2025年广东中考英语二轮复习语法专项突破课件：专题六形容词和副词

专题六　形容词和副词 知识点 考查题型 具体考查内容 常见的形容 词(短语)、 副词辨析 完形填空 (2024)42.slower，longer， quieter， simpler 44.social， medical， educational， environmental 45.poor， strange， similar， important 48.safely， crazily， blindly， smoothly (2023) 41.rich， afraid， nervous， cheerful 知识点 考查题型 具体考查内容 常见的形容 词(短语)、 副词辨析 完形填空 47.Finally， Really， Usually， Suddenly 50.funniest， smallest， luckiest， prettiest (2022)45.moved， interested， tired， bored 48.sadly， slowly， badly， carefully 49.clean， small， terrible， popular 50.difficult， sunny， short， cool 知识点 考查题型 具体考查内容 形容词、副 词的原级 语法选择 (2024)34.excite， excitement， exciting 39.early， earlier， earliest (2022)35.success， successful， successfully 36. hard， harder， the hardest 知识点 考查题型 具体考查内容 形容词、副词 的原级 短文填空 (2024)67.seldom exercised 74.a big family (2023)70.as time went by 73. became popular (2022)68.it is good for 70.5，000 years ago 知识点 考查题型 具体考查内容 形容词、副 词的比较级 语法选择 (2023)31.great， greater， the greatest 短文填空 (2022)74.more important than 形容词、副 词的最高级 / / 形容词、副词的用法 1. 形容词 (1)形容词的基本用法 用法 位置 例句 作定语 放在名词前 It’s a windy day today. 作表语 放在be动词及look、sound、feel、 smell等系动词之后 He is happy today. 用法 位置 例句 作宾补 放在宾语后作宾语补足语，常与 keep、make、find、feel等动词连用 He keeps his bedroom clean. (2)-ed形容词和-ing形容词的区别 ①-ed形容词指人对事物的感受，表示“感到……的”，主语一 般是人。如：tired、interested、bored、excited等。 ②-ing形容词指事物对人的影响，表示“令人感到……的”，主 语一般是物。如：tiring、interesting、boring、exciting等。 如：He is interested in the interesting game. (3)形容词的常用句型 ①It’s＋adj.(描述事物特性的词)(＋for sb.)＋to do sth. 表示“做 某事(对某人来说)是……的”，常用的形容词有difficult、 easy、 hard、 dangerous、 impossible等。如：It’s difficult for him to carry the big box. ②It’s＋adj.(描述人物性格的词)＋of sb.＋ to do sth. 表示“某人 做某事是……的”，常用的形容词有kind、 lazy、 good、 brave 等。如：It’s kind of you to help me. ③sb. find/think/make it＋adj.＋to do sth. 表示“某人发现/认为/ 使做某事是……的”。如：I think it necessary to study English well. ④too＋adj.(＋for sb.)＋to do sth.＝so＋adj.＋that 从句＝not＋ adj.(前面形容词的反义词)＋enough (＋for sb.)＋to do sth. 表示 “太……而/以至于不能做某事”。如：She is too young to go to school.＝She is so young that she can’t go to school.＝She is not old enough to go to school. 2. 副词 (1)副词的基本用法 用法 位置 例句 作状 语 修饰不及物动词时，放在不及物动 词之后；修饰及物动词时，一般放 在宾语后面 The boy cried loudly outside. Tina takes care of the baby carefully. 修饰形容词，一般放在形容词之前 (enough除外) He is quite tall in his class. 用法 位置 例句 作 状 语 修饰副词，一般放在副 词之前 He runs very fast. 修饰整个句子，位置比 较灵活 Unluckily， he failed in the exam again. 注意：enough作副词修饰形容词时放在形容词后面。如：He is old enough to go to school. (2)副词的分类 分类 例子 程度 副词 much， very， quite， rather， too， so， enough， almost， nearly， only， really 时间 副词 finally， recently， ago， now， soon， once， then， before， later， already， just， yet， ever 地点 副词 here， there， everywhere， nearby， outside， home， back， upstairs， out 分类 例子 方式副词 badly， safely， carefully， quickly， slowly， happily， strongly 频度副词 always， usually， often， sometimes， seldom， hardly， never 疑问副词 how， where， when， why 3. 形容词变副词的规则 规则 例子 在形容词词尾直接加-ly slow→slowly， quick→quickly， clear→clearly 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的形 容词，变y为i，再加-ly busy→busily， angry→angrily， easy→easily 规则 例子 以辅音字母加不发音的字母-e 结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词， 要先去掉e， 然后再加-y或-ly terrible→terribly， true→truly 注意：(1)名词＋-ly构成形容词。如：friend→friendly， love→lovely (2)有一部分形容词与副词同形(详见拓展部分) ※拓展 常见的既可以作形容词又可以作副词的单词(形容词与副词同形) 单 词 形容 词 副词 单 词 形容 词 副词 单 词 形容词 副词 early 早的 早；提 前 loud 大声 的 大声 地 long 长的； 长时间 的 长久地 late 晚的 迟；晚 slow 缓慢 的 缓慢 地 well 健康的 好地 单词 形容 词 副词 单 词 形容 词 副词 单 词 形容 词 副词 fast 快的 快地 free 自由 的 免费 wide 宽的 充分地 high 高的 高地 alone 单独 的 单独 地 still 静止 的 仍然 pretty 漂亮 的 相当 地 left 左边 的 向左 far 远的 遥远地 单 词 形容 词 副词 单词 形容 词 副词 单 词 形容 词 副词 back 后面 的 向后；回 到； 返回 straight 直 的； 笔直 的 直接； 径直 close 近 的； 接近 的 接近 地 单 词 形容 词 副词 单词 形容 词 副词 单 词 形容 词 副词 little 幼小 的 很少 enough 足够 的 足够地 hard 坚硬 的 努力 地 direct 直接 的 直接地 deep 深的 深深地 just 公正 的 仅仅 north　rapid　use　endanger (1)(2024西藏改编)Everyone should play a part in protecting wild animals. (2)(2024宿迁改编)Suqian， a city with rich cultures， is in the part of Jiangsu Province. (3)(2024兰州改编)It is very to be able to speak a foreign language. endangered　 northern　 useful　 1. (4)(2024无锡改编)The AI technology is changing all the time. rapidly　 常见的形容词(短语)、副词辨析 　　这类考题要求考生首先确定各选项的含义，然后根据上下文 语境，并运用自己的生活经验和知识积累，推测出考题要表达的 意思，从而确定正确答案。 词汇 用法 例句 alone与 lonely alone表示“独自一 人”的状态 The old man lives alone. lonely表示“孤单； 寂寞”的情绪 Although nobody came to see him， he didn’t feel lonely. 词汇 用法 例句 hard与 hardly hard作形容词时，意为“艰苦的；困 难的”；hard作副词时，意为“努力 地；猛烈地” That’s a very hard question. It was raining hard. hardly作副词时，意为“几乎不” It hardly rained at all last summer. 词汇 用法 例句 ago与 before ago只与一般过去时连用，ago前通 常要有表示时间的词 I saw this movie three days ago. before常与现在完成时或过去(完成) 时连用，并且可以作介词，后面接 名词或动名词作宾语 I had seen this movie three days before. 词汇 用法 例句 sometimes， sometime 与 some time sometimes表示“有时， 不时地” Sometimes I go to school on foot. sometime表示“某个时候”，可指将来，也可指过去 We’ll travel to Beijing sometime in June. some time表示“一段时间”，可以是几分钟、几小时、几天或几年 He had to be there for some time before Jim picked him up. 词汇 用法 例句 high 与tall high常用于形容物高，即高出地面的距 离；反义词是low The tower is very high. tall常指人的身高或事物的长(高)度—— 从顶部到底部的距离；反义词是short Jane is 165 cm tall. The tree is 10 meters tall. 词汇 用法 例句 dead与 dying dead意为“死的；死气 沉沉的” The man has been dead for five years. dying意为“垂死的； 临终的” Doctors are trying to save the dying patient. 词汇 用法 例句 ill与 sick ill作“生病的”时，只能作 表语，不能修饰名词 His aunt has been ill in bed for several years. sick作“生病的”时，可以修 饰名词，作定语 Judy has to take care of the sick man. 词汇 用法 例句 already， yet 与still already意为“已经”，通常用于陈 述句；用于疑问句时表示惊异、怀 疑；不用于否定句 Tom has already finished his work. yet意为“尚；仍然”，常用于否定 句和疑问句 They haven’t got there yet. 词汇 用法 例句 already， yet 与still still表示“仍然，还”，放于句中 Does the boy still stay in the hotel？ 词汇 用法 例句 instead 与 instead of instead只能单独使用， 常位于句首或句尾 We have no milk， and let’s use water instead. instead of 后接名词、 动名词、代词 You should do more sports instead of playing computer games. (　C　)2. (2024绥化改编)I could  　　　　 understand what he was saying because it’s  　　　　 to follow a quick speaker. A. hard； hardly B. hard； hard C. hardly； hard D. hardly；hardly C (　C　)3. (2024连云港)UNICEF helps build a better world for everyone，  　　　　 children all over the world. A. probably B. luckily C. especially D. closely C (2024连云港) (　B　)4.(2024江西)－Tom， can you help me with the housework？ －Sure， but I’m  　　　　 right now. A. lost B. busy C. worried D. lonely B (　A　)5. (2024安徽)In summer， the trees we planted in the school are  　　　　 with green leaves. A. thick B. soft C. clear D. light A 形容词、副词的原级 结构 含义 例句 A＋谓语动词＋as＋原级＋as ＋B 表示前后两者 情况一样 Bill runs as fast as Jack. A＋谓语动词的否定式＋ as/so＋原级＋as＋B 表示前者不如 后者 Tom isn’t as strong as Jack. 结构 含义 例句 倍数＋as＋原级＋as 表示倍数 The box is five times as big as that one. 有表示程度的副词very、so、 too、enough、quite等修饰时 很，十分， 非常；足够 地 The monkey is very clever. (　A　)6. (2023岳阳改编) Mind health is as  　　　　 as body health. A. important B. more important C. most important D. the most important A 7. (2024眉山改编)It is so hot， but the air conditioner doesn’t work. Please repair it as (quick) as possible. quickly　 形容词、副词的比较级 结构 含义 例句 A＋谓语动词＋比较级＋ than＋B 表示“A比B 更……” I am older than my good friend. A＋谓语动词＋比较级＋ than＋any other＋名词单数 (＋介词短语) 比较级表达最 高级意义 She is taller than any other girl in her class. 结构 含义 例句 A＋谓语动词＋比较级＋ than＋the other＋名词复数 (＋介词短语) 比较级表达最 高级意义 She runs faster than the other girls in her class. 结构 含义 例句 比较级＋and＋比较 级 表示“越来 越……” The days are getting longer and longer. the＋比较级，the＋ 比较级 表示“越……， 越……” The more you practice， the better you’ll be. 特殊疑问词＋谓语 动词＋比较级，A or B？ 表示 “哪个/谁 更……？” Which is bigger， the sun or the earth？ ※拓展 常见的置于比较级前的修饰语：much、far、even、still、a bit、a little、a lot。 (　B　)8. (2024天津)Many people think eating at home is  　　　　 than eating in the restaurant. A. healthy B. healthier C. healthiest D. the healthiest B (　B　)9. (2024福建改编)－Judy practices her oral English hard every day. －So she does. She pronounces words  　　　　 than before. A. clearly B. more clearly C. most clearly D. the most clearly B 形容词、副词的最高级 　　最高级用于三者或三者以上的比较，表示在某一范围内或某 类人或物中“最……”或“第几最……”。 结构 例句 主语＋谓语动词＋the(副词前可省略)＋ 最高级(＋单数名词)＋ in/of 短语 He is the tallest student in his class. 主语＋谓语动词＋one of the＋最高级＋ 名词复数＋in/of短语 He is one of the tallest boys in our class. 结构 例句 特殊疑问词＋谓语动词＋the(副词前 可省略)＋最高级，A， B or C？ Who runs (the) fastest， Tom， Jack or Bill？ 序数词＋最高级 He is the second tallest in his class. 10. (2024德阳改编)Of all the mountains， Qomolangma is the (high) in the world. 11. (2024包头改编)When Helen won a prize in the English competition， she believed she was the (happy) girl in the world. highest　 happiest　 ※知识点补充：形容词、副词的比较级与最高级的构成 1. 规则变化 分类 规则 例子 单音节和 少数双音 节词 一般情况比较级在词尾加 -er，最高级在词尾加-est high→higher→highest 以不发音字母e结尾的单词， 比较级直接加-r，最高级加 -st safe→safer→safest 分类 规则 例子 单音节 和少数 双音节 词 重读闭音节结尾的单词，词尾只 有一个辅音字母时，双写最后的 辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高 级加-est hot→hotter→hottest 分类 规则 例子 单音节 和少数 双音节 词 辅音字母加y结尾的单词，将y变 为i，比较级加-er， 最高级加 -est easy→easier→easiest 分类 规则 例子 多音节 和部分 双音节 词 一般情况比较级在前面 加more，最高级在前面 加most useful→more useful→most useful 分类 规则 例子 多音节 和部分 双音节 词 少数以-er结尾的双音节 词，其比较级和最高级 也是分别加-er，-est clever→cleverer→cleverest 2. 不规则变化 原级 比较 级 最高 级 原 级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best little less least bad/ill/badly worse worst far farther/further farthest/furthest many/much more most old older/elder oldest/eldest 形容词和副词在语法选择中的运用 ★1. 根据语境或关键词，判断形容词或副词的比较等级 ①(2024广东)Peter’s mother even suggests giving pocket money to children as  　39　 as when they are four. 39. A. early B. earlier C. earliest 【思路点拨】分析句子结构可知，as ... as中间用形容词或副词 的原级。故选A。 ②(2023广东)For him， a space camp is  　31　 than any other camp in the world. 31. A. great B. greater C. the greatest 【思路点拨】根据句意及空后的“than”可知，此处应用形容词 比较级。故选B。 ★2. 熟记词性，掌握副词的用法 (2022广东)Wang Yiyi passed the test  　35　 and became a student of that school. 35. A. success B. successful C. successfully 【思路点拨】分析句子可知，句子不缺少成分。根据句意可知， 此处指顺利地通过了测试，应用副词修饰动词passed。故选C。 形容词和副词在完形填空中的运用 ★1.根据语境和关键词，辨析形容词 ①(2024广东)She is trying to understand what goes wrong with the brain over time， and how people can age in a healthy way. It is very important， especially when people are living a  　42　 life now. 42. A. slower B. longer C. quieter D. simpler 【思路点拨】根据句意及上文“what goes wrong with the brain over time， and how people can age in a healthy way”可知，她 试图了解随着时间的推移，大脑会出现什么问题，以及人们如何 健康地老去，这很重要，尤其现在人们都长寿。故选B。 ②(2024广东)... She is trying to understand what goes wrong with the brain over time， and how people can age in a healthy way. ... Now， she has got a doctor’s degree in biology and become a famous  　44　 researcher. Betty has made it partly because she is curious about everything. This is a very  　45　 quality for a scientist. 44. A. social B. medical C. educational D. environmental 45. A. poor B. strange C. similar D. important 【思路点拨】根据句意及上文“what goes wrong with the brain over time， and how people can age in a healthy way”可知，她 成为了一名医学研究人员。根据“Betty has made it partly because she is curious about everything.”可知，对科学家来 说，对一切充满好奇心是非常重要的品质。故44和45题分别选B 和D。 ★2.根据语境，辨析副词 (2024广东)But when things don’t go  　48　 as she plans， she feels no disappointment. 48. A. safely B. crazily C. blindly D. smoothly 【思路点拨】根据句意及“she feels no disappointment”可知， 当事情不能按计划顺利进行时，她也不会感到失望。故选D。 形容词和副词在短文填空中的运用 ★1.根据语境及关键词，判定形容词 (2024广东)They share road information， biking experience and sometimes even meals. They are just like a  　74　 family. 【思路点拨】根据句意及上文“share road information， biking experience and sometimes even meals”可知，他们分享道路信 息、骑行经验，甚至一起吃饭，所以此处指他们就像是一个大家 庭。故填big。 ★2.根据语境或固定搭配，判定副词 (2024广东)She  　67　 exercised before because she didn’t like sports much. 【思路点拨】根据语境及“because she didn’t like sports much” 可知，她以前很少锻炼，因为她不是太喜欢运动。故填seldom。 ※拓展：形容词/副词填空 一、单项填空 (　B　)1. (2024柳州三模改编)Mr. Green spoke so  　　　　that everyone could hear him. A. quickly B. loudly C. angrily D. quietly B (　C　)2. (2024梧州一模改编)I think playing table tennis is one of  　　　　sports in China. A. popular B. more popular C. the most popular D. most popular C (　A　)3. I’m very good at languages， so I  　　　　fail in the English exam. A. never B. usually C. always D. often A (　A　)4. －Mrs. Black has been really  　　　　since her husband died. －Let’s do something to cheer her up. A. down B. proud C. creative D. angry A (　C　)5.People should know that the harder they work，  　　　　they will be. A. luckier B. the lucky C. the luckier D. the luckiest C 二、从方框中选择恰当的单词，并用其正确形式填空 　dry　little　real　bore　well　 1. It’s cold today， so put on your coat. 2. The plants will grow much because of enough rain. 3. This year， the weather in southwest China is than any other time in history. 4. The film is very . I don’t want to see it again. 5. Young children need to sleep at nine hours every night. really　 better　 drier　 boring　 least　 三、小语篇特训 (一)语法选择 　　The Monkey King is the main character from the famous Chinese story Journey to the West. He is  　1　 because he helps weak people. (　B　)1. A. wonder B. wonderful C. wonderfully B 　　The Monkey King has a magic stick. He uses it to fight  　2　 people. He can make the stick big or small. He can sometimes make the stick so  　3　 that he can put it in his ear. As  　4　 as he sees bad people， he thinks of ways to fight them. He can turn himself (　A　)2.A. bad B. worse C. worst (　A　)3. A. small B. smaller C. smallest (　C　)4. A. sooner B. soonest C. soon A A C into  　5　 animals and objects. But unless he can hide his tail， he cannot make himself a human. Children all over the world love the Monkey King！ (　B　)5. A. difference B. different C. differently B (二)完形填空 　　When I had something difficult to do， I used to ask my mum for help. But she always said， “Do it yourself， dear.” I would get so  　1　 that I couldn’t talk with my mother at that time. I thought she was the  　2　 mother in the world！ One day， I (　C　)1.A. happy B. excited C. angry D. tired (　B　)2. A. best B. worst C. youngest D. greatest C B ecided to invite some friends to my home. My bedroom was in a big mess. Books were all over the table and the floor. I didn’t make my bed， so I asked my mother to help me clean it. But she said  　3　， “Do it yourself， dear.” Because of my “lazy mum”， I have to wash my clothes and clean my room. I often help my parents do (　A　)3. A. seriously B. slowly C. differently D. easily A housework. It is really  　4　 to do everything on my own， but I have learned so much. As time goes by， I begin to understand her. I  　5　 remember what my mum always says， “Do it yourself， dear！ Work can make you independent and sunny！” (　D　)4. A. quick B. lucky C. good D. hard (　D　)5. A. really B. finally C. quietly D. clearly D D (三)短文填空 　　请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空， 使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词， 每词仅用一次， 有两词为多余项。 high　quite　luckily　successful　fast　young　excite 　　Erik Weihenmayer is an American adventurer(探险家). When he was 1. ， he always went camping with his brothers. But 2. ， he became blind at the age of 13. But this has not stopped him from living a(n) 3. life. On May 25， 2001， he reached the top of Qomolangma. He was so proud that he made it possible for people who cannot see to climb the world’s 4. mountain. Three years later， he led a group of blind teenagers up the 7，045-meter Lhakpa Ri mountain. Although the group did not get to the top 5. ， their amazing journey was made into a movie called Blindsight. young　 unluckily　 exciting　 highest　 successfully　 四、完形填空 　　One evening I was in a coffee shop with my friend. When we were enjoying a 　1　 time， an old man entered and sat at a table next to us. He called the  　2　 and placed his order， saying， “Two cups of coffee， one on the wall.” (　D　)1. A. boring B. different C. lazy D. relaxing (　B　)2. A. boss B. waiter C. teacher D. nurse D B 　　Then the waiter  　3　 the man with one cup of coffee， but he paid for two. When he left， the waiter  　4　 a piece of paper on the wall， saying “A Cup of Coffee”. I  　5　 there were several pieces of paper which were the same as this one on the wall. (　D　)3. A. sold B. borrowed C. passed D. served (　C　)4. A. saw B. threw C. placed D. found (　A　)5. A. noticed B. heard C. watched D. learned D C A 　　My friend and I felt very  　6　. After a while， a poorly dressed man entered. He got his seat and  　7　 the wall and said，“One cup from the wall.” (　B　)6. A. excited B. surprised C. confident D. crazy (　D　)7. A. looked after B. shouted at C. laughed at D. looked at 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。根据句意可知，此处指他找了一个 座位，看着墙并点了一杯咖啡。故选D。 B D 　　The waiter offered him the coffee  　8　. The man enjoyed it and then left without paying. Then the waiter took off a piece of paper from the  　9　. (　A　)8. A. politely B. quickly C. unhappily D. suddenly (　D　)9. A. table B. board C. kitchen D. wall A D 　　Then we well understood what was happening. The first man and the waiter showed great respect(尊重) for people like the poor man. They could have a(n)  　10　 to enjoy a cup of free coffee without losing face. How beautiful the idea was！ (　C　)10. A. time B. place C. chance D. idea C $$