2025年中考英语人教版一轮复习课标主题读写课件：主题十一自然生态与环境保护

范畴三　人与自然 主题十一　自然生态与环境保护 [地区生态、地域景色、环境污染、环境保护、可循环利用] 教材话题链接 八年级(下) Unit 7自然生态　　　　　　 九年级(全) Unit 13保护环境 [提示：请用“ ”画出短语搭配和固定句型，用“　　”画出写作可用的句子。] 一、阅读理解 A(种子传播的方式) (2024·遂宁改编)Plants have roots, leaves, and flowers.They have seeds(种子), too.New plants grow from seeds.Some seeds fall on the ground.New plants grow next to the old plants.When plants grow this way, they are too crowded to get enough sunshine and water.So some of them die.But some plants spread their seeds even far from where they live.These seeds grow in new places.There are many ways of the seeds' travel. The wind helps seeds to travel.Some plant seeds have little wings.When the wind blows, the seeds fly away.Soon they fall to the ground and new plants may grow there.Some plants dry up.The wind pulls them from the ground, but they are so big that they can't fly.They roll along the ground, dropping off their seeds. Other plants grow near the water.Their seeds drop into the water and go away with it.They may travel many miles before they stop. Some seeds have special parts called “stickers”．The stickers help the seeds travel far.How？These seeds wait for an animal to walk by.Then they stick into its fur to get a free ride.Sometimes it's a long trip.Birds carry some plant seeds to new places, too. Seeds can't walk.They can't run.But they can travel with the help of wind, water and animals. (　 　)1.What will happen if new plants are crowded? A．Some of them will travel. B．Some of them will die. C．Some of them can grow taller. (　 　)2.[代词指代]The underlined word “them” refers to “__________”． A．wings B．seeds C．plants (　 　)3.What can help the seeds to travel according to the text? A．Leaves, roots and flowers. B．Birds, stickers and wings. C．Animals, water and wind. 答案 B C C B(骆驼) (2024·东营改编)We've all seen pictures of camels carrying heavy loads(负载物) across the sandy desert.They walk without stopping for food or water for several days. Have you ever wondered how they do it？For your answer, take a look at the big round hump which is on a camel's back. Camels are the only animals with humps.And it's the hump that gives camels the amazing ability to go for long periods of time without food or water.The hump is like a spare cupboard(备用食物柜) where the camel stores(储存) food and water for days when there is nothing to eat or drink. When life is good, and there is plenty to eat and drink, a camel's hump can grow to as big as 40 kilograms.The food is changed into fat(脂肪) and stored in the camel's hump. When there is nothing to eat or drink, camels begin to use the stored fat in their humps.That's why they can continue to live for weeks without food and up to 10 days without water. Camels are like sponges(海绵)．They can take in more than 130 litres of water in one short drink.In only a few minutes, all of this water goes directly to the camel's blood cells(细胞)． Camels save water too.They never know when they'll find the next watering hole.As they breathe out their noses close quickly.The water in the breath stays in their bodies. After a long trek across the desert carrying 100 kilograms or more, a camel can lose up to 150 kilograms of weight.The camel's hump will become very small. As soon as this camel gets to an oasis(绿洲), it will take in hundreds of litres of water.In a day, it will get back most of its weight. Nature really has given camels the perfect system for living the hard desert life. (　 　)1.[段落大意]What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The shape of the hump. B．The habit of the camel. C．The function(功能) of the hump. (　 　)2.Which is TRUE about the hump? A．The hump always stays the same size. B．The weight of the hump depends on eating conditions. C．The hump can store more than 130 litres water. 答案 C B (　 　)3.Why does the writer use some numbers in this passage? A．To explain the facts more clearly. B．To express the ideas more politely. C．To make the article more educational. (　 　)4.[主旨大意]What does the writer mainly want to tell us? A．Camels have some amazing abilities. B．Camels have a perfect system for living in the desert. C．Camels have a great quality of never wasting water. 答案 A B C(蜂鸟守护者) (2024·自贡)Catia, a 73-year-old woman, is a hummingbird(蜂鸟) nurse.Her story with hummingbirds began in 2011, at a very difficult time in her life. She lost her husband in 2009.Two years later, she herself got cancer(癌症)．To fight against her illness, she sold her five shops but it didn't help much.So she felt depressed. One day, she was walking on the street when she noticed a tiny hummingbird with a serious eye problem.The kind woman took it home and named it Gucci. At first, she knew nothing about taking care of a bird.To look after Gucci, she studied the birds and their habits.Finally, Gucci got well. Later, Catia's friends began to bring her sick and homeless hummingbirds.She never turned them away.Then, more and more hummingbirds were sent to her. So she used her apartment as a hospital and Safe House for them.Since then, her home has been a hummingbirds' home. Now Catia is considered as an expert on hummingbirds and lives happily with hummingbirds.People think she is a protector of hummingbirds, but she thinks it is the tiny birds that save her.She told others the hummingbirds managed to pull her out of sadness and hopelessness.She always says, “The hummingbirds wrote me a new life.” (　 　)1.When did Catia get cancer? A．In 2007. B．In 2009. C．In 2011. (　 　)2.[词义猜测]What does the underlined word “depressed” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Bored. B．Down. C．Angry. (　 　)3.[细节排序]What is the correct order of the following events? ①Catia lost her husband. ②Catia is considered as an expert. ③Catia's home has been a hummingbirds' home. ④Catia helped a hummingbird with an eye problem. A．①④③② B．②③④① C．④③②① 答案 C B A (　 　)4.[主旨大意]What is the main idea of the text? A．It's important to protect animals. B．We should face difficulties bravely. C．Helping animals is helping humans. 答案 C 二、阅读还原(保卫红树林) 答案 A．China works hard to protect mangroves. B．The transportation became more convenient than before. C．People can join in games and create picture books about the animals. D．The city is home to 296.18 hectares of mangroves according to People's Daily. E．He felt very excited to see this kind of endangered birds. (2024·眉山改编)“Look! Here is a black-faced spoonbill(琵鹭) at the Futian Mangrove(红树林) Ecological(生态的) Park，” said Yan Zihan, a 15-year-old student from Shenzhen, Guangdong.1.______ E Some experts said, “Spoonbills can live happily in Shenzhen because mangroves provide them with food and home. Generally, the special plants grow in warm places by the sea.” 2．______ So its mangrove area has increased from 22, 000 hectares(公顷) in 2001 to 27,000 hectares today, making China one of the few countries in the world with an increase in mangrove areas. Recently, the world's first international mangrove center has been set up in Shenzhen.3.______ Local government has tried hard to protect mangroves. For example, back in the 1990s when the city was building a road along the coast，instead of just cutting down the mangroves，they decided to move the road 260 meters to the north.This decision helped to save the important mangrove ecosystem(生态系统) in the city. 答案 A D The protection of mangroves is also good for the people living in Shenzhen. The park hosts fun events like the spoonbill festival and the otter(水獭) festival. 4.______ Students can learn about nature through programs like researching on mangroves or designing the park.From 2019 on, over 3,000 students and teachers have taken part in educational activities about wetlands at the park. 答案 C 三、完形填空(废旧物品再利用) (2024·山西改编)Marco and Kim left the school and 1 towards home. “I wish we could play basketball at our neighborhood park，” said Kim. “But the basketball hoop at the park is 2 ，” said Marco. “It hasn't been fixed yet.” Marco and Kim walked past the town's recycling station. When Marco saw many recyclable plastic, paper and metal objects, he thought of an 3 —Maybe we could reuse something to make a basketball hoop. As he looked around the station, an old plastic laundry basket(洗衣篮) caught his 4 . “We can use this，” he held it up and said to Kim. Kim 5 , “It looks useless.” Marco smiled and said, “It won't look so 6 . I could make a fine hoop with it.” At home, Marco made a post and a backboard with some waste wood. Then he 7 the bottom of the basket, stuck the basket to the backboard, and the backboard to the post. After that, he went to the park, dug a hole, and put the post in the 8 . The next day, Kim saw the recycled hoop. He tried and scored a goal. He said 9 , “I was wrong. It is a lot better than I thought.” “When we reuse things, we make waste 10 again.” “Wonderful! Now we can play basketball whenever we want！” Kim shouted and scored another goal. (　 　)1.A.rode B．walked C．played (　 　)2.A.old B．dirty C．broken (　 　)3.A.imagination B．idea C．invention (　 　)4.A.eye B．car C．nose (　 　)5.A.doubted B．explained C．suggested (　 　)6.A.lucky B．good C．bad (　 　)7.A.cut off B．played with C．looked for (　 　)8.A.lake B．street C．ground (　 　)9.A.clearly B．patiently C．excitedly (　 　)10.A.tidy B．useful C．fresh 答案 B C B A A C A C C B 四、短文填空(首届垃圾收集世界杯) (2024·湖北改编)Do you believe picking up rubbish has become a world competition? In November of 2023, the 1.________(one) Rubbish Collection World Cup was held in Asia. Teams from 21 countries took part in it. According to the rules, each team will have 60 minutes to collect rubbish as much 2.________ possible. Britain 3.__________(final) won the first prize. “We hope more people around the world will pay attention to environmental 4._____________ (problem)，” said a British team member. first as finally problems When Ken, the founder(创始人) of the competition, 5.____________________ (interview), he talked about how he came up with the idea. Several years ago, he found many sea animals died after they ate the rubbish in the sea. So he started to pick up rubbish 6.______ his way to the beach every morning. “Picking up a piece of rubbish may save a turtle's(海龟的) life. It's also 7.____ good way to keep the beach clean.” In his eyes, changing 8.___________ (people) thoughts about rubbish was more important. “Picking up rubbish is meaningful and 9.___________(help)，” added Ken. “Now, I am glad to hear that lots of people take part in it to protect 10.______ (we) environment.” was interviewed on a people's helpful our 五、阅读表达(新兴旅游业——赏花) Flower-viewing tourism has taken off this spring as bounteous(慷慨的) blooms bend branches in public parks across China. “I know it sounds like an exaggeration(夸张), but it felt like Beihai Park—a well-preserved royal park in Beijing—had tens of millions of people viewing peach flowers on Saturday，” said Li Nan, a 28-year-old from Beijing who visited the park over the weekend. “I felt like I was raised from the ground by the crowd.” “Spring is all about flowers and outings. It's a good time to take pictures for people you love. I've seen many girls wearing Chinese hanfu(汉服) pose for pictures with the peach flowers at the park. That's awesome.” Travel agencies said bookings for flower-viewing tours surged that flowers like cherry blossoms, tulips and rape are blooming and temperatures are beginning to rise. “Cherry blossoms have a shorter flowering season, with their blooming time lasting about 10 days, so it's always the first and top choice for flower-viewing travelers，” said Tuniu, another travel portal, adding that Nanjing in Jiangsu Province and Wuhan in Hubei Province are popular destinations. Do you want to be a flower-viewing traveler? Where do you want to go? 1．Where is Li Nan from? _________________ 2．What did many girls wear in the park? ________________________ Beijing. Chinese hanfu. 3．According to the passage, why are cherry blossoms the first and top choice for flower-viewing travelers? ________________________________________________________________4．[开放性试题]What do you think of flower-viewing? _______________________________________________________________ 5．将短文中画线句子翻译成中文。 ____________________________________ Because cherry blossoms have a shorter flowering season about 10 days. It is popular/interesting/…(答案不唯一，合理即可) 春天是关于鲜花和郊游的。 话题素材积累 1．The small city is famous for its beautiful gardens.这座小城市以其美丽的花园而闻名。(2024·无锡) 2．This city has not only beautiful scenery but also a long history.这座城市不仅风景秀丽，而且历史悠久。 3．Waste and pollution become more and more serious, which has a bad effect on our earth.浪费和污染变得越来越严重，这对我们的地球有不好的影响。 4．It's sad to think of pandas and other animals in danger.想到熊猫和其他动物处于危险之中，我很难过。 5．It is everyone's duty to protect the environment.保护环境是每个人的责任。 6．We should try our best to recycle things.我们应该尽最大努力循环使用东西。 7．Taking a bus or riding a bike instead of driving is good for the environment.坐公共汽车或骑自行车而不是开车对环境有好处。 8．It's very important to save water and energy in our daily life.在我们的日常生活中，节约用水和能源是非常重要的。 9．I am glad to hear that lots of people take part in the activity to protect the environment.我很高兴听到很多人参加了保护环境的活动。 10．As long as we pull together, our city will become nicer and cleaner.只要我们齐心协力，我们的城市就会变得更好、更清洁。 典例剖析 (2023·湘西)随着中小学劳动教育的深入开展，近日，湘西州各校都举办了“爱劳动(labor)，惜粮食”为主题的社会实践活动。假如你是张林，请结合以下导图，给Steve写一封信，分享自己参加该活动的经历和感受。词数80左右。 注意事项：(1)必须包含所有提示信息，可适当发挥，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；(2)意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范；(3)请勿在文中出现真实的姓名和校名。 【审题目】5定 1．文体：应用文(信件)　　　　　 2．主题：介绍学校活动　　　　　 3．分段：3段 4．人称：第一人称 5．时态：一般过去时为主 【列提纲】梳理框架 【成篇章】 Dear Steve， How is everything going? I'd like to share something with you. I took part in an amazing school activity. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案 We went to the Sunshine Farm on May 4. We took the school bus there. There were 45 students and 2 teachers on the bus. At first, we went to the food museum where we learnt more about rice. Then we went to the field. We learnt to harvest rice from farmers and we also helped farmers to carry rice. At 5 o'clock, we went home. Though we were a little tired, we were very happy. From this experience, we learnt the importance of saving food and we will cherish food from now on.　 Best wishes! Yours， Zhang Lin (2024·云南)你校校刊英语专栏正在开展以“Getting Close to Nature”为题的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文，向专栏投稿，叙述一次你接近自然的经历及感悟(如郊游、研学、劳动实践等)，或谈谈接近自然的好处。 要求：(1)根据所给题目，写一篇短文，词数不少于80；(2)语言流畅、书写规范；(3)文中不得使用真实姓名、校名。 Getting Close to Nature ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案 Nature is the greatest gift to human beings.It is very important for us to get close to nature. Last spring, I went camping with my parents in the mountains. There was fresh air and beautiful scenery. We watched the unusual insects and appreciated the colorful plants. I learned a lot in nature. As for me, nature is the best teacher, and it has special energy to cure me. I realized how necessary it is to protect the environment. It's a meaningful and unforgettable experience for me. Get close to nature when you have time, and you won't be disappointed.　 $$