专题04 阅读理解 阅读理解说明文&议论文（期末真题好题速递）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期末真题分类汇编（北京专用）

专题04 阅读理解 阅读理解说明文&议论文 北京市海淀区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试题 Can’t stop thinking about the book you finished last week? That means you got a classic book hangover. “Book hangover” isn’t an official term, but the experience is very real. “We get very sad when a book ends,” says Solomon, a psychologist (心理学家). “It is as though we are losing our world and the characters in it.” Making the loss even more painful is the fact that the made-up world is often better than the reality. It may take our brains some time to get used to that. So, what’s behind the book hangover? Well, there are a few factors at play. Basically, you are sad that it’s over. Ending a great book is like completing a fantastic movie or vacation. It’s normal to feel a bit blue that the good times are over. Besides, you’re thrown back to reality. Reading puts you in the driver’s seat. You can put the book down if the story makes you upset or pick it up again if you want to stay away from real life for a few minutes. Losing this control might make you feel lost and upset. Moreover, you’re emotionally (情感上) spent. Feeling what the characters feel makes reading wonderful. But it can use up your emotion. As a result, when the book ends and the characters are no longer there to activate your mind and heart, you may feel empty and tired. Then how do you get over a book hangover? Here is some smart advice. First, pick up a new book. Many book lovers say picking up a new book is their favorite cure (治疗) for a book hangover. “I always have another unread book ready to read to cure that previous book hangover,” says Ferguson, a book lover. Second, reread your favorite parts. If you love a story so much that you can’t let it go, why not enjoy yourself by revisiting those beloved characters and worlds? Third, retell the story with a friend. “I like to discuss the book with another reader. I like to hear their views,” says Scott, another book lover. Research shows that reading stimulates (刺激) the brain’s pleasure centers and friendship developed through books also makes us happier. Connecting a love of reading with friendship will help you feel better during a book hangover. 31．Which of the following shows you may experience a book hangover? A．You feel sad after you finish reading a book you love. B．You know how the characters feel about their life events. C．You realize the reality is better than the world in the book. D．You understand what the writers want to show through books. 32．To get over the book hangover, we can ________. A．read the whole book again and again B．share the story in the book with friends C．write down our feelings about the book D．read at least two books at the same time 33．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How useful reading is and what to do to enjoy it. B．What a book hangover is and ways to deal with it. C．Why a book hangover is helpful for the book lovers. D．When people can get out of troubles through reading. （D） Why do kids make seemingly “careless” mistakes? While grown-ups may think it’s simply a matter of not listening, sometimes it’s about a failure of metacognition (元认知). Metacognition is to understand your own thinking process. It’s when you’re aware (意识到) of your own thoughts and how you learn and solve problems. It helps you realize what you’re doing, make a plan and change your plan if needed to complete hard tasks! Alicia Forsberg, a professor at the University of Sheffield, said, “Metacognition is a skill that plays an important part in learning different types of materials in many subjects.” For children, learning how to use metacognition can improve their school grades. Meanwhile, a failure of metacognition might lead to careless mistakes. Forsberg points out an important part of metacognition called meta-memory. It is the awareness of and control we have over what we remember and what we’ve forgotten. The problem for children is that they may not realize they have forgotten something. For example, a child who fails to complete a task may have forgotten the instruction (指示), and not realize it has been forgotten. Children believe that if they don’t remember seeing something, it was never there at all. However, grown-ups know forgetting happens quite often. The good news is that there are things teachers and parents can do to help. Forsberg suggests asking children what they remember about the instructions for a given task. Even if they think the instructions are easy to remember, they may still have forgotten something, so double-checking is always a good idea. Besides, making children describe what they learned in a lesson can help them realize not everything has been kept in their memory. When children develop a better awareness of their own memory skills, they can use that information to tailor their learning. That understanding might encourage students to pause (暂停) and re-watch a video they are learning from, or to look back at their notes. Children differ in their metacognitive skills, so some might need to go back and look at what they may have forgotten more often. Metacognition is like having a smart helper in your brain, which makes learning easier. If children understand their own thinking skills, they should be able to help themselves learn more effectively and avoid those seemingly “careless” mistakes. 34．According to the passage, why might children make careless mistakes? A．Because they have too many materials to learn. B．Because they are not listening carefully in class. C．Because they fail to realize they have forgotten something. D．Because they dislike most of the subjects they are learning. 35．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．News about teachers and students. B．Ideas for remembering instructions. C．Advice on understanding new lessons. D．Ways of developing kids’ metacognition. 36．The words “tailor their learning” in Paragraph 6 probably mean “________”. A．play an active part in groups B．push them to study harder C．deal with the learning pressure D．find suitable ways of learning 37．The writer probably agrees that metacognition ________. A．guides kids to follow the school rules easily B．aims to draw kids’ attention to their strong points C．helps kids have a better control over their learning D．encourages kids to take a break away from school 北京市东城区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 （A） There are many aspects (方面) to language learning, such as how to say words, which words to choose, and what form of words to use. All of these aspects together can make learning a foreign language very difficult. But there are some points that might make it easier, and more fun. First, don’t worry too much about pronouncing words the wrong way. Pronunciation is important, of course. It helps the listener to understand what is said more clearly. However, the most important step in learning a new language is to practice speaking it. Like learning any new skill (技能), practice makes perfect. And when you practice speaking the new language, the native speaker (说本族语的人) usually thinks highly of your hard work and is ready to help improve your pronunciation. Second, don’t be afraid to guess the meaning of what someone says. There will be a lot of words to learn while studying a foreign language. In fact, there are tens of thousands of different words in English. And a word may have more than one meaning. The same goes with any other language. It is impossible to know all the words and all the meanings. Use clues (提示) to guess the meaning of what others say. When meeting a person that says “Hola” and waves his or her hand, one might guess that the person is giving a greeting. It is not important at that moment to know the exact meaning. With more practice of guessing the meaning of new words, your vocabulary will increase. Third, don’t lose hope. Learning a new language always takes time. Many will give up learning because learning all of the rules of another language is too hard or boring. Some may think that other people will make fun of them for making mistakes. But it’s OK to make mistakes. Nobody is perfect, after all. Don’t give up and keep trying. In the end, learning a new language can be difficult, but remember that it can have great benefits (益处). Learning a new language doesn’t just mean the ability to speak in that different language. It can also include making new friends, experiencing new adventures in a different culture, and tasting new foods! 23．What can we learn from the passage? A．English has more words than any other language. B．Native speakers think highly of perfect pronunciation. C．Guessing the meaning of new words is an important skill. D．Learning grammar rules is easier than learning pronunciation. 24．The writer suggests a foreign language learner should __________. A．go to a foreign country to learn it B．feel relaxed about making mistakes C．remember as many words as possible D．find interesting ways to learn the rules 25．What is the passage mainly about? A．Advice for learning a foreign language. B．Reasons for learning a foreign language. C．Difficulties in learning a foreign language. D．Advantages of learning a foreign language. (B) It’s Good to Ask for Help Part of growing up is learning how to work things out for yourself. However, you don’t have to struggle alone all the time. Learning how to ask others to lend a hand is also an important life skill. When you might need help There are lots of reasons why you could need help, for example, with schoolwork, learning a new skill, or when you feel sad, worried or angry. When you find something difficult, or it takes a long time to make progress (进步), you may feel frustrated. This can also make you feel like you can’t do it. These are all signs (征兆) that you need help. Asking for help will move you forward more quickly than trying on your own. __ Asking for help isn’t always easy. You might feel red-faced that you need help, or you think asking for a helping hand is a sign of weakness. These thoughts make it hard for you to turn to another person. Angela McMillan, a counsellor (顾问) who advises young people, says asking for help can also feel risky, especially when you are not sure who to ask. “You might feel afraid that they don’t have time, or they won’t take your problem seriously.” Asking for help is brave Everyone finds things difficult sometimes—you’re not the only one. McMillan believes asking for help is an act of bravery. “Letting someone in, believing in them and asking them to listen to you and help you solve a problem takes great courage (勇气).” Asking for help is good for you When you ask for help, it makes you less worried, and it usually produces a better result. There are other benefits too. By asking for help, you practice speaking up for yourself and saying what you need. It shows you how someone else might feel when they’re struggling, which means you could be more able to offer a hand when someone needs it. Noah, aged 11, shared his story. “At school our teacher asked us to write a passage in the third person to describe moving to another country. I found this hard and asked my teacher for some adjectives (形容词) to get me started. At the end I thought it was one of my best pieces of work, so I was really pleased that I had asked for help!” 26．The word “frustrated” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________. A．peaceful B．discouraged C．uninterested D．confident 27．Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragraph 3? A．How you can ask for help B．Who you should ask for help C．Why you need to ask for help D．What stops you asking for help 28．The writer probably agrees that _________. A．brave people are less likely to ask for help B．asking for help shows you need to improve your ability C．asking for help can make you more willing to help others D．people should be careful of the risks when asking for help 北京市西城区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 四、阅读理解 （A） Have you heard of a bike bus? It carries a group of children to school in the same way a school bus does, except everyone is on bikes. The “bus driver”—an adult on a bike—guides a slowly moving group along a route (路线) that has already been chosen. Kids and their parents join the group on their own bikes when the group rides by. Bike buses are a way for everyone to bike together for fun, convenience and safety. On busy streets, a big group of five to ten kids is much more visible (明显的) than one or two kids biking alone. Sam Balto is a PE teacher. He leads a bike bus to school. His bus is especially visible because it has hundreds of shouting kids and parents. It stretches out over several blocks (街区). Sam vlogs his bike bus trip. As the parent of two kids, I can’t watch his videos without crying. The bike bus calms my fear that the kids will get hurt on the road. Laughing kids! Outside, in person! Together! So when a friend asked if I would lead a bike bus in our neighborhood, of course I said yes. Using active transportation to go to work and school—whether that’s a biking bus, or even a walking bus—has many advantages. Yes, people are healthier and happier when they’re more active, but reducing the number of cars around a school can also reduce heavy traffic and air pollution. I was shocked by what starting or driving a bike bus meant to different people. For Luke Bornheimer, the leader of the San Francisco Bike Bus, it’s amazing to see children take care of themselves. “Kids are really smart and strong.” Bornheimer says. “They get how to ride responsibly (负责任地) and have fun. We’re just giving them that chance.” For me, the bike bus was the start of rejoining my community. My kids love the bike bus, but we parents might love it even more. We talk about everything, from the bike bus to other topics, such as planning neighborhood roller skating meetups and party nights. I do accept that getting more kids to safely bike and walk in more places will take a lot more work than parents just trying to get their kids to school every day. But our efforts are a start. We live on a planet that has many environmental problems. Maybe the best way to remind ourselves that we and the Earth are worth (值得的) protecting is by moving through it, not in cars, but with fresh air on our faces and the sounds of kids’ laughter echoing in our ears. 27．According to the passage, a bike bus is __________. A．a special bus that parents take to go to their workplace B．a school bus with parents riding bikes as guides in front C．a fun game for children as they’re on their way to school D．a way for children to ride to school with a “driver” on a bike 28．Why did the writer want to lead a bike bus? A．She couldn’t stand her kids shouting. B．She decided to do something for the school. C．She liked how it kept children safe on the road. D．She thought cycling was a popular outdoor activity. 29．What can we learn from the passage? A．The writer is the leader of her neighborhood activities. B．Different people started the bike bus in different ways. C．Bike buses offer kids chances to be responsible on the road. D．The writer started riding a bike because of the heavy traffic. 30．What is the writer’s purpose of writing the passage? A．To introduce the good and bad points of active transportation. B．To invite some experienced bus drivers to be bike bus leaders. C．To advise the local government to offer more public services for kids. D．To ask people to help kids and the environment by starting bike buses. 北京市朝阳区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 Do you have a fear (恐惧) of public speaking? Do you ever get nervous when speaking in front of a group of people? I remember I used to be deathly afraid of public speaking. My legs would get weak as I made my way in front of the audience. My mouth would tremble (发抖) as I would begin to say the first few words. I would avoid eye contact (避免眼神接触) unless I find someone with a smiling face, there is a way to overcome a fear of public speaking. Understand the cause of the fear Find out why it’s a fear in the first place. The main reason is the fear of being embarrassed (窘迫的). Most of you are afraid of being laughed at, doing anything foolish or having the audience judge (判断) you. When there are other people who might judge you or think badly of you, this causes you to get nervous. Change your mindset (心态) Try not to think about yourself and what the audience might think of you. Instead, think about the audience and how you can best deliver (传递) your message across. Then, you will be able to get over this fear. Practice It’s best to practice in front of a supporting (支持的) group of people. This will not only make public speaking easier but also help you gain confidence. The more you practice it, the easier it will get. The way I was able to get over my fear of speaking came in two periods (时期). The first period was in high school. I entered the speech class, and all I wanted was to get passed. I didn’t care about winning. Even when I forgot what to say, I didn’t get nervous. The next period was during my job as a trainer. My job was to motivate (激励) people. So gradually, my focus went from thinking about myself to not caring about that, and finally to thinking about my audience. In the two periods, my mindset changed from the mindset of fear to the mindset of power. So overcoming a fear of public speaking comes down to having the right mindset and practice. 25．What can we learn about the writer from the passage? A．He used to have a fear of public speaking. B．He now works as a trainer in high school. C．He still finds it hard to make a public speech. D．He got over his fear of speaking with his parents’ help. 26．Which of the following could be helpful to overcome a fear of public speaking? A．Try to think about how to avoid eye contact. B．Find out why the audience laugh at you or judge you. C．Think more about yourself when you make a public speech. D．Remember to practice in front of a group of supporting people. 27．The writer wants to tell us _______. A．how harmful a fear of public speaking is B．what causes a fear of public speaking C．how to overcome a fear of public speaking D．why we should overcome a fear of public speaking 北京市大兴区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 （A） A woman came out of her house and saw three old men sitting in her front yard. She did not know them. She said, “I don’t think I know you, but you must be hungry. Please come in and have something to eat.” “Is the man of the house at home?” they asked. “No, he’s out.” she said. “Then we cannot come in,” they answered. In the evening when her husband came home, she told him what had happened. “Go and tell them I am home and invite them in!” The woman went out and invited the men in. “We do not go into a house together,” they said. “Why is that?” she asked. One of the old men explained, “His name is Wealth,” pointing to one of his friends. Then he said pointing to another one, “He is Success, and I am Love.” Then he added, “Now go in and discuss with your husband which one of us you want in your home.” The woman went in and told her husband what they said. Her husband was overjoyed. “How nice!” he said. “Since that is the case, let us invite Wealth. Let him come in and fill our home with money!” His wife disagreed. “My dear, why don’t we invite Success?” Their daughter-in-law was listening from the other corner of the house. She jumped in with her own suggestion, “Would it not be better to invite Love? Our home will then be filled with love!” “Let us follow our daughter-in-law's advice,” said the husband to his wife. “Go out and invite Love to be our guest.” The woman went out and asked the three old men, “Which one of you is Love? Please come in and be our guest.” Love got up and started walking toward the house. The other two also got up and followed him. Surprised, the lady asked Wealth and Success, “I only invited Love. Why are you coming in?” The old men replied together, “If you had invited Wealth or Success, the other two of us would stay out, but since you invited Love, wherever he goes, we go with him. Wherever there is Love, there is also Wealth and Success!” 24．Why didn’t the three men come into the house at first? A．Because they weren’t hungry. B．Because they didn’t know the woman. C．Because the woman didn’t invite them. D．Because the man of the house wasn’t in. 25．________ wanted to invite Success. A．The son B．The wife C．The husband D．The daughter-in-law 26．What does the story tell us? A．East or west, home is the best. B．The best decision is to have no decision. C．Sharing a problem is like cutting it in half. D．Wherever there is Love, there is also Wealth and Success. （B） Do you know that there’s a possibility that you may live forever? You will have computers which are 1,000 times more intelligent than Albert Einstein, one of the smartest scientists ever in the world? Yes! All these may happen in 20 years or more. In the next 20 or 30 years, the world will change much faster than ever before because the change of science and technology will be simply breath-taking. Computers will take human personalities, as well as the ability to understand words and their meanings when you speak to them. Tomorrow’s computer will be so developed that it can have a face-to-face chat with you like an old friend. In fact, you don’t even have to speak to it. Just like a friend, the computer will also have the ability to understand your thoughts. However, will computers take over the world? Probably not, for people will also get superhuman abilities. They may never die. “Unless a person is unlucky enough to die early from an accident or a disease, he has a good chance of not dying at all. Genetics (基因学) will make this possible.” says Pearson, a British futurologist as well as a trained physicist. Recently there have been many reports about discovering the code of the human genome, which decides many facts of heredity (遗传). This finding will make it possible to repair damage (修复损伤) caused by age and disease, keeping people young forever. Besides, if people suddenly die, it would be possible to recreate them with the help of the genetics. So we have the reason to believe, with the development of genetic engineering and computer science technology, human beings will have superhuman abilities and the possibility of being young and alive forever. While at the same time, computers will be much more intelligent than we can magine. Then who will control (控制) the world? 27．The writer talks of Albert Einstein to make it clear that ________. A．Albert Einstein was the smartest B．computers will be very intelligent C．computers will be intelligent scientists D．Albert Einstein couldn’t use computers 28．The second paragraph mainly tells us that computers will ________ in the future. A．take place of your friends in life B．become the master of the world C．understand us human better D．control your thoughts completely 29．What is the passage mainly about? A．Computers will control the world soon. B．Tomorrow’s computer will be as smart as Einstein. C．How people discovered the code of the human genome. D．Science and technology will change the world in the future. （C） From the fall of 2022, primary schools started to have labor education (劳动教育). Every week, students would have at least one class to learn about cooking, raising animals, repairing home appliances (家电) and more. Now, in many primary schools, students have cooking classes. Of course, it has been discussed by teachers and parents. Some think that it is a useful skill for students, while others think it's a waste of time, some even think it's just a show. But do they really understand cooking? It's been said that good cooking is an art form. The truth is that it's much more than that. When talking about different foods from all around the world, or cultures and histories of dishes, students are connected to the world and learning history and culture in a new field. When learning cooking, students measure (称量) materials from time to time, or find oil and water don’t usually mix. Students are also learning maths and science in practice. The importance of failures in making food is as much as successes. Li Mei, 11, was crazy about the yummy cakes made by her father and wanted to make one on her own. But when taking her cake out, she was frustrated (沮丧的) to find that the cake was hard and black at the bottom. Her father told her when he was 13, he tried to make cakes, but wasted boxes of eggs. Then together with her father, Li Mei found out what had gone wrong and succeeded in making one. Li Mei learned in the failure of cooking, and could be braver to face failures. Apart from the practical skills, cooking builds character. It encourages kids to work with others. It also encourages them to be open to foods they might not have tried. Though being good to our health, carrots were hated by 12-year-old Xiao Lei. But he started to love them after he made a salad with them. By cooking students put down their phones and work together with family members in the kitchen. By cooking, students form the habit of doing labor work. As a part of labor education, cooking is a way to teach kids some vital skills for 21st century, such as creativity, teamwork and so on. If these skills aren't taught to today's students, they might hardly survive (存活) in the future. 30．The first paragraph is to ________. A．lead in the topic of cooking B．question the meaning of cooking C．explain the courses in primary school D．discuss the problems between teachers and parents 31．The example of Li Mei tells us that ________. A．cooking can help people avoid failure B．there is no failure without success C．failure is as important as success D．cooking can make people braver 32．What does the underlined word “vital” in the last paragraph mean? A．Necessary B．Difficult C．Creative D．Simple 33．Which of the following is the best title? A．Cooking—a Waste of Time B．Cooking—an Art Show C．Cooking—More Than a Skill D．Cooking—a Way to Make a Living 北京市石景山区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 （A） In ancient (古代的) times, people tried to explain the world based on what they saw. People saw that the sun came up from one side of the earth and went down on the other side. So they believed that the sun traveled around the earth. Going directly from observation (观察) to conclusion (结论) is called non-scientific thinking. Here is an example of non-scientific thinking. Maybe you had a stomachache, and ate some chocolates. An hour later, you felt much better. You might think that it was the chocolates that made you feel better. But there are other possible explanations. Maybe you had taken some medicine an hour earlier, and it took a while to work. Maybe enough time had passed, and you would have felt better without eating the chocolates. While the scientific method is a way of thinking that helps you to avoid drawing wrong conclusions. It helps you to avoid no-scientific thinking. It reminds you to take your first conclusion as one of several possible conclusions. It also reminds you to find evidence (证据) to support your conclusion. The five steps in the scientific method begin by questioning an observation, and end with a conclusion that is based on evidence. Step 1 is to ask a question about your observation, such as, “What makes a stomachache feel better?” Step 2 is to state a possible answer to the question, such as, “Chocolates make a sick stomach feel better.” Step 3 is to test. You could wait until you have a stomachache again, eat some chocolates, and see what happens. You could ask a lot of people if eating chocolates had ever made a stomachache feel better. Step 4 is to think about the findings—think about what happened when you made tests. Step 5 is to draw a conclusion—and share it with others. 27．Why does the writer use the example of the sun and the earth in Paragraph 1? A．To show what non-scientific thinking is like. B．To prove that the sun travels around the earth. C．To help people explain the world around them. D．To tell us people in ancient times were clever. 28．What do you know about the steps in scientific thinking? A．Many findings are from what you see. B．Conclusions usually come from testing. C．Interviewing is a quick way to get answers. D．Questions are more important than answers. 29．What is the passage mainly about? A．The reasons why scientific thinking is more popular. B．The possible explanations for non-scientific thinking. C．The differences between scientific and non-scientific thinking. D．The conclusions made by scientific and non-scientific thinking. （B） Teens (青少年) will have a duty on caring for the environment. However, according to a new study, teens’ low interest in nature may be something we should worry about. The study finds that teenagers’ interest in nature wanes. Researchers asked 1,269 students, ages 8 to 14, to take part in an online survey across four weeks in March 2017. The questions were designed to help researchers tell how much the kids’ interest is in nature. The findings show that for children ages 8 to 11, one out of two felt very close to nature. However, in the older age group, only one in five felt the same closeness. How did this happen? Natural reasons, such as the beginning of puberty (青春期) and hormonal changes, could lad to teens’ changing interests. Experts note other reasons could include teens’ activities, such as spots and spending time with friends, which could take more of teens’ attention. And of course, computers and technology also take their attention. The effects (影响) of nature on our health are too many to be told. The findings said that spending time in parks, forests and other green spaces as a child lowered the risk (降低风险) of developing a number of heath problems. Kids’ interest in nature is not just good for themselves, but to others, and the world as a whole. So it is important to help kids keep an interest in nature. There are many ways that parents can play a part. You can encourage kids to spend time outdoors doing fun activities or visit places that focus on the beauty of nature. You can also set an example for your teens. Recycling and volunteering to help clean up the community show that you are interested in protecting the environment, and that will influence (影响) teens as well. 30．What does the underlined word “wanes” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Goes up. B．Gets larger. C．Stays fixed. D．Becomes weaker. 31．What can you learn from Paragraph 3? A．Computers take most of teens’ attention. B．Teens spend too much time doing sports. C．Natural reasons could change teens’ interest in nature. D．Teens’ activities are the main reason for their problems. 32．Paragraph 4 mainly talks about ________. A．the ideas about nature protection B．the effects of nature on the world C．what places are important for health D．why kids’ interest in nature is helpful 33．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To tell kids some ways to solve natural problems. B．To advise parents to help teens keep an interest in nature. C．To ask teachers to help students protect the environment. D．To encourage children to learn more about the environment. 北京市延庆区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试题 3、 阅读理解 （A） Turn this book upside down and hold it up to a mirror. Now try to read the words. With the letters reversed (颠倒的), it’s very difficult to understand. Many people with dyslexia (阅读困难症) see words on the pages this way. Certain letters might look backwards or upside down or the words might seem to “jump” around. Dyslexia is a condition that influences a person’s ability to read, write, spell, and listen. Someone with dyslexia has a hard time making the connection between the way letters look and the sounds of words. Though learning may be more difficult for kids with dyslexia, it doesn’t mean that they aren’t smart. It means they have trouble translating what they see, hear, or write, into meaningful information. So, what causes dyslexia? Scientists believe a trouble in the brain makes decoding (编译) languages difficult for some people. Although there is no cure for it, some doctors think that if caught early, dyslexia can be dealt with (应对). One way to do this is by teaching readers to sound out words, build up vocabulary, and practice reading. Many dyslexic people discover their own ways, such as listening to books on tape or asking for more time to complete tests. 27．The writer lets us read the book in the mirror to ________. A．play a funny game B．study different words C．show that reading is useful for us D．see how people with dyslexia read 28．Why is it hard for people with dyslexia to read and write? A．They are not hardworking. B．They are not clever enough. C．They have trouble seeing films with others. D．They have trouble understanding information. 29．What can we know from the passage? A．Dyslexia can be dealt with if it is found out early. B．It’s good for dyslexic people to take some medicine. C．Someone with dyslexia enjoys reading upside down. D．It’s important for dyslexic people to protect their eyes. （B） Sometimes it can be a little difficult to learn a foreign language, especially as the beginners. There are some suggestions about how to learn a foreign language. When you speak a foreign language, it’s common to have an accent. That’s all right—other people can usually understand what you are saying, so take it easy. It’s a good idea to listen more and try to communicate with other speakers. It’s a good way to make your pronunciation better and improve your speaking skills. If you see a new word and you don’t know what it means, you can sometimes guess the meaning from words you know, or you can look it up in a dictionary. A lot of good language learners try not to translate things from their first language. Translation is sometimes a good idea. But you should try to think in the foreign language if you can. It’s also common to make mistakes. When your teacher corrects (改正) a mistake in your writing or speaking, think about it and try to see the reason. But it’s more important to imitate. You can watch and listen to some videos, repeat what you hear, and don’t be afraid to speak. There are many other ways you can take to improve your ability to learn a foreign language. If you can take the advice and carry on, you will make great progress. 30．The underlined word “imitate” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”. A．put up B．look up C．model after D．run after 31．What can we know from the passage? A．It’s easy for the beginners to learn a foreign language. B．We can guess the meaning if we come across a new word. C．We can take notes carefully when teachers correct our mistakes. D．Good language learners translate things from their first language. （C） Cooking can be a great hobby. After you have learned how to make some recipes (食谱), it is time to try something new! Putting different kinds of cooking together is a fun way to make new and interesting dishes. This kind of cooking makes new recipes using parts of old recipes. This idea has a long history. A long time ago, people who lived in one place usually cooked the same kinds of foods. They ate the same kinds of foods as their friends and families because those foods were easy to find or make. Since people did not move much from one place to another, these foods became part of the culture of a town, city, or country. Now, people move a lot. When they move from their homes to other countries, they bring their recipes with them. They mix together the tastes from their old recipes with the tastes from the new place. You do not have to move to new places to have fun with new kinds of food! You can use any recipe you want. But it is important to think about how different foods taste. Do you like ice cream? Ice cream is very sweet and it is easy to make in an ice cream maker. Green tea is tasty and can be used in many recipes. You can make green tea ice cream as a cool snack. But you do not need to stop with green tea and ice cream. You can make a meat recipe, too. If you like coconut milk, you can try making a delicious sauce for meat. Or, you can always make coconut ice cream! It’s delicious. 32．The cooking described in the passage uses ________. A．recipes to make something hot B．an ice cream maker for the recipes C．parts of recipes from different places D．expensive recipes to make food delicious 33．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．The History of Cooking B．A Great Hobby C．Putting Together the Best D．Green Tea or Coconut Milk 北京市海淀区2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 四、阅读理解 （A） My hands were shaking as we waited for our turn. It felt like butterflies flying around in my stomach. Though we had practiced for months, I still felt kind of uneasy. “Are you ready?” Brittanie asked with a weak smile. “Of course I am!” I replied, trying to sound confident. “I guess I’m kind of nervous,” she said quietly. “Okay, so am I! But we’re on in about 30 seconds!” As I spoke, I heard the song end and people clapping their hands. “Deep breaths”, I thought to myself, “deep breaths”. Then my dance team lined up and we got onto the stage as if we owned it. In the back of my mind, I heard my teacher say, “Confidence is everything!” as she did when we spent long hours in the studio. We reached the center of the stage. I showed the judges my biggest smile, trying to hide my nervousness. I noticed that several of the judges wore listless expressions and one of them even seemed unhappy, which added to my discomfort on stage. A few seconds later, when I heard our familiar song in the speakers, I forgot my nervousness. The dance started with a few simple counts and a more challenging turn followed. To my complete surprise, my turns were perfect. Even my jumps were higher than usual! Our cheerful dance made us excited. Even the judges began dancing in their seats. The dance ended perfectly. Everyone stood up and cheered! That sense of pride was one of the best feelings I’ve ever had. I left the stage with a smile, knowing that I had performed my best. 22．How did the writer feel before she got onto the stage? A．Angry. B．Surprised. C．Uneasy. D．Peaceful. 23．According to the passage, what did the writer do on the stage? A．She tried some new moves. B．She talked to a dance teacher. C．She jumped as high as usual. D．She performed a cheerful dance. 24．We may feel the same as the writer did at the end of her dance ________. A．when we get good grades by working hard B．when we are expecting a letter from a pen pal C．when we make a big mistake in our homework D．when we break the glass before drinking water （B） It’s easy to think “that will never happen to me,” but natural disasters (灾难) are becoming both more common and serious. Millions of families face floods, tornadoes and other natural disasters every year. In Australia, for example, its wildfires from 2019 to 2020 were caused by the high temperature and a drought (干旱), taking away the lives of hundreds of people and billions (十亿) of animals. While you can’t stop disasters from happening, you can stay safe during one if you know what to do. Flood Floods can happen very suddenly. Flood water can be deeper than it looks. It can carry you away, so stay away! Glass, snakes, and dirty things can be in flood water. They can make you sick, so don’t drink it even if you are thirsty. Tornado A tornado happens during some storms. If there’s a tornado warning, go someplace, such as a small and sturdy (结实的) bathroom, which is safe from the wind and flying things. Remember to keep away from windows or anything heavy that might fall on1 you. Get down low and cover your head with your arms. Earthquake You can stay safe during an earthquake by moving away from things that might fall. Get down under something that's strong if you can't rush out of the building right away. Protect your neck and head with your arm. If you're outside, go to an open space. Stay away from trees or anything that might fall over and hurt you. Bushfire Bushfires, also known as wildfires, are common across the world during the hotter months. It is important that you try to stay calm in a bushfire. Some fires can start so quickly that they threaten (威胁) homes and lives within minutes, so your safest choice is always to leave early. You'd better prepare an emergency survival kit and have it handy at all times. No one wants to be caught in a dangerous and extreme situation. If the unthinkable does take place, having a plan and knowing what to do could make all the difference for you and your loved ones. 25．The writer mentions Australian wildfires to show ________. A．a natural disaster will never happen to us B．the fires can cause the death of people and animals C．natural disasters are becoming more and more serious D．the high temperature and a drought may lead to wildfires 26．When disasters happen, what can you do to keep safe? A．Drink flood water if you are thirsty when a flood happens. B．Stop moving and wait for other people’s help in a bushfire. C．Stay away from windows or flying things when a tornado comes. D．Stay under the trees after getting out of buildings in an earthquake. 27．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．The Predictions about Natural Disasters B．The Ways to Keep Safe in Natural Disasters C．The Reasons Why Natural Disasters Happen D．The Types of Natural Disasters around the World （C） Is Losing Weight an Important Health Goal? Advertisements, pop culture and even doctors can talk about health and weight as if they are one and the same: smaller bodies are healthier, and larger bodies must be unhealthy. But neither health nor bodies are that simple, and health can differ from person to person. “A higher body mass index (BMI) has to do with health conditions like diabetes (糖尿病)”, said Philipp Scherer, a professor at the University of Texas. “However, it’s not that clear when researchers look at a single person.” People in smaller bodies can develop heart disease or diabetes, and plenty of people in larger bodies are considered completely metabolically (新陈代谢地) healthy. “It’s just a result of our genetic heterogeneity (遗传异质性) and how we do with calories (卡路里) more than needed,” he added. Dr. Asher Larmie, a doctor in the UK noted, “BMI is just one of many factors causing changes in a person’s well-being. Medical care, environment, society and biology make up most of the factors that decide our health. We can’t take one look at a person's body and get a sense of their health. Can we see somebody’s medical records? Are we talking to their doctors? And often health is honestly sometimes out of our control (控制). There are so many illnesses that people just develop. ” Then, how can we really keep healthy? Health is decided by many factors. Not falling ill is one, but so are staying mentally (精神地) healthy, keeping active social networks, getting enough sleep and lowering stress. Taking in fewer calories or cutting out certain foods may be bad for your health if it hurts your mental health or keeps you from enjoying time with friends and family. “Weight loss doesn’t mean that you’ll necessarily get healthy. Sometimes how you lose weight could also be detrimental to your health. You may become unhealthy because of dieting,” said Charles Spence, a professor from the University of Oxford. “We should improve our health by moving more, sleeping better, stressing less and eating the foods your body is telling you that you need,” Larmie added. 28．What can we learn about health according to Dr. Asher Larmie? A．Health is greatly under our control. B．We can tell if people are healthy from their BMI. C．Medical care is the most important for people’s health. D．Many factors have to do with people’s health conditions. 29．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．mental health is less important than physical health B．our lifestyle plays a very important role in our health C．losing weight is a common way to help us keep healthy D．sleeping better and stressing less can help us lose weight 30．The words “be detrimental to” in Paragraph 5 probably mean “________”. A．improve B．harm C．serve D．describe 31．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To show us some useful ways to lose weight. B．To tell us the importance of keeping healthy. C．To make us clear on the relation between health and weight. D．To call on us to keep a smaller body size through exercising. 北京市东城区2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 （A） Nowadays, some schools teach traditional subjects like math, geography, and language, but they also teach life skills(技能). Life skills classes teach students how to keep their rooms clean and tidy, take care of their health, and have healthy personal relationships(关系). Some people say these classes prepare students better for life in the real world. But other people say these classes aren’t important. Students should only pay attention to how to get into university. What do you think? Some people like the idea of teaching life skills in schools. They believe that life skills classes give students what they need to know to live on their own, whether they go to college or get a job after high school. They help prepare students for everyday real-life situations, such as cooking a meal and managing money. Many of these classes also teach “soft skills”, like how to listen and talk to people in a positive(积极的) way, which are important in the workplace and in personal relationships. As students learn more life skills, they become more confident in themselves. On the other hand, some people argue that there is no time for more subjects at school. They think it’s more important to teach traditional subjects than life skills at school. Many students choose not to take life skills classes because these classes don’t improve their chances of getting into university. People also think it should be the job of parents to teach their kids what they need to know at home. Personally, I think we already learn many life skills while doing traditional subjects. For example, we learn teamwork by doing group work, and organizing(安排) our homework teaches us how to use our time well. I believe all schools should teach life skills. It would not need too much work because there is no need to teach them separately(分开地) from traditional subjects. This will make sure that students are better prepared for college and work when they leave school. 27．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The different ways to live on your own. B．The school experience of learning life skills. C．The situation that calls for learning life skills. D．The advantages of learning life skills in school. 28．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．schools need to give more time to life skills classes B．parents’ first job is to teach their children life skills C．students can learn life skills in their traditional subjects D．teachers should learn life skills together with their students 29．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Life Skills: How Do Students Build Them? B．Life Skills: Should School Teach Them? C．Life Skills: Who Should Learn Them? D．Life Skills: Are They Important? （B） Are you someone who enjoys listening to music? If so, you’re doing something good for your mind and body. Scientists believe that music has something to do with people's feelings. Valorie N. Salimpoor has studied music and the human brain(大脑) at McGill University. She has found that listening to pleasant music causes healthy changes in the brain. These changes make people feel excited, happy, and satisfied. Researchers in Germany have found that listening to music can boost a person’s mood. In other words, music can cheer you up when you’re feeling sad. Music can also lower stress and help you worry less. That’s according to the scientists from the USA． Music is also good for your body. For example, a study called “From Music-Beat(节拍) to Heart-Beat” showed that music can lower blood pressure(血压), which is good for your health. What’s more, music gets the blood pumping(血液循环) when you exercise. A group of scientists from Spain and Brazil have found that people run faster and longer when they listen to music. Music can help you bike faster too. British scientists studied bikers who listened to music with a fast beat. While riding, the faster the beat was, the faster the bikers rode. How else is music good for your health? It can help you get better sleep. That’s according to a research study called “Music Improves(改善) Sleep Quality in Students”. This study looked at college students who had a difficult time sleeping. Some of the students were told to listen to relaxing classical music before bedtime. Those students slept better and even felt happier. Scientists in Finland, England, and the United States have shown that music helps students learn. Listening to music can help you when you’re learning something new. It can also help you better remember what you’ve learned. It can even help when you take a test, according to a British study. Students who listened to background(背景的) music during a test answered more test questions. They got more of the answers correct too. Music is more than a beautiful art form. It can make your lives better. It can improve your mood, your health, and even your grades. In short, it’s good for you. So make time for music, and you won’t be sorry! 30．The words “boost a person’s mood” in Paragraph 2 probably mean “________”. A．help a person feel better B．make a person relax C．change a person’s life D．keep a person’s brain healthy 31．What can we learn from the research study in Paragraph 4? A．Music helps college students understand the importance of sleep. B．A certain kind of music improves sleep for college students. C．College students are too busy to listen to music at night. D．College students listen to classical music the most. 32．If there is background music playing during a test, students will ________. A．be more worried B．fall asleep during the test C．get their blood pumping D．increase their test scores 33．What is the writer’s main purpose(目的) in writing this passage? A．To teach people how to enjoy music. B．To suggest that people listen to music. C．To describe the scientists’ love of music. D．To show the importance of music in students’ lives. 北京市西城区等5地2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 四、阅读理解 （A） Everyone knows and feels proud of national heroes and famous leaders. But there are those everyday young heroes who just make a difference when the need suddenly happens. The yellow school bus is such a known and important part of childhood. Parents would always tell kids to pay more attention of the safety before getting on the bus. The ride is the beginning of a weekday and there are no teachers around. It’s just a time for short sleeps and joking with friends. Studies even show that teenagers aren’t really awake and watchful until around 8: 30, when the school bus arrives at the school gate. So 13-year-old Jeremy Wuitschick had to be a true hero for saving the school bus from an accident when other students were sleepy or just had small talks. It was a common morning in April 2012. Jeremy was sitting in his usual place only a few seats from the front when he saw the driver suddenly slump down(倒下) . The bus kept going along the road, but the driver’s hands had left the wheel and nothing was guiding the school bus. Without thinking, the seventh grader Jeremy Wuitschick jumped into actions, holding the controls and leading to the side of the road. He couldn’t break the bus—he couldn’t reach the pedals(脚踏). But he managed to bring the bus to a stop by pulling the keys out. Other kids on the bus dialed 911. And one of Jeremy’s classmates, Johnny Wood, praised himself to be a hero as well, performing CPR(心肺复苏) on the driver until help arrived. Thanked to Jeremy Wuitschick and his classmates’ timely help, the driver and all the students were safe. The dictionary meaning of a hero is: “a person of great courage or ability, beloved for his or her brave actions and unusual qualities.” It is certain that Jeremy is a young hero by his great courage and quick thinking. 21．How did Jeremy Wuitschick save lives? A．He warned all the students to get out of the bus quickly. B．He pulled the keys out and managed the car to a safer place. C．He asked the driver to stop the car by stepping on the pedals. D．He guided the school bus with the driver’s hands on the wheel. 22．What can you learn from the passage? A．Teachers should be on the school bus. B．The driver fell asleep on that morning. C．Parents like talking on the school bus. D．The kids gave different helps for the driver. 23．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To introduce some ways to meet difficulties. B．To tell the driver the importance of safety C．To show people the problems of school buses. D．To encourage the young to do right actions. （B） ①Have you ever heard that groundhogs can predict（预测）the end of winter? How about that elephants never forget things? Or that dogs can smell the strange? That may not be 100% true. However, many animals do have stronger senses than humans. ②Do animals have a sixth sense that can tell the future? That may sound out of this world. However, many events seem to support this idea. ③Thousands of years ago, a big earthquake hit Helike, Greece. Buildings were in ruins. Many people were hurt. But there was something interesting. The city’s animals acted strangely days before the earthquake. Rats and snakes ran from the city in groups. Did they know an earthquake was coming? In 1975, one million people had to leave their hometown, Haicheng, Liaoning Province with the help of Chinese government. Why? They believed a disaster（灾难）was coming. They thought this, in part, because of animals’ strange behaviours. Just days later, a large earthquake hit the city. Experts（专家）said 150, 000 could have lost their lives if people stayed in the city at that time. In December 2004, the animals of Sri Lanka were acting strange. Elephants ran around. Dogs wouldn’t go outside. Zoo animals wouldn’t leave their home. Soon after people saw these strange behaviours, a tsunami hit the island. ④Animals seem to be pretty good at predicting disasters. But it doesn’t stop there! Some of them even seem to sense small changes in the weather before they happen. Bees are known to find places before it rains. Dairy farmers say they can tell a big storm is coming when their cows lie down. Cats and dogs are also said to know when a storm is on its way, as are birds and turtles. Can animals really tell the future? ⑤Experts say it’s unlikely that animals can tell the future. However, they might hear or feel the earthquake before people do. Even though scientists have not proved animals have the ability to predict disasters before they happen and animals’ predictions aren’t always right, it’s not bad to pay attention to the animals. 27．According to the passage, we know many animals ________. A．can tell the future in different ways B．have better sense abilities than humans C．act strangely after some natural disasters D．use the sixth sense to predict earthquakes 28．The word “behaviours” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A．actions B．senses C．ideas D．changes 29．What’s Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Animals are good at helping farmers. B．Animals are good at finding their homes. C．Animals seem to know the future problems. D．Animals seem to know the weather changes. 30．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Can Animals Predict the Future? B．Do Animals Have Stronger Senses? C．How Do Animals Save People’s Life? D．What Are Animals’ Ways to Tell the Future? 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 阅读理解 阅读理解说明文&议论文 北京市海淀区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试题 Can’t stop thinking about the book you finished last week? That means you got a classic book hangover. “Book hangover” isn’t an official term, but the experience is very real. “We get very sad when a book ends,” says Solomon, a psychologist (心理学家). “It is as though we are losing our world and the characters in it.” Making the loss even more painful is the fact that the made-up world is often better than the reality. It may take our brains some time to get used to that. So, what’s behind the book hangover? Well, there are a few factors at play. Basically, you are sad that it’s over. Ending a great book is like completing a fantastic movie or vacation. It’s normal to feel a bit blue that the good times are over. Besides, you’re thrown back to reality. Reading puts you in the driver’s seat. You can put the book down if the story makes you upset or pick it up again if you want to stay away from real life for a few minutes. Losing this control might make you feel lost and upset. Moreover, you’re emotionally (情感上) spent. Feeling what the characters feel makes reading wonderful. But it can use up your emotion. As a result, when the book ends and the characters are no longer there to activate your mind and heart, you may feel empty and tired. Then how do you get over a book hangover? Here is some smart advice. First, pick up a new book. Many book lovers say picking up a new book is their favorite cure (治疗) for a book hangover. “I always have another unread book ready to read to cure that previous book hangover,” says Ferguson, a book lover. Second, reread your favorite parts. If you love a story so much that you can’t let it go, why not enjoy yourself by revisiting those beloved characters and worlds? Third, retell the story with a friend. “I like to discuss the book with another reader. I like to hear their views,” says Scott, another book lover. Research shows that reading stimulates (刺激) the brain’s pleasure centers and friendship developed through books also makes us happier. Connecting a love of reading with friendship will help you feel better during a book hangover. 31．Which of the following shows you may experience a book hangover? A．You feel sad after you finish reading a book you love. B．You know how the characters feel about their life events. C．You realize the reality is better than the world in the book. D．You understand what the writers want to show through books. 32．To get over the book hangover, we can ________. A．read the whole book again and again B．share the story in the book with friends C．write down our feelings about the book D．read at least two books at the same time 33．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How useful reading is and what to do to enjoy it. B．What a book hangover is and ways to deal with it. C．Why a book hangover is helpful for the book lovers. D．When people can get out of troubles through reading. 【答案】 31．A 32．B 33．B 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了形成醉书的几个因素以及如何应对醉书。 31．细节理解题。根据第一段“‘We get very sad when a book ends,’ says Solomon, a psychologist. ‘It is as though we are losing our world and the characters in it.’ Making the loss even more painful is the fact that the made-up world is often better than the reality. It may take our brains some time to get used to that.”可知，醉书的人读完一本喜爱的书时，会感到非常难过。故选A。 32．细节理解题。根据第五段“Then how do you get over a book hangover?...Third, retell the story with a friend.”可知，与朋友分享书里你喜欢的故事可以帮你克服醉书。故选B。 33．主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了醉书、醉书人的心理活动、形成醉书的几个因素以及如何克服醉书的几条建议。故选B。 （D） Why do kids make seemingly “careless” mistakes? While grown-ups may think it’s simply a matter of not listening, sometimes it’s about a failure of metacognition (元认知). Metacognition is to understand your own thinking process. It’s when you’re aware (意识到) of your own thoughts and how you learn and solve problems. It helps you realize what you’re doing, make a plan and change your plan if needed to complete hard tasks! Alicia Forsberg, a professor at the University of Sheffield, said, “Metacognition is a skill that plays an important part in learning different types of materials in many subjects.” For children, learning how to use metacognition can improve their school grades. Meanwhile, a failure of metacognition might lead to careless mistakes. Forsberg points out an important part of metacognition called meta-memory. It is the awareness of and control we have over what we remember and what we’ve forgotten. The problem for children is that they may not realize they have forgotten something. For example, a child who fails to complete a task may have forgotten the instruction (指示), and not realize it has been forgotten. Children believe that if they don’t remember seeing something, it was never there at all. However, grown-ups know forgetting happens quite often. The good news is that there are things teachers and parents can do to help. Forsberg suggests asking children what they remember about the instructions for a given task. Even if they think the instructions are easy to remember, they may still have forgotten something, so double-checking is always a good idea. Besides, making children describe what they learned in a lesson can help them realize not everything has been kept in their memory. When children develop a better awareness of their own memory skills, they can use that information to tailor their learning. That understanding might encourage students to pause (暂停) and re-watch a video they are learning from, or to look back at their notes. Children differ in their metacognitive skills, so some might need to go back and look at what they may have forgotten more often. Metacognition is like having a smart helper in your brain, which makes learning easier. If children understand their own thinking skills, they should be able to help themselves learn more effectively and avoid those seemingly “careless” mistakes. 34．According to the passage, why might children make careless mistakes? A．Because they have too many materials to learn. B．Because they are not listening carefully in class. C．Because they fail to realize they have forgotten something. D．Because they dislike most of the subjects they are learning. 35．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A．News about teachers and students. B．Ideas for remembering instructions. C．Advice on understanding new lessons. D．Ways of developing kids’ metacognition. 36．The words “tailor their learning” in Paragraph 6 probably mean “________”. A．play an active part in groups B．push them to study harder C．deal with the learning pressure D．find suitable ways of learning 37．The writer probably agrees that metacognition ________. A．guides kids to follow the school rules easily B．aims to draw kids’ attention to their strong points C．helps kids have a better control over their learning D．encourages kids to take a break away from school 【答案】 34．C 35．D 36．D 37．C 【导语】 本文主要讲述了为什么孩子们会犯看似粗心的错误以及如何通过元认知来改善学习。 34．细节理解题。根据“Meanwhile, a failure of metacognition might lead to careless mistakes...The problem for children is that they may not realize they have forgotten something.”可知，孩子会犯粗心的错误可能是因为他们没有意识到他们忘记了一些东西。故选C。 35．段落大意题。根据“The good news is that there are things teachers and parents can do to help.”和本段可知，第五段主要讲述了发展孩子们的元认知的方式。故选D。 36．词句猜测题。根据“That understanding might encourage students to pause (暂停) and re-watch a video they are learning from, or to look back at their notes.”可知，这种理解可能会鼓励学生暂停并重新观看他们正在学习的视频，或者回顾他们的笔记。所以此句含义为“当孩子们对自己的记忆技能有了更好的认识时，他们可以利用这些信息来调整自己的学习”，D选项符合，故选D。 37．推理判断题。根据“Metacognition is like having a smart helper in your brain, which makes learning easier”可知，元认知帮助孩子更好地控制他们的学习。故选C。 北京市东城区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 （A） There are many aspects (方面) to language learning, such as how to say words, which words to choose, and what form of words to use. All of these aspects together can make learning a foreign language very difficult. But there are some points that might make it easier, and more fun. First, don’t worry too much about pronouncing words the wrong way. Pronunciation is important, of course. It helps the listener to understand what is said more clearly. However, the most important step in learning a new language is to practice speaking it. Like learning any new skill (技能), practice makes perfect. And when you practice speaking the new language, the native speaker (说本族语的人) usually thinks highly of your hard work and is ready to help improve your pronunciation. Second, don’t be afraid to guess the meaning of what someone says. There will be a lot of words to learn while studying a foreign language. In fact, there are tens of thousands of different words in English. And a word may have more than one meaning. The same goes with any other language. It is impossible to know all the words and all the meanings. Use clues (提示) to guess the meaning of what others say. When meeting a person that says “Hola” and waves his or her hand, one might guess that the person is giving a greeting. It is not important at that moment to know the exact meaning. With more practice of guessing the meaning of new words, your vocabulary will increase. Third, don’t lose hope. Learning a new language always takes time. Many will give up learning because learning all of the rules of another language is too hard or boring. Some may think that other people will make fun of them for making mistakes. But it’s OK to make mistakes. Nobody is perfect, after all. Don’t give up and keep trying. In the end, learning a new language can be difficult, but remember that it can have great benefits (益处). Learning a new language doesn’t just mean the ability to speak in that different language. It can also include making new friends, experiencing new adventures in a different culture, and tasting new foods! 23．What can we learn from the passage? A．English has more words than any other language. B．Native speakers think highly of perfect pronunciation. C．Guessing the meaning of new words is an important skill. D．Learning grammar rules is easier than learning pronunciation. 24．The writer suggests a foreign language learner should __________. A．go to a foreign country to learn it B．feel relaxed about making mistakes C．remember as many words as possible D．find interesting ways to learn the rules 25．What is the passage mainly about? A．Advice for learning a foreign language. B．Reasons for learning a foreign language. C．Difficulties in learning a foreign language. D．Advantages of learning a foreign language. 【答案】 23．C 24．B 25．A 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一些关于学习外语的建议。 23．推理判断题。根据第三段“With more practice of guessing the meaning of new words, your vocabulary will increase.”可知，多练习猜生词的意思，你的词汇量就会增加，由此推测，猜测新词的意思是一项重要的技能，故选C。 24．推理判断题。根据第四段“Some may think that other people will make fun of them for making mistakes. But it’s OK to make mistakes.”可知，有些人可能认为别人会取笑他们犯的错，但是犯错没关系，由此推测，作者建议外语学习者应该对犯错误感到轻松，故选B。 25．主旨大意题。根据第一段“there are some points that might make it easier, and more fun”并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了一些关于学习外语的建议，故选A。 (B) It’s Good to Ask for Help Part of growing up is learning how to work things out for yourself. However, you don’t have to struggle alone all the time. Learning how to ask others to lend a hand is also an important life skill. When you might need help There are lots of reasons why you could need help, for example, with schoolwork, learning a new skill, or when you feel sad, worried or angry. When you find something difficult, or it takes a long time to make progress (进步), you may feel frustrated. This can also make you feel like you can’t do it. These are all signs (征兆) that you need help. Asking for help will move you forward more quickly than trying on your own. __ Asking for help isn’t always easy. You might feel red-faced that you need help, or you think asking for a helping hand is a sign of weakness. These thoughts make it hard for you to turn to another person. Angela McMillan, a counsellor (顾问) who advises young people, says asking for help can also feel risky, especially when you are not sure who to ask. “You might feel afraid that they don’t have time, or they won’t take your problem seriously.” Asking for help is brave Everyone finds things difficult sometimes—you’re not the only one. McMillan believes asking for help is an act of bravery. “Letting someone in, believing in them and asking them to listen to you and help you solve a problem takes great courage (勇气).” Asking for help is good for you When you ask for help, it makes you less worried, and it usually produces a better result. There are other benefits too. By asking for help, you practice speaking up for yourself and saying what you need. It shows you how someone else might feel when they’re struggling, which means you could be more able to offer a hand when someone needs it. Noah, aged 11, shared his story. “At school our teacher asked us to write a passage in the third person to describe moving to another country. I found this hard and asked my teacher for some adjectives (形容词) to get me started. At the end I thought it was one of my best pieces of work, so I was really pleased that I had asked for help!” 26．The word “frustrated” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________. A．peaceful B．discouraged C．uninterested D．confident 27．Which of the following would be the best heading for Paragraph 3? A．How you can ask for help B．Who you should ask for help C．Why you need to ask for help D．What stops you asking for help 28．The writer probably agrees that _________. A．brave people are less likely to ask for help B．asking for help shows you need to improve your ability C．asking for help can make you more willing to help others D．people should be careful of the risks when asking for help 【答案】 26．B 27．D 28．C 【导语】 本文主要介绍了学会如何寻求帮助是一项重要的生活技能。 26．词义猜测题。根据“When you find something difficult, or it takes a long time to make progress (进步), you may feel frustrated”可知当你发现一些事情很困难，或者需要很长时间才能取得进展时，你可能会感到沮丧，故此处划线部分和discouraged“沮丧的”意义相近。故选B。 27．最佳标题题。根据“Asking for help isn’t always easy. You might feel red-faced that you need help, or you think asking for a helping hand is a sign of weakness. These thoughts make it hard for you to turn to another person”可知本段主要介绍了阻止求助的一些想法。故选D。 28．推理判断题。根据“By asking for help, you practice speaking up for yourself and saying what you need. It shows you how someone else might feel when they’re struggling, which means you could be more able to offer a hand when someone needs it.”可知它向你展示了别人在挣扎时的感受，这意味着当别人需要帮助时，你可以更有能力伸出援手，由此可推知寻求帮助可以让你更愿意帮助别人。故选C。 北京市西城区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 四、阅读理解 （A） Have you heard of a bike bus? It carries a group of children to school in the same way a school bus does, except everyone is on bikes. The “bus driver”—an adult on a bike—guides a slowly moving group along a route (路线) that has already been chosen. Kids and their parents join the group on their own bikes when the group rides by. Bike buses are a way for everyone to bike together for fun, convenience and safety. On busy streets, a big group of five to ten kids is much more visible (明显的) than one or two kids biking alone. Sam Balto is a PE teacher. He leads a bike bus to school. His bus is especially visible because it has hundreds of shouting kids and parents. It stretches out over several blocks (街区). Sam vlogs his bike bus trip. As the parent of two kids, I can’t watch his videos without crying. The bike bus calms my fear that the kids will get hurt on the road. Laughing kids! Outside, in person! Together! So when a friend asked if I would lead a bike bus in our neighborhood, of course I said yes. Using active transportation to go to work and school—whether that’s a biking bus, or even a walking bus—has many advantages. Yes, people are healthier and happier when they’re more active, but reducing the number of cars around a school can also reduce heavy traffic and air pollution. I was shocked by what starting or driving a bike bus meant to different people. For Luke Bornheimer, the leader of the San Francisco Bike Bus, it’s amazing to see children take care of themselves. “Kids are really smart and strong.” Bornheimer says. “They get how to ride responsibly (负责任地) and have fun. We’re just giving them that chance.” For me, the bike bus was the start of rejoining my community. My kids love the bike bus, but we parents might love it even more. We talk about everything, from the bike bus to other topics, such as planning neighborhood roller skating meetups and party nights. I do accept that getting more kids to safely bike and walk in more places will take a lot more work than parents just trying to get their kids to school every day. But our efforts are a start. We live on a planet that has many environmental problems. Maybe the best way to remind ourselves that we and the Earth are worth (值得的) protecting is by moving through it, not in cars, but with fresh air on our faces and the sounds of kids’ laughter echoing in our ears. 27．According to the passage, a bike bus is __________. A．a special bus that parents take to go to their workplace B．a school bus with parents riding bikes as guides in front C．a fun game for children as they’re on their way to school D．a way for children to ride to school with a “driver” on a bike 28．Why did the writer want to lead a bike bus? A．She couldn’t stand her kids shouting. B．She decided to do something for the school. C．She liked how it kept children safe on the road. D．She thought cycling was a popular outdoor activity. 29．What can we learn from the passage? A．The writer is the leader of her neighborhood activities. B．Different people started the bike bus in different ways. C．Bike buses offer kids chances to be responsible on the road. D．The writer started riding a bike because of the heavy traffic. 30．What is the writer’s purpose of writing the passage? A．To introduce the good and bad points of active transportation. B．To invite some experienced bus drivers to be bike bus leaders. C．To advise the local government to offer more public services for kids. D．To ask people to help kids and the environment by starting bike buses. 【答案】 27．D 28．C 29．C 30．D 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了新型上学方式“自行车巴士”。 27．细节理解题。根据“It carries a group of children to school in the same way a school bus does, except everyone is on bikes.”可知，“自行车巴士”是一种上学方式。故选D。 28．细节理解题。根据“The bike bus calms my fear that the kids will get hurt on the road...of course I said yes.”可知，“自行车巴士”可以帮助孩子们免于在路上受伤。故选C。 29．细节理解题。根据“They get how to ride responsibly (负责任地) and have fun. We’re just giving them that chance.”可知，“自行车巴士”让孩子们变得负责任。故选C。 30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But our efforts are a start. We live on a planet that has many environmental problems. Maybe the best way to remind ourselves that we and the Earth are worth (值得的) protecting is by moving through it, not in cars, but with fresh air on our faces and the sounds of kids’ laughter echoing in our ears.”可知，作者写这篇文章主要是呼吁人们开始“自行车巴士”来帮助孩子们和环境。故选D。 北京市朝阳区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 Do you have a fear (恐惧) of public speaking? Do you ever get nervous when speaking in front of a group of people? I remember I used to be deathly afraid of public speaking. My legs would get weak as I made my way in front of the audience. My mouth would tremble (发抖) as I would begin to say the first few words. I would avoid eye contact (避免眼神接触) unless I find someone with a smiling face, there is a way to overcome a fear of public speaking. Understand the cause of the fear Find out why it’s a fear in the first place. The main reason is the fear of being embarrassed (窘迫的). Most of you are afraid of being laughed at, doing anything foolish or having the audience judge (判断) you. When there are other people who might judge you or think badly of you, this causes you to get nervous. Change your mindset (心态) Try not to think about yourself and what the audience might think of you. Instead, think about the audience and how you can best deliver (传递) your message across. Then, you will be able to get over this fear. Practice It’s best to practice in front of a supporting (支持的) group of people. This will not only make public speaking easier but also help you gain confidence. The more you practice it, the easier it will get. The way I was able to get over my fear of speaking came in two periods (时期). The first period was in high school. I entered the speech class, and all I wanted was to get passed. I didn’t care about winning. Even when I forgot what to say, I didn’t get nervous. The next period was during my job as a trainer. My job was to motivate (激励) people. So gradually, my focus went from thinking about myself to not caring about that, and finally to thinking about my audience. In the two periods, my mindset changed from the mindset of fear to the mindset of power. So overcoming a fear of public speaking comes down to having the right mindset and practice. 25．What can we learn about the writer from the passage? A．He used to have a fear of public speaking. B．He now works as a trainer in high school. C．He still finds it hard to make a public speech. D．He got over his fear of speaking with his parents’ help. 26．Which of the following could be helpful to overcome a fear of public speaking? A．Try to think about how to avoid eye contact. B．Find out why the audience laugh at you or judge you. C．Think more about yourself when you make a public speech. D．Remember to practice in front of a group of supporting people. 27．The writer wants to tell us _______. A．how harmful a fear of public speaking is B．what causes a fear of public speaking C．how to overcome a fear of public speaking D．why we should overcome a fear of public speaking 【答案】 25．A 26．D 27．C 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过作者自己的经历，强调了克服公开演讲恐惧的关键在于正确的心态和不断的练习。 25．细节理解题。根据“I remember I used to be deathly afraid of public speaking.”可知，作者过去害怕公开演讲。故选A。 26．细节理解题。根据“It’s best to practice in front of a supporting (支持的) group of people. This will not only make public speaking easier but also help you gain confidence.”可知，在支持你的人面前练习，能帮助你克服公开演讲的恐惧。故选D。 27．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者通过讲述自己的经历，告诉我们如何克服公开演讲的恐惧。故选C。 北京市大兴区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 （A） A woman came out of her house and saw three old men sitting in her front yard. She did not know them. She said, “I don’t think I know you, but you must be hungry. Please come in and have something to eat.” “Is the man of the house at home?” they asked. “No, he’s out.” she said. “Then we cannot come in,” they answered. In the evening when her husband came home, she told him what had happened. “Go and tell them I am home and invite them in!” The woman went out and invited the men in. “We do not go into a house together,” they said. “Why is that?” she asked. One of the old men explained, “His name is Wealth,” pointing to one of his friends. Then he said pointing to another one, “He is Success, and I am Love.” Then he added, “Now go in and discuss with your husband which one of us you want in your home.” The woman went in and told her husband what they said. Her husband was overjoyed. “How nice!” he said. “Since that is the case, let us invite Wealth. Let him come in and fill our home with money!” His wife disagreed. “My dear, why don’t we invite Success?” Their daughter-in-law was listening from the other corner of the house. She jumped in with her own suggestion, “Would it not be better to invite Love? Our home will then be filled with love!” “Let us follow our daughter-in-law's advice,” said the husband to his wife. “Go out and invite Love to be our guest.” The woman went out and asked the three old men, “Which one of you is Love? Please come in and be our guest.” Love got up and started walking toward the house. The other two also got up and followed him. Surprised, the lady asked Wealth and Success, “I only invited Love. Why are you coming in?” The old men replied together, “If you had invited Wealth or Success, the other two of us would stay out, but since you invited Love, wherever he goes, we go with him. Wherever there is Love, there is also Wealth and Success!” 24．Why didn’t the three men come into the house at first? A．Because they weren’t hungry. B．Because they didn’t know the woman. C．Because the woman didn’t invite them. D．Because the man of the house wasn’t in. 25．________ wanted to invite Success. A．The son B．The wife C．The husband D．The daughter-in-law 26．What does the story tell us? A．East or west, home is the best. B．The best decision is to have no decision. C．Sharing a problem is like cutting it in half. D．Wherever there is Love, there is also Wealth and Success. 【答案】 24．D 25．B 26．D 【导语】 本文告诉我们哪里有爱，哪里就有财富和成功。 24．细节理解题。根据““No, he’s out.” she said. “Then we cannot come in,” they answered.”可知，三个人一开始不进屋是因为家里的男人不在。故选D。 25．细节理解题。根据“His wife disagreed. “My dear, why don’t we invite Success?””可知，妻子想邀请成功。故选B。 26．主旨大意题。根据“The old men replied together, “If you had invited Wealth or Success, the other two of us would stay out, but since you invited Love, wherever he goes, we go with him. Wherever there is Love, there is also Wealth and Success!””可知，本文告诉我们哪里有爱，哪里就有财富和成功。故选D。 （B） Do you know that there’s a possibility that you may live forever? You will have computers which are 1,000 times more intelligent than Albert Einstein, one of the smartest scientists ever in the world? Yes! All these may happen in 20 years or more. In the next 20 or 30 years, the world will change much faster than ever before because the change of science and technology will be simply breath-taking. Computers will take human personalities, as well as the ability to understand words and their meanings when you speak to them. Tomorrow’s computer will be so developed that it can have a face-to-face chat with you like an old friend. In fact, you don’t even have to speak to it. Just like a friend, the computer will also have the ability to understand your thoughts. However, will computers take over the world? Probably not, for people will also get superhuman abilities. They may never die. “Unless a person is unlucky enough to die early from an accident or a disease, he has a good chance of not dying at all. Genetics (基因学) will make this possible.” says Pearson, a British futurologist as well as a trained physicist. Recently there have been many reports about discovering the code of the human genome, which decides many facts of heredity (遗传). This finding will make it possible to repair damage (修复损伤) caused by age and disease, keeping people young forever. Besides, if people suddenly die, it would be possible to recreate them with the help of the genetics. So we have the reason to believe, with the development of genetic engineering and computer science technology, human beings will have superhuman abilities and the possibility of being young and alive forever. While at the same time, computers will be much more intelligent than we can magine. Then who will control (控制) the world? 27．The writer talks of Albert Einstein to make it clear that ________. A．Albert Einstein was the smartest B．computers will be very intelligent C．computers will be intelligent scientists D．Albert Einstein couldn’t use computers 28．The second paragraph mainly tells us that computers will ________ in the future. A．take place of your friends in life B．become the master of the world C．understand us human better D．control your thoughts completely 29．What is the passage mainly about? A．Computers will control the world soon. B．Tomorrow’s computer will be as smart as Einstein. C．How people discovered the code of the human genome. D．Science and technology will change the world in the future. 【答案】 27．B 28．C 29．D 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了电脑科学技术和基因遗传学的发展给人们带来的好处，例如使人们有可能修复由年龄和疾病造成的损伤，并能够永远保持年轻。 27．推理判断题。根据“You will have computers which are 1,000 times more intelligent than Albert Einstein, one of the smartest scientists ever in the world? Yes!”可知，你将拥有比阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦还要聪明1000倍的计算机，由此推知文章提及爱因斯坦是想证明电脑是非常智能的，故选B。 28．主旨大意题。根据第二段根据“it can have a face-lo-face chat with you like an old friend”和“Just like a friend, the computer will also have the ability to understand your thoughts.”可知，电脑会有能力理解你的想法，可以像老朋友一样和你面对面聊天。即第二段主要介绍了将来电脑可以更好的理解人类，故选C。 29．主旨大意题。根据文章可知，本文通过介绍了电脑科学技术和基因遗传学的发展给人们带来的好处，来说明科学技术将在未来改变世界。故选D。 （C） From the fall of 2022, primary schools started to have labor education (劳动教育). Every week, students would have at least one class to learn about cooking, raising animals, repairing home appliances (家电) and more. Now, in many primary schools, students have cooking classes. Of course, it has been discussed by teachers and parents. Some think that it is a useful skill for students, while others think it's a waste of time, some even think it's just a show. But do they really understand cooking? It's been said that good cooking is an art form. The truth is that it's much more than that. When talking about different foods from all around the world, or cultures and histories of dishes, students are connected to the world and learning history and culture in a new field. When learning cooking, students measure (称量) materials from time to time, or find oil and water don’t usually mix. Students are also learning maths and science in practice. The importance of failures in making food is as much as successes. Li Mei, 11, was crazy about the yummy cakes made by her father and wanted to make one on her own. But when taking her cake out, she was frustrated (沮丧的) to find that the cake was hard and black at the bottom. Her father told her when he was 13, he tried to make cakes, but wasted boxes of eggs. Then together with her father, Li Mei found out what had gone wrong and succeeded in making one. Li Mei learned in the failure of cooking, and could be braver to face failures. Apart from the practical skills, cooking builds character. It encourages kids to work with others. It also encourages them to be open to foods they might not have tried. Though being good to our health, carrots were hated by 12-year-old Xiao Lei. But he started to love them after he made a salad with them. By cooking students put down their phones and work together with family members in the kitchen. By cooking, students form the habit of doing labor work. As a part of labor education, cooking is a way to teach kids some vital skills for 21st century, such as creativity, teamwork and so on. If these skills aren't taught to today's students, they might hardly survive (存活) in the future. 30．The first paragraph is to ________. A．lead in the topic of cooking B．question the meaning of cooking C．explain the courses in primary school D．discuss the problems between teachers and parents 31．The example of Li Mei tells us that ________. A．cooking can help people avoid failure B．there is no failure without success C．failure is as important as success D．cooking can make people braver 32．What does the underlined word “vital” in the last paragraph mean? A．Necessary B．Difficult C．Creative D．Simple 33．Which of the following is the best title? A．Cooking—a Waste of Time B．Cooking—an Art Show C．Cooking—More Than a Skill D．Cooking—a Way to Make a Living 【答案】 30．A 31．C 32．A 33．C 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了烹饪对学生的好处。 30．推理判断题。根据“Now, in many primary schools, students have cooking classes.”和“But do they really understand cooking?”可知，第一段的目的是引出烹饪这个话题。故选A。 31．推理判断题。根据“The importance of failures in making food is as much as successes.”和“Li Mei learned in the failure of cooking, and could be braver to face failures.”可知，李梅在失败中学习烹饪，并能更勇敢地面对失败；她的例子告诉我们在制造食物方面失败的重要性和成功的重要性一样大。故选C。 32．词句猜测题。根据“...such as creativity, teamwork and so on. If these skills aren’t taught to today’s students, they might hardly survive (存活) in the future.”可知，如果不把这些技能，例如创造力和合作精神等，传授给今天的学生，他们可能很难在未来生存下来；故可推断出“vital”的意思是“必须的，至关重要的”。故选A。 33．主旨大意题。根据“Apart from the practical skills, cooking builds character.”可知，除了实用技能外，烹饪还能塑造性格；本文主要介绍了烹饪对学生的好处。故选C。 北京市石景山区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 （A） In ancient (古代的) times, people tried to explain the world based on what they saw. People saw that the sun came up from one side of the earth and went down on the other side. So they believed that the sun traveled around the earth. Going directly from observation (观察) to conclusion (结论) is called non-scientific thinking. Here is an example of non-scientific thinking. Maybe you had a stomachache, and ate some chocolates. An hour later, you felt much better. You might think that it was the chocolates that made you feel better. But there are other possible explanations. Maybe you had taken some medicine an hour earlier, and it took a while to work. Maybe enough time had passed, and you would have felt better without eating the chocolates. While the scientific method is a way of thinking that helps you to avoid drawing wrong conclusions. It helps you to avoid no-scientific thinking. It reminds you to take your first conclusion as one of several possible conclusions. It also reminds you to find evidence (证据) to support your conclusion. The five steps in the scientific method begin by questioning an observation, and end with a conclusion that is based on evidence. Step 1 is to ask a question about your observation, such as, “What makes a stomachache feel better?” Step 2 is to state a possible answer to the question, such as, “Chocolates make a sick stomach feel better.” Step 3 is to test. You could wait until you have a stomachache again, eat some chocolates, and see what happens. You could ask a lot of people if eating chocolates had ever made a stomachache feel better. Step 4 is to think about the findings—think about what happened when you made tests. Step 5 is to draw a conclusion—and share it with others. 27．Why does the writer use the example of the sun and the earth in Paragraph 1? A．To show what non-scientific thinking is like. B．To prove that the sun travels around the earth. C．To help people explain the world around them. D．To tell us people in ancient times were clever. 28．What do you know about the steps in scientific thinking? A．Many findings are from what you see. B．Conclusions usually come from testing. C．Interviewing is a quick way to get answers. D．Questions are more important than answers. 29．What is the passage mainly about? A．The reasons why scientific thinking is more popular. B．The possible explanations for non-scientific thinking. C．The differences between scientific and non-scientific thinking. D．The conclusions made by scientific and non-scientific thinking. 【答案】 27．A 28．B 29．C 【导语】 本文主要讲述的是什么是非科学思维以及如何正确运用科学方法从而得出正确的结论。 27．推理判断题。根据“So they believed that the sun traveled around the earth. Going directly from observation (观察) to conclusion (结论) is called non-scientific thinking.”可知举例子是论证非科学思维是什么样子的。故选A。 28．推理判断题。根据“he five steps in the scientific method begin by questioning an observation, and end with a conclusion that is based on evidence.”可知，得出结论要依靠证据进行测试。故选B。 29．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是什么是非科学思维以及如何正确运用科学方法从而得出正确的结论。故选C。 （B） Teens (青少年) will have a duty on caring for the environment. However, according to a new study, teens’ low interest in nature may be something we should worry about. The study finds that teenagers’ interest in nature wanes. Researchers asked 1,269 students, ages 8 to 14, to take part in an online survey across four weeks in March 2017. The questions were designed to help researchers tell how much the kids’ interest is in nature. The findings show that for children ages 8 to 11, one out of two felt very close to nature. However, in the older age group, only one in five felt the same closeness. How did this happen? Natural reasons, such as the beginning of puberty (青春期) and hormonal changes, could lad to teens’ changing interests. Experts note other reasons could include teens’ activities, such as spots and spending time with friends, which could take more of teens’ attention. And of course, computers and technology also take their attention. The effects (影响) of nature on our health are too many to be told. The findings said that spending time in parks, forests and other green spaces as a child lowered the risk (降低风险) of developing a number of heath problems. Kids’ interest in nature is not just good for themselves, but to others, and the world as a whole. So it is important to help kids keep an interest in nature. There are many ways that parents can play a part. You can encourage kids to spend time outdoors doing fun activities or visit places that focus on the beauty of nature. You can also set an example for your teens. Recycling and volunteering to help clean up the community show that you are interested in protecting the environment, and that will influence (影响) teens as well. 30．What does the underlined word “wanes” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A．Goes up. B．Gets larger. C．Stays fixed. D．Becomes weaker. 31．What can you learn from Paragraph 3? A．Computers take most of teens’ attention. B．Teens spend too much time doing sports. C．Natural reasons could change teens’ interest in nature. D．Teens’ activities are the main reason for their problems. 32．Paragraph 4 mainly talks about ________. A．the ideas about nature protection B．the effects of nature on the world C．what places are important for health D．why kids’ interest in nature is helpful 33．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To tell kids some ways to solve natural problems. B．To advise parents to help teens keep an interest in nature. C．To ask teachers to help students protect the environment. D．To encourage children to learn more about the environment. 【答案】 30．D 31．C 32．D 33．B 【导语】 本文主要分析了青少年对自然兴趣减退的现象及原因，建议父母帮助青少年保持对大自然的兴趣。 30．词义猜测题。根据“The findings show that for children ages 8 to 11, one out of two felt very close to nature. However, in the older age group, only one in five felt the same closeness.”可知，随着年龄增长，孩子对自然的亲密度下降，故选D。 31．推理判断题。根据“Natural reasons, such as the beginning of puberty (青春期) and hormonal changes, could lad to teens’ changing interests.”可知，自然原因，如青春期的开始和荷尔蒙的变化，可能导致青少年兴趣的变化。C选项“自然原因可能会改变青少年对自然的兴趣。”符合，故选C。 32．主旨大意题。根据“The effects (影响) of nature on our health...Kids’ interest in nature is not just good for themselves, but to others, and the world as a whole.”可知，第四段主要孩子对自然感兴趣的好处，故选D。 33．推理判断题。根据“So it is important to help kids keep an interest in nature. There are many ways that parents can play a part.”可知，作者写这篇文章主要是建议父母帮助青少年保持对大自然的兴趣，故选B。 北京市延庆区2023-2024学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试题 3、 阅读理解 （A） Turn this book upside down and hold it up to a mirror. Now try to read the words. With the letters reversed (颠倒的), it’s very difficult to understand. Many people with dyslexia (阅读困难症) see words on the pages this way. Certain letters might look backwards or upside down or the words might seem to “jump” around. Dyslexia is a condition that influences a person’s ability to read, write, spell, and listen. Someone with dyslexia has a hard time making the connection between the way letters look and the sounds of words. Though learning may be more difficult for kids with dyslexia, it doesn’t mean that they aren’t smart. It means they have trouble translating what they see, hear, or write, into meaningful information. So, what causes dyslexia? Scientists believe a trouble in the brain makes decoding (编译) languages difficult for some people. Although there is no cure for it, some doctors think that if caught early, dyslexia can be dealt with (应对). One way to do this is by teaching readers to sound out words, build up vocabulary, and practice reading. Many dyslexic people discover their own ways, such as listening to books on tape or asking for more time to complete tests. 27．The writer lets us read the book in the mirror to ________. A．play a funny game B．study different words C．show that reading is useful for us D．see how people with dyslexia read 28．Why is it hard for people with dyslexia to read and write? A．They are not hardworking. B．They are not clever enough. C．They have trouble seeing films with others. D．They have trouble understanding information. 29．What can we know from the passage? A．Dyslexia can be dealt with if it is found out early. B．It’s good for dyslexic people to take some medicine. C．Someone with dyslexia enjoys reading upside down. D．It’s important for dyslexic people to protect their eyes. 【答案】 27．D 28．D 29．A 【导语】 本文是一篇科普说明文。文章介绍了阅读困难症。 27．细节理解题。根据“Many people with dyslexia (阅读困难症) see words on the pages this way. Certain letters might look backwards or upside down or the words might seem to ‘jump’ around.”可知是为了看看有阅读困难症的人是如何阅读的，故选D。 28．细节理解题。根据“It means they have trouble translating what they see, hear, or write, into meaningful information.”可知是指他们在理解信息方面有困难。故选D。 29．细节理解题。根据“some doctors think that if caught early, dyslexia can be dealt with”可知一些医生认为，如果及早发现，阅读障碍是可以被治疗的。故选A。 （B） Sometimes it can be a little difficult to learn a foreign language, especially as the beginners. There are some suggestions about how to learn a foreign language. When you speak a foreign language, it’s common to have an accent. That’s all right—other people can usually understand what you are saying, so take it easy. It’s a good idea to listen more and try to communicate with other speakers. It’s a good way to make your pronunciation better and improve your speaking skills. If you see a new word and you don’t know what it means, you can sometimes guess the meaning from words you know, or you can look it up in a dictionary. A lot of good language learners try not to translate things from their first language. Translation is sometimes a good idea. But you should try to think in the foreign language if you can. It’s also common to make mistakes. When your teacher corrects (改正) a mistake in your writing or speaking, think about it and try to see the reason. But it’s more important to imitate. You can watch and listen to some videos, repeat what you hear, and don’t be afraid to speak. There are many other ways you can take to improve your ability to learn a foreign language. If you can take the advice and carry on, you will make great progress. 30．The underlined word “imitate” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”. A．put up B．look up C．model after D．run after 31．What can we know from the passage? A．It’s easy for the beginners to learn a foreign language. B．We can guess the meaning if we come across a new word. C．We can take notes carefully when teachers correct our mistakes. D．Good language learners translate things from their first language. 【答案】 30．C 31．B 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何学习外语提出了几点建议。 30．词义猜测题。根据第四段“You can watch and listen to some videos, repeat what you hear, and don’t be afraid to speak.”可知，你可以看和听一些视频，重复你听到的，不要害怕说话；据此可以推断“imitate”意为“仿效，重复，模仿”，与选项C“以……为模范，仿效，效仿”意义相符。故选C。 31．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Sometimes it can be a little difficult to learn a foreign language, especially as the beginners.”可知，学习一门外语有时会有点困难，尤其是对初学者来说，选项A“对初学者来说，学习一门外语很容易。”与原文不符；根据第二段“If you see a new word and you don’t know what it means, you can sometimes guess the meaning from words you know, or you can look it up in a dictionary.”可知，遇到一个生词，但你有时可以根据你知道的单词猜它的意思，或者可以查字典，选项B“如果我们遇到一个生词，我们可以猜它的意思。”符合原文；根据第四段“When your teacher corrects a mistake in your writing or speaking, think about it and try to see the reason.”可知，当你的老师纠正你在写作或口语中的错误时，想想它并试着找出原因，选项C“当老师纠正我们的错误时，我们可以认真记笔记。”与原文不符；根据第三段“A lot of good language learners try not to translate things from their first language.”可知，很多优秀的语言学习者都尽量不把母语的东西翻译过来，选项D“很多优秀的语言学习者把母语的东西翻译过来。”与原文不符。故选B。 （C） Cooking can be a great hobby. After you have learned how to make some recipes (食谱), it is time to try something new! Putting different kinds of cooking together is a fun way to make new and interesting dishes. This kind of cooking makes new recipes using parts of old recipes. This idea has a long history. A long time ago, people who lived in one place usually cooked the same kinds of foods. They ate the same kinds of foods as their friends and families because those foods were easy to find or make. Since people did not move much from one place to another, these foods became part of the culture of a town, city, or country. Now, people move a lot. When they move from their homes to other countries, they bring their recipes with them. They mix together the tastes from their old recipes with the tastes from the new place. You do not have to move to new places to have fun with new kinds of food! You can use any recipe you want. But it is important to think about how different foods taste. Do you like ice cream? Ice cream is very sweet and it is easy to make in an ice cream maker. Green tea is tasty and can be used in many recipes. You can make green tea ice cream as a cool snack. But you do not need to stop with green tea and ice cream. You can make a meat recipe, too. If you like coconut milk, you can try making a delicious sauce for meat. Or, you can always make coconut ice cream! It’s delicious. 32．The cooking described in the passage uses ________. A．recipes to make something hot B．an ice cream maker for the recipes C．parts of recipes from different places D．expensive recipes to make food delicious 33．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．The History of Cooking B．A Great Hobby C．Putting Together the Best D．Green Tea or Coconut Milk 【答案】 32．C 33．C 【导语】 本文介绍了把不同的烹饪方法放在一起，是制作新的菜肴的一种有趣的方式，这种烹饪方法使用旧食谱的一部分来制作新食谱。 32．细节理解题。根据“This kind of cooking makes new recipes using parts of old recipes.”以及“They mix together the tastes from their old recipes with the tastes from the new place.”可知这种烹饪方法使用不同地区旧食谱的一部分来制作新食谱。故选C。 33．最佳标题。根据“Putting different kinds of cooking together is a fun way to make new and interesting dishes.”以及全文可知把不同的烹饪方法放在一起，是制作新的菜肴的一种有趣的方式。因此标题为“Putting Together the Best”，故选C。 北京市海淀区2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 四、阅读理解 （A） My hands were shaking as we waited for our turn. It felt like butterflies flying around in my stomach. Though we had practiced for months, I still felt kind of uneasy. “Are you ready?” Brittanie asked with a weak smile. “Of course I am!” I replied, trying to sound confident. “I guess I’m kind of nervous,” she said quietly. “Okay, so am I! But we’re on in about 30 seconds!” As I spoke, I heard the song end and people clapping their hands. “Deep breaths”, I thought to myself, “deep breaths”. Then my dance team lined up and we got onto the stage as if we owned it. In the back of my mind, I heard my teacher say, “Confidence is everything!” as she did when we spent long hours in the studio. We reached the center of the stage. I showed the judges my biggest smile, trying to hide my nervousness. I noticed that several of the judges wore listless expressions and one of them even seemed unhappy, which added to my discomfort on stage. A few seconds later, when I heard our familiar song in the speakers, I forgot my nervousness. The dance started with a few simple counts and a more challenging turn followed. To my complete surprise, my turns were perfect. Even my jumps were higher than usual! Our cheerful dance made us excited. Even the judges began dancing in their seats. The dance ended perfectly. Everyone stood up and cheered! That sense of pride was one of the best feelings I’ve ever had. I left the stage with a smile, knowing that I had performed my best. 22．How did the writer feel before she got onto the stage? A．Angry. B．Surprised. C．Uneasy. D．Peaceful. 23．According to the passage, what did the writer do on the stage? A．She tried some new moves. B．She talked to a dance teacher. C．She jumped as high as usual. D．She performed a cheerful dance. 24．We may feel the same as the writer did at the end of her dance ________. A．when we get good grades by working hard B．when we are expecting a letter from a pen pal C．when we make a big mistake in our homework D．when we break the glass before drinking water 【答案】 22．C 23．D 24．A 【导语】 本文主要讲述了作者参加比赛时由紧张到放松的过程。 22．细节理解题。根据“Though we had practiced for months, I still felt kind of uneasy.”可知作者感到有些不安，故选C。 23．细节理解题。根据“Our cheerful dance made us excited. Even the judges began dancing in their seats.”可知她跳了一段欢快的舞蹈，故选D。 24．推理判断题。根据“The dance started with a few simple counts and a more challenging turn followed. To my complete surprise, my turns were perfect. Even my jumps were higher than usual! Our cheerful dance made us excited. Even the judges began dancing in their seats.”可知当我们通过努力学习获得好成绩时，我们可能会和作者在舞蹈结束时的感觉一样，故选A。 （B） It’s easy to think “that will never happen to me,” but natural disasters (灾难) are becoming both more common and serious. Millions of families face floods, tornadoes and other natural disasters every year. In Australia, for example, its wildfires from 2019 to 2020 were caused by the high temperature and a drought (干旱), taking away the lives of hundreds of people and billions (十亿) of animals. While you can’t stop disasters from happening, you can stay safe during one if you know what to do. Flood Floods can happen very suddenly. Flood water can be deeper than it looks. It can carry you away, so stay away! Glass, snakes, and dirty things can be in flood water. They can make you sick, so don’t drink it even if you are thirsty. Tornado A tornado happens during some storms. If there’s a tornado warning, go someplace, such as a small and sturdy (结实的) bathroom, which is safe from the wind and flying things. Remember to keep away from windows or anything heavy that might fall on1 you. Get down low and cover your head with your arms. Earthquake You can stay safe during an earthquake by moving away from things that might fall. Get down under something that's strong if you can't rush out of the building right away. Protect your neck and head with your arm. If you're outside, go to an open space. Stay away from trees or anything that might fall over and hurt you. Bushfire Bushfires, also known as wildfires, are common across the world during the hotter months. It is important that you try to stay calm in a bushfire. Some fires can start so quickly that they threaten (威胁) homes and lives within minutes, so your safest choice is always to leave early. You'd better prepare an emergency survival kit and have it handy at all times. No one wants to be caught in a dangerous and extreme situation. If the unthinkable does take place, having a plan and knowing what to do could make all the difference for you and your loved ones. 25．The writer mentions Australian wildfires to show ________. A．a natural disaster will never happen to us B．the fires can cause the death of people and animals C．natural disasters are becoming more and more serious D．the high temperature and a drought may lead to wildfires 26．When disasters happen, what can you do to keep safe? A．Drink flood water if you are thirsty when a flood happens. B．Stop moving and wait for other people’s help in a bushfire. C．Stay away from windows or flying things when a tornado comes. D．Stay under the trees after getting out of buildings in an earthquake. 27．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．The Predictions about Natural Disasters B．The Ways to Keep Safe in Natural Disasters C．The Reasons Why Natural Disasters Happen D．The Types of Natural Disasters around the World 【答案】 25．C 26．C 27．B 【导语】 本文介绍了自然灾害中保持安全的方法。 25．细节理解题。根据“Millions of families face floods, tornadoes and other natural disasters every year. In Australia, for example, its wildfires from 2019 to 2020 were caused by the high temperature and a drought (干旱), taking away the lives of hundreds of people and billions (十亿) of animals.”可知，是为了告诉读者自然灾害变得越来越严重。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据“If there’s a tornado warning, go someplace, such as a small and sturdy (结实的) bathroom, which is safe from the wind and flying things. Remember to keep away from windows or anything heavy that might fall on1 you. Get down low and cover your head with your arms.”可知，当龙卷风来临时，远离窗户或飞的东西。故选C。 27．最佳标题。根据“While you can’t stop disasters from happening, you can stay safe during one if you know what to do.”可知，文章主要介绍了自然灾害中保持安全的方法。B选项为最佳标题。故选B。 （C） Is Losing Weight an Important Health Goal? Advertisements, pop culture and even doctors can talk about health and weight as if they are one and the same: smaller bodies are healthier, and larger bodies must be unhealthy. But neither health nor bodies are that simple, and health can differ from person to person. “A higher body mass index (BMI) has to do with health conditions like diabetes (糖尿病)”, said Philipp Scherer, a professor at the University of Texas. “However, it’s not that clear when researchers look at a single person.” People in smaller bodies can develop heart disease or diabetes, and plenty of people in larger bodies are considered completely metabolically (新陈代谢地) healthy. “It’s just a result of our genetic heterogeneity (遗传异质性) and how we do with calories (卡路里) more than needed,” he added. Dr. Asher Larmie, a doctor in the UK noted, “BMI is just one of many factors causing changes in a person’s well-being. Medical care, environment, society and biology make up most of the factors that decide our health. We can’t take one look at a person's body and get a sense of their health. Can we see somebody’s medical records? Are we talking to their doctors? And often health is honestly sometimes out of our control (控制). There are so many illnesses that people just develop. ” Then, how can we really keep healthy? Health is decided by many factors. Not falling ill is one, but so are staying mentally (精神地) healthy, keeping active social networks, getting enough sleep and lowering stress. Taking in fewer calories or cutting out certain foods may be bad for your health if it hurts your mental health or keeps you from enjoying time with friends and family. “Weight loss doesn’t mean that you’ll necessarily get healthy. Sometimes how you lose weight could also be detrimental to your health. You may become unhealthy because of dieting,” said Charles Spence, a professor from the University of Oxford. “We should improve our health by moving more, sleeping better, stressing less and eating the foods your body is telling you that you need,” Larmie added. 28．What can we learn about health according to Dr. Asher Larmie? A．Health is greatly under our control. B．We can tell if people are healthy from their BMI. C．Medical care is the most important for people’s health. D．Many factors have to do with people’s health conditions. 29．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．mental health is less important than physical health B．our lifestyle plays a very important role in our health C．losing weight is a common way to help us keep healthy D．sleeping better and stressing less can help us lose weight 30．The words “be detrimental to” in Paragraph 5 probably mean “________”. A．improve B．harm C．serve D．describe 31．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To show us some useful ways to lose weight. B．To tell us the importance of keeping healthy. C．To make us clear on the relation between health and weight. D．To call on us to keep a smaller body size through exercising. 【答案】 28．D 29．B 30．B 31．C 【导语】 本文主要告诉读者，让我们清楚健康和体重之间的关系。 28．细节理解题。根据“BMI is just one of many factors causing changes in a person’s well—being. Medical care, environment, society and biology make up most of the factors that decide our health. We can’t take one look at a person’s body and get a sense of their health.”可知，医疗保健、环境以及社会等等都会影响我们的健康，因此我们可以了解到许多因素与人们的健康状况有关。故选D。 29．推理判断题。根据“Not falling ill is one, but so are staying mentally (精神地) healthy, keeping active social networks, getting enough sleep and lowering stress. Taking in fewer calories or cutting out certain foods may be bad for your health if it hurts your mental health or keeps you from enjoying time with friends and family.”可知，保持精神健康、充足的睡眠以及健康的饮食等等这些都是好的生活方式，因此可推知我们的生活方式对我们的健康起着非常重要的作用。故选B。 30．词义猜测题。根据“Weight loss doesn’t mean that you’ll necessarily get healthy. Sometimes how you lose weight could also be detrimental to your health.”减肥并不意味着你一定会变得健康。有时你减肥的方式也可能对你的健康有害。可知划线处是“有害的”。故选B。 31．主旨大意题。根据“Advertisements, pop culture and even doctors can talk about health and weight as if they are one and the same: smaller bodies are healthier, and larger bodies must be unhealthy. But neither health nor bodies are that simple, and health can differ from person to person.”可知，健康和身体的关系并不是那么简单，是因人而异的，文章主要告诉读者健康和体重之间的关系。故选C。 北京市东城区2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 三、阅读理解 （A） Nowadays, some schools teach traditional subjects like math, geography, and language, but they also teach life skills(技能). Life skills classes teach students how to keep their rooms clean and tidy, take care of their health, and have healthy personal relationships(关系). Some people say these classes prepare students better for life in the real world. But other people say these classes aren’t important. Students should only pay attention to how to get into university. What do you think? Some people like the idea of teaching life skills in schools. They believe that life skills classes give students what they need to know to live on their own, whether they go to college or get a job after high school. They help prepare students for everyday real-life situations, such as cooking a meal and managing money. Many of these classes also teach “soft skills”, like how to listen and talk to people in a positive(积极的) way, which are important in the workplace and in personal relationships. As students learn more life skills, they become more confident in themselves. On the other hand, some people argue that there is no time for more subjects at school. They think it’s more important to teach traditional subjects than life skills at school. Many students choose not to take life skills classes because these classes don’t improve their chances of getting into university. People also think it should be the job of parents to teach their kids what they need to know at home. Personally, I think we already learn many life skills while doing traditional subjects. For example, we learn teamwork by doing group work, and organizing(安排) our homework teaches us how to use our time well. I believe all schools should teach life skills. It would not need too much work because there is no need to teach them separately(分开地) from traditional subjects. This will make sure that students are better prepared for college and work when they leave school. 27．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The different ways to live on your own. B．The school experience of learning life skills. C．The situation that calls for learning life skills. D．The advantages of learning life skills in school. 28．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．schools need to give more time to life skills classes B．parents’ first job is to teach their children life skills C．students can learn life skills in their traditional subjects D．teachers should learn life skills together with their students 29．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Life Skills: How Do Students Build Them? B．Life Skills: Should School Teach Them? C．Life Skills: Who Should Learn Them? D．Life Skills: Are They Important? 【答案】 27．D 28．C 29．B 【导语】 本文介绍了是否应该教授生活技能课。 27．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Some people like the idea of teaching life skills in schools. They believe that life skills classes give students what they need to know to live on their own…As students learn more life skills, they become more confident in themselves.”可知，学习生活技能能让学生为日常生活做好准备，能让他们学到很多“软技能”等等，因此本段讲述的是在学校学习生活技能的优势。故选D。 28．细节理解题。根据“Personally, I think we already learn many life skills while doing traditional subjects.”可知，作者认为学生可以在传统课程中学习生活技能。故选C。 29．最佳标题题。根据文章内容可知，本文介绍了是否应该教授生活技能课。故选B。 （B） Are you someone who enjoys listening to music? If so, you’re doing something good for your mind and body. Scientists believe that music has something to do with people's feelings. Valorie N. Salimpoor has studied music and the human brain(大脑) at McGill University. She has found that listening to pleasant music causes healthy changes in the brain. These changes make people feel excited, happy, and satisfied. Researchers in Germany have found that listening to music can boost a person’s mood. In other words, music can cheer you up when you’re feeling sad. Music can also lower stress and help you worry less. That’s according to the scientists from the USA． Music is also good for your body. For example, a study called “From Music-Beat(节拍) to Heart-Beat” showed that music can lower blood pressure(血压), which is good for your health. What’s more, music gets the blood pumping(血液循环) when you exercise. A group of scientists from Spain and Brazil have found that people run faster and longer when they listen to music. Music can help you bike faster too. British scientists studied bikers who listened to music with a fast beat. While riding, the faster the beat was, the faster the bikers rode. How else is music good for your health? It can help you get better sleep. That’s according to a research study called “Music Improves(改善) Sleep Quality in Students”. This study looked at college students who had a difficult time sleeping. Some of the students were told to listen to relaxing classical music before bedtime. Those students slept better and even felt happier. Scientists in Finland, England, and the United States have shown that music helps students learn. Listening to music can help you when you’re learning something new. It can also help you better remember what you’ve learned. It can even help when you take a test, according to a British study. Students who listened to background(背景的) music during a test answered more test questions. They got more of the answers correct too. Music is more than a beautiful art form. It can make your lives better. It can improve your mood, your health, and even your grades. In short, it’s good for you. So make time for music, and you won’t be sorry! 30．The words “boost a person’s mood” in Paragraph 2 probably mean “________”. A．help a person feel better B．make a person relax C．change a person’s life D．keep a person’s brain healthy 31．What can we learn from the research study in Paragraph 4? A．Music helps college students understand the importance of sleep. B．A certain kind of music improves sleep for college students. C．College students are too busy to listen to music at night. D．College students listen to classical music the most. 32．If there is background music playing during a test, students will ________. A．be more worried B．fall asleep during the test C．get their blood pumping D．increase their test scores 33．What is the writer’s main purpose(目的) in writing this passage? A．To teach people how to enjoy music. B．To suggest that people listen to music. C．To describe the scientists’ love of music. D．To show the importance of music in students’ lives. 【答案】 30．A 31．B 32．D 33．D 【导语】 本文讲述了音乐的重要性。 30．词义猜测题。根据“She has found that listening to pleasant music causes healthy changes in the brain. These changes make people feel excited, happy, and satisfied. Researchers in Germany have found that listening to music can boost a person’s mood.”（她发现，听好听的音乐会使大脑发生健康的变化。这些变化会让人感到兴奋、快乐和满足。德国的研究人员发现，听音乐可以提高人的情绪。）可知，第二段中的“boost a persons mood”可能是指“帮助一个人感觉更好”。故选A。 31．推理判断题。根据“How else is music good for your health? It can help you get better sleep.”（音乐对你的健康还有什么好处？它可以帮助你获得更好的睡眠。）可知，从第4段的研究中我们可以学到“某种音乐可以改善大学生的睡眠”。故选B。 32．细节理解题。根据“Students who listened to background(背景的) music during a test answered more test questions. They got more of the answers correct too.”（在考试中听背景音乐的学生回答了更多的考试问题。他们也得到了更多正确的答案。）可知，如果考试期间有背景音乐播放，学生会提高他们的考试分数。故选D。 33．推理判断题。根据“Music is more than a beautiful art form. It can make your lives better. It can improve your mood, your health, and even your grades. In short, it's good for you. So make time for music, and you won’t be sorry!”（音乐不仅仅是一种美丽的艺术形式。它可以让你的生活变得更好。它可以改善你的情绪、健康，甚至你的成绩。总之，它对你有好处。所以，腾出时间听音乐，你不会感到遗憾！）可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是展示音乐在学生生活中的重要性。故选D。 北京市西城区等5地2022-2023学年八年级上学期期末英语试题 四、阅读理解 （A） Everyone knows and feels proud of national heroes and famous leaders. But there are those everyday young heroes who just make a difference when the need suddenly happens. The yellow school bus is such a known and important part of childhood. Parents would always tell kids to pay more attention of the safety before getting on the bus. The ride is the beginning of a weekday and there are no teachers around. It’s just a time for short sleeps and joking with friends. Studies even show that teenagers aren’t really awake and watchful until around 8: 30, when the school bus arrives at the school gate. So 13-year-old Jeremy Wuitschick had to be a true hero for saving the school bus from an accident when other students were sleepy or just had small talks. It was a common morning in April 2012. Jeremy was sitting in his usual place only a few seats from the front when he saw the driver suddenly slump down(倒下) . The bus kept going along the road, but the driver’s hands had left the wheel and nothing was guiding the school bus. Without thinking, the seventh grader Jeremy Wuitschick jumped into actions, holding the controls and leading to the side of the road. He couldn’t break the bus—he couldn’t reach the pedals(脚踏). But he managed to bring the bus to a stop by pulling the keys out. Other kids on the bus dialed 911. And one of Jeremy’s classmates, Johnny Wood, praised himself to be a hero as well, performing CPR(心肺复苏) on the driver until help arrived. Thanked to Jeremy Wuitschick and his classmates’ timely help, the driver and all the students were safe. The dictionary meaning of a hero is: “a person of great courage or ability, beloved for his or her brave actions and unusual qualities.” It is certain that Jeremy is a young hero by his great courage and quick thinking. 21．How did Jeremy Wuitschick save lives? A．He warned all the students to get out of the bus quickly. B．He pulled the keys out and managed the car to a safer place. C．He asked the driver to stop the car by stepping on the pedals. D．He guided the school bus with the driver’s hands on the wheel. 22．What can you learn from the passage? A．Teachers should be on the school bus. B．The driver fell asleep on that morning. C．Parents like talking on the school bus. D．The kids gave different helps for the driver. 23．Why does the writer write this passage? A．To introduce some ways to meet difficulties. B．To tell the driver the importance of safety C．To show people the problems of school buses. D．To encourage the young to do right actions. 【答案】 21．B 22．D 23．D 【导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了Jeremy坐黄色校车去上学时，司机突然倒下了，他勇敢地采取正确的行动，救下了司机和所有学生，其他的孩子们也为司机提供了不同的帮助。 21．细节理解题。根据第四段“But he managed to bring the bus to a stop by pulling the keys out.”可知，他拔出钥匙，设法使公共汽车停了下来。故选B。 22．细节理解题。根据第四段“Other kids on the bus dialed 911. And one of Jeremy’s classmates, Johnny Wood, praised himself to be a hero as well, performing CPR(心肺复苏) on the driver until help arrived. Thanked to Jeremy Wuitschick and his classmates’ timely help, the driver and all the students were safe.”可知，孩子们为司机提供了不同的帮助。故选D。 23．推理判断题。根据第一段和最后一段可知，作者鼓励年轻人在突发事件时，采取正确的行动。故选D。 （B） ①Have you ever heard that groundhogs can predict（预测）the end of winter? How about that elephants never forget things? Or that dogs can smell the strange? That may not be 100% true. However, many animals do have stronger senses than humans. ②Do animals have a sixth sense that can tell the future? That may sound out of this world. However, many events seem to support this idea. ③Thousands of years ago, a big earthquake hit Helike, Greece. Buildings were in ruins. Many people were hurt. But there was something interesting. The city’s animals acted strangely days before the earthquake. Rats and snakes ran from the city in groups. Did they know an earthquake was coming? In 1975, one million people had to leave their hometown, Haicheng, Liaoning Province with the help of Chinese government. Why? They believed a disaster（灾难）was coming. They thought this, in part, because of animals’ strange behaviours. Just days later, a large earthquake hit the city. Experts（专家）said 150, 000 could have lost their lives if people stayed in the city at that time. In December 2004, the animals of Sri Lanka were acting strange. Elephants ran around. Dogs wouldn’t go outside. Zoo animals wouldn’t leave their home. Soon after people saw these strange behaviours, a tsunami hit the island. ④Animals seem to be pretty good at predicting disasters. But it doesn’t stop there! Some of them even seem to sense small changes in the weather before they happen. Bees are known to find places before it rains. Dairy farmers say they can tell a big storm is coming when their cows lie down. Cats and dogs are also said to know when a storm is on its way, as are birds and turtles. Can animals really tell the future? ⑤Experts say it’s unlikely that animals can tell the future. However, they might hear or feel the earthquake before people do. Even though scientists have not proved animals have the ability to predict disasters before they happen and animals’ predictions aren’t always right, it’s not bad to pay attention to the animals. 27．According to the passage, we know many animals ________. A．can tell the future in different ways B．have better sense abilities than humans C．act strangely after some natural disasters D．use the sixth sense to predict earthquakes 28．The word “behaviours” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”. A．actions B．senses C．ideas D．changes 29．What’s Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．Animals are good at helping farmers. B．Animals are good at finding their homes. C．Animals seem to know the future problems. D．Animals seem to know the weather changes. 30．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Can Animals Predict the Future? B．Do Animals Have Stronger Senses? C．How Do Animals Save People’s Life? D．What Are Animals’ Ways to Tell the Future? 【答案】 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．A 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讨论了动物是否能够预知未来，尤其是否能够预测自然灾害。 27．细节理解题。根据“However, many animals do have stronger senses than humans.”可知动物的感官比人类要灵敏。故选B。 28．词句猜测题。根据“The city’s animals acted strangely days before the earthquake. Rats and snakes ran from the city in groups.”可知人们是根据动物的奇怪行为，预测到了灾难，猜测behaviours意为“行为”。故选A。 29．主旨大意题。根据“Animals seem to be pretty good at predicting disasters. But it doesn’t stop there! Some of them even seem to sense small changes in the weather before they happen.”可知这一段主要在讲动物可以感知到天气的微妙变化。故选D。 30．最佳标题题。通读全文可知文章主要讨论了动物是否能够预知未来，尤其是否能够预测自然灾害。选项A“动物可以预知未来吗？”符合主旨。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$