内容正文:
7AUnit8词汇讲练
一、词汇专练
一、)词汇拓展(四会词&短语):
celebrate vi. &vt.庆祝 celebration(s) n. 庆祝
Christmas n.圣诞节
remember vt.纪念;记住 remember to do sth./doing sth.
poet n.诗人 poem n.诗,韵文
dragon n. 龙
dragon boat n.龙舟
race n.速度竞赛,赛跑
dumpling n.汤团,饺子
rice dumpling n.棕子
Scottish adj. 苏格兰(人)的 Scotland n. 苏格兰
*haggis n.哈吉斯(一种苏格兰美食)
dish n.一道菜,菜肴 pl. dishes
poem n.诗,韵文 poet n.诗人
lady n.女士;淑女 pl. ladies
gentleman n. (pl. gentlemen) 先生;绅士
spread vt.(使)分散;传播 n.传播,散布,扩展,蔓延 spread /spread/spreading
*doorstep n.门阶 door+ step →doorstep
hang vt. & vi. 悬挂 hang /hung /hanging
onion n.洋葱
Greek adj.希腊(人)的,希腊语的 Greece n.希腊 Greek n. 希腊语; 希腊人
tradition n.传统 traditional adj.传统的
symbol n.象征;符号
midnight n.午夜
*strike vt. &vi.敲,鸣,报时;撞击 struck过去式/ striking现在分词
into prep.进入,到…里面
in the hope of希望
ahead adv.在前面,向前 in front
carry vt.拿,提,搬;携带 carries
*suitcase n.(旅行用的)手提箱 suit+ case →suitcase
block n.街区
traveller n. (AmE traveler)旅行者,游客 tourist//visitor
*wherever conj.在任何地方 where+ ever→ wherever whoever//however//whenever…etc
violin n.小提琴 play the violin拉小提琴
lively adj.轻快的;生气勃勃的 friendly//lovely//lonely//weekly//motherly…etc
spring roll n.春卷
moment n.某个时刻;瞬间,片刻
at the moment现在当时
tonight adv.在今晚
lantern n.灯笼
mountain n.高山,山岳 hill
climb vt. &vi.攀登,爬 climber n.攀登者,爬山者
natural adj.自然的 nature n.自然
*beauty n.美;美人 beautiful adj.漂亮的,优美的 beautifully adv. 漂亮地,优美地
respect n.尊敬
elder n.长者,长辈 adj.年纪较长的 older adj.年纪较长的//elderly adj.上了年纪的;老年人的;过了中年的 an elderly couple(一对老夫妇)
double adj.双的;两倍的
forever adv.永远 for+ ever →forever
*decorate vt.装饰 decoration n.装饰
put up 张贴,挂起 put on// put off// put out
*Spring Festival couplets n.春联
beforehand adv.事先,预先 before+ hand →beforehand
prepare vt. & vi. 预备(饭菜);把…预备好 preparation n. 准备;制作;准备就绪;备好的东西;配制品;
meaning n.意义,意思 meaningful adj. meaningless adj. mean v. mean to do sth./doing sth.
during prep.在…期间
last vi.持续
till prep. & conj. (= until)到…时,直到…为止
heart n.内心;心脏(内心的情感和感受) (102) mind (思维,意识,思想等)
二、)词语辨析:
ahead// in front// before
ahead和in front都作“在前面”讲,两者的反义词都是behind. 细微差别在于:
ahead:通常用于表示在时间或空间上的领先或提前,表达一种先后顺序的关系;还可以表示在能力、技术等方面的领先,有“超过,先于”的意思。如:
We all went ahead,but someone behind.我们大家都走在前头,个别人则落后了。
He is ahead of us. 他超越了我们。(句中ahead表示“超过,先于”)
He will be ahead of others in English.他在英语方面将超过别人。(句中ahead表示“超过,先于”)
in front:主要用于表示方位、位置上的前面,空间感比较强,侧重于空间上的位置,描述某物或某人在实际空间中的前方。如:
I sit in front of her.
They are all watching the games,Daniel in front,and Amy behind.
before 除了表示相对的位置外,也用于时间上的差距。
He is standing before me.(位置)
I have been there before.(时间,before单用时须放在句尾且句子时态必须是现在完成时。)
He arrives at the office before everyone else does.(时间)
注意体会:
ahead of可以用于计划、预测等场合,表示将来的时间顺序;而in front of则更多地用于描述眼前的实际情况。例如:
The car ahead of me.可以指我前面的那辆车,也可以指计划中我即将到达的位置。
The house in front of me.则是指眼前我所能看到的房子。
carry//take//bring
carry意思是“搬运、运载、携带”, 无方向性。如:
Will you please help me carry the heavy box, Amy? Lily is carrying water.
take意思是“拿走、带走”,单方向(远离说话者)。如:
When you go home, take the letter with you.你回家去的时候,把信带去。
bring意思是“拿过来、带来”, 单方向(朝向说话者)。如:
Bring me your dictionary tomorrow.明天把你的词典给我拿来。
traveler//tourist// visitor
traveler不仅指“游客”,还泛指因各种事物出行的人,如飞机上的乘客、在各国因公出差的人等。旅行的时间较长,目的是为了探险、学习体验当地文化。
tourist多指那些旅行时间较短,目的是为了享受休闲、放松和娱乐的人,注重视觉体验。
visitor通常指的是“访问者”或“参观者”,强调的是短暂时间内停留或出现在某处的人。如:
Some travellers like to plan their trips on their own.
There are so many tourists in Mount Huaguoshan.
Many visitors come to our country to visit the museum.
mountain// hill
mountain n.高山,山岳。复数mountains 常表示 “山脉”,通常指比hill大或陡峭的高山。如:It’s the highest mountain in the world.它是世界上最高的山。
hill n.意思是“小山”、“丘岭”,通常指比mountain小的山,如:
The house stands on the top of the hill.房子位于山顶上。
elder// older//elderly
elder:
1.既可作形容词,又可作名词。adj.年纪较长的;n.长者,长辈。
2.用于家庭成员间的年龄比较,强调长幼顺序,表明一个身份;有时用作转义,指职位、身份较高的人。elder只能用来指人,不能指物;不能和 than 连用。如:
My elder brother is one year older than I.我的哥哥比我大一岁。
3.通常作定语。如:This is my elder brother.这是我的哥哥。
older:
1.只能作形容词old的比较级使用。意思是“较老的;年纪较大的;”。respect your elders尊重长辈。
2.泛指年龄大小,不仅限于家庭成员,又可用于非同一家庭成员之间;既可以指人的年纪,也可以指物的新旧;常与 than 连用。如:
He is older than me.他比我年纪大。This book is older than that one.这本书比那本旧。
3.可用作定语和表语。如:an older man一个年纪较大的男人。I feel older every day.我每天都觉得自己更老了。
old词语用法:
1. old的基本意思是“老的,年老的”,指人或动物的生命接近结束; 也可指某物存在或使用了相当长的一段时间,即“古老的,古代的,陈旧的”。
2. old还可指某人或某物处于“…年龄的”。引申可指“早已认识的,熟悉的”“以前的,从前的”“有经验的,老练的”等。
3. old有时还可以用于表示一种亲密的关系。
4. …years old作“…岁”解时old须置于years之后,除用于人外,也可用于物。
elderly: elderly是委婉用语,比old更加礼貌,表示“年迈的、高龄的”。如: the elderly老年人; elderly patient年纪大的病人;elderly parents高龄的父母等等。
till// until
till prep. & conj. (= until)到…时,直到…为止;二者区别如下:
1.till通常不用于句首,而until可以用于句首。例如:
Until she told me, I had no idea of it.(直到她告诉我,我才知道)
Till she told me, I had no idea of it.(错误)
2.until的语气更正式,而till更常用于口语或非正式场合。例如:
The store is open until 9 p.m.(正式)
Can you wait till I finish my work?(口语)
3.当主句是肯定句时,动词必须是延续性动词, 二者都可用;当主句是否定句时,动词通常是短暂性动词, 常用until。例如:
He stayed there till his friend came back. 他在那里一直等到他的朋友回来。(肯定句,延续性动词)
I will wait for you until you come back.我会一直等你回来。(肯定句,延续性动词)
He didn't manage to do it until you had explained how.(否定句,短暂性动词)
She won't go to bed until her mother comes back.她妈妈回来之前不会去睡觉。
即时自测:根据首字母或汉语提示写出下列单词或短语。
Good morning, 1._____________(女士) and 2._____________(先生). The world is full of wonderful and interesting festival3._____________(传统). Let’s look at the following pictures about how people are 4._____________(庆祝) the festivals, such as New Year and the Chongyang Festival.
People in Turkiye think5._____________(散布) salt on his doorstep will keep them from bad things in the coming year. This is for good luck and peace.
6._____________(悬挂) 7._____________(洋葱) on the door is a Greek 8.t_____________ to welcome the new year. Onions are a 9._____________(象征) of good luck and health.
It's near 10._____________(午夜) in Denmark. Look! The families are all standing on chairs. When the clock strikes 12, they jump off their chairs 11._____________(进入) the new year, 12._____________(希望) getting over any problem in the year 13._____________(在前面)!
In Colombia, some people are 14._____________(拿, 提) suitcases around the 15._____________(街区). Are they 16._____________(游客)? No! They're hoping for a new year with lots of travel.
A Chinese man is 17._____________(张贴) the Spring Festival couplets beforehand. We clean and decorate our homes, and 18._____________(预备) some dishes with special 19._____________(意义), like jiaozi and niangao. We also have a big family dinner. The Spring Festival 20._____________(持续) 21._____________(到…时) the Lantern Festival. 22._____________(在…期间) the holiday, it is often cold at this time of year, but people feel warm in their 23._____________(内心).
On the 24._____________(双的) Ninth Festival, people often go 25._____________(高山) 26._____________(攀登) to enjoy the 27._____________(自然的) beauty of autumn. The festival is also a time to show 28._____________(尊敬) and love for our 29._____________(长者). This is because “double ninth" sounds like the word “30.__________(永远) " in Chinese. On this day, we wish our elders a long and happy life.
答案:
1.ladies;2.gentlemen;3.tradition;4.celebratin;5.spreading;6.Hanging;
7.onions;8.tradition;9.symbol; 10.midnight;11.into;12.in the hope of;
13.ahead;14.carrying;15.block;16.travellers;17.putting up;18.prepare;
19.meanings;20.lasts; 21.till;22.During; 23.hearts;24.Double;
25.mountain;26.climbing;27.natural;28.respect;29.elders;30.forever;
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