专题04 阅读理解 阅读理解说明文&议论文（期末真题好题速递）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年九年级英语上学期期末真题分类汇编（北京专用）

专题04 阅读理解 阅读理解说明文&议论文 北京市海淀区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末练习英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) Before the invention of air-conditioning, southern China’s skywells played a key role in keeping people’s homes cool. Could they do it again today? A skywell, or “tian jing”, is a typical feature (特色) of a traditional home in southern and eastern China, which can date back to Ming and Qing dynasties. A skywell is almost always in the center of a house. It is enclosed by rooms on four sides or three sides plus a wall. It acts as a transitional (过渡的) space between indoor life and the outdoor environment. Skywells were designed to cool buildings. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. As the cool outdoor air travels down the walls to the lower storeys, it replaces warmer indoor air, enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool. Even when there is no natural wind, air circulation (循环) still takes place, because the temperature is different between the top and bottom of the skywell. Moreover, another part of the cooling effect comes from the evaporation (蒸发) of water. People collect rainwater in their skywells, and when the water evaporates, it cools hot air. Today, although fewer and fewer people live in skywell houses, some designers take a new interest in the traditional Chinese buildings. They are getting creative ideas from skywells to help keep new buildings cooler. One example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in Jinan, which was completed in 2022. The 18-storey glass-walled tower block has a huge skywell in the middle, from the fifth to the top floor. The lifts, toilets and meeting rooms are all set around the skywell, which helps improve the lighting and air circulation of the building and cut the overall use of energy. Although ancient “green wisdom” like skywells has caught more attention of modern Chinese people, there are some challenges for bringing skywells into modern designs. For one thing, traditional skywells highly depend on their natural conditions, like how much sunlight or rainfall in the area, so adding skywells into modern buildings requires designers to fully consider their projects’ situations. Meanwhile, lighting, air conditioning and water supply have become so convenient that we depend on them with little care about the environmental cost. So it won’t be easy to be green by learning from the past without considering our present behaviours. 26．What do we know about skywells? A．Skywells are typical in western China. B．Skywells are enclosed by glass on four sides. C．Natural wind is kept out of the house by skywells. D．Water evaporation in skywells takes the heat away. 27．Why does the writer mention the 18-storey glass-walled tower block in Paragraph 4? A．To show that skywell design can be creatively used in mordern buildings. B．To prove that modern skywells are different from the traditional ones. C．To present how glass walls can improve the lighting of buildings. D．To explain why fewer and fewer people live in skywell houses. 28．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Skywells: A Traditional Design to Be Protected B．Skywells: Ancient Wisdom for Modern Times C．Skywells: A Green Structure to Be Improved D．Skywells: Modern Technology for City Lives (B) In the face of all kinds of changes in nature and life, our survival and development have been closely tied to our complexity. An idea called self-complexity refers to people’s thoughts about their different roles. It is the key to a strong and lasting identity (the sense of self) which can help us go through unexpected changes we all face. With self-complexity, people have developed various parts to their identities. For example, imagine a woman who sees herself as student, wife, daughter and tennis player and who has a wide variety of life experiences. Social scientists would say that she has high self-complexity. On the other hand, a man who regards himself only as a student or only as a member of the hockey team and who has limited life experiences would be said to have low self-complexity. For those with high self-complexity, the various parts of the self are separate. This means the positive and negative thoughts about a certain part of the self won’t affect (影响) thoughts about other parts. A large body of research shows that if you depend too much on any one part of the self, you will become fragile. When one’s identity connects too closely with the only one part that he cares deeply, then one will easily get stressed and burnt out when unexpected changes appear. This is especially true for an athlete during periods of change when his main—and all too often, only—sense of identity feels at risk. Yet while it may be heightened for athletes, it’s a pattern that holds true in all walks of life: if you want to be excellent and experience something fully, then you’ve got to go all in, but only to a point. If your identity becomes too involved in any one part, then you are likely to suffer when things change. So what you need to do is to challenge yourself to put the various parts of your identity into a whole. This allows you to emphasize (强调) and reemphasize certain parts of your identity at different periods of time. The result is a fluid (流动的) sense of self. Developing a fluid sense of self doesn’t mean you can be careless or just do things without effort. Caring deeply about the people, activities, and projects you love is undoubtedly the key to a rich and meaningful life. The problem is not caring deeply; it is when your identity is too closely fixed to any single goal. 29．Which most probably shows you have high self-complexity? A．You complete your science project with music on. B．You turn to the people around you when in trouble. C．You make an effort to improve English through practice. D．You keep a balance between schoolwork and sports training. 30．The word “fragile” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A．cold B．lazy C．weak D．careless 31．What can we learn from the passage? A．Most people get stressed out more easily than athletes. B．A strong identity comes from going all in for a single goal. C．Doing well in one area betters other parts of a person’s identity. D．Developing a fluid sense of self helps deal with unexpected changes. 32．What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To introduce different ways to face challenges. B．To stress the importance of trying hard in one area. C．To remind us to care about various parts of the self. D．To discuss the meaning of a strong and lasting identity. 北京市东城区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末统一检测英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) Recently, some people have complained about the purposefully addictive (上瘾的) designs of smartphones and social media, which make it hard for anyone to put them down, especially teens. Now, a new report in Emotion gives facts that back up what these people said. According to the report, young people’s life satisfaction and happiness have dropped since 2012, the year the percentage of teens owning smartphones started increasing rapidly. The report also finds that teens’ psychological (心理的) health gets worse the more hours a week they spend on screens.   Jean Twenge is the lead writer of the report. She graphed (制图) the connection between happiness and screen activities, such as social media, texting, gaming, and video chats. She also graphed the connection between happiness and non-screen activities, including sports, reading, and face-to-face communications. She called the relationship between screen and non-screen activities “zero sum”—if you are doing one, it takes time away from the others. Diane Tanman complains that her sons are like that. They are 11 and 15. They used to play games in fields, and it made them happier. These days, her sons are more into online games. Many of the games have rewards (奖励) built in to keep players coming back. “It’s just junk food for the brain,” Tanman said. Ed Lazzara says his 12-year-old son Leo is a fan of video games. After playing a lot, Leo gets more upset and uncomfortable. He wants his son to play fewer video games. However, totally staying away from electronic devices (设备) doesn’t lead to happiness, either. Twenge and her co-writers found that the happiest teens used electronic devices a little less than an hour daily. After a daily hour of screen time, unhappiness rises in relation to increasing screen time. Spending time in front of a screen is a normal part of being a teenager. Many schools require students to be online and to use iPads or other devices to do their work. But teachers and parents have also complained that technology can get in the way of learning when teens use their devices for things other than their studies. If we recognize how screen time influences young minds, we can help teens use technology better and protect their psychological health in the process. Screen time is like ice cream. Sure, we can have some once in a while, but it shouldn’t be part of our everyday lives. 27．What can we learn from the passage? A．Screen time at home is not as beneficial as screen time at school. B．Nearly an hour of screen time every day makes teens happiest. C．Technology should be encouraged in classroom learning. D．What teens do on the screen influences their happiness. 28．Why does the passage give the examples of families with teens? A．To prove the bad effect of the addictive designs of electronic devices. B．To show parents have little control over their teens’ screen time. C．To compare different-aged teens’ feelings about screen use. D．To explain why electronic devices make teens feel happy. 29．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Use of Electronic Devices: Should We Consider Teens’ Needs? B．Teens’ Psychological Health: Why Is It Important? C．Screen Time and Teens’ Study Performance D．Screen Time and Teens’ Life Satisfaction (B) In today’s fast-paced world, research shows that more and more people are feeling “time poor”. Time poverty can happen when work, social duties, and family responsibilities take up too much of a person’s time, leaving little or no time for fun or personal interests. It can also happen when one feels like they are running out of time to reach their goals or complete tasks. The Internet, mobile technology, and social media have allowed people to experience and do many jobs in a single lifetime. The fear of missing out and the stress caused by it increase the feeling of time poverty. Besides, we often say “yes” to any extra work. It could be to help your team or your friends. But by saying ”yes” to everything, you are adding another task to an already full plate. People who don’t have enough time fail to perform properly at work and remain stressed. Continuous stress can harm mental health. Moreover, less quality (优质的) time with friends and family can make a person feel more lonely. So how can we stop being time poor? There are two ways. Firstly, be intentional with your time. It may seem harmless to check your phone for 5 to 10 minutes every hour, but this can add up to more than 90 minutes wasted every day just checking your phone. So, every minute counts, and the time wasted every day can add up quickly if you don’t realize it. In order to be more intentional with your time, you can consider planning out your day’s priorities (优先考虑的事) the night before or the morning of. Try to find out what things in your life are distracting you, and try to stay away from those distractions to stop wasting valuable time. Secondly, make quality time a true value in your life. How you spend your time with someone or doing something is more important than the quantity (数量) of time you spend on something. Train yourself to be more present in your life instead of allowing one area of your life to influence another. For example, when you are spending time with your family, be present and in the moment rather than focusing your thoughts and attention elsewhere. We are all given the same 24 hours each day. By being more intentional with your time and valuing quality time, you’ll learn ways to make better use of it. Then you can improve your overall well-being and spend more time on what matters most in your life. 30．A person will most probably experience time poverty when ________. A．he spends his free time having fun with family B．he watches his favorite TV shows for long hours C．he has little time to do exercise on a busy workday D．he completes his project a week before the deadline 31．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Effects of time poverty. B．Drivers of time poverty. C．Solutions to time poverty. D．Opinions about time poverty. 32．The words “be intentional with” in Paragraph 5 are closest in meaning to ________. A．strictly limit B．properly manage C．carefully save D．cheerfully spend 33．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To warn people of the risks of time poverty. B．To call on people to balance their work and life. C．To help people improve their time effectiveness. D．To remind people to spend more time achieving their goals. 北京市西城区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末考试英语试题 三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分） (A) There is a special plant that appears to make cats happy—catnip. When cats smell catnip, they rub their heads against it, roll around and look very happy. Sometimes they also become playful. Such responses (反应) to the cat-attracting plants are called the “catnip response”. Catnip can help cats, especially those kept indoors all the time, feel less bored. Years ago, we helped several cats from an animal care center and wanted to make them really happy. We bought catnip for them, but to our surprise, none of the cats liked the smell of this plant. How many cats are there who do not like catnip? Are there other plants that cats would like instead?     We tested 100 cats from the center with catnip and several other plants we had heard might have a similar effect. It turned out that about 30% of them did not care for catnip, but for other plants. Two of these plants are silver vine and Tatarian honeysuckle. When the two plants were offered to the 32 cats who did not like catnip, we noticed that 81% of them did love at least one of those plants. Silver vine was the most popular plant, even more popular than catnip! About 80% of all the cats loved silver vine—smelling this plant made them really happy. Silver vine was also the plant most loved by the cats who did not like catnip. There’re hundreds of chemical compounds (化合物) in plants. We tested which of them attracted the cats. The result suggests that cats respond not only to nepetalactone, the cat-attracting compound in catnip, but also to nine other chemical compounds, and the joyful response only happens when they smell enough of the compounds in plants. Actually, one of the cat-attracting compounds is also produced by animals. We believe they may use it to communicate with each other through smell. We still do not understand exactly why plants make cats happy. We are continuing our research. We also hope that more people will start using catnip, silver vine and Tatarian honeysuckle to help their cats live happier and healthier lives. 27．The writer did the test on 100 cat to find out _______. A．what other plants may attract the cats B．how many catnip responses there are C．if cats can be kept indoors all the time D．when the cats in the center enjoy catnip 28．What can we learn from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4? A．The 100 tested cats were attracted to cats. B．Most of the tested cats liked silver vine best. C．The catnip response depends on the color of the plants. D．Cat-attracting compounds are only produced by plants. 29．Which might be the best title for the passage? A．How Cats React to Catnip B．How Plants Make Cats Happy C．What Plants Help Cats Communicate? D．What Compounds Improve Cats’ Lives? (B) Imagine you got a bad grade on a test. What kind of thoughts would be running through your head? When something difficult like this happens, a lot of us will be hard on ourselves. Now imagine it were your friend who got a bad grade—what would you say to him? Most people say that they would be much kinder to their friend and would say something supportive. They would show their friend compassion, which means they would feel what their friend was feeling and wish to help him. When people show the same level of compassion to themselves, they are practising self-compassion. One way to think of self-compassion is by breaking it down into three parts. The first part is called mindfulness. Mindfulness just means being honest about how you are feeling without pretending (假装) that everything is okay, and without exaggerating the situation. For example, imagine you have plans to go to the beach on the weekend. When it is time to go, it starts to rain and you cannot go. A mindful response might be to say, “I am disappointed that I can’t go to the beach today”, rather than “I do not care, I did not even want to go to the beach”, or “This is the worst day ever!” The second part of self-compassion is called common humanity. Failure, imperfection and disappointment are part of the shared human experience. Common humanity reminds us that we are not alone in how we are feeling, and it can make us feel more connected with others around us. The third part of self-compassion is called kindness. It can help to think about what you might say to a good friend or what a good friend might say to you. You can also take actions to support your body and mind, like getting enough sleep or watching a funny movie. Some people worry that if they are kind to themselves, they will not try to do challenging things. But being self-compassionate does not mean that you do not want to make changes. It just means that, while you are doing something difficult you can support yourself rather than beat yourself up. Reminding yourself that we all find new tasks challenging, and that we all might fail sometimes, can help us be less discouraged and more motivated to improve ourselves. Being self-compassionate can set the stage (舞台) for better health, relationships and general well-being. However, it is also important to remember that when you are kind to yourself, the bad feelings and difficult situations will not go away, and they will always be a part of life. The more you open your heart to this reality instead of continually fighting against it, the more you will be able to feel compassion for yourself. 30．People may need to be self-compassionate when _______. A．helping a friend out of trouble B．performing poorly on the stage C．being overproud of successfulness D．making great progress in their work 31．The word “exaggerating” in Paragraph 2 most probably means _______. A．influencing B．examining C．overstating D．reconsidering 32．What do we know about self-compassion from the passage? A．Accepting imperfection helps us practise common humanity. B．Being kind to yourself makes difficult situations go away. C．Mindfulness may cause us not to recognize our feelings. D．Self-compassion means not challenging ourselves. 33．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To encourage people to support their friends in need. B．To remind people that self-compassion has two sides. C．To stress the importance of the connection between people. D．To suggest treating yourself like you’re your own best friend. 北京市朝阳区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) A group of Chinese scientists have recently created a new kind of self-powered, flexible (柔韧的), and transparent (透明的) electronic skin (电子皮肤) to monitor some human actions. The electronic skin is a very important part in the future of wearable technology. Because it’s soft, the special e-skin can stick right onto different parts of our body. Our skin, which is the biggest part of our body, is responsible for many important things like protecting us, helping us sweat, controlling our temperature, and letting us feel things around us. It is the basis of people’s physical interactions with the outside world. The perfect e-skin should feel a lot, power itself, and work well on human skin. “We got ideas from how real skin works and made this new e-skin both flexible and transparent to serve many functions (功能). After charging (充电), it can watch and understand very small signals and many activities in real time. It can feel a person’s heartbeat, tell when a person is eating, and inspect other body movements.” said Lan Wei,  a professor at the School of Physical Science and Technology of Lanzhou University and the leader of the research team. E-skin will be the main part of wearable electronic devices in the following years. The new invention can be used in smart health care, human-machine interaction, virtual reality (VR) and artificial intelligence (AI).  For example, it can help doctors control the robots better, let people “touch” things far away, and create more immersive (沉浸式的) gaming experiences. From now on, the scientists will work on making the e-skin feel things better and have more power, so it becomes even more like human skin, which will in turn make it more suitable for future. 27．What is the purpose of the new wearable e-skin? A．To control body temperature. B．To monitor human activities. C．To slow down the aging of human skin. D．To improve the flexibility of human skin. 28．What is special about the new e-skin according to Lan Wei? A．It provides more electricity for people. B．It is soft and has different kinds of uses. C．It can be put inside the human skin directly. D．It can feel a person’s heartbeat two minutes later. 29．The word “inspect” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________. A．predict B．guess C．check D．replace 30．What do the last two paragraphs mainly tell us about the new e-skin? A．Its gaming users. B．Its medical value. C．Its working idea. D．Its bright future. (B) The South Pole is covered in ice. The Antarctic ice  sheet (南极冰盖) covers thousands of miles. Antarctica is under 1.6miles of ice. That’s about 2 kilometers of ice.  Recently, scientists have discovered that the land isn’t 100% flat; under the ice is a large hidden landscape (风景) that has been frozen for millions of years. The scientists discovered that the land under the ice is full of hills and valleys. This secret world is greatly large, covering across 12,000 square miles. It is even larger than the whole country of Belgium. Time seems to stop in this frozen world, keeping its secrets for millions of years. To explore (探索) this hidden land, scientists used a cool technology called radio-echo sounding. It’s like sending waves from a special plane flying high above Antarctica. These waves bounce off (反弹) the land below, creating a kind of map.The scientists then study this map to learn more about what’s hidden under the ice. It’s a bit like using a magic wand (魔法棒) to uncover the hidden. Besides the radio waves, scientists also looked at satellite images (图像). Satellites are like our eyes in the sky, travelling around the Earth and taking pictures. By studying these images and the radio wave map, a picture of the land under the ice appeared. This hidden world wasn’t always icy and cold. A long, long time ago, before the ice took over, it was a lively place with rivers, hills, and even forests.  Animals probably walked around, enjoying the landscape.  But then, something unexpected happened.  The land got covered in ice, freezing everything in time like an ice sculpture (冰雕). This freezing event happened more than 34 million years ago,making it a truly ancient landscape. Now, scientists are not just wondering about the past; they’re also worried about the future. They’re concerned about global warming, which means the Earth is slowly getting warmer. The worry is that the ice in Antarctica might melt (融化), changing everything. Even though the Earth was warmer in the past, scientists hope it won’t get too warm too quickly. The hidden landscape is quite far from the edge of the ice sheet, giving some hope that it might not melt right away. Yet, the mysteries (神秘) continue. Scientists found a greatly large lake hidden under the ice, and they believe there’s even more waiting to be discovered. It’s like a never-ending story of exploration and wonder, where every fact that people discover opens the door to more questions about our planet’s past and future. 31．How did scientists “see” under the ice in Antarctica? A．By using a magic wand. B．By travelling around the Earth. C．By taking pictures from the plane. D．By studying satellite images and the radio wave map. 32．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To describe the present situation of Antarctica. B．To discuss the influence of global warming on Antarctica. C．To introduce the research on the hidden world under Antarctic ice sheet. D．To give some advice on how to protect Antarctica’s ice over millions of years. 33．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．The Mystery of Antarctica’s Ice B．Global Warming and Its Problems C．The Introduction of Earth’s Landscape D．Satellite Technology in Polar Exploration 北京市昌平区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末质量抽测英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) Many of us were told from an early age that, be it at school or in life, “you learn from your mistakes”. But is this actually true? The short answer is “yes”—failure can be a teachable moment. But learning from our mistakes is, in fact, very hard because we don’t like to fail. It doesn’t feel good, so we react to failure in emotional ways, like giving up on a task early, telling ourselves we don’t care whether we succeed, or finding something wrong with the task itself. This is self-protective, according to Hallgeir Sjastad, a professor at the Norwegian School of Economics. “Most of us want to think of ourselves as highly skilled and successful”, he says, so when we fail, “it results in a serious danger to our self-image”. Luckily, there is a research to suggest that there are some strategies (策略) to help us overcome the emotional barriers (障碍) around failure. One of them is to hold a third-person perspective (看法). Instead of asking “Why did I fail?”, we could ask “Why did Sam fail?”, for example. Lots of studies by psychologist Ethan Kross at the University of Michigan show that holding a third-person perspective helps to reduce our negative emotional influence, allowing us to look at failure without personal emotions. A second strategy involves offering advice to others who may be in the same situation as us. This strategy led to better levels of motivation and academic (学业上的) success in the test groups—involving both adults and children—that were asked to give advice based on their own failures. Professors Eskreis-Winkler, Fishbach and Duckworth found that the satisfaction of helping others “forces people to relate with their experience and what they have learned”. The writer Samuel Beckett once said: “Fail again, fail better”. But it now seems that we should be saying: “Fail again, fail smarter”. Failure is a certain part of life, but by learning to overcome the emotional barriers around it, we may find the road to success is a little easier to discover. 27．According to Hallgeir Sjastad, when we fail, we may ________. A．feel hard to find something wrong B．care about what we learned from it C．get bad influence on our self-image D．try our best to become highly skilled 28．What can we learn from the strategies? A．Learning from others’ mistakes may reduce negative emotions. B．Giving some advice based on success may cause academic progress. C．Helping other people overcome emotional barriers is the key to success. D．Holding a third-person perspective helps us be less emotional about our failures. 29．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To point out some advantages of learning from failure experience. B．To suggest us helping others with their negative emotional influence. C．To show better ways to overcome emotional barriers about failures. D．To stress the importance of finding satisfaction by overcoming failures. (B) Personality describes the certain ways of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that tell apart a person from others. The word “personality” comes from the Latin word “persona”, which refers to a mask worn by performers in the theatre to play roles, or disguise who the person is. Although there are many meanings of mask personality, most focus on the way of behaviors and characteristics that can help predict and explain a person’s behavior. Explanations for personality can focus on lots of influences, from genetic (基因的) effects to the role of the environment and experience in shaping a person’s personality. Types of Personality There is popular general knowledge of personality types such as the Myers-Briggs theory. The Myers-Briggs Personality Type Indicator (MBTI人格类型量表)recognizes a personality based on four aspects: introversion-extraversion (内倾-外倾), sensing-intuition (实感-知觉), thinking-feeling, and judging-perceiving (判断-感知). After taking a Myers-Briggs personality test, you are considered one of 16 personality types. Here are some examples of these personality types: ◇ISTJ: Introverted, sensing, thinking, and judging. People with this personality type are logical, organized, detail-oriented and practical. ◇INFP: Introverted, intuitive, feeling, and perceiving. They are easy to be idealists and sensitive to their feelings. ◇ESFJ: Extroverted, sensing, feeling, and judging. They are outgoing, kind, loyal and sensitive. ◇ENFJ: Extroverted, intuitive, feeling, and judging. They are known as “givers” for being warm-hearted and they are practical. ◇… ________ Research on personality can offer deep understanding about how personality develops and changes over the course of a lifetime. This research can also have important practical applications in the real world. For example, people can use a personality test to learn more about themselves and their advantages or disadvantages. Some tests give people deep understanding about how their personality affects many areas of their lives, including careers, relationships, personal growth, and more. Understanding your personality type can help you find out what career you might enjoy, how well you might perform in certain job roles, or how effective a kind of psychological treatment could be for you. Personality type can also have an influence on your health, including how often you visit the doctor and how you deal with stress. Understanding the psychology (心理学) of personality is much more than simply general knowledge or studying. The findings from personality research can have important applications in the world of medicine, health, business, economics, technology, among others. By building a better understanding of how personality works, we can look for new ways to improve both personal and public health. 30．What does the word “disguise” probably mean in Paragraph 1? A．To question. B．To hide. C．To discuss. D．To guess. 31．What might be the strengths of an ISFJ? A．Outgoing and kind. B．Humorous and self-confident. C．Curious and practical. D．Practical and sensitive. 32．Which of the following would be the best heading for ________? A．The Influence of Personality. B．The Forms of Personality. C．The Changes in Personality. D．The Studies on Personality. 33．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．people’s living environment is decided by personality B．a personality test is a must when looking for a worker C．deep understanding of how personality works matters a lot D．learning psychology can largely improve one’s personality 北京市大兴区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末检测英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) Technology is changing to suit people’s needs. The early development of transportation technology as well as the modern development of telecommunication has offered human a rapid rise in efficiency (效率). Of course, technology has also made life more complicated (复杂的) and some may say, led to bad effects. However, it is obvious that technology has made life better than before. There’s no doubt that technology has improved the standards of living. Machines can now do the heavier work which human beings find very difficult to do. Industrialization (工业化) has brought about large production, people can get goods at a cheaper price, too. Technology has made every aspect (方面) of life more convenient: computers have made work in the office more efficient and transport systems have made travel cheaper and even more enjoyable. Technology has also improved the quality of social life. The communication technology has brought the world closer, whether for business or for personal relationships. Yet, even though it is true that life has improved with technology, life has also become more complicated as technology becomes more common in our lives. The use of the Internet has changed the way we communicate, socialize and do business, and thus exposed us to risks. As more business deals take place online, there is an increase in cybercrime (网络犯罪). And stolen data has become a huge problem for businesses and banks. Cyberbullying (网络欺凌) is also becoming more widespread today. As much as technology has improved our lives, it has also brought about new sets of problems. Still, technology has given us the means to a better life that was unimaginable. To say that technology does not make life better or even makes life worse is an absolute wrong conclusion. There are also creative ways to solve the problems that technology has brought about, such as using laws and technology itself to solve the very problems it brings about. For example, some countries have introduced laws that control the use of online information to ensure personal safety is protected. Today, space rovers (漫游者) are even exploring new planets to check for signs of life. So, with the development of technology, it is fair to say that the stars are not out of reach. 27．According to the passage, how has technology improved the standards of living? A．By increasing people’s heavier work. B．By making work in the office more enjoyable. C．By making different aspects of life more convenient. D．By helping solve all kinds of difficult problems in life. 28．What can we learn from the passage? A．Technology has brought more problems than convenience to human. B．Communication is more complicated because of technology. C．Machines will take the place of human beings in the future. D．Laws can be made to protect personal safety on the Internet. 29．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A．Will Technology Really Meet Our Future Needs? B．Can We Protect Ourselves with Technology? C．Can Technology Change the Way We Work? D．Has Technology Made Life Better? (B) Have you ever looked out of the window of a passenger plane from 30,000 feet and wondered how people can have any major effect on the Earth? I have. But it is now becoming pretty clear that we are causing a great deal of damage (破坏) to the natural environment. And the planes that rush us in comfort to destinations (目的地) around the globe lead to one of the biggest environmental problems that we face today—global warming. For those of us lucky enough to have money and time to spend, there are a huge number of attractive places to explore. The cost of air transport has decreased (减少) rapidly over the years, and for many people, especially in rich countries, it is now possible to fly around the world for less money. Unfortunately, planes produce far more carbon dioxide (CO2 ) than any other form of public transport, and CO2 is now known to be a greenhouse gas causing the temperature of the Earth to rise. Scientists predict that in the near future the climate in Britain will follow that of the Mediterranean (地中海), a popular destination for British holidaymakers flying off to enjoy the sun. If global warming continues, we may also find that many tourist destinations such as the Maldives (马尔代夫) have disappeared under water because of rising sea levels. So what can be done to solve the problem? Well, although engineers are making more efficient engines and researching other fuels (燃料) such as hydrogen, it will be a long time before air travel is not damaging to the environment. Governments don’t seem to be taking the problem seriously, so it is up to travelers to do what they can to help. The most obvious way of dealing with the problem is to not travel by plane at all. Environmental groups such as Friends of the Earth encourage people to travel by train and plan holidays nearer home. However, with prices of flights at an all-time low, and exotic destinations more popular than ever, it is hard to ask British tourists to choose London instead of Beijing or Tokyo. However, there is a way of offsetting (抵消) the carbon dioxide we produce when we travel by plane. A company called Future Forests offers a service that can reduce CO2. The Future Forest website finds the amount of CO2 you are responsible for producing on your flight. Then you will pay a small fee (费用) to the company. And it can help you plant the number of trees that will absorb this CO2. Yesterday I returned to Japan from England, and was happy to pay Futured Forests £25 to plant the three trees which balance my share of the CO2 produced by my return flight. Now the only thing making me lose sleep is jet lag (时差效应). 30．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．The damage caused by public transport. B．The possible effects of planes on global warming. C．The main reasons for rising the global temperature. D．The predictions of some disappearing tourist destinations. 31．The word “exotic” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “__________”. A．interesting B．foreign C．similar D．beautiful 32．From the passage, we know__________. A．passengers can pay extra fees to offset the CO2 produced by their flights B．the climate in Britain is similar to that of the Mediterranean now C．environmental groups encourage people to plant more trees D．it’s getting more and more expensive to travel by plane 33．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To discuss the bad effects of CO2. B．To compare different reasons for global warming. C．To introduce the famous tourist destinations in the world. D．To call attention to the environmental damage caused by taking planes. 北京市石景山区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) People have long thought that AI will soon enough take jobs with repetitive labour (重复性劳动), such as truck drivers, cleaners, but cannot copy the creativity only human brains can produce. Truck drivers, retail cashiers and warehouse workers would all lose their jobs to robots, they said, while workers in creative fields like art, entertainment and media would be safe. Well, an unexpected thing has happened recently: AI has entered the creative class. In the past few months, AI-based image generators (图像生成器) like DALL-E 2, Midjourney and Stable Diffusion have made it possible for anyone to create unique, hyper-realistic (超现实) images just by typing a few words into a text box. These apps, though new, are already surprisingly popular. DALL-E 2, has more than 1.5 million users generating more than two million images every day, while Midjourney has more than three million members. It’s still too early to tell whether this new wave of apps will end up costing artists and illustrators their jobs. What seems clear, though, is that these tools are already being put to use in creative industries. A few months ago, Sarah Drummond, a designer in London started using AI-generated images. Instead of spending hours creating sketches by hand, Ms. Drummond, now types what she wants into DALL-E 2 or Midjourney. “All of a sudden, I can take like 15 seconds and go, ‘Woman at restaurant, black-and-white sketch,’ and get something back that’s really professional (专业的),” she said. Ms. Drummond added that AI image generators had limitations. They aren’t good at more difficult sketches, for example, or creating different images with the same character. And like the other creative artists, she said she didn’t think AI designers would replace human illustrators completely. “Would I use it for final output? No. I would hire someone to fully make what we wanted to realize,” she said. “But the throwaway work that you do when you’re any kind of designer, whether it’s visual, architectural, urban planner—you’re sketching, sketching sketching. And so this is a sketch tool.” 27．According to the passage, AI based image generators can ________. A．take the place of truck drivers B．be more creative than humans C．follow instructions to create certain images D．create more than two million texts every day 28．What does Ms. Drummond think of AI image generators？ A．They are more convenient for creating basic drawings. B．They will be widely used and end up costing artists their jobs. C．They are sketch tools to realize what you want for final output. D．They are good at creating different images with the same character. 29．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage？ A．To compare different AI image generators. B．To explain how AI image generators work. C．To encourage people to use AI for art work. D．To show how AI is affecting creative fields. (B) We’ve been told by parents and teachers since we were kids that “It’s good to share.” Taking it as an object of study, psychologists (心理学家) have published various papers stating that the behaviour of sharing is beneficial to setting up positive emotional connecting. Today, the action of sharing takes on more meaning. We are using technology to reduce the money that we spend on goods and services, or to make money out of those that we don’t use all the time. These differ from car shares to home shares, and even to pet shares. It is creating new ways of thinking and is providing services to people when and where they want them. This sharing economy (经济) is an answer to our increasing need for quality goods and services at competitive prices, all delivered at a click. Whether it’s an online shop where we can get designer clothes at rock-bottom prices (租) out our flats for a couple of days, it’s out there. Whether we’re a lender or a borrower; everyone makes or saves money. We also make connections and sometimes even make new friends. What’s more, sharing encourages us to reuse things, there by cutting down on waste. But the sharing economy is not without its problems as it’s developing faster than ongoing supervision. Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to increase their share of the market. In addition, the sharing economy is open to misuse of trust. Some people have experienced loss of things while renting out their homes, and others have found themselves being stolen or attacked while sharing rides. Finally, the heart of the sharing economy, is not yet safe. Sharing websites collect personal information about almost every part of our lives, locations, bank information, the technology to prevent such information from being stolen still needs improvement, and the awareness of possible risks is low among both service providers and users. Even though, what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is increasingly related to our daily lives. It is growing at such a speed that we can only imagine what it will include in the future. What will we be sharing next? Who will be sharing and how? And the most interesting question of all—what type of society will all this sharing take us to? 30．What can we learn from the passage? A．Online shops are the products of sharing economy. B．Both service providers and users think highly of risks. C．Sharing economy encourages lending and borrowing less. D．Sharing economy offers good services with reasonable prices. 31．The words “ongoing supervision” in Paragraph 4 are closest in meaning to ________. A．final judgement B．fair treatment C．continuous management D．powerful argument 32．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．there are more possible risks of sharing than benefits B．sharing economy will develop widely in different fields C．it will be a popular way to make friends through sharing D．sharing economy will bring positive emotional connecting 33．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．What’s Good to Share B．What’s Mine Is Yours C．The History and the Future of Sharing D．The More You Share, the More You Get 北京市燕山地区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) Would you like to get fewer colds and feel better? Would you like to have a taste of a special plant? Would you like to keep a plant with little care? An Aloe Vera plant could be just what the scientists may suggest! Growing Aloe Vera as a houseplant can improve air quality and help clean the air. Studies have shown that many houseplants, including Aloe Vera, can actually take toxins (毒素), sore throats and dry coughs. If you do get these illnesses, Aloe Vera plants may help you get better. Aloe Vera plants can be used as medicine. Aloe Vera gel (胶体) helps to deal with the pain of burns. And it also helps with itchiness (痒) caused by insect bites. To get this gel, peel it, and put the gel on the affected skin (患处). Apart from medical use, Aloe Vera plants are also popular in food industry. Whether you are interested in Aloe juice or crazy about Aloe yogurt, you’ll easily find them in the supermarket. Aloe Vera can also go with other vegetables to make a safe dish on your dinner table. Aloe Vera plants are not cactuses (仙人掌), but they are similar to cactuses in many ways. Like a cactus, Aloe Vera grows well in dry and warm air. Aloe plants require bright light. So they do best when placed near a window. Aloe Vera plants are able to store water in their leaves, make it completely wet, much like a desert rainstorm. That’s all you need to do to take care of an Aloe plant. Aloe Vera plants are lovely to look at and require very little care. That is why it is the perfect plant for a forgetful gardener. It is said that Aloe Vera is one of nature’s most amazing gifts! Scientists have even studied plants as a way of providing cleaner air in space stations. They consider Aloe Vera as one of the top plants on earth for improving indoor air quality. 27．Growing Aloe Vera can help ________. A．kill insects B．clean the air C．reduce pressure D．warm the house 28．Paragraph 4 is mainly about ________. A．what plants to choose B．why people grow cactuses C．how to take care of Aloe Vera D．where people place houseplants 29．What can we learn from the passage? A．Aloe Vera plants can grow better without warm air and water. B．Many houseplants can help you get better from the illness faster. C．Aloe Vera plants can be used as medicine and made into drink and food. D．It’s the best way to use Aloe Vera plants for providing cleaner air in space stations. (B) Do you like to keep fit? We all know that moving our bodies is good for us. Exercise benefits heart health, bone health, weight control, and much more. More and more people are taking up activities that improve their fitness. But there is a risk some of us might get obsessed (痴迷) and overdo it. While not getting enough exercise is a big topic for most people, however, for some people fitness has become an obsession as they aim for perfection. And fitness trackers and apps can add to this addiction(成瘾), especially if someone is driven by achievement and perfectionism. And sharing data on social media means exercising becomes public and competitive which could cause problems in someone who is vulnerable (易受伤的). Experts say this can lead to a medical condition called orthorexia nervosa (完美食欲症), it can lead to malnutrition (营养不良) and mental health problems. Too much exercise can also take its toll on someone’s physical health as well. Over exercising can lead to injuries such as stress fractures (疲劳性骨折), and a low immune system (免疫系统). So how much exercise is too much? Research by the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found the ideal pace to jog was about eight kilometres per hour and that it was best to jog no more than three times a week or for 2. 5 hours in total (适度的) jogging is possibly more beneficial than giving up exercising or doing hard jogging. While over-exercising can make problems, the good news is that you can change the effects of over-exercising. “The first thing you can (and should) do is to rest”, a sports and exercise psychologist says, “If you’re still experiencing symptoms (症状), it’s a good idea to check in with your doctor to see if you need to take more time off or if there’s any underlying problem that needs to be checked.” 30．What can lead to people’s addiction to over-exercise according to paragraph 2? A．Their needs for social support. B．Their addiction to fitness apps. C．Their worries over health problems. D．Their strong drive for perfectionism. 31．What does the underlined phrase “take its toll” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Go hand in hand. B．Have a bad effect. C．Go back and forth. D．Play an important role. 32．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．It’s a good idea to jog more than three times a week. B．Sharing data on social media can help you get achievement. C．More and more people like doing over-exercising activities. D．Addiction to ‘healthy’ eating or over-exercise can lead to health problems. 33．What is the passage mainly about? A．The risk of fitness obsession. B．The importance of doing exercise. C．The benefits of moderate jogging. D．The symptoms of over-exercising. 北京市海淀区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) Research shows that there’s actually something people can do to reduce the risk for dementia(痴呆). Just put on a step counter and start checking your steps-walking between 3,800 and 9,800 steps each day helps to cut down dementia risk. The study found that people between the ages of 40 and 79 who took 9,826 steps per day were 50% less likely to develop dementia within seven years. Furthermore, people who walked with “purpose”-—at a pace over 40 steps a minute—were able to cut their risk of dementia by 57% with just 6,315 steps a day. “It is a brisk(轻快的) walking activity, like a power walk,” said Borja Del Pozo Cruz, a researcher in health sciences for University of Cadiz in Spain. The study showed even people who walked 3,800 steps a day at any speed cut their risk of dementia by 25%. “That would be enough, at first, for inactive people,” said Cruz in an email. “In fact, it is a message that doctors could use to make very inactive older adults move—3,800 steps is very doable for many, even those that are less fit,” he added. “Perhaps, more active and fitter people should aim for 10,000, where we see the greatest effects.” But there was an even more interesting result coming out of the study: The largest reduction in dementia risk—62%—was achieved by people who walked at a very brisk speed of 112 steps per minute for 30 minutes a day. Earlier research described 100 steps a minute as a “brisk” level of intensity(强度) in their article Is 112 the New 10,000. Dr. Okonkwo and Dr. Planalp, two researchers on dementia, argued that 112 seemed easier to achieve than 10,000 steps a day, and people looking to reduce their dementia risk focus on their walking speed over their walked distance. The researchers agree this is a very interesting finding, and they note that intensity of stepping matters more than how far people usually walk if they want to stay smart after aging. Technology could be used to follow not only number of steps but also speed. These types of numbers can also be put in common watches, but more research is needed. 25．What can we know from Cruz’s study? A．100 steps a minute is a must for older people. B．Step length matters in reducing dementia risk. C．Inactive people can start with 3,800 steps a day. D．Young people should aim for 10,000 steps a day. 26．Why does the writer mention the article Is 112 the New 10,000? A．To question the effect of a power walk. B．To show the benefits of purposeful walk. C．To prove the importance of walking speed. D．To stress the advantages of walking distance. 27．What is the best title for the passage? A．Walk Wisely and Stay Smart B．Walk Faster or Walk Forever? C．Stay Active and Walk Ahead D．Wear Counters or Watch Others? (B) In a recent study in the U. S. and U. K., Van Tilburg and his team asked people through online surveys to describe the characteristics of a boring person according to someone they knew. Being dull and quiet, having no interests, no opinions and lacking（缺乏）a sense of humor are often mentioned. The researchers then followed up with additional surveys. The results clearly suggest that being considered boring is a negative（负面的）personality characteristic, and is often tied to introversion（内向）. So why are introverts sometimes seen as boring? Maybe because quiet people value their privacy and avoid sharing their everyday life. Their behavior is the opposite of the preference in a culture towards extroversion（外向）. This preference leads to a fixed idea that “quiet” means “boring”, and it reflects a push toward uncontrolled extroversion—just think about people crazily posting nearly everything on social media of their life and activities to attract attention. Another research argued that it might be problematic to overvalue extroversion as more socially preferred than introversion. This wrong idea might start from teenage years when we think having the most friends and being the best-liked means being popular. This type of everyone-agreed popularity may make quiet people see their lack of extroversion as a deficit. In fact, introverts tend to have the “quiet ego（自我）”, which allows them to have the ability to put themselves in other people’s shoes and understand situations from a bigger picture. According to researchers Bauer and Wayment, the quiet ego is a way of explaining the self that goes beyond being “self-centered” by considering both self and others. The quiet ego helps introverts to balance self-focused values, like power and achievement, and other-focused values, such as kindness and care for others. Balancing both values can lead to psychological well-being and life satisfaction. Generalizing introverted people with negative characteristics is false and harmful because introversion can carry many positive influences. In fact, an introverted style can be a strength. This is because introverts are likely to be truer to themselves than extroverts. Moreover, accepting their introversion as a benefit would in turn improve their sense of happiness. There can be a joy to being “boring” that can go along with a quiet, introverted personality. 28．Introverted people are often seen as boring because ________. A．they have no interest in pleasing others B．they refuse to express their ideas in public C．their sense of humor is often difficult to get D．their behavior goes against cultural preference 29．The word “deficit” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”. A．mistake B．weakness C．symbol D．talent 30．The writer would probably agree that ________. A．extroversion is more socially beneficial B．introversion usually leads to unhappiness C．being extroverted makes people truer to others D．introverted people are likely to get life satisfaction 31．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To correct a false idea about introversion. B．To discuss different causes of introversion. C．To explain why introverted people are quieter. D．To compare self-focused and other-focused values. 北京市东城区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) When we try something new, we often think that feeling uncomfortable means we’re in a situation that’s too hard to deal with. Embracing (接受) these feelings of stress and nervousness as a part of learning instead of heading back could help encourage personal growth, suggests a new study. In the study, over 2,100 people took part in some personal growth activities, such as taking improv (即兴表演) classes or expressive writing classes. In each activity, researchers told some people that their goal was to feel uncomfortable, nervous, or even upset. They were told that feeling uncomfortable was a sign that the activity was working. Other people weren’t told to embrace discomfort; instead, they simply paid attention to learning something or how they were developing their skills. Finally, the researchers found that the people who were told to try to feel uncomfortable were more involved in their activities, felt more encouraged to keep doing them, and reported a greater sense of achievement compared to those who weren’t told to experience discomfort. For example, some improv students spent more time on stage, and some writers were more interested in using expressive writing in their diaries. “Growing is often uncomfortable. People always see the discomfort that comes with growth as a sign that there’s a problem. However, we should consider it as a sign of progress instead of avoiding it,” say the researchers. If we learn to be comfortable with discomfort, we will grow stronger and make progress. The first step is to view discomfort differently. Look at discomfort as a sign that we are improving our lives and experiencing growth. Then do instead of thinking. Rather than think about how difficult or uncomfortable a task might be, just do it. Whatever we do, try to go a little past that point when we start feeling like we want to give up or when we are uncomfortable and want to take a break: run one more minute or kilometer than last time or write one more paragraph. No pain, no gain (收获). It’s true! When we push ourselves to grow, we will experience discomfort, but it will be worth it. 27．What can we learn from the study mentioned in the passage? A．Experiencing little discomfort leads to great success. B．The attitude towards discomfort influences personal growth. C．The feeling of discomfort encourages people to try new things. D．Paying attention to what you’re learning weakens your discomfort. 28．What’s Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．The ways to manage discomfort. B．The suggestions to avoid discomfort. C．The benefits of embracing discomfort. D．The reasons to view discomfort differently. 29．Which of the following does the writer probably support? A．I try to speak in public although it makes me nervous. B．I start swimming when I find running is a bit challenging. C．I keep quiet in class because I’m afraid to answer questions. D．I don’t like singing before strangers, so I always sing to myself. (B) Having too many friends doesn’t sound like the kind of thing anyone should really worry about. After all, what can be wrong with having a wider group of people to hang out with? According to the latest survey, the average (平均) number of friends people have on social media (社交媒体) is between 300 and 500. Research suggests that this number is actually higher for teenagers. Is it possible to maintain meaningful relationships with so many people, especially those you may never meet in person? We are just one click away from making new friends on social media. This has led some people to question how honest the friendship is. For example, when I see that a friend has posted photos from his latest holiday on social media, I’d typically reply with a comment (评论) like “Wow, looks great!” even though it doesn’t. The unwritten agreement is that the next time I post, that friend will reply similarly, so I’ll feel better about myself. Not long ago, I met someone who loved music as much as I did at a concert. We got along pretty well that evening, although the music was so loud! We even added each other on social media. Now, I see her photos on social media, and I “like” her photos, but I’m pretty certain that we’ll never meet up in real life. It could be argued that this is just another example of how life has changed in recent years. We live in a time when we expect things to happen right away, so is it really all that surprising that the way we form friendships has changed? Perhaps it shows how social media has made friendships less honest, turning them into meaningless “adds” and “likes”. Real friendships, on the other hand, take time to build. My most important relationships haven’t grown out of a few unimportant online conversations. It’s taken years of shared experiences to develop strong and lasting relationships. And these for me and I believe for most other people too are much more valuable and meaningful. It’s something that cannot be replicated on social media. No matter how many times you have “liked” a person’s posts, you cannot get the same result. It has been said that technology is destroying our relationships with other people. I wouldn’t go so far as to say that. However, it seems that it has changed the way that we manage our friendships. But in the end, it’s up to us to decide how real and meaningful those friendships are. 30．What can we learn about making friends on social media? A．People often share their real feelings with online friends. B．Teenagers are more likely to meet online friends in person. C．Communicating online is the first step to making real friends. D．People always expect good comments on their posts from friends. 31．Why does the writer mention the experience of making a friend in Paragraph 4? A．To suggest an easy way of making friends. B．To explain why people make friends on social media. C．To stress the importance of making friends in real life. D．To show how technology has changed the way of making friends. 32．The word “replicated” in Paragraph 6 probably means _______ A．shared B．learned C．copied D．tested 33．The writer probably agrees that ________ A．it’s necessary to be honest with online friends B．having more online friends makes people feel better C．social media helps strengthen relationships between people D．true friendships require company and honest communication 北京市西城区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) There has never been a common language in history, so we remain divided by language barriers（障碍）. But in every language, there’s something that we share — the understanding and use of names. The practice of giving someone a name is so natural that we almost never think about what it means. Only in recent years has the journey begun to understand how powerful names truly are. It’s commonly understood that you're not really “allowed” to give yourself a name — it must be given to you by someone else. That tells us our first thing about names—they’re not solitary (孤立的). One might think your name is your business, but in reality, it influences everyone around you. That’s not to say others have control over your name, but names are, in and of themselves, a symbol of one’s relationship to others around them. Take my name, for example:Brianna. That’s what’s on my ID card. But if I go to class, I might be “Miss Lindsey”. If I go to the library, I might be called “Bri” by my classmates. If I go home, I’m everything from “Bama Lama” to “Clown”. Are these my names? Yes and no. The point of this argument is that names are not meaningless sounds. Names express the spirit of who we think we are. If you always had to answer to the nickname（绰号）“Chatterbox”, it might be funny at first, but time would wear down the humor, and you would begin to connect yourself with the meaning of that name. Moreover, we live in a world where impression is king. How we feel is directly influenced by others’ impressions of us, and names are one of the most powerful ways through which we understand their impressions of us. So, whether it’s a birth name, a chosen name, or a nickname, there’s always more to what you’re called than is on the surface. Birth names are gifts, titles are agreements, nicknames are often inside jokes. We are composed of thousands of stories, and names are how we express those connections to everyone. We often hear the phrase “what’s in a name” thrown around to show how little the effect what we call something has, but the truth is: What’s in a name? Everything. 27．What can we learn from the passage? ________ A．Names can hardly shape our character. B．Names show who we are in others’ eyes. C．Names on people’s ID cards aren’t actually useful. D．Names are creative expressions chosen by oneself. 28．If a girl often answers to the nickname Walking Dictionary, she might ________. A．begin to believe she has a large vocabulary B．think good learning depends on great dictionaries C．realize having a nickname improves her sense of humor D．agree having a large vocabulary matters most in a relationship 29．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?________ A．What is really in a name? B．How to use a name properly? C．How to give a meaningful name? D．Why do we need a powerful name? (B) Avoid conflicts with I-statements It’s easy to point fingers when in a heated conversation. Wouldn’t it be great to change the direction of it and avoid conflicts（冲突）with one word? It’s possible. Conflicts often start and become worse by our choice of words. Words like “You are so…” or “How could you…?” start conversations on a bad note. Instead, start with an “I” and center on your thoughts and feelings about the matter. Dr. Thomas Gordon coined the term I-message in the 1960s. I-message also known as I-statement is a form of sentence meant for expressing your thoughts without criticizing others. I-statements enable you to express your opinion without using upsetting language. For example, “I forgot to ask you for directions after you invited me to come,” is better than “You invited me so you should’ve given me the directions.” In this way, you avoid getting into an argument with others or directly pointing out the other person’s mistake. Also, you carefully make them realize what’s going on, showing them how the situation makes you feel. Doing so clears up things, and you can finally have a meaningful, two-way conversation. I-statements are useful in any conversation when you want to tell your side of the story in a more agreeable and reasonable way. Using an I-statement can also lead to necessary changes and even add warmth to your relationships. Strangers you come across will find you pleasant and considerate. You and your friends will continue to build trust in each other. Yet not all statements（陈述）that begin with “I”are effective in avoiding conflicts. For example, “I feel like you’re responsible for this,” is as upsetting as “You’re wrong.” Thomas Gordon also said that to successfully use an I-statement, your words should match your tone（语调）, facial expressions, body language, and how you feel. What’s more, an I-statement also has its drawbacks. The repeated use of  “I” can make you appear self-centered, especially in some cultures. Some may even think you’re weak and unable to understand opinions that aren’t yours. You have to be careful not to use the I-statement in a manner that destroys your effort to politely voice your real intention（意图）. All in all, correctly using the I-statement in conversations is a good way to avoid misunderstandings. By addressing a matter with vulnerability instead of immediately holding the other person responsible, you can keep respect and trust in your relationships. Whether it involves a classmate or a family member, expressing yourself well is key. Practice using I-statements effectively and you’ll be amazed how something so simple can make a huge difference in your social life. 30．When you use an I-statement in a conversation, you ________. A．calmly point fingers without voicing your opinion B．directly get into an argument with the other person C．unknowingly change your thoughts about the matter D．carefully express yourself to avoid misunderstandings 31．According to the passage, which of these statements would help you avoid conflicts? ________ A．You should book a table earlier. B．You never allow me to do anything fun. C．I get nervous when you raise your voice. D．I think you always make decisions without me. 32．The word “vulnerability” in the last paragraph probably means “ ________ ”. A．great eagerness to be right B．readiness to give up C．willingness to examine yourself D．a shortage of confidence 33．The writer would probably agree that ________. A．I-statements show one’s inability to understand others B．I-statements should be avoided in order not to appear self-centered C．using I-statements can surely result in perfect two-way communication D．using I-statements properly leads to improvements in one’s relationships 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 阅读理解 阅读理解说明文&议论文 北京市海淀区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末练习英语试题 (A) 三、阅读理解 Before the invention of air-conditioning, southern China’s skywells played a key role in keeping people’s homes cool. Could they do it again today? A skywell, or “tian jing”, is a typical feature (特色) of a traditional home in southern and eastern China, which can date back to Ming and Qing dynasties. A skywell is almost always in the center of a house. It is enclosed by rooms on four sides or three sides plus a wall. It acts as a transitional (过渡的) space between indoor life and the outdoor environment. Skywells were designed to cool buildings. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. As the cool outdoor air travels down the walls to the lower storeys, it replaces warmer indoor air, enabling the bottom of the skywell to stay cool. Even when there is no natural wind, air circulation (循环) still takes place, because the temperature is different between the top and bottom of the skywell. Moreover, another part of the cooling effect comes from the evaporation (蒸发) of water. People collect rainwater in their skywells, and when the water evaporates, it cools hot air. Today, although fewer and fewer people live in skywell houses, some designers take a new interest in the traditional Chinese buildings. They are getting creative ideas from skywells to help keep new buildings cooler. One example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in Jinan, which was completed in 2022. The 18-storey glass-walled tower block has a huge skywell in the middle, from the fifth to the top floor. The lifts, toilets and meeting rooms are all set around the skywell, which helps improve the lighting and air circulation of the building and cut the overall use of energy. Although ancient “green wisdom” like skywells has caught more attention of modern Chinese people, there are some challenges for bringing skywells into modern designs. For one thing, traditional skywells highly depend on their natural conditions, like how much sunlight or rainfall in the area, so adding skywells into modern buildings requires designers to fully consider their projects’ situations. Meanwhile, lighting, air conditioning and water supply have become so convenient that we depend on them with little care about the environmental cost. So it won’t be easy to be green by learning from the past without considering our present behaviours. 26．What do we know about skywells? A．Skywells are typical in western China. B．Skywells are enclosed by glass on four sides. C．Natural wind is kept out of the house by skywells. D．Water evaporation in skywells takes the heat away. 27．Why does the writer mention the 18-storey glass-walled tower block in Paragraph 4? A．To show that skywell design can be creatively used in mordern buildings. B．To prove that modern skywells are different from the traditional ones. C．To present how glass walls can improve the lighting of buildings. D．To explain why fewer and fewer people live in skywell houses. 28．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Skywells: A Traditional Design to Be Protected B．Skywells: Ancient Wisdom for Modern Times C．Skywells: A Green Structure to Be Improved D．Skywells: Modern Technology for City Lives 【答案】 26．D 27．A 28．B 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代的天井如何让住宅保持凉爽以及将天井引入现代建筑中创造性运用，但引入现代设计仍存在一些挑战。 26．细节理解题。根据第三段“Moreover, another part of the cooling effect comes from the evaporation of water. People collect rainwater in their skywells, and when the water evaporates, it cools hot air.”可知，人们在他们的天井里收集雨水，当水蒸发时，带走热量，会冷却热空气。故选D。 27．细节理解题。根据第四段“They are getting creative ideas from skywells to help keep new buildings cooler. One example is the National Heavy Vehicle Engineering Technology Research Centre in Jinan, which was completed in 2022. The 18-storey glass-walled tower block has a huge skywell in the middle, from the fifth to the top floor.”可知，作者提到了济南的18层的玻璃墙塔楼，是为了展示天井设计在现代建筑中的创造性运用。故选A。 28．最佳标题题。综合全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国古代的天井如何让住宅保持凉爽，以及它对现代建筑设计的影响；选项B“天井：古代智慧、现代应用”适合作为文章的标题。故选B。 (B) In the face of all kinds of changes in nature and life, our survival and development have been closely tied to our complexity. An idea called self-complexity refers to people’s thoughts about their different roles. It is the key to a strong and lasting identity (the sense of self) which can help us go through unexpected changes we all face. With self-complexity, people have developed various parts to their identities. For example, imagine a woman who sees herself as student, wife, daughter and tennis player and who has a wide variety of life experiences. Social scientists would say that she has high self-complexity. On the other hand, a man who regards himself only as a student or only as a member of the hockey team and who has limited life experiences would be said to have low self-complexity. For those with high self-complexity, the various parts of the self are separate. This means the positive and negative thoughts about a certain part of the self won’t affect (影响) thoughts about other parts. A large body of research shows that if you depend too much on any one part of the self, you will become fragile. When one’s identity connects too closely with the only one part that he cares deeply, then one will easily get stressed and burnt out when unexpected changes appear. This is especially true for an athlete during periods of change when his main—and all too often, only—sense of identity feels at risk. Yet while it may be heightened for athletes, it’s a pattern that holds true in all walks of life: if you want to be excellent and experience something fully, then you’ve got to go all in, but only to a point. If your identity becomes too involved in any one part, then you are likely to suffer when things change. So what you need to do is to challenge yourself to put the various parts of your identity into a whole. This allows you to emphasize (强调) and reemphasize certain parts of your identity at different periods of time. The result is a fluid (流动的) sense of self. Developing a fluid sense of self doesn’t mean you can be careless or just do things without effort. Caring deeply about the people, activities, and projects you love is undoubtedly the key to a rich and meaningful life. The problem is not caring deeply; it is when your identity is too closely fixed to any single goal. 29．Which most probably shows you have high self-complexity? A．You complete your science project with music on. B．You turn to the people around you when in trouble. C．You make an effort to improve English through practice. D．You keep a balance between schoolwork and sports training. 30．The word “fragile” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A．cold B．lazy C．weak D．careless 31．What can we learn from the passage? A．Most people get stressed out more easily than athletes. B．A strong identity comes from going all in for a single goal. C．Doing well in one area betters other parts of a person’s identity. D．Developing a fluid sense of self helps deal with unexpected changes. 32．What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To introduce different ways to face challenges. B．To stress the importance of trying hard in one area. C．To remind us to care about various parts of the self. D．To discuss the meaning of a strong and lasting identity. 【答案】 29．D 30．C 31．D 32．C 【导语】 本文主要阐述了发展高度的自我复杂性的重要意义。 29．推理判断题。根据“For those with high self-complexity, the various parts of the self are separate. This means the positive and negative thoughts about a certain part of the self won’t affect (影响) thoughts about other parts.”可知，对于那些具有高度自我复杂性的人来说，自我的各个部分是分开的。这意味着对自我某一部分的积极和消极想法不会影响对其他部分的想法。结合选项，如果你在学业和运动训练之间保持平衡，这最有可能表明你有很高的自我复杂性。故选D。 30．词句猜测题。根据“A large body of research shows that if you depend too much on any one part of the self, you will become fragile. When one’s identity connects too closely with the only one part that he cares deeply, then one will easily get stressed and burnt out when unexpected changes appear.”可知，大量研究表明，如果你过度依赖自我的任何一个部分，你就会变得脆弱。当出现意想不到的变化时，他很容易感到压力和倦怠。由此可知，fragile意为“脆弱”，与week同义。故选C。 31．推理判断题。根据“If your identity becomes too involved in any one part, then you are likely to suffer when things change. So what you need to do is to challenge yourself to put the various parts of your identity into a whole. This allows you to emphasize (强调) and reemphasize certain parts of your identity at different periods of time. The result is a fluid (流动的) sense of self.”可知，如果你的身份过多地涉及某一部分，那么当事情发生变化时你可能会受到影响。所以你需要做的就是挑战自己，将你身份的各个部分整合成一个整体。这使您可以在不同的时间段强调和淡化您身份的某些部分。结果是一种流动的自我意识。由此可推测，培养流动的自我意识有助于应对意外的变化。故选D。 32．推理判断题。根据“Caring deeply about the people, activities, and projects you love is undoubtedly the key to a rich and meaningful life.”可知，深入关心你所热爱的人、参加你喜欢的活动和项目，这是丰富且有意义生活的关键。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提醒我们要关心自我的各个方面。故选C。 北京市东城区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末统一检测英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) Recently, some people have complained about the purposefully addictive (上瘾的) designs of smartphones and social media, which make it hard for anyone to put them down, especially teens. Now, a new report in Emotion gives facts that back up what these people said. According to the report, young people’s life satisfaction and happiness have dropped since 2012, the year the percentage of teens owning smartphones started increasing rapidly. The report also finds that teens’ psychological (心理的) health gets worse the more hours a week they spend on screens.   Jean Twenge is the lead writer of the report. She graphed (制图) the connection between happiness and screen activities, such as social media, texting, gaming, and video chats. She also graphed the connection between happiness and non-screen activities, including sports, reading, and face-to-face communications. She called the relationship between screen and non-screen activities “zero sum”—if you are doing one, it takes time away from the others. Diane Tanman complains that her sons are like that. They are 11 and 15. They used to play games in fields, and it made them happier. These days, her sons are more into online games. Many of the games have rewards (奖励) built in to keep players coming back. “It’s just junk food for the brain,” Tanman said. Ed Lazzara says his 12-year-old son Leo is a fan of video games. After playing a lot, Leo gets more upset and uncomfortable. He wants his son to play fewer video games. However, totally staying away from electronic devices (设备) doesn’t lead to happiness, either. Twenge and her co-writers found that the happiest teens used electronic devices a little less than an hour daily. After a daily hour of screen time, unhappiness rises in relation to increasing screen time. Spending time in front of a screen is a normal part of being a teenager. Many schools require students to be online and to use iPads or other devices to do their work. But teachers and parents have also complained that technology can get in the way of learning when teens use their devices for things other than their studies. If we recognize how screen time influences young minds, we can help teens use technology better and protect their psychological health in the process. Screen time is like ice cream. Sure, we can have some once in a while, but it shouldn’t be part of our everyday lives. 27．What can we learn from the passage? A．Screen time at home is not as beneficial as screen time at school. B．Nearly an hour of screen time every day makes teens happiest. C．Technology should be encouraged in classroom learning. D．What teens do on the screen influences their happiness. 28．Why does the passage give the examples of families with teens? A．To prove the bad effect of the addictive designs of electronic devices. B．To show parents have little control over their teens’ screen time. C．To compare different-aged teens’ feelings about screen use. D．To explain why electronic devices make teens feel happy. 29．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Use of Electronic Devices: Should We Consider Teens’ Needs? B．Teens’ Psychological Health: Why Is It Important? C．Screen Time and Teens’ Study Performance D．Screen Time and Teens’ Life Satisfaction 【答案】27．B 28．A 29．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《情感》杂志上的一篇新报告的一些观点，智能手机和社交媒体故意让人上瘾的设计让青少年沉迷于屏幕；青少年每周花在屏幕上的时间越长，他们的心理健康状况就越差，他们的生活满意度和幸福感会有所下降。屏幕时间就像冰淇淋，我们可以偶尔吃一些，但不应该成为我们日常生活的一部分。 27．细节理解题。根据第六段“Twenge and her co-writers found that the happiest teens used electronic devices a little less than an hour daily.”可知，最快乐的青少年每天使用电子设备的时间略少于一个小时。故选B。 28．细节理解题。根据第四段“Many of the games have rewards built in to keep players coming back. ‘It’s just junk food for the brain,’ Tanman said.”和第五段“After playing a lot, Leo gets more upset and uncomfortable. He wants his son to play fewer video games.”可知，作者列举有青少年的家庭的例子是为了证明电子设备令人上瘾的设计的不良影响。故选A。 29．最佳标题题。综合全文可知，青少年每周花在屏幕上的时间越长，他们的心理健康状况就越差，他们的生活满意度和幸福感会有所下降。选项D“屏幕时间与青少年生活满意度”适合作为文章的标题。故选D。 (B) In today’s fast-paced world, research shows that more and more people are feeling “time poor”. Time poverty can happen when work, social duties, and family responsibilities take up too much of a person’s time, leaving little or no time for fun or personal interests. It can also happen when one feels like they are running out of time to reach their goals or complete tasks. The Internet, mobile technology, and social media have allowed people to experience and do many jobs in a single lifetime. The fear of missing out and the stress caused by it increase the feeling of time poverty. Besides, we often say “yes” to any extra work. It could be to help your team or your friends. But by saying ”yes” to everything, you are adding another task to an already full plate. People who don’t have enough time fail to perform properly at work and remain stressed. Continuous stress can harm mental health. Moreover, less quality (优质的) time with friends and family can make a person feel more lonely. So how can we stop being time poor? There are two ways. Firstly, be intentional with your time. It may seem harmless to check your phone for 5 to 10 minutes every hour, but this can add up to more than 90 minutes wasted every day just checking your phone. So, every minute counts, and the time wasted every day can add up quickly if you don’t realize it. In order to be more intentional with your time, you can consider planning out your day’s priorities (优先考虑的事) the night before or the morning of. Try to find out what things in your life are distracting you, and try to stay away from those distractions to stop wasting valuable time. Secondly, make quality time a true value in your life. How you spend your time with someone or doing something is more important than the quantity (数量) of time you spend on something. Train yourself to be more present in your life instead of allowing one area of your life to influence another. For example, when you are spending time with your family, be present and in the moment rather than focusing your thoughts and attention elsewhere. We are all given the same 24 hours each day. By being more intentional with your time and valuing quality time, you’ll learn ways to make better use of it. Then you can improve your overall well-being and spend more time on what matters most in your life. 30．A person will most probably experience time poverty when ________. A．he spends his free time having fun with family B．he watches his favorite TV shows for long hours C．he has little time to do exercise on a busy workday D．he completes his project a week before the deadline 31．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．Effects of time poverty. B．Drivers of time poverty. C．Solutions to time poverty. D．Opinions about time poverty. 32．The words “be intentional with” in Paragraph 5 are closest in meaning to ________. A．strictly limit B．properly manage C．carefully save D．cheerfully spend 33．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To warn people of the risks of time poverty. B．To call on people to balance their work and life. C．To help people improve their time effectiveness. D．To remind people to spend more time achieving their goals. 【答案】30．C 31．A 32．B 33．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了在现代快节奏的生活中，越来越多的人们觉得时间不够用，所以文中给出了两种不浪费时间的方法。 30．细节理解题。根据“Time poverty can happen when work, social duties, and family responsibilities take up too much of a person’s time, leaving little or no time for fun or personal interests. It can also happen when one feels like they are running out of time to reach their goals or complete tasks.”可知，当工作、社会责任和家庭责任占据了一个人太多的时间，很少或根本没有时间来娱乐或个人兴趣时，以及当一个人觉得自己没有时间达到目标或完成任务时，就会觉得时间匮乏，C项“在繁忙的工作日，他几乎没有时间锻炼身体”符合这种情况，故选C。 31．段落大意题。根据第三段“People who don’t have enough time fail to perform properly at work and remain stressed. Continuous stress can harm mental health. Moreover, less quality (优质的) time with friends and family can make a person feel more lonely.”可知，本段讲的是时间匮乏对人们造成的影响，故选A。 32．词句猜测题。根据下文“In order to be more intentional with your time, you can consider planning out your day’s priorities (优先考虑的事) the night before or the morning of. Try to find out what things in your life are distracting you, and try to stay away from those distractions to stop wasting valuable time.”可知，这里讲述的是合理安排时间，划线部分表示“合理安排”，故选B。 33．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了在现代快节奏的生活中，越来越多的人们觉得时间不够用，所以文中给出了两种不浪费时间的方法。结合最后一段“By being more intentional with your time and valuing quality time, you’ll learn ways to make better use of it. Then you can improve your overall well-being and spend more time on what matters most in your life.”可知，本文主要是为了帮助人们提高时间效率。故选C。 北京市西城区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末考试英语试题 三、阅读理解（每题2分，共26分） (A) There is a special plant that appears to make cats happy—catnip. When cats smell catnip, they rub their heads against it, roll around and look very happy. Sometimes they also become playful. Such responses (反应) to the cat-attracting plants are called the “catnip response”. Catnip can help cats, especially those kept indoors all the time, feel less bored. Years ago, we helped several cats from an animal care center and wanted to make them really happy. We bought catnip for them, but to our surprise, none of the cats liked the smell of this plant. How many cats are there who do not like catnip? Are there other plants that cats would like instead?     We tested 100 cats from the center with catnip and several other plants we had heard might have a similar effect. It turned out that about 30% of them did not care for catnip, but for other plants. Two of these plants are silver vine and Tatarian honeysuckle. When the two plants were offered to the 32 cats who did not like catnip, we noticed that 81% of them did love at least one of those plants. Silver vine was the most popular plant, even more popular than catnip! About 80% of all the cats loved silver vine—smelling this plant made them really happy. Silver vine was also the plant most loved by the cats who did not like catnip. There’re hundreds of chemical compounds (化合物) in plants. We tested which of them attracted the cats. The result suggests that cats respond not only to nepetalactone, the cat-attracting compound in catnip, but also to nine other chemical compounds, and the joyful response only happens when they smell enough of the compounds in plants. Actually, one of the cat-attracting compounds is also produced by animals. We believe they may use it to communicate with each other through smell. We still do not understand exactly why plants make cats happy. We are continuing our research. We also hope that more people will start using catnip, silver vine and Tatarian honeysuckle to help their cats live happier and healthier lives. 27．The writer did the test on 100 cat to find out _______. A．what other plants may attract the cats B．how many catnip responses there are C．if cats can be kept indoors all the time D．when the cats in the center enjoy catnip 28．What can we learn from Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4? A．The 100 tested cats were attracted to cats. B．Most of the tested cats liked silver vine best. C．The catnip response depends on the color of the plants. D．Cat-attracting compounds are only produced by plants. 29．Which might be the best title for the passage? A．How Cats React to Catnip B．How Plants Make Cats Happy C．What Plants Help Cats Communicate? D．What Compounds Improve Cats’ Lives? 【答案】 27．A 28．B 29．B 【导语】 本文主要介绍了研究发现，有些植物中含有吸引猫的化合物，使猫感到愉快。他们希望更多人开始使用这些植物帮助自己的猫过上更快乐，更健康的生活。 27．推理判断题。根据“Are there other plants that cats would like instead?”以及“We tested 100 cats from the center with catnip and several other plants we had heard might have a similar effect. It turned out that about 30% of them did not care for catnip, but for other plants.”可推断，作者对100只猫进行了测试，以找出其他哪些植物可能吸引猫，故选A。 28．推理判断题。根据“Silver vine was the most popular plant, even more popular than catnip! About 80% of all the cats loved silver vine”可知，大多数被测试的猫最喜欢银藤，故选B。 29．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了研究发现，有些植物中含有吸引猫的化合物，使猫感到愉快。他们希望更多人开始使用这些植物帮助自己的猫过上更快乐，更健康的生活，所以B选项“植物是如何让猫快乐的”符合本文标题，故选B。 (B) Imagine you got a bad grade on a test. What kind of thoughts would be running through your head? When something difficult like this happens, a lot of us will be hard on ourselves. Now imagine it were your friend who got a bad grade—what would you say to him? Most people say that they would be much kinder to their friend and would say something supportive. They would show their friend compassion, which means they would feel what their friend was feeling and wish to help him. When people show the same level of compassion to themselves, they are practising self-compassion. One way to think of self-compassion is by breaking it down into three parts. The first part is called mindfulness. Mindfulness just means being honest about how you are feeling without pretending (假装) that everything is okay, and without exaggerating the situation. For example, imagine you have plans to go to the beach on the weekend. When it is time to go, it starts to rain and you cannot go. A mindful response might be to say, “I am disappointed that I can’t go to the beach today”, rather than “I do not care, I did not even want to go to the beach”, or “This is the worst day ever!” The second part of self-compassion is called common humanity. Failure, imperfection and disappointment are part of the shared human experience. Common humanity reminds us that we are not alone in how we are feeling, and it can make us feel more connected with others around us. The third part of self-compassion is called kindness. It can help to think about what you might say to a good friend or what a good friend might say to you. You can also take actions to support your body and mind, like getting enough sleep or watching a funny movie. Some people worry that if they are kind to themselves, they will not try to do challenging things. But being self-compassionate does not mean that you do not want to make changes. It just means that, while you are doing something difficult you can support yourself rather than beat yourself up. Reminding yourself that we all find new tasks challenging, and that we all might fail sometimes, can help us be less discouraged and more motivated to improve ourselves. Being self-compassionate can set the stage (舞台) for better health, relationships and general well-being. However, it is also important to remember that when you are kind to yourself, the bad feelings and difficult situations will not go away, and they will always be a part of life. The more you open your heart to this reality instead of continually fighting against it, the more you will be able to feel compassion for yourself. 30．People may need to be self-compassionate when _______. A．helping a friend out of trouble B．performing poorly on the stage C．being overproud of successfulness D．making great progress in their work 31．The word “exaggerating” in Paragraph 2 most probably means _______. A．influencing B．examining C．overstating D．reconsidering 32．What do we know about self-compassion from the passage? A．Accepting imperfection helps us practise common humanity. B．Being kind to yourself makes difficult situations go away. C．Mindfulness may cause us not to recognize our feelings. D．Self-compassion means not challenging ourselves. 33．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To encourage people to support their friends in need. B．To remind people that self-compassion has two sides. C．To stress the importance of the connection between people. D．To suggest treating yourself like you’re your own best friend. 【答案】 30．B 31．C 32．A 33．D 【导语】 本文主要介绍了自我怜悯的重要性以及如何实践自我怜悯。 30．推理判断题。根据“When people show the same level of compassion to themselves, they are practising self-compassion.”可知当人们对自己表现出同样程度的同情时，他们就是在练习自我怜悯，当出现选项B“在舞台上表现不佳”这种情况时，需要自我怜悯。故选B。 31．词义猜测题。根据“Mindfulness just means being honest about how you are feeling without pretending (假装) that everything is okay, and without exaggerating the situation”以及下文举例可知，不要假装一切都好，但是也不要夸大情况，故此处划线部分和overstating意义相近。故选C。 32．细节理解题。根据“The second part of self-compassion is called common humanity. Failure, imperfection and disappointment are part of the shared human experience.”可知自我怜悯的第二部分被称为共同人性，失败、不完美和失望是人类共同经历的一部分，所以接受不完美有助于我们实践共同的人性。故选A。 33．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了自我怜悯的重要性以及如何实践自我怜悯，所以作者写这篇文章的目的是建议像对待自己最好的朋友一样对待自己。故选D。 北京市朝阳区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) A group of Chinese scientists have recently created a new kind of self-powered, flexible (柔韧的), and transparent (透明的) electronic skin (电子皮肤) to monitor some human actions. The electronic skin is a very important part in the future of wearable technology. Because it’s soft, the special e-skin can stick right onto different parts of our body. Our skin, which is the biggest part of our body, is responsible for many important things like protecting us, helping us sweat, controlling our temperature, and letting us feel things around us. It is the basis of people’s physical interactions with the outside world. The perfect e-skin should feel a lot, power itself, and work well on human skin. “We got ideas from how real skin works and made this new e-skin both flexible and transparent to serve many functions (功能). After charging (充电), it can watch and understand very small signals and many activities in real time. It can feel a person’s heartbeat, tell when a person is eating, and inspect other body movements.” said Lan Wei,  a professor at the School of Physical Science and Technology of Lanzhou University and the leader of the research team. E-skin will be the main part of wearable electronic devices in the following years. The new invention can be used in smart health care, human-machine interaction, virtual reality (VR) and artificial intelligence (AI).  For example, it can help doctors control the robots better, let people “touch” things far away, and create more immersive (沉浸式的) gaming experiences. From now on, the scientists will work on making the e-skin feel things better and have more power, so it becomes even more like human skin, which will in turn make it more suitable for future. 27．What is the purpose of the new wearable e-skin? A．To control body temperature. B．To monitor human activities. C．To slow down the aging of human skin. D．To improve the flexibility of human skin. 28．What is special about the new e-skin according to Lan Wei? A．It provides more electricity for people. B．It is soft and has different kinds of uses. C．It can be put inside the human skin directly. D．It can feel a person’s heartbeat two minutes later. 29．The word “inspect” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________. A．predict B．guess C．check D．replace 30．What do the last two paragraphs mainly tell us about the new e-skin? A．Its gaming users. B．Its medical value. C．Its working idea. D．Its bright future. 【答案】 27．B 28．B 29．C 30．D 【导语】 这是一篇说明文，文章讲述了中国的一个研究小组最近开发出了一种新型的自供电柔性透明电子皮肤，用于监测人类活动，为可穿戴电子产品的未来带来了曙光。 27．细节理解题。根据“A group of Chinese scientists have recently created a new kind of self-powered, flexible (柔韧的), and transparent (透明的) electronic skin (电子皮肤) to monitor some human actions.”可知，是为了监测人类活动。故选B。 28．细节理解题。根据“Because it’s soft, the special e-skin can stick right onto different parts of our body.”以及“After charging (充电), it can watch and understand very small signals and many activities in real time. It can feel a person’s heartbeat, tell when a person is eating, and inspect other body movements.”可知，它很软，且有不同的用途。故选B。 29．词义猜测题。根据“It can feel a person’s heartbeat, tell when a person is eating, and inspect other body movements.”可知，前半句说了感知一个人的心跳，判断一个人什么时候在吃东西，所以应是说检查其他肢体动作，划线词是“检查”之意。故选C。 30．主旨大意题。根据“E-skin will be the main part of wearable electronic devices in the following years.”以及“From now on, the scientists will work on making the e-skin feel things better and have more power, so it becomes even more like human skin, which will in turn make it more suitable for future.”可知，这两段介绍了电子皮肤的光明未来。故选D。 (B) The South Pole is covered in ice. The Antarctic ice  sheet (南极冰盖) covers thousands of miles. Antarctica is under 1.6miles of ice. That’s about 2 kilometers of ice.  Recently, scientists have discovered that the land isn’t 100% flat; under the ice is a large hidden landscape (风景) that has been frozen for millions of years. The scientists discovered that the land under the ice is full of hills and valleys. This secret world is greatly large, covering across 12,000 square miles. It is even larger than the whole country of Belgium. Time seems to stop in this frozen world, keeping its secrets for millions of years. To explore (探索) this hidden land, scientists used a cool technology called radio-echo sounding. It’s like sending waves from a special plane flying high above Antarctica. These waves bounce off (反弹) the land below, creating a kind of map.The scientists then study this map to learn more about what’s hidden under the ice. It’s a bit like using a magic wand (魔法棒) to uncover the hidden. Besides the radio waves, scientists also looked at satellite images (图像). Satellites are like our eyes in the sky, travelling around the Earth and taking pictures. By studying these images and the radio wave map, a picture of the land under the ice appeared. This hidden world wasn’t always icy and cold. A long, long time ago, before the ice took over, it was a lively place with rivers, hills, and even forests.  Animals probably walked around, enjoying the landscape.  But then, something unexpected happened.  The land got covered in ice, freezing everything in time like an ice sculpture (冰雕). This freezing event happened more than 34 million years ago,making it a truly ancient landscape. Now, scientists are not just wondering about the past; they’re also worried about the future. They’re concerned about global warming, which means the Earth is slowly getting warmer. The worry is that the ice in Antarctica might melt (融化), changing everything. Even though the Earth was warmer in the past, scientists hope it won’t get too warm too quickly. The hidden landscape is quite far from the edge of the ice sheet, giving some hope that it might not melt right away. Yet, the mysteries (神秘) continue. Scientists found a greatly large lake hidden under the ice, and they believe there’s even more waiting to be discovered. It’s like a never-ending story of exploration and wonder, where every fact that people discover opens the door to more questions about our planet’s past and future. 31．How did scientists “see” under the ice in Antarctica? A．By using a magic wand. B．By travelling around the Earth. C．By taking pictures from the plane. D．By studying satellite images and the radio wave map. 32．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To describe the present situation of Antarctica. B．To discuss the influence of global warming on Antarctica. C．To introduce the research on the hidden world under Antarctic ice sheet. D．To give some advice on how to protect Antarctica’s ice over millions of years. 33．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．The Mystery of Antarctica’s Ice B．Global Warming and Its Problems C．The Introduction of Earth’s Landscape D．Satellite Technology in Polar Exploration 【答案】 31．D 32．C 33．A 【导语】 本文介绍了科学家在南极发现了神秘的冰下世界。 31．细节理解题。根据“To explore (探索) this hidden land, scientists used a cool technology called radio-echo sounding.”以及“Besides the radio waves, scientists also looked at satellite images (图像). ”可知是通过研究卫星图像和无线电波图。故选D。 32．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据“Recently, scientists have discovered that the land isn’t 100% flat; under the ice is a large hidden landscape (风景) that has been frozen for millions of years.”可知本文介绍南极冰盖下隐秘世界的研究。故选C。 33．标题归纳题。本文介绍了科学家在南极发现了神秘的冰下世界，因此“南极洲冰的奥秘”为最佳标题。故选A。 北京市昌平区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末质量抽测英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) Many of us were told from an early age that, be it at school or in life, “you learn from your mistakes”. But is this actually true? The short answer is “yes”—failure can be a teachable moment. But learning from our mistakes is, in fact, very hard because we don’t like to fail. It doesn’t feel good, so we react to failure in emotional ways, like giving up on a task early, telling ourselves we don’t care whether we succeed, or finding something wrong with the task itself. This is self-protective, according to Hallgeir Sjastad, a professor at the Norwegian School of Economics. “Most of us want to think of ourselves as highly skilled and successful”, he says, so when we fail, “it results in a serious danger to our self-image”. Luckily, there is a research to suggest that there are some strategies (策略) to help us overcome the emotional barriers (障碍) around failure. One of them is to hold a third-person perspective (看法). Instead of asking “Why did I fail?”, we could ask “Why did Sam fail?”, for example. Lots of studies by psychologist Ethan Kross at the University of Michigan show that holding a third-person perspective helps to reduce our negative emotional influence, allowing us to look at failure without personal emotions. A second strategy involves offering advice to others who may be in the same situation as us. This strategy led to better levels of motivation and academic (学业上的) success in the test groups—involving both adults and children—that were asked to give advice based on their own failures. Professors Eskreis-Winkler, Fishbach and Duckworth found that the satisfaction of helping others “forces people to relate with their experience and what they have learned”. The writer Samuel Beckett once said: “Fail again, fail better”. But it now seems that we should be saying: “Fail again, fail smarter”. Failure is a certain part of life, but by learning to overcome the emotional barriers around it, we may find the road to success is a little easier to discover. 27．According to Hallgeir Sjastad, when we fail, we may ________. A．feel hard to find something wrong B．care about what we learned from it C．get bad influence on our self-image D．try our best to become highly skilled 28．What can we learn from the strategies? A．Learning from others’ mistakes may reduce negative emotions. B．Giving some advice based on success may cause academic progress. C．Helping other people overcome emotional barriers is the key to success. D．Holding a third-person perspective helps us be less emotional about our failures. 29．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To point out some advantages of learning from failure experience. B．To suggest us helping others with their negative emotional influence. C．To show better ways to overcome emotional barriers about failures. D．To stress the importance of finding satisfaction by overcoming failures. 【答案】 27．C 28．D 29．C 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，文章给了两个策略，建议大家如何克服因失败引起的情感障碍。 27．细节理解题。根据第二段末尾“...so when we fail, “it results in a serious danger to our self-image”.”可知，当人们失败时，实际上会导致人们的自我形象受到严重的后果。故选C。 28．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“One of them is to hold a third-person perspective (看法).”可知，其中一个策略是用客观的角度来看待这个事情。故选D。 29．主旨大意题。根据文章可知，本篇主要讲述了两个帮助人们克服由失败引起的情感障碍的策略。故选C。 (B) Personality describes the certain ways of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that tell apart a person from others. The word “personality” comes from the Latin word “persona”, which refers to a mask worn by performers in the theatre to play roles, or disguise who the person is. Although there are many meanings of mask personality, most focus on the way of behaviors and characteristics that can help predict and explain a person’s behavior. Explanations for personality can focus on lots of influences, from genetic (基因的) effects to the role of the environment and experience in shaping a person’s personality. Types of Personality There is popular general knowledge of personality types such as the Myers-Briggs theory. The Myers-Briggs Personality Type Indicator (MBTI人格类型量表)recognizes a personality based on four aspects: introversion-extraversion (内倾-外倾), sensing-intuition (实感-知觉), thinking-feeling, and judging-perceiving (判断-感知). After taking a Myers-Briggs personality test, you are considered one of 16 personality types. Here are some examples of these personality types: ◇ISTJ: Introverted, sensing, thinking, and judging. People with this personality type are logical, organized, detail-oriented and practical. ◇INFP: Introverted, intuitive, feeling, and perceiving. They are easy to be idealists and sensitive to their feelings. ◇ESFJ: Extroverted, sensing, feeling, and judging. They are outgoing, kind, loyal and sensitive. ◇ENFJ: Extroverted, intuitive, feeling, and judging. They are known as “givers” for being warm-hearted and they are practical. ◇… ________ Research on personality can offer deep understanding about how personality develops and changes over the course of a lifetime. This research can also have important practical applications in the real world. For example, people can use a personality test to learn more about themselves and their advantages or disadvantages. Some tests give people deep understanding about how their personality affects many areas of their lives, including careers, relationships, personal growth, and more. Understanding your personality type can help you find out what career you might enjoy, how well you might perform in certain job roles, or how effective a kind of psychological treatment could be for you. Personality type can also have an influence on your health, including how often you visit the doctor and how you deal with stress. Understanding the psychology (心理学) of personality is much more than simply general knowledge or studying. The findings from personality research can have important applications in the world of medicine, health, business, economics, technology, among others. By building a better understanding of how personality works, we can look for new ways to improve both personal and public health. 30．What does the word “disguise” probably mean in Paragraph 1? A．To question. B．To hide. C．To discuss. D．To guess. 31．What might be the strengths of an ISFJ? A．Outgoing and kind. B．Humorous and self-confident. C．Curious and practical. D．Practical and sensitive. 32．Which of the following would be the best heading for ________? A．The Influence of Personality. B．The Forms of Personality. C．The Changes in Personality. D．The Studies on Personality. 33．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．people’s living environment is decided by personality B．a personality test is a must when looking for a worker C．deep understanding of how personality works matters a lot D．learning psychology can largely improve one’s personality 【答案】 30．B 31．D 32．A 33．C 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍MBTI测试下的几种人格，告诉我们人格的重要作用。 30．词句猜测题。根据“The word ‘personality’ comes from the Latin word ‘persona’, which refers to a mask worn by performers in the theatre to play roles, or disguise who the person is.”可知，“人格”一词来自拉丁语“persona”，演员在戏剧中戴面具是为了伪装自己。disguise的意思是“伪装、掩饰”，故选B。 31．推理判断题。根据“introversion, sensing, feeling, judging”可知，内倾、实感、感觉、判断，所以ISFJ这种人格是务实、敏感的。故选D。 32．推理判断题。分析该段内容可知，对人格的研究在现实世界中也有重要的实际应用，了解你的性格类型可以帮助你找到你可能喜欢的职业，你在某些工作角色中的表现如何，或者一种心理治疗对你有多有效。性格类型也会影响你的健康，包括你看医生的频率和你处理压力的方式。由此可知，本段主要介绍人格的影响，故选A。 33．推理判断题。根据“By building a better understanding of how personality works, we can look for new ways to improve both personal and public health.”可知，通过更好地理解人格是如何运作的，我们可以寻找新的方法来改善个人和公众的健康。由此可知，深刻理解人格是如何运作的非常重要。故选C。 北京市大兴区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末检测英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) Technology is changing to suit people’s needs. The early development of transportation technology as well as the modern development of telecommunication has offered human a rapid rise in efficiency (效率). Of course, technology has also made life more complicated (复杂的) and some may say, led to bad effects. However, it is obvious that technology has made life better than before. There’s no doubt that technology has improved the standards of living. Machines can now do the heavier work which human beings find very difficult to do. Industrialization (工业化) has brought about large production, people can get goods at a cheaper price, too. Technology has made every aspect (方面) of life more convenient: computers have made work in the office more efficient and transport systems have made travel cheaper and even more enjoyable. Technology has also improved the quality of social life. The communication technology has brought the world closer, whether for business or for personal relationships. Yet, even though it is true that life has improved with technology, life has also become more complicated as technology becomes more common in our lives. The use of the Internet has changed the way we communicate, socialize and do business, and thus exposed us to risks. As more business deals take place online, there is an increase in cybercrime (网络犯罪). And stolen data has become a huge problem for businesses and banks. Cyberbullying (网络欺凌) is also becoming more widespread today. As much as technology has improved our lives, it has also brought about new sets of problems. Still, technology has given us the means to a better life that was unimaginable. To say that technology does not make life better or even makes life worse is an absolute wrong conclusion. There are also creative ways to solve the problems that technology has brought about, such as using laws and technology itself to solve the very problems it brings about. For example, some countries have introduced laws that control the use of online information to ensure personal safety is protected. Today, space rovers (漫游者) are even exploring new planets to check for signs of life. So, with the development of technology, it is fair to say that the stars are not out of reach. 27．According to the passage, how has technology improved the standards of living? A．By increasing people’s heavier work. B．By making work in the office more enjoyable. C．By making different aspects of life more convenient. D．By helping solve all kinds of difficult problems in life. 28．What can we learn from the passage? A．Technology has brought more problems than convenience to human. B．Communication is more complicated because of technology. C．Machines will take the place of human beings in the future. D．Laws can be made to protect personal safety on the Internet. 29．Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? A．Will Technology Really Meet Our Future Needs? B．Can We Protect Ourselves with Technology? C．Can Technology Change the Way We Work? D．Has Technology Made Life Better? 【答案】 27．C 28．D 29．D 【导语】 本文介绍了技术发展带来的优点与缺点。 27．细节理解题。根据“Technology has made every aspect (方面) of life more convenient”可知科技使生活的方方面面变得更加便利。故选C。 28．细节理解题。根据“some countries have introduced laws that control the use of online information to ensure personal safety is protected.”可知一些国家已经出台了控制在线信息使用的法律，以确保个人安全得到保护。故选D。 29．最佳标题。根据“However, it is obvious that technology has made life better than before.”可知技术让我们的生活更好，因此最佳标题是“技术让生活更好了吗？”，故选D。 (B) Have you ever looked out of the window of a passenger plane from 30,000 feet and wondered how people can have any major effect on the Earth? I have. But it is now becoming pretty clear that we are causing a great deal of damage (破坏) to the natural environment. And the planes that rush us in comfort to destinations (目的地) around the globe lead to one of the biggest environmental problems that we face today—global warming. For those of us lucky enough to have money and time to spend, there are a huge number of attractive places to explore. The cost of air transport has decreased (减少) rapidly over the years, and for many people, especially in rich countries, it is now possible to fly around the world for less money. Unfortunately, planes produce far more carbon dioxide (CO2 ) than any other form of public transport, and CO2 is now known to be a greenhouse gas causing the temperature of the Earth to rise. Scientists predict that in the near future the climate in Britain will follow that of the Mediterranean (地中海), a popular destination for British holidaymakers flying off to enjoy the sun. If global warming continues, we may also find that many tourist destinations such as the Maldives (马尔代夫) have disappeared under water because of rising sea levels. So what can be done to solve the problem? Well, although engineers are making more efficient engines and researching other fuels (燃料) such as hydrogen, it will be a long time before air travel is not damaging to the environment. Governments don’t seem to be taking the problem seriously, so it is up to travelers to do what they can to help. The most obvious way of dealing with the problem is to not travel by plane at all. Environmental groups such as Friends of the Earth encourage people to travel by train and plan holidays nearer home. However, with prices of flights at an all-time low, and exotic destinations more popular than ever, it is hard to ask British tourists to choose London instead of Beijing or Tokyo. However, there is a way of offsetting (抵消) the carbon dioxide we produce when we travel by plane. A company called Future Forests offers a service that can reduce CO2. The Future Forest website finds the amount of CO2 you are responsible for producing on your flight. Then you will pay a small fee (费用) to the company. And it can help you plant the number of trees that will absorb this CO2. Yesterday I returned to Japan from England, and was happy to pay Futured Forests £25 to plant the three trees which balance my share of the CO2 produced by my return flight. Now the only thing making me lose sleep is jet lag (时差效应). 30．What is the third paragraph mainly about? A．The damage caused by public transport. B．The possible effects of planes on global warming. C．The main reasons for rising the global temperature. D．The predictions of some disappearing tourist destinations. 31．The word “exotic” in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to “__________”. A．interesting B．foreign C．similar D．beautiful 32．From the passage, we know__________. A．passengers can pay extra fees to offset the CO2 produced by their flights B．the climate in Britain is similar to that of the Mediterranean now C．environmental groups encourage people to plant more trees D．it’s getting more and more expensive to travel by plane 33．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To discuss the bad effects of CO2. B．To compare different reasons for global warming. C．To introduce the famous tourist destinations in the world. D．To call attention to the environmental damage caused by taking planes. 【答案】 30．B 31．B 32．A 33．D 【导语】 本文介绍了乘飞机旅行给环境带来的危害。 30．段落大意题。根据“Unfortunately, planes produce far more carbon dioxide (CO2 ) than any other form of public transport, and CO2 is now known to be a greenhouse gas causing the temperature of the Earth to rise.”及“If global warming continues, we may also find that many tourist destinations such as the Maldives (马尔代夫) have disappeared under water because of rising sea levels.”可知此处讲的是飞机产生了更多的二氧化碳，它会导致全球变暖，进一步导致一些地方被淹没，故此段讲的是飞机对全球变暖的影响，故选B。 31．词义猜测题。根据“However, with prices of flights at an all-time low, and exotic destinations more popular than ever, it is hard to ask British tourists to choose London instead of Beijing or Tokyo.”可知此处谈到机票价格低，很难让英国游客选择伦敦而不选北京或东京。可推测此处是指外地旅游目的地比之前更受欢迎。“exotic”与“foreign”同义。故选B。 32．细节理解题。根据“The Future Forest website finds the amount of CO2 you are responsible for producing on your flight. Then you will pay a small fee (费用) to the company.”可知游客乘坐飞机支付额外的费用能抵消他们的航班产生的二氧化碳。A项正确，故选A。 33．主旨大意题。根据“And the planes that rush us in comfort to destinations (目的地) around the globe lead to one of the biggest environmental problems that we face today—global warming.”及全文可知本文主要讲飞机带来的环境污染问题，故选D。 北京市石景山区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) People have long thought that AI will soon enough take jobs with repetitive labour (重复性劳动), such as truck drivers, cleaners, but cannot copy the creativity only human brains can produce. Truck drivers, retail cashiers and warehouse workers would all lose their jobs to robots, they said, while workers in creative fields like art, entertainment and media would be safe. Well, an unexpected thing has happened recently: AI has entered the creative class. In the past few months, AI-based image generators (图像生成器) like DALL-E 2, Midjourney and Stable Diffusion have made it possible for anyone to create unique, hyper-realistic (超现实) images just by typing a few words into a text box. These apps, though new, are already surprisingly popular. DALL-E 2, has more than 1.5 million users generating more than two million images every day, while Midjourney has more than three million members. It’s still too early to tell whether this new wave of apps will end up costing artists and illustrators their jobs. What seems clear, though, is that these tools are already being put to use in creative industries. A few months ago, Sarah Drummond, a designer in London started using AI-generated images. Instead of spending hours creating sketches by hand, Ms. Drummond, now types what she wants into DALL-E 2 or Midjourney. “All of a sudden, I can take like 15 seconds and go, ‘Woman at restaurant, black-and-white sketch,’ and get something back that’s really professional (专业的),” she said. Ms. Drummond added that AI image generators had limitations. They aren’t good at more difficult sketches, for example, or creating different images with the same character. And like the other creative artists, she said she didn’t think AI designers would replace human illustrators completely. “Would I use it for final output? No. I would hire someone to fully make what we wanted to realize,” she said. “But the throwaway work that you do when you’re any kind of designer, whether it’s visual, architectural, urban planner—you’re sketching, sketching sketching. And so this is a sketch tool.” 27．According to the passage, AI based image generators can ________. A．take the place of truck drivers B．be more creative than humans C．follow instructions to create certain images D．create more than two million texts every day 28．What does Ms. Drummond think of AI image generators？ A．They are more convenient for creating basic drawings. B．They will be widely used and end up costing artists their jobs. C．They are sketch tools to realize what you want for final output. D．They are good at creating different images with the same character. 29．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage？ A．To compare different AI image generators. B．To explain how AI image generators work. C．To encourage people to use AI for art work. D．To show how AI is affecting creative fields. 【答案】 27．C 28．A 29．D 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能已经进入了创意领域并且是如何影响创意领域的。 27．细节理解题。根据“In the past few months, AI-based image generators like DALL-E 2, Midjourney and Stable Diffusion have made it possible for anyone to create unique, hyper-realistic images just by typing a few words into a text box.”可知，基于人工智能的图像生成器使得任何人都可以通过在文本框中输入几个单词来创建独特的、超现实的图像。故选C。 28．细节理解题。根据“All of a sudden, I can take like 15 seconds and go, ‘Woman at restaurant, black-and-white sketch,’ and get something back that’s really professional”可知，伦敦的设计师Sarah Drummond开始使用人工智能生成的图像来取代她为工作绘制的黑白草图，她认为AI在创建基本图纸时更方便。故选A。 29．主旨大意题。根据“Well, an unexpected thing has happened recently: AI has entered the creative class.”可知，本文主要展示了人工智能如何影响创意领域。故选D。 (B) We’ve been told by parents and teachers since we were kids that “It’s good to share.” Taking it as an object of study, psychologists (心理学家) have published various papers stating that the behaviour of sharing is beneficial to setting up positive emotional connecting. Today, the action of sharing takes on more meaning. We are using technology to reduce the money that we spend on goods and services, or to make money out of those that we don’t use all the time. These differ from car shares to home shares, and even to pet shares. It is creating new ways of thinking and is providing services to people when and where they want them. This sharing economy (经济) is an answer to our increasing need for quality goods and services at competitive prices, all delivered at a click. Whether it’s an online shop where we can get designer clothes at rock-bottom prices (租) out our flats for a couple of days, it’s out there. Whether we’re a lender or a borrower; everyone makes or saves money. We also make connections and sometimes even make new friends. What’s more, sharing encourages us to reuse things, there by cutting down on waste. But the sharing economy is not without its problems as it’s developing faster than ongoing supervision. Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to increase their share of the market. In addition, the sharing economy is open to misuse of trust. Some people have experienced loss of things while renting out their homes, and others have found themselves being stolen or attacked while sharing rides. Finally, the heart of the sharing economy, is not yet safe. Sharing websites collect personal information about almost every part of our lives, locations, bank information, the technology to prevent such information from being stolen still needs improvement, and the awareness of possible risks is low among both service providers and users. Even though, what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is increasingly related to our daily lives. It is growing at such a speed that we can only imagine what it will include in the future. What will we be sharing next? Who will be sharing and how? And the most interesting question of all—what type of society will all this sharing take us to? 30．What can we learn from the passage? A．Online shops are the products of sharing economy. B．Both service providers and users think highly of risks. C．Sharing economy encourages lending and borrowing less. D．Sharing economy offers good services with reasonable prices. 31．The words “ongoing supervision” in Paragraph 4 are closest in meaning to ________. A．final judgement B．fair treatment C．continuous management D．powerful argument 32．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．there are more possible risks of sharing than benefits B．sharing economy will develop widely in different fields C．it will be a popular way to make friends through sharing D．sharing economy will bring positive emotional connecting 33．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．What’s Good to Share B．What’s Mine Is Yours C．The History and the Future of Sharing D．The More You Share, the More You Get 【答案】 30．D 31．C 32．B 33．B 【导语】 本文主要讲述了共享经济的发展和影响。 30．细节理解题。根据第三段“This sharing economy (经济) is an answer to our increasing need for quality goods and services at competitive prices, all delivered at a click.”可知，共享经济提供优质的服务和合理的价格。故选D。 31．词义猜测题。根据第四段“But the sharing economy is not without its problems as it’s developing faster than ongoing supervision. Some companies are taking unfair advantage of this situation to increase their share of the market.”可知，共享经济的发展速度快于持续的监督，一些公司正在不公平地利用这种情况来增加其市场份额。“ongoing supervision”表示“持续监督”，与“continuous management”含义相同。故选C。 32．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even though, what is in no doubt is that the sharing economy is increasingly related to our daily lives. It is growing at such a speed that we can only imagine what it will include in the future.”可推知，作者可能同意“共享经济将在不同领域广泛发展”这一观点。故选B。 33．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了共享经济的发展和影响，选项B“我的就是你的”作为标题最合适。故选B。 北京市燕山地区2023-2024学年九年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) Would you like to get fewer colds and feel better? Would you like to have a taste of a special plant? Would you like to keep a plant with little care? An Aloe Vera plant could be just what the scientists may suggest! Growing Aloe Vera as a houseplant can improve air quality and help clean the air. Studies have shown that many houseplants, including Aloe Vera, can actually take toxins (毒素), sore throats and dry coughs. If you do get these illnesses, Aloe Vera plants may help you get better. Aloe Vera plants can be used as medicine. Aloe Vera gel (胶体) helps to deal with the pain of burns. And it also helps with itchiness (痒) caused by insect bites. To get this gel, peel it, and put the gel on the affected skin (患处). Apart from medical use, Aloe Vera plants are also popular in food industry. Whether you are interested in Aloe juice or crazy about Aloe yogurt, you’ll easily find them in the supermarket. Aloe Vera can also go with other vegetables to make a safe dish on your dinner table. Aloe Vera plants are not cactuses (仙人掌), but they are similar to cactuses in many ways. Like a cactus, Aloe Vera grows well in dry and warm air. Aloe plants require bright light. So they do best when placed near a window. Aloe Vera plants are able to store water in their leaves, make it completely wet, much like a desert rainstorm. That’s all you need to do to take care of an Aloe plant. Aloe Vera plants are lovely to look at and require very little care. That is why it is the perfect plant for a forgetful gardener. It is said that Aloe Vera is one of nature’s most amazing gifts! Scientists have even studied plants as a way of providing cleaner air in space stations. They consider Aloe Vera as one of the top plants on earth for improving indoor air quality. 27．Growing Aloe Vera can help ________. A．kill insects B．clean the air C．reduce pressure D．warm the house 28．Paragraph 4 is mainly about ________. A．what plants to choose B．why people grow cactuses C．how to take care of Aloe Vera D．where people place houseplants 29．What can we learn from the passage? A．Aloe Vera plants can grow better without warm air and water. B．Many houseplants can help you get better from the illness faster. C．Aloe Vera plants can be used as medicine and made into drink and food. D．It’s the best way to use Aloe Vera plants for providing cleaner air in space stations. 【答案】 27．B 28．C 29．C 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了芦荟植物的种种好处。 27．细节理解题。由第一段“Growing Aloe Vera as a houseplant can improve air quality and help clean the air.”可知，种植芦荟有助于清洁空气。故选B。 28．主旨大意题。通览第四段，尤其是“Like a cactus, Aloe Vera grows well in dry and warm air. Aloe plants require bright light. ... That’s all you need to do to take care of an Aloe plant. ”可知，芦荟在干燥温暖的空气中生长良好，芦荟植物需要明亮的光线，……这就是你所需要做的一切来照顾芦荟植物。故选C。 29．细节理解题。由第二段“Aloe Vera plants can be used as medicine.”和第三段“Apart from medical use, Aloe Vera plants are also popular in food industry.”可知，除了医疗用途之外，芦荟植物在食品工业中也很受欢迎。故选C。 (B) Do you like to keep fit? We all know that moving our bodies is good for us. Exercise benefits heart health, bone health, weight control, and much more. More and more people are taking up activities that improve their fitness. But there is a risk some of us might get obsessed (痴迷) and overdo it. While not getting enough exercise is a big topic for most people, however, for some people fitness has become an obsession as they aim for perfection. And fitness trackers and apps can add to this addiction(成瘾), especially if someone is driven by achievement and perfectionism. And sharing data on social media means exercising becomes public and competitive which could cause problems in someone who is vulnerable (易受伤的). Experts say this can lead to a medical condition called orthorexia nervosa (完美食欲症), it can lead to malnutrition (营养不良) and mental health problems. Too much exercise can also take its toll on someone’s physical health as well. Over exercising can lead to injuries such as stress fractures (疲劳性骨折), and a low immune system (免疫系统). So how much exercise is too much? Research by the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found the ideal pace to jog was about eight kilometres per hour and that it was best to jog no more than three times a week or for 2. 5 hours in total (适度的) jogging is possibly more beneficial than giving up exercising or doing hard jogging. While over-exercising can make problems, the good news is that you can change the effects of over-exercising. “The first thing you can (and should) do is to rest”, a sports and exercise psychologist says, “If you’re still experiencing symptoms (症状), it’s a good idea to check in with your doctor to see if you need to take more time off or if there’s any underlying problem that needs to be checked.” 30．What can lead to people’s addiction to over-exercise according to paragraph 2? A．Their needs for social support. B．Their addiction to fitness apps. C．Their worries over health problems. D．Their strong drive for perfectionism. 31．What does the underlined phrase “take its toll” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Go hand in hand. B．Have a bad effect. C．Go back and forth. D．Play an important role. 32．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．It’s a good idea to jog more than three times a week. B．Sharing data on social media can help you get achievement. C．More and more people like doing over-exercising activities. D．Addiction to ‘healthy’ eating or over-exercise can lead to health problems. 33．What is the passage mainly about? A．The risk of fitness obsession. B．The importance of doing exercise. C．The benefits of moderate jogging. D．The symptoms of over-exercising. 【答案】 30．D 31．B 32．D 33．A 【导语】 本文主要讲述了适度运动对身体健康的好处，但过度运动可能会导致健康问题。 30．细节理解题。根据第二段“While not getting enough exercise is a big topic for most people, however, for some people fitness has become an obsession as they aim for perfection.”可知，他们追求完美主义的强烈动力是导致人们过度运动成瘾。故选D。 31．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Too much exercise can also take its toll on someone’s physical health as well.”可知，过度运动的症状包括腿部骨折和免疫系统低下，推测”“take its toll”应为”有坏影响”，和Have a bad effect on. “对有不良影响”同义。故选B。 32．推理判断题。根据第二段“Experts say this can lead to a medical condition called orthorexia nervosa (完美食欲症), it can lead to malnutrition (营养不良) and mental health problems.”可知，对”健康”饮食上瘾或过度运动会导致健康问题，选项D说法正确，故选D。 33．主旨大意题。根据第一段“But there is a risk some of us might get obsessed (痴迷) and overdo it.”以及最后一段可知，本文讲述了健身痴迷的风险，故选A。 北京市海淀区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) Research shows that there’s actually something people can do to reduce the risk for dementia(痴呆). Just put on a step counter and start checking your steps-walking between 3,800 and 9,800 steps each day helps to cut down dementia risk. The study found that people between the ages of 40 and 79 who took 9,826 steps per day were 50% less likely to develop dementia within seven years. Furthermore, people who walked with “purpose”-—at a pace over 40 steps a minute—were able to cut their risk of dementia by 57% with just 6,315 steps a day. “It is a brisk(轻快的) walking activity, like a power walk,” said Borja Del Pozo Cruz, a researcher in health sciences for University of Cadiz in Spain. The study showed even people who walked 3,800 steps a day at any speed cut their risk of dementia by 25%. “That would be enough, at first, for inactive people,” said Cruz in an email. “In fact, it is a message that doctors could use to make very inactive older adults move—3,800 steps is very doable for many, even those that are less fit,” he added. “Perhaps, more active and fitter people should aim for 10,000, where we see the greatest effects.” But there was an even more interesting result coming out of the study: The largest reduction in dementia risk—62%—was achieved by people who walked at a very brisk speed of 112 steps per minute for 30 minutes a day. Earlier research described 100 steps a minute as a “brisk” level of intensity(强度) in their article Is 112 the New 10,000. Dr. Okonkwo and Dr. Planalp, two researchers on dementia, argued that 112 seemed easier to achieve than 10,000 steps a day, and people looking to reduce their dementia risk focus on their walking speed over their walked distance. The researchers agree this is a very interesting finding, and they note that intensity of stepping matters more than how far people usually walk if they want to stay smart after aging. Technology could be used to follow not only number of steps but also speed. These types of numbers can also be put in common watches, but more research is needed. 25．What can we know from Cruz’s study? A．100 steps a minute is a must for older people. B．Step length matters in reducing dementia risk. C．Inactive people can start with 3,800 steps a day. D．Young people should aim for 10,000 steps a day. 26．Why does the writer mention the article Is 112 the New 10,000? A．To question the effect of a power walk. B．To show the benefits of purposeful walk. C．To prove the importance of walking speed. D．To stress the advantages of walking distance. 27．What is the best title for the passage? A．Walk Wisely and Stay Smart B．Walk Faster or Walk Forever? C．Stay Active and Walk Ahead D．Wear Counters or Watch Others? 【答案】 25．C 26．C 27．A 【导语】 本文主要讲述了可以做一些事情来降低痴呆症的风险。 25．细节理解题。根据第三段“In fact, it is a message that doctors could use to make very inactive older adults move—3,800 steps is very doable for many, even those that are less fit”可知，不活跃的人一天可以走3800步。故选C。 26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“argued that 112 seemed easier to achieve than 10,000 steps a day, and people looking to reduce their dementia risk focus on their walking speed over their walked distance.”可知，提文章是为了证明步行速度的重要性。故选C。 27．最佳标题题。根据“Research shows that there’s actually something people can do to reduce the risk for dementia(痴呆).”及全文可知本文主要讲述了降低痴呆症的风险的做法。A选项“明智地行走，保持智慧”最符合，故选A。 (B) In a recent study in the U. S. and U. K., Van Tilburg and his team asked people through online surveys to describe the characteristics of a boring person according to someone they knew. Being dull and quiet, having no interests, no opinions and lacking（缺乏）a sense of humor are often mentioned. The researchers then followed up with additional surveys. The results clearly suggest that being considered boring is a negative（负面的）personality characteristic, and is often tied to introversion（内向）. So why are introverts sometimes seen as boring? Maybe because quiet people value their privacy and avoid sharing their everyday life. Their behavior is the opposite of the preference in a culture towards extroversion（外向）. This preference leads to a fixed idea that “quiet” means “boring”, and it reflects a push toward uncontrolled extroversion—just think about people crazily posting nearly everything on social media of their life and activities to attract attention. Another research argued that it might be problematic to overvalue extroversion as more socially preferred than introversion. This wrong idea might start from teenage years when we think having the most friends and being the best-liked means being popular. This type of everyone-agreed popularity may make quiet people see their lack of extroversion as a deficit. In fact, introverts tend to have the “quiet ego（自我）”, which allows them to have the ability to put themselves in other people’s shoes and understand situations from a bigger picture. According to researchers Bauer and Wayment, the quiet ego is a way of explaining the self that goes beyond being “self-centered” by considering both self and others. The quiet ego helps introverts to balance self-focused values, like power and achievement, and other-focused values, such as kindness and care for others. Balancing both values can lead to psychological well-being and life satisfaction. Generalizing introverted people with negative characteristics is false and harmful because introversion can carry many positive influences. In fact, an introverted style can be a strength. This is because introverts are likely to be truer to themselves than extroverts. Moreover, accepting their introversion as a benefit would in turn improve their sense of happiness. There can be a joy to being “boring” that can go along with a quiet, introverted personality. 28．Introverted people are often seen as boring because ________. A．they have no interest in pleasing others B．they refuse to express their ideas in public C．their sense of humor is often difficult to get D．their behavior goes against cultural preference 29．The word “deficit” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”. A．mistake B．weakness C．symbol D．talent 30．The writer would probably agree that ________. A．extroversion is more socially beneficial B．introversion usually leads to unhappiness C．being extroverted makes people truer to others D．introverted people are likely to get life satisfaction 31．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To correct a false idea about introversion. B．To discuss different causes of introversion. C．To explain why introverted people are quieter. D．To compare self-focused and other-focused values. 【答案】 28．D 29．B 30．D 31．A 【导语】 本文主要纠正关于内向的错误观念。 28．细节理解题。根据第三段“Their behavior is the opposite of the preference in a culture towards extroversion（外向）.”可知，内向的人通常被认为是无聊的，因为他们的行为违背了文化偏好。故选D。 29．词义猜测题。根据第三段“This type of everyone-agreed popularity may make quiet people see their lack of extroversion as a deficit.”可知，不受欢迎属于缺点，其他选项不符合句意，故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据第五段“Balancing both values can lead to psychological well-being and life satisfaction.”可知内向的人很可能得到生活的满足。故选D。 31．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Generalizing introverted people with negative characteristics is false and harmful ... go along with a quiet, introverted personality.”可知，作者觉得内向没有问题，要纠正关于内向的错误观念。故选A。 北京市东城区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) When we try something new, we often think that feeling uncomfortable means we’re in a situation that’s too hard to deal with. Embracing (接受) these feelings of stress and nervousness as a part of learning instead of heading back could help encourage personal growth, suggests a new study. In the study, over 2,100 people took part in some personal growth activities, such as taking improv (即兴表演) classes or expressive writing classes. In each activity, researchers told some people that their goal was to feel uncomfortable, nervous, or even upset. They were told that feeling uncomfortable was a sign that the activity was working. Other people weren’t told to embrace discomfort; instead, they simply paid attention to learning something or how they were developing their skills. Finally, the researchers found that the people who were told to try to feel uncomfortable were more involved in their activities, felt more encouraged to keep doing them, and reported a greater sense of achievement compared to those who weren’t told to experience discomfort. For example, some improv students spent more time on stage, and some writers were more interested in using expressive writing in their diaries. “Growing is often uncomfortable. People always see the discomfort that comes with growth as a sign that there’s a problem. However, we should consider it as a sign of progress instead of avoiding it,” say the researchers. If we learn to be comfortable with discomfort, we will grow stronger and make progress. The first step is to view discomfort differently. Look at discomfort as a sign that we are improving our lives and experiencing growth. Then do instead of thinking. Rather than think about how difficult or uncomfortable a task might be, just do it. Whatever we do, try to go a little past that point when we start feeling like we want to give up or when we are uncomfortable and want to take a break: run one more minute or kilometer than last time or write one more paragraph. No pain, no gain (收获). It’s true! When we push ourselves to grow, we will experience discomfort, but it will be worth it. 27．What can we learn from the study mentioned in the passage? A．Experiencing little discomfort leads to great success. B．The attitude towards discomfort influences personal growth. C．The feeling of discomfort encourages people to try new things. D．Paying attention to what you’re learning weakens your discomfort. 28．What’s Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．The ways to manage discomfort. B．The suggestions to avoid discomfort. C．The benefits of embracing discomfort. D．The reasons to view discomfort differently. 29．Which of the following does the writer probably support? A．I try to speak in public although it makes me nervous. B．I start swimming when I find running is a bit challenging. C．I keep quiet in class because I’m afraid to answer questions. D．I don’t like singing before strangers, so I always sing to myself. 【答案】 27．B 28．A 29．A 【导语】 文章主要说明不适的态度会影响人的成长，并且对解决问题提出了建议。 27．细节理解题。根据“Embracing (接受) these feelings of stress and nervousness as a part of learning instead of heading back could help encourage personal growth, suggests a new study.”可知，不适的态度会影响人的成长。故选B 28．推理判断题。根据“If we learn to be comfortable with discomfort, we will grow stronger and make progress. The first step is to view discomfort differently. Look at discomfort as a sign that we are improving our lives and experiencing growth. Then do instead of thinking.”可知，本段主要介绍了解决不适的方式方法。故选A 29．细节理解题。根据“Rather than think about how difficult or uncomfortable a task might be, just do it. Whatever we do, try to go a little past that point when we start feeling like we want to give up or when we are uncomfortable and want to take a break: run one more minute or kilometer than last time or write one more paragraph.”可知，作者认为克服不适应该面对它并且去做。选项A“我尽量在公共场合讲话，尽管这让我很紧张。”符合。故选A (B) Having too many friends doesn’t sound like the kind of thing anyone should really worry about. After all, what can be wrong with having a wider group of people to hang out with? According to the latest survey, the average (平均) number of friends people have on social media (社交媒体) is between 300 and 500. Research suggests that this number is actually higher for teenagers. Is it possible to maintain meaningful relationships with so many people, especially those you may never meet in person? We are just one click away from making new friends on social media. This has led some people to question how honest the friendship is. For example, when I see that a friend has posted photos from his latest holiday on social media, I’d typically reply with a comment (评论) like “Wow, looks great!” even though it doesn’t. The unwritten agreement is that the next time I post, that friend will reply similarly, so I’ll feel better about myself. Not long ago, I met someone who loved music as much as I did at a concert. We got along pretty well that evening, although the music was so loud! We even added each other on social media. Now, I see her photos on social media, and I “like” her photos, but I’m pretty certain that we’ll never meet up in real life. It could be argued that this is just another example of how life has changed in recent years. We live in a time when we expect things to happen right away, so is it really all that surprising that the way we form friendships has changed? Perhaps it shows how social media has made friendships less honest, turning them into meaningless “adds” and “likes”. Real friendships, on the other hand, take time to build. My most important relationships haven’t grown out of a few unimportant online conversations. It’s taken years of shared experiences to develop strong and lasting relationships. And these for me and I believe for most other people too are much more valuable and meaningful. It’s something that cannot be replicated on social media. No matter how many times you have “liked” a person’s posts, you cannot get the same result. It has been said that technology is destroying our relationships with other people. I wouldn’t go so far as to say that. However, it seems that it has changed the way that we manage our friendships. But in the end, it’s up to us to decide how real and meaningful those friendships are. 30．What can we learn about making friends on social media? A．People often share their real feelings with online friends. B．Teenagers are more likely to meet online friends in person. C．Communicating online is the first step to making real friends. D．People always expect good comments on their posts from friends. 31．Why does the writer mention the experience of making a friend in Paragraph 4? A．To suggest an easy way of making friends. B．To explain why people make friends on social media. C．To stress the importance of making friends in real life. D．To show how technology has changed the way of making friends. 32．The word “replicated” in Paragraph 6 probably means _______ A．shared B．learned C．copied D．tested 33．The writer probably agrees that ________ A．it’s necessary to be honest with online friends B．having more online friends makes people feel better C．social media helps strengthen relationships between people D．true friendships require company and honest communication 【答案】 30．D 31．D 32．C 33．D 【导语】 本文主要讲述了网上交友的利与弊。作者认为建立牢固持久的关系需要多年的共同经历。但是最终，这些友谊有多真实，有多有意义，取决于我们自己。 30．细节理解题。根据“The unwritten agreement is that the next time I post, that friend will reply similarly, so I’ll feel better about myself.”以及生活常识可知，关于在社交媒体上交朋友，我们能学到人们总是希望自己的帖子能得到朋友的好评。故选D。 31．细节理解题。根据“Not long ago, I met someone who loved music as much as I did at a concert. We got along pretty well that evening, although the music was so loud! We even added each other on social media. Now, I see her photos on social media, and I ‘like’ her photos, but I’m pretty certain that we’ll never meet up in real life.”可知，作者在第四段中提到交朋友的经历是为了展示科技如何改变交友的方式。故选D。 32．词义猜测题。根据“It’s something that cannot be replicated on social media.”可知，这是社交媒体上无法复制的东西。划线单词“replicated”的意思是“复制”。“copied”与其意思一致。故选C。 33．推理判断题。根据“Real friendships, on the other hand, take time to build. My most important relationships haven’t grown out of a few unimportant online conversations. It’s taken years of shared experiences to develop strong and lasting relationships.”可知，本文主要讲述了网上交友的利与弊。作者认为建立牢固持久的关系需要多年的共同经历。但是最终，这些友谊有多真实，有多有意义，取决于我们自己。因此作者可能同意真正的友谊需要陪伴和诚实的交流。故选D。 北京市西城区2022-2023学年九年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 (A) There has never been a common language in history, so we remain divided by language barriers（障碍）. But in every language, there’s something that we share — the understanding and use of names. The practice of giving someone a name is so natural that we almost never think about what it means. Only in recent years has the journey begun to understand how powerful names truly are. It’s commonly understood that you're not really “allowed” to give yourself a name — it must be given to you by someone else. That tells us our first thing about names—they’re not solitary (孤立的). One might think your name is your business, but in reality, it influences everyone around you. That’s not to say others have control over your name, but names are, in and of themselves, a symbol of one’s relationship to others around them. Take my name, for example:Brianna. That’s what’s on my ID card. But if I go to class, I might be “Miss Lindsey”. If I go to the library, I might be called “Bri” by my classmates. If I go home, I’m everything from “Bama Lama” to “Clown”. Are these my names? Yes and no. The point of this argument is that names are not meaningless sounds. Names express the spirit of who we think we are. If you always had to answer to the nickname（绰号）“Chatterbox”, it might be funny at first, but time would wear down the humor, and you would begin to connect yourself with the meaning of that name. Moreover, we live in a world where impression is king. How we feel is directly influenced by others’ impressions of us, and names are one of the most powerful ways through which we understand their impressions of us. So, whether it’s a birth name, a chosen name, or a nickname, there’s always more to what you’re called than is on the surface. Birth names are gifts, titles are agreements, nicknames are often inside jokes. We are composed of thousands of stories, and names are how we express those connections to everyone. We often hear the phrase “what’s in a name” thrown around to show how little the effect what we call something has, but the truth is: What’s in a name? Everything. 27．What can we learn from the passage? ________ A．Names can hardly shape our character. B．Names show who we are in others’ eyes. C．Names on people’s ID cards aren’t actually useful. D．Names are creative expressions chosen by oneself. 28．If a girl often answers to the nickname Walking Dictionary, she might ________. A．begin to believe she has a large vocabulary B．think good learning depends on great dictionaries C．realize having a nickname improves her sense of humor D．agree having a large vocabulary matters most in a relationship 29．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?________ A．What is really in a name? B．How to use a name properly? C．How to give a meaningful name? D．Why do we need a powerful name? 【答案】 27．B 28．A 29．A 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。讲述了在每一种语言中，我们都有一些共同的东西——对名字的理解和使用。详细地介绍了名字的真正威力。 27．细节理解题。根据“That’s not to say others have control over your name, but names are, in and of themselves, a symbol of one’s relationship to others around them. ”和“How we feel is directly influenced by others’impressions of us,and names are one of the most powerful ways through which we understand their impressions of us.”可知， 名字本身就是一个人与周围人关系的象征,也是我们了解他人对我们印象的最有力的方式之一，所以名字表明了我们在别人眼里是谁。故选B。 28．推理判断题。根据“Names express the spirit of who we think we are. If you always had to answer to the nickname（绰号）"Chatterbox", it might be funny at first, but time would wear down the humor, and you would begin to connect yourself with the meaning of that name.” 可知，如果一个女孩经常被称为“活字典”，她可能会开始相信自己的词汇量很大。故选A。 29．最佳标题题。根据“Only in recent years has the journey begun to understand how powerful names truly are.”可知，文章说的是我们的名字的真正内涵。故选A。 (B) Avoid conflicts with I-statements It’s easy to point fingers when in a heated conversation. Wouldn’t it be great to change the direction of it and avoid conflicts（冲突）with one word? It’s possible. Conflicts often start and become worse by our choice of words. Words like “You are so…” or “How could you…?” start conversations on a bad note. Instead, start with an “I” and center on your thoughts and feelings about the matter. Dr. Thomas Gordon coined the term I-message in the 1960s. I-message also known as I-statement is a form of sentence meant for expressing your thoughts without criticizing others. I-statements enable you to express your opinion without using upsetting language. For example, “I forgot to ask you for directions after you invited me to come,” is better than “You invited me so you should’ve given me the directions.” In this way, you avoid getting into an argument with others or directly pointing out the other person’s mistake. Also, you carefully make them realize what’s going on, showing them how the situation makes you feel. Doing so clears up things, and you can finally have a meaningful, two-way conversation. I-statements are useful in any conversation when you want to tell your side of the story in a more agreeable and reasonable way. Using an I-statement can also lead to necessary changes and even add warmth to your relationships. Strangers you come across will find you pleasant and considerate. You and your friends will continue to build trust in each other. Yet not all statements（陈述）that begin with “I”are effective in avoiding conflicts. For example, “I feel like you’re responsible for this,” is as upsetting as “You’re wrong.” Thomas Gordon also said that to successfully use an I-statement, your words should match your tone（语调）, facial expressions, body language, and how you feel. What’s more, an I-statement also has its drawbacks. The repeated use of  “I” can make you appear self-centered, especially in some cultures. Some may even think you’re weak and unable to understand opinions that aren’t yours. You have to be careful not to use the I-statement in a manner that destroys your effort to politely voice your real intention（意图）. All in all, correctly using the I-statement in conversations is a good way to avoid misunderstandings. By addressing a matter with vulnerability instead of immediately holding the other person responsible, you can keep respect and trust in your relationships. Whether it involves a classmate or a family member, expressing yourself well is key. Practice using I-statements effectively and you’ll be amazed how something so simple can make a huge difference in your social life. 30．When you use an I-statement in a conversation, you ________. A．calmly point fingers without voicing your opinion B．directly get into an argument with the other person C．unknowingly change your thoughts about the matter D．carefully express yourself to avoid misunderstandings 31．According to the passage, which of these statements would help you avoid conflicts? ________ A．You should book a table earlier. B．You never allow me to do anything fun. C．I get nervous when you raise your voice. D．I think you always make decisions without me. 32．The word “vulnerability” in the last paragraph probably means “ ________ ”. A．great eagerness to be right B．readiness to give up C．willingness to examine yourself D．a shortage of confidence 33．The writer would probably agree that ________. A．I-statements show one’s inability to understand others B．I-statements should be avoided in order not to appear self-centered C．using I-statements can surely result in perfect two-way communication D．using I-statements properly leads to improvements in one’s relationships 【答案】 30．D 31．C 32．C 33．D 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了正确使用I-statement可以改善人际关系。 30．推理判断题。根据“I-statement is a form of sentence meant for expressing your thoughts without criticizing others.”以及“All in all, correctly using the I-statement in conversations is a good way to avoid misunderstandings.”可知，当在谈话中使用I-语句时，可以让你表达自己的观点，从而避免产生误解，故选D。 31．推理判断题。根据“I-statements enable you to express your opinion without using upsetting language.”以及“In this way, you avoid getting into an argument with others or directly pointing out the other person’s mistake.”可知，当在谈话中使用I-语句能避免冲突，所以排除选项A和B；选项D是一种抱怨，容易引起冲突，故选C。 32．词句猜测题。根据“By addressing a matter with vulnerability instead of immediately holding the other person responsible, you can keep respect and trust in your relationships.”可知，通过处理脆弱的问题，而不是立即追究对方的责任，你可以在人际关系中保持尊重和信任。推测此处vulnerability指“问题，弱点”，选项C“愿意审视自己”符合题意，故选C。 33．推理判断题。通读本文以及最后一段可知，作者认为正确使用I-statement可以改善人际关系，选项D“正确使用I-语句可以改善人际关系”符合题意，故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$