣工的航天广场已成为一个新的旅游景点。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，“...was completed last year”是作定语修饰The Aerospace Square，所以是定语从句，先行词是物，空处在句中作主语，所以用关系词which引导。故选A。 9．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）The “Kemusan” dance is an eye-catching dance performance ________ is quite popular these days. A．who B．which C．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“科目三”是最近很受欢迎的引人注目的舞蹈表演。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词dance performance指物，在从句中作主语，关系词用which，故选B。 10．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky. A．where B．when C．which D．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：作为一个科学爱好者，我希望我能发明一辆能在空中飞行的自行车。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是a bike，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选C。 11．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer. —Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun. A．when B．who C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我永远不会忘记去年夏天我们在志愿者工作中的经历。——我也是。这三天是有意义的，充满了乐趣。 考查定语从句。when先行词为时间，在从句中作状语；who先行词为人，在从句中作主语/宾语；that先行词为人/物。根据“experiences”可知，先行词为物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导。故选C。 12．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—I feel so nervous. What should I do? —You’d better listen to music that ________. A．helps you relax B．you can dance C．makes you sad 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我感到很紧张，我该怎么办？——你最好听听能帮助你放松的音乐。 考查定语从句和情景交际。helps you relax帮你放松；you can dance你能跳舞；makes you sad让你伤心。分析句子可知，that后是定语从句，修饰名词music，B项语法上错误，应是you can dance to；结合“I feel so nervous, what should I do?”可知，空处给出的建议应是帮助对方消除紧张，所以A项符合语境，故选A。 13．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）Yu Gong Moves a Mountain is the best story ________ I have ever read. A．who B．where C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：《愚公移山》是我读过的最好的故事。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是story，关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句。故选C。 14．（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A．who B．whom C．which D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一个真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并感动你心扉的人。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选A。 15．（2023·西藏·中考真题）Su Bingtian is a player ________ runs fastest in China at present. A．which B．who C．what D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：苏炳添是目前中国跑得最快的运动员。 考查定语从句。根据语境，题干设空后是一个定语从句，先行词指人，空处作主语，因此应用who作关系词。故选B。 16．（2023·辽宁阜新·中考真题）The woman astronaut ________ gave us a lesson on space is Liu Yang. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：给我们在太空上上了一课的女宇航员叫刘洋。 考查定语从句。先行词是The woman astronaut，是人，且在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选C。 17．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Who is the hero in your mind? —Huang Danian. He is a scientist ________ has helped China make great progress in deep-sea exploration (勘探). A．where B．which C．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你心目中的英雄是谁？——黄大年。他是一位帮助中国在深海勘探方面取得巨大进展的科学家。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。 18．（2023·青海·中考真题）A best friend is a person _________ is always there when you need him or her. As the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” A．whom B．whose C．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：最好的朋友是当你需要他或她时总是在那里的人。俗话说：“患难见真情。” 考查定语从句关系词。根据“a person ... is always there when you need him or her”可知此处是定语从句，先行词指人且在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选C。 19．（2023·湖北十堰·中考真题）I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me in my life. A．which B．whose C．whom D．who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我将记住在我的生活中帮助和支持我的重要的人。 考查定语从句。which哪一个；whose谁的；whom谁；who谁。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词people是指人，在从句中作主语，用关系词who引导定语从句，故选D。 20．（2023·新疆·中考真题）Lots of Chinese young people ___________ were born after 1995 use door-to-door cooking to save time. A．that B．those C．which D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了节省时间，很多95后的中国年轻人都采用上门做饭的方式。 考查定语从句引导词。that引导定语从句时，先行词是人/物，在句中作主语或宾语；those那些，指示代词；which引导定语从句时，先行词是物，在句中作主语或宾语；/不填。空后“...were born after 1995”在句中作定语修饰名词，先行词Chinese young people，指人，且空处在句中作主语，所以用who引导，故选A。 21．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can’t be achieved. A．who B．that C．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果我们怀着远大的梦想努力学习，没有什么是不能实现的。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是nothing，引导词在从句中作主语，只能用that引导。故选B。 22．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）Miss Xiang is a great teacher _________always makes her classes lively and fascinating. A．which B．who C．what D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：向老师是一位优秀的老师，她总是使她的课生动有趣。 考查who引导的限制性定语从句。which（……的）那个；who谁；what什么；whom谁，who的宾格。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为a great teacher，因此空白处应填入指人的关系代词，在定语从句中作主语指人应用who来引导定语从句。故选B。 23．（2023·吉林·中考真题）The students are reading books ________ are full of the “red spirit” these days. A．who B．where C．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这些天，学生们正在读充满“红色精神”的书。 考查定语从句。who谁；where哪儿；which哪个。本句含定语从句，先行词books指物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。 24．（2023·黑龙江·中考真题）— What can we do for the left-home children ________ need help? — We could help them with their study online on weekends. A．which B．who C．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们能为需要帮助的留守儿童做些什么？——我们可以在周末帮助他们在线学习。 考查定语从句。which先行词指物；who先行词指人，在从句中作主语；whom先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。本句先行词是the left-home children，指人，且空格处在从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选B。 25．（2023·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her class lively. A．which B．whose C．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：王老师是一位英语老师，她使她的课堂生动活泼。 考查定语从句。句子含定语从句，先行词是teacher，指人，从句缺主语，用关系代词who引导从句。故选C。 26．（2023·四川乐山·中考真题）Guo Moruo is a famous Chinese writer ________ is popular around the world. A．which B．whom C．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：郭沫若是一位著名的中国作家，在世界各地都很受欢迎。 考查定语从句。which指物，从句作主语，宾语；whom指人，从句作宾语；who指人，从句中作主语，宾语。根据语义及句子结构可知，前后为两个句子，且空后句子为定语从句，修饰先行词writer“作家”，指人，且在定语从句中充当主语，用关系词who。故选C。 27．（2023·湖南株洲·中考真题）Today’s China is a country ________ keeps to its national character. A．what B．who C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天的中国是一个保持民族性的国家。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是“a country”，指物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。 28．（2023·湖南郴州·中考真题）Tea is the leaf of a plant ________ grows widely in China, Japan and other countries. A．what B．who C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：茶是一种广泛生长在中国、日本和其他国家的植物的叶子。 考查定语从句。分析题干可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词“a plant”为物，空处在定语从句中作主语，应用that/which引导，故选C。 29．（2023·湖南岳阳·中考真题）Lei Feng is a great person ________ sets a good example to us. A．who B．which C．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：雷锋是一个伟大的人，他给我们树立了好榜样。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选A。 30．（2023·四川成都·中考真题）He showed me the photos ________ he took at his graduation ceremony. A．that B．who C．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他给我看了他在毕业典礼上拍的照片。 考查定语从句。that引导定语从句，先行词是人/物；who引导定语从句，先行词是人；what不引导定语从句。本句中先行词“the photos”是物，且在句中作宾语，用引导词that。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $