Unit 4 History and traditions Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

Unit 4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures 皇上不可能不要后宫了，于是解决办法是—— An apple wrapped by a beautiful box can be sent to your relatives and friends, expressing your blessings. 1. Most people just use the shortened name … 2. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, … 3. They had castles built all around England, … 4. The United Kingdom, Great Britain, England--many people are confused by… 5. They conquered England after the well-known Battle of Hastings in the 11th century. Underline the past participles and discuss their functions. 作定语 作定语 作宾补 作定语 作定语 过去分词作定语 一个叫Mary的女孩儿（call） 由著名演员所扮演的角色（play） a girl called Mary a role played by a famous actor 开水 落叶 boiled water fallen leaves 1. Observe and find out：过去分词作定语修饰名词，表被动或完成。 放在所修饰词之前； 放在所修饰词之后。 单个分词 分词短语 a bridge built in 1937 一座建于1937年的桥梁 过去分词作定语 2. Observe and find out：过去分词作定语修饰名词 及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示 ； 不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示 ，只表示 。 This is a library built last year. Fires caused by the California Earthquake did a lot of damage. My mother is a retired nurse. Look! There are fallen leaves everywhere. 被动和完成 完成 被动 the developed countries My mother is a retired nurse. Look! There are fallen leaves everywhere. the developed countries 过去分词作定语=一个定语从句 1. This is an organised trip. This is a trip that has been organised. 这是一次有组织的旅行。 2. The building completed last year is a school library. The building which was completed last year is a school library. 3. The book, finished in May, sells well. The book, which was completed in May, sells well. 去年完工的那座大楼是学校图书馆。 这本书是5月份完成的，十分畅销。 A celebrity named Yao Ming will encounter us. Exercise 改定语从句为过去分词 1. A celebrity who is named Yao Ming will encounter us. Many people die from the polluted air every year. 2. Many people die from the air which has been polluted every year. It’s a bridge built in 1937. 3. It’s a bridge which was built in 1937. The guide introduced to us some historic buildings and cultural traditions preserved well here. 4. The guide introduced to us some historic buildings and cultural traditions which are preserved well here. 现在分词（doing）与过去分词（done）作定语的区别 1. 语态不同 2. 时间不同 The woman standing beside him is his daughter. She showed me the book recommended by the professor. 1. the developing country the developed country 2. the boiling water the boiled water 3. the falling leaves the fallen leaves 过去分词（done）、不定式（to be done)、现在分词被动式（being done）的区别 The problem discussed yesterday is very important. 昨天讨论的问题很重要。 The problem to be discussed tomorrow is very important. The problem being discussed is very important. 明天要讨论的问题很重要。 正在讨论的问题很重要。 (已经被讨论) （将要被讨论) （正在被讨论) I lost the dictionary __________(borrow) from the library. Don’t drink the ________ (boil) water. I’ll give you some cool ________(boil) water to drink. The man _________(talk) with Mr.Lee. is a personal physician. Any medicine ________(take) without the advice of a doctor can cause trouble. Father beat the son_______(lose) in the online games. The girl __________(dress) in red is my sister. borrowed boiling boiled talking taken lost dressed Practice 7. There was an ________ (excite) look on his face when the actress appeared. 8. It’s wrong for the ____________ (develop) countries to control the world. 9. I have collected the money ________ (need). 10. This is the problem ____________ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday. 11. The ____________ (surprise) look on his face suggested that he had not expected so. excited developed needed discussed surprised Practice 过去分词作宾语补足语 We should constantly keep our classroom clean. 直接宾语（名词或代词） + 宾语补足语 + 宾语补足语一般放在宾语_________, 对宾语起____________的作用。 之后 补充说明 某些及物动词（如make等） 带有宾语补足语的一般句型为： I find the book interesting. You make me happy. done He found his new bike______(steal). 过去分词作宾语补足语，表示______ 或______ 的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。 被动 完成 stolen I saw him (beat) by his mother. I’d like the job when I come back from the journey. beaten done Practice hear＋宾语＋ doing sth. do sth. done. (1) I heard her _____________(sing) an English song when I passed by her room yesterday． (2) I heard her__________ (sing) an English song just now． (3) To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English __________(speak) as much as possible． singing sing spoken 听到……正在做……（主动、进行） 听到……做了……（主动、完成） 听到……被做（被动、完成或无时间性） 1. 表示感官、感觉和发觉的动词。 如：watch, observe, see, hear, listen to, feel, notice, find等。 (1) You’d better keep the guests seated. (2) We're having our car repaired. (3) I'm trying to get this article finished for Thursday.  (4) She had to shout to make herself heard above the sound of the music. 2.表示“致使”意义的动词。 (1) make＋宾语＋ do sth. 让……做某事（主动） done 让……被做（被动） (2) have＋宾语＋ do sth. 使……做某事（主动） doing sth. 使……持续做某事（主动、进行） done 使……被做（被动） (3) get＋宾语＋ do sth. 使……做某事（主动） doing sth. 使……持续做某事（主动、进行） done 使……被做（被动） (4) keep＋宾语＋ doing sth. 使……一直做某事（主动、进行） done 使……被做（被动） The shocking news made me __________ (realize) what terrible problems we would face．　 He spoke slowly and clearly so that he could make himself __________ (understand)． Mother had me ________ (go) to the shop and buy some salt． He had us ____________(laugh) all through the meal． My elder sister had her wallet _______________(steal) on a bus last month． realize understood go laughing stolen 3. 表示“希望、愿望、命令”意义的动词。 如：want, expect, would like, wish, order等。 (1) The teacher wouldn’t like the problem discussed at the moment. (2) He expects the book published this year. 4. “with ＋ 宾语 ＋ 过去分词”结构中, 过去分词用作介词with的 。过去分词与宾语之间是 _____关系。 (1) With all the problems _______(solve), she felt relaxed. (2) With all the noise ________(go)on, I couldn’t concentrate on my study. (3) With all the problems __________ (solve), the new president will have a hard a hard time. 宾语补足语 动宾 “with”结构中不同谓语的比较 going solved to solve You can make yourself _____________ (understand) pretty well if you keep on speaking the language. 2. --- I can’t see the words on the blackboard. --- Perhaps you need to have your eyes _______(examine) . 3. When I came in, I found him ______(lie) in bed. lying examined understood Practice 4. We can hear the windows _______(beat) by the heavy rain drops. 5.His father had him ________ (read) all the morning. 6. With everything well__________ (arrange), he left the office. 7. When he came to life, he found himself ______ (sit) on a chair, with his hands _____(tie) back. beaten arranged reading sitting tied 8. (2020年全国 I卷) A study ____________ (conduct) in Youngstown, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. 9. (2020年全国 I卷) These include plants that have sensors _______(print) onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. 10. (2015年浙江卷) Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it __________ (perform) live is quite another. 11. (2018年天津卷) I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph ______(take). conducted printed performed/being performed taken null 265448.28 $$