Units 1～7 重点语法归纳复习课件【考点串讲】03-2024-2025学年九年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版）

北师大版九年级上期末考点串讲（三） Units1-Unit7 目 录 CONTENT 语法精讲： 反意疑问句 语法精讲：宾语从句 语法精讲：定语从句 2 4 1 3 语法精讲：现在完成时态 5 6 7 8 语法精讲：used to 的用法 语法精讲：so that 与 so…that 语法实战演练 课后检测 反意疑问句 -定义 反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句。它表示提问的人对陈述部分的观点没有把握，需要对方来证实。 反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句。前后两部分的人称和动词时态要保持一致。如果前一部分是肯定形式，后一部分一般用否定形式；如果前一部分是否定形式，后一部分一般用肯定形式。例如： 1. You are a student, aren't you?（前面是肯定陈述句，后面是否定疑问句） 2. He doesn't like music, does he?（前面是否定陈述句，后面是肯定疑问句） 反意疑问句 -讲解 • 规则阐述： • “前肯后否，前否后肯”。例：“You're happy. → You're happy, aren't you?” “He didn't come. → He didn't come, did he?” • 主语确定：this/that 用 it，these/those 用 they，不定代词多为 they。 • 特殊情况： • Let's 用 shall we，表提议共行。如“Let's dance, shall we?” • Let us 用 will you，表求许可。如“Let us use your pen, will you?” • 含 hardly 等否定词视为否，后用肯定。 如“He has little time. → He has little time, does he?” 反意疑问句 - 典例展示 • 案例一：It's a great party, isn't it? （解析：陈述肯定，it 作主语，is 为谓语，反意疑问用 isn't it） • 案例二：They have never been abroad, have they? （解析：有 never 否定，they 主语，have been 谓语，疑问用 have they） • 案例三：Let's play games, shall we? （解析：Let's 开头祈使，用 shall we） • 案例四：There is scarcely any food left, is there? （解析：scarcely 表否定，there 主语，疑问用 is there） 反意疑问句 - 互动环节 • 提问方式： 1.“She is smart.” 2. “We can't speak French.” 3. “Let's go to the park.” 让学生写反意疑问句。 • 答案反馈：错例分析讲解。如对“Let's go to the park.”写成“Let's go to the park, will you?”，讲 Let's 与 Let us 区别。 宾语从句 -定义 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，它在复合句中作主句的宾语。 例如：She said that she was happy.（“that she was happy”是宾语从句，作“said”的宾语） 宾语从句 - 讲解 • 时态呼应规则： • 主句现，从句随意。如“I think he is sleeping.（现进）” “I hope he will succeed.（将）” • 主句过，从句相应过，真理用现。如“She said she was busy.（过进）” “He told me he had left.（过完）” “The teacher said the earth moves.（真理）” • 语序问题： • 宾语从句用陈述语序。“He asked what was I doing.（错）” “He asked what I was doing.（对）” • 引导词分类及用法： • that 无实义，可省，陈述事实。如“I believe (that) you're right.” • if/whether 表“是否”，多可换，discuss 等词后只用 whether。如“I wonder if/whether it will rain.” • 特殊疑问词依从句成分定。如“She asked where I went.（where 作地点状语）” 宾语从句 - 典例展示 案例一：He said that he would visit his friends. （解析：主句过，从句过去将来，引导词 that） 案例二：I don't know if she likes the book. （解析：主句现，从句一般现在，引导词 if） 案例三：Can you tell me who is in the room? （解析：主句现，从句陈述语序，引导词 who） 宾语从句 - 互动练习 给出句子框架： I believe ______（他已完成任务）. They asked me ______（我是否喜欢音乐）. Do you know ______（她为何哭泣）? 答案与讲解：点击按钮现答案，细讲时态、语序、引导词。如错写“I believe he has finish the task.”，纠 finish 为 finished，强现完构成。 定语从句-定义 1. 定义 • 定语从句是指在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词，它分为关系代词（who, whom, whose, which, that等）和关系副词（when, where, why）。 • 例如：The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting.（“that/which I bought yesterday”是定语从句，修饰先行词“the book”，“that/which”是关系代词，在从句中作宾语） • 再如：I still remember the day when we first met.（“when we first met”是定语从句，修饰先行词“the day”，“when”是关系副词，在从句中作时间状语） 先行词与引导词关系： • 先行词物，主用 which/that，宾可省。如“The book which/that is on the desk is mine.” “The pen (which/that) I bought is good.” • 先行词人，主用 who/that，宾可省。如“The man who/that is talking is my father.” “The girl (who/that) we met is kind.” • 先行词时间用 when，地点用 where，reason 用 why。如“I remember the day when we first met.” “This is the place where I lived.” “The reason why he was late is unknown.” • 特殊情况：先行词被序数词等修饰只用 that，如“This is the first gift that I got.”；物作介宾且介提前只用 which，如“The house in which I live is big.” 定语从句- 讲解 定语从句 - 典例展示 • 案例一：The teacher who teaches us math is strict. （解析：先行词 The teacher 人，主用 who） • 案例二：The city where I traveled is beautiful. （解析：先行词 The city 地，用 where） • 案例三：This is the book that I have been looking for. （解析：先行词 The book 被强调，用 that） 定语从句 - 互动环节 • 展示句子片段： The house ______（有大花园） is expensive. The teacher ______（教英语） is friendly. The time ______（我们度过） was great. 答案解析与讨论：点击现答案，讨论先行词与引导词关系及从句作用。如“The house which/that has a big garden is expensive.”，析 house 与 which/that 及从句修饰作用。 现在完成时态 - 引入 • 展示旅行相册页面。 文字引导：分享旅行经历说“I have been to many places.”，此即现在完成时，表过去事对现影响或过去至今状态，来学。 现在完成时态 - 讲解 • 构成与形式：“have/has + 过去分词”。I/You/We/They 用 have，He/She/It 用 has。如“I have written a letter.” “She has seen the movie.” • 用法解析：• 表过去动作对现在影响。如“I have lost my key. So I can't enter the room.” • 表过去至今动作或状态，与“for + 时间段”或“since + 时间点”连用。如“I have lived here for two years.” “He has worked in the company since 2019.” • 时间状语搭配：• 常见 already（已），yet（否、疑），just（刚），ever（曾），never（从无），before（以前）。如“I have already eaten.（肯）” “Have you finished yet?（疑）” “He has just arrived.（刚）” “Have you ever been there?（曾）” “I have never seen it.（无）” “I have seen this before.（前）” 现在完成时态 - 典例展示 • 案例一：They have planted many trees in the park. （解析：They 用 have，plant 过去分词 planted，种树影响公园环境） • 案例二：She has studied English for three years. （解析：She 用 has，study 过去分词 studied，与 for three years 表学习持续时间） 现在完成时态 - 互动练习 • 给出句子框架：I ______（已读） this book. He ______（自 2018 年在该校学习）. ______ you ______（曾去） Paris? • 答案核对与讲解：核对答案，讲构成、用法、时间状语。如错写“I have readed this book.”，纠 readed 为 read，强调特殊过去分词形式。 used to 的用法 - 引入 文字引导：男孩生活大变，过去常放风筝，现在工作。英语用“used to” 表过去常做现不做，看用法。 展示两张对比图片：男孩儿时田野放风筝，长大后办公室工作。 used to 的用法 - 讲解 • 结构与意义： • “used to + 动词原形”。如“I used to swim in the river.（过去常游，现在不）” • 否定与疑问形式： • 否定：“didn't use to + 动词原形”或“used not to + 动词原形”。如“He didn't use to like coffee. 或 He used not to like coffee.” • 疑问：“Did + 主语 + use to + 动词原形?”或“Used + 主语 + to + 动词原形?”。如“Did you use to play football? 或 Used you to play football?” used to 的用法 - 典例展示 • 案例一：My sister used to have short hair. （解析：过去姐姐短发，现在不是） • 案例二：There used to be a store near our school. （解析：过去学校附近有店，现在无） • 答案展示与讨论：核对答案，讨论 used to 用法，尤是否定与疑问形式变化。 used to 的用法 - 互动环节 • 给出句子开头：She ______（过去常跳舞） in the club. They ______（过去不喜欢运动）. ______ you ______（过去常步行上学）? so that 与 so…that - 引入 • 展示学生学习图片：台灯下学习，旁有书和试卷。 • 文字引导：可说学生努力学习为获好成绩，用“so that”，如“He studies hard so that he can get good grades.”；表努力致累用“so…that”，如“He studies so hard that he is always tired.”，探二者用法。 • so…that 用法： • 引导结果状语从句，“so”后接形、副或名（依结构）。如“The story is so interesting that I can't stop reading.（形）” “He ran so fast that he won the race.（副）” “It is so heavy a box that I can't lift it. 或 It is such a heavy box that I can't lift it.（名）” so that 与 so…that - 讲解 • so that 用法： • 引导目的状语从句，有 can 等情态动词。如“We study hard so that we can pass the exam.” • 案例二：The movie is so exciting that everyone likes it. （解析：so…that 表结果，电影精彩致大家喜欢） so that 与 so…that - 典例展示 • 案例一：I get up early so that I can catch the first bus. （解析：so that 表目的，早起为赶首班车） • 案例三：It was such a cold day that we stayed at home. （解析：such…that 表结果，天冷致待在家） so that 与 so…that - 互动练习 • 给出句子框架：He worked hard ______（为获晋升）. The book is ______（如此有趣） that I read it twice. She made ______（如此美味的蛋糕） that we all enjoyed it. • 答案核对与讲解：核对答案，讲二者区别与句子结构。如错用“He worked hard so…that he could get a promotion.”，纠为“so that”，强调目的状语从句引导词用法。 语法实战演练 • She is a good singer, ______? （反意疑问句）   • I don't know ______ he will come tomorrow. （宾语从句引导词）   • The house ______ I live is small. （定语从句引导词）   • They ______ (travel) to many countries in the past few years. （现在完成时态填空）   • He ______ (be) afraid of the dark, but now he isn't. （used to 用法填空）   • She studied hard ______ she could get a good job. （so that 与 so…that 辨析填空） • 讲解思路： • 第一题：反意疑问句，前肯后否，主语 she，谓语 is，答案 isn't she。 • 第二题：宾语从句，表“是否”，引导词 if/whether。 • 第三题：定语从句，先行词 house，从句缺地点状语，引导词 where。 • 第四题：现在完成时态，in the past few years 提示，主语 they，用 have traveled。 • 第五题：used to 用法，过去常，现在不，填 used to be。 • 第六题：so that 表目的，为获好工作努力学习，填 so that。 课后检测 - 题目展示（一）选择题部分 • 题目 1：He hardly goes to the movies, ______? A. does he B. doesn't he C. is he D. isn't he • 题目 2：I don't know ______ he is right. A. that B. if C. what D. who 答案：A。解析：hardly 否定，前否后肯，主语 he，谓语 goes，用 does he （答案：B。解析：表“是否”，用 if/whether） • 题目 3：This is the book ______ I bought yesterday. A. where B. which C. when D. who （答案：B。解析：先行词 book，从句缺宾语，用 which/that 可省） 课后检测 - 题目展示（二）填空题部分 • 题目 1：She ______ (live) in this city for five years. • 题目 2：He used to ______ (play) football every day. （答案：has lived。解析：for five years 提示现在完成时，主语 she，用 has lived） （答案：play。解析：used to 后接动词原形） • 题目 3：The movie is ______ interesting ______ I want to watch it again. （答案：so; that。解析：so…that 结构，表结果） 课后检测 - 题目展示（三）翻译题部分 • 题目 1：他早起以便能赶上火车。 • 题目 2：我想知道你昨天做了什么。 （答案：He gets up early so that he can catch the train.） （答案：I want to know what you did yesterday.） • 题目 3：那个有大花园的房子很漂亮。 （答案：The house which/that has a big garden is very beautiful.） 感谢观看！ $$