内容正文:
不定冠词专项解析
不定冠词是英语冠词的一种,本身不能单独使用,表示“一个”的意思,通常用于可数名词的单数形式前,帮助指明名词的含义。不定冠词有a和an两个。
· 不定冠词a/an的用法
1.一类中的任意一个,表示数量“一”。
如:I have a schoolbag. 我有一个书包。
I give him an apple. 我给他一个苹果。
2. 代表一类,表示某类人或者物。
如: An elephant is bigger than a mouse. 大象比老鼠大。
3. 用于一些固定短语
如:a lot of,a kind of,a moment ago,a pair of...
注意:a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,而an则用于元音音素而不是所有元音字母开头的单词前。很多学生会直接在元音字母开头的单词前加an,注意要区分这里的元音音素不是元音字母。以下是关于音素的相关介绍。
音素的概念:
英语中的音素是构成英语语音的最小单位,它们是语言中最基本的音响单元,能够区分词汇中的不同意思。音素可以分为元音音素和辅音音素两大类。
元音音素是由声音从口腔中流出,声音不受阻碍或受到很小阻碍的音素,如: /ɑ:/ arm, /iː/ me, /ɒ/ orange
国际音标中元音音素共有20个,其中短元音7个,5个长元音和8个双元音。
元音
短元音
/æ/ /e/ /ɪ/ /ɒ/ /ʌ/ /ə/ /ʊ/
长元音
/ɑ:/ /i:/ /u:/ /ɜ:/ /ɔ:/
双元音
/eɪ/ /aɪ/ /ɔɪ/ /aʊ/ /əʊ/ /eə/ /ʊə / /ɪə/
若单词首字母发音是以上面这些元音音素开头的,我们就选择用不定冠词an。
*有的以元音字母开头的单词,如:uniform制服, unit 单元, university大学, one-way tip单程旅行等等,前面接不定冠词时,接的是a,前个单词首字母发音/ju:/,one-way以o开头,但首字母发音是/w/,所以用不定冠词a。
辅音音素则是由声音受到口腔或喉咙的阻碍而产生的音素,如: /p/ pen, /t/ top, /k/ cat
辅音
/p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/ /h/ /m/ /n/ /ŋ/ /f/ /v/ /θ/ /ð/ /s/ /z/ /ʃ/ /ʒ/ /r/ /l/ /w/ /j/ /dʒ/ /tʃ/ /tr/ /dr/ /ts/ /dz/
小试牛刀
一、单项选择
1. It's ______ egg.
A. a B. an
2. This is ______ bag.
A. a B. an
3. She has ______ pen.
A. a B. an
4. That is ______ orange.
A. a B. an
5. He is eating ______ cake.
A. a B. an
6. I see ______ dog.
A. a B. an
7. There is ______ book on the desk.
A. a B. an
8. It's ______ umbrella.
A. a B. an
9. She has ______ apple.
A. a B. an
10. This is ______ hat.
A. a B. an
11. I have______good friend.
A. a B. an
12. There is______university near my home.
A. a B. an
13. She wants to be______actress.
A. a B. an
14. It's______European country.
A. a B. an
15. We can hear______owl at night.
A. a B. an
16. I got______invitation to the party.
A. a B. an
17. There is______island in the sea.
A. a B. an
18. He is______honest boy.
A. a B. an
19. I met______young lady in the street.
A. a B. an
20. It's______empty box.
A. a B. an
21. She has______idea.
A. a B. an
22. We saw______beautiful butterfly.
A. a B. an
23. There is______active volcano.
A. a B. an
24. He bought______new laptop.
A. a B. an
25. I drank______glass of water.
A. a B. an
二、选词填空
1. I have ______ (a / an) bike.
2. It's ______ (a / an) small cat.
3. She has ______ (a / an) nice dress.
4. This is ______ (a / an) big ball.
5. He is holding ______ (a / an) umbrella.
6. There is ______ (a / an) ant on the leaf.
7. It's ______ (a / an) old chair.
8. I see ______ (a / an) bird in the sky.
9. There is ______ (a / an) elephant.
10. That is ______ (a / an) interesting game.
11. I have ______ (a / an) apple. It's red.
12. This is ______ (a / an) eraser.
13. She has ______ (a / an) old bike.
14. She is reading ______ (a / an)English book.
15. That is ______ (a / an) interesting storybook.
三、判断是(T)否(F)正确题,,错的请改正。
( )1. I have a orange. ________
( )2. This is a big house. ________
( )3. There is an “s” and a “t” in the word “sit”. ________
( )4. She has an uniform. ________
( )5. It's an one - way street. ________
( )6. I saw a horse in the field. ________
( )7. He has an history book. ________
( )8. This is a useful tool, an useful tool. ________
( )9. I have an banana. ________
( )10. She wears an yellow jacket. ________
( )11. It's a unicorn. ________
( )12. I have an American friend. ________
( )13. There is a “p” and a “q” in the alphabet. ________
( )14. She has an MP3 player. ________
( )15. It's a hour. ________
参考答案
一、1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. A
11. A 12. B 13. B 14. A 15. B 16. B 17. B 18. B 19. A 20. B 21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. A
二、 1. a 2. a 3. a 4. a 5. an 6. an 7. an 8. a
9. an 10. an 11. an 12. an 13. an 14. an 15. an
三、1. F,I have an orange.
2. T
3. T
4. F,She has a uniform.
5. F,It's a one - way street.
6. T
7. F,He has a history book.
8. F,This is a useful tool.
9. F,I have a banana.
10. F,She wears a yellow jacket.
11. T
12. T
13. T
14. T
15. F,It's an hour.
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