专题03 祈使句、可数名词和不可数名词的用法【精讲精练】-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲(人教版)

2024-11-25
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创佳质英语乐园
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语人教版(2012)八年级上册
年级 八年级
章节 -
类型 学案-知识清单
知识点 名词的数,祈使句
使用场景 同步教学-期末
学年 2024-2025
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
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发布时间 2024-11-25
更新时间 2024-11-25
作者 创佳质英语乐园
品牌系列 上好课·考点大串讲
审核时间 2024-11-25
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2024-2025学年八年级上期末考点大串讲(人教版) 专题03 祈使句、可数名词和不可数名词 语法精讲 一、祈使句 语法概述 祈使句表示请求、命令、警告、劝告、禁止等意思.祈使句一般以动词原形开头,通常省略主语you,句末用感叹号或句号,读时常用降调. 考向1祈使句的类型 类型 结构 例句 肯定形式 否定形式 Do型 实义动词原形+其他. Don't+实义动词原形+其他. Fetch me a chair!给我拿把椅子! Don't give up.不要放弃. Be型 Be+形容词. Don't+ be +形容词. Be quick! 快点儿! Don't be shy.不要害羞. Let 型 Let+宾语+动词原形+其他. Don't+ let+宾语+动词原形+其他. Let's go to school!咱们去上学吧! Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他. Don't let him go not=Let him go out.不要让他出去. No型 No+名词/动词-ing. No photos.禁止拍照. No smoking. 禁止吸烟. 其他 直接用名词、副词或用"名词+副词”等 Help!救命! Quickly!快点儿! Hands up!举起手来! 拓展: (1)有时为了强调,可在句首加Do或将祈使句的主语表示出来. »Do let me go.务必让我去. »You be quiet! 你安静! (2)为了使祈使句的语气委婉、客气,可以在句首或句末加please,当please用在句末时,常用逗号与其余部分隔开. »Come here, please.请到这儿来. »Please look after your pet.请照看你的宠物. 巧学妙记 祈使句的用法 祈使句表命令,还表请求或建议. 动词原形放句首,主语是you常省去. Don't置前表否定,let否定有两种. 想要客气please, Do置开头强语气. 考向2祈使句的回答 祈使句通常表示将要发生的动作,所以回答时一般用will或won't.回答肯定形式的祈使句用will,回答否定形式的祈使句用won't. »-Please remember to bring your homework here tomorrow.请记得明天把你的家庭作业带到这儿来. -OK,I will.好的,我会的. »-Don't be noisy in public. It's impolite, you know.不要在公共场合吵闹.你知道的,这是不礼貌的. -Sorry, I won't.对不起,我不会了. (二)可数名词和不可数名词 语法概述 名词按其所表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词.可数名词有单数和复数形式,不可数名词没有复数形式. 考向1可数名词和不可数名词的辨析 可数名词 不可数名词 单复数形式 有单复数之分 没有复数形式 修饰词/短语 a/an、具体数词以及many、few、a few、some、any、a lot of、lots of等 much、little、a little、some、any、a lot of lots of等以及表示量的短语(a cup/glass of、a piece of等) 提问(数)量 用 how many 用how much 作主语 单数形式作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;复数形式作主语,谓语动词用复数形式 谓语动词用单数形式 »She is a teacher and she has many students.她是一名老师,她有许多学生. »How many bananas and how much milk did you buy?你买了多少根香蕉、多少牛奶? 特别提醒 可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some、any、a lot of、lots of等来修饰. »There's little yogurt in the glass. Please add some for me.玻璃杯里几乎没有酸奶了,请帮我加一点. »I stayed in England for some weeks.我在英格兰逗留了几周. 考向2可数名词复数的变化规则 ①规则变化 类别 构成方法 例词 一般情况 直接加-s map→ maps key→ keys 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的大多数名词 词尾加-es bus→ buses box→ boxes watch→ watches brush→ brushes 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词 变y为i再加-es family→ families baby→ babies 以字母o结尾的名词 表示人或农作物等有生命的事物的词后通常加-es potato→ potatoes tomato→ tomatoes hero(英雄) →heroes 表示无生命的事物的词后通常加-s photo→ photos radio→ radios piano→ pianos 以f/fe结尾的名词 直接加-s roof(屋顶)→roofs belief(信仰)→beliefs 变f/fe为v再加-es wife→ wives knife(刀)→knives leaf(叶子)→leaves ②不规则变化 类别 例词 词尾发生变化 child→ children ox(公牛)→oxen 改变内部元音 man→ men foot→ feet tooth→ teeth goose→ geese 单复数同形 Chinese→ Chinese sheep→ sheep ③通常情况下,当一个名词作定语修饰另一个名词时,变复数时只把后一个名词变为复数.但当man 或 woman 修饰另一个名词时,变复数时要把man或woman和另一个名词一起变为复数. an apple tree→apple trees 苹果树 a woman leader→women leaders 女领导 a man doctor→men doctors 男医生 基础训练 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1.________ a helmet (头盔) when you ride an e-bike. It’s a rule. A.Wearing B.To wear C.Wore D.Wear 2.Don’t ________ afraid of making mistakes and just have a try. A.being B.be C.to be D.been 3.Alice is reading books. Please ________ quiet, boys! A.to keeping B.to keep C.keeping D.keep 4.Don’t stay up and get up late, or you ________ the most important meal in a day—breakfast. A.miss B.will miss C.missed D.are missing 5.__________ about things so much. It will make you stressed out. A.Not worry B.Not to worry C.Not worrying D.Don’t worry 6.Boys and girls, ________ learning and have fun! A.keep B.to keep C.keeping D.kept 7.—Don’t ________ your homework at home next time, Tom. —Sorry, I ________. A.forget; will B.leave; will C.leave; won’t D.forget; won’t 8.—Please spend more time on your lessons from now on. —________. I’ll try my best. A.Yes, I will B.Yes, I do C.No, I don’t D.No, I won’t 9.Don’t ________ for school again, Millie! A.late B.are late C.is late D.be late 10._________in bed. It’s bad for your eyes. A.Don’t read B.Don’t to read C.Not read D.Not to read 11.Lisa put a lot of ________ in the two ________. A.sugar; cup of tea B.sugars; cups of tea C.sugar; cups of tea D.sugars; cup of teas 12.We’re thirsty. We want ________. A.two cups of apple juice B.two cups of apple juices C.two cup of apple juice D.two cup of apple juices 13.—Would you please give me ________ on how to solve the problems? —Sure, I’d love to. A.an advice B.any advice C.some advice D.some advices 14.—Hi, Mary. Would you like something to eat? —Yes, please. I’m hungry. I’d like three ________ and some ________. A.pieces of breads, cheese B.pieces of breads, cheeses C.pieces of bread, cheese D.pieces of bread, cheeses 15.We students are too busy doing ________ to do any ________ after class. A.exercise; exercise B.exercises; exercise C.exercises; exercises D.exercise; exercises 16.—What can I do for you, Madam? —I would like some ________ and ________. A.sandwich; sugar B.sandwiches; sugars C.sandwiches; sugar D.sandwich; sugars 17.—Can I help you, Mom? —Yes, I want two ________ and ________. A.tomato; two bottle of honey B.tomatoes; two bottles of honey C.tomatoes; two bottles honey D.tomatoes; two bottle honey 18.—Uncle Li has lots of unusual ________ and he often shares them with us. —I also admire him for his good teaching ________ as an English teacher. A.experiences; experiences B.experience; experience C.experiences; experience D.experience; experiences 19.Don’t be afraid to ask for some ________ about ordering the meal. A.suggestion B.method C.opinion D.advice 20.The man has some ________, but he never has ________ for meals. A.chicken; chicken B.chicken; chickens C.chickens; chicken D.chickens; chickens 提升训练 1.(23-24八年级上·海南省直辖县级单位·期末)________ afraid of making mistakes and just have a try. A.Don’t being B.Don’t be C.Not be 2.(23-24八年级上·天津红桥·期末)________ use the lift during an earthquake. A.Doesn’t B.Didn’t C.Don’t D.Did 3.(23-24八年级上·安徽合肥·期末)________ buy your ticket from a ticket machine. There are lots of people there. A.Not B.Not to C.Don’t D.No 4.(23-24八年级上·天津南开·期末)________ he is warm. ________ him with a coat. A.To make sure; To cover B.Make sure; Cover C.Making sure; Covering D.Made sure; Covered 5.(23-24八年级上·上海金山·期末)Hurry up, ________ you will miss the last bus. A.and B.so C.but D.or 6.(23-24八年级上·甘肃庆阳·期末)________ going forward and finally you will get what you want. A.To keep B.Keeping C.Kept D.Keep 7.(23-24八年级上·甘肃定西·期末)________ hard and you can catch up with others. A.To study B.Studying C.Studies D.Study 8.(23-24八年级上·河北廊坊·期末)Tom, ________ three bananas for me. I’m busy washing the blender. A.peel B.peels C.peeled D.will peel 9.(23-24八年级上·吉林长春·期末)The school bus is coming. ________ faster, or we won’t catch it. A.To run B.Running C.Run D.Ran 10.(22-23八年级上·河北石家庄·期末)—Don’t make your sister cry any more, Jackson. —Sorry, Mom, ________. A.I will B.I won’t C.I do D.I don’t 11.(23-24八年级上·安徽六安·期末)Please give me ________. A.two glasses of yogurt B.two glass of yogurts C.two glasses yogurt D.two glasses yogurts 12.(22-23八年级上·浙江宁波·期末)—Can I help you, sir? —I’d like to have two ________. I want to write some words. A.piece of paper B.pieces of paper C.pieces of papers D.piece of papers 13.(23-24八年级上·云南昆明·期末)—I want to make fruit salad. ________ yogurt do I need? —You need ________ yogurt. A.How many; two cups of B.How much; two cup of C.How much; two cups of D.How many; two cup of 14.(23-24八年级上·甘肃平凉·期末)—I can’t learn English well. What should I do? —Take it easy. Here’s some _________ for you. A.competition B.competitions C.advice D.advices 15.(23-24八年级上·上海普陀·期末)Yesterday two _______ asked me to show them the way to Shanghai Museum. A.woman tourists B.women tourist C.woman tourist D.women tourists 16.(23-24八年级上·甘肃武威·期末)—There are many ________ about this farm. —Yes, the farmer planted lots of ________ on it. A.photo; potato B.photos; potatos C.photos; potatoes D.photos; potatos 17.(22-23八年级上·陕西西安·期末)—How many ________ did you make? —Four. Is it enough? Do I need to make ________? A.breads; one more piece B.pieces of bread; one more bread C.bread; another one D.pieces of bread; another piece 18.(22-23八年级上·陕西西安·期末)—________ water would you like? —I’d like three ________. A.How many; bottles of waters B.How much; bottle of water C.How many; bottles of water D.How much; bottles of water 19.(22-23八年级上·广西贺州·期末)—Let’s have sandwiches for lunch! Do you like some ________ in your sandwich? — No, I don’t like it. A.eggs B.butter C.tomatoes D.chickens 20.(22-23八年级上·湖北十堰·期末)—Uncle Li has a farm. There are different kinds of ________ on it. —Yes, they are very cute. A.goose B.hen C.geese D.sheeps 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年八年级上期末考点大串讲(人教版) 专题03 祈使句、可数名词和不可数名词 语法精讲 一、祈使句 语法概述 祈使句表示请求、命令、警告、劝告、禁止等意思.祈使句一般以动词原形开头,通常省略主语you,句末用感叹号或句号,读时常用降调. 考向1祈使句的类型 类型 结构 例句 肯定形式 否定形式 Do型 实义动词原形+其他. Don't+实义动词原形+其他. Fetch me a chair!给我拿把椅子! Don't give up.不要放弃. Be型 Be+形容词. Don't+ be +形容词. Be quick! 快点儿! Don't be shy.不要害羞. Let 型 Let+宾语+动词原形+其他. Don't+ let+宾语+动词原形+其他. Let's go to school!咱们去上学吧! Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他. Don't let him go not=Let him go out.不要让他出去. No型 No+名词/动词-ing. No photos.禁止拍照. No smoking. 禁止吸烟. 其他 直接用名词、副词或用"名词+副词”等 Help!救命! Quickly!快点儿! Hands up!举起手来! 拓展: (1)有时为了强调,可在句首加Do或将祈使句的主语表示出来. »Do let me go.务必让我去. »You be quiet! 你安静! (2)为了使祈使句的语气委婉、客气,可以在句首或句末加please,当please用在句末时,常用逗号与其余部分隔开. »Come here, please.请到这儿来. »Please look after your pet.请照看你的宠物. 巧学妙记 祈使句的用法 祈使句表命令,还表请求或建议. 动词原形放句首,主语是you常省去. Don't置前表否定,let否定有两种. 想要客气please, Do置开头强语气. 考向2祈使句的回答 祈使句通常表示将要发生的动作,所以回答时一般用will或won't.回答肯定形式的祈使句用will,回答否定形式的祈使句用won't. »-Please remember to bring your homework here tomorrow.请记得明天把你的家庭作业带到这儿来. -OK,I will.好的,我会的. »-Don't be noisy in public. It's impolite, you know.不要在公共场合吵闹.你知道的,这是不礼貌的. -Sorry, I won't.对不起,我不会了. (二)可数名词和不可数名词 语法概述 名词按其所表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词.可数名词有单数和复数形式,不可数名词没有复数形式. 考向1可数名词和不可数名词的辨析 可数名词 不可数名词 单复数形式 有单复数之分 没有复数形式 修饰词/短语 a/an、具体数词以及many、few、a few、some、any、a lot of、lots of等 much、little、a little、some、any、a lot of lots of等以及表示量的短语(a cup/glass of、a piece of等) 提问(数)量 用 how many 用how much 作主语 单数形式作主语,谓语动词用单数形式;复数形式作主语,谓语动词用复数形式 谓语动词用单数形式 »She is a teacher and she has many students.她是一名老师,她有许多学生. »How many bananas and how much milk did you buy?你买了多少根香蕉、多少牛奶? 特别提醒 可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some、any、a lot of、lots of等来修饰. »There's little yogurt in the glass. Please add some for me.玻璃杯里几乎没有酸奶了,请帮我加一点. »I stayed in England for some weeks.我在英格兰逗留了几周. 考向2可数名词复数的变化规则 ①规则变化 类别 构成方法 例词 一般情况 直接加-s map→ maps key→ keys 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的大多数名词 词尾加-es bus→ buses box→ boxes watch→ watches brush→ brushes 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词 变y为i再加-es family→ families baby→ babies 以字母o结尾的名词 表示人或农作物等有生命的事物的词后通常加-es potato→ potatoes tomato→ tomatoes hero(英雄) →heroes 表示无生命的事物的词后通常加-s photo→ photos radio→ radios piano→ pianos 以f/fe结尾的名词 直接加-s roof(屋顶)→roofs belief(信仰)→beliefs 变f/fe为v再加-es wife→ wives knife(刀)→knives leaf(叶子)→leaves ②不规则变化 类别 例词 词尾发生变化 child→ children ox(公牛)→oxen 改变内部元音 man→ men foot→ feet tooth→ teeth goose→ geese 单复数同形 Chinese→ Chinese sheep→ sheep ③通常情况下,当一个名词作定语修饰另一个名词时,变复数时只把后一个名词变为复数.但当man 或 woman 修饰另一个名词时,变复数时要把man或woman和另一个名词一起变为复数. an apple tree→apple trees 苹果树 a woman leader→women leaders 女领导 a man doctor→men doctors 男医生 基础训练 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 1.________ a helmet (头盔) when you ride an e-bike. It’s a rule. A.Wearing B.To wear C.Wore D.Wear 【答案】D 【详解】句意:当你骑电动车时戴好头盔。这是规定。 考查祈使句。根据“…a helmet(头盔) when you ride an e-bike.”可知,连词when连接两个句子,此句是以动词原形开头的祈使句。故选D。 2.Don’t ________ afraid of making mistakes and just have a try. A.being B.be C.to be D.been 【答案】B 【详解】句意:不要害怕犯错,试试看。 考查祈使句。句子是祈使句的否定形式“Don’t +动词原形+……”,可知填动词原形。故选B。 3.Alice is reading books. Please ________ quiet, boys! A.to keeping B.to keep C.keeping D.keep 【答案】D 【详解】句意:爱丽丝正在看书。孩子们,请安静! 考查祈使句。句子是祈使句的肯定形式,以动词原形开头。故选D。 4.Don’t stay up and get up late, or you ________ the most important meal in a day—breakfast. A.miss B.will miss C.missed D.are missing 【答案】B 【详解】句意:别熬夜和晚起,否则你会错过一天最重要的一餐——早餐。 考查动词时态。根据“Don’t stay up and get up late, or you...the most important meal in a day—breakfast.”可知,此处是“祈使句+or+陈述句”,此处用将来时表示将可能会发生的事。故选B。 5.__________ about things so much. It will make you stressed out. A.Not worry B.Not to worry C.Not worrying D.Don’t worry 【答案】D 【详解】句意:别那么担心事情。这会让你压力很大。 考查祈使句的否定形式。Don’t worry不要担心。don’t do sth.是固定搭配,意为“不要做某事”。否定的祈使句常见句型表达是Don’t +动词原形。表示禁止时,尤其是标语等也可用“No+动名词”来表示。故选D。 6.Boys and girls, ________ learning and have fun! A.keep B.to keep C.keeping D.kept 【答案】A 【详解】句意:男孩和女孩,不断学习和玩得开心! 考查祈使句。根据题干和语境可知,本句为祈使句的肯定形式,所以应以动词原形开头,故选A。 7.—Don’t ________ your homework at home next time, Tom. —Sorry, I ________. A.forget; will B.leave; will C.leave; won’t D.forget; won’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——Tom,下次不要把你的家庭作业留在家里了。——抱歉,我不会的。 考查动词辨析及祈使句的回答。forget忘记,后接某物;leave留下,leave sth sp,表示“把某物遗忘在某地”。根据“your homework at home”可知第一空应用“leave”。根据“Sorry, I...”可知此处应表示“抱歉,我下次不会了”,表否定,故第二空用“won’t”。故选C。 8.—Please spend more time on your lessons from now on. —________. I’ll try my best. A.Yes, I will B.Yes, I do C.No, I don’t D.No, I won’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——从现在起,请多花点时间在你的功课上。——好的,我会的。我会竭尽全力的。 考查祈使句的回答。根据“Please spend more time on your lessons from now on”可知其为祈使句。空格处需要对祈使句做出回答。由于回答祈使句常用一般将来时,故排除选项B和C。根据“I’ll try my best.”可推测出为肯定回答。故选A。 9.Don’t ________ for school again, Millie! A.late B.are late C.is late D.be late 【答案】D 【详解】句意:上学不要在迟到了,米莉。 考查祈使句的否定形式。祈使句否定结构:Don’t+动词原形+其他。late“迟到的”,形容词。表达时需要借助be动词。故选D。 10._________in bed. It’s bad for your eyes. A.Don’t read B.Don’t to read C.Not read D.Not to read 【答案】A 【详解】句意:不要在床上看书。这对你的眼睛不好。 考查祈使句。根据后文“It’s bad for your eyes.”可知,空格所在句是命令不要再床上看书。表示请求和命令的句子为祈使句,祈使句的肯定形式以动词原形开头,否定形式在句首加Don't,后跟动词原形。故选A。 11.Lisa put a lot of ________ in the two ________. A.sugar; cup of tea B.sugars; cups of tea C.sugar; cups of tea D.sugars; cup of teas 【答案】C 【详解】句意:丽莎在这两杯茶里放了很多糖。 考查不可数名词的数。sugar为不可数名词,故第一空用原形;短语cup of tea的复数应体现在cup上,两杯茶为two cups of tea,故第二空填cups of tea。故选C。 12.We’re thirsty. We want ________. A.two cups of apple juice B.two cups of apple juices C.two cup of apple juice D.two cup of apple juices 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我们渴了。我们想要两杯苹果汁。 考查不可数名词的数量。apple juice为不可数名词,没有复数形式,表达数量时要用固定结构“数词 + 表示数量的名词 + of + 不可数名词”来表示,当数词大于1时,数量名词要用复数形式。故选A。 13.—Would you please give me ________ on how to solve the problems? —Sure, I’d love to. A.an advice B.any advice C.some advice D.some advices 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你能给我一些关于如何解决这些问题的建议吗?——当然,我很乐意。 考查不可数名词。advice建议,劝告,不可数名词,不可用a/an修饰;表示一条建议,可以用a piece of advice;any和some都可以修饰复数名词和不可数名词,但在表示请求、建议或希望得到对方的肯定回答时需用some,句型“Would you please do...”表示请求。故选C。 14.—Hi, Mary. Would you like something to eat? —Yes, please. I’m hungry. I’d like three ________ and some ________. A.pieces of breads, cheese B.pieces of breads, cheeses C.pieces of bread, cheese D.pieces of bread, cheeses 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——嗨,玛丽。你想吃点什么吗?——是的,请。我饿了。我想要三片面包和一些奶酪。 考查不可数名词。bread“面包”,是不可数名词,不能加-s,排除AB选项;cheese“奶酪”,不可数名词,不能加-s。故选C。 15.We students are too busy doing ________ to do any ________ after class. A.exercise; exercise B.exercises; exercise C.exercises; exercises D.exercise; exercises 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我们的学生忙于做练习,课后没有时间做任何锻炼。 考查可数名词和不可数名词。exercises作“练习”讲,是可数名词;exercise作名词指“锻炼”时,是不可数名词。第一个空指学生忙于做练习,用可数名词exercises;第二个空指学生们没有时间做锻炼,用不可数名词exercise。故选B。 16.—What can I do for you, Madam? —I would like some ________ and ________. A.sandwich; sugar B.sandwiches; sugars C.sandwiches; sugar D.sandwich; sugars 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——夫人,我能为您效劳吗?——我想要一些三明治和糖。 考查名词的数。some后跟可数名词复数形式/不可数名词。sandwich“三明治”,可数名词,其复数形式为sandwiches,可排除AD选项;sugar“糖”,不可数名词。故选C。 17.—Can I help you, Mom? —Yes, I want two ________ and ________. A.tomato; two bottle of honey B.tomatoes; two bottles of honey C.tomatoes; two bottles honey D.tomatoes; two bottle honey 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——我能帮你吗,妈妈?——可以,我想要两个西红柿和两瓶蜂蜜。 考查名词的用法。two是数词,后加名词复数,tomato“西红柿”,此处用复数形式;honey“蜂蜜”,是不可数名词,two bottles of ...“两瓶……”,two bottles of honey“两瓶蜂蜜”,故选B。 18.—Uncle Li has lots of unusual ________ and he often shares them with us. —I also admire him for his good teaching ________ as an English teacher. A.experiences; experiences B.experience; experience C.experiences; experience D.experience; experiences 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——李叔叔有很多不同寻常的经历,他经常与我们分享(这些经历)。——我也因他作为一名英语教师拥有丰富的教学经验而敬佩他。 考查名词辨析。experience作可数名词复数时意为“经历”,做不可数名词时意为“经验”。第一空根据“lots of unusual”可知,是与我们分享这些经历,因此是experiences;第二空根据“his good teaching”可知,是好的教学经验,因此是experience。故选C。 19.Don’t be afraid to ask for some ________ about ordering the meal. A.suggestion B.method C.opinion D.advice 【答案】D 【详解】句意:在点餐时,不要害怕询问意见。 考查名词词义辨析。suggestion 建议,可数名词;method 方法,可数名词;opinion 观点,建议,可数名词;advice 建议,意见,不可数名词。空格处名词有some修饰,如果该名词是可数名词,要用复数形式,排除A、B、C选项。故选D。 20.The man has some ________, but he never has ________ for meals. A.chicken; chicken B.chicken; chickens C.chickens; chicken D.chickens; chickens 【答案】C 【详解】句意:这个男人有一些鸡,但是他吃饭从不吃鸡肉。 考查名词。chicken表示鸡,是可数名词;表示鸡肉,是不可数名词。第一空表示“他有一些鸡”,有some修饰,用复数名词chickens;第二空根据“for meals”可知,此处表示“吃鸡肉”,因此用chicken。故选C。 提升训练 1.(23-24八年级上·海南省直辖县级单位·期末)________ afraid of making mistakes and just have a try. A.Don’t being B.Don’t be C.Not be 【答案】B 【详解】句意:不要害怕犯错误,试一试吧。 考查祈使句的否定。根据题干和选项可知,此处是祈使句的否定形式,结构为Don’t+动词原形。故选B。 2.(23-24八年级上·天津红桥·期末)________ use the lift during an earthquake. A.Doesn’t B.Didn’t C.Don’t D.Did 【答案】C 【详解】句意:不要在地震期间使用电梯。 考查否定形式的祈使句。结合选项和空后的“use the lift during an earthquake.”可知,此处考查否定形式的祈使句,而祈使句变否定形式只需在句首的动词原形前加Don’t。故选C。 3.(23-24八年级上·安徽合肥·期末)________ buy your ticket from a ticket machine. There are lots of people there. A.Not B.Not to C.Don’t D.No 【答案】C 【详解】句意:不要从机器售票机里买票。那边有很多人。 考查祈使句的否定形式。结合选项和“...buy your ticket from a ticket machine”可知,本句考查祈使句的否定形式,用助动词Don’t置于句首,故选C。 4.(23-24八年级上·天津南开·期末)________ he is warm. ________ him with a coat. A.To make sure; To cover B.Make sure; Cover C.Making sure; Covering D.Made sure; Covered 【答案】B 【详解】句意:确保他是暖和的。给他盖上外套。 考查祈使句。分析句子,两句均是祈使句,以动词原形开头。故选B。 5.(23-24八年级上·上海金山·期末)Hurry up, ________ you will miss the last bus. A.and B.so C.but D.or 【答案】D 【详解】句意:快点,不然你会错过末班车的。 考查连词辨析。and和;so所以;but但是;or或者。根据“Hurry up...you will miss the last bus.”可知,此处是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构,应用or表示不好的事情要发生,故选D。 6.(23-24八年级上·甘肃庆阳·期末)________ going forward and finally you will get what you want. A.To keep B.Keeping C.Kept D.Keep 【答案】D 【详解】句意:坚持向前,最终你会得到你想要的。 考查祈使句。分析句子可知,此句为祈使句+and+陈述句,祈使句以动词原形开头。故选D。 7.(23-24八年级上·甘肃定西·期末)________ hard and you can catch up with others. A.To study B.Studying C.Studies D.Study 【答案】D 【详解】句意:努力学习,你就能赶上别人。 考查祈使句。根据“hard and you can catch up with others”可知此处是结构“祈使句,and+陈述句”,祈使句以动词原形开头。故选D。 8.(23-24八年级上·河北廊坊·期末)Tom, ________ three bananas for me. I’m busy washing the blender. A.peel B.peels C.peeled D.will peel 【答案】A 【详解】句意:汤姆,帮我削三个香蕉皮,我正忙着洗搅拌机。 考查祈使句。分析句子可知,此处是祈使句,以动词原形开头。故选A。 9.(23-24八年级上·吉林长春·期末)The school bus is coming. ________ faster, or we won’t catch it. A.To run B.Running C.Run D.Ran 【答案】C 【详解】句意:校车来了。快跑,不然我们就赶不上它了。 考查祈使句。分析题干可知,此处是“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构,句首动词用原形,故选C。 10.(22-23八年级上·河北石家庄·期末)—Don’t make your sister cry any more, Jackson. —Sorry, Mom, ________. A.I will B.I won’t C.I do D.I don’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——别再把你妹妹弄哭了,杰克逊。——对不起,妈妈,我不会了。 考查否定句和情景交际。I will我会;I won’t我不会;I do我是;I don’t我不是。根据“Sorry, Mom,”可知此处该回答“我不会了”。表示将来不会这样干了,使用一般将来时。故选B。 11.(23-24八年级上·安徽六安·期末)Please give me ________. A.two glasses of yogurt B.two glass of yogurts C.two glasses yogurt D.two glasses yogurts 【答案】A 【详解】句意:请给我两杯酸奶。 考查不可数名词及其数的表达。two glasses of yogurt两杯酸奶;two glasses of yogurts表达错误,yogurt不可数名词,没有复数形式;two glasses yogurt少了介词of,用于连接两个名词,表示所属关系;two glasses yogurts表述错误。yogurt是不可数名词,所以没有复数形式,排除B和D。又由“两杯……”要用two glasses of 结构,故选A。 12.(22-23八年级上·浙江宁波·期末)—Can I help you, sir? —I’d like to have two ________. I want to write some words. A.piece of paper B.pieces of paper C.pieces of papers D.piece of papers 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——我能帮你吗,先生?——我想要两张纸。我想写一些单词。 考查名词的用法。paper是不可数名词,不能变复数,排除CD;piece“张”是可数名词,two后加可数名词复数。故选B。 13.(23-24八年级上·云南昆明·期末)—I want to make fruit salad. ________ yogurt do I need? —You need ________ yogurt. A.How many; two cups of B.How much; two cup of C.How much; two cups of D.How many; two cup of 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——我想做水果沙拉。我需要多少酸奶? ——你需要两杯酸奶。 考查不可数名词。How many 多少,提问可数名词复数;How much多少,多少钱,提问不可数名词或价格。题干第一空修饰的yogurt是不可数名词,用how much;第二空需要用不可数名词的量化表达,数词+量词+of+不可数名词,cup“杯”,为可数名词,两杯用复数形式two cups。故选C。 14.(23-24八年级上·甘肃平凉·期末)—I can’t learn English well. What should I do? —Take it easy. Here’s some _________ for you. A.competition B.competitions C.advice D.advices 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——我英语学不好。我该怎么办? ——放轻松。给你一些建议。 考查名词辨析。competition竞争,名词单数;competitions竞争,名词复数;advice建议,不可数名词;advices,不可数名词后不加s,表达错误。根据“Here’s some…for you.”可知,此处表达“建议”,应用不可数名词。故选C。 15.(23-24八年级上·上海普陀·期末)Yesterday two _______ asked me to show them the way to Shanghai Museum. A.woman tourists B.women tourist C.woman tourist D.women tourists 【答案】D 【详解】句意:昨天两位女性游客要求我向她们展示去上海博物馆的路。 考查名词复数。根据“two”可知主语是复数,排除B、C,此处woman是修饰名词tourists作定语,需要变复数为women。故选D。 16.(23-24八年级上·甘肃武威·期末)—There are many ________ about this farm. —Yes, the farmer planted lots of ________ on it. A.photo; potato B.photos; potatos C.photos; potatoes D.photos; potatos 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——有很多关于这个农场的照片。——是的,农民在上面种了很多土豆。 考查名词复数。many修饰可数名词复数,排除A;lots of修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词,potato的名词复数是potatoes。故选C。 17.(22-23八年级上·陕西西安·期末)—How many ________ did you make? —Four. Is it enough? Do I need to make ________? A.breads; one more piece B.pieces of bread; one more bread C.bread; another one D.pieces of bread; another piece 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——你做了多少块面包?——四块。够了吗?需要我再做一块吗? 考查名词的数。bread是不可数名词,表示数量时,要使用a piece of或pieces of;表示“再一块”,可使用one more piece或another piece。故选D。 18.(22-23八年级上·陕西西安·期末)—________ water would you like? —I’d like three ________. A.How many; bottles of waters B.How much; bottle of water C.How many; bottles of water D.How much; bottles of water 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——你想要多少水?——我想要三瓶水。 考查特殊疑问句和不可数名词的数的表达。how many多少,修饰复数名词;how much多少,修饰不可数名词。water是不可数名词,提问应用how much,排除A/C选项,表示“三瓶水”用结构three bottles of water。故选D。 19.(22-23八年级上·广西贺州·期末)—Let’s have sandwiches for lunch! Do you like some ________ in your sandwich? — No, I don’t like it. A.eggs B.butter C.tomatoes D.chickens 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——午餐吃三明治吧!你喜欢在三明治里加黄油吗?——不,我不喜欢。 考查名词用法。eggs鸡蛋(可数名词复数);butter黄油(不可数名词);tomatoes西红柿(可数名词复数);chickens小鸡(可数名词复数)。根据“some”及“it”可知此处应填不可数名词。故选B。 20.(22-23八年级上·湖北十堰·期末)—Uncle Li has a farm. There are different kinds of ________ on it. —Yes, they are very cute. A.goose B.hen C.geese D.sheeps 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——李叔叔有一个农场。那里有不同种类的鹅。——是的,它们非常可爱。 考查名词的数。goose鹅,单数名词;hen母鸡,单数名词;geese鹅(goose复数);sheeps错误表达,sheep是单复数同形的名词。根据“different kinds of ”和“they”可知,空处应用可数名词的复数形式。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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专题03 祈使句、可数名词和不可数名词的用法【精讲精练】-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲(人教版)
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专题03 祈使句、可数名词和不可数名词的用法【精讲精练】-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲(人教版)
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专题03 祈使句、可数名词和不可数名词的用法【精讲精练】-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲(人教版)
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