Unit 5～6寒假语法&词汇复习基础版 讲义- 2024-2025学年沪教牛津版英语八年级上册

八上U 5-6寒假语法&词汇复习基础版 模块一 单词及课文复习讲解 Unit 5 一、课文回顾 An exchange visit is educational and interesting！ A group of ______ (英国的)students from Woodpark School in London are visiting Xinhua Junior High School in Beijing on an educational exchange. “I was very nervous ______ _____(起初),” says Sarah. “However, my host family are really friendly. I’m ______ (高兴) to be a guest in their home. I’ve learnt to ______ _____(使用筷子), and they’re teaching me a little Chinese!” The students _____ _____ _____ _____ (花费工作日学习) with Chinese students. At the weekend, they ______ _____(游览) Beijing and visit _____ _____ ______（名胜） with their host families. “It’s been _____ _____ ______（一次很棒的经历） ______ _____(到目前为止),” says Eric. “I’ve learnt _____ _____ ______（一点儿） t'ai chi, and I really enjoy it. We’ve ______ (已经) learnt a lot about Chinese culture and history. The teachers have _____ us ______ (使……初次了解) Chinese painting as well. We’ve also tried to paint some pictures ourselves! I haven’t had much ______ (成功) ______ (尚未), but I’ll ______ _____(不断尝试).” “I’ve made many new friends,” says Sarah. “I plan to _____ _____ _____ ______（与……保持联系）them when I return home. We’ll see ______ _____(彼此) soon because they’ll _____ _____ ______（从……到……） the UK for the second part of the exchange next month. I can’t wait!” 答案：British, at first, glad, use chopsticks, spend the weekdays studying, tour around, places of interest, a fantastic experience, so far, a bit of, already, introduce to, success, yet, keep trying, keep in touch with, one another, come over to 二、词汇大过关 n. exchange____________,culture____________,host____________, guest____________,chopstick____________,weekday____________, experience____________, success____________ v. tour____________, introduce____________, respect____________ adj. educational____________,local____________,British____________, glad____________, fantastic____________ adv. already____________, yet____________ 三、词性转换 1.educational adj. _______________ n. _______________(教育) v. _______________(教育) n. _______________(教育者) 2. introduce v. _______________ n. _______________(介绍，引言) 3. success n. _______________ v._______________ (成功) adj. _______________(成功的) adv._______________(成功地) 4. culture n. _______________ adj. _______________(文化的) 5. Britain n. _______________ adj._______________(英国的;英国人) 6. host n._______________ v._______________(主持) n._______________(女主人) 7. tour v./n._______________ n._______________(游客) 答案：1.有教育意义的；education；educate;educator 2.介绍；introduction; 3.成功；succeed; successful; successfully; 4.文化；cultural；5.英国人；British；6.主持人；host；hostess；7.旅游；tourist 四、词汇练习。 （一）词汇单选 ( )1. — What do you think of this program? — I think it is educational and interesting. A. something that is funny B. something that can teach you C. something that can interest you ( )2. — Peter, I am glad that you are here. I am looking for you everywhere. — Oh, what happened? A. sure B. happy C. afraid ( )3. — Dali is the capital of Yunnan. It's a very beautiful city. — Yes, many people tour there every year to see the beautiful Erhai Lake (洱海). A. live B. sit C. travel ( )4. — The rain stopped. Look at the rainbow in the sky! —Wow! What a wonderful rainbow! That's fantastic. A. very amazing B. very big C. very relaxing ( )5. — Belly, when can I hand in my homework? —Go to the teachers' office on weekdays. A. from Saturday to Sunday B. from Monday to Friday C. from Monday to Sunday ( )6. — What do you think of Jimmy? — I thought he was rude at first, but later I found that he was very kind-hearted. A. in the middle B. at last C. in the beginning ( )7. — Do you find your lost dog, Betty? — So far we haven't found it, but we won't stop. A. Until now B. As a result C. In addition ( )8. — Why is your daughter so thin? — Because she only eats a bit of food every meal. A. a few B. a little C. a lot ( )9. If you ask someone to have dinner in your home, then he or she is your _________. A. guest B. host C. teacher ( )10. _______ is the achievement (成就) of something that you have been trying to do. A. Dream B. Success C. Job ( )11. — Belly, you shouldn't shout at your mother like that. You should _________ her. —Sorry, Dad. I won't do it again. A. respect B. promise C. control ( )12. — I worked as a waiter at a cafe during the last summer holiday. — That's a useful _________. You should write it down. A. plan B. experience C. idea ( )13. — Honey, go to do your homework before watching TV. — Mom, I've _________ finished it. A. yet B. already C. never ( )14. — It is the first time you have come here. Let me _________ my room _________ you. —OK. Thank you. A. introduce; to B. provide; with C. ask; for ( )15. — It is hot today. Let's go swimming together! — That's a good idea. _________. Let's go right now! A. I can't agree with you B. I can't wait C. I'm sorry to hear that 答案：1-5 BBCAB 6-10 CABAB 11-15 ABBAB （二）根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. I'm looking forward to my first_______ (education) visit to America. 2. It's my great honor_______ (introduce) myself to you. 3. We should love our parents by _________ (respect) them. 4. Chinese people usually eat things with_________ (chopstick) and spoons. 5. Failure is the mother of __________ (succeed). 6. The __________(host) are very friendly to us. 7. The British boy spent one week __________ (learn) how to use chopsticks. 8. Hello! I’m new here .Let me __________ (introduce) myself first. 9. What’s the matter ? The baby keeps __________ (cry ) . 10.It’s right __________(respect) the old people. 11.He looks very __________ (happily) today. 答案：1.educational; 2.to introduce; 3.respecting; 4.chopsticks; 5.success; 6.hosts; 7.learning; 8.introduce; 9.crying; 10.to respect; 11.happy; Unit 6 一、课文回顾 The Trojan horse The ______ (首领) stood on the high wall of the city of Troy. “The ______ (希腊人) have gone and we’ve won,” he said. “They’ve tried to ______ (攻占) our city for ten years. Now they’ve ______ _____(放弃) and sailed away!” “But look over there,” a ______ (士兵) said. “They’ve left a ______ (巨大的) wooden horse.” “Ah, yes,” the captain said, “it’s too big. The Greeks didn’t want to _____ _____ _____ ______（随身带走它）. Get some help and _____ it ______ (把……拖进) the city.” That night, in the ______ _____(主广场) of the city, all the Trojans ______ (庆祝). They sang and danced around the horse, and _____ _____ ______（拿……开玩笑） the ______ (笨的) Greeks. “I haven’t laughed like this since my childhood,” the captain said. After the party, they locked all the gates of the city and then all went to sleep. ______ _____(在午夜前), the main square was ______ (空的), ______ _____(除……之外) the huge horse. Suddenly a ______ _____(暗门) opened _____ _____ _____ ______（在……侧面） the wooden horse. The horse _____ _____ ______（有大量的）Greek soldiers! They ______ (安静地) climbed out of the horse _____ _____ ______（一个接一个）. The soldiers opened the main gates. The Greek ______ (军队) ______ (进入了) the city. For ten years, the Greeks could not capture the city by fighting. In one night, however, they ______ _____(成功做到) capturing it through _____ _____ ______（一条聪明的计谋）. 答案：captain, Greeks, capture, given up, soldier, huge, take it with them, pull into, main square, celebrated, made jokes about, stupid, By midnight, empty, except for, secret door, on the side of, was full of, quietly, one by one, army, entered, succeeded in, a clever trick 二、词汇大过关 n. war____________, difference____________, captain____________, soldier____________, midnight____________, side____________, army____________, trick____________, prince____________, queen____________, scene____________, sir____________ v. understand____________, pull____________, celebrate____________, enter____________, succeed____________, steal____________, punish____________ adj. ancient____________, huge____________, main____________, stupid____________, empty____________, secret____________ adv. quietly____________ prep. except____________ 三、词性转换 根据要求写出相应的单词。 1. enter(名词)__________________ 2. soldier(复数)__________________ 3. understand(过去分词)__________________ 4. buy(过去分词)__________________ 5. successful(动词)__________________ 6. celebration(动词)__________________ 7. different(名词)__________________ 8. foolish(同义词)__________________ 9. success(动词)__________________ 10. full(反义词)__________________ 11.punish(名词)__________________ 12.steal(过去式)__________________ 答案：1.entrance; 2.soldiers; 3.understood; 4.bought; 5.succeed; 6.celebration; 7.difference; 8.stupid/silly 9.succeed; 10.empty; 11.punishment; 12.stole 四、词汇练习。 （一）单选题 ( ) 1. Please enter the house from the back door. A. jump into B. join in C. climb in D. get into ( ) 2. There is a huge tree near our classroom. A. wide B. great C. big D. heavy ( ) 3. That little boy is not stupid at all. A. foolish B. blind C. slow D. wooden ( ) 4. The captain ordered them to take a rest. A. officer B. visitor C. soldier D. master ( ) 5. I don't understand what you mean. A. know B. think C. take D. say ( ) 6. We are sure that you can make it. A. catch B. succeed C .fail D .go ( ) 7. It’s bad to laugh at the blind old man. A .make jokes about B .thank for C .help with D. learn from ( ) 8. The basket is full of flowers. How beautiful! A .is along with B .is filled with C. is friendly to D. is connected to ( ) 9. He has dreamed of becoming a captain since his childhood. A. when he was a child B. before he went to school C .since he was a child D .after he grew up ( ) 10.. She entered the secret room in the end. A .by the end B .at first C .final D. at last 答案：1-5 DCADA 6-10BABCD （二）根据句子意思，用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. She walked away ________ (quiet), without saying anything. 2. Can you tell me the _________ (different) between the twins? 3. All the people in town came to the square___________ (celebrate) the Spring Festival. 4. He was accused of ________ (steal) a small boy's bike. 5. It was not your fault. Stop ________ (punish) yourself! 5. Keep_____________(quietly). Daddy is sleeping. 6. They all like the story except_____________(he). 7. This _____________(wood) horse was huge. 8. She _____________(understand) what I said and smiled to me . 9. There is no_____________(different) between the two sentences. 10.You are wrong. In fact he is very clever, not _____________(fool). 11. I can’t find my bike. who_____________(steal) it ? 12. There are many trees along both_____________(side) of the streets. 13. The soldiers_____________(success) in catching the thief just now. 14. Jim often makes _____________(joke) about his little brother. 答案：1.quietly; 2.differences; 3.to celebrate; 4.stealing; 5.quiet; 6.him; 7.wooden; 8.understood; 9.difference; 10.foolish; 11.stole; 12.sides; 13.succeeded; 14.jokes 模块二 语法复习讲解 ◆Grammar 现在完成时have/has done 1． 现在完成时的含义 1. 表示过去已完成的动作对现在产生的影响，常与“already”、“yet”、“just”等连用。 e.g. He has already had breakfast.(现在饱了) 2. 也可表示过去发生(开始)的动作持续到现在，常与“since”自从、“for”等连用。 e.g. I have lived here since I was born. 3. 表示一个过去的动作直到现在发生的次数。 e.g. I have already read this book three times. 二．现在完成时的构成 have/has done done（过去分词）的构成 A.规则动词的过去分词 规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。 四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。 work---worked---worked, visit---visited---visited (2) 、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。 live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ”。 study---studied---studied, cry---cried---cried (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped, drop---dropped--dropped B .不规则动词的过去分词 AAA型 let let let AAB型 beat beat beaten ABA型 become became become ABB型 bring brought brought buy bought bought ABC型 begin began begun blow blew blown 三、现在完成时的标志词 already, yet, just, so far, in the last/ past…, before, ever, never, since…, for… 【练一练】 一. 写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词 原形 过去式 过去分词 1. go _______________ _______________ 2. have _______________ _______________ 3. come _______________ _______________ 4. be _______________ _______________ 5. leave _______________ _______________ 6. meet _______________ _______________ 7. know _______________ _______________ 8. think _______________ _______________ 9. write _______________ _______________ 10. eat _______________ _______________ 答案：1.went,gone; 2.had had; 3.came come; 4.was/were been; 5.left left 6.met met; 7.knew known; 8.thought thought; 9.wrote;written; 10.ate eaten 二．用括号里单词的正确形式填空，使句子意思通顺。 1. I've never ________ (be) to Beijing. I'm looking forward to going there. 2. I haven't _________ (have) breakfast yet. I'm hungry now. 3. --- Have you ever _____ (read) the story The Adventures of Tom Sawyer? --- Yes. It's really wonderful. 4. --- Is your mother at home, Jim? --- No, she's _______ (go) to Shanghai. 5. I've _______ (drink) three glasses of beer. I feel uncomfortable now. 答案：1.been; 2.had; 3.read; 4.gone; 5.drunk 三. 单项选择。 ( )1. –Is that girl Amy？ -No, she’s Allen. Amy ________ the library with her friend. A. will go to B. has gone to C .go to D .have gone to ( )2.How’s Annie? I ________ her for a long time A.don’t see B. won’t see C. didn’t see D. haven’t seen ( )3. –Hasn’t Betty come yet? -No, and I ________ for her for nearly 2 hours. A. wait B. waited C. have waited D. had waited ( )4. - ________ you ________ your drawing? -Not yet! It will be done in a few minutes.　　 A. Did; finish B. Will; finish C. Do; finish D. Have; finished ( )5. Shared bikes ______ quite popular among big cities in China since last April. A. became B. have been C. will become D. becomes ( )6. John, have you ______ the book I lent you? A. bring B. brought C. brings D. bringing ( )7. John __________ in Shanghai since he left his hometown. A. lives B. lived C. has lived D. will live ( )8. My life ______a lot in the last five years. A. have changed B. has changed C. changed D. will change ( )9. We _______in the same school since three years ago. A. are studying B. have studied C. will study D. study ( )10. --- Why don't you go to the movie with me, Linda? --- Because I it twice. A. see B. saw C. will see D. have seen ( )11. The volunteers ________ a lot of help to the community for nearly ten years. A. offered B. will offer C. are offering D. have offered 答案：1-5CDCDB 6-10BCBBD 11D 模块三 八上5-6单元话题语法填空专练 A Mary is a student at East China Normal University. She is very busy every evening from Monday to Friday, 1 she has to teach Chinese to the two children of a South Korean family. There are more than 100,000 foreigners working in Shanghai who are 2 （interest) in Chinese language and culture. That demand （需求）has created jobs for bilingual(双语的）college students. Four students from East China Normal University are tutoring Japanese, South Koreans, Australians, or Americans. They got about 50 yuan an hour, and they could get 5 to 10 yuan more 3 teaching a Chinese child. Is it worth it? “Well, it’s not a lot of money, but in a week, I earn enough 4 (cover) my living expenses(花销).” was the reply of Yang Jianmin, 5 21-year-old English learner. Besides, students can communicate with the native speakers (母语者）from different countries and get to know 6 (much) knowledge that they can’t know from books. So it is a means to learn about cultural 7 （different）to many students. Some of the student tutors (家教)think the language exchange is good for two 8 (side). Qian Jiajun 9 (teach) spoken Chinese to an American who is studying in Shanghai for six months. He 10 (help) the American make progress in Chinese and improves his own English at the same time. 1. because 2 .interested 3.for 4.to cover 5.a 6.more 7. differences 8.sides 9.has taught 10. helps B The story of the fall of Troy is one of the 1 (old) stories in history. It dates back to around 800 BC, to a poem written by a man called Homer. The poem is called The Iliad (《伊利亚特》). Ilium is 2 Greek name for Troy. The story is a myth (神话), but many believe the city of Troy 3 （actual）existed(存在). Some people have thought it was in modern Turkey. 4 （other）have suggested it may have been in central Europe, northern Europe 5 even England. You could write a long book on all the 6 (painting), music and stories about Achilles. His name is used for many things. 7 1744, nine British warships have been named after him, for example, sayings from the story A Trojan horse is a saying that now 8 (mean) something that seems friendly, but is actually a trick 9 (hurt) you. Some kinds 10 computer viruses (病毒) are now called Trojans. An Achilles heel means a person’s main weakness. The Achilles tendon (跟腱) is a medical name for part of your heel (脚后跟)at the back. 1.oldest 2 .the 3. actually 4.Others 5.or 6. paintings 7.Since 8.means 9.to hurt 10. of 模块四 课后作业 一．词汇测试 i.根据句意，选择与划线部分意思最接近的选项。 ( )1. — Thanks for your help so I can finish my work on time. —I’m so glad I can help you. A. happy B. popular C. famous ( )2. — I am going to tour around Beijing this summer holiday. What’s your plan? —Maybe I will go to Yunnan with my family. A. travel B. show C. create ( )3. — Don’ t say others are stupid. It’s rude. —OK. I will not. A. practical B. silly C. educational ( )4. — Would you please close the door quietly when you go out? —OK. I will be careful. A. without many skills B. without much noise C. without any dust ( )5. — I had a fantastic time with my family in the United States last month. —That’s nice. I also want to go there to go on my holiday. A. secret B. popular C. wonderful ( )6. — You have to use this card to enter this building. —How can I get the card? A. come into B. keep off C. act out ( ))7. — Did your work go well? —Yes, I haven’t met any big problems so far. A. since then B. until now C. at first ( )8. — Can you understand what the teacher is saying? —No, I can’t. I want to ask him after class. A. know B. mention C. operate ii.从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。 ( )9. If you invite a man to stay in your home for a short time, you are a __________. A. host B. guest C. army ( )10. If something is__________, it is known about by only a few people and kept hidden from others. A. secret B. main C. tiny ( )11. — What’s the__________ between the two girls? —The taller one is shyer. A. distance B. speed C. difference ( )12. —__________ mean too much to Chinese people. We learn to use them from a young age. —Yes, it’s part of our culture. A. Wings B. Chopsticks C. Railways ( )13. — How do you usually__________ your birthday? —My parents often buy me a cake. A. celebrate B. understand C. enter ( )14. — You must __________ your parents, because they support you in everything. —Yes, Miss Li. I know that. A. develop B. respect C. introduce ( )15. — I fell on the ground, and Tom__________ me up. —He is really a nice person. A. pulled B. cleaned C. took 答案：1-5 AABBC 6-10 ABAAA 6-10 CBABA 二．阅读理解。 Helping foreigners learn PAN Hongyan, a sophomore at East China Normal University, is busy every evening, Monday through Friday. Dating? Sometimes. But before going out, there is one thing that must be done: She has to teach Chinese to the two children of a Korean family. There are more than 100,000 foreigners working in Shanghai who are interested in Chinese language and culture. That demand has created jobs for bilingual college students. Four students from a class of 29 at East China Normal University are tutoring various Japanese, Koreans, Australians, or Americans. They get about 30 yuan per hour, 5 to 10 yuan more than they get for teaching a Chinese child. Is it worth it? "Well, it's not a lot money, but in a week I earn enough to cover my living expenses," was the reply of Yang Jianmin, a 21-year-old English major. Many students said it is a means to learn about cultural differences. Some of the student tutors are engaged in language exchanges that benefit both parties. Qian Jiajun, who is in the information management department, teaches spoken Chinese to an American undergraduate who is studying in Shanghai. He helps the American make progress in his Chinese and improves his English at the same time. ( )1. What is Pan Hongyan busy doing every evening before going out? A.dating B. learning C. reading D. teaching ( )2. How many foreigners are interested in Chinese language and culture in Shanghai? A.100,000 B. 100, 0000 C. 10,000 D. 1000,000 ( )3. How much can a student get an hour teaching a Chinese child? A.20 B. 30 C. 37 D. 45 ( )4. What’s the meaning of the underlined word? A.method B. view C. idea D. thought ( )5. Which of the following is TRUE? A.Students always date every evening. B.Students at East China Normal University only teach Koreans. C.Students cannot earn enough money cover their living expenses. D.Both Chinese students and the foreigners can improve their language at the same time. 答案：DACAD 第 2 页 共 15 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$