专题03 Module 1~Module 12 常考点和易错点串讲【考点清单】-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲(外研版)

2024-11-25
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Module1-Module12常考点和易错点串讲 1.forget用法 2 2.possible的用法 2 3. population 用法 2 4. look up的用法 3 5. exciting 用法 3 6.loud、 loudly与aloud的辨析 4 7.win/beat/lose 4 8.“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”意为“越……,就越……”。 4 9.offer与provide的辨析 5 10.advise/advice/suggest/suggestion 5 11.oneof.... 6 12. mind的用法 6 13.allow用法 7 14.interested的用法 7 15.raise/rise 8 16. danger的用法 8 17.need 用法 8 18.except/besides/but/except for 9 19.agree with/agree to/agree on/agree to do sth. 10 20.too+adj.+to do意为“太……而不能……” 10 21.prepare的用法 11 22.stop的用法 11 23.happen/take place 12 24.fall的用法 12 26.while/when/as 13 27.one fifth 14 28.Me neither. 14 29.surprise的用法 14 30.one/it/that/those 15 31.had better意为“最好” 15 32.accept/receive 16 33.have trouble doing 16 34.warn的用法 17 35.hope/wish 17 1.forget用法 (1)forget作及物动词,意为“忘记”,其反义词是remember,后接名词、代词、动词不定式、动词-ing形式或从句。forget to do sth.意为“忘记要做某事”,指事情还没有做;forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事”,指事情已经做过了,但忘记了。remember也有此用法。试比较: The light in the office is still on.He forgot to turn it off.办公室的灯还亮着,他忘记关灯了。(没有做关灯的动作) He forgot turning off the light.他忘记他已经关了灯了。(已做过关灯的动作) 2.possible的用法 Let's try to speak English as much as possible. 我们尽可能多说英语吧。(P2) 1.Have you ever thought about seeing the world for free? Although it may sound ____________(possible), there's a growing community that is making that dream one step closer. 2.我们应该尽可能多地读书。(as...as) _________________________________________________________________________________ 1.impossible2.We are supposed to/should/ought to read books as much as possible. 3. population 用法 population作名词,意为“人口”,为集合名词,常被看作一个整体,无复数形式,谓语动词用单数。具体用法如下: (1)population之前若有分数或百分数修饰或用于指具体人数作主语时,谓语动词则用复数形式。如: About seventy percent of the population in our school are boys.我们学校有百分之七十的学生是男生。 (2)表示某国、某城市有多少人口时,一般说“has a population of…”或者“the population of…is…”。如: The city has a population of about 110,000. = The population of the city is about 110,000.这个城市的人口大约有11万。 (3)表示人口“多”或“少”时,一般用large 或small 来表示,而不用many和 few。如: China has a large population.中国人口众多。 (4)提问“有多少人口”时,用what,而不用how many 或how much。如: What's the population of Hongkong?香港有多少人口? (5)问某地有多少人口时,还可以表达为:How large is/was+the population of+地名? 也可以用how many people 来替换。 4. look up的用法 I agree it is a good idea to look up new words in the dictionary. 我同意在词典里查阅新单词是个好主意。 1.—Do you know Yao Ming? —Yes. Many young people ______ him, who has won many prizes of basketball. A.look down on B.look forward to C.look up to D.look out for 2.你可以在词典上查阅这个单词。(look up) ________________________________________________________ 1.C2.You can look up the word in the dictionary. 5. exciting 用法 excite作动词,意为“(使)兴奋;激发;唤起”,其名词形式为excitement,形容词形式为excited和exciting。 (1)exciting表示“令人激动/兴奋的”,在句中一般用作定语或表语,用来修饰或说明人或事物的特性,通常用表示“事物”的名词或代词作主语。 (2)excited表示“感到激动/兴奋的”,在句中一般用作表语,说明人对其他人或事物的感觉,通常用表示“人”的名词或代词作主语。 类似结构的形容词还有: interested(有兴趣的), interesting(令人感兴趣的); surprised(吃惊的), surprising(令人吃惊的); tired(厌倦的;疲倦的), tiring(令人疲倦的); amazed(吃惊的), amazing(令人惊讶的); bored(感到厌倦的), boring(令人厌倦的)等。 6.loud、 loudly与aloud的辨析 They cheer us on loudly and we feel more confident to win the game. 他们大声为我们加油,我们更有信心赢得比赛了。 loud 形容词或副词,意为“大声的(地)” loudly 副词,意为“大声地”,在speak、 talk、 say、 laugh等与“发声”有关的动词后,强调“声音大”,有时含有“吵到别人”的意味 aloud 副词,意为“出声地;大声地”,强调“发出声音”,而非“声音很大” 1.不要大声说话。在公共场合压低声音是礼貌的。(keep...down) _________________________________________________________________________________ 2.When I finished, I heard ______ cheers. A.quieter B.louder C.quicker D.wider 1.Don't speak loudly. It's polite to keep your voice down in public.2.B 7.win/beat/lose (1)win表示“赢”,其宾语是表示比赛、奖品等内容的词语。win还可作不及物动词,后面不接宾语,表示“获胜”。其反义词为lose,意为“输了”,常用于lose to sb.意为“输给某人”。 (2) beat表示在比赛中打败某人,意为“赢”,此时,其宾语只能是表示人或团队的词语。 【拓展】beat常表示“打”,这时,指的是接连打击某人或某物。此外,beat还可用来表示心脏的跳动。 8.“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”意为“越……,就越……”。 “the+比较级...,the+比较级...”意为“越……,就越……”。如: The more you practise,the better you will speak English.你练习的越多,你英语说得越好。 If you practice more,you will speak English better. 【链接】 “比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越……”,当其中的形容词或副词的比较级是通过加more构成时,用“more and more+形容词/副词原级”。如: The weather is getting warmer and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和了。 She looks more and more beautiful.她看起来越来越漂亮了。 9.offer与provide的辨析 You know, I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered to take me there. 你知道,我想看京剧,因此玲玲提议带我去那儿。(P34) offer 作动词,意为“主动提出;自愿给予”,常用搭配: offer sb. sth. ;offer sth. (to sb.)(for sth.) offer him the job=offer the job to him把这个工作岗位提供给他 作名词,意为“主动提议” a job offer 一个工作机会 provide 作动词,意为“提供”。常用搭配:provide sb. with sth. ;provide sth. for sb. provide the public with a service=provide a service for the public 为公众提供服务 1.I should ______ you a job rather than just giving you one thousand pounds. It would be my pleasure to work with a person as honest as you. A.send B.show C.offer D.teach 2.My father works as a volunteer to offer his help __ the community. 3.每年我们城市都会为山村的孩子们提供书本和学习用品。(school things) _____________________________________________________________________ 1.C2.to3.Every year, our city provides books and school things for the children in mountain villages./Every year, our city provides the children in mountain villages with books and school things. 10.advise/advice/suggest/suggestion 考点 词性 用法 advice 不可数名词  常用结构: a piece of advice (一条建议), give sb.some advice about(给某人一些关于……的建议), ask for some advice (寻求建议) suggestion 可数名词 常用结构: a suggestion(一条建议), some/many suggestions (一些/许多建议) advise 动词 “向……建议”, advise sb.(not) to do sth. 建议某人(不要)做某事; advise doing sth.建议做某事 共同点: 二者后面接宾语从句时从句动词形式必须为should(not)do suggest 动词 suggest doing sth.建议做某事, suggest sth.to sb.向某人建议某事 1.Some scientists have suggested a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels ______ in oceans. A.set B.sets C.to set D.be set 2.You are alone now. I'm not there to help you or give you any kind of ________(advise). 1.D2.advice 11.oneof.... (1)“主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……之一”。该短语为单数含义,作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。如: One of the best ways to learn English is to listen to the radio.学英语的最好方法之一是听收音机。 (2)famous为形容词,意为“有名的;出名的”,近义词为well-known。常用词组有: be famous/well-known for 因……而出名 be famous/well-known as 作为……而出名 be famous/well-known to 对……来说很出名 如: Lu Xun is famous to almost every Chinese as a great writer. 鲁迅作为一个伟大的作家几乎为每个中国人所熟知。 12. mind的用法 Never mind. 不要紧 1.I used to have little passion(激情) in my life. But what happened the other day changed my ______. A.knowledge B.mind C.decision D.difference 2.我的爸爸已经下定决心要减肥。(lose weight) ____________________________________________________________ 1.B2.My father has made up his mind to lose weight. 13.allow用法 allow v.允许;准许。常用结构为: allow doing sth.允许做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 sb. be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事 如:We don't allow eating in the classrooms.我们不允许在教室吃饭。 My parents don't allow me to go out at night.我父母不允许我晚上外出。 Passengers are not allowed to smoke on the bus.乘客不准在车上吸烟。 1.Mom doesn't allow me ______ up too late. She says it is bad for my health. A.stay B.to stay C.staying D.stays B 14.interested的用法 But I am more interested to see the pandas in the Wolong Panda Reserve... 但我更想去看看卧龙大熊猫自然保护区里的大熊猫…… 1.—What an ______ story you told us! —I'm glad you're all ______ in it. A.interested; interested B.interesting; interesting C.interesting; interested D.interested; interesting 2.如果你有兴趣,周末我可以陪你一起去。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1.C2.If you have interest (in it), I will/can go with you on weekends./If you are interested (in it), I will/can go with you on the weekend. 15.raise/rise 考点 过去式、过去分词 常用结构 词义 备注 rise rose,risen 主语+rise (事物/热情)上升 (价钱/工资)上涨 不及物动词,不能用于被动语态 raise raised,raised 主语+raise+宾语 升起;抬起;饲养;抚养;筹集;提高 及物动词,可以用于被动语态 16. danger的用法 It's sad to think of pandas and other animals in danger. 想到大熊猫和其他濒危动物,真是让人难过。(P42) 1.She was floating(漂浮) on her back, kicking and shouting. The little girl was in great ______! A.danger B.shape C.spirits D.numbers 2.It can be ____________(danger) for the people to give food to wild animals. 3.让我们来保护那些处于危险中的动物。 ________________________________________________ 1.A2.dangerous3.Let's protect the animals in danger. 17.need 用法 need意为“需要”,可作实义动词和情态动词。 (1)作实义动词时有人称、数和时态的变化(在变为否定句和疑问句时需借助于助动词)。 ①当主语是人时,后可接名词和动词不定式,即:need sth./ need to do sth.。如: He needs some help.他需要帮助。 You don't need to do it at once.你不必马上做那件事情。 ②当主语为物时,后接名词或v.-ing,后接v.-ing时表被动,即need doing=need to be done。如: The flowers need watering.=The flowers need to be watered.这些花需要浇水。 (2)作情态动词时不能独立作谓语,必须和动词原形一起构成谓语,即后面必须接动词原形(无人称、数和时态的变化,常用于否定句和疑问句中)。如: You needn't go this week.=You don’t need to go this week.这周你不必去。 (3)由need引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答一般用must,否定回答一般用needn't。如: —Need I come?我需要来吗? —Yes,you must./ No,you needn't.是的,你必须来。/不,你没必要来。 注:由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答一般用must,否定回答一般用needn't或 don't have to。如: —Must I go now?我现在必须去吗? —Yes,you must./No,you needn't/don't have to.是的,你必须去。/不,你不一定要现在去。 (4)作名词,意为“需要”,常用结构为: in(great)need of...(急)需要... There is no need to do…没有必要做…… 18.except/besides/but/except for 考点 用法 except 作介词,意为“除……之外(不再有)”。指从整体中排除except所带的人或物,前面常有all,every,any,no及其他限定词。 besides 作介词,意为“除……之外(还有)”。相当于as well as。指在原来的基础上加上besides后接的宾语(人或物)。 but 作介词,意为“除……之外”。其常与否定意义的词连用;当but前有实义动词do或其相关形式时,but后接不带to的不定式。 except for 意为“除了……”。它后面接的词同句子的整体词(主语)不同类,指从整体中除去一个细节或方面。 1.All of us helped to clean up the city park ______ Tom. He had a bad cold. A.beside B.except C.besides D.with 2.If Tom had thought about ______ but complaining, he would have had a bad day painting the fence. A.everything B.anything C.nothing D.something 3.除了玛丽生病在家,我们都去农场当志愿者了。 _________________________________________________________________________________ 1.B 2.C 3.We all volunteered on the farm except Mary, who was ill at home. 19.agree with/agree to/agree on/agree to do sth. 考点 用法 agree with sb 后面接表示人的名词或代词,表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等。 agree to sth 主要用来表示一方提出一项建议、安排、计划等,另一方同意协作。 agree on sth 主要指双方就某事通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议。 agree to do sth. 指同意做某事。 1.In China, “nodding” means ____________(agree). But in Bulgaria, it means the opposite. 2.我想知道你是否同意我的观点。(whether...or not) ________________________________________________________ 20.too+adj.+to do意为“太……而不能……” too+adj.+to do意为“太……而不能……”。其中too是副词,后跟形容词或副词,to为动词不定式符号后跟动词原形。 可与too…to…结构互换的结构有: (1)not+adj.+enough to do sth.不够……而不能做某事;其中enough作形容词修饰名词,放在名词前后均可;作副词修饰形容词、副词或动词时,要放在被修饰词之后。此结构若与too…to…互换,not后的形容词需为too后形容词的反义词。 (2)so+adj.+that+从句,如此……以至于……。当too…to…句型改为so…that…句型时,that引导的结果状语从句需根据时态用can't或couldn't加动词原形,以强调能力。 Eg:Tom is too young to go to school alone. =Tom is not old enough to go to school alone. =Tom is so young that he can’t go to school alone. 【拓展】 与“so+adj.+that+从句”相似的句型: so+adj.+a/an+n.+that+从句;eg:Tom is so clever a boy that he can solve the problem. such+a/an+adj.+n.+that+从句 =Tom is such a clever boy that he can solve the problem. 1.He was too ________________(disappoint) to feel anything. 2.No matter where you are, what you've done, and how you feel about yourself, it's never ____ late to start. 1.disappointed2.too 21.prepare的用法 I'm preparing a report called “The world's population”. 我正在准备一篇叫作《世界人口》的报告。 1.我正准备离开。(prepare to do sth.) ______________________________ 2.To many Chinese people, the process of ____________(prepare) the Spring Festival dinner together is more important than the dinner itself. 3.Some parents ________________(prepare) almost everything for their children since they were born. 1.I'm preparing to leave.2.preparing3.have prepared 22.stop的用法 (1)stop的用法 ①v.阻止,阻拦;stop / prevent / keep sb./ sth.from doing sth.阻止某人/某物做某事。 ②v.停止;stop doing sth.=give up doing sth停止做某事;stop to do sth.停下来再做某事。 【拓展】 既可接动名词又可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:begin,start,like,love,try,mean,forget,remember,prefer,stop等 start/begin to do sth=start/begin doing sth开始做某事 like/love/prefer/hate/dislike to do sth (具体/一次性动作) like/love/prefer/hate/dislike doing sth (抽象/常态性动作) try to do sth 尽力做某事 try doing sth尝试做某事 mean to do sth打算做某事 mean doing sth意味着做某事 regret to do sth对将做的事情表示遗憾 regret doing sth后悔做过某事 continue=go on to do sth继续做另一件事 continue=go on doing sth继续做原来的动作 can’t help to do sth不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing sth情不自禁做某事 1.My father was surprised at my attitude. At once he ________(stop) what he was doing to talk to me. 2.The green-colored avocado(牛油果) toast for breakfast becomes many youths' favorite. They just can't stop ________(eat) it. 1.stopped2.eating 23.happen/take place 相同点:二者都有“发生”之意,常用作:sth.happen/take place 而不能用happen/take place sth.即都为不及物动词,无被动语态。 不同点: (1)take place表示“发生,举行,举办”,一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”,即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。如: Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the last ten years. 在过去的十年里我的家乡发生了很大变化。 (2)happen指偶然发生,具有不可预测性,主语一般是某事或某物。 表示某人发生了什么事常用sth.happen to sb.结构; happen作“碰巧”之意时,常用sb.happen to do sth.和It happens that从句结构。如: What happened to you?你发生了什么事? I happened to see him this morning. = It happened that I saw him this morning.我今天早上碰巧看见了他。 24.fall的用法 Alice followed it and fell down a hole in the ground. 爱丽丝跟在它的后面,掉进一个地洞里。 1.—What's the matter with you, Tony? —I fell ______ my bike and hurt my legs. A.of B.off C.from D.down 2.The first year had gone smoothly. But as most students progressed, I seemed to ______ behind. A.walk B.fall C.step D.move 1.B 2.B 25.as soon as意为“一……就……” as soon as意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句。在含有as soon as,when,until等词引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,如果主句是一般将来时,则从句常用一般现在时。这和if的用法类似。 I will write you as soon as I get there.我一到那里就给你写信。 I won't stop shouting until you let me go.你不放我走,我就一直喊叫。 26.while/when/as (1)while作从属连词,引导时间状语从句。while 意为“在/当……的时候;和……同时”,从句中的动词只能是延续性的或表示状态的动词;作并列连词时,表示两者之间的对比关系,意为“而,然而”。主从句的时态通常是相同的。如: While we were talking,the teacher came in.我们正在谈话时,老师进来了。 He is strong while his brother is weak.他长得很结实,而他弟弟却很瘦弱。 (2)when作从属连词,引导时间状语从句。when意为“在/当……的时候”;从句中谓语动词是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词。常可代替while 与as。如: When/While/As we were dancing,a stranger came in.我们跳舞时,一位陌生人走了进来。 (3)as作从属连词,意为“当……时候”,引导时间状语从句,强调同时发生,不分前后。 还可以说明两种正发展或变化的情况,有“随着”的意思,表示时间的推移。 还可表示“一边……一边……”,侧重两个动作同时发生。如: As the time went on,the weather got worse.随着时间的推移,天气变得越来越糟糕。 1.While I ______________ (write), the teacher came in. 2.While I ________________ (watch) TV, my father ______________ (read) a newspaper at the same time. 3.你喜欢数学,而我更喜欢英语。 __________________________________________________ 4.昨晚,当我正在写日记时,我的姐姐正在读书。(while) _________________________________________________________________________________ 5.当我回家时,我的妈妈正在做饭。(when) ______________________________________________________________ 1.was writing 2.was watching; was reading 3.You like math, while I prefer English. 4.Last night, while I was writing a diary, my sister was reading a book. 5.My mother was cooking when I returned/got home. 27.one fifth 五分之一…… 分数的表达: (1)分数是由基数词和序数词构成的,分子用基数词,分母用序数词。如:one third三分之一 (2)分子大于“1”时,序数词后要加-s。 如:four fifths五分之四 (3)分数作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由分数词后面的名词决定。 (4)分数的特例表达有:a quarter四分之一,a half二分之一 28.Me neither.我也不。 (1)neither作形容词,意为“(两者)都不”,常置于单数名词前; 作代词可以单独使用,或用于“neither of the+复数名词”结构中; 作连词时常用结构neither…nor,意为“既不……也不……”,连接两个并列成分,当连接主语时,谓语动词要与nor后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 (2)neither作副词,意为“也不”,放在句首。 用于结构“neither/nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”中,表示前面所述的否定内容也适用于另一个人或物。此处me neither= neither do I。 【拓展】 注意代词both,either和neither的区别:both表示“(两者)都”,作主语时谓语动词用复数,作定语时修饰复数名词;either表示“(两者中)任一”,作主语时谓语常用单数,作定语时修饰单数名词;neither表示“(两者)都不”,作主语时谓语单复数均可,作定语时修饰单数名词。 1.—It's a pity that ______ my teachers ______ my parents allow me to swim alone. —After all, you are too young. Safety first. A.neither;nor B.both;and C.not only;but also 2.The tyres are neither too full ______ too flat. This will ensure that you have a pleasant trip. A.or B.and C.but D.nor 1.A 2.D 29.surprise的用法 What a surprise! 这真是个惊喜! 1.我父亲对我的态度感到吃惊。 ____________________________________________________ 2.— my surprise, the restaurant is actually very nice. —The service is also great. 1.My father was surprised at my attitude.2.To 30.one/it/that/those 考点 用法 one 代替的是前面提到的同名异物中的任意一个,代替可数名词单数,表示泛指,相当于“a/an +名词”,复数形式为ones;但是the one,that one,this one可以表示确指。 it 代替前面提到的同一名称的同一事物(即同名同物),所代替的名词可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。 that 代替前面提到的同名异物中特指的事物,相当于“the+名词”,代替可数或不可数名词,表确指,常用于比较。 those 同名异物中特指的事物,只能指代复数名词,相当于the ones或that的复数形式,常用于比较。 31.had better意为“最好” (1)had better意为“最好”,后接动词原形,常构成短语had better do sth.; 其否定形式是had better not do sth.。如: You had better go before it rains.你最好在下雨前去那儿。 You had better not miss the last bus.你最好别错过末班车。 【拓展】 had better和主语缩写成:主语+'d better。 (2)“have+宾语+过去分词”结构表示“让某事被做”。在该句型中宾语与宾补间为动宾关系,该宾补动作常由他人来完成,因此含有被动意义。 如:He has had his hair cut.他把头发剪了。 have sth to do 有某事要做 have sb/sth do sth让某人/事物做某事 have sb/sth done让某人/事物被... 32.accept/receive 考点 用法 例句 accept 指经过考虑,由主观意志来决定接受,动作者本身是主动的。 Kate received a gift but she didn't accept it.凯特收到一份礼物,但是她并没有接受。 receive 强调客观上收到,指收到某物这一动作,本身有一定的被动性,不包含本身是否愿意接受的意思。 注意:接受教育常用receive an education。 另外receive还表示“接见,接待”。 1.她收到了他的礼物,但是她没有接受。 ____________________________________________________________________ 2.She was chosen along with nine other honorees(获奖者) on March 3rd ______ the award on China Central Television. A.to accept B.to receive C.accept D.receive 3.WeChat(微信) is widely used in our daily life, but we'd better not ______ requests from strangers. A.avoid B.delete C.accept D.refuse 1.She received his present, but she didn't accept it.2.B 3.C 33.have trouble doing trouble作名词时,常用短语有: be in trouble处于困境中, get into trouble陷入麻烦中, have trouble (in) doing做某事有困难。其中的trouble也可换成difficulty或problem。在这种结构中,problem是可数名词,trouble和difficulty是不可数名词,它们的前面都可用some,any,much,little,no等词语修饰。 【拓展】 与这种结构类似的还有have fun (in) doing sth.,意为“做某事很开心”,fun是不可数名词,前面可用great,much,a lot of等词语修饰。 1.I have trouble __________ (learn) English. Could you help me? 2.The Maths problem is quite easy. Few of us have difficulty ________________ (work) it out. 3.I have fun ________ (play) basketball with my classmates after school. 4.如果你有烦恼, 就和朋友聊聊吧。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1.learning2.(in) working3.playing 4.If you have trouble/problems/worries/are in trouble/are worried, (you can)talk with (to)/(have a) chat/discuss/have a talk with/speak to your friend(s). 34.warn的用法 Earthquakes always happen suddenly, so it is difficult to warn people about them.地震往往发生得很突然,所以很难给人们预警。 35.hope/wish 考点 共同点 不同点 hope (1)都可作名词。 (2)作动词时,都可以接不定式作宾语,构成hope/wish to do sth.结构,意为“希望做某事”。 (3)二者都能接that引导的从句。 (1)作名词时wish表示“愿望,祝愿,心愿”,常用作可数名词。常用短语:send my best wishes to (2)用作动词时 ①wish可接双宾语如:wish sb.success祝某人成功。 ②wish能接复合宾语构成wish sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事。 ③hope可以和for连用,构成hope for sth.希望得到…… ④hope可与so或not连用,分别代替一个具有肯定和否定意义的宾语从句。 ⑤wish后面接that从句时,从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气。 wish 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Module1-Module12常考点和易错点串讲 1.forget用法 2 2.possible的用法 2 3. population 用法 2 4. look up的用法 3 5. exciting 用法 3 6.loud、 loudly与aloud的辨析 4 7.win/beat/lose 4 8.“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”意为“越……,就越……”。 4 9.offer与provide的辨析 5 10.advise/advice/suggest/suggestion 5 11.oneof.... 6 12. mind的用法 6 13.allow用法 7 14.interested的用法 7 15.raise/rise 8 16. danger的用法 8 17.need 用法 8 18.except/besides/but/except for 9 19.agree with/agree to/agree on/agree to do sth. 10 20.too+adj.+to do意为“太……而不能……” 10 21.prepare的用法 11 22.stop的用法 11 23.happen/take place 12 24.fall的用法 12 26.while/when/as 13 27.one fifth 14 28.Me neither. 14 29.surprise的用法 14 30.one/it/that/those 15 31.had better意为“最好” 15 32.accept/receive 16 33.have trouble doing 16 34.warn的用法 17 35.hope/wish 17 1.forget用法 (1)forget作及物动词,意为“忘记”,其反义词是remember,后接名词、代词、动词不定式、动词-ing形式或从句。forget to do sth.意为“忘记要做某事”,指事情还没有做;forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事”,指事情已经做过了,但忘记了。remember也有此用法。试比较: The light in the office is still on.He forgot it off.办公室的灯还亮着,他忘记关灯了。(没有做关灯的动作) He forgot off the light.他忘记他已经关了灯了。(已做过关灯的动作) 2.possible的用法 Let's try to speak English as much as possible. 我们尽可能多说英语吧。(P2) 1.Have you ever thought about seeing the world for free? Although it may sound ____________(possible), there's a growing community that is making that dream one step closer. 2.我们应该尽可能多地读书。(as...as) _________________________________________________________________________________ 3. population 用法 population作名词,意为“人口”,为集合名词,常被看作一个整体,无复数形式,谓语动词用单数。具体用法如下: (1)population之前若有分数或百分数修饰或用于指具体人数作主语时,谓语动词则用复数形式。如: About seventy percent of the population in our school are boys.我们学校有百分之七十的学生是男生。 (2)表示某国、某城市有多少人口时,一般说“has a population of…”或者“the population of…is…”。如: The city a population of about 110,000. = The population of the city about 110,000.这个城市的人口大约有11万。 (3)表示人口“多”或“少”时,一般用large 或small 来表示,而不用many和 few。如: China has a population.中国人口众多。 (4)提问“有多少人口”时,用what,而不用how many 或how much。如: What's the population of Hongkong?香港有多少人口? (5)问某地有多少人口时,还可以表达为:How large is/was+the population of+地名? 也可以用how many people 来替换。 4. look up的用法 I agree it is a good idea to look up new words in the dictionary. 我同意在词典里查阅新单词是个好主意。 1.—Do you know Yao Ming? —Yes. Many young people ______ him, who has won many prizes of basketball. A.look down on B.look forward to C.look up to D.look out for 2.你可以在词典上查阅这个单词。(look up) ________________________________________________________ 5. exciting 用法 excite作动词,意为“(使)兴奋;激发;唤起”,其名词形式为excitement,形容词形式为excited和exciting。 (1)exciting表示“令人激动/兴奋的”,在句中一般用作定语或表语,用来修饰或说明人或事物的特性,通常用表示“事物”的名词或代词作主语。 (2)excited表示“感到激动/兴奋的”,在句中一般用作表语,说明人对其他人或事物的感觉,通常用表示“人”的名词或代词作主语。 类似结构的形容词还有: interested interesting surprised surprising tired tiring amazed amazing bored boring 6.loud、 loudly与aloud的辨析 They cheer us on loudly and we feel more confident to win the game. 他们大声为我们加油,我们更有信心赢得比赛了。 loud 形容词或副词,意为“大声的(地)” loudly 副词,意为“大声地”,在speak、 talk、 say、 laugh等与“发声”有关的动词后,强调“声音大”,有时含有“吵到别人”的意味 aloud 副词,意为“出声地;大声地”,强调“发出声音”,而非“声音很大” 1.不要大声说话。在公共场合压低声音是礼貌的。(keep...down) _________________________________________________________________________________ 2.When I finished, I heard ______ cheers. A.quieter B.louder C.quicker D.wider 7.win/beat/lose (1)win表示“赢”,其宾语是表示 等内容的词语。win还可作不及物动词,后面不接宾语,表示“获胜”。其反义词为lose,意为“ ”,常用于lose to sb.意为“输给某人”。 (2) beat表示在比赛中打败 ,意为“赢”,此时,其宾语只能是表示 的词语。 【拓展】beat常表示“打”,这时,指的是接连打击某人或某物。此外,beat还可用来表示心脏的跳动。 8.“the+比较级...,the+比较级...”意为“越……,就越……”。 “the+比较级...,the+比较级...”意为“越……,就越……”。如: The more you ,the better you English.你练习的越多,你英语说得越好。 If you practice more,you will speak English better. 【链接】 “比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越……”,当其中的形容词或副词的比较级是通过加more构成时,用“more and more+形容词/副词原级”。如: The weather is getting .天气变得越来越暖和了。 She looks .她看起来越来越漂亮了。 9.offer与provide的辨析 You know, I wanted to see the Beijing Opera, so Lingling offered to take me there. 你知道,我想看京剧,因此玲玲提议带我去那儿。(P34) offer 作动词,意为“主动提出;自愿给予”,常用搭配: offer sb. sth. ;offer sth. (to sb.)(for sth.) offer him the job=offer the job to him把这个工作岗位提供给他 作名词,意为“主动提议” a job offer 一个工作机会 provide 作动词,意为“提供”。常用搭配:provide sb. with sth. ;provide sth. for sb. provide the public with a service=provide a service for the public 为公众提供服务 1.I should ______ you a job rather than just giving you one thousand pounds. It would be my pleasure to work with a person as honest as you. A.send B.show C.offer D.teach 2.My father works as a volunteer to offer his help __ the community. 3.每年我们城市都会为山村的孩子们提供书本和学习用品。(school things) _____________________________________________________________________ 10.advise/advice/suggest/suggestion 考点 词性 用法 advice 不可数名词  常用结构: a piece of advice (一条建议), give sb.some advice about(给某人一些关于……的建议), ask for some advice (寻求建议) suggestion 可数名词 常用结构: a suggestion(一条建议), some/many suggestions (一些/许多建议) advise 动词 “向……建议”, advise sb.(not) sth. 建议某人(不要)做某事; advise sth.建议做某事 共同点: 二者后面接宾语从句时从句动词形式必须为should(not)do suggest 动词 suggest sth.建议做某事, suggest sth.to sb.向某人建议某事 1.Some scientists have suggested a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels ______ in oceans. A.set B.sets C.to set D.be set 2.You are alone now. I'm not there to help you or give you any kind of ________(advise). 11.oneof.... (1)“主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词+in/of短语”表示“……是……中最……之一”。该短语为单数含义,作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。如: One of the best ways to learn English is to listen to the radio.学英语的最好方法之一是听收音机。 (2)famous为形容词,意为“有名的;出名的”,近义词为well-known。常用词组有: be famous/well-known 因……而出名 be famous/well-known 作为……而出名 be famous/well-known 对……来说很出名 如: Lu Xun is famous to almost every Chinese as a great writer. 鲁迅作为一个伟大的作家几乎为每个中国人所熟知。 12. mind的用法 Never mind. 不要紧 1.I used to have little passion(激情) in my life. But what happened the other day changed my ______. A.knowledge B.mind C.decision D.difference 2.我的爸爸已经下定决心要减肥。(lose weight) ____________________________________________________________ 13.allow用法 allow v.允许;准许。常用结构为: allow doing sth.允许做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 sb. be allowed to do sth.被允许做某事 如:We don't allow in the classrooms.我们不允许在教室吃饭。 My parents don't allow me out at night.我父母不允许我晚上外出。 Passengers are not allowed on the bus.乘客不准在车上吸烟。 1.Mom doesn't allow me ______ up too late. She says it is bad for my health. A.stay B.to stay C.staying D.stays 14.interested的用法 But I am more interested to see the pandas in the Wolong Panda Reserve... 但我更想去看看卧龙大熊猫自然保护区里的大熊猫…… 1.—What an ______ story you told us! —I'm glad you're all ______ in it. A.interested; interested B.interesting; interesting C.interesting; interested D.interested; interesting 2.如果你有兴趣,周末我可以陪你一起去。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.raise/rise 考点 过去式、过去分词 常用结构 词义 备注 rise rose,risen 主语+rise 不及物动词,不能用于被动语态 raise raised,raised 主语+raise+宾语 及物动词,可以用于被动语态 16. danger的用法 It's sad to think of pandas and other animals in danger. 想到大熊猫和其他濒危动物,真是让人难过。(P42) 1.She was floating(漂浮) on her back, kicking and shouting. The little girl was in great ______! A.danger B.shape C.spirits D.numbers 2.It can be ____________(danger) for the people to give food to wild animals. 3.让我们来保护那些处于危险中的动物。 ________________________________________________ 17.need 用法 need意为“需要”,可作实义动词和情态动词。 (1)作实义动词时有人称、数和时态的变化(在变为否定句和疑问句时需借助于助动词)。 ①当主语是人时,后可接名词和动词不定式,即:need sth./ need to do sth.。如: He needs some help.他需要帮助。 You don't need to do it at once.你不必马上做那件事情。 ②当主语为物时,后接名词或v.-ing,后接v.-ing时表被动,即need doing=need to be done。如: The flowers need .=The flowers need to be watered.这些花需要浇水。 (2)作情态动词时不能独立作谓语,必须和动词原形一起构成谓语,即后面必须接动词原形(无人称、数和时态的变化,常用于否定句和疑问句中)。如: You needn't go this week.=You this week.这周你不必去。 (3)由need引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答一般用must,否定回答一般用needn't。如: —Need I come?我需要来吗? —Yes,you must./ No,you needn't.是的,你必须来。/不,你没必要来。 注:由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答一般用must,否定回答一般用needn't或 don't have to。如: —Must I go now?我现在必须去吗? —Yes,you ./No,you .是的,你必须去。/不,你不一定要现在去。 (4)作名词,意为“需要”,常用结构为: in(great)need of...(急)需要... There is no need to do…没有必要做…… 18.except/besides/but/except for 考点 用法 except 作介词,意为“除……之外(不再有)”。指从整体中排除except所带的人或物,前面常有all,every,any,no及其他限定词。 besides 作介词,意为“除……之外(还有)”。相当于as well as。指在原来的基础上加上besides后接的宾语(人或物)。 but 作介词,意为“除……之外”。其常与否定意义的词连用;当but前有实义动词do或其相关形式时,but后接不带to的不定式。 except for 意为“除了……”。它后面接的词同句子的整体词(主语)不同类,指从整体中除去一个细节或方面。 1.All of us helped to clean up the city park ______ Tom. He had a bad cold. A.beside B.except C.besides D.with 2.If Tom had thought about ______ but complaining, he would have had a bad day painting the fence. A.everything B.anything C.nothing D.something 3.除了玛丽生病在家,我们都去农场当志愿者了。 _________________________________________________________________________________ 19.agree with/agree to/agree on/agree to do sth. 考点 用法 agree with sb 后面接表示人的名词或代词,表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等。 agree to sth 主要用来表示一方提出一项建议、安排、计划等,另一方同意协作。 agree on sth 主要指双方就某事通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议。 agree to do sth. 指同意做某事。 1.In China, “nodding” means ____________(agree). But in Bulgaria, it means the opposite. 2.我想知道你是否同意我的观点。(whether...or not) ________________________________________________________ 20.too+adj.+to do意为“太……而不能……” too+adj.+to do意为“太……而不能……”。其中too是副词,后跟形容词或副词,to为动词不定式符号后跟动词原形。 可与too…to…结构互换的结构有: (1)not+adj.+enough to do sth.不够……而不能做某事;其中enough作形容词修饰名词,放在名词前后均可;作副词修饰形容词、副词或动词时,要放在被修饰词之后。此结构若与too…to…互换,not后的形容词需为too后形容词的反义词。 (2)so+adj.+that+从句,如此……以至于……。当too…to…句型改为so…that…句型时,that引导的结果状语从句需根据时态用can't或couldn't加动词原形,以强调能力。 Eg:Tom is too young to go to school alone. =Tom is not old enough to go to school alone. =Tom is so young that he can’t go to school alone. 【拓展】 与“so+adj.+that+从句”相似的句型: so+adj.+a/an+n.+that+从句;eg:Tom is so clever a boy that he can solve the problem. such+a/an+adj.+n.+that+从句 =Tom is such a clever boy that he can solve the problem. 1.He was too ________________(disappoint) to feel anything. 2.No matter where you are, what you've done, and how you feel about yourself, it's never ____ late to start. 21.prepare的用法 I'm preparing a report called “The world's population”. 我正在准备一篇叫作《世界人口》的报告。 1.我正准备离开。(prepare to do sth.) ______________________________ 2.To many Chinese people, the process of ____________(prepare) the Spring Festival dinner together is more important than the dinner itself. 3.Some parents ________________(prepare) almost everything for their children since they were born. 22.stop的用法 (1)stop的用法 ①v.阻止,阻拦;stop / prevent / keep sb./ sth. doing sth.阻止某人/某物做某事。 ②v.停止;stop sth.=give up doing sth停止做某事;stop sth.停下来再做某事。 【拓展】 既可接动名词又可接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:begin,start,like,love,try,mean,forget,remember,prefer,stop等 start/begin to do sth=start/begin doing sth开始做某事 like/love/prefer/hate/dislike to do sth (具体/一次性动作) like/love/prefer/hate/dislike doing sth (抽象/常态性动作) try to do sth 尽力做某事 try doing sth尝试做某事 mean to do sth打算做某事 mean doing sth意味着做某事 regret to do sth对将做的事情表示遗憾 regret doing sth后悔做过某事 continue=go on to do sth继续做另一件事 continue=go on doing sth继续做原来的动作 can’t help to do sth不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing sth情不自禁做某事 1.My father was surprised at my attitude. At once he ________(stop) what he was doing to talk to me. 2.The green-colored avocado(牛油果) toast for breakfast becomes many youths' favorite. They just can't stop ________(eat) it. 23.happen/take place 相同点:二者都有“发生”之意,常用作:sth.happen/take place 而不能用happen/take place sth.即都为不及物动词,无被动语态。 不同点: (1)take place表示“发生,举行,举办”,一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”,即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。如: Great changes have in my hometown in the last ten years. 在过去的十年里我的家乡发生了很大变化。 (2)happen指 ,主语一般是某事或某物。 表示某人发生了什么事常用sth.happen to sb.结构; happen作“碰巧”之意时,常用sb.happen to do sth.和It happens that从句结构。如: What happened you?你发生了什么事? I happened to see him this morning. = It happened that I saw him this morning.我今天早上碰巧看见了他。 24.fall的用法 Alice followed it and fell down a hole in the ground. 爱丽丝跟在它的后面,掉进一个地洞里。 1.—What's the matter with you, Tony? —I fell ______ my bike and hurt my legs. A.of B.off C.from D.down 2.The first year had gone smoothly. But as most students progressed, I seemed to ______ behind. A.walk B.fall C.step D.move 25.as soon as意为“一……就……” as soon as意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句。在含有as soon as,when,until等词引导的时间状语从句的复合句中,如果主句是一般将来时,则从句常用一般现在时。这和if的用法类似。 I will write you I get there.我一到那里就给你写信。 I won't stop shouting you let me go.你不放我走,我就一直喊叫。 26.while/when/as (1)while作从属连词,引导时间状语从句。while 意为“在/当……的时候;和……同时”,从句中的动词只能是延续性的或表示状态的动词;作并列连词时,表示两者之间的对比关系,意为“而,然而”。主从句的时态通常是相同的。如: While we were talking,the teacher came in.我们正在谈话时,老师进来了。 He is strong while his brother is weak.他长得很结实,而他弟弟却很瘦弱。 (2)when作从属连词,引导时间状语从句。when意为“在/当……的时候”;从句中谓语动词是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词。常可代替while 与as。如: When/While/As we were dancing,a stranger came in.我们跳舞时,一位陌生人走了进来。 (3)as作从属连词,意为“当……时候”,引导时间状语从句,强调同时发生,不分前后。 还可以说明两种正发展或变化的情况,有“随着”的意思,表示时间的推移。 还可表示“一边……一边……”,侧重两个动作同时发生。如: As the time went on,the weather got worse.随着时间的推移,天气变得越来越糟糕。 1.While I ______________ (write), the teacher came in. 2.While I ________________ (watch) TV, my father ______________ (read) a newspaper at the same time. 3.你喜欢数学,而我更喜欢英语。 __________________________________________________ 4.昨晚,当我正在写日记时,我的姐姐正在读书。(while) _________________________________________________________________________________ 5.当我回家时,我的妈妈正在做饭。(when) ______________________________________________________________ 27.one fifth 五分之一…… 分数的表达: (1)分数是由基数词和序数词构成的,分子用基数词,分母用序数词。如: 三分之一 (2)分子大于“1”时,序数词后要加-s。 如: 五分之四 (3)分数作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由分数词后面的名词决定。 (4)分数的特例表达有: 四分之一, 二分之一 28.Me neither.我也不。 (1)neither作形容词,意为“(两者)都不”,常置于单数名词前; 作代词可以单独使用,或用于“neither of the+复数名词”结构中; 作连词时常用结构neither…nor,意为“既不……也不……”,连接两个并列成分,当连接主语时,谓语动词要与nor后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 (2)neither作副词,意为“也不”,放在句首。 用于结构“neither/nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”中,表示前面所述的否定内容也适用于另一个人或物。此处me neither= neither do I。 【拓展】 注意代词both,either和neither的区别:both表示“(两者)都”,作主语时谓语动词用复数,作定语时修饰复数名词;either表示“(两者中)任一”,作主语时谓语常用单数,作定语时修饰单数名词;neither表示“(两者)都不”,作主语时谓语单复数均可,作定语时修饰单数名词。 1.—It's a pity that ______ my teachers ______ my parents allow me to swim alone. —After all, you are too young. Safety first. A.neither;nor B.both;and C.not only;but also 2.The tyres are neither too full ______ too flat. This will ensure that you have a pleasant trip. A.or B.and C.but D.nor 29.surprise的用法 What a surprise! 这真是个惊喜! 1.我父亲对我的态度感到吃惊。 ____________________________________________________ 2.— my surprise, the restaurant is actually very nice. —The service is also great. 30.one/it/that/those 考点 用法 one 代替的是前面提到的同名异物中的任意一个,代替可数名词单数,表示泛指,相当于“a/an +名词”,复数形式为ones;但是the one,that one,this one可以表示确指。 it 代替前面提到的同一名称的同一事物(即同名同物),所代替的名词可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。 that 代替前面提到的同名异物中特指的事物,相当于“the+名词”,代替可数或不可数名词,表确指,常用于比较。 those 同名异物中特指的事物,只能指代复数名词,相当于the ones或that的复数形式,常用于比较。 31.had better意为“最好” (1)had better意为“最好”,后接动词原形,常构成短语had better do sth.; 其否定形式是had better not do sth.。如: You had better go before it rains.你最好在下雨前去那儿。 You had better not miss the last bus.你最好别错过末班车。 【拓展】 had better和主语缩写成:主语+'d better。 (2)“have+宾语+过去分词”结构表示“让某事被做”。在该句型中宾语与宾补间为动宾关系,该宾补动作常由他人来完成,因此含有被动意义。 如:He has had his hair cut.他把头发剪了。 have sth to do have sb/sth do sth have sb/sth done 32.accept/receive 考点 用法 例句 accept 指经过考虑,由主观意志来决定接受,动作者本身是主动的。 Kate received a gift but she didn't accept it.凯特收到一份礼物,但是她并没有接受。 receive 强调客观上收到,指收到某物这一动作,本身有一定的被动性,不包含本身是否愿意接受的意思。 注意:接受教育常用receive an education。 另外receive还表示“接见,接待”。 1.她收到了他的礼物,但是她没有接受。 ____________________________________________________________________ 2.She was chosen along with nine other honorees(获奖者) on March 3rd ______ the award on China Central Television. A.to accept B.to receive C.accept D.receive 3.WeChat(微信) is widely used in our daily life, but we'd better not ______ requests from strangers. A.avoid B.delete C.accept D.refuse 33.have trouble doing trouble作名词时,常用短语有: be in trouble处于困境中, get into trouble陷入麻烦中, have trouble (in) doing做某事有困难。其中的trouble也可换成difficulty或problem。在这种结构中,problem是可数名词,trouble和difficulty是不可数名词,它们的前面都可用some,any,much,little,no等词语修饰。 【拓展】 与这种结构类似的还有have fun (in) doing sth.,意为“做某事很开心”,fun是不可数名词,前面可用great,much,a lot of等词语修饰。 1.I have trouble __________ (learn) English. Could you help me? 2.The Maths problem is quite easy. Few of us have difficulty ________________ (work) it out. 3.I have fun ________ (play) basketball with my classmates after school. 4.如果你有烦恼, 就和朋友聊聊吧。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 34.warn的用法 Earthquakes always happen suddenly, so it is difficult to warn people about them.地震往往发生得很突然,所以很难给人们预警。 35.hope/wish 考点 共同点 不同点 hope (1)都可作名词。 (2)作动词时,都可以接不定式作宾语,构成hope/wish to do sth.结构,意为“希望做某事”。 (3)二者都能接that引导的从句。 (1)作名词时wish表示“愿望,祝愿,心愿”,常用作可数名词。常用短语:send my best wishes to (2)用作动词时 ①wish可接双宾语如:wish sb.success祝某人成功。 ②wish能接复合宾语构成wish sb.to do sth.希望某人做某事。 ③hope可以和for连用,构成hope for sth.希望得到…… ④hope可与so或not连用,分别代替一个具有肯定和否定意义的宾语从句。 ⑤wish后面接that从句时,从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气。 wish 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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专题03 Module 1~Module 12 常考点和易错点串讲【考点清单】-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲(外研版)
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