Unit 5 First Aid Discover Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

v-ing Unit 5 First Aid Discover Useful Structures To review the functions and structures of the -ing form; To analyse the sentence structures and get the right answers; To make a conclusion about how to use the -ing form correctly; To rewrite sentences with the -ing form. 动词-ing形式的句法功能 01 动词-ing形式的基本结构 02 动词-ing形式的复合结构 03 CONTENTS 目 录 3 01 PART ONE 动词-ing形式的句法功能 1. As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. 2. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid. 3. It is best to place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. 4. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 5. You can protect the burnt area by covering it with a loose clean cloth. What is the function of the -ing form in each sentence?(Page 53) 主语 表语 定语 状语 宾语补足语 宾语 v-ing形式 动名词 现在分词 v-ing的形式 主语 宾语 表语 宾语补足语 定语 状语 动词-ing 形式具有动词的特征，同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此它可以在句中做主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语和状语。 02 PART ONE 动词-ing形式的基本结构 1. Playing with fire is dangerous. 2. I don’t like being laughed at in public. 3. Having read the poem four times, he could recite it. 4. Having been surrounded for a month, the enemy had to give in. 5. Not knowing this, Li Hua didn’t come. 6. Tom was punished for not having done his homework. Observe the structure of the -ing form in each sentence. Summary 动词-ing形式的基本结构： 主动 被动 一般式 完成式 doing having done being done having been done 否定式：not doing/ being done/ having done/ having been done having done: 1. Having finished her homework, the little girl began to watch TV. 2. Having worked for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. 难点分析 1. 动作发生在谓语动词之前； 2. 描述一个持续性的动作。 being done（被动）: 1. The question being discussed is very crucial. 2. Being admitted to his ideal university made him feel delighted. 3. We need to establish a commitee of experts to prevent the cultural heritage from being harmed. 难点分析 1. 正在被做； 2. 作主语； 3. 作宾语：介词或需要-ing形式作宾语的动词之后。 [对点训练1] 单句语法填空 ①________________(cause) great damage to the town, the rain stopped at last. ②The car broke down on the way, __________(cause) the delay. ③The old man insisted on ______________(give)the night shift, saying he had no one to take care of. Having caused　 causing　 being given　 1. I have to say that it’s (surprise) to find you agreeing with me for once. 2. It is a waste of time (try) to persuade him to give up playing computer games. 3. The rainy weather lasted for a couple of days, completely . (ruin) our plan for a picnic. 4. They use computers to keep the traffic (run) smoothly. 5. (see) from the hill, the city looks like a big garden. 随堂练习 surprising trying ruining Seen running 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 P 6. The boy narrowly escaped (kill). 7. (make) full preparations, we are ready for the examination. 8. (ignore) for a long time, the boy sitting at the back felt bored and went out. 9. (take) abroad for a tour can be a worthwhile experience for a senior high school student. 10. The manager walked into the room to attend the meeting . (hold). 随堂练习 being killed Having made Having been ignored Being taken being held 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 侥幸逃脱 O 理睬,忽视 03 PART ONE 动词-ing形式的复合结构 动词-ing形式的复合结构有4种： 形容词性物主代词+动词-ing 名词所有格+动词-ing 人称代词宾格+动词-ing 名词+动词-ing 1. Do you mind my/ me/ Jack’s/ Jack leaving now? 2. His/ Tom’s winning the first prize last year impressed me a lot. 主语、宾语 宾语 动词-ing Summary 句法功能： 主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补 基本结构： 复合结构： having done（主动） 一般式 完成式 doing（主动） being done（被动） having been done（被动） 形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+动词-ing(主/宾) 人称代词宾格/名词+动词-ing(宾语) 1. 复习巩固动词-ing形式的用法； 2.完成专项习题。 Homework v-ing作主语 v-ing作主语 单个的动词 -ing 形式作主语时，谓语动词用_________。 多个的动词 -ing 形式作主语时，谓语动词用_________。 1. Placing burns under the cool running water is the most efficient step to stop the burning process. 2. Applying oil to the injuried area is a bad idea. 3. Singing songs and dancing are his hobbies. Observe and Find 单数形式 复数形式 v-ing作主语 多个的动词 -ing 形式作主语时， 表示一个整体概念时，谓语动词用_________; 表示不同意义时，谓语动词用_________。 1. Singing songs and dancing are his hobbies. 2. Reading and writing are two problems. 3. Getting up early and going bed early is good for your health. 4. Eating and dressing is a big question. 5. Loving and being loved is the same concept. 6. Going or staying is up for you to decide. Observe and Find 单数形式 复数形式 动词－ing形式的句法功能 1．动词－ing形式作主语 (1)动名词作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。 (2)单个的动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 (3)it代替动名词作形式主语，常见句式有： [对点训练2] 完成句子 ①________________ is a good way to learn a language. 大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。 ②It is a waste of time ________________________________. 同他争辩这件事是浪费时间。 ③________________________ other people to make decisions for you. 等别人替你做决定是没有用的。 Reading aloud　 arguing with him about the matter　 It is no use waiting for　 v.-ing作主语往往表示______________________动作 to do作主语往往表示_________________动作。 v-ing作主语 Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language. 大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。 To finish the task will take a long time. 要完成这项任务将要花费很长时间。 Observe and Find v.-ing 形式和 to do 作主语时的区别 经常/多次发生的习惯性 具体的或一次性的 v-ing作主语 常用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句尾的句式。 It is a waste of time doing... 做……是浪费时间。 It is no good/use doing... 做……是没用的。 It is worthwhile doing... 做……是值得的。 It is no fun doing... 做……没有乐趣。 It is useless doing sth. “做某事没用”。 e.g. It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is a waste of time arguing with him about the matter. It is no good/use regretting. (1)　　　　　（relearn） the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple，although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits. (2) As a chef，　　　　（study）Chinese cuisine is what he often does whether in work or at home. (3) It’s a waste of time just 　　　　（wait）. We should engage ourselves in the search work. (4) 　　　　 　（expose） to loud noise can do damage to your hearing. (5) Being in such a beautiful and wild place 　　　　 (make) me feel blessed to be alive. Relearning studying waiting Being exposed makes v-ing作主语 Practice v-ing作宾语 常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀: 考虑建议盼原谅， 承认推迟没得想， 避免错过继续练， 否认完成停能赏， 不禁介意准逃亡， 不准冒险凭想象。 consider, suggest / advise, look forward to, pardon admit, delay / put off, fancy avoid, miss, keep / keep on, practise deny, finish, stop, enjoy / appreciate can’t help, mind, allow/ permit, escape forbid, risk, imagine v-ing作宾语 动词-ing形式作介词的宾语。insist on、 object to、 be good at、 be fond of、 be busy in、 lead to、 put off、 give up、 look forward to、 feel like、 devote to、 get/be used to、 pay attention to、 be worth、 keep on 1. My father is used to going to bed late and getting up very early. 2. I’m looking forward to receiving your reply. 3. He insist on doing it in his own way. Observe and Find v-ing作宾语 【即学即练】　用所给动词的适当形式填空 ①She feels like ______(go) abroad for further education next year.②I often practise ___________(listen) and __________ (speak)．③The boy was lucky to escape ___________ (punish)．④We don't allow _______(dive) in the pool. going listening speaking punishing diving 有些动词(短语)后跟不定式和动词­ing形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。 v-ing作宾语 eg I remember posting the letter. I’ll remember to post the letter. I shall never forget seeing the famous writer. Don’t forget to write to your mother. 我已把信寄了。 我会记着去寄信的。 我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。 不要忘了给你母亲写信。 1) He stopped ________ (smoke) and have a rest. 2) He really must stop_________ (smoke). 3) I once tried ________ (learn) French. 4) Let’s try _________ (knock) at the back door. 5) I didn’t to mean ________ (hurt) your feeling. 6) This word means ________ (set) out at once. 7) I can’t help ________ (clean) the room, for I am too busy. 8) After hearing the joke, we can’t help _________ (laugh). 9) Water is used to _______(water) flowers. 10) I am used to __________ (get up) early. 11) Though it rained, they went on _________ (work). 12) We have finished Part 1. Let’s go on _________ (learn) Part 2. to smoke smoking to learn knocking to hurt setting 完成句子 to clean laughing water getting up working to learn 【即学即练】　完成句子 ①(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)Stop ___________________ with others. 不要拿自己和别人比较。②Missing the train means _______________________. 误了这班火车就意味着再等一个小时。③Don't _________________________ in case it rains. 别忘了带伞，以防下雨。 comparing yourself waiting for another hour forget to take your umbrella v-ing作表语 v-ing作表语 1. The argument is very convincing． 2. The situation both at home and abroad is encouraging． 3. They were very shocked at the news. 4. The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much. 分词作表语，多表示_____________________________。 现在分词作表语，多表示主语具有的______，常译为____________; 过去分词作表语，多表示主语具有的______，常译为____________。 现在分词 现在分词 过去分词 过去分词 特征 令人……的 状态 感到……的 主语具有的特征和状态 Observe and Find 1. Seeing is believing. 2. Her job is cleaning the windows of that high building. 3. What pleases him is bathing under the sun． 4. What Tom hates most is being looked down upon. 动名词作表语与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可__________。 互换位置 Observe and Find v-ing作表语 His job is interesting. His job is serving the people. 现在分词说明主语的________；动名词说明主语的_______。因此，动名词作表语可以和主语___________，而现在分词_________和主语互换位置。 Interesting is his job. Serving the people is his job. 现在分词 动名词 特征 内容 互换位置 不可以 v-ing作表语 现在分词和动名词作表语的区别 v-ing作定语 a sleeping baby a barking dog v-ing作定语 现在分词作定语表示名词的状态：进行、主动。 1.定义 a washing machine a swimming pool v-ing作定语 动名词作定语表示名词的用途。 an exhausting work v-ing作定语 动名词作定语表示名词的性质。 a disappointing result Summary 现在分词作定语的定义： 现在分词作定语，表示正在______的或______的动作或者表示被修饰词的_____和_____。 进行 主动 性质 用途 现在分词作定语的位置： 单个分词作定语一般放在修饰词的_______，现在分词短语作定语通常放在修饰词的_______，并且可以转化为一个________从句。 后面 前面 定语 v-ing作宾语补足语 作宾补 主动 ____________ 被动 ____________ 在_____________后作宾补 在_____________后作宾补 在_____________后作宾补 doing being done 感官动词 使役动词 with复合结构 v-ing形式 形式 用法 v-ing作状语 现在分词（短语）作状语，修饰谓语动词，在意义上相当于状语从句，可以与状语从句转换，表示时间、原因、条件、方式、让步等。其逻辑主语为句子的主语，两者之间为主动关系。 作状语 主动:____________________ 被动：___________________ ________________________________________________ 1.逻辑主语与主句主语 ; 2.否定形式: . 形式 类型 注意 doing / having done being done / having been done 时间状语 原因状语 结果状语 条件状语 让步状语 方式状语 伴随状语 一致 not / never + v-ing Summary THANK YOU! $$