2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试考前模拟试卷英语(五)-2024年高考英语考前模拟试卷

线 封 弥 学 校 班 级 姓 名 考 号 考 试 科 目 弥 封 线 内 不 准 答 题 写作 第二节 Paragraph 1: Then, I rushed to the school bus filled with children蒺s cries. Paragraph 2: After the ambulance had left, two policemen asked me about the accident. 请在各题目的答题区域内作答， 超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效 非选择题 2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试考前模拟试卷 英语 （五） 答题卡 请在各题目的答题区域内作答， 超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效 贴条形码区 姓 名 准 考 证 号 1. 答卷前， 考生须在答题卡和试题卷上规定的位置， 准确填写本人姓 名、 准考证号， 并核对准条形码上的信息。 确认无误后， 将条形码 粘贴在答题卡上相应位置。 2. 选择题必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂； 非选择题必须使用黑色字迹的签字笔 或钢笔作答， 字体工整、 笔迹清楚。 3. 考生必须在答题卡各题目的规定答题区域内答题， 超出答题区域范 围书写的答案无效； 在草稿纸、 试题卷上答题无效。 4. 保持卡面清洁， 不准折叠、 不得损坏。 填 涂 样 例 正确填涂 注 意 事 项 选择题 36. 37. 38. 3９. 40. 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 写作 第一节 My Dream Job 考生禁填 缺考考生， 由监考员贴条形码， 并 用 2B 铅笔填涂右面的缺考标记 非选择题 1. A B C D 6. A B C D 11. A B C D 16. A B C D E F G 2. A B C D 7. A B C D 12. A B C D 17. A B C D E F G 3. A B C D 8. A B C D 13. A B C D 18. A B C D E F G 4. A B C D 9. A B C D 14. A B C D 19. A B C D E F G 5. A B C D 10. A B C D 15. A B C D 20. A B C D E F G 21. A B C D 26. A B C D 31. A B C D 22. A B C D 27. A B C D 32. A B C D 23. A B C D 28. A B C D 33. A B C D 24. A B C D 29. A B C D 34. A B C D 25. A B C D 30. A B C D 35. A B C D 29 线 封 弥 学 校 班 级 姓 名 考 号 考 试 科 目 弥 封 线 内 不 准 答 题 2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试考前模拟试卷 英语 （五） （满分 120 分， 考试时间 100 分钟） 第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节， 满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题； 每小题 2.5 分， 满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项 （ A 、 B 、 C 和 D ） 中， 选出最佳选项。 A What are the best gardens in Ireland to visit? The answer is: everywhere. Brigit蒺s Garden The garden sits on 11 magical acres of natural woodlands and wildflower areas. The garden areas take you on a walk through ancient Celtic seasons. This is an educational area and it provides tours and walking groups with lessons for the local schools. There is a super cafe on site. When you have finished exploring, you can enjoy a snack or a cup of coffee. Caheer Bridge Garden An award鄄winning garden in County Clare, this garden is created around an old restore cottage on the river. It has been featured in several publications including The Irish Times and is open for viewing by appointment only. It is also an area known for its challenging weather systems, constant westerly winds, and lack of naturally growing plants and trees. Helen Dillon蒺s Garden Starting her career as a junior assistant to other famous gardeners working at a gardening ma鄄 gazine and cultivating her own grounds for over 40 years, Helen has authored several books on gar鄄 dening and has been quoted as claiming that gardening is a constant editing process and that what you take out can be as important as what you put in. The Dillon蒺s garden reflects Helen蒺s constantly changing style and is open to the public to view and tour. Bellfield Garden Covering almost one complete hectare and featuring a victorian glass house, Bellfield Garden has become a popular visitors spot. It has been listed as one of the best 10 gardens in Ireland and has an impressive water feature. As a popular vacation destination, the grounds contain cottages that are fashioned from the old farmhouses where visitors may stay. 1. In which garden can you experience education? A. Bellfield Garden. B. Brigit蒺s Garden. C. Helen Dillon蒺s Garden. D. Caheer Bridge Garden. 英语 （五） 第 1 页 （共 8 页） 英语 （五） 第 2 页 （共 8 页） 2. What is Bellfield Garden famous for? A. Snacks. B. Books. C. Water. D. Weather. 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A story book. B. A magazine. C. A science book. D. A tour guide. B Anna Du, a Chinese鄄American middle school student, grew up with a hunger for knowledge and a passion for making the earth a better place. Now, at just 16 years old, she蒺s already making in鄄 credible contributions. It all started when her parents would regularly get her involved in MIT蒺s student outreach （外 展服务） activities on weekends when she was just a child. Here, she learned all about the STEM （ science, technology, engineering and math ） industry. Growing up, she used her talents to enter all kinds of science fairs and competitions, earning herself the title of top鄄rated female middle schooler in science fairs in the country. One of her biggest contributions, however, has to be the remote鄄operated vehicle （ ROV ） she entered into the Broadcom Masters competition at 12. Inspired by the Curiosity lander that spies on the surface of Mars, Anna made a similar version out of PVC pipes. But rather than being built for space, hers was built to move through water and scan the ocean floors. The coolest part is the detec鄄 tion system. Using a high鄄resolution infrared （红外线 ） camera and three different kinds of light, the ROV is able to differentiate between microplastics, the broken鄄down byproduct of plastic items we cast away every day, and plant life. Although Anna蒺s remarkable invention didn蒺t win, she hasn蒺t come close to giving up on her ROV. In fact, she蒺s been striding towards it. With 8 million tons of plastic being thrown into the ocean annually, the work Anna is doing has the potential to significantly improve the conditions of our waters and, in turn, our quality of life. Anna hopes to make people aware of the environmental issues we face in addition to educating them on ways they can help. That蒺s why this multi鄄talented 16鄄year鄄old has written a book that does both of those things called Microplastics and Me. “ This book could inspire a generation of inventors and engineers, ” the description reads. 4. What does Paragraph 2 mainly say about Anna? A. Her natural gift for science. B. Her educational background. C. Her desire for competitions. D. Her love of the STEM industry. 5. What is the ROV mainly used to do? A. Compete against the Curiosity lander. B. Monitor the microplastics in the ocean. C. Explain the advantages of PVC pipes. D. Prevent sea life from being polluted. 25 弥 封 线 弥 封 线 内 不 准 答 题 6. Which can replace the underlined phrase “ striding towards ” in Paragraph 4? A. preserving B. recognizing C. designing D. improving 7. What can we learn from Anna蒺s story? A. Fame is a great thirst of the young. B. A youth is to be regarded with respect. C. Positive thinking and action result in success. D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied. C A California company called Rocket Lab used a helicopter （直升机） to grab a huge booster section of a rocket out of the air as it fell from space. Rocket Lab蒺s Electron rocket uses two stages to lift what it is carrying into orbit around the Earth. Peter Beck, who leads Rocket Lab, says that the first stage of the rocket is responsible for 80% of the costs. That蒺s why Rocket Lab is working to try to save and reuse its first stage boosters. The company SpaceX already has a system for reusing boosters. Using special engines, SpaceX蒺s Falcon 9 rocket boosters slow themselves down as they fall to Earth, and land in a controlled way. But Rocket Lab蒺s rockets are far smaller and can蒺t carry the fuel needed to return in this way. Rocket Lab has recovered some boosters from the ocean, but the salty sea water can damage boosters and make them hard to reuse safely. This time, Rocket Lab used a flying helicopter to catch the booster as it fell back to Earth. After launching and helping push the rocket蒺s payload of 34 satellites into orbit, it reached a top height of about 80 kilometers above Earth. Then it began falling, reaching speeds as fast as 8,400 kph. One side of the booster had special protection against the heat to keep it from burning up. It was able to stand temperatures as hot as 2,370 ℃. Once it slowed down enough, a small parachute （降落伞） was opened to slow it down even more. Finally, an even larger parachute was opened, making it drop slowly enough to allow it to be caught by the helicopter. After a few moments, the helicopter pilots realized that the weight of the booster was pulling in a way that was unsafe. They released the booster, which was later recovered from the sea. Peter Beck hopes that by learning from what happened this time, the next time the helicopter will be able to safely take the booster to a nearby boat. 8. Why did Rocket Lab try to grab the booster section of a rocket? A. To beat up SpaceX. B. To test its special engines. C. To reduce the launch cost. D. To fuel it in a controlled way. 9. When did the helicopter begin to grab the booster? A. When the helicopter began landing at 8,400 kph. B. When it reached 80 kilometers above the earth. C. When it could stand the temperature of 2,370 ℃. D. When the second parachute slowed it enough. 10. Why did the helicopter pilots let the booster fall into the sea? A. To avoid an accident. B. To cool it down. C. To observe its landing speed. D. To make the boat spot it easily. 11. Where can the text be found? A. In a novel. B. In a biography. C. In a newspaper. D. In a textbook. D Coral reefs （礁） are filled with a diverse range of marine lives. Some fish are more beautiful to humans than others, and their outward appearance could be influencing how we decide which species to protect. The fish humans find the ugliest are the most ecologically and evolutionarily （进 化上） distinct. But perhaps more importantly, the uglier species are also more likely to be threat鄄 ened, according to a new paper published in the journal PLOS Biology. Researchers showed 481 photographs of ray鄄finned reef fishes to 13,000 members of the public. With that data, they then trained a computer model to generate subsequent predictions for an addi鄄 tional 4,400 photographs of 2,417 of the most common reef fish species. They next compared the aesthetic （审美的） rating of each species with other characteristics, including evolutionary history, distinctiveness from other fish, conservation position and importance to fisheries. After analyzing the numbers, researchers found that the fish humans rated as the most beautiful tended to be less ecologically and evolutionarily distinct. Prettier fish were also more likely to be listed as species of “ least concern ” on the International Union for Conservation of Nature （ IUCN ） Red List. On the contrary, the fish that humans found to be the least attractive were the most ecologically and evolutionarily distinct, and they were more likely to be listed as “ threatened ” on the IUCN Red List. Unattractive species also tended to be more important to commercial fisheries, which puts them at higher risk of overfishing. When conservation funding and energy is limited, uglier fish are likely to be overshadowed by more beautiful fish. It蒺s not surprising that humans are easily attracted by beautiful wildlife, but the findings point to important mismatches between potential public support for conservation and the species most in need of this support. “ To minimize the impact of aesthetic biases （偏见） , scientists, conservation groups and poli鄄 cymakers may need to change how they communicate about wildlife, ” the researchers write in the paper. “ Making people more aware of the roles uglier fish play in reef ecosystems could help them gain more support. In other words, never judge a fish by its look. ” 12. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The focus of the study. B. The process of the study. C. The purpose of the study. D. The background of the study. 13. Why is there a stronger possibility that uglier fish will be overfished? A. They are much easier to hunt. B. They are financially valuable. C. They are ecologically distinct. D. They are rare and look special. 英语 （五） 第 3 页 （共 8 页） 英语 （五） 第 4 页 （共 8 页） 26 线 封 弥 学 校 班 级 姓 名 考 号 考 试 科 目 弥 封 线 内 不 准 答 题 14. Which of the following is suggested by the researchers? A. Building natural reserves worldwide for uglier fish. B. Attempting to raise people蒺s environmental awareness. C. Enriching the understanding of uglier fish蒺s appearance. D. Educating people on uglier fish蒺s ecological importance. 15. What might be the most suitable title for the text? A. Ugly fish need love, too B. Ugly fish matter, actually C. Reef ecosystems need care D. Coral reefs rely on various fish 第二节 （共 5 小题； 每小题 2.5 分， 满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Have you ever gotten goose bumps （鸡皮疙瘩） when you feel cold or someone sings beauti鄄 fully? 16 That蒺s why researchers are looking into the secret behind them. Goose bumps start in the part of the body called the sympathetic nervous system. 17 When you feel certain powerful feelings, your brain sends a signal （信号 ） through your nerves to the muscles （肌肉） in your skin to tighten up （收紧） . And then your hair stands on end and goose bumps form. 18 Long ago, humans had much more hair over their bodies than we do. Goose bumps would make their hair stand on end, trapping more heat close to their body. It helped them survive the cold. Besides, if ancient human beings were frightened or attacked by an animal, they would also get goose bumps. The goose bumps would blow up the hair all over their bodies. They would look larger and more frightening. 19 Then how are goose bumps related to music? As you may have experienced before, goose bumps can appear when you hear a love song or a classic song. One researcher Dr. Jaak Panksepp has a study about why people get goose bumps from music. 20 When people feel these strong feelings, their brains send out the same chemicals that tell the skin to form goose bumps. Next time you蒺re listening to your favorite song, just let the goose bumps do their job! A. So they could frighten animals away. B. Goose bumps helped our ancestors survive. C. You get goose bumps more often than you think. D. It means that you蒺re experiencing strong feelings. E. This system sends signals from your brain to your skin. F. People can feel sad or happy when they listen to music. G. That蒺s not the only reason why goose bumps are important. 第二部分 语言运用 （共两节， 满分 30 分） 第一节 完形填空 （共 15 小题； 每小题 1 分， 满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的 A 、 B 、 C 、 D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 This morning, my daughter, Helen, and I arrived at a town in Xi蒺an, China. We came to 21 my husband, James, who had landed a job. We had spent the past four years living in Hong Kong, China, after I 22 my job as a journalist in Sydney. When we saw James, he had never appeared so 23 . He happily kept sharing interesting things with us. The next day, James was busy with his work. So Helen and I 24 the new town on our own. We were 25 about everything on the street. Crowds of people had a strong 26 to know about us, too. A girl asked Helen, “ Where are you from? ” Helen began to 27 with her, and soon they seemed to be friends. With curly hair and blue eyes, Helen stood out in the 28 and was very popular. People paid too much attention to us, but they meant 29 . Walking around, I was 30 by the town. It was a typical Chinese town filled with traditional buildings and red lanterns lining the streets. With such a beautiful area right by our doorstep, I start鄄 ed to feel 31 about the future. After Helen 32 an international school in Xi蒺an city, I had a chance to communicate with some parents of different colors during the school run. Before long we became familiar and close, and I made a few 33 from all over the world. Regardless of （不管） 34 , we all shared the basic desire to be loved. After several years, our family 35 to Sydney, but I couldn蒺t get China off my mind. 21. A. meet up with B. break up with C. send for D. stand for 22. A. offered B. confirmed C. left D. got 23. A. grateful B. merry C. upset D. desperate 24. A. promoted B. dominated C. described D. explored 25. A. anxious B. sensitive C. curious D. honest 26. A. memory B. desire C. proposal D. evidence 27. A. talk B. work C. fight D. argue 28. A. classroom B. apartment C. club D. crowd 29. A. never B. well C. professionally D. shallowly 30. A. impressed B. delayed C. frightened D. trapped 31. A. doubtful B. stressful C. hopeful D. careful 32. A. attended B. decorated C. visited D. built 33. A. comments B. demands C. friends D. wishes 34. A. fashion B. race C. expense D. devotion 35. A. admitted B. applied C. turned D. returned 第二节 语篇填空 （共 10 小题； 每小题 1.5 分， 满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China is once more at the forefront of scientific research and creation. In the field of artificial solar energy, Chinese scientists 36 （ take ） some exciting steps forward in the past few years. They have made an exact copy of the energy鄄generating （产生 ） process of the sun 37 （ successful ） in an extremely large piece of equipment in Hefei, China, 38 was called an “ artifi鄄 cial sun ” . The generation of artificial solar energy works by “ fusing ” （熔化） together atoms. This 英语 （五） 第 5 页 （共 8 页） 英语 （五） 第 6 页 （共 8 页） 27 弥 封 线 弥 封 线 内 不 准 答 题 process gives off heat, but there 39 （ be ） no radioactive waste formed. On the other hand, as is well鄄known, traditional nuclear power plants generate energy by splitting atoms quickly, 40 （ re鄄 sult ） in harmful waste at the same time. So compared with it, artificial solar energy could potential鄄 ly offer a 41 （ clean ） way of providing power for the future, and help address the pressing problem of climate change. The heat 42 （ produce ） by the artificial sun reached about 100 mil鄄 lion degrees Celsius. While controlling and containing such a huge amount of heat for a long time is not yet possible and 43 present, the high temperature can only be kept for about 103 seconds, it is already 44 huge step forward. The new scientific 45 （ achieve ） , it is hoped, can help make the world a safer and better place for everyone going into the future. 第三部分 写作 （共两节， 满分 40 分） 第一节 应用文写作 （满分 15 分） 你所在的学校英语俱乐部在组织成员交流各自的职业规划， 请以 “ My Dream Job ” 为题， 写一篇英语短文， 内容包括： （ 1 ） 你的职业规划以及选择这个职业的理由； （ 2 ） 你现在做什么准备来实现你的梦想。 注意： （ 1 ） 写作词数应为 80 左右； （ 2 ） 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My Dream Job 第二节 读后续写 （满分 25 分） 阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a very cold morning as it had been raining very heavily the previous night. As my mother was feeling a little uncomfortable, my sister volunteered to drive me to school. I overslept and as a result, was a bit late for school. We got into the car hurriedly. The roads were already jammed with traffic. It appeared that everyone was late as well. My sister was a careful driver and despite the fact that I was late, she refused to drive fast on the slippery road. I was lucky she was such a determined and careful person because a few hundred meters away from the school, we witnessed an accident. It all happened in an instant, as most accidents do. A car took a left turning without signaling and a school bus crashed into it heavily. A few cars behind the school bus hit the bus as they could not stop in time and soon it became a pile鄄up. The car was damaged badly while the school bus also had some damage. And the already crowded road became more jammed with vehicles, which came to a mess. We wanted to help the victims. My sister drove to a stop at the roadside not too far from the accident spot. The scene that greeted us was terrible. I first rushed to the car. The driver, a lady, lay trapped behind the wheel, unable to move. Three schoolchildren were in the back seat, their faces white with fear. Two of them were seriously hurt and bleeding from the head and hands. They were conscious although too weak and frightened to realize what had happened. We called an ambulance and while waiting, we tried as much as possible to help the victims. As a result of our joint efforts, the driver and the children were moved to safety and taken care of. 注意： （ 1 ） 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右； （ 2 ） 续写部分分为两段， 每段的开头语已为你写好。 Paragraph 1 ： Then, I rushed to the school bus filled with children蒺s cries. Paragraph 2 ： After the ambulance had left, two policemen asked me about the accident. 英语 （五） 第 7 页 （共 8 页） 英语 （五） 第 8 页 （共 8 页） 28 或其他中国文化元素为特色的新产品。 在 2023 年春节假期， 这些茶饮连锁店销售额都增加了。 句中已有谓语动词， 所以用非谓 语动词。 名词 products 与 feature 之间为主动关系， 所以用现在分词作定语。 故填 featuring 。 38. saw 【解析】 考查时态。 句意： 在 2023 年春节假期期间， 这些茶饮连锁店的销售额都有所增长。 根据时间状语 During the 2023 Spring Festival holiday 可知， 用一般过去时。 故填 saw 。 39. which 【解析】 考查定语从句。 句意： 对于年轻顾客来说， 新的茶饮产品已经成为他们了解和学习传统茶文化的窗口。 句中先行词为 window ， 在定语从句中作介词 through 的宾语， 所以用关系代词 which 引导。 故填 which 。 40. for 【解析】 考查介词。 句意： 他们也可能对传统的饮茶产生兴趣， 特别是因为年轻人现在更喜欢更健康的生活方式： 少糖、 低热量。 have a preference for 喜欢。 故填 for 。 41. greater 【解析】 考查比较级。 句意： 研究茶文化的研究员沈冬梅表示： “喝咖啡更多是办公室文化， 而喝茶则适用于更 多场合。” 根据 “ Coffee drinking is more about office culture ” 和句意可知， 喝茶适合更多的场合， 所以用形容词比较级形式。 故 填 greater 。 42. consumption 【解析】 考查名词。 句意： 她指出， 这种饮料既适合个人饮用， 也适合集体饮用， 可以很快喝完， 也可以 享受一整个下午。 personal and group 后接名词形式。 故填 consumption 。 43. or 【解析】 考查连词。 句意： 她指出， 这种饮料既适合个人饮用， 也适合集体饮用， 可以很快喝完， 也可以享受一整个 下午。 前后句之间为选择关系， 所以用连词 or 。 故填 or 。 44. a 【解析】 考查冠词。 句意： 她说： “茶有更多的文化特征。 年轻人喜欢新的茶饮料是文化自信的反映。” 名词 reflection 为可数名词， 泛指， 所以用不定冠词 a 。 故填 a 。 45. to satisfy 【解析】 考查非谓语动词。 句意： 专家还建议， 茶饮连锁店将传统饮茶采取新的方向， 以满足年轻顾客的多样 化需求。 句中用不定式作目的状语。 故填 to satisfy 。 第三部分 写作 第一节 应用文写作 One possible version: Good morning, everyone! I have an announcement to make. To raise our awareness of road safety, our class is planning to organize an English hand鄄copied newspaper contest with the theme of “ Traffic Safety ” . Each learning group should work together to create your own. Your paper is re鄄 quired to be well designed in both layout and content. Various columns are available, ranging from traffic rules to popular forms of transportation. The deadline for submitting your entries is December 1. It蒺s a good chance to show your talent. Please participate actively. Thank you! 第二节 读后续写 One possible version: Paragraph 1: The days grew warmer and lighter, and I started the work myself. I realized I needed to take care of the garden just like what Randy did before. Randy used to treat the garden as a living work of art. If he were alive, he wouldn蒺t be happy to see the garden in a mess. Therefore, I needed to take care of the garden just like what Randy did. I started weeding, watering and looking after the daffodils. It seemed like to me working in the garden was a way to commemorate Randy. Paragraph 2: Weeks later, my daughters returned to visit me. She was very surprised at what she saw. Orange dragonflies were flying around the yard. Honeybees buzzed among the flowers and birds sang beautiful songs. She used to be worried I would be in a bad mood. But now she realized everything was in a good order. Seeing this, she said it looked as if her father was always with us. 2024 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试考前模拟试卷英语 （五） 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 A 【分析】 本文是一篇应用文。 文章介绍了爱尔兰的几个花园。 1. B 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据 Brigit蒺s Garden 中的 “ This is an educational area and it provides tours and walking groups with lessons for the local schools. ” 可知， 在 Brigit蒺s Garden 可以体验教育， 故选 B 。 2. C 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据 Bellfield Garden 中的 “ It has been listed as one of the best 10 gardens in Ireland and has an impressive water feature. ” 可知， Bellfield Garden 以水景闻名， 故选 C 。 3. D 【解析】 推理判断题。 根据第一段 “ What are the best gardens in Ireland to visit? The answer is: everywhere. ” 可知， 文 章介绍了几个在爱尔兰可以游览的花园， 所以推测本文最可能摘自旅游指南， 故选 D 。 B 【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文。 安娜·杜从小就渴望知识 , 渴望让地球变得更美好。 现在， 年仅 16 岁的她已经为减少微塑料污 染作出了不可思议的贡献 ! 4. B 【解析】 推理判断题。 本段主要谈了： 小时候， 她的父母经常让她在周末参加麻省理工学院的学生拓展活动， 在这里， 她了解了 STEM 行业的所有知识， 她利用自己的才能参加了各种科学展览和竞赛， 并在全国科学展览中排名第一。 总结来说， 本段谈的是安娜的教育背景， 故选 B 。 5. B 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据第三段 “ The coolest part is the detection system...the ROV is able to differentiate between mi鄄 croplastics, the broken鄄down byproduct of plastic items we cast away every day, and plant life. ” 可知， ROV 是用来监测海洋中的微 塑料的， 故选 B 。 6. D 【解析】 词义猜测题。 根据 “ she hasn蒺t come close to giving up on her ROV ” 以及 “ the work Anna is doing has the po鄄 tential to significantly improve the conditions of our waters ” 可推知 , 画线词组表示 “改进； 提升”， 故选 D 。 7. C 【解析】 推理判断题。 根据第一段 “ with a hunger for knowledge and a passion for making the earth a better place ” 以及 倒数第二段 “ Anna hopes to make people aware of the environmental issues we face ” 可知， 安娜从小就关注环境问题 , 并积极行动 起来： 她发明了 ROV 并写了 Microplastics and Me 这本书， 以帮助人们应对微塑料污染问题以及教育人们要有环保意识。 故选 C 。 C 【分析】 本文是一篇新闻报道。 一家位于加利福尼亚的名为火箭实验室 （ Rocket Lab ） 的公司使用直升机从空中抓住从太空 参考答案第 17 页 （共 28 页） 参考答案第 18 页 （共 28 页） 45 坠落的火箭助推器， 以便通过重复使用助推器零件来降低火箭发射成本。 8. C 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据第二段 “ the first stage of the rocket is responsible for 80% of the costs. That蒺s why Rocket Lab is working to try to save and reuse its first stage boosters ” 可知， 在空中抓住火箭助推器是为了降低发射成本， 故选 C 。 9. D 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据倒数第二段 “ Finally ， an even larger parachute was opened, making it drop slowly enough to allow it to be caught by the helicopter. ” 可知， 当另一个更大的降落伞被打开后 , 助推器的速度减慢到足以让直升机抓住它， 故 选 D 。 10. A 【解析】 推理判断题。 根据最后一段 “ After a few moments, the helicopter pilots realized that the weight of the booster was pulling in a way that was unsafe...the next time the helicopter will be able to safely take the booster to a nearby boat. ” 可推知， 飞行员这样做是为了避免机毁人亡的事故， 故选 A 。 11. C 【解析】 推理判断题。 本文第一段总括谈到： 一家在加利福尼亚的名为火箭实验室的公司使用直升机从空中抓住火箭 的助推器部分， 然后介绍了这么做的原因、 过程以及结果。 由此可推知， 这是一篇新闻报道， 故选 C 。 D 【分析】 研究发现， 人类认为最丑陋的鱼在生态和进化上也是最独特的， 但丑的物种也有可能受到威胁。 12. B 【解析】 段落大意题。 第二段提到： 研究人员向公众展示了 481 张鳍刺类鱼的照片。 然后他们利用这些数据开发了一 个计算机模型， 对 2417 种最常见的珊瑚礁鱼类的另外 4400 张照片进行后续的预测。 接下来， 他们将每个物种的审美评分与其 他特征进行了比对。 由此可推断该段旨在介绍研究过程， 故选 B 。 13. B 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据第四段最后一句 “ Unattractive species also tended to be more important to commercial fish鄄 eries, which puts them at higher risk of overfishing. ” 可知， 丑陋的鱼容易被过度捕捞是因为它们在渔业中的商业价值高， 故选 B 。 14. D 【解析】 推理判断题。 根据最后一段的 “ Making people more aware of the roles uglier fish play in reef ecosystems could help them gain more support. ” 可知， 研究人员建议让人们意识到丑陋的鱼对珊瑚礁生态系统的重要性， 故选 D 。 15. A 【解析】 标题归纳题。 本文主要介绍研究发现， 人类认为最丑陋的鱼在生态和进化上也是最独特的， 但丑的物种也有 可能受到威胁， 因此它们也需要人们的关注和保护， 故选 A 。 第二节 【分析】 语篇类型是说明文， 主题语境是人与自我之生活与学习。 人为什么会起鸡皮疙瘩？ 它有什么作用？ 本文对此进行了 简单说明。 16. C 【解析】 文章首句列举了人可能会起鸡皮疙瘩的两种情况： 当你感觉冷时或听到一首动听的歌时。 结合下一句可以推 知， 人们比想象中更常起鸡皮疙瘩， 因此研究人员正在探究它们背后的奧秘， 故选 C 。 17. E 【解析】 本段说明鸡皮疙瘩是如何产生的。 选项 E 中的 This system 指上一句中的 “ the sympathetic nervous system ”， 故选 E 。 18. B 【解析】 结合本段内容， 尤其是 “ Long ago ” “ It helped them survive the cold ” 和 “ Besides, if ancient human beings were frightened or attacked by an animal ” 等表达可以推知， 本段说明鸡皮疙瘩帮助我们的祖先生存， 故选 B 。 19. A 【解析】 此处在介绍鸡皮疙瘩帮助我们的祖先对抗动物的袭击。 当人类的祖先被动物吓到或攻击时， 他们会起鸡皮疙 瘩， 竖立的体毛会让他们看起来更庞大、 更可怕， 所以更能帮助他们吓走动物， 故选 A 。 20. F 【解析】 本段说明鸡皮疙瘩和音乐之间的关系。 结合下一句中的 “ these strong feelings ” 可知， 本空选 F 。 第二部分 语言运用 第一节 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。 主要讲述了作者因丈夫工作原因， 举家从悉尼搬到中国生活的故事， 并且对中国充满了深深的 感情。 21. A 【解析】 考查动词短语辨析。 句意： 我们是来见我丈夫詹姆斯的， 他找到了一份工作。 A. meet up with 与……见面； B. break up with 与……分手； C. send for 派人去请； D. stand for 代表。 根据上文 “ This morning, my daughter, Helen, and I ar鄄 rived at a town in Xi蒺an, China. ” 作者和女儿来到了中国西安的一个小镇， 以及该句中的 “ who had landed a job ” 可推知， 作者 和女儿来到西安是来见她的丈夫詹姆斯。 故选 A 。 22. C 【解析】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意： 在我辞去悉尼记者的工作后， 我们在中国香港生活了四年。 A. offered 提供； B. confirmed 证实； C. left 离开； D. got 得到。 根据上文 “ We had spent the past four years living in Hong Kong, China ” 可知， 该动 作是发生在空格处动作之前， 由此可推知， 作者辞去悉尼记者的工作后， 在中国香港生活了四年。 故选 C 。 23. B 【解析】 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意： 我们见到詹姆斯时， 他从来没有显得这么高兴过。 A. grateful 感激的； B. merry 高兴的； C. upset 不安的； D. desperate 绝望的。 根据下文 “ He happily kept sharing interesting things with us. ” 可知， 丈夫一直很 高兴地和我们分享有趣的事情， 作者和孩子们到来后， 丈夫很高兴。 故选 B 。 24. D 【解析】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意： 所以海伦和我独自探索了这个新城镇。 A. promoted 促进； B. dominated 主导； C. described 描述； D. explored 探索。 根据上文提到的作者和女儿们刚来到这个地方， 以及下文 “ We were 25 about everything on the street. ” 提到的作者和女儿来到街上可推知， 作者和女儿新来到这个地方， 应该是对此感到好奇， 所以说她们探索了这个 新城镇。 故选 D 。 25. C 【解析】 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意： 我们对街上的一切都很好奇。 A. anxious 焦虑的； B. sensitive 敏感的； C. curi鄄 ous 好奇的； D. honest 诚实的。 根据上文提到的作者和女儿一起探索了这个新城镇， 以及下文 “ know about us, too ” 中的 “ too ” 可知， 街道上的人们也想了解我们， 这说明作者和女儿想了解一切， 即对一切都感到好奇。 be curious about “对……好奇”。 故选 C 。 26. B 【解析】 考查名词词义辨析。 句意： 很多人也都很想了解我们。 A. memory 回忆； B. desire 愿望； C. proposal 建议； D. evidence 证据。 根据下文 “ A girl asked Helen, ‘ Where are you from? ’” 街上人们的提问， 可推知， 很多人也都很想了解作者 她们。 故选 B 。 27. A 【解析】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意： 海伦开始和她说话， 很快她们似乎成了朋友。 A. talk 说话； B. work 工作； C. fight 战斗； D. argue 争论。 根据上文一个女孩的提问， 以及下文 “ and soon they seemed to be friends ” 可推知， 海伦回答女孩的 问题， 即和她说话， 所以她们似乎很快成了朋友。 故选 A 。 28. D 【解析】 考查名词词义辨析。 句意： 海伦有一头卷发和一双蓝眼睛， 在人群中很显眼， 很受欢迎。 A. classroom 教室； B. apartment 公寓； C. club 俱乐部； D. crowd 人群。 根据该句中的 “ stood out ” 和上文提到的 “ Crowds of people ” 可知， 此处 crowd 为同词复现， 海伦在人群中很显眼， 很受欢迎。 故选 D 。 29. B 【解析】 考查副词词义辨析。 句意： 人们太关注我们了， 但他们是出于好意。 A. never 从不； B. well 友善地； C. pro鄄 fessionally 专业地； D. shallowly 肤浅地。 根据上文 “ People paid too much attention to us ” 以及该句中的 but 转折可推知， 前后 参考答案第 19 页 （共 28 页） 参考答案第 20 页 （共 28 页） 46 指转折关系， 人们很关注作者她们， 但都是出于好意。 故选 B 。 30. A 【解析】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意： 走着走着， 我对这个小镇印象深刻。 A. impressed 使留下深刻印象； B. delayed 延 误； C. frightened 使震惊； D. trapped 困住。 根据下文对小镇的介绍 “ It was a typical Chinese town filled with traditional buildings and red lanterns lining the streets. ” 和 “ With such a beautiful area right by our doorstep ” 可知， 作者认为这个地方很美， 所以说对 这个小镇印象深刻。 be impressed by “对……印象深刻”。 故选 A 。 31. C 【解析】 考查形容词词义辨析。 句意： 这么美丽的地方就在我们家门口， 我开始对未来充满希望。 A. doubtful 怀疑 的； B. stressful 有压力的； C. hopeful 有希望的； D. careful 仔细的。 根据上文 “ With such a beautiful area right by our doorstep ” 可推知， 作者看到家附近有这么美丽的地方， 所以憧憬未来， 对未来充满希望。 故选 C 。 32. A 【解析】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意： 海伦在西安市的一所国际学校上学后， 我有机会在上学的过程中和一些不同肤色 的家长交流。 A. attended 出席； 定期去 （学校、 教堂等）； B. decorated 装饰； C. visited 拜访； D. built 建造。 根据该句中的 “ an international school ” 和下文 “ I had a chance to communicate with some parents of different colors during the school run. ” 提到的作 者和接送孩子的家长交谈可知， 作者的女儿海伦也在这所学校上学。 attend school “上学”。 故选 A 。 33. C 【解析】 考查名词词义辨析。 句意： 不久， 我们变得熟悉和亲密， 我交了一些来自世界各地的朋友。 A. comments 评 论； B. demands 要求； C. friends 朋友； D. wishes 愿望。 根据上文 “ Before long we became familiar and close ” 作者和国际学校 的家长变得熟悉， 可推知， 此处为作者交了一些来自世界各地的朋友。 故选 C 。 34. B 【解析】 考查名词词义辨析。 句意： 无论种族如何， 我们都有被爱的基本愿望。 A. fashion 时尚； B. race 种族； C. ex鄄 pense 代价， 费用； D. devotion 奉献。 根据上文提到的 “ After Helen 32 an international school in Xi蒺an city, I had a chance to communicate with some parents of different colors during the school run. ” 作者的女儿在国际学校， 作者交了一些来自世界各地的 朋友， 以及下文 “ we all shared the basic desire to be loved ” 可推知， 作者认为， 无论种族如何， 我们都有被爱的基本愿望。 故 选 B 。 35. D 【解析】 考查动词词义辨析。 句意： 几年后， 我们一家回到了悉尼， 但我无法将中国从我的脑海中抹去。 A. admitted 承认； B. applied 运用， 申请； C. turned 转向， 求助于； D. returned 返回。 根据上文提到的作者辞去悉尼记者的工作， 以及下文 “ but I couldn蒺t get China off my mind ” 可推知， 作者再次返回到了悉尼， 但无法将中国从她的脑海中抹去。 故选 D 。 第二节 【分析】 本文属于说明文。 中国利用一个巨型装置成功复制了太阳发电的过程， 这个装置被称为 “人造太阳”。 人造太阳能 的产生是通过将原子 “聚变” 在一起来实现的。 这个过程会释放热量， 但不会形成放射性废料。 因此， 人造太阳能有可能为未 来提供一种更清洁的供电方式， 并有助于解决气候变化这一紧迫问题。 36. have taken 【解析】 考查时态。 句意： 在人造太阳能领域， 中国科学家在过去几年里已经取得了一些令人兴奋的进展。 句中有 “ in the past few years ” 信息， 使用现在完成时， 主语是 Chinese scientists ， 助动词使用 have ， 故填 have taken 。 37. successfully 【解析】 考查副词。 句意： 他们在中国合肥用一个被称为 “人造太阳” 的超大设备成功地复制了太阳产生能 量的过程。 分析句子结构可知， 这里使用副词修饰本句的谓语动词 have made ， 表示 “成功复制了太阳发电的过程”， 故填 suc鄄 cessfully 。 38. which 【解析】 考查非限制性定语从句。 句意： 他们在中国合肥用一个被称为 “人造太阳” 的超大设备成功地复制了太 阳产生能量的过程。 根据句意和句子结构可知， 本空所在句子一个是非限制性定语从句， 本空处于主语的位置， 因此应用 which 引导定语从句， 指代前面的 equipment ， 并在句中作主语， 故填 which 。 39. is 【解析】 考查主谓一致和时态。 句意： 这一过程散发热量， 但没有形成放射性废物。 根据上下文， 这里讲的是人造太 阳的工作原理， 应用一般现在时， 同时， 本句属于 there be 句型， 主语是 no radioactive waste ， 所以应用单数， 故填 is 。 40. resulting 【解析】 考查现在分词。 句意： 传统的核电站通过原子分裂来发电， 同时产生有害废料。 根据句子结构可知， result in 的逻辑主语是 traditional nuclear power plants ， 发出 result in 这个动作， 再结合句意， 这里用现在分词表示伴随状语， 故 填 resulting 。 41. cleaner 【解析】 考查形容词比较级。 句意： 因此， 相比而言， 人造太阳能有可能为未来提供一种更清洁的能源。 本句有 “ compared with it ” 信息， 再结合句意， 这里是 artificial solar energy 与传统核电相比， 因此应该使用形容词比较级， 故填 clean鄄 er 。 42. produced 【解析】 考查过去分词。 句意： 人造太阳产生的热量达到了大约 1 亿摄氏度。 分析句子结构可知， 已有谓语动 词 reached ， 空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语， 修饰名词 the heat ， 二者为逻辑上的动宾关系， 需用过去分词形式， 故填 pro鄄 duced 。 43. at 【解析】 考查介词。 句意： 虽然在很长一段时间内控制和容纳如此巨大的热量是不可能的， 而且目前的高温只能保持 103 秒左右， 这已经是一个巨大的进步。 at present 表示 “现在； 目前”， 是固定短语， 故填 at 。 44. a 【解析】 考查冠词。 句意： 虽然在很长一段时间内控制和容纳如此巨大的热量是不可能的， 而且目前的高温只能保持 103 秒左右， 这已经是一个巨大的进步。 本空后面是 huge step, step 是可数名词， 此处表示泛指， 且 huge 发音以辅音音素开头， 应填不定冠词 a ， 表示 “这是一个巨大的进步”， 故填 a 。 45. achievement 【解析】 考查名词。 句意： 人们希望这项新的科学成就能够使未来的世界对每个人来说都成为一个更安全、 更美好的地方。 本空前面是修饰语 The new scientific ， 本空后面是插入语 it is hoped ， 而句子结构显示本句的谓语动词是 can help ， 因此本句缺少主语， 故填名词 achievement 作主语， 故填 achievement 。 第三部分 写作 第一节 应用文写作 One possible version: My Dream Job My dream job is to be a doctor who fights cancer. Currently, cancer is still a deadly disease which has caused so many deaths. I蒺m determined to put an end to it and let people enjoy good health as well as a happy life. To realize my dream, I蒺m reading widely to gain as much medical knowledge as possible. I蒺m also studying hard to enter my ideal medical college. Above all, a successful doctor must be a person of strong character. This is what I蒺m trying hard to be. 第二节 读后续写 One possible version: Paragraph 1: Then, I rushed to the school bus filled with children蒺s cries. Inside were the frightened schoolchildren. Many of them appeared to 参考答案第 21 页 （共 28 页） 参考答案第 22 页 （共 28 页） 47 suffer from minor cuts and bruises on their arms and bodies in the crash. The children were crying and screaming for their parents. It was really fortunate that nobody was badly hurt. By then a few adults entered the bus and together we instructed the children to come out of the bus slowly. We managed to calm them down. Soon, the doctors in an ambulance came to the scene. Paragraph 2: After the ambulance had left, two policemen asked me about the accident. They were taking statements from eyewitnesses. My sis鄄 ter and I gave a full account to the police of what had happened. As a matter of fact, it could have been prevented if the drivers had been more careful. Of course I was late for school, but I knew what I should do to avoid that was set off earlier. The accident also taught us an important lesson we should always obey the traffic rules and keep safety in mind. 2024 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试考前模拟试卷英语 （六） 第一部分 阅读理解 第一节 A 【分析】 本文是一篇应用文。 文章主要介绍了暑期不可错过的音乐城的几个活动。 1. C 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据前两个活动中的 “ The family鄄friendly event ” 和 “ to enjoy the family鄄friendly fun ” 可知答案， 故选 C 。 2. D 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据最后一项活动中的 “ The musical features songs from some of the country蒺s biggest stars ” 可 知答案， 故选 D 。 3. D 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据第三项活动中的 “ is devoted to the art ， science, and technique of cooking ” 以及活动地址 “ Loews Vanderbilt Hotel Nashville ” 可知答案， 故选 D 。 B 【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文。 文章讲述了气候研究员大卫·克鲁德斯马骑行四大洲、 考察气候变化情况并提高人们全球变暖 意识的故事。 4. C 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据第二段 “ It was an attempt to educate people on the science and impacts of global warming. ” 以 及沿途所开展的活动情况可知， 大卫的阿根廷骑行之旅是为了提高公众对全球变暖的意识， 故选 C 。 5. A 【解析】 推理判断题。 根据第一段和第二段最后一句可知， Kroodsma 骑行的总里程为 3 万多英里， 其中亚洲之行 8000 英里 , 美洲之行 21000 英里。 由此可知 , 东欧之行可能为 1000 英里， 故选 A 。 6. D 【解析】 细节理解题。 这对夫妇骑行亚洲的目的是了解气候变化对人们生活造成的影响。 根据第三段 “ speaking with villagers they encountered and asking them how climate change was impacting on their lives ” 和 “ spoke with experts there ” 可知 ， 他们是通过采访来实现其目的的， 故选 D 。 7. B 【解析】 推理判断题。 最后一段提到， 中国和土耳其等国家正在努力减少对环境的影响， 人们对他的事业做出了积极 的回应， 对此大卫既宽慰又高兴。 由此可知 , 他对亚洲未来的环境状况持乐观态度， 故选 B 。 C 【分析】 本文是一篇书评。 文章介绍了 Lily Bailey 最新出版的一本书 When I See Blue 的有关信息， 包括该书的写作背景、 写作意图、 主要内容及有关评论等。 8. B 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据第一段 “ The author has experience of living with OCD and writes with first鄄hand knowledge... ” 可知， Lily Bailey 小时候患过强迫症， 故选 B 。 9. D 【解析】 推理判断题。 根据第二段倒数第二、 三句可知， 做与数字 4 有关的事情有助于缓解他的症状， 写出由四个字 母组成的单词或字母数是四的倍数的单词有助于改善他的功课。 据此推知， 他认为数字 4 有助于他做正确的事情， 故选 D 。 10. C 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据第三段 “ The description of Ben蒺s fighting against them really makes me sad and upset. ” 可知 , 作品中关于 Ben 与他的心理障碍做斗争这一部分的描述是令人极度伤心的， 故选 C 。 11. B 【解析】 推理判断题。 文章介绍了一本新书的写作背景、 意图、 主要内容及有关评论等， 所以这是一篇书评， 故选 B 。 D 【分析】 语篇类型是说明文， 主题语境是人与自然之环境保护。 研究发现， 飓风的移动速度将会变慢， 强度将会增加， 进而 造成更大的破坏。 12. D 【解析】 词义猜测题。 根据第一段中的 “ Scientists have suggested hurricanes will become slower moving and stronger because of a warming planet, thus worsening the destruction. ” 及第二段画线词所在语境可知， 有大量证据表明， 我们正在使这些 风暴变得更加 “有害”， 故选 D 。 13. B 【解析】 细节理解题。 根据第三段中的 “ The team looked at global hurricane data from 1979 to 2017, and used analytical techniques to create a database with which they could recognise hurricanes蒺 trends. ” 可知， 他们采用的主要研究方法是分析数据， 故选 B 。 14. A 【解析】 推理判断题 。 根据第三段中的 “ Through modeling and our understanding of atmospheric physics, the study agrees with what we would expect to see in a warming climate like ours ” 和第四段可知， James P. Kossin 先前的研究和现在的研究 结果是一致的， 进一步证实了他们的最新研究成果， 故选 A 。 15. C 【解析】 标题归纳题。 根据文章整体内容可知， James P. Kossin 团队研究发现： 飓风的移动速度将会变慢， 强度将会 增加， 全文围绕这一研究成果展开， 故选 C 。 第二节 【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文。 文章通过作者读书的经历， 讲述了虽然喜欢新书的味道， 但还是喜欢重读能够激励自己的旧书 的观点。 16. E 【解析】 根据上文 “ I am not sure how many books I have reread, but perhaps it is fewer than the average person. ” 可知， 此处指作者不知道自己重读了多少书籍， 后面说重读对于作者的意义。 由此可知， E. For me, the pleasure of rereading is a newly discovered one. 能够衔接上文， 符合语境。 故选 E 。 17. F 【解析】 根据上文 “ I used to take the same approach to books as I did to travel: don蒺t go to the same place twice. Life is too short. ” 可知， 之前作者对待书籍和对待旅行的态度是一样的， 作者不会去同一个地方， 不读同一本书， 是因为生命太短暂， 需要经历的东西太多。 由此可知， F. There is so much to read and so much to see and experience. 能够衔接上文， 符合语境。 故选 F 。 18. D 【解析】 根据下文 “ I had dropped out of school twice, didn蒺t leave the house at all and didn蒺t have a life. It felt as though I hadn蒺t laughed in such a long time. ” 可知， 作者讲述了自己的过去故事， 以前是一个郁郁寡欢的人。 由此可知， D. At that time, 参考答案第 23 页 （共 28 页） 参考答案第 24 页 （共 28 页） 48