专题05 阅读理解之说明文 【期末必刷15篇】-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲（人教版）

2024-2025学年八年级上期期末考点大串讲（人教版） 专题05 阅读理解之说明文（15篇） （一） Dear Lisa, It happened again this morning. My neighbor threw rubbish (扔垃圾) into my garden. It was the fourth time. I was so angry. Yesterday I threw it back into their garden, but it didn’t make any difference. I don’t know why they did that. They are new here. I don’t really want to argue (争吵) with them. In fact, I would like to be friends with them. What should I do? Yours,                                                                   Amy Dear Amy, I understand how upset you feel. I think you should go and say hello to them. Why don’t you invite them to your place to take a cup of coffee? If you do this, they will be glad. Then you can talk about the rubbish with them. They will not do the same thing. Do you think so? I’m looking forward to your good news. Yours, Lisa 1．Amy felt ________ because of what her neighbor did. A．angry B．thankful C．sad D．glad 2．Amy wanted to ________ her neighbor. A．say hello to B．hang out with C．argue with D．make friends with 3．Lisa is trying to ________. A．teach Amy how to throw rubbish B．help Amy solve her problem C．invite Amy for a cup of coffee D．ask Amy to help clean her garden 4．What does the “good news” refer to (涉及)? A．Amy makes her garden clean again. B．Amy makes her neighbor move away. C．Amy invites her neighbor to her party. D．Amy gets on well with (与……相处得好) her neighbor. 5．What can we learn from the material (材料)? A．Lisa is Amy’s best neighbor. B．Lisa has a beautiful garden. C．Lisa advises Amy to be friendly to her neighbor. D．Amy is new to her place. 【参考答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．C 【语篇解读】本文是Amy写给Lisa的一封信，倾诉自己对新邻居乱扔垃圾行为的无奈与处理方式，希望得到建议。Lisa回复建议Amy通过友好的方式化解误会。 【详情解析】 1．细节理解题。根据“I was so angry.”可知Amy因邻居的行为感到生气，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“In fact, I would like to be friends with them.”可知Amy想和邻居成为朋友，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“I think you should go and say hello to them. Why don’t you invite them to your place to take a cup of coffee?”可知，Lisa建议Amy打招呼并邀请邻居喝咖啡，用这种方式解决垃圾的问题，所以是为了帮助Amy解决问题，故选B。 4．词句猜测题。根据“I’m looking forward to your good news”结合上下文分析可知，好的消息应是Amy与邻居友好相处，故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据“I think you should go and say hello to them.”等建议可知，Lisa建议Amy对邻居友好以解决问题，故选C。 （二） Everybody likes parties. Do you want to be popular at the party? Now please remember these pieces of advice. *Bring a small gift. When you go to a dinner party, it’s a good idea to bring a small gift. Flowers are always nice and welcome. You can also bring a box of chocolate or a bottle of wine(葡萄酒). You don’t need to bring expensive gifts. *You should arrive on time. Don’t be late for the party. If you can’t catch the bus and you maybe late for the party, remember to give the host or the hostess a call. *________ Don’t be nervous (紧张的). Keep a good feeling from beginning to end. If you don’t know how to use the fork and knife, don’t worry about it. You can watch other people and follow them. *Don’t forget to thank the host and the hostess. Before you leave the party, say thanks to the host and the hostess. If you like the dishes, speak out. The host and the hostess will be pleased to know that. 6．From the passage (段落), we know if you go to a dinner party, you can bring some things EXCEPT (除了) ________. A．flowers B．chocolate C．wine D．a watch 7．What can you do if you may be late for the party? A．Go back home. B．Telephone the host or the hostess. C．Send an e-mail to the host. D．Wait for another bus. 8．Which of the following can you put in ________? A．Ask others to teach you. B．Learn from a video. C．Try to be relaxed at the dinner table. D．Use chopsticks. 9．The underlined word “pleased” means “________”. A．happy B．sad C．relaxed D．upset 10．The passage is about ________. A．different kinds of parties B．how to be popular at the party C．the best time to have a party D．the best gift for the host and hostess 【参考答案】6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了在聚会上受欢迎的建议。 【详情解析】 6．细节理解题。根据“Flowers are always nice and welcome. You can also bring a box of chocolate or a bottle of wine (葡萄酒).”可知，可以带花、巧克力或者酒，故选D。 7．细节理解题。根据“If you can’t catch the bus and you maybe late for the party, remember to give the host or the hostess a call.”可知，如果你可能会迟到，记得给主人或女主人打个电话。故选B。 8．推理判断题。根据“Don’t be nervous (紧张的). Keep a good feeling from beginning to end.”可知，安慰对方不要紧张，要从头到尾保持良好的感觉。所以“在餐桌上尽量放松”符合语境，故选C。 9．词句猜测题。根据“If you like the dishes, speak out. The host and the hostess will be pleased to know that.”可知，如果你喜欢这些菜，就说出来，客人喜欢菜的话，主人应该会开心，故选A。 10．主旨大意题。根据“Do you want to be popular at the party? Now please remember these pieces of advice.”可知，本文主要介绍了在聚会上受欢迎的建议，故选B。 （三） There is a famous saying, “Knowing is half the battle (战斗).” If that’s true, the other half must be doing. What’s more, the other half is more important. But what happens if you have a goal (目标) in mind, know everything you need to do to achieve (实现) that goal, and then do nothing about it? “Recently work in cognitive science (认知科学) has showed that knowing is just a little part of the battle for most real-world decisions,” scientist Laurie Santas and Tamar Gendler wrote for Edge.org. In other words, knowing something isn’t enough to drive us to change (改变). There are some steps you can take to help you turn your “knowing” into “doing”. First, you should write your goals down, whether you want to improve your study habits, eat more healthily, or get more sleep. Next, break down your goals so that they are easier for you to finish. Taking small steps to achieve your goals will help encourage (鼓励) you to keep on and finish more of these small goals. Finally, find someone you can share your progress (进步) with. Having a friend, or family member can help to keep you in check (约束) to make sure you get all of the things you need. 11．How does the writer begin his article? A．By describing the fact. B．By answering a question. C．By telling a saying. D．By giving an example. 12．What’s the first thing you should do to turn “knowing” into “doing”? A．To write down your goals. B．To break down your goals. C．To ask others for help. D．To share your goals with others. 13．What does “break down” most probably mean in Chinese? A．改变 B．管理 C．实现 D．分解 14．How many steps are there to turn “knowing” into “doing”? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 15．In which part of a newspaper can you read the passage? A．Science. B．Education. C．Health. D．Sports. 【参考答案】11．C 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B 【语篇解读】本文主要讨论了将“知道”转化为“做到”的三个步骤。 【详情解析】 11．细节理解题。根据文章开头的句子“There is a famous saying, ‘Knowing is half the battle (战斗).’”可知，作者是通过引用一句名言来开始文章的。故选C。 12．细节理解题。根据“First, you should write your goals down, whether you want to improve your study habits, eat more healthily, or get more sleep.”可知，要将“知道”转化为“做”，你应该做的第一件事是写下你的目标。故选A。 13．词句猜测题。根据上下文“Next, break down your goals so that they are easier for you to finish. Taking small steps to achieve your goals will help encourage (鼓励) you to keep on and finish more of these small goals.”可知，此处是指把你的目标分解成简单的，一步一步实现，因此break down意为“分解”。故选D。 14．细节理解题。根据文章内容“First, you should write your goals down,…Next, break down your goals so that…Finally, find someone you can share your progress (进步) with.”可知，作者提到了三个步骤：写下目标、分解目标、与他人分享进步。故选C。 15．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了如何将“知道”转化为“做到”，这与教育有关，一般会在报纸的教育板块读到。故选B。 （四） Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face to face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the ones who sit opposite to them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spend less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life used to be simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 16．What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very good. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it used to be. C．He thinks the life now is better than it used to be. D．He thinks the life is the same as it used to be. 17．What has happened these years according to the passage? A．Children often stay up late playing computer games on the Internet. B．people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. C．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. D．All of above. 18．Why don’t people talk to each other during the meal? A．They don’t know each other. B．They are busy in looking at their phones. C．They are unhappy. D．They are tired. 19．What changes have taken place according to the passage? ①Most families own computers.    ②The traffic is getting worse and worse. ③Some families have two or more cars.    ④There is more room for parking. A．①②④ B．②③④ C．①④ D．①②③ 20．From the passage, we can infer (推测) that ________. A．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. B．Mr. White is a worker. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. 【参考答案】16．B 17．D 18．B 19．D 20．C 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了当今社会中存在的一些问题。 【详情解析】 16．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mr. White thinks that life used to be simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot.”并结合全文可推知，怀特先生认为现在的生活比过去糟糕。故选B。 17．细节理解题。根据第一段“The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse, too.”和第二段“More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down...The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet.”可知，选项A、B和C中提到的事都在近几年发生了，故选D。 18．细节理解题。根据第二段“More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face to face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the ones who sit opposite to them during the meal. ”可知，人们在吃饭时互相不说话，是因为他们忙于看手机，故选B。 19．细节理解题。根据第一段“Some families even have two or more cars...The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse, too.”和第二段“Most families own computers now.”可知，大多数家庭都有了电脑、交通越来越糟糕和有些家庭有两辆或两辆以上的汽车是这些年发生的改变，故选D。 20．推理判断题。根据第二段“Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spend less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed another test.”可知，怀特先生的孙子常常熬夜上网，早上打瞌睡，花在学习上的时间变少了并且考试不及格，由此推断，怀特先生很担心他的孙子，故选C。 （五） Now many people still go to work and school on buses, trains and bikes. However, some people dream of a day when they can fly in the sky. In Singapore, a company (公司) has showed a flying taxi. If some people traveled in flying taxis, there would be fewer cars on the roads. It could be less crowded. In the 3d space (三维空间) of the sky, cars could move around each other without bridges or roads. The taxis could also take off and arrive on rooftops. That can save parking (停车) space on the ground (地面). And flying is fun. It’s cool to fly in the sky every day on the way to work. However, there are quite a few reasons why people don’t need flying cars. A famous scientist has a rocket company and a car company. It seems that he can make flying cars, but he said, “If the sky was full of flying cars, it would be noisier. Something might fall on people’s heads more easily. Those are not good things.” He thinks it’s much better to build lots of tunnels (隧道) underground. What do you think of it? Are flying cars or taxis a good idea? Shall we find other ways to solve the traffic (交通) problems? 21．Why did the writer write the first paragraph? A．To describe the traffic ways today. B．To talk about the traffic accidents (事故). C．To draw into the topic (主题) of flying cars. D．To show his care about ground-running cars. 22．What do the underlined words “on rooftops” mean in paragraph 2? A．In buildings. B．On buildings. C．Under the sea. D．Under the ground. 23．What can flying cars bring us according to the text? ① less pollution               ② more parking space ③ safer (更安全的) traffic      ④ light (畅通的) traffic      ⑤ more fun A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③⑤ D．②④⑤ 24．What is the scientist’s idea about the future? A．It’s better to develop (发展) underground traffic. B．He wants to make lots of flying cars. C．It’s difficult to solve the traffic problem. D．There will be less noise if we use flying cars. 25．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text? A．Some people dream of flying in the sky one day. B．The roads will be less crowded if some people can travel in flying cars. C．It’s necessary for flying cars to have bridges and roads in the 3d space of the sky. D．We haven’t found a good way to solve the traffic problems yet. 【参考答案】21．C 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种新型的飞行车。 【详情解析】 21．推理判断题。根据“However, some people dream of a day when they can fly in the sky.”及内容可知，是为了引入飞行车这个主题，故选C。 22．词义猜测题。根据“If some people traveled in flying taxis, there would be fewer cars on the roads. It could be less crowded. In the 3d space (三维空间) of the sky, cars could move around each other without bridges or roads. The taxis could also take off and arrive on rooftops. That can save parking (停车) space on the ground (地面).”可知，飞行车的出现可以减少地面的拥堵，它们起飞和降落都是在屋顶，故选B。 23．细节理解题。 根据“If the sky was full of flying cars, it would be noisier.”可知，飞行车会带来更多噪音，所以①错误，故排除A、C；根据“Something might fall on people’s heads more easily. Those are not good things.”及“And flying is fun. It’s cool to fly in the sky every day on the way to work.”可知，飞行车会很有趣，但有危险，所以③错误，⑤正确，排除B，故选D。 24．推理判断题。 根据“A famous scientist has a rocket company and a car company…He thinks it’s much better to build lots of tunnels (隧道) underground.”可知，科学家认为修建地下隧道是更好的，即：发展地下交通，故选A。 25．细节理解题。根据“In the 3d space (三维空间) of the sky, cars could move around each other without bridges or roads.”可知，在天空的三维空间中，汽车可以在没有桥梁和道路的情况下相互移动。因此选项C“对于飞行汽车来说，在天空的三维空间中架设桥梁和道路是必要的。”表述不正确。故选C。 （六） What will our world be like in 2050? We aren’t quite sure, but it’s interesting to make some predictions. Languages English should still be the most popular language, but Chinese should be the second. Now, many foreign people are studying Chinese as their second language. In the future, many other languages will disappear. People won’t use those languages any more. Water Water will become as expensive as oil (油), because there will be fewer rivers.. We will have to save water and pay more for clean water. Education and Science More students will study online. Students from all over the world may study together on the Internet. We may eat more genetically modified (转基因的) food. And more robots will be around us. Travel More people will travel in their own country. Traveling in different countries will be more expensive and will take more time. Traveling by bus, by ship or by train may become very popular. Of course, flying may be the most popular. 26．What does the underlined word (划线单词) “disappear” mean in Chinese? A．消失 B．繁荣 C．发现 27．Why will water become expensive? A．Because more people will need water. B．Because there will be more water pollution. C．Because there will be fewer rivers. 28．Students will study ________. A．with robots B．on the Internet C．in the classroom 29．Traveling ________ will be the most popular according to the writer. A．by plane B．by ship C．by train 30．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The life in 2050. B．Predictions about 2050. C．It’s interesting to make some predictions. 【参考答案】26．A 27．C 28．B 29．A 30．B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，预测了2050年人们的生活，包括语言、水资源、教育科学、旅行这4个方面。 【详情解析】 26．词句猜测题。根据Languages下内容“People won’t use those languages any more.”可知，人们不再使用那些语言，因此强调的是语言会消失，故disappear表示“消失”。故选A。 27．细节理解题。根据Water下内容“Water will become as expensive as oil (油), because there will be fewer rivers. ”可知，水变得很贵是因为河流变少了。故选C。 28．细节理解题。根据Education and Science下内容“More students will study online. Students from all over the world may study together on the Internet.”可知，学生将在互联网上学习。故选B。 29．细节理解题。根据Travel下内容“Of course, flying may be the most popular.”可知，乘坐飞机是最受欢迎的。故选A。 30．最佳标题题。根据通读全文，结合第一段内容“What will our world be like in 2050? We aren’t quite sure, but it’s interesting to make some predictions.”可知，本文主要预测了2050年人们的生活，包括语言、水资源、教育科学、旅行这4个方面。所以本文最佳的标题是“关于2050年的预测”。故选B。 （七） Many people like to travel during their vacations. Some people travel in tour groups because they think it is safe and cheap. A tour guide takes care of the group and makes sure the group can see a lot of interesting and beautiful sights. Other people like traveling alone or with friends. If you travel by yourself, you are free to see what you want to see. People travel for many reasons. Some people travel to learn more about other countries’ people, culture, food and languages. Some people travel for adventure (冒险). They want to do some different things, such as skiing, bungee jumping (蹦极) and mountain climbing. Other people like to shop when they travel. They look for new things or cheap ones. There are different ways to travel. Some people take trains, boats or buses, some fly, and others drive cars. Some people like to travel slowly and spend a long time in each place, while others like to take quick tours and visit more places in a short time. 31．What does “sights” mean in the first paragraph (段) in Chinese? A．视野 B．风景 C．视力 D．情景 32．Why do some people like traveling alone? A．Because they want to see interesting sights. B．Because they have different ways to travel. C．Because they want to be free to see what they want to see. D．Because they want to learn more about people from other countries. 33．According to the passage, people travel for their ________. A．time B．guides C．friends D．interest 34．Some people take quick tours because ________. A．they travel by car B．they like to visit many places in a short time C．they have a lot of time for traveling D．they want to spend a long time in each place 35．The best title (题目) for the passage is “________”. A．Going on a Vacation B．Traveling to another Country C．Why People Travel D．The Kinds of Travel 【参考答案】31．B 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．D 【语篇解读】本文讲述的是很多人在假期中喜欢去旅行，但是他们旅行的原因是不同的，有的人是为了了解一个国家，有的人是为了冒险，还有的人喜欢购物．人们旅行的方式也不一样。 【详情解析】 31．词义猜测题。根据“makes sure the group can see a lot of interesting and beautiful sights”可知，确保团队的人可以看到很多有趣和美丽的风景，划线单词表示“风景”，故选B。 32．细节理解题。根据“If you travel by yourself, you are free to see what you want to see.”可知，因为他们想自由地看他们想看的东西，故选C。 33．推理判断题。根据第二段的内容可知，有些人旅行是为了更多地了解其他国家的人民、文化、食物和语言。有些人旅行是为了冒险，还有一些人喜欢在旅行时购物，由此可知，人们旅游是为了他们的兴趣，故选D。 34．细节理解题。根据“while others like to take quick tours and visit more places in a short time”可知，一些人则喜欢快速旅游，可以在短时间内参观更多的地方，故选B。 35．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文讲述的是很多人在假期中喜欢去旅行，但是他们旅行的原因是不同的，有的人是为了了解一个国家，有的人是为了冒险，还有的人喜欢购物．人们旅行的方式也不一样，所以D选项“旅行的种类”适合本文的标题，故选D。 （八） AI (人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see the wonderful AI. Cool driverless bus A bus door opens and you get on. Wait! Where is the driver? Here is a new kind of driverless bus called Apolong. It has 14 seats and doesn’t need a driver. The bus follows traffic rules. It stops as soon as it sees a stop light. Your close friend Hi, everyone. I’m Xiaobing, a chatbot (聊天机器人). I speak like a 17-year-old girl. If you feel lonely, you can talk with me. I’m talented in singing, writing poems (诗) and telling stories, I want to be your friend! World’s first AI anchor (主播) Hey, look! The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news for us. But, is “he” really Qiu Hao? The answer is “no”. This is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It can work 24 hours and doesn’t make any mistakes. You might see it on TV soon. Popular AI artist This beautiful painting was at an auction (拍卖) in 2020. The painting is worth (值) about 3, 000, 000 yuan! But it is not a work by a famous painter, such as Vincent van Gogh. It was painted by an AI artist. Three Frenchmen created the AI artist. It studied over 15,000 paintings. In this way, it learned to paint. 36．The fact about Apolong is that ________. A．the bus door can’t open itself B．it stops as soon as it sees a stop light C．there are 24 seats in it D．it doesn’t follow the traffic rules 37．Xiaobing can NOT ________. A．make a banana milk shake B．talk with you if you feel lonely C．tell stories D．be your friend 38．According to the passage, the painting ________. A．was at an auction in 2002 B．is worth about 3, 000, 000 yuan at an auction C．is a work painted by Vincent van Gogh D．was studied by three French artists over 15, 000 times 39．What can we learn from the passage? A．AI makes our lives harder and worse. B．This new kind of driverless bus also needs a driver to control it. C．Xiaobing is a 17-year-old girl. D．The AI anchor can work 24 hours and doesn’t make any mistakes. 40．Where might the passage be from? A．A storybook. B．A sitcom. C．A newspaper. D．A dictionary. 【参考答案】36．B 37．A 38．B 39．D 40．C 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了一些人工智能产品，人工智能使我们的生活更加便捷。 【详情解析】 36．细节理解题。根据“The bus follows traffic rules. It stops as soon as it sees a stop light.”这辆无人驾驶的Apolong会遵守交通规则，看到红灯时会停下来。故选B。 37．细节理解题。根据“If you feel lonely, you can talk with me. I’m talented at singing , writing poems and telling stories. I want to be your friend!”可知，它会在你感到孤独时和你谈话、会唱歌、写诗和讲故事并且会成为你的朋友。所以说小兵不会制作香蕉奶昔。故选A。 38．细节理解题。根据“This beautiful painting was at an auction in 2020. The painting is worth about 3, 000,000 yuan!”可知，这幅画在拍卖会上值300万元。故选B。 39．推理判断题。根据“It can work 24 hours and doesn’t make any mistakes.”可知，AI 主播能工作24小时，并且不会犯错误。故选D。 40．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍的是人工智能产品。所以应该能在报纸上看到这篇文章。故选C。 （九） When you are sad, you need to find ways to deal with your sadness. When you learn how to deal with your sadness, you’ll find your own happiness. Accept your sadness. It’s not a bad thing to feel sad. Try to face what is making you feel sad. And don’t believe it will just disappear by itself. Speak about your sadness. You don’t have to tell everybody everything, but it is nice to talk to your friends or family about your feelings. You may not need him or her to say a word. Just having someone listen to you is enough sometimes. Put your sadness into written words. Write down how you are feeling every day and why you think you are feeling this way. Write down how you deal with your sadness and which way works. Take part in activities. You can read a good book, listen to music, exercise or take a walk outside. These can help you feel comfortable and forget your sadness. See a doctor. If your sadness starts to interfere (干扰) with your everyday life seriously, you should ask your doctor for help. 41．According to the writer, we must make sure ________ when we speak about our sadness. A．our friends speak a lot B．we tell everybody everything C．someone listens to us D．we only talk to our family members 42．The writer advises us to ________ every day. A．read a good book B．write down how we are feeling C．take a walk outside D．write down why some ways work 43．We should ________ if our everyday life is seriously influenced. A．take exercise B．accept our sadness C．listen to music D．see a doctor 44．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 45．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to Deal With Sadness B．How to Find Happiness C．How to Become Popular D．How to Deal With Shyness 【参考答案】41．C 42．B 43．D 44．B 45．A 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了几种处理悲伤的方法。 【详情解析】 41．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“You may not need him or her to say a word. Just having someone listen to you is enough sometimes.” 可知，当你说伤心事时要保证有人在听。故选C。 42．细节理解题。根据第四段“Write down how you are feeling every day”可知，作者建议每天写下自己的感觉。故选B。 43．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If your sadness starts to...ask your doctor for help.”可知，如果你的悲伤开始严重影响你的日常生活，你应该向你的医生寻求帮助。故选D。 44．篇章结构题。本文第一段引出话题，讲述如何处理悲伤。从第二段到第六段给出了五种不同的处理悲伤的具体方法，所以本文是总分结构。故选B。 45．最佳标题。本文第一段讲述如何处理悲伤，从第二段到第六段给出了五种不同的处理悲伤的具体方法，所以最佳标题应该是“如何处理悲伤”。故选A。 （十） If a person wants to be a gentleman (君子), he should pay attention to what he does and says. Then what are the rules for a gentleman on words and actions? Let’s find out the answers from Confucius, one of the greatest teachers in ancient China. In the West, some people believe that how someone says something is more important than what he says. However, Confucius didn’t think so. He believed that gentlemen should choose their words carefully, even if that may make people feel bored. Confucius believed that words are important so they should follow etiquette (规矩). But he also put forward his idea of what gentlemen should do: work hard. He said that gentlemen should not be lazy and need to focus (集中注意力) on their work to improve themselves. These rules for gentlemen’s words and actions have influenced Chinese people for a long time. Today, many Chinese people still prefer to have a practical (务实的) spirit rather than saying pleasant words. Of course, as culture has developed over time, we should also view (看待) his words critically (批判性地). Choosing our words and actions according to the situation is also a form of wisdom (智慧). 46．Which of the following picture is the photo of Confucius? A． B． C． D． 47．What is more important for Westerners (西方人)? A．What to say. B．How to say. C．When to say. D．Where to say. 48．Which of the following the Confucius’s idea? A．Words are more important than actions. B．We shouldn’t say anything that may make others feel bored. C．Gentlemen should work hard to improve themselves. D．Actions are more important than words. 49．Which of the following statement is TRUE? A．Gentlemen pay more attention to actions than words. B．The ideas of Confucius haven’t influenced Chinese. C．We should believe Confucius’ ideas all the time. D．Chinese prefer to have a practical spirit. 50．What’s the article about? A．Health. B．Sports. C．Nature. D．Culture. 【参考答案】46．A 47．B 48．C 49．D 50．D 【语篇解读】本文讨论了成为绅士的言行准则，引用了孔子的观点，强调谨慎选择言辞和勤奋努力的重要性。 【详情解析】 46．推理判断题。根据“Let’s find out the answers from Confucius, one of the greatest teachers in ancient China.”及常识可知，孔子是中国古代最伟大的老师之一，所以图片A为孔子，故选A。 47．细节理解题。根据文中“In the West, some people believe that how someone says something is more important than what he says.”可知，在西方，一些人认为一个人说话的方式比他说什么更重要，故选B。 48．细节理解题。根据文中“He said that gentlemen should not be lazy and need to focus (集中注意力) on their work to improve themselves.”可知，孔子认为绅士们应该努力提高自己，故选C。 49．细节理解题。根据文中“Today, many Chinese people still prefer to have a practical (务实的) spirit rather than saying pleasant words.”可知，许多中国人仍然喜欢有一种务实的精神，而不是说好听的话，故选D。 50．推理判断题。本文讨论了成为绅士的言行准则，引用了孔子的观点，强调谨慎选择言辞和勤奋努力的重要性，所以这篇文章是关于文化的，故选D。 （十一） Riding a bike on the street, maybe you can hear some people speaking Chinese. Turning right, you see a Sichuan-style restaurant. After walking into a store, you see the Huawei smart phones are on sale. But you’re not in China, you are in London. In fact, you can see many things like this in many other places. Chinese products (产品) are becoming popular all over the world. Chinese foods are popular in western (西方的) countries for a long time. To meet people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes. Some Chinese brands (品牌) are also becoming more popular. In many countries, shops sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers. In the past, most western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable (不可靠的). But now, things have changed greatly. More people trust Chinese brands. “Made in China” becomes cool. 51．The purpose (目的) of paragraph (段落) 1 is to show _________. A．science has changed people’s lives B．how Chinese people live in the world C．Chinese products are becoming popular D．how people speak Chinese in other countries 52．To meet people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants _________. A．cut the prices of the dishes B．make some changes to the dishes C．provide big pieces of meat with bones D．only buy metal and vegetables from China 53．How many Chinese brands are mentioned (提到) in paragraph 3? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 54．The underlined word “trust” means _________ in Chinese. A．信任 B．委托 C．存放 D．依靠 55．Which of the following is TRUE according to the article? A．In other countries, few people speak Chinese. B．You can’t buy smart phones in other countries. C．“Made in China” is reliable and cool now. D．Chinese products are very cheap now. 【参考答案】51．C 52．B 53．B 54．A 55．C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国产品几乎遍及世界各地，带有中国元素的产品受到了各国的欢迎，越来越多的人选择中国品牌。 【详情解析】 51．细节理解题。根据“After walking into a store, you see that Huawei smart phones are on sale.”和“Chinese products (产品) are becoming popular all over the world.”可知，第一段的目的是表明中国产品越来越受欢迎。故选C。 52．细节理解题。根据文中“To meet people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes.”可知，为了满足当地人的口味，中国餐馆对菜肴做出了一些改变。故选B。 53． 细节理解题。根据“Some Chinese brands (品牌) are also becoming more popular. In many countries, shops sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers.”可知，提到了3个中国品牌：TCL电视、海尔冰箱以及联想电脑。故选B。 54． 词义猜测题。根据“In the past, most western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable (不可靠的). But now, things have changed greatly.”以及下文“‘Made in China’ become cool.”可以推知，更多的人信任中国品牌。因此trust是“信任”的意思。故选A。 55． 细节理解题。根据“More people trust Chinese brands. ‘Made in China” become cool.’”可知，“中国制造”现在既可靠又酷。故选C。 （十二） If you have a smart phone (智能手机), the Internet is always with you. You can use the Internet for shopping, learning and chatting with your friends and so on. But the Internet can also be a dangerous place. So you must be careful. Keep your personal information. First, don’t share too much of your personal information on the Internet. For example, don’t send your phone number or number of a bank account (账号). Be careful what you say on the Internet. Second, you can’t let everyone see your everything. Finally, be careful of new people. Don’t believe them exactly (完全地). Some of them are dishonest (不诚实的). They usually use the Internet to try to get money by cheating (欺骗). The Internet is a good way to meet new people, but be careful. It is important for us to control our information. It is very important for us to be honest. Don’t post other people’s pictures. Don’t hurt others. It’s also smart to keep away from fights on the Internet. Don’t answer rude (无礼的) messages and so on. In this way we can have a better Internet place. 56．According to the passage, when you have a ________, you can use the Internet at any time. A．card B．computer C．television D．smart phone 57．You want to control your information well, you shouldn’t ________. A．share too much B．use your smart phone often C．close your computer often D．believe new people 58．The underlined words “what you say” mean ________ in Chinese. A．你说什么 B．你是说 C．你说的话 D．你做的事 59．How many suggestions does the writer make to protect personal information? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 60．To make the Internet a better place, we should ________. A．send some pictures B．answer all messages C．ask everyone for advice D．be an honest person 【参考答案】56．D 57．A 58．C 59．B 60．D 【语篇解读】本文是作者就如何安全地使用网络给的一些建议。 【详情解析】 56．细节理解题。根据“If you have a smart phone (智能手机), the Internet is always with you.”可知，当你有了智能手机，你可以随时上网。故选D。 57．细节理解题。根据“First, don’t share too much of your personal information on the Internet.”可知，想要保护你的个人信息，你不应该在网上分享太多。故选A。 58．词句猜测题。根据“Be careful what you say on the Internet.”可知，小心你在网上说的话；“what you say”表示“你说的话”。故选C。 59．细节理解题。根据“First, don’t share too much of your personal information on the Internet. ... Second, you can’t let everyone see your everything. Finally, be careful of new people.”可知，一共给出了三点建议。故选B。 60．细节理解题。根据“It is very important for us to be honest. ... In this way we can have a better Internet place.”可知，为了让互联网变得更好，我们应该做一个诚实的人。故选D。 （十三） Usually before an earthquake happens, people don’t know it is on the way. And these earthquakes are very dangerous. In fact, earthquakes kill more people than snowstorms and rainstorms every year. So scientists are always looking for ways to predict earthquakes. Now they can predict the earthquake, but it is not always right every time. And scientist can say that an earthquake is possible to happen in some place, but they can’t predict the right place or time. And they can not tell how strong the earthquake will be. How do scientists make these guesses? First, scientists make sure which place the big earthquake will strike by studying the earth plates (板块). Second, to help predict earthquakes, scientists study history of the areas where earthquakes happened. Studying the history can also help in another way. Scientists can guess how often an earthquake may happen in this area. Last, scientists watch rocks under the surface for months. When rocks break, earthquakes happen. And scientists also watch the water level to predict an earthquake. Scientists hope that one day we can have earthquake warnings. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 61．Which of the following kills the most people every year? A．Snowstorms. B．Rainstorms. C．Earthquakes. D．Animals 62．What can scientists guess about earthquake now? A．An earthquake may happen in some place. B．An earthquake happens in the right place. C．An earthquake happens at the right time. D．An earthquake warning. 63．What does the underlined word “predict” mean in Chinese in the passage? A．降低 B．预测 C．防止 D．制止 64．What happens to rocks under the surface when earthquakes happen? A．Rocks under the surface change. B．Rocks under the surface move. C．Rocks under the surface break. D．Rocks under the surface shake. 65．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Studying the history of areas can’t help scientists to predict the earthquake. B．Scientists can know earthquakes by watching the rocks on the earth. C．Scientists can’t predict an earthquake by watching the water level. D．Now sometimes scientists can’t tell people the right information about the earthquakes. 【参考答案】61．C 62．A 63．B 64．C 65．D 【语篇解读】本文讲述了地震频发的当下，科学家如何预测地震的未来。 【详情解析】 61．细节理解题。根据“In fact, earthquakes kill more people than snowstorms and rainstorms every year.”可知，每年死于地震的人比死于暴风雪和暴雨的人还多，所以地震每年造成的死亡最多。故选C。 62．细节理解题。根据“And scientist can say that an earthquake is possible to happen in some place”可知，科学家可以说地震可能发生在某个地方，故选A。 63．词句猜测题。根据“How do scientists make these guesses?”及第二段可知，本段是讲科学家对地震的预测，预测地震发生的时间、地点，所以划线单词表示“预测”。故选B。 64．细节理解题。根据“When rocks break, earthquakes happen.”可知，当岩石破裂时，就会发生地震。故选C。 65．推理判断题。根据“And scientist can say that an earthquake is possible to happen in some place, but they can’t predict the right place or time. And they can not tell how strong the earthquake will be.”可知，科学家可以说地震可能发生在某个地方，但他们无法预测正确的地点或时间，也不知道地震会有多强烈。选项D“现在，有时科学家不能告诉人们有关地震的正确信息”表述正确。故选D。 （十四） Everyone in the world needs water. Water is very precious (珍贵的) to everybody. You should also know the following facts about water. There is about the same amount of water on the earth now as there was millions of years ago. Nearly 97% of all the world’s water is salty or undrinkable. Another 2% is ice. Then there only leaves 1% for the people to use directly. Water regulates (调节) the earth’s temperature from time to time. It also regulates the temperature of the human body! More water is used in the bathroom than any other place at home. A dripping faucet (水龙头) can waste up to 7,570 kilograms of water a year. Does it sound amazing to you? ______________ You should know that whether at home or at school, you can do things like these to save water: ●Take shorter showers. ●Repair dripping faucets in time. ●Don’t keep the water running while you’re washing dishes. ●Turn off the water in your bathroom while you brush your teeth. Why not save water from now on? Let’s take actions! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 66．How does the writer start writing this passage? A．By raising a question. B．By showing a fact. C．By using an example. D．By listing numbers. 67．How much water on the earth can people use directly? A．1% of the world’s water. B．2% of the world’s water. C．70% of the world’s water. D．97% of the world’s water. 68．According to the passage, where do people use the most water at home? A．In the kitchen. B．In the bathroom. C．On the balcony (阳台). D．At the dining room. 69．Which sentence is the best for the missing part in Paragraph 6? A．Why not help to save water? B．Do you know much about water? C．Is the water in your home clean enough? D．How much water do you drink every day? 70．What does the writer mainly want to tell us in this passage? A．The reason for using less water. B．The knowledge of protecting the earth. C．The things people can do to save water. D．The importance of water and how to save it. 【参考答案】66．B 67．A 68．B 69．A 70．D 【语篇解读】本文关注的是环保问题，作者介绍了水资源的重要性，给出了几点节约用水的建议。 【详情解析】 66．细节理解题。根据“Everyone in the world needs water. Water is very precious (珍贵的) to everybody”可知，第一段以陈述事实开始的，故选B。 67．细节理解题。根据“Then there only leaves 1% for the people to use directly.”可知，只剩下1%供人们直接使用，故选A。 68．细节理解题。根据“More water is used in the bathroom than any other place at home”可知，浴室的用水量比家里其他任何地方都要多，故选B。 69．推理判断题。根据“You should know that whether at home or at school, you can do things like these to save water:”可知，此处应是提出了要节约用水，A选项“为什么不帮助节约用水呢”符合，故选A。 70．主旨大意题。根据“You should also know the following facts about water.”以及“You should know that whether at home or at school, you can do things like these to save water:”可知，本文介绍了水资源的重要性，给出了几点节约用水的建议，故选D。 （十五） Do you know AI? It’s the short form of artificial intelligence. With the development of AI, our life is becoming easier and easier. AI has plenty of good points that are very useful to people. First, AI can help humans to do dangerous work so that it can prevent humans from danger. What’s more, AI can help humans to do boring work. And we can have more free time to do what we love to do. Humans are productive (富有成效的) only about 3 to 4 hours in a day. Humans also need breaks after work. But AI can work endlessly without breaks. AI can also change other languages into Chinese so that we can travel around the world and talk with people from other countries without learning the languages of their countries. Thirdly, it can make fewer errors (失误) and increase accuracy (精度). An example of it is the use of robotic surgery (外科手术) systems, making lower risk of human errors and improving patient safety in healthcare. However, AI has something bad as well. The creation of AI needs huge costs. Many people will lose their jobs because of AI. AI is making humans lazier and lazier. In a word, AI makes human progress (进步) and our life can be much more colorful with AI. 71．How long are humans productive in a day according to the text? A．Only one hour. B．More than 8 hours. C．About ten hours. D．About 3 to 4 hours. 72．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A．AI can help humans do much work without a break. B．We need to learn foreign languages if we travel to foreign countries. C．AI can help humans finish the work in three to four hours. D．AI is productive while humans aren’t. 73．What kind of example does the writer use about making fewer errors and increasing accuracy? A．Robotic surgery systems. B．Language learning. C．Doing boring work. D．Traveling around the world. 74．What is the writing purpose (目的) of Paragraph 5? A．Many people will find jobs. B．AI costs less money. C．AI also has something bad. D．Humans aren’t needed any more. 75．What's the structure (结构) of the text? A． B． C． D． 【参考答案】71．D 72．A 73．A 74．C 75．A 【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了人工智能对人类生活的影响。 【详情解析】 71．细节理解题。根据“Humans are productive (富有成效的) only about 3 to 4 hours in a day.”可知，人类一天只需3到4小时。故选D。 72．主旨大意题。通读第三段并根据“What’s more, AI can help humans to do boring work”以及“But AI can work endlessly without breaks.”可知，第三段主要讲了人工智能可以帮助人类不间断地做很多工作。故选A。 73．细节理解题。根据“Thirdly, it can make fewer errors (失误) and increase accuracy (精度). An example of it is the use of robotic surgery (外科手术) systems,”可知，作者举了外科手术系统的例子来说明人工智能的精准。故选A。 74．主旨大意题。通读第五段并根据“However, AI has something bad as well.”可知，第五段主要讲了人工智能也有不好的一面。故选C。 75．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文第一段提出人工智能对人类生活有影响这个话题；第二至五段介绍了它的好处和坏处；第六段进行总结。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年八年级上期期末考点大串讲（人教版） 专题05 阅读理解之说明文（15篇） （一） Dear Lisa, It happened again this morning. My neighbor threw rubbish (扔垃圾) into my garden. It was the fourth time. I was so angry. Yesterday I threw it back into their garden, but it didn’t make any difference. I don’t know why they did that. They are new here. I don’t really want to argue (争吵) with them. In fact, I would like to be friends with them. What should I do? Yours,                                                                   Amy Dear Amy, I understand how upset you feel. I think you should go and say hello to them. Why don’t you invite them to your place to take a cup of coffee? If you do this, they will be glad. Then you can talk about the rubbish with them. They will not do the same thing. Do you think so? I’m looking forward to your good news. Yours, Lisa 1．Amy felt ________ because of what her neighbor did. A．angry B．thankful C．sad D．glad 2．Amy wanted to ________ her neighbor. A．say hello to B．hang out with C．argue with D．make friends with 3．Lisa is trying to ________. A．teach Amy how to throw rubbish B．help Amy solve her problem C．invite Amy for a cup of coffee D．ask Amy to help clean her garden 4．What does the “good news” refer to (涉及)? A．Amy makes her garden clean again. B．Amy makes her neighbor move away. C．Amy invites her neighbor to her party. D．Amy gets on well with (与……相处得好) her neighbor. 5．What can we learn from the material (材料)? A．Lisa is Amy’s best neighbor. B．Lisa has a beautiful garden. C．Lisa advises Amy to be friendly to her neighbor. D．Amy is new to her place. （二） Everybody likes parties. Do you want to be popular at the party? Now please remember these pieces of advice. *Bring a small gift. When you go to a dinner party, it’s a good idea to bring a small gift. Flowers are always nice and welcome. You can also bring a box of chocolate or a bottle of wine(葡萄酒). You don’t need to bring expensive gifts. *You should arrive on time. Don’t be late for the party. If you can’t catch the bus and you maybe late for the party, remember to give the host or the hostess a call. *________ Don’t be nervous (紧张的). Keep a good feeling from beginning to end. If you don’t know how to use the fork and knife, don’t worry about it. You can watch other people and follow them. *Don’t forget to thank the host and the hostess. Before you leave the party, say thanks to the host and the hostess. If you like the dishes, speak out. The host and the hostess will be pleased to know that. 6．From the passage (段落), we know if you go to a dinner party, you can bring some things EXCEPT (除了) ________. A．flowers B．chocolate C．wine D．a watch 7．What can you do if you may be late for the party? A．Go back home. B．Telephone the host or the hostess. C．Send an e-mail to the host. D．Wait for another bus. 8．Which of the following can you put in ________? A．Ask others to teach you. B．Learn from a video. C．Try to be relaxed at the dinner table. D．Use chopsticks. 9．The underlined word “pleased” means “________”. A．happy B．sad C．relaxed D．upset 10．The passage is about ________. A．different kinds of parties B．how to be popular at the party C．the best time to have a party D．the best gift for the host and hostess （三） There is a famous saying, “Knowing is half the battle (战斗).” If that’s true, the other half must be doing. What’s more, the other half is more important. But what happens if you have a goal (目标) in mind, know everything you need to do to achieve (实现) that goal, and then do nothing about it? “Recently work in cognitive science (认知科学) has showed that knowing is just a little part of the battle for most real-world decisions,” scientist Laurie Santas and Tamar Gendler wrote for Edge.org. In other words, knowing something isn’t enough to drive us to change (改变). There are some steps you can take to help you turn your “knowing” into “doing”. First, you should write your goals down, whether you want to improve your study habits, eat more healthily, or get more sleep. Next, break down your goals so that they are easier for you to finish. Taking small steps to achieve your goals will help encourage (鼓励) you to keep on and finish more of these small goals. Finally, find someone you can share your progress (进步) with. Having a friend, or family member can help to keep you in check (约束) to make sure you get all of the things you need. 11．How does the writer begin his article? A．By describing the fact. B．By answering a question. C．By telling a saying. D．By giving an example. 12．What’s the first thing you should do to turn “knowing” into “doing”? A．To write down your goals. B．To break down your goals. C．To ask others for help. D．To share your goals with others. 13．What does “break down” most probably mean in Chinese? A．改变 B．管理 C．实现 D．分解 14．How many steps are there to turn “knowing” into “doing”? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four. 15．In which part of a newspaper can you read the passage? A．Science. B．Education. C．Health. D．Sports. （四） Now cities are full of cars. Some families even have two or more cars, so parking is becoming a big problem. The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse, too. Car drivers drive so fast that there are more traffic accidents. More and more people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. Mr. White often sees people in the restaurant eating face to face while looking at their own mobile phones. He thinks it is strange that they don’t talk to the ones who sit opposite to them during the meal. Some of them even have fun chatting with others on the phone. Most families own computers now. A study found that children use the Internet more and more. The number of children using the Internet has grown by three times in the past three years. Mr. White’s grandson is a middle school student. He often stays up late playing computer games on the Internet. He falls asleep in the early hours of the morning and spend less time doing homework. His teacher told Mr. White that his grandson failed another test. Mr. White got very angry with him. Mr. White thinks that life used to be simple and happy, but now it has changed a lot. 16．What does Mr. White think of the life now? A．He thinks the life now is very good. B．He thinks the life now is worse than it used to be. C．He thinks the life now is better than it used to be. D．He thinks the life is the same as it used to be. 17．What has happened these years according to the passage? A．Children often stay up late playing computer games on the Internet. B．people are always looking at their mobile phones with their heads down. C．The traffic in some cities is getting worse and worse. D．All of above. 18．Why don’t people talk to each other during the meal? A．They don’t know each other. B．They are busy in looking at their phones. C．They are unhappy. D．They are tired. 19．What changes have taken place according to the passage? ①Most families own computers.    ②The traffic is getting worse and worse. ③Some families have two or more cars.    ④There is more room for parking. A．①②④ B．②③④ C．①④ D．①②③ 20．From the passage, we can infer (推测) that ________. A．Mr. White’s grandson is not interested in the Internet. B．Mr. White is a worker. C．Mr. White is worried about his grandson. D．Mr. White likes today’s life more than that of the old days. （五） Now many people still go to work and school on buses, trains and bikes. However, some people dream of a day when they can fly in the sky. In Singapore, a company (公司) has showed a flying taxi. If some people traveled in flying taxis, there would be fewer cars on the roads. It could be less crowded. In the 3d space (三维空间) of the sky, cars could move around each other without bridges or roads. The taxis could also take off and arrive on rooftops. That can save parking (停车) space on the ground (地面). And flying is fun. It’s cool to fly in the sky every day on the way to work. However, there are quite a few reasons why people don’t need flying cars. A famous scientist has a rocket company and a car company. It seems that he can make flying cars, but he said, “If the sky was full of flying cars, it would be noisier. Something might fall on people’s heads more easily. Those are not good things.” He thinks it’s much better to build lots of tunnels (隧道) underground. What do you think of it? Are flying cars or taxis a good idea? Shall we find other ways to solve the traffic (交通) problems? 21．Why did the writer write the first paragraph? A．To describe the traffic ways today. B．To talk about the traffic accidents (事故). C．To draw into the topic (主题) of flying cars. D．To show his care about ground-running cars. 22．What do the underlined words “on rooftops” mean in paragraph 2? A．In buildings. B．On buildings. C．Under the sea. D．Under the ground. 23．What can flying cars bring us according to the text? ① less pollution               ② more parking space ③ safer (更安全的) traffic      ④ light (畅通的) traffic      ⑤ more fun A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③⑤ D．②④⑤ 24．What is the scientist’s idea about the future? A．It’s better to develop (发展) underground traffic. B．He wants to make lots of flying cars. C．It’s difficult to solve the traffic problem. D．There will be less noise if we use flying cars. 25．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text? A．Some people dream of flying in the sky one day. B．The roads will be less crowded if some people can travel in flying cars. C．It’s necessary for flying cars to have bridges and roads in the 3d space of the sky. D．We haven’t found a good way to solve the traffic problems yet. （六） What will our world be like in 2050? We aren’t quite sure, but it’s interesting to make some predictions. Languages English should still be the most popular language, but Chinese should be the second. Now, many foreign people are studying Chinese as their second language. In the future, many other languages will disappear. People won’t use those languages any more. Water Water will become as expensive as oil (油), because there will be fewer rivers.. We will have to save water and pay more for clean water. Education and Science More students will study online. Students from all over the world may study together on the Internet. We may eat more genetically modified (转基因的) food. And more robots will be around us. Travel More people will travel in their own country. Traveling in different countries will be more expensive and will take more time. Traveling by bus, by ship or by train may become very popular. Of course, flying may be the most popular. 26．What does the underlined word (划线单词) “disappear” mean in Chinese? A．消失 B．繁荣 C．发现 27．Why will water become expensive? A．Because more people will need water. B．Because there will be more water pollution. C．Because there will be fewer rivers. 28．Students will study ________. A．with robots B．on the Internet C．in the classroom 29．Traveling ________ will be the most popular according to the writer. A．by plane B．by ship C．by train 30．What’s the best title for the passage? A．The life in 2050. B．Predictions about 2050. C．It’s interesting to make some predictions. （七） Many people like to travel during their vacations. Some people travel in tour groups because they think it is safe and cheap. A tour guide takes care of the group and makes sure the group can see a lot of interesting and beautiful sights. Other people like traveling alone or with friends. If you travel by yourself, you are free to see what you want to see. People travel for many reasons. Some people travel to learn more about other countries’ people, culture, food and languages. Some people travel for adventure (冒险). They want to do some different things, such as skiing, bungee jumping (蹦极) and mountain climbing. Other people like to shop when they travel. They look for new things or cheap ones. There are different ways to travel. Some people take trains, boats or buses, some fly, and others drive cars. Some people like to travel slowly and spend a long time in each place, while others like to take quick tours and visit more places in a short time. 31．What does “sights” mean in the first paragraph (段) in Chinese? A．视野 B．风景 C．视力 D．情景 32．Why do some people like traveling alone? A．Because they want to see interesting sights. B．Because they have different ways to travel. C．Because they want to be free to see what they want to see. D．Because they want to learn more about people from other countries. 33．According to the passage, people travel for their ________. A．time B．guides C．friends D．interest 34．Some people take quick tours because ________. A．they travel by car B．they like to visit many places in a short time C．they have a lot of time for traveling D．they want to spend a long time in each place 35．The best title (题目) for the passage is “________”. A．Going on a Vacation B．Traveling to another Country C．Why People Travel D．The Kinds of Travel （八） AI (人工智能) makes our lives easier and better. Let’s see the wonderful AI. Cool driverless bus A bus door opens and you get on. Wait! Where is the driver? Here is a new kind of driverless bus called Apolong. It has 14 seats and doesn’t need a driver. The bus follows traffic rules. It stops as soon as it sees a stop light. Your close friend Hi, everyone. I’m Xiaobing, a chatbot (聊天机器人). I speak like a 17-year-old girl. If you feel lonely, you can talk with me. I’m talented in singing, writing poems (诗) and telling stories, I want to be your friend! World’s first AI anchor (主播) Hey, look! The famous Chinese anchor Qiu Hao is reporting the news for us. But, is “he” really Qiu Hao? The answer is “no”. This is the world’s first AI anchor. It looks and speaks just like a real person. It can work 24 hours and doesn’t make any mistakes. You might see it on TV soon. Popular AI artist This beautiful painting was at an auction (拍卖) in 2020. The painting is worth (值) about 3, 000, 000 yuan! But it is not a work by a famous painter, such as Vincent van Gogh. It was painted by an AI artist. Three Frenchmen created the AI artist. It studied over 15,000 paintings. In this way, it learned to paint. 36．The fact about Apolong is that ________. A．the bus door can’t open itself B．it stops as soon as it sees a stop light C．there are 24 seats in it D．it doesn’t follow the traffic rules 37．Xiaobing can NOT ________. A．make a banana milk shake B．talk with you if you feel lonely C．tell stories D．be your friend 38．According to the passage, the painting ________. A．was at an auction in 2002 B．is worth about 3, 000, 000 yuan at an auction C．is a work painted by Vincent van Gogh D．was studied by three French artists over 15, 000 times 39．What can we learn from the passage? A．AI makes our lives harder and worse. B．This new kind of driverless bus also needs a driver to control it. C．Xiaobing is a 17-year-old girl. D．The AI anchor can work 24 hours and doesn’t make any mistakes. 40．Where might the passage be from? A．A storybook. B．A sitcom. C．A newspaper. D．A dictionary. （九） When you are sad, you need to find ways to deal with your sadness. When you learn how to deal with your sadness, you’ll find your own happiness. Accept your sadness. It’s not a bad thing to feel sad. Try to face what is making you feel sad. And don’t believe it will just disappear by itself. Speak about your sadness. You don’t have to tell everybody everything, but it is nice to talk to your friends or family about your feelings. You may not need him or her to say a word. Just having someone listen to you is enough sometimes. Put your sadness into written words. Write down how you are feeling every day and why you think you are feeling this way. Write down how you deal with your sadness and which way works. Take part in activities. You can read a good book, listen to music, exercise or take a walk outside. These can help you feel comfortable and forget your sadness. See a doctor. If your sadness starts to interfere (干扰) with your everyday life seriously, you should ask your doctor for help. 41．According to the writer, we must make sure ________ when we speak about our sadness. A．our friends speak a lot B．we tell everybody everything C．someone listens to us D．we only talk to our family members 42．The writer advises us to ________ every day. A．read a good book B．write down how we are feeling C．take a walk outside D．write down why some ways work 43．We should ________ if our everyday life is seriously influenced. A．take exercise B．accept our sadness C．listen to music D．see a doctor 44．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 45．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to Deal With Sadness B．How to Find Happiness C．How to Become Popular D．How to Deal With Shyness （十） If a person wants to be a gentleman (君子), he should pay attention to what he does and says. Then what are the rules for a gentleman on words and actions? Let’s find out the answers from Confucius, one of the greatest teachers in ancient China. In the West, some people believe that how someone says something is more important than what he says. However, Confucius didn’t think so. He believed that gentlemen should choose their words carefully, even if that may make people feel bored. Confucius believed that words are important so they should follow etiquette (规矩). But he also put forward his idea of what gentlemen should do: work hard. He said that gentlemen should not be lazy and need to focus (集中注意力) on their work to improve themselves. These rules for gentlemen’s words and actions have influenced Chinese people for a long time. Today, many Chinese people still prefer to have a practical (务实的) spirit rather than saying pleasant words. Of course, as culture has developed over time, we should also view (看待) his words critically (批判性地). Choosing our words and actions according to the situation is also a form of wisdom (智慧). 46．Which of the following picture is the photo of Confucius? A． B． C． D． 47．What is more important for Westerners (西方人)? A．What to say. B．How to say. C．When to say. D．Where to say. 48．Which of the following the Confucius’s idea? A．Words are more important than actions. B．We shouldn’t say anything that may make others feel bored. C．Gentlemen should work hard to improve themselves. D．Actions are more important than words. 49．Which of the following statement is TRUE? A．Gentlemen pay more attention to actions than words. B．The ideas of Confucius haven’t influenced Chinese. C．We should believe Confucius’ ideas all the time. D．Chinese prefer to have a practical spirit. 50．What’s the article about? A．Health. B．Sports. C．Nature. D．Culture. （十一） Riding a bike on the street, maybe you can hear some people speaking Chinese. Turning right, you see a Sichuan-style restaurant. After walking into a store, you see the Huawei smart phones are on sale. But you’re not in China, you are in London. In fact, you can see many things like this in many other places. Chinese products (产品) are becoming popular all over the world. Chinese foods are popular in western (西方的) countries for a long time. To meet people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes. Some Chinese brands (品牌) are also becoming more popular. In many countries, shops sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers. In the past, most western people thought Chinese products were cheap and unreliable (不可靠的). But now, things have changed greatly. More people trust Chinese brands. “Made in China” becomes cool. 51．The purpose (目的) of paragraph (段落) 1 is to show _________. A．science has changed people’s lives B．how Chinese people live in the world C．Chinese products are becoming popular D．how people speak Chinese in other countries 52．To meet people’s tastes, Chinese restaurants _________. A．cut the prices of the dishes B．make some changes to the dishes C．provide big pieces of meat with bones D．only buy metal and vegetables from China 53．How many Chinese brands are mentioned (提到) in paragraph 3? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 54．The underlined word “trust” means _________ in Chinese. A．信任 B．委托 C．存放 D．依靠 55．Which of the following is TRUE according to the article? A．In other countries, few people speak Chinese. B．You can’t buy smart phones in other countries. C．“Made in China” is reliable and cool now. D．Chinese products are very cheap now. （十二） If you have a smart phone (智能手机), the Internet is always with you. You can use the Internet for shopping, learning and chatting with your friends and so on. But the Internet can also be a dangerous place. So you must be careful. Keep your personal information. First, don’t share too much of your personal information on the Internet. For example, don’t send your phone number or number of a bank account (账号). Be careful what you say on the Internet. Second, you can’t let everyone see your everything. Finally, be careful of new people. Don’t believe them exactly (完全地). Some of them are dishonest (不诚实的). They usually use the Internet to try to get money by cheating (欺骗). The Internet is a good way to meet new people, but be careful. It is important for us to control our information. It is very important for us to be honest. Don’t post other people’s pictures. Don’t hurt others. It’s also smart to keep away from fights on the Internet. Don’t answer rude (无礼的) messages and so on. In this way we can have a better Internet place. 56．According to the passage, when you have a ________, you can use the Internet at any time. A．card B．computer C．television D．smart phone 57．You want to control your information well, you shouldn’t ________. A．share too much B．use your smart phone often C．close your computer often D．believe new people 58．The underlined words “what you say” mean ________ in Chinese. A．你说什么 B．你是说 C．你说的话 D．你做的事 59．How many suggestions does the writer make to protect personal information? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 60．To make the Internet a better place, we should ________. A．send some pictures B．answer all messages C．ask everyone for advice D．be an honest person （十三） Usually before an earthquake happens, people don’t know it is on the way. And these earthquakes are very dangerous. In fact, earthquakes kill more people than snowstorms and rainstorms every year. So scientists are always looking for ways to predict earthquakes. Now they can predict the earthquake, but it is not always right every time. And scientist can say that an earthquake is possible to happen in some place, but they can’t predict the right place or time. And they can not tell how strong the earthquake will be. How do scientists make these guesses? First, scientists make sure which place the big earthquake will strike by studying the earth plates (板块). Second, to help predict earthquakes, scientists study history of the areas where earthquakes happened. Studying the history can also help in another way. Scientists can guess how often an earthquake may happen in this area. Last, scientists watch rocks under the surface for months. When rocks break, earthquakes happen. And scientists also watch the water level to predict an earthquake. Scientists hope that one day we can have earthquake warnings. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 61．Which of the following kills the most people every year? A．Snowstorms. B．Rainstorms. C．Earthquakes. D．Animals 62．What can scientists guess about earthquake now? A．An earthquake may happen in some place. B．An earthquake happens in the right place. C．An earthquake happens at the right time. D．An earthquake warning. 63．What does the underlined word “predict” mean in Chinese in the passage? A．降低 B．预测 C．防止 D．制止 64．What happens to rocks under the surface when earthquakes happen? A．Rocks under the surface change. B．Rocks under the surface move. C．Rocks under the surface break. D．Rocks under the surface shake. 65．What can we infer (推断) from the passage? A．Studying the history of areas can’t help scientists to predict the earthquake. B．Scientists can know earthquakes by watching the rocks on the earth. C．Scientists can’t predict an earthquake by watching the water level. D．Now sometimes scientists can’t tell people the right information about the earthquakes. （十四） Everyone in the world needs water. Water is very precious (珍贵的) to everybody. You should also know the following facts about water. There is about the same amount of water on the earth now as there was millions of years ago. Nearly 97% of all the world’s water is salty or undrinkable. Another 2% is ice. Then there only leaves 1% for the people to use directly. Water regulates (调节) the earth’s temperature from time to time. It also regulates the temperature of the human body! More water is used in the bathroom than any other place at home. A dripping faucet (水龙头) can waste up to 7,570 kilograms of water a year. Does it sound amazing to you? ______________ You should know that whether at home or at school, you can do things like these to save water: ●Take shorter showers. ●Repair dripping faucets in time. ●Don’t keep the water running while you’re washing dishes. ●Turn off the water in your bathroom while you brush your teeth. Why not save water from now on? Let’s take actions! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 66．How does the writer start writing this passage? A．By raising a question. B．By showing a fact. C．By using an example. D．By listing numbers. 67．How much water on the earth can people use directly? A．1% of the world’s water. B．2% of the world’s water. C．70% of the world’s water. D．97% of the world’s water. 68．According to the passage, where do people use the most water at home? A．In the kitchen. B．In the bathroom. C．On the balcony (阳台). D．At the dining room. 69．Which sentence is the best for the missing part in Paragraph 6? A．Why not help to save water? B．Do you know much about water? C．Is the water in your home clean enough? D．How much water do you drink every day? 70．What does the writer mainly want to tell us in this passage? A．The reason for using less water. B．The knowledge of protecting the earth. C．The things people can do to save water. D．The importance of water and how to save it. （十五） Do you know AI? It’s the short form of artificial intelligence. With the development of AI, our life is becoming easier and easier. AI has plenty of good points that are very useful to people. First, AI can help humans to do dangerous work so that it can prevent humans from danger. What’s more, AI can help humans to do boring work. And we can have more free time to do what we love to do. Humans are productive (富有成效的) only about 3 to 4 hours in a day. Humans also need breaks after work. But AI can work endlessly without breaks. AI can also change other languages into Chinese so that we can travel around the world and talk with people from other countries without learning the languages of their countries. Thirdly, it can make fewer errors (失误) and increase accuracy (精度). An example of it is the use of robotic surgery (外科手术) systems, making lower risk of human errors and improving patient safety in healthcare. However, AI has something bad as well. The creation of AI needs huge costs. Many people will lose their jobs because of AI. AI is making humans lazier and lazier. In a word, AI makes human progress (进步) and our life can be much more colorful with AI. 71．How long are humans productive in a day according to the text? A．Only one hour. B．More than 8 hours. C．About ten hours. D．About 3 to 4 hours. 72．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A．AI can help humans do much work without a break. B．We need to learn foreign languages if we travel to foreign countries. C．AI can help humans finish the work in three to four hours. D．AI is productive while humans aren’t. 73．What kind of example does the writer use about making fewer errors and increasing accuracy? A．Robotic surgery systems. B．Language learning. C．Doing boring work. D．Traveling around the world. 74．What is the writing purpose (目的) of Paragraph 5? A．Many people will find jobs. B．AI costs less money. C．AI also has something bad. D．Humans aren’t needed any more. 75．What's the structure (结构) of the text? A． B． C． D． 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$