Unit 10 备课单 教师版 2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级上册

Unit 10 If you go to the party, you will have a great time! I. 语法部分: 1. if 引导的条件状语从句 (1) 定义：条件状语从句是表示主句动作发生的前提或条件的从句，即“在……条件下某事才能发生”，通常由连词if引导。 (2)在句中的位置: if引导的条件状语从句可以位于主句之前或之后。位于主句之前要用“，”与主句隔开；如果放在主句之后，其前不必用“，”。 e.g. If he gets up early, he won’t be late. = He won’t be late if he gets up early. (3) 用法 1. “主将从现” 将来时态--will do 主句 祈使句 含can, may, must, have to 等动词 从句：一般现在时 e.g. 1) If the little baby doesn’t see his mom, he will cry out loudly. 2) If he comes, call me please. 3) You can pass the exam if you study hard. 注意:① if 也可以表示“是否”，引导宾语从句 ，此时从句的时态不受限制，应该根据上下文判断主句时态。 I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow. (if: “是否”，引导宾语从句) If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we can/will go hiking. (if: “如果”，引导条件状语从句) I’m not sure if he will come (come) to my party tomorrow. If he comes (come) to Chongqing tomorrow, let me know, please. ② if引导的条件状语从句，也可以和and 或者or 引导的句子互换。 If you get up early, you will be on time for school. =Get up early, and you will be on time for school. (and/ or) If you don’t get up early, you will be late for school. =Get up early, or you will be late for school. (and/ or) ③ if not = unless 如果不；除非…..（否则） If the little baby doesn’t see his mom, he will cry out loudly. = Unless the little baby sees his mom, he will cry out loudly. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we can/will go hiking. = Unless it rains tomorrow, we can/will go hiking. 另外：在“when” “before” “after” “until” “as soon as”（一… 就…） 等引导的时间状语从句中，当主句和从句的动作都发生于将来时，也需要遵循“主将从现”的原则。 When the plane arrives, someone will let us know as soon as possible. （时间状语从句） They are talking about when the plane will arrive. （宾语从句） 2. 情态动词should的用法 should： +动词原形 用法： ①表示义务，职责 意为“应该” e.g. You should follow the traffic rules ②表示推测，意为“按道理说，应该” e.g. He should be here now. ③用于提出建议或者要求对方给出意见 e.g. You should listen to your parents. 肯定句：主语+should+动词原形+其他 e.g. You should come here earlier. 否定句：主语+shouldn’t+动词原形+其他 e.g. Ted shouldn’t tell you the truth. 一般疑问句: Should +主语+动词原形+其他 e.g. Should I give Eric some advice? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句 e.g. What should I do after the exam? II. 单词及短语： 1. meeting (1) cn. have a meeting＝ hold a meeting 开会 a sports/school/class/parents’ meeting at the meeting (2) v. 碰面，会面；迎接 (meet--met) e.g. I met him in the supermarket yesterday. I’ll go to the airport to meet my parents this afternoon. 2. organize ( = organise) 组织，筹备 (1) v. organize sth. 组织… e.g. Mark will organize the party games.（对划线部分提问） Who will organize the party games? (2) organizer cn. 组织者 e.g. Who will be the organizer of the class meeting this week? organization cn. 组织 e.g. WTO is an organization. (3) organized adj.有组织的 e.g. Is it an organized activity?. well-organized adj. 有序的，很有条理的 3. upset adj. 难过的，失望的，沮丧的 an upset day be / feel/look/get/become upset e.g I am upset today. = I have an upset day today. 4. advice (1) u.n. 意见；建议 (=suggestion c.n. ) ①a piece of advice (= a suggestion )一条建议 ②some advice = some pieces of advice ( = some suggestions)一些建议 ③What good advice! = what a good piece of advice（it is）!多棒的一条建议啊！ ④the advice on sth / the advice on doing sth在某方面的建议 e.g. He often gives us some good advice on how to learn English well. =He often gives us some good advice on learning English well. ⑤ask sb for advice = ask for one’s advice寻求某人的建议 ⑥give sb advice = give advice to sb.给某人提出建议 ⑦get advice from ... 从... 获取建议 e.g. You can get a lot of good advice from your parents. ⑧take one’s advice / follow one’s advice / accept one’s advice 吸取/采纳某人的建议 ⑨refuse one’s advice拒绝某人的建议 (2). v. advise ①advise sb on / about sth.就...给某人建议 /忠告 e.g. Ms. Steen advised us on/about the ways to improve our English. ②advise （not） doing sth. 建议做某事 e.g. Linda advised buying the train tickets as early as possible. ③advise sb. (not) to do sth. =了解 *suggest sb. / one’s (not) doing sth建议某人(不)做某事 e.g. Our English teacher advised us to read English every morning. 了解*= Our English teacher suggested us / our reading English every morning. 5. travel v. 旅行 traveling/travelling traveled/travelled traveler/ traveller 旅行者 (1)travel to sp. = visit sp. = pay a visit(n.) to sp. 到某地旅行 e.g. He traveled to (=visited=paid a visit to) London last year. travel around the world 环游世界 ＝ travel all over the world 补充：travel n. 旅行 (2)travel & trip 的区别： travel: 多指长距离的旅行或者出国的旅行 trip: 多指“旅行，远足”，尤指短途的游玩或者有目的的旅行 如：a school trip / a weekend trip 6. keep … to oneself 保守秘密 e.g. If you have any trouble, don’t keep it to yourself. This is the secret between you and me, promise me to keep it to yourself(oneself). 复习：keep的用法 keep – keeping –kept （1）keep v. 保存，保留 e.g. Mr. Smith, how long can I keep this book? （borrow 错误） （2）keep sb / sth +adj. 保持某人／某物怎么样 e.g keep the classroom clean keep healthy = keep in good health When you do your eye exercises(exercise), please keep your eyes closed(close). Keep the windows _open___ (open), I need fresh air. opened 错误 （3）keep sb / sth + prep 使某人／某物在… keep the dog out of the bedroom keep off /away from the grass （4）keep doing sth. 一直做某事 e.g. She kept laughing (laugh) at me. keep sb doing 让某人一直做某事 e.g. We’d better not keep him waiting (wait) for a long time or he will be angry.. （5）keep sb. from doing sth. = stop sb (from ) doing sth.阻止某人做某事 e.g. How can we keep the factories from pouring dirty water into the river? （6）keep a diary / keep diaries 记日记 （7）keep pet animals养宠物 e.g. keep a dog as a pet = keep a pet dog 7. teenager cn. 青少年－ pl. teenagers 13-19 e.g. Teenagers should learn to make good study plans by themselves. in one’s teens 在某人十几岁的时候，在某人青少年时期 He is a teenager. = He is in his teens. in one’s twenties/forties :在某人二十几岁/四十几岁时 twenty forty e.g. They first met each other in their teens. 8. normal adj. 正常的，一般的 a normal decision一个正常的决定 e.g. It’s normal for humans to make mistakes. 9. unless conj.除非，如果不 unless ＝ if… not (由if引导的条件状语从句) e.g. 1) Unless we talk to someone, we’ll certainly feel worse. = If we don’t talk to someone, we’ll certainly feel worse. 2) We will go hiking if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. = We will go hiking unless it rains tomorrow. 3) You can’t learn English well unless you study hard. = You can’t learn English well if you don’t study hard. 4) I will not let you out unless you show me you school ID card. =I will let you out if you show me you school ID card. 10. angry adj. 生气的 angrier---angriest be/look/get angry (1)be angry with sb. 生某人的气 e.g. Is he angry with you? (2)be angry at /about sth.在某方面生气 e.g. My father is angry at/about my grades/bad studying habits. Are you still angry with him about being late? (3)angrily adv. do sth. angrily e.g. He passed me the ball angrily. 11. understanding (1) adj. 善解人意的，体谅人的 e.g. In the end, she talked to her parents and they were really understanding. 最后她跟父母交谈了，而父母也真的非常善解人意。 (2) n. 理解，了解 e.g. I hope they can have a better understanding of Chinese culture. understand v. 明白 (过去式)understood （反）misunderstand误会---misunderstood 12. mistake n. / v. (1) cn. ①make a mistake / make mistakes in sth.在….犯错 e.g. The more careful (careful) you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. = The more carefully (careful) you do, the fewer mistakes you will make. Why do you often make careless mistakes in spelling? ② learn from mistakes 从错误中吸取教训 correct the mistakes改正错误 e.g. Making mistakes doesn’t matter, as long as(只要) you can learn from them. ③ do sth. by mistake错误地做了某事 e.g. I am sorry, I took your bag by mistake. *(2)v. 误解，出错 mistake – mistook mistake A for B 把A错当成B I often mistake Tom for Jim, because they look so similar to each other. 13. careful adj. 仔细的 adv. carefully more ~ / most ~ (1)be careful of/about sth. 对…小心 e.g. You should be careful of the snakes when you go camping. (2)be careful (not)to do sth. 小心（不）做某事 e.g. He was careful to cut up the onion. I am careful not to wake the baby. (3)be careful when/what/how… e.g. Please be careful when you go across the street. (4)反义词：careless adj. 粗心的 adv. carelessly more ~ / most ~ 14. solve v. solve the problem e.g. You are halfway to solving a problem just by talking with someone about it. （注意这里的to是介词） 通过跟人聊这个问题，你就已经解决了问题的一半。 be halfway to doing sth.完成了做某事的一半： e.g. We are just half way to finishing the job. 我们只完成了这项工作的一半。 solution cn. 解决办法 a solution to the problem 复习：the answer/reply to the question; the key to the door ; a ticket to Chengdu等 26/13 15. trust v. 信任 (1) trust sb. / sth. 相信，信任某人/某物 e.g. I’m very sad because you don’t trust me. (2)trust sb. to do sth. / trust sb. not to do sth. 相信某人(不)会做某事。 e.g. You can really trust me not to tell it to anyone else. 你可以相信我不会告诉其他任何人。 16. experience v. / n. 经历，经验 (1) cn. 经历，往事 & un. 经验 e.g. My travel experiences in Europe are interesting. (c.n.) Miss Steen has a lot of teaching experience. (u.n.) have experience in （doing）sth e.g. The cook has much experience in making foreign dishes. (2) v. 经历 e.g. The old man experienced a lot during the war. (3). adj. experienced 有经验的 an experienced teacher be experienced in （doing）sth. = have experience in （doing）sth She is an experienced teacher. = She is experienced in teaching. = She has much experience in teaching. 17. else adv. 别的，其他的，(位于不定代词或疑问词之后) What else can you see? = What other things can you see? Who else do you want to go with? = What other people do you want to go with? Where else did you go? = What other places did you go to? Do you have anything else to say? = Do you have any other things to say? This book is not mine. I guess it is someone else’s. III. 课文知识点： 1. If you do, the teachers won’t let you in. （section a,1a&1b） 课文中出现了很多“if you do, ....”, 此处的do表示的是前文中所提到过的动作。 Do you want to be healthy? If you do, you should exercise more after class. 2. The students are talking about when to have a class party. （P74） when to do sth. 是一个“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，当动作的主语为同一主语时，还可以转换成“疑问词+陈述句”的复合句结构。 I don’t know who to talk with. = I don’t know who I can talk with. 我不知道我可以找谁聊天。 Do you know when to start? = Do you know when we can start? 你知道我们时候可以出发吗？ 3. Half the class won’t come. 一半的同学将不会来。（P74） 此处的half是adj. “一半的，半个的”， 如: Half the water is dirty. 一般的水是脏的。 Half the apples are bad.一般的苹果都是坏的。 Half the class are listening to the teacher, the other half are sleeping.一半的学生在听老师讲课，另一半在睡觉。 4. In English, we say that sharing a problem is like cutting it in half. （P77） 在英语中，我们说分享一个问题就像把它一分为二。 cut ...in half : 把...切成两半；把...一分为二 in half 一种固定结构，表状态 Now cut the apple in half. 把苹果切成两半。 He cut the apple into two halves. 他把苹果切成了两半。 5. If we ask people to bring food, they’ll just bring potato chips and chocolate because they’ll be too lazy to cook.（P74） 如果我们让人们带食物来，他们将只会带炸薯条和巧克力，因为他们太懒而不去煮。 复习（1）ask sb. to do sth （2）too ... to... = not..enough=so..that 6. Problems and worries are normal in life. （P77） 问题和烦恼在生活中是很正常的。（worry v./n. ） 7. He thinks the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to. （P77） 他认为第一步就是找到你信任的能与之交谈的人。 1）the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to 做think 的宾语从句 2）you trust 做定语从句修饰先行词“someone”，you trust 前可加一个who或that 3）to find someone you trust to talk to做is 的表语 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$