Unit1 - Unit4 基础提升练 2024-2025学年牛津译林版英语八年级上册

unit1-unit4基础提升练 一、单项选择 1．This is a new TV set, ______ I don’t like it. A．but B．or C．and D．so 2．—Who helped ________ to read? —Nobody. She taught ________. A．her; herself B．herself; herself C．she; her D．her; hers 3．It _______ Mr. Green an hour to fix up his bicycle yesterday. A．cost B．paid C．spent D．took 4．—What’s ________ movie theater, Movie World, Town Cinema or Screen City? —Movie World. I think it has the ________ seats. A．good; most comfortable B．the best; most comfortable C．better; comfortable D．better; more comfortable 5．There isn’t any water in the bottle. A．is not B．is never C．is no D．is any 6． There’ll be the meeting next week, my father and my mother will come for it. A．parents’; all B．parents’ ; both C．parent’s; all D．parent’s ; both 7．Attention, please. No one shall _____ cameras when you enter the museum. A．bring up B．take back C．bring in D．ask for 8．It’s important to learn how to ________ the machine before you try them out. A．lock B．treat C．repair D．control 9．—Have you made ________, Jack? —Yes, I am going to work hard at English. A．hobbies B．resolutions C．interests D．subjects 10．I am ________ about chocolate. That’s probably why I am becoming fatter and fatter. A．serious B．crazy C．happy D．worried 11．I invited her________ my family. A．to visit B．visit C．visited D．visiting 12．Which subject do you like ________, math, English or physics? A．good B．better C．best D．well 13． In class, the teacher often stands _________ the classroom. A．in front of B．in the front of C．in front D．in the front 14．Without an umbrella, I had to run __________ the rain. A．on B．through C．across D．with 15．—Is your uncle a teacher? —_________．He plays for Shanghai Shenhua Football Team． A．Yes，he is B．Yes，of course C．No，he is D．No，he isn’t 二、完形填空 A wonderful memory I will never forget a wonderful memory that a stranger ever impressed me in Orlando, Florida. Three years ago, I had a serious disease and had to stay in a 16 for some time. Luckily, after being carefully treated, I got much better. The doctors suggested that a holiday would be good for my 17 . Just then I received an invitation asking me to attend a 18 in Orlando, where the famous Disneyland was located. My family encouraged me to attend it. So I started for Orlando. On arriving Sunshine State, I took a taxi to the 19 where the meeting was held and checked in. The next morning, I took another taxi to do some shopping. The cost of taking taxis was so 20 that I regretted I hadn’t borrowed a car at first. Later, I went to a cafe to have 21 . However, it was so busy that I couldn’t find an empty seat. Just as I was wondering whether to leave, a friendly voice came from behind, “You can share my 22 ”. I turned around and found an old lady smiling to me. With many thanks, I sat down and we had a happy lunch together. Near the end of the meal the 23 asked me why I came here and how long I would stay. I couldn’t help 24 that I wouldn’t stay long because I couldn’t afford to travel by taxi. “You 25 take a taxi any more.” She said kindly, “You see, I just happened to retire（退休）from my work. Now I’m 26 all day. I’d be pleased to drive you anywhere you want to go.” Feeling much surprised and doubted, I said, “Thanks, madam, but that would be much 27 to you.” But she insisted and I accepted her kindness at last. The next morning, the kind lady 28 at the hotel and then took me to the Disneyland before she left. At the end of the day, she returned to take me back to the hotel again. Before I got off, I offered her some money but she just politely 29 . Thanks to her 30 , I had a wonderful holiday in Florida. And that sweet memory will be kept in my mind for long! 16．A．hotel B．restaurant C．school D．hospital 17．A．family B．friends C．health D．job 18．A．party B．meeting C．match D．show 19．A．hotel B．supermarket C．park D．hospital 20．A．high B．low C．fast D．slow 21．A．breakfast B．dinner C．supper D．lunch 22．A．seat B．time C．table D．food 23．A．waiter B．lady C．owner D．driver 24．A．contacting B．complaining C．comparing D．composing 25．A．shouldn’t B．can’t C．needn’t D．mustn’t 26．A．busy B．bored C．excited D．free 27．A．trouble B．kindness C．happiness D．worry 28．A．dressed up B．showed up C．took up D．woke up 29．A．refused B．kept C．took D．remembered 30．A．business B．patience C．confidence D．kindness 三、阅读理解 The following are four kinds of medicine at home. We should know how to use them. Never make any mistakes. The first kind of medicine Take the medicine with water. One or two pills (片) every eight hours. Don’t take more than six pills in 24 hours. For children under six, go to ask the doctor. The second kind of medicine Three times a day and one pill a time. One pill before breakfast, one before 11:00 and one before sleep. Not for children under six or persons with a stomachache. The third kind of medicine The medicine is for a person with a toothache. Two pills a time a day before sleep for adults (成年人). Half for children under 12. The fourth kind of medicine Take the medicine four times a day. Four pills a time for adults with a cold. Half the pills for children under 10. Take the medicine before three meals and before sleep. 31．If you need to take the first kind of medicine, when should you take the seventh pill? A．After 6 hours. B．After 8 hours. C．After 12 hours. D．After 24 hours. 32．Who should not take the second kind of medicine? A．People with a headache. B．People with a stomachache. C．People with a toothache. D．People with a cold. 33．Which kind of medicine is for people with a toothache? A．The first kind of medicine. B．The second kind of medicine. C．The third kind of medicine. D．The fourth kind of medicine. 34．How many pills of the fourth medicine should an 8-year-old girl take in a day? A．2. B．4. C．8. D．16. English breakfast is a very big meal ----eggs, tomatoes, tea, coffee… For many people lunch is a quick meal. In cities there are a lot of sandwich shops. There office workers can buy the kind of bread they like---brown, white, and then all kinds of salad and meat of fish for lunch. School children can have a hot meal at school, but many just take a sandwich, a drink and some fruit from home. “Tea” means two things. It is a drink and a meal! Some people have afternoon tea with sandwiches, cakes and a cup of tea. They usually have the evening meal quite early, between 6:00 and 8:00, and often, all the family eat together. On Sundays many families have a traditional lunch. They have chicken, pork...with potatoes, vegetables… Englishmen like food from other countries, too. People often get take-away meals--- they buy the food outside and then bring it home to eat. 35．In England, people usually have a ________ lunch. A．colorful B．quick C．big D．delicious 36．What do the office workers eat for lunch？ A．Eggs, salad and chicken. B．Sandwiches, tomatoes and coffee. C．Bread, salad and fish D．Pork, fish and tea. 37．Where can the school children have a hot meal? A．In a restaurant. B．Outside school. C．In the office. D．At school. 38．How do the English people ususlly have their evening meal? A．Themselves. B．With their family. C．With their friends. D．Between 6:00 and 8:00. 39．What do the English people think of the take-away food? A．They like it. B．They never eat it. C．It is boring. D．It is not delicious. Friendship Day in India falls on the first Sunday of August every year. It is celebrated with many activities. Young people in India spend the day with their closest friends and they have fun together. Most youngsters in India watch a movie or have a meal with their friends. Many friends may drive to tourist places or make a plan for camping. Some friends go to the supermarket to do some shopping. On Friendship Day, most stores offer lower prices to customers and it is the perfect day to buy something for friends. Some friends go to parties that are organized by many restaurants in order to attract youngsters. Such parties are very enjoyable. You can get food at a cheaper price. Some friends just decide to meet up at someone’s home and talk about their happy time. The time good friends spend sitting together and talking over a cup of coffee is relaxing and unforgettable. Long-distance friends call up each other on this day and wish each other good luck. Some of them  even plan to meet up on this day. Yet some others plan a surprising visit just to see how excited their friends are ! In 2020, Friendship Day in India falls on August 2. So don’t forget to celebrate it with your friends. 40．When is Friendship Day celebrated in India each year? A．On August 1. B．On August 2. C．On the third Saturday of August. D．On the first Sunday of August. 41．How do youngsters celebrate Friendship Day in India except ? A．travelling with friends. B．seeing a film with friends. C．dancing with friends. D．going shopping with friends. 42．How do long-distance friends celebrate Friendship Day in India? A．By calling up each other. B．By emailing each other. C．By sending each other a gift. D．By visiting each other the next day. 43．The underlined words “a surprising visit” means a visit to a friend who . A．has dreamed of it for a long time B．hasn’t expected it C．tries to avoid it D．lives in a near place 44．What would be the best title of the text? A．Activities on Friendship Day B．How to Talk with Your Closest Friends C．Special Cheaper Prices on Friendship Day D．How to Prepare a Surprise for Your Friends The Science Museum is the most friendly museum in London. As is known to all, shouting and running are not allowed in most museums, and touching the exhibits (展品) is also forbidden. But the Science Museum in London is different. It is noisy!     People talk about what they can see and do here, and there are some very noisy machines, too. If you want answers to any of your questions about science, this is the right place. On the second and third floors, you can learn some knowledge about communications, the environment, chemistry and so on. For example, you can understand how people dig coal (煤) from the ground and use it to create energy.     The Launchpad on the third floor is the most popular room because you can experience lots of physics experiments in it. For example, if you want to fill a bag with sand, you have to control a kind of truck on wheels and move it into the correct place. You can also find out how people travel into space and back again by spaceships. On its fourth and fifth floors, you can learn about what medicine was like in the past. Comparing the medicine of the past with today, you will feel very lucky to see a doctor in the modern hospitals!     People of all ages can visit the Science Museum in London for free. It’s very interesting. You can always find something new to you and have a wonderful time here. The museum is open daily from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m., so you can enjoy yourself here for either a few minutes or a few hours.     If you go to London, don’t miss the chance to visit the Science Museum. 45．The underlined word “forbidden” means “_____” in Chinese. A．禁止 B．允许 C．欢迎 46．The visitors can’t _________ in the Science Museum in London. A．travel by spaceship B．shout or run C．touch the exhibits 47．Where can you experience a lot of physics experiments? A．On the second floor. B．From the ground. C．The Launchpad on the third floor. 48．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．There is no need to buy tickets to enter the Science Museum in London. B．You can see a doctor in the Science Museum in London. C．You can’t have a visit to the Science Museum in London on weekends. 49．The passage is mainly about _____. A．the history of the Science Museum in London B．the introduction of the Science Museum in London C．the development of the Science Museum in London 四、单词拼写 50．One very famous symbol in American (文化) is a cartoon. 51．The dish in the restaurant looks good but in fact it’s not （tasty, yummy）. I won’t come again! 52．Three scientists shared the 2020 Nobel Prize in (物理) for their findings on the black hole. 53．We all like our Chinese teacher because he is (幽默的). 54．Too much (甜的) food is bad for your teeth. 五、短文填空 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 How to be a Green One What does it mean to be green? Green is more than just a c 55 . It also means taking special steps to protect the e 56 —the water, the land, and the air we breathe. Why is green? Plants are green, and w 57 them the earth wouldn’t be such a lovely home for human beings(人类). Here’s a four-step guide to be green: R 58 It! When you use less of something, you do a good thing for the earth. For example, a shorter shower means you use less water and less fuel(燃料) because your house uses fuel to run the water heater(加热器) that warms up the water. Reuse It ! Sometimes we’re a little too willing to throw away the w 59 and buy new things. Many times, you no l 60 need something, someone else just might need it. For example, if your baby brother grows out of toys, why not give them to a 61 family who has a little kid? Recycle(回收) It! Recycling has n 62 been easier. Many people will pick it up right in front of your house and they will need it. Tell your mum or dad become “Head of Recycling” for your house. Enjoy It! It’s true that p 63 is a problem, but the earth is still a large and beautiful place for you to go and study. You can start by v 64 the beautiful places in you home town. Go for a hike, visit local nature centres and gardens, climb up mountains and so on. 六、任务型阅读 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答所提问题。 The Browns went to Beijing on their summer vacation. They went there by high-speed train. They spent more than three hours getting there. They stayed there for half a month and enjoyed themselves there. They visited many places of interest in Beijing. During the first two days, they went to Tian’anmen Square. It’s very large and there were many people taking photos there. Next, they went to Beihai Park. They went boating there and had a boat race with other visitors. They had a great time there. The Great Wall is one of the most famous places in the world. They climbed the Great Wall for the whole day. There were so many people on the Great Wall. The Browns were so excited that they took lots of photos there! For the last two days, they went to the Summer Palace. How beautiful Beijing is! 65．How long did it take the Browns to get to Beijing? 66．What did the Browns do in Beihai Park? 67．How many places did the Browns visit when they were in Beijing? 68．Do you like Beijing? Why or why not? 七、翻译 69．Bob和Sam不喜欢蔬菜，但他们的妈妈Lisa喜欢。 . 70．周末你有什么计划吗？ 71．我希望他们能够彼此和睦相处。 72．我建议他使用不同颜色的水果。(advise sb. to...) 73．她迫不及待地告诉了她妈妈那个好消息。 八、书面表达 74．以“My best friend and I ”为题写一篇短文。 要点： 1．我的朋友叫Mark；我们在同一个班级。 2．我的个子矮，内向； Mark 个子高， 外向；他是班级里面个子最高的。 3．Mark 在学习上没有我努力，所以我经常得到比他更好的分数。 4．我和Mark都喜欢运动，Mark的网球打的比我好，我们每周打三到四次；上周末，我们一起去公园打网球， 我们玩得很开心！ （in the same class, quiet, less, together, hard-working, get good grades, enjoy, care about, tennis） 要求： 1．必须包含以上所有的要点, 可以适当发挥。 2．语言通顺；书面整洁。 3．不少于80词。 试卷第8页，共9页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．A 【详解】试题分析：A. but但是，表示前后是转折关系； B. or或者，表示前后是选择关系； C. and和，表示前后是并列关系； D.so因此，表示前因后果。句意：这是一台新的电视机，但是我不喜欢。根据句意故选A。 考点：考查连词的用法。 2．A 【详解】句意：——谁帮助她读书的？——没有人，她自学的。 考查人称代词和反身代词。her她的，形容词性的物主代词或人称代词宾格；herself她自己，反身代词；she她，人称代词主格；hers她的，名词性的物主代词，后面不接名词。第一个空，考查help sb（to）do sth.“帮助某人做某事”，help是动词，后跟代词宾格，排除B、C选项；第二个空，由“Nobody.”可知她是自学的，没人帮她，teach oneself意为“自学”，固定词组，因此这里应用反身代词，排除D选项；故选A。 3．D 【详解】句意：昨天格林先生花了一个小时的时间去修理他的自行车。 考查动词辨析。cost花费，物作主语；paid花费，人作主语；spent花费，人作主语；took花费，占用，主语通常是形式主语it。It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多少时间，该句主语为it，时态为一般过去时，所以动词用took。故选D。 4．B 【详解】句意：——哪个是最好的电影院，电影世界、城市电影院还是银幕城？——电影世界。我认为那儿的椅子最舒服。 考查形容词最高级。good好的，形容词原级；the best最好的，good的最高级；better比较好的，good的比较级；the most comfortable最舒服的，最高级；comfortable舒服的，形容词原级，more comfortable比较舒服的，形容词比较级，根据第一个空后的“Movie World, Town Cinema or Screen City”可知，两个空都用形容词最高级，故选B。 5．C 【详解】试题分析：句意：瓶子里没有水。isn’t any water="is" no water。never是否定副词，修饰动词。no是形容词，修饰名词，此处修饰名词water，故用no。故选C。 考点：考查形容词和副词的用法。 6．B 【详解】试题分析: 句意：下周要举行家长会，我爸爸和妈妈都要来参加。此题考查名词所有格和副词，因为父母是两者都故用both。故选B。 考点：考查名词所有格和副词。 7．C 【详解】句意：请注意，任何人进入博物馆不能携带相机。 考查动词短语词义辨析。bring up提出、养育；take back拿回、撤销；bring in带进来、引入；ask for请求……。根据语境可知，是任何人进入博物馆不能带进照相机。故选C。 8．B 【详解】句意：在试用机器之前，学会如何处理机器是很重要的。 考查动词词义辨析。lock锁；treat处理，对待；repair修理；control控制。根据常识以及“learn how to...the machine before you try them out”可知，在试用机器之前，要学会处理机器。故选B。 9．B 【详解】句意：——Jack，你做出决心了吗？——是的，我打算努力学习英语。 考查名词辨析。hobbies爱好；resolutions决心；interests兴趣；subjects学科。根据“I am going to work hard at English.”可知，询问对方做决心了吗，故选B。 10．B 【详解】句意：我为巧克力疯狂。这可能就是我变得越来越胖的原因。 考查形容词辨析。serious严肃的；crazy狂热的；happy高兴的；worried担忧的。根据“I am...about chocolate. That’s probably why I am becoming fatter and fatter.”可知，我非常喜欢巧克力，be crazy about sth表示“为……疯狂/着迷”。故选B。 11．A 【详解】句意：我邀请她来参观我家。 考查非谓语动词。此处表达的是“邀请某人做……”，英语是“invite sb to do sth”，用不定式作宾补，故选A。 12．C 【详解】句意：你最喜欢哪门课，数学、英语还是物理？ 考查最高级。good好的，原级；better更好，比较级；best最好，最高级；well好地，原级。根据“math, English or physics”可知，三者比较要用最高级，故选C。 13．B 【详解】试题分析：句意：在课堂上，老师经常站在教室的前部。in front of 在……的前面；in the front of 在……的前部；in front 和in the front后面不能跟名词。根据句意可知选B。 考点：考查介词短语。 14．B 【详解】句意：没有带伞，我不得不在雨中奔跑。 考查介词辨析。on在……上；through穿过（侧重从内部）；across穿过（侧重从表面）；with和。根据“I had to run…the rain”，可知此处指“从雨中跑过”，应填through。故选B。 15．D 【详解】试题分析：句意：--你的叔叔是个老师吗？--不，他不是。他在上海申花队供职。根据后文回答，可知他的叔叔不是老师，故否定回答，回答时，肯定或者否定要一致，故选D。 考点：考查一般疑问句的回答。 16．D 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．A 21．D 22．C 23．B 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．D 【分析】文章三年前，作者患了严重的疾病，不得不住院一段时间。就在那时，她收到了一个邀请去参加一个奥兰多会议的邀请函。在奥兰多乘出租车是很贵的。幸运的是，作者遇到了一个退休的老妇人，她免费驾驶小汽车带作者出行，使得作者在佛罗里达州度过了一个精彩的假期。 16．句意：三年前，我得了重病，不得不在医院住一段时间。 hotel旅店；restaurant餐馆；school学校；hospital医院；根据“I had a serious disease”可知，是在医院待一段时间，故选D。 17．句意：医生建议休假对我的健康有好处。 family家庭；friends朋友；health健康；job工作；根据“I had a serious disease and had to stay in a...for some time. Luckily, after being carefully treated, I got much better.”可知，医生建议休假是因为对作者的健康有好处，故选C。 18．句意：就在那时，我收到一份邀请，邀请我去著名的迪斯尼乐园所在地奥兰多参加一个会议。 party聚会；meeting会议；match比赛；show展示；根据“where the meeting was held and checked in”可知，是邀请作者去参加一个会议，故选B。 19．句意：一到阳光州，我就坐出租车去开会的酒店登记入住。 hotel酒店；supermarket超市；park公园；hospital医院；根据“where the meeting was held and checked in.”可知，是去酒店入住，故选A。 20．句意：坐出租车的费用太高了，我后悔当初没有借车。 high高的；low低的；fast快的；slow慢的；根据“I regretted I hadn’t borrowed a car at first.”可知，乘坐出租车的费用太高了，故选A。 21．句意：后来，我去了一家咖啡馆吃午饭。 breakfast早餐；dinner晚饭；supper晚饭；lunch午饭；根据“we had a happy lunch together”可知，此处是指吃午饭，故选D。 22．句意：你可以和我共用一张桌子。 seat座位；time时间；table桌子；food食物；根据“I couldn’t find an empty seat. Just as I was wondering whether to leave”可知，吃饭没有找到空位，是别人同意和作者共用一张桌子，故选C。 23．句意：快吃完饭的时候，那位女士问我为什么来这里，要待多久。 waiter服务员；lady女士；owner所有者；driver司机；根据“found an old lady smiling to me”可知，是那位和作者共用桌子的女士问作者，故选B。 24．句意：我忍不住抱怨说我不会待太久，因为我坐不起出租车。 contacting联系；complaining抱怨；comparing比较；composing组成；根据“I wouldn’t stay long because I couldn’t afford to travel by taxi.”可知，作者向那位女士抱怨，因为作者之前打出租太贵了。故选B。 25．句意：你不必再打车了。 shouldn’t不应该；can’t不能；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；根据“She said kindly”及句意可知，此处应该是说不必再打车，因为老妇人要免费开车载作者。故选C。 26．句意：现在我整天都有空。 busy忙碌的；bored厌烦的；excited激动的；free自由的；根据“I just happened to retire（退休）from my work”可知，退休了应该是没有什么事了，整天都会有空，故选D。 27．句意：但那会给你带来很多麻烦。 trouble麻烦；kindness善良；happiness幸福；worry担心；根据“I’d be pleased to drive you anywhere you want to go. Feeling much surprised and doubted”及常识可知，女士主动提出要帮助作者，而作者认为这会给女士带来麻烦，故选A。 28．句意：第二天早上，那位好心的女士出现在酒店。 dressed up打扮；showed up出现；took up占据；woke up醒来；根据句意及“then took me to the Disneyland before she left.”可知，善良的女士出现在作者入住的酒店，故选B。 29．句意：在我下车之前，我给了她一些钱，但她只是礼貌地拒绝了。 refused拒绝；kept保留；took拿；remembered记住；根据“I offered her some money”以及but转折可知，此处指的是女士“拒绝”了作者的钱，故选A。 30．句意：多亏了她的好意，我在佛罗里达度过了一个愉快的假期。 business生意；patience耐心；confidence信心；kindness善良；根据“But she insisted and I accepted her kindness at last.”以及上文的描述可知，此处是说多亏了女士的善良，故选D。 31．D 32．B 33．C 34．C 【导语】本文介绍了如何使用四种居家用药。 31．推理判断题。根据“The first kind of medicine... One or two pills (片) every eight hours. Don’t take more than six pills in 24 hours.”可知，第一种药，每八小时吃一、两片，24小时内不要超过六片，因此要吃第七片，应在24小时后，故选D。 32．细节理解题。根据“The second kind of medicine...Not for children under six or persons with a stomachache.”可知，肚子疼的人不应该服用第二种药，故选B。 33．细节理解题。根据“The third kind of medicine, The medicine is for a person with a toothache.”可知，牙痛的人吃第三种药，故选C。 34．推理判断题。根据“The fourth kind of medicine, Take the medicine four times a day. Four pills a time for adults with a cold. Half the pills for children under 10.”可知，第四种药，一天吃四次，成年人一次4片，10岁以下的儿童一次2片，因此一位8岁大的女孩一天吃2×4=8片，故选C。 35．B 36．C 37．D 38．B 39．A 【分析】试题分析：本文叙述了英国人早饭经常吃一些鸡蛋、西红柿等；午饭经常吃快餐，有些人下午喝一些下午茶，他们通常晚上一家人在一起聚餐。 35．细节理解题。根据For many people lunch is a quick meal 可知在英国人们吃午饭是很匆忙的，故选B。 36．细节理解题。根据There office workers can buy the kind of bread they like---brown, white, and then all kinds of salad and meat of fish for lunch.可知上班的人一般午饭吃色拉、鱼肉和面包，故选C。 37．细节理解题。根据School children can have a hot meal at school 可知学校的学生能够在学校吃上热饭，故选D。 38．细节理解题。根据They usually have the evening meal quite early, between 6:00 and 8:00, and often, all the family eat together. 可知英国人通常和家人在晚上吃饭，故选B。 39．推理判断题。根据People often get take-away meals--- they buy the food outside and then bring it home to eat. 可知英国人喜欢外卖，故选A。 40．D 41．C 42．A 43．B 44．A 【分析】文章主要介绍了印度的“友谊日”。印度的“友谊日”在每年八月的第一个周日，在这一天大多数年轻人都会和朋友一起看电影或吃饭。 40．细节理解题。根据第一段“Friendship Day in India falls on the first Sunday of August every year”，可知，是在八月的第一个星期日，故选D。 41．细节理解题。根据第二段“Most youngsters in India watch a movie or have a meal with their friends. Many friends may drive to tourist places or make a plan for camping. Some friends go to the supermarket to do some shopping”，可知，年轻人通过吃饭、看电影、旅行、露营、购物来庆祝友谊日，故选C。 42．细节理解题。根据第三段“Long-distance friends call up each other on this day and wish each other good luck”，可知，远距离的朋友们通过互相打电话来庆祝友谊日，故选A。 43．推理判断题。根据第三段“Yet some others plan a surprising visit just to see how excited their friends are”，可知，一些人在不事先告知朋友的情况下去拜访朋友，他们是想给朋友一个惊喜，所以a surprising visit表示“一个意外的拜访”，故选B。 44．主旨大意题。通读全文，可知，文章主要介绍了印度的“友谊日”。印度的“友谊日”在每年八月的第一个周日，在这一天大多数年轻人都会和朋友一起看电影或吃饭，故选A。 45．A 46．A 47．C 48．A 49．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了伦敦的科学博物馆。 45．词义猜测题。根据第一段“As is known to all, shouting and running are not allowed in most museums, and touching the exhibits (展品) is also forbidden.”以及结合常识可知，大喊大叫以及触摸展品在大多数博物馆是禁止的。可见“forbidden”是禁止的意思。故选A。 46．推理判断题。根据第一段“As is known to all, shouting and running are not allowed in most museums, and touching the exhibits (展品) is also forbidden. But the Science Museum in London is different.”可知，大多数博物馆都不允许大喊大叫和奔跑，触摸展品也是禁止的。但伦敦的科学博物馆不同。可推知在科学博物馆可以喊、叫、也可以触摸展品，因此判断不能坐飞船去旅行。故选A。 47．细节理解题。根据第三段“The Launchpad on the third floor is the most popular room because you can experience lots of physics experiments in it.”可知，三楼的发射台是最受欢迎的房间，因为你可以在里面体验很多物理实验。故选C。 48．细节理解题。根据第四段“People of all ages can visit the Science Museum in London for free.”各个年龄段的人都可以免费参观伦敦科学博物馆。可推知去伦敦科学博物馆是不需要买票的。故选A。 49．主旨大意题。根据“If you go to London, don’t miss the chance to visit the Science Museum.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了伦敦的科学博物馆。故选B。 50．culture 【详解】句意：美国文化中一个非常著名的象征是卡通。根据所给的汉语可知，“文化”译成：culture，不可数名词。故填culture。 51．delicious 【详解】句意：这家餐馆的菜看起来不错，但实际上并不好吃。 我不会再来了！tasty是形容词，意为“美味的”；yummy是形容词，意为“好吃的，美味的”。且空前是be动词，此处填形容词作表语。而delicious为形容词，意为“美味的；可口的”，并且能概括两个单词的意思。故填delicious。 52．physics 【详解】句意：三名科学家因对黑洞的发现共同获得了2020年诺贝尔物理学奖。physics“物理”，名词，作介词in的宾语。故填physics。 53．humorous 【详解】句意：我们都喜欢我们的语文老师，因为他很幽默。结合汉语提示，这里用形容词“幽默的 humorous”，没有涉及“比较”，所以用原级；故填humorous。 54．sweet 【详解】句意：吃太多甜食对你的牙齿不好。sweet“甜的”，形容词作定语，修饰名词“food”。故填sweet。 55．(c)olour/(c)olor 56．(e)nvironment 57．(w)ithout 58．(R)educe 59．(w)aste 60．(l)onger 61．(a)nother 62．(n)ever 63．(p)ollution 64．(v)isiting 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些环保的生活方式。 55．句意：绿色不仅仅是一种颜色。结合“Green”和首字母可知，绿色是一种颜色，再结合空前a可知，此空应填单数名词colour/color“颜色”。故填(c)olour/(c)olor。 56．句意：这也意味着采取特别措施保护环境——水、土地和我们呼吸的空气。结合“protect the...—the water, the land, and the air we breathe.”和首字母可知，此处是保护环境，environment“环境”，不可数名词。故填(e)nvironment。 57．句意：植物是绿色的，没有它们，地球就不会是人类如此可爱的家园。结合“Plants are green, and...them the earth wouldn’t be such a lovely home for human beings”和首字母可知，此处指没有植物，地球就不会如此可爱，without“没有”，介词。故填(w)ithout。 58．句意：减少它。根据“When you use less of something...”可知，此段介绍减少使用一些东西，应填动词reduce“减少”，此处是祈使句，动词应用原形。故填(R)educe。 59．句意：有时候，我们太愿意扔掉垃圾，买新东西了。结合“throw away”和首字母可知，此处指扔掉垃圾，waste“废物”，不可数名词。故填(w)aste。 60．句意：很多时候，你不再需要某样东西，别人可能正好需要它。no longer“不再”。故填(l)onger。 61．句意：例如，如果你的小弟弟长大了，玩具玩不完了，为什么不把它们送给另一个有小孩的家庭呢？根据“if your baby brother grows out of toys, why not give them to...family who has a little kid?”可知，不玩的玩具给另一个家庭，another“另一个的”。故填(a)nother。 62．句意：回收从来没有这么容易过。结合“Recycling has...been easier.”和首字母可知，此处指回收从来没有这么容易过，never“从不”，副词。故填(n)ever。 63．句意：的确，污染是一个问题，但地球仍然是你去学习的一个大而美丽的地方。结合首字母和“...is a problem...”可知，污染是个问题，pollution“污染”，不可数名词作主语。故填(p)ollution。 64．句意：你可以从参观你家乡美丽的地方开始。结合首字母和“the beautiful places”可知，参观美丽的地方，visit“参观”，动词；介词by后接动名词作宾语。故填(v)isiting。 65．More than three hours. 66．They went boating and had a boat race with other visitors. 67．4/Four. 68．Yes, I do. Because it is the center of politics, economy and culture. 【导语】本文主要讲述了布朗一家的北京之旅。 65．根据“They spent more than three hours getting there.”可知布朗一家用了三个多小时到达北京。故填More than three hours. 66．根据“They went boating there and had a boat race with other visitors.”可知布朗一家在北海公园划船并参加了赛艇比赛。故填They went boating and had a boat race with other visitors. 67．根据短文提到的天安门广场、北海公园、长城和颐和园，可知布朗一家共参观了四个地方。故填4/Four. 68．主观题，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes, I do. Because it is the center of politics, economy and culture. 69．Bob and Sam don't like vegetables, but their mother Lisa does. 【详解】Bob和Sam：Bob and Sam；喜欢：like；蔬菜：vegetable，但是：but；他们的妈妈：their mother；根据语境可知，句子是描述客观事实的，句子时态采用一般现在时，并列连词but连接的两个句子前否，后肯；前句主语是Bob and Sam第三人称复数，谓语动词用like，所以，在变否定句时，需加助动词don’t；可数名词复数形式表示事物的一类，所以vegetable用其复数形式vegetables；后句主语是their mother Lisa第三人称单数，助动词does代替动词。故填Bob and Sam don't like vegetables, but their mother Lisa does. 70．Do you have any plans for the weekend? 【详解】周末the weekend；你you，主格代词；某些计划some plans；为……作安排plan for。本句是一般疑问句，you是第二人称，需用do构成一般疑问句，在疑问句中some用any代替。句首单词的首字母需大写，根据句意结构，可知填Do you have any plans for the weekend?。 71．I hope they can get on/along (well) with each other. 【详解】I hope“我希望”，后接从句，they“它们”，can“能够”，后接动词原形，get on/along (well) with sb“与某人和睦相处”，each other“彼此”，故填I hope they can get on/along (well) with each other. 72．I advise him to use different colors of fruits. 【详解】分析句子可知，句子是肯定句，I“我”，作主语；advise sb. to do sth.意为“建议某人做某事”；him“他”，宾格；use“使用”；different意为“不同的”，形容词作定语；colors意为“颜色”；of……的；fruits意为“水果”，名词。故填I advise him to use different colors of fruits. 73．She couldn’t wait to tell her mother the good news. 【详解】根据句意可知，本句表示发生过的动作，时态是一般过去时。她：用于句中作主语，所以用人称代词主格she；迫不及待做某事：can’t wait to do sth；告诉某人某事：tell sb sth；她的妈妈：her mother；那个好消息：the good news。故填She couldn’t wait to tell her mother the good news. 74．例文： My best friend and I My friend is Mark. We are in the same class. I am short and quiet. Mark is tall and outgoing. He is the tallest in the class. Mark studies less hard-working than I do, so I often get better grades than him. Mark and I both like sports. Mark plays tennis better than me. We play three or four times a week. Last weekend, we went to the park to play tennis together. We enjoyed ourselves. We often care about each other. 【详解】1.题干解读：该题目属于材料作文写作，要求按照所给的要点提示写一篇短文，介绍我和我的朋友。注意写作时要点要齐全，同时也可进行合理而又紧扣主题的发挥。 2.写作指导：本文应该用第一、三人称来叙述；时态采用一般现在时；写作时，根据要点提示具体介绍我和我的朋友的长相，性格，喜好以及我们一起的活动；文中一定要包含题干中列出的所有要点；可以运用一些短语和常用句型为文章增添色彩；注意单词书写的准确度，语法运用的准确度，上下文注意连接的流畅度，以及逻辑合理。 答案第2页，共9页 答案第1页，共9页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$