Unit 4 Do it yourself.-2024-2025学年英语八年级上册单元知识点总结+课文原句+例题（牛津译林版）

八年级上册Unit 4知识点总结（牛津译林版） 一、语法总结（祈使句用法） 一、祈使句的含义 祈使句表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、希望、建议、请求或命令等。祈使句一般以动词原形开头,无时态和数的变化 二、祈使句的常见句型： 以动词原形开头的祈使句 (Do型/Be型) 这类句子的主语常是第二人称you,但you常省略。否定形式是直接在动词前加______或 ______。 ★Don't give yourself too much stress. 不要给你自己太多压力。 ★______ too late to learn. 学习永远不会太晚。 ★Be careful not to get lost. 注意不要迷路了。 由let构成的祈使句 (Let型) 这类祈使句常用于请求允许( let us)或提出建议(let’s)。 肯定形式:Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分 否定形式: ① ______let+宾语(第三人称)+动词原形+其他成分 ②Let+宾语(第一人称)+ ______+动词原形+其他成分 ★Let's go for a picnic tomorrow. 让我们明天去野餐吧。 ★Open your mouth and ______ me have a look. 张开你的嘴，让我看看。 ★Don’t let me down. 不要让我失望 No+v.ing/名词 (No型） 这类祈使句实际上省略了动词,常用在请求、命令和口号中。有些祈使句以no开头,后加名词或动名词,常用于公共场合的提示语,表示 “______做某事”。 ★ No Photos!禁止拍照 ★ No Parking!禁止停车! ★ No Visitors!游客止步! 三、祈使句的答语 回答祈使句时,要用一般将来时,肯定回答用“Yes, I will.”,否定回答用“____________” 祈使句 用法小练 一、单项选择 1．Study hard, ________ you will fail the exam. A．but B．or C．and 2．Work hard, _________ you will fall behind others. A．and B．but C．or D．so 3．Work hard, ________ you’ll catch up with your classmates next time. A．but B．and C．or 4．Work hard, ________ you may fall behind your classmates. A．or B．but C．and 5．—Let’s go to the dragon boat race, ________ we’ll miss the fun of the festival. —That sounds great. A．but B．so C．or D．unless 6．Life is like a journey. ________ ahead, and you will see a lot more beautiful scenery (风景). A．Plan B．To plan C．Planning D．Plans 7．John, ______ the road when the traffic light turns red. It’s very dangerous. A．mustn’t cross B．not to cross C．don’t cross D．not cross 8．Hurry up, ________ we will miss the train! A．and B．so C．but D．or 9．________ more in your daily life, and you’ll be full of energy. A．To exercise B．Exercise C．Exercising D．Exercised 二、完成句子 10．远离香烟，你就能过长寿，健康幸福的生活。 from cigarettes and you can live a long, healthy and happy life. 11．Mary, please my best wishes . (给你妈妈带去) 三、单词拼写 12．First, (connection) the printer with the computer. 13．Don’t be afraid to make mistakes, you won’t make progress in your study. 14．Go bird-watching in Qinglong Lake, you will find it fun and meaningful. 15． (close) the windows before you leave the room. 16．When given something you don’t want to eat, just r politely. Unit4知识点总结： 1. finish(动词）完成--（P.44） （1）__________________ sth 做完某事 （2）finish the task  完成任务 （3）finish middle school 中学毕业 例句赏析：It is five years since I came to this city after finishing middle school.  我中学毕业来到这个城市已经五年了。 课文原句：My cousin is crazy about DIY. He loves to repair things and decorate his house. __________________ 我表弟对DIY很着迷。他喜欢修理东西和装饰他的房子。但当他完成后，房子总是看起来很糟糕！ 例题：I won’t go to play volleyball until my homework ________. A．finished B．will finish C．is finished D．was finished 2. mistake(可数名词）错误（动词）错认为--[mɪ'steɪk] --（P.44） （1）make a mistake  犯错误 --__________________ 避免犯错误 （2）mistake A for B  把A 错认成B （3）by mistake  错误地 好句赏析：Although mistakes are annoying，as long as we face them bravely，we will succeed sooner or later.  虽然错误很烦人，但只要我们勇敢地面对，我们迟早会成功。 课文原句：He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom，but __________________. 他曾经试图在卧室里装一盏更亮的灯，但他犯了一个错误。 例题： —Could you tell me why you always get good grades? —________ you study, ________ mistakes you’ll make. A．The harder, fewer B．The harder; the less C．Harder; fewer D．The harder; the fewer 3. whole（形容词）整个的--[həʊl] --（P.44） （1）__________________ 全班 （2）the whole day 全天 （3）spend the whole day doing sth 花费一整天做某事 例句：He had difficulty understanding the whole story. 他很难理解整个故事。 课文原句：__________________ 整个房子都停电了。 例题: —Did you have fun at the music festival? —Of course! I jumped with ________ during the whole performance! A．stress B．excitement C．silence 4. full(形容词）满了的；饱了的-- [fʊl] --（P.44） （1）be full of=be filled with...  充满... --__________________ 充满精力；精力充沛 （2）make full use of...  充分利用... -- make full use of our spare time   充分利用我们的空闲时间 （3）take full advantage of... 充分利用... 好句赏析： Let's make full use of our spare time and promote our literacy.让我们充分利用业余时间，提高我们的素养。 课文原句：Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he hit a pipe and __________ 还有一次，他想在卧室的墙上挂一幅画，但他撞到了一根管子，把房间灌满了水。 例题： Mr Wang started to do the experiment. He first filled a bottle ________ water. A．at B．for C．with D．in 5. keep(动词)保持；持续--[kiːp] --（P.44） （1）keep +形容词  保持…. --keep calm  保持冷静 （2）keep +宾语+形容词   -- __________________ 保证某人安全=ensure one’s safety （3）keep doing sth  一直做某事 （4）keep sb from doing sth  阻止某人做某事 例句赏析：It hard for players to make great progress unless they keep taking scientific training.  除非坚持进行科学训练 否则如今的运动员想要取得巨大进步是很难的。 课文原句：Last month ， he thought the living room in his house was boring，so he painted it blue. His mum said,“Stop it.” But __________________. 上个月，他觉得家里的客厅很无聊，所以他把它漆成蓝色。他妈妈说：“住手。”但他还是继续画画。 例题：The little girl kept ________ the house because she wanted to keep it clean. A．in cleaning B．cleaning C．to clean D．clean 6. 辨析“花费”--（P.44） （1）sb spend time\money (in) doing sth  某人花费时间\金钱做某事 --__________________ sth  某人花费\时间在某事上 （2）It takes\took sb+时间+to do sth  某人花费时间做某事 --It takes about eight minutes for the light to travel from the sun to the earth. 光从太阳到达地球大约需要8分钟。 --It took David 20 minutes to finish his homework last night. 大卫昨晚花了20分钟才完成作业。 （3）sth cost sb+金钱  某物花费某人...钱--cost--cost （4）sb pay money for sth 某人花钱买某物 例句赏析：Attracted by the beauty of nature, the girl decided to spend another two days on the farm. 被大自然的美丽所吸引，女孩决定在农场再待两天。 课文原句：When I wanted a shelf above my bed, he said, “No problem！” He then __________________ 当我想在床上放个架子时，他说：“没问题！”然后他花了五个小时把架子搭在墙上。 7. end(名词）末尾（动词）结束--[end] --（P.44） （1）at the end of... 在...末尾；在...尽头 --__________________  在街道尽头 --at the end of June  在六月末 （2）by the end of... 截止到...时候为止 （3）In the end 最后；终于=at last （4）end up doing sth 最终做了某事 --end up being+形容词 最终... （5）end the war  结束战争 例句赏析：The United Nation and other organizations are trying to end the war.   联合国和其他组织正在努力结束战争。 课文原句：Then I put my books on the shelf. They couldn’t stay there because __________________ 然后我把我的书放在书架上。他们不能呆在那里，因为架子的一端比另一端高得多。 例题: —Where is the post office, please? —It’s _________ the Center Street. A．in the end B．by the end of C．at the end of 8. buy(动词）买-- [baɪ]--bought--bought --（P.44） （1）buy sb sth=__________________ 为某人买某物 （2）which on to buy 买哪个 （3）buy on latest magazine 买一本最新的杂志 例句赏析：Was the red pencil bought by your father last week? 红色的铅笔是你爸爸上周买的吗? 课文原句：I__________________ and I also advised him to take a course in DIY. 我给他买了一些关于DIY的书，我还建议他参加DIY课程。 例题：—When did you ________ the computer? It looks nice. —Oh, I ________ it three days ago. A．buy; buy B．bought; bought C．buy; bought 9. 辨析: take part in ；join ；attend --（P.44） （1）take part in表示参加某项活动-join in --Who will____________________________________? 谁将参加明天的竞赛？ （2）join表示参加或加入某种组织或团体，强调成为其中一员。 --He joined the Party ten years ago. 他10年前入党。 （3）attend：指出席比较正式的场合 --I was ill, and therefore could not attend the conference. 我病了，所以不能参加会议。 例句赏析：I often imagine myself attending my ideal university to cheer myself up. 我经常想象自己进入理想的大学，让自己振作起来。 课文原句：He says he already knows everything about it. So instead，I am reading all the books myself and __________________ every Saturday. 他说他已经知道一切了。所以，我自己读所有的书，每周六去上课。 例题：She took the plane here _________ the meeting. A．attends B．to attend C．attending 10. fail（动词）失败；不及格--[feɪl] --（P.46） （1）fail to do sth 未能做某事 --__________________ 未能通过考试 （2）fail the exam 考试不及格 （3）fail many times 失败很多次 词转：failure（名词）失败 --lead to failure 导致失败 例句赏析：When I failed my maths exam，you encouraged me and said that everything would be much better. 当我数学考试不及格时，你鼓励我说一切都会好起来的。 课文原句：Suzy’s cousin __________________ in his bedroom. 苏茜的堂兄没能在卧室装一盏新灯。 例题：Although Tom failed ________ in the football game, he learned a lot from the experience. A．scoring B．score C．to score 11. stop（动词）停止；阻止-- [stɒp] --（P.50） （1）stop doing sth 停止正在做的事 （2）stop to do sth __________________ （3）stop sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事 例句赏析：We need to stop them from coming into the city without (不) hurting them. 我们需要在不伤害他们的情况下阻止他们进入城市。 课文原句：It’s time for lunch. Can we__________________ and make some food? 该吃午饭了。我们能停止打扫房子，做点吃的吗？ 例题： The young soldier really doesn’t know ________ to stop the baby from crying hard. A．what to do B．how to do C．when to do D．where to do 12. possible（形容词）可能的--[ˈpɒsəb(ə)l] --（P.51） （1）as...as possible  尽可能.... --as much as possible  尽可能多 --__________________  尽可能快 （2）It’s possible for sb to do sth  做某事对某人来说是可能的 词转：impossible（形容词）不可能的 词转：possibility（名词）可能性 例句赏析：It's impossible for him to finish it .isn't it?  他不可能完成它，不是吗？ 课文原句：__________________ 噪音太大了，根本没法睡觉。 例题： Don’t think _______ impossible to improve yourself in one year’s time. Nothing is difficult to those who can put the whole heart in it. A．it B．its C．that 13. help(动词)帮助--[help] --（P.52） （1）help sb （to） do sth  帮助某人做某事 （2）__________________ 帮助某人某事 （3）with the help of… 在…的帮助下=with one’s help （4）ask sb for help 向某人寻求帮助 词转：helpful（形容词）有用的；有帮助的 --helpless（形容词）无用的；无助的 例句：He met the same people who had helped him earlier. 他遇到了之前帮助过他的人。 课文原句：I planned to make the card with some roses on it. __________________ We had fun working together. 我打算在卡片上放一些玫瑰。桑迪帮我画画。我们在一起工作很开心。 例题：I ________ find my new bike. Please help me ________ it. A．can; find B．can’t; finding C．can’t; find 14. wrong（形容词）错误的--[rɒŋ] --（P.52） （1）break down=go wrong  坏掉了 （2）__________________... ...坏了；...有毛病了 --there is nothing wrong with...  ..没坏；..没毛病 （3）What's wrong with you?  你怎么了？；你发生什么事了？ 例句：Is neither she nor I wrong ？  她和我都没有错吗？ 课文原句：Lots of things went wrong during that time. I made some mistakes when I wrote the sentence “Happy Birthday ,Mum”. __________________ I was too excited. 那段时间出了很多问题。当我写“生日快乐，妈妈”这句话时，我犯了一些错误。我总是拼错单词。我太兴奋了。 例题： I think there is _______ with the computer. A．anything wrong B．wrong anything C．something wrong D．wrong something 15. complete（形容词）完全的（动词）完成--[kəmˈpliːt] --（P.52） （1）a complete waste of time  完全浪费时间 （2）complete the task  完成任务 --complete the task on time  按时完成任务 --__________________  提前完成任务 （3）be difficult to complete  很难完成 词转：completely(副词）彻底地；完全地 --find herself completely energetic  发现自己完全精力充沛 --be completely unaware of...  完全没有意识到... 例句赏析：Tom and Jerry were once close friends, but now their completely different values have separated them.  汤姆和杰瑞曾经是亲密的朋友，但现在他们完全不同的价值观使他们分开。 课文原句：__________________，there was paint on everything：the table，Sandy’s books ， my clothes ，my hands and face! 当我完成卡片时，到处都是油漆：桌子，桑迪的书，我的衣服，我的手和脸！ 例题：—You will feel _______ relaxed after ________ a hard task with long-time effort. —I agree with you much. A．completely; completing B．competing; comparing C．completely; competing 16. hope(动词)希望--（P.52） （1）hope to do sth  希望做某事 （2）__________________  希望某人做某事 （3）I hope so.  我希望如此 --I hope not  我希望不要这样 词转：hopeful（形容词）充满希望的 例句赏析：The students all look up to Mr. Wang and hope they can be like him one day. 同学们都仰慕王老师，希望有一天能像他一样。 课文原句：This is the first card I made for Mum. __________________ 这是我给妈妈做的第一张卡片。我希望她会喜欢。 17. 重点短语积累： （1）make your mum a card 给你妈妈制作一个卡片 （2）paint a room 粉刷一个房间 （3）fix a bicycle 修理一台自行车 （4）make things from old clothes 用旧衣服制作东西 （5）repair a computer 修理一台电脑 （6）put together a piece of furniture组装一件家具 （7）talk about a DIY I did 讨论一个我做的DIY （8）give instruction 作出指示 （9）in the end 最后 例题： 1．I have a teddy bear on my b , and it makes my bed look very cute. 2．I must make a l of things to buy. 3．Daniel’s father often (fix) things for people living around them. 4．—Is Mr. Black in? —Yes, he (fix) the washing machine for Granny Li. This way, please. 5．My bike is broken, and I have to get my bike (repair). 6．I failed (repair) the pipe yesterday. 7．A mother’s love is like a (圆圈). It has no beginning and no ending. 8．Thanks to the teacher’s (suggest), I got the job in the end. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 八年级上册Unit 4知识点总结（牛津译林版） 一、语法总结（祈使句用法） 一、祈使句的含义 祈使句表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、希望、建议、请求或命令等。祈使句一般以动词原形开头,无时态和数的变化 二、祈使句的常见句型： 以动词原形开头的祈使句 (Do型/Be型) 这类句子的主语常是第二人称you,但you常省略。否定形式是直接在动词前加don’t或 never。 ★Don't give yourself too much stress. 不要给你自己太多压力。 ★Never too late to learn. 学习永远不会太晚。 ★Be careful not to get lost. 注意不要迷路了。 由let构成的祈使句 (Let型) 这类祈使句常用于请求允许( let us)或提出建议(let’s)。 肯定形式:Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分 否定形式: ① Don't let+宾语(第三人称)+动词原形+其他成分 ②Let+宾语(第一人称)+not+动词原形+其他成分 ★Let's go for a picnic tomorrow. 让我们明天去野餐吧。 ★Open your mouth and let me have a look. 张开你的嘴，让我看看。 ★Don’t let me down. 不要让我失望 No+v.ing/名词 (No型） 这类祈使句实际上省略了动词,常用在请求、命令和口号中。有些祈使句以no开头,后加名词或动名词,常用于公共场合的提示语,表示 “禁止做某事”。 ★ No Photos!禁止拍照 ★ No Parking!禁止停车! ★ No Visitors!游客止步! 三、祈使句的答语 回答祈使句时,要用一般将来时,肯定回答用“Yes, I will.”,否定回答用“Sorry, I won't.” 祈使句 用法小练 一、单项选择 1．Study hard, ________ you will fail the exam. A．but B．or C．and 【答案】B 【详解】句意：努力学习，否则你会考不及格。 考查连词辨析。but但是；or否则；and和，又。根据“Study hard, … you will fail the exam.”可知，此处是指不努力学习就会带来不利的后果，考查“祈使句 + or + 陈述句”句型。故选B。 2．Work hard, _________ you will fall behind others. A．and B．but C．or D．so 【答案】C 【详解】句意：努力工作，否则你会落后于别人。 考查并列连词辨析。and和；but但是；or或者，否则；so所以。根据“Work hard…you will fall behind others.”可知，此处是“祈使句+并列连词+陈述句”的结构，且此处是以祈使句为条件的相反假设，应用连词or“否则”。故选C。 3．Work hard, ________ you’ll catch up with your classmates next time. A．but B．and C．or 【答案】B 【详解】句意：努力学习，下次你就能赶上同班同学了。 考查连词辨析。but但是；and和；or或者，否则。根据“Work hard,”以及“you’ll catch up with your classmates”可知设空处前后存在递进关系，符合“祈使句+and+陈述句”句型。故选B。 4．Work hard, ________ you may fall behind your classmates. A．or B．but C．and 【答案】A 【详解】句意：努力学习，否则你可能会落后于你的同学。 考查连词辨析。or或者，否则；but但是，表示转折；and而且，表示并列。根据“Work hard,…you may fall behind your classmates.”可知，此处应表达否则。故选A。 5．—Let’s go to the dragon boat race, ________ we’ll miss the fun of the festival. —That sounds great. A．but B．so C．or D．unless 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们去看赛龙舟吧，否则我们将会错失节日的乐趣。——听起来很棒。 考查连词辨析。but但是；so所以；or否则；unless除非。根据“Let’s go to the dragon boat race…we’ll miss the fun of the festival.”可知，句子的句式为“祈使句+or+陈述句”，or“否则，不然”表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设，表示“一起去看龙舟赛，不然就错失了节日乐趣”。故选C。 6．Life is like a journey. ________ ahead, and you will see a lot more beautiful scenery (风景). A．Plan B．To plan C．Planning D．Plans 【答案】A 【详解】句意：生活就像一场旅行。提前打算，你会看到更多美丽的风景。 考查祈使句。本句是祈使句结构，祈使句开头需用动词原形Plan。故选A。 7．John, ______ the road when the traffic light turns red. It’s very dangerous. A．mustn’t cross B．not to cross C．don’t cross D．not cross 【答案】C 【详解】句意：约翰，交通灯变红时不要过马路。这很危险。 考查祈使句。根据“the road when the traffic light turns red”可知，此处是否定祈使句，don’t+动词原形，故选C。 8．Hurry up, ________ we will miss the train! A．and B．so C．but D．or 【答案】D 【详解】句意：快点，否则我们会赶不上火车的！ 考查连词辨析。and和；so所以；but但是；or否则。根据“…we will miss the train!”可知，此处说的是快点，否则会赶不上火车。故选D。 9．________ more in your daily life, and you’ll be full of energy. A．To exercise B．Exercise C．Exercising D．Exercised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在日常生活中多锻炼，你就会精力充沛。 考查祈使句。根据“…more in your daily life, and you’ll be full of energy.”可知，该句是祈使句，应用动词原形置于句首。故选B。 二、完成句子 10．远离香烟，你就能过长寿，健康幸福的生活。 from cigarettes and you can live a long, healthy and happy life. 【答案】 Stay away 【详解】对照中英文，设空处缺“远离”，其英语表达为stay away，该句是祈使句，填动词原形。故填Stay；away。 11．Mary, please my best wishes . (给你妈妈带去) 【答案】 send to your mother 【详解】句意：玛丽，请代我向你的母亲致以最美好的祝愿。根据句意，动词send表示“传达”，send sth to“把……给”，设空处前是please，接动词原形；your mother“你的妈妈”。故填send；to；your；mother。 三、单词拼写 12．First, (connection) the printer with the computer. 【答案】connect 【详解】句意：首先，将打印机与计算机连接。该句是祈使句，设空处缺动词，connect“连接”，为动词，填原形。故填connect。 13．Don’t be afraid to make mistakes, you won’t make progress in your study. 【答案】or 【详解】句意：不要害怕犯错误，否则你不会在学习上取得进步。分析句子可知，空格前为祈使句，空格后为陈述句，此处是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构，空格前后为转折关系，所以用or表示“否则”。故填or。 14．Go bird-watching in Qinglong Lake, you will find it fun and meaningful. 【答案】and 15． (close) the windows before you leave the room. 【答案】Close 【详解】句意：离开房间前把窗户关上。根据“...the windows before you leave the room”可知，此句为祈使句，直接使用动词原形，close“关上”，动词原形，句首字母大写。故填Close。 16．When given something you don’t want to eat, just r politely. 【答案】(r)efuse 【详解】句意：当你被给到一些你不想吃的东西时，只需礼貌地拒绝。根据首字母提示及“When given something you don’t want to eat, just r...politely.”可知，空格处应填入动词“拒绝”，其英文为refuse，结合句意可知，本句是表达建议的祈使句，故空处需动词原形。故填(r)efuse。 Unit4知识点总结： 1. finish(动词）完成--（P.44） （1）finish doing sth 做完某事 （2）finish the task  完成任务 （3）finish middle school 中学毕业 例句赏析：It is five years since I came to this city after finishing middle school.  我中学毕业来到这个城市已经五年了。 课文原句：My cousin is crazy about DIY. He loves to repair things and decorate his house. But when he finishes ， the house always looks terrible! 我表弟对DIY很着迷。他喜欢修理东西和装饰他的房子。但当他完成后，房子总是看起来很糟糕！ 例题：I won’t go to play volleyball until my homework ____ C ____. A．finished B．will finish C．is finished D．was finished 2. mistake(可数名词）错误（动词）错认为--[mɪ'steɪk] --（P.44） （1）make a mistake  犯错误 --avoid making some mistakes 避免犯错误 --make a few mistakes  犯一些错误 （2）mistake A for B  把A 错认成B （3）by mistake  错误地 好句赏析：Although mistakes are annoying，as long as we face them bravely，we will succeed sooner or later.  虽然错误很烦人，但只要我们勇敢地面对，我们迟早会成功。 课文原句：He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom，but he made a mistake. 他曾经试图在卧室里装一盏更亮的灯，但他犯了一个错误。 例题： —Could you tell me why you always get good grades? —____ D ____ you study, ________ mistakes you’ll make. A．The harder, fewer B．The harder; the less C．Harder; fewer D．The harder; the fewer 3. whole（形容词）整个的--[həʊl] --（P.44） （1）the whole class 全班 （2）the whole day 全天 （3）spend the whole day doing sth 花费一整天做某事 例句：He had difficulty understanding the whole story. 他很难理解整个故事。 课文原句：The the whole house had a power cut. 整个房子都停电了。 例题: —Did you have fun at the music festival? —Of course! I jumped with ___ B _____ during the whole performance! A．stress B．excitement C．silence 4. full(形容词）满了的；饱了的-- [fʊl] --（P.44） （1）be full of=be filled with...  充满... --be full of energy 充满精力；精力充沛 （2）make full use of...  充分利用... -- make full use of our spare time   充分利用我们的空闲时间 （3）take full advantage of... 充分利用... 好句赏析： Let's make full use of our spare time and promote our literacy.让我们充分利用业余时间，提高我们的素养。 课文原句：Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water. 还有一次，他想在卧室的墙上挂一幅画，但他撞到了一根管子，把房间灌满了水。 例题： Mr Wang started to do the experiment. He first filled a bottle ____ C ____ water. A．at B．for C．with D．in 5. keep(动词)保持；持续--[kiːp] --（P.44） （1）keep +形容词  保持…. --keep calm  保持冷静 （2）keep +宾语+形容词   -- keep sb safe 保证某人安全=ensure one’s safety （3）keep doing sth  一直做某事 （4）keep sb from doing sth  阻止某人做某事 例句赏析：It hard for players to make great progress unless they keep taking scientific training.  除非坚持进行科学训练 否则如今的运动员想要取得巨大进步是很难的。 课文原句：Last month ， he thought the living room in his house was boring，so he painted it blue. His mum said,“Stop it.” But he kept on painting. 上个月，他觉得家里的客厅很无聊，所以他把它漆成蓝色。他妈妈说：“住手。”但他还是继续画画。 例题：The little girl kept ___ B _____ the house because she wanted to keep it clean. A．in cleaning B．cleaning C．to clean D．clean 6. 辨析“花费”--（P.44） （1）sb spend time\money (in) doing sth  某人花费时间\金钱做某事 --sb spend time\money on sth  某人花费\时间在某事上 （2）It takes\took sb+时间+to do sth  某人花费时间做某事 --It takes about eight minutes for the light to travel from the sun to the earth. 光从太阳到达地球大约需要8分钟。 --It took David 20 minutes to finish his homework last night. 大卫昨晚花了20分钟才完成作业。 （3）sth cost sb+金钱  某物花费某人...钱--cost--cost （4）sb pay money for sth 某人花钱买某物 例句赏析：Attracted by the beauty of nature, the girl decided to spend another two days on the farm. 被大自然的美丽所吸引，女孩决定在农场再待两天。 课文原句：When I wanted a shelf above my bed, he said, “No problem！” He then spent five hours putting up the shelf on the wall. 当我想在床上放个架子时，他说：“没问题！”然后他花了五个小时把架子搭在墙上。 7. end(名词）末尾（动词）结束--[end] --（P.44） （1）at the end of... 在...末尾；在...尽头 --at the end of the street  在街道尽头 --at the end of June  在六月末 （2）by the end of... 截止到...时候为止 （3）In the end 最后；终于=at last （4）end up doing sth 最终做了某事 --end up being+形容词 最终... （5）end the war  结束战争 例句赏析：The United Nation and other organizations are trying to end the war.   联合国和其他组织正在努力结束战争。 课文原句：Then I put my books on the shelf. They couldn’t stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other. 然后我把我的书放在书架上。他们不能呆在那里，因为架子的一端比另一端高得多。 例题: —Where is the post office, please? —It’s ____ C _____ the Center Street. A．in the end B．by the end of C．at the end of 8. buy(动词）买-- [baɪ]--bought--bought --（P.44） （1）buy sb sth=buy sth for sb 为某人买某物 （2）which on to buy 买哪个 （3）buy on latest magazine 买一本最新的杂志 例句赏析：Was the red pencil bought by your father last week? 红色的铅笔是你爸爸上周买的吗? 课文原句：I bought some books about DIY for him and I also advised him to take a course in DIY. 我给他买了一些关于DIY的书，我还建议他参加DIY课程。 例题：—When did you ____ C ____ the computer? It looks nice. —Oh, I ________ it three days ago. A．buy; buy B．bought; bought C．buy; bought 9. 辨析: take part in ；join ；attend --（P.44） （1）take part in表示参加某项活动-join in --Who will take part in tomorrow's competition? 谁将参加明天的竞赛？ （2）join表示参加或加入某种组织或团体，强调成为其中一员。 --He joined the Party ten years ago. 他10年前入党。 （3）attend：指出席比较正式的场合 --I was ill, and therefore could not attend the conference. 我病了，所以不能参加会议。 例句赏析：I often imagine myself attending my ideal university to cheer myself up. 我经常想象自己进入理想的大学，让自己振作起来。 课文原句：He says he already knows everything about it. So instead，I am reading all the books myself and attending lessons every Saturday. 他说他已经知道一切了。所以，我自己读所有的书，每周六去上课。 例题：She took the plane here ____ B _____ the meeting. A．attends B．to attend C．attending 10. fail（动词）失败；不及格--[feɪl] --（P.46） （1）fail to do sth 未能做某事 --fail to pass the exam 未能通过考试 （2）fail the exam 考试不及格 （3）fail many times 失败很多次 词转：failure（名词）失败 --lead to failure 导致失败 例句赏析：When I failed my maths exam，you encouraged me and said that everything would be much better. 当我数学考试不及格时，你鼓励我说一切都会好起来的。 课文原句：Suzy’s cousin failed to put in a new light in his bedroom. 苏茜的堂兄没能在卧室装一盏新灯。 例题：Although Tom failed ____ C ____ in the football game, he learned a lot from the experience. A．scoring B．score C．to score 11. stop（动词）停止；阻止-- [stɒp] --（P.50） （1）stop doing sth 停止正在做的事 （2）stop to do sth 停下来去做另一件事 （3）stop sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事 例句赏析：We need to stop them from coming into the city without (不) hurting them. 我们需要在不伤害他们的情况下阻止他们进入城市。 课文原句：It’s time for lunch. Can we stop cleaning the house and make some food? 该吃午饭了。我们能停止打扫房子，做点吃的吗？ 例题： The young soldier really doesn’t know ___ A _____ to stop the baby from crying hard. A．what to do B．how to do C．when to do D．where to do 12. possible（形容词）可能的--[ˈpɒsəb(ə)l] --（P.51） （1）as...as possible  尽可能.... --as much as possible  尽可能多 --as soon as possible  尽可能快 （2）It’s possible for sb to do sth  做某事对某人来说是可能的 词转：impossible（形容词）不可能的 词转：possibility（名词）可能性 例句赏析：It's impossible for him to finish it .isn't it?  他不可能完成它，不是吗？ 课文原句：It’s impossible to sleep with all that noise. 噪音太大了，根本没法睡觉。 例题： Don’t think ___ A _____ impossible to improve yourself in one year’s time. Nothing is difficult to those who can put the whole heart in it. A．it B．its C．that 13. help(动词)帮助--[help] --（P.52） （1）help sb （to） do sth  帮助某人做某事 （2）help sb with+名词 帮助某人某事 （3）with the help of… 在…的帮助下=with one’s help （4）ask sb for help 向某人寻求帮助 词转：helpful（形容词）有用的；有帮助的 --helpless（形容词）无用的；无助的 例句：He met the same people who had helped him earlier. 他遇到了之前帮助过他的人。 课文原句：I planned to make the card with some roses on it. Sandy helped me with the drawing. We had fun working together. 我打算在卡片上放一些玫瑰。桑迪帮我画画。我们在一起工作很开心。 例题：I ___ C _____ find my new bike. Please help me ________ it. A．can; find B．can’t; finding C．can’t; find 14. wrong（形容词）错误的--[rɒŋ] --（P.52） （1）break down=go wrong  坏掉了 （2）there is something wrong with... ...坏了；...有毛病了 --there is nothing wrong with...  ..没坏；..没毛病 （3）What's wrong with you?  你怎么了？；你发生什么事了？ 例句：Is neither she nor I wrong ？  她和我都没有错吗？ 课文原句：Lots of things went wrong during that time. I made some mistakes when I wrote the sentence “Happy Birthday ,Mum”. I kept spelling the words wrong. I was too excited. 那段时间出了很多问题。当我写“生日快乐，妈妈”这句话时，我犯了一些错误。我总是拼错单词。我太兴奋了。 例题： I think there is ____ C ____ with the computer. A．anything wrong B．wrong anything C．something wrong D．wrong something 15. complete（形容词）完全的（动词）完成--[kəmˈpliːt] --（P.52） （1）a complete waste of time  完全浪费时间 （2）complete the task  完成任务 --complete the task on time  按时完成任务 --complete the task ahead of time  提前完成任务 （3）be difficult to complete  很难完成 词转：completely(副词）彻底地；完全地 --find herself completely energetic  发现自己完全精力充沛 --be completely unaware of...  完全没有意识到... 例句赏析：Tom and Jerry were once close friends, but now their completely different values have separated them.  汤姆和杰瑞曾经是亲密的朋友，但现在他们完全不同的价值观使他们分开。 课文原句：When I completed the card，there was paint on everything：the table，Sandy’s books ， my clothes ，my hands and face! 当我完成卡片时，到处都是油漆：桌子，桑迪的书，我的衣服，我的手和脸！ 例题：—You will feel ___ A _____ relaxed after ________ a hard task with long-time effort. —I agree with you much. A．completely; completing B．competing; comparing C．completely; competing 16. hope(动词)希望--（P.52） （1）hope to do sth  希望做某事 （2）hope + (that) 从句  希望某人做某事 （3）I hope so.  我希望如此 --I hope not  我希望不要这样 词转：hopeful（形容词）充满希望的 例句赏析：The students all look up to Mr. Wang and hope they can be like him one day. 同学们都仰慕王老师，希望有一天能像他一样。 课文原句：This is the first card I made for Mum. I hope she will like it. 这是我给妈妈做的第一张卡片。我希望她会喜欢。 17. 重点短语积累： （1）make your mum a card 给你妈妈制作一个卡片 （2）paint a room 粉刷一个房间 （3）fix a bicycle 修理一台自行车 （4）make things from old clothes 用旧衣服制作东西 （5）repair a computer 修理一台电脑 （6）put together a piece of furniture组装一件家具 （7）talk about a DIY I did 讨论一个我做的DIY （8）give instruction 作出指示 （9）in the end 最后 例题： 1．I have a teddy bear on my b , and it makes my bed look very cute. 【答案】(b)ed 2．I must make a l of things to buy. 【答案】(l)ist 3．Daniel’s father often (fix) things for people living around them. 【答案】fixes 4．—Is Mr. Black in? —Yes, he (fix) the washing machine for Granny Li. This way, please. 【答案】is fixing 5．My bike is broken, and I have to get my bike (repair). 【答案】repaired 6．I failed (repair) the pipe yesterday. 【答案】to repair 7．A mother’s love is like a (圆圈). It has no beginning and no ending. 【答案】circle 8．Thanks to the teacher’s (suggest), I got the job in the end. 【答案】suggestion/suggestions 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$