Unit 5 Music Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

UNIT 5 Music 过去分词 句子成分的定义: 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。 P DO O A C (subject) /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt; ˈsʌbdʒekt/ S V (verb) (object) /ˈɒbdʒɪkt; əbˈdʒekt/ (predicative) /prɪˈdɪkətɪv/ (adverbial) (direct object) IO (object complement) (indirect object) 主语 状语 宾语补足语 直接宾语 表语 宾语 间接宾语 谓语 /ædˈvɜːrbiəl/ /ˈkɒmplɪment/ Step1:Lead-in Five basic sentence structures 主 谓 主 谓 宾 主 谓 直宾 间宾 主 谓 宾 宾补 There be结构(无灵主语） be 主 系 表 The sun rises. I love you. You look beautiful. Dad gave me a book. We call her Lily . There are three apples. There is a purse on the ground. Step1:Lead-in 说明主语“做什么” 或“怎么样”, 谓语通常是动词。 谓语 V (verb) 2、复合谓语： a.由情态动词+动词原形或其他助动词加动词某种形式构成。 He can speak English. b.助动词：帮助构成时态和语态，不同时态有不同的助动词, 后加动词的某种形式构成谓语。 They are talking about something. I have seen the film before. 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。 He practices running every morning. 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,表示完成和被动的动作。 过去分词的形式： done 4.作状语 1.作定语 3.作表语 2.作宾语补足语 V-ed 过去分词作定语 Part One a closed door a broken window a polluted river Step2 : Presentation fallen leaves a drunk baby 归纳1：单个过去分词作定语放于其修饰的名词之____。 前 a girl dressed in white the books written by sb. =The player _____ _____ ______ by many people is Yao Ming. The player ____________________ is Yao Ming. 这个被很多人喜爱的运动员叫做姚明。 who loved is loved by many people 归纳2：过去分词短语作定语时，一般置于其修饰的名词之____，其作用相当于一个_________。 定语从句 后 现在分词和过去分词做定语，有何区别呢？ 16 What’s the difference？ 现在 分词 过去分词 The water is boiling. The dog is barking. The injured dog is sad. She’s drinking boiled water. 17 归纳：过去分词与现在分词的区别 过去分词具有__________和__________之意 现在分词具有__________和__________之意 被动 完成 主动 进行 1.Many countries want to have a great chance (develop) the economy. 2. China is a (develop) country (protect) all Chinese. 3. The rich man comes from a (develop) country (support) by some Europaen countries. 辨析：非谓语动词作定语 to develop developing protecting developed supported I lost the dictionary __________(borrow) from the library. Don’t drink the ______ (boil) water. I’ll give you some cool _____(boil) water to drink. The man _______(talk) with Mr.Lee. is a personal physician. Any medicine ________(take) without the advice of a doctor can cause trouble. Father beat the son_______(lose) in the on-line games. The girl __________(dress) in red is my sister. borrowed boiling boiled talking taken lost dressed Step3:Practice 7. There was an ________ (excite) look on his face when the actress appeared. 8. It’s wrong for the ___________ (develop) countries to control the world. 9. I have collected the money ________ (need). 10. This is the problem _________ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday. 11. The _________ (surprise) look on his face suggested that he had not expected so. excited developed needed discussed surprised 过去分词作宾语补足语 Part Two 带有宾语补足语的一般句型为： 某些及物动词（如make等） + 直接宾语（名词或代词） + 宾语补足语 Everyone calls him (O) (OC) (S) (V) Tom. Q1:What is the Object Complement? 宾语补足语一般放在宾语_________, 对宾语起____________的作用。 之后 补充说明 Step1:Lead-in 23 23 用在表示状态的 keep, leave 等的后面: They kept the door ________(lock) for a long time. Don’t leave the windows ________(break)like this all the time. 2. 用在感官动词watch, notice, see, hear, feel, find, listen to等的后面。 We can hear the windows ________(beat )by the rain drops. When we got to school, we found the door________ (lock). 用法： locked broken beaten locked 3.用在wish, want, like, expect, order等 表示愿望,希望,命令这一类动词后面. The teacher would not like the problem _____________(discuss) at the moment. I want the dress _________(make) to my own measure. 4. 用在使役动词have, make,get,keep 的后面. “请别人做某事” They had many trees __________(plant). He had his leg ___________(break) in the accident. I had my wallet ___________(steal) in the bus. discussed made planted broken stolen 5. 用在 “with/without+宾语+宾补” 这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系. The thief was brought in, with his hands__________ (tie) behind his back. With many flowers ____________(plant) around the building, his house looks like a beautiful garden. tied planted 过去分词作表语 Part Three Conclusion ： 表语：在形式上，位于 _____ 动词之后，构成 _______ 结构。 从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么”或“怎么样”的语法成分。 系 系表 什么是表语？ 1. Her father is a doctor. 2. She seems surprised . 3. You are beautiful. 1. be 动词 2. 感官动词：look, sound, taste, smell, feel 3. 表变化的系动词：become（变得）, grow（渐渐变得） get/turn（变成）, go / come (转变成) 4. 表保持的系动词： remain, keep, stay 5. 其他： seem（似乎是）, appear（出现，显现）…… 常见的系动词： 1. She was excited to hear the good news. 2. I felt surprised at his behavior. 3. The passengers should be seated as the plane is making a landing. 过去分词作表语 表感受的过去分词 表状态的过去分词 Conclusion: 过去分词作表语一般用来表示主语的___________或_________ 此语相当于一个___________。 形容词 心理感觉 所处的状态 (1) 表感受的过去分词常有： (2) 表状态类的过去分词常有: disappointed/excited/frightened/surprised/delighted/encouraged/interested/puzzled/worried/pleased… dressed (打扮好的), lost (迷路的), drunk (喝醉的), seated (就坐的), absorbed(全神贯注的), devoted (忠诚的) 过去分词与现在分词作表语的区别? 1. The story is interesting. 2. I am interested in this story. 现在分词做表语修饰_______, 翻译成“令人……的”； 过去分词做表语修饰_______, 翻译成“感到……的”。 物 人 过去分词做 表语 1. The plants that they found there were (astonish) 2. I was (astonish) to learn that his long lost child had been found. 3. She had a  (worry) look on her face because she  failed the exam.  4. He looked  (interest) in the idea I put forward.  5. He got (injure) in the accident . astonishing astonished worried interested injured 33 过去分词作状语 02 状语就是... She will meet me in the park.（表地点） I will go to school next month.（表时间） I like this song very much.（表程度） He went to hospital for illness.（表原因） She is going to supermarket to buy some bananas.（表目的） If we have more money,（表条件） , we can buy a house. ... 过去分词在句中能作状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子。 动词过去分词短语可在句中充当 ________________,______________,_____________， ______________,________________和______________等状语 时间 原因 让步 条件 伴随 方式 36 2._______from the hill, the city looks like a big garden. 如果主句的主语和分词是主动关系, 用______________________， 主句的主语和分词是被动关系，用________________________。 现在分词 重难点辨析： 分词短语的逻辑主语必须跟___________的主语保持一致。 1. from the hill, you will find the city looks like a big garden. (see) Seen Seeing 过去分词 主句 完成句子 1. __________ (frighten) by the noise outside, Sue dared not sleep in her bedroom. 2. __________ (compare)with our small flat, Bill's house seemed like a palace. 3. ______ ( face) with such a difficult task, we must redouble our efforts. 4. ________ (order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now. 5. The lady returned home, ________ (follow) by the famous detective Holmes. Frightened Compared Faced followed Ordered 翻译句子 1. ___________________ (受到他的演说鼓舞)，all the workers went all out. (inspire) 2. All the villagers moved down to the river side, __________________________ (在政府的支持下). (support) 3. ______________________________ (不满意自己的成就), he worked still harder. (satisfy) 4. __________________________(具备了基本技能), he went to the city to find a better job. (equip) Inspired by his speech supported by the government Not satisfied with his achievement Equipped with the basic skills 1. Susan was bitten by the snake in the bush and she was sent back to the campus. =_____ _____ ______ _____ _____ _____ ______ , Susan was sent back to the campus. 2. If we are given more time , we will do it better. = ________ _______ ________ , we will do it better. 3.The boy was moved by the teacher’s words and he cried. =_________ ________ ________ ________ ________ , the boy cried. 4.Although we were exhausted , we continued our journey. = __________ ___________ , we continued our journey. 5.When it is heated, ice will be changed into water. =___________ __________ , ice will be changed into water. 同义句转换 Bitten by the snake in the bush Given more time Moved by the teacher’s words Although exhausted When heated 1. Nervously ______ (face) with challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”. developed faced 2. The manager was satisfied to see many new products ___________ (develop) after great effort. 高考链接 3. Around 13500 new jobs were created during the period, ___________ (exceed) the expected number of 12000 held by market analysts. exceeding Ordered Absorbed 5. ____________ (absorb) in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching. 4. _________ (order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time. 高考链接 读后续写小妙用 03 1. Sensing my anxiety and fear of the situation we were in, Dad tried to cheer me up. 察觉到我的焦虑和对于我们处境的恐惧，爸爸试图使我振作起来。 2. The man stood there silently, torn by sorrow . 男人安静地站在那里，被悲伤折磨着。 3. Thinking about what I had done to him, regret and guilt overwhelmed me like endless tides. 一想起我对他所做的一切，遗憾和愧疚就像无休止的潮水一样将我淹没。 无灵主语 无灵主语，即主语是没有生命力的东西，如时间、地点、自然现象等。常搭配有灵动词使用，即把没有生命力的东西，赋予有生命力的动作，从而增加主语的多样性，使语句更加生动，表达更加客观。 表示情感状态的抽象名词作主语 01 常见的名词：joy、excitement、fear、anger、sorrow等。 常见的谓语动词：seize、well up、choke、flood、creep over、grip、give way to等。 例： Excitement seized Jim. 吉姆突然兴奋起来。 Despair choked her words. 她绝望得说不出话来。 A slight feeling of suspicion crept over me. 我渐渐地产生了一丝疑虑。 46 表示身体部位和音容的名词作主语 02 常见的名词：face、laughter、heart、finger、tear、smile、voice等。 常见的谓语动词：light up、brighten、linger、well up、flash等。 例： Her face lighted up with pleasure. 她高兴得容光焕发。 John’s eyes flashed with anger. 约翰眼中闪出怒火。 My heart failed me at the sight. 一见那情景我就失去了勇气。 47 表示时间和地点的名词作主语 03 常见的名词：the town、the following year等。 常见的谓语动词：witness、find、see、boast等。 例： The following year saw the death of his mother. 第二年他的妈妈去世了。 The town boasts a beautiful lake. 这个镇引以为荣的是有一片美丽的湖。 Beijing has witnessed great changes in recent years. 北京见证了最近几年的巨大变化。 48 表示行为和动作的名词作主语 04 常见的名词：sight、thought、glance、look、idea、feeling等。 常见的谓语动词：fill、strike、arouse、remind、delight、frighten、overwhelm等。 例： A terrible thought suddenly struck me. 我突然有了一个可怕的想法。 The sight of the scene filled me with horror. 这个情景让我心中充满了恐惧。 The thought of seeing her son very soon filled her heart with great happiness. 想到不久就要见到儿子，她感到十分快乐。 49 表示自然现象的名词作主语 05 常见的名词：fog、earthquake、rain等。 常见的谓语动词：blanket、come、bring、prevent、strike、hit、threaten等。 例： The thick fog blanketed the field. 浓雾笼罩着整个大地。 The rain prevented tourists from enjoying the full moon. 雨使得游客无法欣赏到满月。 An earthquake comes like a thief in the night, without warning. 地震到来，犹如夜贼，不做预告。 50 同步练习 I. 根据提示，用括号中的谓语动词将下列句子改为无灵主语句。 1. I had a good idea. (strike) 2. I was too excited to breath. (rob…of) 3. He was very depressed when he knew that he lost the game. (seize) 4. The climbers couldn’t continue their adventure because of the storm.(prevent…from) 5. When she learned she was going to be a mother, she was very happy. (flood) A good idea struck me. Excitement robbed me of my breath. A terrible depression seized him when he knew that he lost the game. The storm prevented the climbers from continuing their adventure. When she learned she was going to be a mother, happiness flooded over her. 51 1. 我父亲眼中涌出了泪水。(well up) 2. 焦虑的情绪压倒了他。(overwhelm) 3. 这不经意的一瞥激起了她的好奇心。(arouse) 4. 期待消失了，取而代之的是失望。(give way to) 5. 阴云密布，眼看这一天就要结束了。(threaten) Tears welled up in my father’s eyes. Feelings of anxiety overwhelmed him. This casual glance aroused her curiosity. Expectation gave way to disappointment. The clouds threatened to close out the day. 同步练习 6. 他走上台时突然失去了自信。(escape) ______________________________________________________ 7. 我没有注意到这一错误。(slip) ______________________________________________________ 8. 我把礼物送给丽萨时，她的脸上露出了喜色。(brighten) ______________________________________________________ 9. 昨夜这里下了一场大雨，跑道湿了。(strike) ______________________________________________________ 10. 在那个寒冷的下午，他吃力地走向医院。(witness) ______________________________________________________ His confidence escaped him when he walked on stage. The mistake slips my attention. Lisa’s face brightened when I gave her the present. The track was wet after heavy rain struck here during the night. That chilly afternoon witnessed him trudging towards the hospital. 53 THANKS $$