精品解析：上海市第二中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中联考英语试卷

2024学年第一学期市二中学期中考试试卷 高三英语 试卷 2024.10 (考试时间120分钟，总分140分) 第I卷 (共90分) I. Listening Comprehension (25%) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a bookstore. B. In a news-stand. C. In a library. D. In a cinema. 2. A. An office location. B. The postal code. C. A telephone number. D. The postage. 3. A. A tour guide. B. A customs officer. C. A salesperson. D. A business partner. 4. A. Go to the 3rd street. B. Leave for the airport. C. Find a restaurant around. D. Go to the 22nd street. 5. A. He is quite satisfied with his new job. B. He used to repair three cars every day. C. He complains about a heavy workload. D. He considers his previous job less tiring. 6. A. The man is preparing for the final exam. B. There are many textbooks at the corner. C. The woman probably majors in Biology. D. The woman and the man are reviewing lessons. 7. A. Why to buy the new house. B. Whether to sell the house. C. How to decorate the house. D. How market prices change. 8. A. The man should keep his promise. B. The man is to blame. C. She regrets asking the man for help. D. Billy can take her there. 9. A. He is a close friend of the woman. B. He is being interviewed for a job. C He is an experienced sales manager. D. He has a high position in the company. 10. A. The economist is from his school. B. The economist is knowledgeable. C. The economist is just so so. D. The economist is charming. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. When they returned from school. B. After they got up. C. Whenever they felt unhappy. D. After they had dinner. 12. A. They talked about different topics. B. They drank coffee less frequently. C. They started to argue with each other. D. They stopped having coffee talks completely. 13. A. Her mother’s favorite coffee cup. B. Her mother’s perfume and necklace. C. The experiences her mother once had. D. The special conversations with her mother. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Finding an ideal job. B. Helping others in trouble. C. Wearing fashionable skirts. D. Living in a beautiful apartment. 15. A. To explore psychology and philosophy. B. To finish his paper on positive psychology. C. To find how people can live a meaningful life. D. To pursue happiness and get rid of depression. 16. A. By editing, interpreting and retelling their story. B. By being loyal to what happens in their daily life. C. By learning from the events of other people’s life. D. By fully understanding how others became fulfilled. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Human civilization. B. The future of humanity. C. The power of choice. D. The value of knowledge. 18. A. By making difficult topics easy to understand. B. By showing how plants has evolved in history. C. By isolating historical events throughout history. D. By expanding people’s understanding of the world. 19. A. The Midnight Library. B. Sapiens. C. Homo Deus. D. Species. 20. A. Studying the future of humanity. B. Exchanging ideas about great books. C. Deciding on the most inspiring book. D. Comparing famous writers in history. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%) Section A Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use an e word that best fits each blank. Are you afraid of getting old? ____1____ we get past the age of 25, many of us immediately feel the urge to stop the signs of ageing — especially the visible ones. Men and women are now using topical “anti-ageing” creams, spa treatments and medical procedures ____2____ (fight) many of them. ____3____ these methods can somewhat affect the way you look, ageing is an internal process. A new study has found exactly when during your lifetime this process peaks. A group of scientists based out of the Stanford University School of Medicine have discovered that ____4____ being a smooth, continuous process, ageing surges forward at three distinct stages of life: first. at the age of 34, then at age 60, and finally at 78. The study, recently published in Nature Medicine, ____5____ (reveal) that scientists can not only predict your age by studying the proteome (protein levels in the blood) but also determine which organs are ageing faster than the others, and which age-related diseases your body is ____6____ (likely) to develop. The study measured plasma proteins (血浆蛋白) collected from 4,263 adults between the ages of 18-95 years and studied the changes in the proteome that occurred with age. Their ultimate goal was to understand how to identify the changes associated with cardiovascular issues and age-related diseases like Alzheimer’s ____7____ merapeutic treatments can be devised to oppose their attack while there’s still time. Dr Tony Wyss-Coray, one of the leading members of the study. told Stanford Medicine News Center, “We’ve known for a long time that ____8____ (measure) certain proteins can give you information about a person’s health status — lipoproteins (脂蛋白) for cardiovascular health, for example. But it hasn’t been appreciated that so many different proteins’ levels — roughly a third of all the ones we looked at —change markedly with advancing age.” This difference between the chronological and physiological age, according to the scientists’ “plasma-protein clock”, showed that a lot of people in the study seemed younger than they actually were. What’s more, the study also confirmed that men and women, though equally ____9____ (represent) in the study; aged differently. Does this mean medications and lifestyle methods, with further research, can also be devised to help _____10_____ ages too rapidly and is at risk of contracting age-related diseases like hypertension and Alzheimer’s? You never know. 【答案】1. As soon as 2. to fight 3. Though##Although##While 4. instead of 5. has revealed 6. more likely 7. so that 8. measuring 9. represented 10. whoever 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项新的研究发现了人一生中衰老过程达到顶峰的确切时间以及如何测量衰老情况。 【1题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：一旦过了25岁，我们中的许多人就会立即感到想要阻止衰老的迹象——尤其是那些看得见的迹象。引导时间状语从句，表示“一旦”应用as soon as，首字母大写。故填As soon as。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：男性和女性现在都在使用局部“抗衰老”面霜、水疗和医疗程序来对抗其中的许多衰老。短语use sth. to do sth.表示“用某物做某事”。故填to fight。 【3题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：虽然这些方法会在一定程度上影响你的外表，但衰老是一个内在的过程。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用though或although或while，首字母大写。故填Though/Although/While。 【4题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：斯坦福大学医学院的一组科学家发现，衰老不是一个平稳、连续的过程，而是在生命的三个不同阶段加速：首先是34岁，然后是60岁，最后是78岁。后跟动名词作宾语，此处表示“而不是”应用instead of。故填instead of。 【5题详解】 考查时态。句意：这项发表在《自然医学》杂志上的研究表明，科学家不仅可以通过研究蛋白质组（血液中的蛋白质水平）来预测你的年龄，还可以确定哪些器官比其他器官衰老得更快，以及你的身体更容易患上哪些与年龄有关的疾病。此处表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响应用现在完成时，主语为study，助动词用has。故填has revealed。 【6题详解】 考查比较级。句意：这项发表在《自然医学》杂志上的研究表明，科学家不仅可以通过研究蛋白质组（血液中的蛋白质水平）来预测你的年龄，还可以确定哪些器官比其他器官衰老得更快，以及你的身体更容易患上哪些与年龄有关的疾病。根据上文organs are ageing faster than the others可知应用比较级，在前面加more。故填more likely。 【7题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：他们的最终目标是了解如何识别与心血管问题和老年痴呆症等与年龄有关的疾病相关的变化，以便在还有时间的时候设计出治疗方法来对抗它们的攻击。引导目的状语从句，表示“以便”应用so that。故填so that。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们早就知道，测量某些蛋白质可以提供一个人健康状况的信息——例如，用于心血管健康的脂蛋白。此处空处作从句的主语，应用动名词形式。故填measuring。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：更重要的是，该研究还证实，男性和女性虽然在研究中占同等比例，但衰老年龄不同。此处为非谓语动词，且从句中主语men and women与represent构成被动关系，用过去分词。故填represented。 【10题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：这是否意味着，通过进一步的研究，药物和生活方式也可以被设计出来，帮助那些衰老过快、有患高血压和阿尔茨海默氏症等与年龄有关的疾病风险的人？引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，且表示“无论谁”应用whoever。故填whoever。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. finals B. pushing C. previous D. positive E. precision F. excelled G. highlight H. guided I. securing J. accomplishments K. inspiring The Chinese delegation showcased an impressive performance at the Paris Olympics, demonstrating both skill and determination in a wide range of sports. With over 400 athletes, China aimed to build on its ____11____ successes and make a significant impact on the global stage. In athletics, Chinese track and field athletes delivered standout performances, with several competitors reaching the ____12____ in various events. The sprinting team, particularly in the women’s category, showed remarkable speed and agility (敏捷), ____13____ multiple medal stands. In distance running, China’s long-distance runners also made their mark, ____14____ the limits and setting personal bests. Swimming was another ____15____ for the Chinese delegation. The swimmers displayed exceptional talent, breaking national records and earning numerous medals. Gymnastics remained a traditional stronghold for China, with gymnasts performing with ____16____ and artistry. The men’s and women’s teams both ____17____, contributing to the overall medal count with breathtaking routines that captivated audiences. The athletes’ dedication to their craft was evident, as they executed complex performances with grace under immense pressure. Overall, the Chinese delegation’s performance in Paris was marked by adaptability and sportsmanship. Their ____18____ not only illustrated individual talent but also reflected the strength of China’s sporting culture. As the games concluded, the athletes returned home as heroes, ____19____ future generations to pursue excellence in sports. The success in Paris set a(n) _____20_____ tone for future international competitions, reinforcing China’s position as a powerhouse in the world of athletics. 【答案】11. C 12. A 13. I 14. B 15. G 16. E 17. F 18. J 19. K 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国代表团在巴黎奥运会上的出色表现，展示了他们在多个体育项目中的技能与决心，以及取得的显著成就和对全球体育舞台的影响。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：中国派出400多名运动员，希望在以往成功的基础上再接再厉，在全球舞台上产生重大影响。根据上文“aimed to”和下文“successes”可推知，中国代表团希望在之前的成功基础上取得更大的成就。用形容词previous作定语，意为“之前的”，符合语境。故选C项。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：在田径项目中，中国田径运动员表现出色，有几名选手进入了各项赛事的决赛。根据上文“standout performances”和“reaching”可推知，选手表现出色，进入决赛阶段。用名词finals作宾语，意为“决赛”，符合语境。故选A项。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：短跑队，特别是女子短跑队，表现出了惊人的速度和敏捷性，获得了多枚奖牌。根据上文“showed remarkable speed and agility”和下文“multiple medal stands”可知，女子短跑队表现优异，所以收获奖牌。用动词secure(获得，确保)的现在分词形式securing作结果状语，符合语境。故选I项。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：在长跑方面，中国的长跑运动员也取得了成绩，他们不断挑战极限，创造了个人最好成绩。根据下文“the limits and setting personal bests”可知，长跑运动员不断挑战极限并创造最好成绩。用动词push(推动，挑战)的现在分词形式pushing作伴随状语。故选B项。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：游泳是中国代表团的另一个亮点。根据下文“The swimmers displayed exceptional talent, breaking national records and earning numerous medals.”可知，游泳是中国代表团的另一个亮点，取得了优异成绩。用名词highlight作表语，意为“亮点”，符合语境。故选G项。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：体操仍然是中国的传统强项，体操运动员的表演精确而有艺术性。结合常识和下文“artistry”可知，体操运动员在表演中展现出的精准度和艺术性。用名词precision作宾语，意为“精确，精准度”，符合语境。故选E项。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：男子和女子团队都表现出色，以令人惊叹的动作吸引了观众，为总奖牌数做出了贡献。。根据下文“contributing to the overall medal count”可知，男女体操队都表现出色。用动词excel(表现出色，超水平发挥)作谓语，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态excelled，符合语境。故选F项。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们的成绩不仅展示了个人才能，也反映了中国体育文化的实力。根据下文“not only illustrated individual talent but also reflected the strength of China’s sporting culture”可知，中国代表团的成就展示了才能和实力。用复数名词accomplishments(成就，成绩)作主语，符合语境。故选J项。 【19题详解】 考查动词。句意：随着奥运会的结束，运动员们以英雄的身份回国，激励着下一代在体育运动中追求卓越。根据下文“future generations to pursue excellence”可知，运动员们的表现激励了后代追求体育卓越。用动词inspire的现在分词形式inspiring作伴随状语，符合语境。故选K项。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：巴黎奥运会的成功为未来的国际比赛奠定了积极的基调，巩固了中国作为世界田径强国的地位。根据下文“reinforcing China’s position as a powerhouse in the world of athletics”可知，在巴黎奥运会的成功巩固了中国作为世界田径强国的地位，奠定了积极的基调。用形容词positive作定语，意为“积极的”，符合语境。故选D项。 III. Reading Comprehension (45%) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Out-of-towners have long flocked to St Ives. Artists such as J. M W. Turner and Barbara Hepworth were ____21____ to the town’s clear light. Others come for the seafood and sandy beaches. Even the town’s notoriously aggressive seagulls, who dive-bomb unsuspecting tourists and steal their Cornish pasties, are not enough to ____22____ outsiders. But St Ives’s popularity has a downside: visitors ____23____ the local housing market. Locals worry that the town is becoming a playground for rich Londoners, who in the summer months arrive on the sleeper train from Paddington. At the last count, a quarter of the dwellings in St Ives were second homes or ____24____. So in May 2016 locals decided to do something about it, voting in a referendum (公投) to introduce a “principal-residence policy”, which stops newly built houses in the town being used as second homes. The thinking went that by stopping holidaymakers from snapping up new-builds, housing would become more ____25____ to people who live in St Ives all year round. Building firms and DIY shops, for whom second-homers are prized customers, ____26____ the plan. One property firm even challenged the policy in the High Court. But the legal challenge failed and the second-home ban ____27____. Since then a few other Cornish towns have introduced their own versions of the policy. Those involved in designing the plan say that, three years on, it is too early to ____28____ its impact. But official statistics suggest that excluding second-home buyers from the new-build market has removed a big source of ____29____. The price of new homes in the town is 13% below what it might have been if the previous growth rate had continued. Locals _____30_____ to afford a property may like the sound of this. But it has had an unwelcome side-effect: house building has _____31_____. Developers who bought land when it was pricier can in some cases no longer sell homes at a profit. Others may be holding off from breaking ground in the hope that the policy is _____32_____. In 2015 Acorn Property Group, a local firm, was about to buy a site for 34 homes,14 of them “affordable” (i.e., sold or let at below-market rates). But the policy made the scheme _____33_____ because the open-market dwellings could no longer subsidize (资助) the affordable ones, the company says. Meanwhile, second-home buyers in St Ives seem to be shifting their attention to _____34_____ buildings, which are not covered by the policy. Data from Hamptons International, a property firm suggest that in St Ives second-homers form a larger share of transactions than before the policy came into force. _____35_____ new-builds, prices have continued to climb. That represents a windfall (意外之财) to locals who already own their homes —and may eventually persuade even more of them to cash in and move out. 21. A. sent B. drawn C. attached D. committed 22. A. take in B. put off C. fight far D. put down 23. A. expand B. lose C. create D. dominate 24. A. holiday lets B. industrial lands C. hi-tech zones D. waste areas 25. A. comfortable B. convenient C. affordable D. important 26. A. advocated B. revised C. presented D. opposed 27. A. fell through B. lagged behind C. went ahead D. came over 28. A. assess B. maximize C. resist D. appreciate 29. A. authority B. income C. conflict D. demand 30. A. refusing B. struggling C. managing D. claiming 31. A. suffered B. changed C. boomed D. disappeared 32. A. passed B. complimented C. justified D. abandoned 33. A. infeasible B. urgent C. distinctive D. unpopular 34. A. newly-built B. rural C. urban D. existing 35. A. Rather than B. Thanks to C. Except for D. Regardless of 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国的圣艾夫斯小镇在面临游客大量涌入，尤其是来自伦敦的游客，导致当地房屋价格上涨和居民生活质量下降的问题时，引入了一项限制房地产投机的措施。该措施让新建房屋更加亲民，新房价格下降了13%，但也对当地房地产市场产生了一些不利影响。尽管存在反对声音，但该政策预计将持续下去。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：像J. M W·特纳（J. M . W. Turner）和芭芭拉·赫普沃斯（Barbara Hepworth）这样的艺术家都被小镇的明亮灯光所吸引。A. sent寄送；B. drawn吸引；C. attached附加；D. committed承诺。根据上文“Out-of-towners have long flocked to St Ives.”提到外地人一直涌入圣艾夫斯，由此可知，此处应表示这两位艺术家都被小镇的明亮灯光所吸引。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：即使是镇上臭名昭著的好斗海鸥，它们俯冲毫无防备的游客，偷走他们的康沃尔馅饼，也不足以让外人望而却步。A. take in汲取；B. put off阻碍；C. fight fair公平竞争；D. put down放下。根据上文“Even the town’s notoriously aggressive seagulls, who dive-bomb unsuspecting tourists and steal their Cornish pasties”提到海鸥偷走他们的康沃尔馅饼，以及Even转折由此可知，此处应表示即使是这样也不足以让外人望而却步。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但圣艾夫斯的受欢迎程度也有一个缺点：游客主导了当地的房地产市场。A. expand扩张；B. lose失去；C. create创造；D. dominate主导。根据上文“But St Ives’s popularity has a downside”以及下文“the local housing market.”由此可知，此处应表示圣艾夫斯的受欢迎程度也有一个缺点：游客主导了当地的房地产市场。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查名词短语辨析。句意：据最新统计，圣艾夫斯四分之一的住宅是第二套住宅或度假出租。A. holiday lets度假出租；B. industrial lands工业土地；C. hi-tech zones高新技术区；D. waste areas浪费区域。根据上文提到的游客主导了当地的房地产市场，以及“second homes”由此可知，此处应表示圣艾夫斯四分之一的住宅是第二套住宅或度假出租。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的想法是，通过阻止度假者抢购新建房屋，一年四季住在圣艾夫斯的人将更能负担得起住房。A. comfortable舒服的；B. convenient方便的；C. affordable支付得起的；D. important重要的。根据上文“The thinking went that by stopping holidaymakers from snapping up new-builds”提到通过阻止度假者抢购新建房屋，由此可知，此处应表示让一年四季住在圣艾夫斯的人将更能负担得起住房。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：建筑公司和DIY商店反对这一计划，对他们来说，二手房是宝贵的客户。A. advocated倡导；B. revised更正；C. presented呈现；D. opposed反对。根据上文“for whom second-homers are prized customers”提到二手房是宝贵的客户，由此可知，建筑公司和DIY商店反对这一计划。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但法律上挑战失败了，第二套住房的禁令继续进行。A. fell through失败或突然停止；B. lagged behind落后于；C. went ahead 继续进行；D. came over过来。根据上文“But the legal challenge failed”由此可知，此处应表示第二套住房的禁令继续进行。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：参与设计该计划的人士表示，三年过去了，现在评价其影响还为时过早。A. assess评价；B. maximize使最大化；C. resist抵制；D. appreciate感谢。根据下文“But official statistics suggest that excluding second-home buyers from the new-build market has removed a big source of ____9____.”由此可知，此处应表示现在评价其影响还为时过早。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但官方统计数据显示，将二套房买家排除在新建市场之外，已经消除了一个巨大的需求来源。A. authority权威；B. income收入；C. conflict冲突；D. demand需求。根据上文“excluding second-home buyers from the new-build market”由此可知，此处应表示将二套房买家排除在新建市场之外，已经消除了一个巨大的需求来源。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：买不起房子的当地人可能会喜欢这个说法。A. refusing拒绝；B. struggling挣扎；C. managing设法，管理；D. claiming声称。根据上文“The price of new homes in the town is 13% below what it might have been if the previous growth rate had continued.”提到小镇的新房价格可能会比现在低13%。由此可知，此处应表示买不起房子的当地人可能会喜欢这个说法。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但它也有一个不受欢迎的副作用：房屋建设受到了影响。A. suffered遭受；B. changed改变；C. boomed迅速发展，繁荣；D. disappeared消失。根据上文“But it has had an unwelcome side-effect”由此可知，此处应表示它也有一个不受欢迎的副作用：房屋建设受到了影响。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他一些人可能会推迟破土动工，希望这项政策被放弃。A. passed通过；B. complimented称赞；C. justified证明；D. abandoned放弃。根据上文“Others may be holding off from breaking ground”提到推迟破土动工，由此可知，此处应表示一些人可能会推迟破土动工，希望这项政策被放弃。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但该公司表示，该政策使得该计划无法实施，因为公开市场的住房无法再补贴负担得起的住房。A. infeasible不可实行的；B. urgent紧急的；C. distinctive独特的；D. unpopular不受欢迎的。根据下文“because the open-market dwellings could no longer subsidize the affordable ones”提到公开市场的住房无法再补贴负担得起的住房，由此可知，此处应表示该政策使得该计划无法实施。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，圣艾夫斯的二套房买家似乎正将注意力转向不受政策覆盖的现有建筑。A. newly-bulit新建的；B. rural乡村的；C. urban城市的；D. existing现存的。根据下文“which are not covered by the policy.”由此可知，此处应表示圣艾夫斯的二套房买家似乎正将注意力转向不受政策覆盖的现有建筑。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了新建房屋，其他房屋的价格都在继续攀升。A. Rather than而不是；B. Thanks to归功于；C. Except for除了；D. Regardless of不管。根据下文“prices have continued to climb.”以及后一句“That represents a windfall to locals who already own their homes —and may eventually persuade even more of them to cash in and move out.”提到对已经拥有自己住房的当地人来说是一笔意外之财，由此可知，此处应表示除了新建房屋，其他房屋的价格都在继续攀升。故选C项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Born in 1823 in Wales, Alfred Russel Wallace was a man of humble background, but he had a passion for nature and he chose to follow it. He started out collecting insects as a hobby, but eventually his longing for adventure led him to explore the world. Luckily for Wallace, Victorian Britain was discovering an interest in weird and wonderful insects, so the demand from museums and private collections for these beasts was growing. Wallace was able to make a living doing what he loved: collecting beetles and other insects. But his first adventure of exploring the world ended in disaster. Wallace proceeded to the Amazon in South America. Its giant forests promised a wealth of new species, sure to put him on the scientific map. The trip took 6 weeks and involved every mode of transport in existence at the time. Four years later Wallace set off for home, but his boat caught fire in the middle of the Atlantic. Everyone survived, but Wallace had to watch in despair as his samples went up in flames—including live animals he was bringing home that were trying to jump free of the flames. But he did not let it stop him. In 1854, Wallace set off on another adventure, this time to the Malay Archipelago. Wallace found himself overshadowed by the new and exciting things he saw. He later recalled: “As I lie listening to these interesting sounds, I think how many besides myself have longed to see with their own eyes the many wonderful and beautiful things which I am daily encountering. ” In 1858. Wallace wrote what became known as the “Ternte essay”: a piece of writing that was to change our understanding of life forever. In his essay, Wallace argued that a species would only turn into another species if it was struggling for existence. Henry W. Bates was one of many scientists delighted by the idea of evolution by natural selection. In a letter to Wallace, he wrote: “The idea is like truth itself, so simple and obvious that those who read and understand it will be struck by its simplicity; and yet it is perfectly original.” 36. ________ finally pushed Wallage to explore the world. A. His strong affection for nature B. His deep love for adventure C. His life-long devotion to beasts D. Increasing demand for insects 37. Which of the following is TRUE about Wallace’s first trip? A It took him six weeks to explore the Amazon with all kinds of transportation. B. He made a scientific study of a fairly limited number of insects. C. The fire cost him his four years’ collection of animals. D. His passion cooled after the disaster. 38. Wallace felt ________ on the Malay Archipelago. A. fearless B. exhausted C. amazed D. nervous 39. Wallace’s idea on evolution of natural selection ________. A. revealed the origin of nature B. built up a new concept of life C. was too simple to be true D. made no sense at that time 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. C 39. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了华莱士提出的自然选择进化论观点的曲折的探索经历。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“He started out collecting insects as a hobby, but eventually his longing for adventure led him to explore the world. (一开始他把收集昆虫作为爱好，但最终他对冒险的渴望引导他探索世界)”可知，华莱士对冒险的热爱最终促使他开始探索世界。故选B项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题，根据第三段“Four years later Wallace set off for home, but his boat caught fire in the middle of the Atlantic. Everyone survived, but Wallace had to watch in despair as his samples went up in flames—including live animals he was bringing home that were trying to jump free of the flames. (4年后，华莱士启程回家，但他的船在大西洋中部起火。每个人都活了下来，但华莱士不得不绝望地看着他的样本在火焰中上升——包括他带回家的试图从火焰中跳跃的活体动物)”可知，这场大火使他失去了四年收集动物的努力。故选C项。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In 1854, Wallace set off on another adventure, this time to the Malay Archipelago. Wallace found himself overshadowed by the new and exciting things he saw. He later recalled: ‘As I lie listening to these interesting sounds, I think how many besides myself have longed to see with their own eyes the many wonderful and beautiful things which I am daily encountering. ’ (1854年，华莱士开始了另一次冒险，这次是马来群岛。华莱士发现自己被他所看到的新奇而激动人心的事物所折服。他后来回忆说：‘当我躺在那里听着这些有趣的声音时，我想，除了我之外，还有多少人渴望亲眼看看我每天遇到的那么多美妙和美丽的东西。’)”可知，华莱士对马来群岛感到惊奇。故选C项。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“In 1858. Wallace wrote what became known as the ‘Ternte essay’: a piece of writing that was to change our understanding of life forever. (1858年，华莱士写了一篇后来被称为‘第三篇文章’的文章，这篇文章将永远改变我们对生活的理解)”可知，华莱士关于自然选择进化的观点建立了新的生活观念。故选B项。 (B) Selling a Car to CarMax: How The Process Works What is CarMax? If you’re looking for used cars, you’ve likely come across a CarMax used car dealership or visited its website. CarMax has over230 locations across the country, and you can also buy a car through the retailer completely online. One advantage that CarMax has over completely online car retailers is that you can schedule a test drive at a vehicle’s CarMax location. Make an appointment with CarMax two working days prior to your test drive. Will CarMax Buy Any Vehicle? CarMax will buy most cars, even old cars that don’t even run. CarMax will even buy cars that they don’t expect to sell, such as badly damaged vehicles, that they will sell to auction. There are exceptions to the vehicles that CarMax will buy. The retailer will not buy a salvage vehicle. It will also not buy one with frame damage or flood damage. Here are the three basic steps to help you navigate the process. Step 1: Do Your Research Before you begin the process, you should do your research. There are a few online tools to help you estimate your car’s trade-in value like the iSeeCars Price my Car Tool, Kelley Blue Book (KBB), or Edmunds. These prices can give you a good starting point and help you understand the value of your car Step 2: Get an In-Person or Online Appraisal When you take your vehicle in for an appraisal, the inspection process will take around 30 minutes. The appraisal team will give you a written offer that is valid for seven days, which will allow you to shop around for a better offer or to secure your replacement vehicle. Keep in mind that this offer is non-negotiable. Step3: ________________ If you decide to have CarMax handle the sale of your car, you will then complete the necessary paperwork in the finance office. If you’re also purchasing a car through CarMax, your trade-in can be applied to your down payment (首付款). 40. According to paragraph 1 and 2, what is TRUE about CarMax? A. Customers can only do in-person trade if they choose CarMax. B. Arranging for test drives earns CarMax edge over other dealers C. CarMax is willing to give an offer to owners of any used car. D. Consumers can have a test drive even without reservation. 41. The underlined word “Appraisal” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ________. A. Evaluation B. Deal C. Repair D. Exchange 42. Which of the following best fits the blank in paragraph 5? A. Negotiate for a Better Price B. Book a Test Drive C. Maintain Your Car D. Accept the Offer 【答案】40. B 41. A 42. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了把车卖给二手车经销商CarMax：整个过程是如何运作的以及CarMax的介绍。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“One advantage that CarMax has over completely online car retailers is that you can schedule a test drive at a vehicle’s CarMax location.(CarMax相对于完全在线的汽车零售商的一个优势是，你可以在CarMax指定的地点安排试驾)”可知，安排试驾使CarMax比其他经销商更有优势。ACD均与原文实意不符。故选B项 【41题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第四段中“…the inspection process will take around 30 minutes.(检查过程大约需要30分钟)”以及“…give you a written offer that is valid for seven days, which will allow you to shop around for a better offer or to secure your replacement vehicle.( 给你一份有效期为七天的书面报价，你可以在这段时间里货比三家，寻找更好的报价，或者确保你的新车安全)”可知，当你把你的车进行评估时，评估团队会给你一份有效期为七天的书面报价。由此可知，划线单词Appraisal为“评估”的意思，与A项Evaluation“评价，评估”意思一致。故选A项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If you decide to have CarMax handle the sale of your car, you will then complete the necessary paperwork in the finance office.(如果你决定让CarMax处理你的汽车销售，那么你将在财务办公室完成必要的文件工作)”可推知，“接受这个报价”最适合第五段的空白处内容。故选D项。 (C) If you want to disturb the car industry, you'd better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players. By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems(生态系统）, small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys. As the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition (NYFC, 美国青年农会）and a family farmer myself. I have a front-row seat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry. For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour—a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand—suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers couldn't touch the price per pound offered by California farms. But now, with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business. The sustainable success of small farmers, though, won't happen without fundamental changes to the industry. One crucial factor is secure access to land. Competition from investors, developers, and established large farmers makes owning one's own land unattainable for many new farmers. From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions. Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a non-existent path to citizenship — the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own. With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering(多于）farmers younger than 35 by six to one, and with two-thirds of the nation's farmland in need of a new farmer, we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nation's food. There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy, but farmers can't clumsily put them together before us. We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers. 43. The author mentions car industry at the beginning of the passage to introduce . A. the progress made in car industry B. a special feature of agriculture C. a trend of development in agriculture D. the importance of investing in car industry 44. What does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2? A. Loans to small local farmers are necessary. B. Technology is vital for agricultural development. C. Competition between small and big farms is fierce D. Small farmers may gain some advantages over big ones. 45. What is the difficulty for those new farmers? A. To gain more financial aid. B. To hire good farm managers. C. To have farms of their own. D. To win old farmers’ support. 46. What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fair farm economy? A. Seek support beyond NYFC. B. Expand farmland conservation. C. Become members of NYFC. D. Invest more to improve technology. 【答案】43. B 44. D 45. C 46. A 【解析】 【分析】本文为说明文。文章作者作为全国青年农民联盟（NYFC）的联合创始人，分析了美国小农场的特点及目前美国小农场所面临的问题，督促国会对某些领域进行改革以支持美国国内小农场的发展 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一句话If you want to disturb the car industry, you'd better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies.可知，一般人不可能影响到汽车工业，而根据第二句话的but 可知，农业和工业是不同的，接下来就介绍了农业不同于工业的地方，故B正确。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段第二句It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour—a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand—suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California.可以，推知新农具使小农场收获绿色蔬菜的效率提高，降低了收获成本，再根据最后一句But now, with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business.，小农场价格与大农场价格接近和小农场产品更新鲜的特点，这使得小农场相对于大农场有了一些相对的优势，故选D。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句话Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a non-existent path to citizenship — the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own.可知，新农民面临的最大挑战是无法获得公民身份，因此不能建设自己的农场，故选C。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from all backgrounds.可知，NYFC需要广泛的支持，包括要求国会增加农田保护，推动移民改革，寻求确保不同背景的新农民的成功的政策等，所以为了保证农业经济的可持续发展农民需要寻求NYFC以外的很多方面的支持。故选A。 点睛：根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可能是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据，推论有理，忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。本题中的第二小题是推理判断题，即根据例子判断作者想要解释什么，根据原文根据文章第二段可知一位年轻的农民发明了一件新农具，再根据第二句It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour—a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand—suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California.可以，推知新农具使小农场收获绿色蔬菜的效率提高，降低了收获成本，再根据最后一句，小农场价格与大农场价格接近和小农场产品更新鲜的特点，这使得小农场相对于大农场有了一些相对的优势，故选D。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you? ____47____ We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses. The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ____48____ “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going. The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in-person courses. ____49____ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards. ____50____ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meetings with your professor to discuss course concepts. A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. B. Your motivation should be your main concern. C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education? D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. E. The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction. F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? 【答案】47. F 48. A 49. D 50. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在线学习需要注意的一些事项。 【47题详解】 前文“But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you? (但是所有的在线课程都是一样的吗？你如何确定数字化学习适合你呢？)”提出两个常见的关于在线课程的问题，后文“We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses. (我们采访了学生和教授，听取他们对在线课程的建议。)”指出相关建议来自学生和教授，因此F项“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? (如果你选择在线课程，你能做些什么来确保最好的成绩？)”符合语境，也是一个关于在线课程的具体问题，和前文是平行关系，引出后文。故选F。 【48题详解】 前文“The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. (在线学习最明显的优势是你可以随时随地学习。)”指出在线学习的一个优势：不受时空限制，后文““I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. (研究生Amanda Bindman说：“我认为很多人都忽视了一点，那就是落后于计划是多么容易。”)”通过一名研究生说的话指出我们容易落后于计划，因此A项“But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. (但这并不意味着没有最后期限。)”符合语境，点明在线学习同样有最后期限，和前文构成转折关系，引出后文，其中的that指前文的“可以随时随地学习”。故选A。 【49题详解】 前文“The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in-person courses. (最常见的建议很简单：把在线课程纳入你的每周计划，就像你在面授课程中所做的那样。)”建议像参与面授课程一样定期参与在线课程，后文“He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. (他指出，他的在线学生最终的成绩通常较低。)”给出某个人对在线学生成绩的观察结果，因此D项“Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. (Alex Davidson教授面授和网授同样的课程。)”符合语境，介绍Alex Davidson教授的身份，承前启后，其中的in person和前文的in-person呼应，Professor Alex Davidson是后文的He指代的对象。故选D。 【50题详解】 后文“A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. (社交联系通常是学习的重要组成部分。你可以做一些事情来缓解这个问题。)”提到社交联系的重要性，并指出有缓解某个问题的方法，因此E项“The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction. (人们对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺乏人际互动。)”符合语境，指出在线课程的最大问题是缺乏人际互动，引出后文，后文的this problem指“缺乏人际互动”。故选E。 第Ⅱ卷 (共50分) I. Summary (10%) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Wilderness therapy When most people think of psychotherapy, they picture patients relaxing on a sofa and spilling all of their emotions. “Tell me about your childhood,” the therapist says, taking a drag of his cigar. In reality, therapy takes place in all kinds of settings. One of them is wilderness therapy. When the campsite is set up and the fire is lit, the doctor is in. Wilderness therapy is a successful, and sometimes controversial way to help troubled youth by teaching life and social skills on the hiking traits. Intensive group therapy and one-on-one sessions are coupled with outdoor activities like mountain climbing and fly-fishing to teach self-reliance and responsibility. Programs promise to reform even the most wayward of offenders, including teens with depression, anger management issues, or eating disorders. While wilderness therapy can be effective, certain methods have come under fire for using unethical, and sometimes downright abusive, techniques to help struggling youth. Wilderness programs are loosely regulated, so not all programs are staffed by qualified professionals. Upon closer examination, some “therapy” groups seemed to be just military-style boot camps with little mental health benefit. Even legal wilderness therapy groups have been criticized for partnering with teen escort (护送者) companies to forcibly remove unwilling participants from their homes to attend the program. While controversy and risk exist, wilderness therapy might be a creative way to teach life skills when other methods have failed. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Wildness therapy is a kind of psychotherapy, which is a successful one with argument. It is aimed to reform youths in trouble by having them get involved in outdoor activities. It is criticized/blamed for some of its methods, lack of professional staff and not being mentally beneficial. However, it is a creative way to equip youths with life and social skills. 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。野性疗法是一种心理治疗，是一种成功的有争议的心理治疗。它的目的是通过让青少年参与户外活动来改造陷入困境的青少年。人们批评它的一些方法，缺乏专业人员，对精神没有益处。然而，这是一种让年轻人掌握生活和社交技能的创造性方式。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Wilderness therapy is a successful, and sometimes controversial way to help troubled youth by teaching life and social skills on the hiking traits. ②Programs promise to reform even the most wayward of offenders, including teens with depression, anger management issues, or eating disorders. ③Wilderness programs are loosely regulated, so not all programs are staffed by qualified professionals. Upon closer examination, some “therapy” groups seemed to be just military-style boot camps with little mental health benefit. ④While controversy and risk exist, wilderness therapy might be a creative way to teach life skills when other methods have failed. 2.缜密构思 将1、2、3、4、四个要点进行分说。 3.遣词造句 Wildness therapy is a kind of psychotherapy, which is a successful one with argument. It is aimed to reform youths in trouble by having them get involved in outdoor activities. It is criticized/blamed for some of its methods, lack of professional staff and not being mentally beneficial. However, it is a creative way to equip youths with life and social skills. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Wildness therapy is a kind of psychotherapy, which is a successful one with argument.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] However, it is a creative way to equip youths with life and social skills.（运用了不定式作真正主语，it作形式主语） II. Translation (15%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 缺乏配合是我们昨天比赛失利的原因吗? (responsible) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Was lack of cooperation responsible for our losing the match yesterday? 【解析】 【详解】考查时态，动词和短语。分析句子可知，句子是一般疑问句，主语“缺乏配合” 用lack of cooperation，be responsible for“对……应负责任”作谓语，表示“是……的原因”。主语lack是不可数名词，根据时间状语“昨天”，可知用一般过去时，故be动词用单数was，置句首构成一般疑问句；lose the match“输掉比赛”作介词for的宾语，用动名词形式；表示“我们比赛失利”，在动名词短语前加物主代词our；yesterday“昨天”作状语，综上所述，故译为：Was lack of cooperation responsible for our losing the match yesterday? 53. 这位小说家坚持要把重点放在阅读经典作品的原著上。(insist) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The novelist insists on focusing on reading original works of classic literature. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词、动词短语、名词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，表示“这位小说家”为名词The novelist；表示“坚持做某事”应为动词短语insist on doing；表示“专注于做某事”应为动词短语focus on doing；表示“经典作品的原著”应为名词短语original works of classic literature；结合句意可知，该句应为一般现在时。故翻译为The novelist insists on focusing on reading original works of classic literature. 54. 正是高中的学习经历使我们坚信无论过程多么艰辛，我们的努力终将会得到回报。(pay) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It was the learning experience in high school that convinced us that no matter how hard the process was, our efforts would eventually pay off. 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句、从句和时态。本句为强调句结构为It was + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分。强调的是“（高中的学习经历） the learning experience in high school”，句子描述过去的事情，使用一般过去时。动词convince表示“使……坚信”，结构为convince us that…，后接宾语从句。宾语从句中，no matter how引导让步状语从句，hard为形容词，process为名词，时态为一般过去时；“我们的努力”为our efforts，“得到回报”为pay off，使用过去将来时would eventually pay off。故翻译为It was the learning experience in high school that convinced us that no matter how hard the process was, our efforts would eventually pay off. 55. 由于常见的食物来源越来越少，北极熊越来越接近人类放置垃圾的区域，其中包括易拉罐和用完的食品包装。(where) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】With their usual food sources dwindling, polar bears are getting closer and closer to areas where humans place waste, including cans and used up food packaging. 【解析】 【详解】考查with的复合结构和定语从句。根据句意可知，本句表示正在进行的动作，用现在进行时。“由于常见的食物来源越来越少”处理成with的复合结构，“常见的食物来源”为their usual food sources ；与“越来越少”为dwindle，为主动关系，所以构成：with+名词+现在分词；“北极熊”为 polar bears ，“越来越接近”为be getting closer and closer，“区域”为areas，作宾语，同时为先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词为where。“人类放置垃圾的”翻译成where humans place waste。“包括易拉罐和用完的食品包装”翻译成介词短语：including cans and used up food packaging。故翻译为：With their usual food sources dwindling, polar bears are getting closer and closer to areas where humans place waste, including cans and used up food packaging. III. Guided Writing (25%) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学的学生李明。今年寒假，学校将开展“传统民间艺术进社区”主题活动，由你所在的校志愿者社团承办。请给社团主席以邮件的形式，写一份活动策划方案，内容包括： 1 活动针对的人群、地点; 2 活动的主要内容及其意义。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear President, I’m Li Ming from our school’s volunteer club. I am thrilled to know that the school will carry out a theme activity of “Traditional Folk Art into Communities” during the winter holiday. Here is my plan for the event. The activity targets community residents, especially the elderly and children. It will be held in the nearby community center. We’ll set up different sections. One section will display traditional folk artworks like paper-cuttings, which can let people directly appreciate their beauty. There will also be a hands-on area for making simple handicrafts under the guidance of our club members. Through this, we can not only inherit and promote traditional folk art but also enrich the cultural life of the community. It will enhance the connection between our school and the community. Looking forward to your feedback. Yours, Li Ming 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给社团主席以邮件的形式，写一份关于学校将开展“传统民间艺术进社区”主题活动的活动策划方案。其内容包括：活动针对的人群、地点和活动的主要内容及其意义。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：thrilled→delighted 不同的：different→various 展示：display→ exhibit 欣赏：appreciate→admire 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句： The activity targets community residents, especially the elderly and children. It will be held in the nearby community center. 拓展句： The activity, which will be held in the nearby community center, targets community residents, especially the elderly and children. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 I am thrilled to know that the school will carry out a theme activity of “Traditional Folk Art into Communities” during the winter holiday.（运用了that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】 One section will display traditional folk artworks like paper-cuttings, which can let people directly appreciate their beauty.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第一学期市二中学期中考试试卷 高三英语 试卷 2024.10 (考试时间120分钟，总分140分) 第I卷 (共90分) I. Listening Comprehension (25%) Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In a bookstore. B. In a news-stand. C. In a library. D. In a cinema. 2. A. An office location. B. The postal code. C. A telephone number. D. The postage. 3 A. A tour guide. B. A customs officer. C. A salesperson. D. A business partner. 4. A. Go to the 3rd street. B. Leave for the airport. C. Find a restaurant around. D. Go to the 22nd street. 5. A. He is quite satisfied with his new job. B. He used to repair three cars every day. C. He complains about a heavy workload. D. He considers his previous job less tiring. 6. A. The man is preparing for the final exam. B. There are many textbooks at the corner. C. The woman probably majors in Biology. D. The woman and the man are reviewing lessons. 7. A. Why to buy the new house. B. Whether to sell the house. C. How to decorate the house. D. How market prices change. 8. A. The man should keep his promise. B. The man is to blame. C. She regrets asking the man for help. D. Billy can take her there. 9. A. He is a close friend of the woman. B. He is being interviewed for a job. C. He is an experienced sales manager. D. He has a high position in the company. 10. A. The economist is from his school. B. The economist is knowledgeable. C. The economist is just so so. D. The economist is charming. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. When they returned from school. B. After they got up. C. Whenever they felt unhappy. D. After they had dinner. 12. A. They talked about different topics. B. They drank coffee less frequently. C. They started to argue with each other. D. They stopped having coffee talks completely. 13. A. Her mother’s favorite coffee cup. B. Her mother’s perfume and necklace. C. The experiences her mother once had. D. The special conversations with her mother. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Finding an ideal job. B. Helping others in trouble. C. Wearing fashionable skirts. D. Living in a beautiful apartment. 15. A. To explore psychology and philosophy. B. To finish his paper on positive psychology. C. To find how people can live a meaningful life. D. To pursue happiness and get rid of depression. 16. A. By editing, interpreting and retelling their story. B. By being loyal to what happens in their daily life. C. By learning from the events of other people’s life. D. By fully understanding how others became fulfilled. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Human civilization. B. The future of humanity. C. The power of choice. D. The value of knowledge. 18. A. By making difficult topics easy to understand. B. By showing how plants has evolved in history. C. By isolating historical events throughout history. D. By expanding people’s understanding of the world. 19. A. The Midnight Library. B. Sapiens. C. Homo Deus. D. Species. 20. A. Studying the future of humanity. B. Exchanging ideas about great books. C. Deciding on the most inspiring book. D. Comparing famous writers in history. II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%) Section A Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use an e word that best fits each blank. Are you afraid of getting old? ____1____ we get past the age of 25, many of us immediately feel the urge to stop the signs of ageing — especially the visible ones. Men and women are now using topical “anti-ageing” creams, spa treatments and medical procedures ____2____ (fight) many of them. ____3____ these methods can somewhat affect the way you look, ageing is an internal process. A new study has found exactly when during your lifetime this process peaks. A group of scientists based out of the Stanford University School of Medicine have discovered that ____4____ being a smooth, continuous process, ageing surges forward at three distinct stages of life: first. at the age of 34, then at age 60, and finally at 78. The study, recently published in Nature Medicine, ____5____ (reveal) that scientists can not only predict your age by studying the proteome (protein levels in the blood) but also determine which organs are ageing faster than the others, and which age-related diseases your body is ____6____ (likely) to develop. The study measured plasma proteins (血浆蛋白) collected from 4,263 adults between the ages of 18-95 years and studied the changes in the proteome that occurred with age. Their ultimate goal was to understand how to identify the changes associated with cardiovascular issues and age-related diseases like Alzheimer’s ____7____ merapeutic treatments can be devised to oppose their attack while there’s still time. Dr Tony Wyss-Coray, one of the leading members of the study. told Stanford Medicine News Center, “We’ve known for a long time that ____8____ (measure) certain proteins can give you information about a person’s health status — lipoproteins (脂蛋白) for cardiovascular health, for example. But it hasn’t been appreciated that so many different proteins’ levels — roughly a third of all the ones we looked at —change markedly with advancing age.” This difference between the chronological and physiological age, according to the scientists’ “plasma-protein clock”, showed that a lot of people in the study seemed younger than they actually were. What’s more, the study also confirmed that men and women, though equally ____9____ (represent) in the study; aged differently. Does this mean medications and lifestyle methods, with further research, can also be devised to help _____10_____ ages too rapidly and is at risk of contracting age-related diseases like hypertension and Alzheimer’s? You never know. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. finals B. pushing C. previous D. positive E. precision F. excelled G. highlight H. guided I. securing J. accomplishments K. inspiring The Chinese delegation showcased an impressive performance at the Paris Olympics, demonstrating both skill and determination in a wide range of sports. With over 400 athletes, China aimed to build on its ____11____ successes and make a significant impact on the global stage. In athletics, Chinese track and field athletes delivered standout performances, with several competitors reaching the ____12____ in various events. The sprinting team, particularly in the women’s category, showed remarkable speed and agility (敏捷), ____13____ multiple medal stands. In distance running, China’s long-distance runners also made their mark, ____14____ the limits and setting personal bests. Swimming was another ____15____ for the Chinese delegation. The swimmers displayed exceptional talent, breaking national records and earning numerous medals. Gymnastics remained a traditional stronghold for China, with gymnasts performing with ____16____ and artistry. The men’s and women’s teams both ____17____, contributing to the overall medal count with breathtaking routines that captivated audiences. The athletes’ dedication to their craft was evident, as they executed complex performances with grace under immense pressure. Overall, the Chinese delegation’s performance in Paris was marked by adaptability and sportsmanship. Their ____18____ not only illustrated individual talent but also reflected the strength of China’s sporting culture. As the games concluded, the athletes returned home as heroes, ____19____ future generations to pursue excellence in sports. The success in Paris set a(n) _____20_____ tone for future international competitions, reinforcing China’s position as a powerhouse in the world of athletics. III. Reading Comprehension (45%) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Out-of-towners have long flocked to St Ives. Artists such as J. M W. Turner and Barbara Hepworth were ____21____ to the town’s clear light. Others come for the seafood and sandy beaches. Even the town’s notoriously aggressive seagulls, who dive-bomb unsuspecting tourists and steal their Cornish pasties, are not enough to ____22____ outsiders. But St Ives’s popularity has a downside: visitors ____23____ the local housing market. Locals worry that the town is becoming a playground for rich Londoners, who in the summer months arrive on the sleeper train from Paddington. At the last count, a quarter of the dwellings in St Ives were second homes or ____24____. So in May 2016 locals decided to do something about it, voting in a referendum (公投) to introduce a “principal-residence policy”, which stops newly built houses in the town being used as second homes. The thinking went that by stopping holidaymakers from snapping up new-builds, housing would become more ____25____ to people who live in St Ives all year round. Building firms and DIY shops, for whom second-homers are prized customers, ____26____ the plan. One property firm even challenged the policy in the High Court. But the legal challenge failed and the second-home ban ____27____. Since then a few other Cornish towns have introduced their own versions of the policy. Those involved in designing the plan say that, three years on, it is too early to ____28____ its impact. But official statistics suggest that excluding second-home buyers from the new-build market has removed a big source of ____29____. The price of new homes in the town is 13% below what it might have been if the previous growth rate had continued. Locals _____30_____ to afford a property may like the sound of this. But it has had an unwelcome side-effect: house building has _____31_____. Developers who bought land when it was pricier can in some cases no longer sell homes at a profit. Others may be holding off from breaking ground in the hope that the policy is _____32_____. In 2015 Acorn Property Group, a local firm, was about to buy a site for 34 homes,14 of them “affordable” (i.e., sold or let at below-market rates). But the policy made the scheme _____33_____ because the open-market dwellings could no longer subsidize (资助) the affordable ones, the company says. Meanwhile, second-home buyers in St Ives seem to be shifting their attention to _____34_____ buildings, which are not covered by the policy. Data from Hamptons International, a property firm suggest that in St Ives second-homers form a larger share of transactions than before the policy came into force. _____35_____ new-builds, prices have continued to climb. That represents a windfall (意外之财) to locals who already own their homes —and may eventually persuade even more of them to cash in and move out. 21. A. sent B. drawn C. attached D. committed 22. A. take in B. put off C. fight far D. put down 23. A. expand B. lose C. create D. dominate 24. A. holiday lets B. industrial lands C. hi-tech zones D. waste areas 25. A. comfortable B. convenient C. affordable D. important 26. A. advocated B. revised C. presented D. opposed 27. A. fell through B. lagged behind C. went ahead D. came over 28. A. assess B. maximize C. resist D. appreciate 29. A. authority B. income C. conflict D. demand 30. A. refusing B. struggling C. managing D. claiming 31. A. suffered B. changed C. boomed D. disappeared 32. A. passed B. complimented C. justified D. abandoned 33. A. infeasible B. urgent C. distinctive D. unpopular 34. A. newly-built B. rural C. urban D. existing 35. A. Rather than B. Thanks to C. Except for D. Regardless of Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Born in 1823 in Wales, Alfred Russel Wallace was a man of humble background, but he had a passion for nature and he chose to follow it. He started out collecting insects as a hobby, but eventually his longing for adventure led him to explore the world. Luckily for Wallace, Victorian Britain was discovering an interest in weird and wonderful insects, so the demand from museums and private collections for these beasts was growing. Wallace was able to make a living doing what he loved: collecting beetles and other insects. But his first adventure of exploring the world ended in disaster. Wallace proceeded to the Amazon in South America. Its giant forests promised a wealth of new species, sure to put him on the scientific map. The trip took 6 weeks and involved every mode of transport in existence at the time. Four years later Wallace set off for home, but his boat caught fire in the middle of the Atlantic. Everyone survived, but Wallace had to watch in despair as his samples went up in flames—including live animals he was bringing home that were trying to jump free of the flames. But he did not let it stop him. In 1854, Wallace set off on another adventure, this time to the Malay Archipelago. Wallace found himself overshadowed by the new and exciting things he saw. He later recalled: “As I lie listening to these interesting sounds, I think how many besides myself have longed to see with their own eyes the many wonderful and beautiful things which I am daily encountering. ” In 1858. Wallace wrote what became known as the “Ternte essay”: a piece of writing that was to change our understanding of life forever. In his essay, Wallace argued that a species would only turn into another species if it was struggling for existence. Henry W. Bates was one of many scientists delighted by the idea of evolution by natural selection. In a letter to Wallace, he wrote: “The idea is like truth itself, so simple and obvious that those who read and understand it will be struck by its simplicity; and yet it is perfectly original.” 36. ________ finally pushed Wallage to explore the world. A. His strong affection for nature B. His deep love for adventure C. His life-long devotion to beasts D. Increasing demand for insects 37. Which of the following is TRUE about Wallace’s first trip? A. It took him six weeks to explore the Amazon with all kinds of transportation. B. He made a scientific study of a fairly limited number of insects. C. The fire cost him his four years’ collection of animals. D. His passion cooled after the disaster. 38 Wallace felt ________ on the Malay Archipelago. A. fearless B. exhausted C. amazed D. nervous 39. Wallace’s idea on evolution of natural selection ________. A. revealed the origin of nature B. built up a new concept of life C was too simple to be true D. made no sense at that time (B) Selling a Car to CarMax: How The Process Works What is CarMax? If you’re looking for used cars, you’ve likely come across a CarMax used car dealership or visited its website. CarMax has over230 locations across the country, and you can also buy a car through the retailer completely online. One advantage that CarMax has over completely online car retailers is that you can schedule a test drive at a vehicle’s CarMax location. Make an appointment with CarMax two working days prior to your test drive. Will CarMax Buy Any Vehicle? CarMax will buy most cars, even old cars that don’t even run. CarMax will even buy cars that they don’t expect to sell, such as badly damaged vehicles, that they will sell to auction. There are exceptions to the vehicles that CarMax will buy. The retailer will not buy a salvage vehicle. It will also not buy one with frame damage or flood damage. Here are the three basic steps to help you navigate the process. Step 1: Do Your Research Before you begin the process, you should do your research. There are a few online tools to help you estimate your car’s trade-in value like the iSeeCars Price my Car Tool, Kelley Blue Book (KBB), or Edmunds. These prices can give you a good starting point and help you understand the value of your car Step 2: Get an In-Person or Online Appraisal When you take your vehicle in for an appraisal, the inspection process will take around 30 minutes. The appraisal team will give you a written offer that is valid for seven days, which will allow you to shop around for a better offer or to secure your replacement vehicle. Keep in mind that this offer is non-negotiable. Step3: ________________ If you decide to have CarMax handle the sale of your car, you will then complete the necessary paperwork in the finance office. If you’re also purchasing a car through CarMax, your trade-in can be applied to your down payment (首付款). 40. According to paragraph 1 and 2, what is TRUE about CarMax? A. Customers can only do in-person trade if they choose CarMax. B. Arranging for test drives earns CarMax edge over other dealers C. CarMax is willing to give an offer to owners of any used car. D. Consumers can have a test drive even without reservation. 41. The underlined word “Appraisal” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ________. A. Evaluation B. Deal C. Repair D. Exchange 42. Which of the following best fits the blank in paragraph 5? A. Negotiate for a Better Price B. Book a Test Drive C. Maintain Your Car D. Accept the Offer (C) If you want to disturb the car industry, you'd better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players. By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems(生态系统）, small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys. As the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition (NYFC, 美国青年农会）and a family farmer myself. I have a front-row seat to the innovations among small farmers that are transforming the industry. For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, a tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour—a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand—suddenly making it possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers couldn't touch the price per pound offered by California farms. But now, with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business. The sustainable success of small farmers, though, won't happen without fundamental changes to the industry. One crucial factor is secure access to land. Competition from investors, developers, and established large farmers makes owning one's own land unattainable for many new farmers. From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions. Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers is a non-existent path to citizenship — the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own. With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering(多于）farmers younger than 35 by six to one, and with two-thirds of the nation's farmland in need of a new farmer, we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nation's food. There are solutions that could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy, but farmers can't clumsily put them together before us. We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farms from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers. 43. The author mentions car industry at the beginning of the passage to introduce . A. the progress made in car industry B. a special feature of agriculture C. a trend of development in agriculture D. the importance of investing in car industry 44. What does the author want to illustrate with the example in paragraph 2? A. Loans to small local farmers are necessary. B. Technology is vital for agricultural development. C. Competition between small and big farms is fierce D. Small farmers may gain some advantages over big ones. 45. What is the difficulty for those new farmers? A. To gain more financial aid. B. To hire good farm managers. C. To have farms of their own. D. To win old farmers’ support. 46. What should farmers do for a more sustainable and fair farm economy? A. Seek support beyond NYFC. B. Expand farmland conservation. C. Become members of NYFC. D Invest more to improve technology. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you? ____47____ We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses. The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ____48____ “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going. The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in-person courses. ____49____ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards. ____50____ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meetings with your professor to discuss course concepts. A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. B. Your motivation should be your main concern. C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education? D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. E. The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction. F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? 第Ⅱ卷 (共50分) I. Summary (10%) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Wilderness therapy When most people think of psychotherapy, they picture patients relaxing on a sofa and spilling all of their emotions. “Tell me about your childhood,” the therapist says, taking a drag of his cigar. In reality, therapy takes place in all kinds of settings. One of them is wilderness therapy. When the campsite is set up and the fire is lit, the doctor is in. Wilderness therapy is a successful, and sometimes controversial way to help troubled youth by teaching life and social skills on the hiking traits. Intensive group therapy and one-on-one sessions are coupled with outdoor activities like mountain climbing and fly-fishing to teach self-reliance and responsibility. Programs promise to reform even the most wayward of offenders, including teens with depression, anger management issues, or eating disorders. While wilderness therapy can be effective, certain methods have come under fire for using unethical, and sometimes downright abusive, techniques to help struggling youth. Wilderness programs are loosely regulated, so not all programs are staffed by qualified professionals. Upon closer examination, some “therapy” groups seemed to be just military-style boot camps with little mental health benefit. Even legal wilderness therapy groups have been criticized for partnering with teen escort (护送者) companies to forcibly remove unwilling participants from their homes to attend the program. While controversy and risk exist, wilderness therapy might be a creative way to teach life skills when other methods have failed. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ II. Translation (15%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 缺乏配合是我们昨天比赛失利的原因吗? (responsible) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 这位小说家坚持要把重点放在阅读经典作品的原著上。(insist) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 正是高中的学习经历使我们坚信无论过程多么艰辛，我们的努力终将会得到回报。(pay) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 由于常见的食物来源越来越少，北极熊越来越接近人类放置垃圾的区域，其中包括易拉罐和用完的食品包装。(where) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ III. Guided Writing (25%) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假如你是明启中学学生李明。今年寒假，学校将开展“传统民间艺术进社区”主题活动，由你所在的校志愿者社团承办。请给社团主席以邮件的形式，写一份活动策划方案，内容包括： 1 活动针对的人群、地点; 2 活动的主要内容及其意义。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$