Unit 7 备课单 教师版 2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级上册

Unit 7 Will people have robots? Grammar: Simple Future Tense 一般将来时态 一. 概念：表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。 二 . 标志性的时间：（常见的时间状语） 1. 与tomorrow相关的短语，如：tomorrow (morning / afternoon / evening)； the day after tomorrow等等 2. in +时间段（表示: … 时间以后），如：in five days; in a year; in ten minutes 提问用how soon 3. in + 相对还没有到达的时间或年份：in 2024 4. 与next相关短语：next month; next week; next time; next Friday 5. in future = from now on 从今以后； in the future 将来，未来 6. 与this + 相对还没有到达的时间： this afternoon; this evening; this weekend; this month; this year… 7. soon 很快 三. 句子结构： (1) . will do / shall do (表示“将要，意愿”) (2). be going to do (表示“计划，打算或推测要…”) (3). be doing (多用于表示”位置移动的动词，眼下马上要发生的动作 如：come, go, leave, arrive, move, land, take off 等) 1. will句型：（will + v. / be原型, sb. will 可缩写为sb.’ll， will not = won’t, 一人称可用shall + v. / be 原型） 我要给你讲个笑话。 I will tell you a joke. → （否定句）：I will not tell you a joke. = I won’t tell you a joke. → (一般疑问句)：Will you tell me a joke? - Yes, I will. / No, I won’t. I will tell you a joke. (对划线部分提问)：→ Who will tell you a joke? I will tell you a joke. (对划线部分提问)：→ What will you do? 注意：there be 句型：there will be + 主语 + 其他 未来重庆将会有更多的桥梁。There will be more bridges in Chongqing in the future. Exercises: 1. 我明年将满15岁。I will be fifteen next year. 2. 你今晚要和我去看电影吗？Will you go to the cinema with me this evening? 3. 她将告知我们做什么以及怎么做。She will tell us what to do and how to do it. 4. 当他到达重庆，他会来拜访你的家人。When he arrives in Chongqing, he will visit your family. 2. be going to 句型：(be 由主语来决定) 明年我们要买一辆车。We are going to buy a new car next year. → (否定句): We are not going to buy a new car next year. → (一般疑问句): Are you going to buy a car next year? - Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t. We are not going to buy a new car next year. (对划线部分提问)： → Who is going to buy a new car next year? We are not going to buy a new car next year. (对划线部分提问)： → What are you going to do next year? 注意：there be句型： there is / are going to be + 主语 + 其他 明天晚上将有一场球赛。 There is going to be a football match tomorrow night. Exercises: 1. 他打算和谁一起去游泳。Who is he going to swim with? 2. 我打算从今以后每周锻炼两次。I’m going to exercise twice a week from now on. 3. 我们将来不打算一起工作。We are not going to work together. 3. will do & be going to do的用法区别： will 用法: 1. 遥远的未来发生的事情：He will be a teacher in the future. 2. 不因主观改变的事实： The sun will still rise in the east. 3. 表意愿，愿意做的事情：Will you come to my birthday party? be going to用法： 1. 表示近期计划打算决定要做的事情或状态。 e.g. 当我长大了，我要当一名老师。 When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher. 2. 表示说话人根据已有的事实或有迹象表明做出的推断，认为可能或一定会发生某事。 (常与be sure, be afraid, think, believe 等词连用) e.g. 看天上的乌云，要下雨了。Look at the dark clouds, it’s going to rain. 他病得很重，就要死了。He is terribly ill, he is going to die. 3. be going to的否定形式可用于表示不愿意或拒绝,若主语是you,可表示不可以或禁止。 e.g. We’re not going to pay for it. 我们拒绝付这笔费用。 You’re not going to bring your pet dog here. 你不可以把你的宠物狗带到这里来。 Exercises: 1. 他现在能吃了，看起来也好很多了，所以他很快就会好起来了。 He can eat more and looks better now, so he is going to get better soon. 2. 下个月我十岁。I will be ten years old next month. 3. 我会告诉你事情真相。I will tell you the truth. 4. 我打算邀请她下周六吃饭。I am going to ask her for dinner next Saturday. 5. 明年是兔年。Next year will be the year of Rabbit. 4. be doing 现在进行时表将来 用法：1. 常用于瞬间动词或者表示位置移动的词, 眼下正要发生的动作，如：come, go, leave, arrive, land, take off, die, move, fly等 火车五分钟以后就要到了。The train is arriving in five minutes. 我们的飞机十分钟以后将降落在重庆江北机场。Our plane is landing at Chongqing Jiangbei Airport in ten minutes. 2. 口语表达上be doing = be going to do 表示计划打算要做的事情 今天下午你打算做什么？What are you doing this afternoon. (口语) = What are you going to do this afternoon? Vocabulary: 1. paper （1）(un.) 纸 一张纸a piece of paper 两张纸two pieces of paper Books will be on computers, not on computers. （2）(cn.) 报纸 = newspapers; 试卷 test papers; 论文. 2. pollution (un.)污染，污染物 water/air/noise/environment… pollution 水/空气/噪声/环境….污染 pollute (v.) 污染Those factories polluted the river terribly. polluted (adj.) 被污染的 The earth is terribly polluted now. There is serious pollution around us. For example, the paper factory is polluting the river and the river is now seriously polluted. 3. prediction (cn.) 预测 make a prediction做出预测 predict (v.) Nobody can really predict what will happen in the future. predictable (adj.) 可预测的 ➡ unpredictable 4. future (n.) 未来 a bright future in the future 在未来 对比in future＝from now on 从今往后 －What do you want to be in the future? －An astronaut, so I need to study really hard in future. 5. environment (n.) 环境 Waste water is bad for our environment. environmental (adj.) 环境的 People become more aware of the environmental protection. (环境保护) 6. planet (cn.) 星球（行星） star 恒星 The earth and the moon are two very important planets for humans. 7. earth (n.) 地球 The earth moves around the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。 I must be the happiest person on the earth. （在地球上） 对比：on earth “究竟” What happened on earth? 8. plant (cn.) 植物 Plants absorb CO2 and give out oxygen. (v.) 种植 plant trees/flowers; March 12th is Tree Planting Day. (植树节) 9. part (n.) 部分play a part in (doing) … 在…起作用 Everyone plays a part in keeping the earth clean. take an active part in … 积极参加… Tony takes an active part in class activities. 10. peace (un.) 和平，安宁，平静 I hope there will be world peace forever. （世界和平） Wish him rest in peace. (R.I.P.) peaceful (adj.) 和平的，宁静的，祥和的 The Smiths live a peaceful life. peacefully (adv.) The old beggar died peacefully / in peace without any pain. 11. sea (n.) 海洋 There are all kinds of animals and plants in the sea . （海洋里） They have a house by the sea . （在海边） 12. build (v.) 修建 (过去式 built ) build a house/school build up my body / build up my confidence (n.) 体格 be of medium build building (cn.) 建筑物 a tall building 一栋高楼 13. sky (n.) 天空 We can hardly see blue skies （蓝天）in Chongqing in winter. There are many kites in the sky. （在天空） 14. apartment (美式) flat (英式) 公寓 15. an astronaut 一个宇航员 16. space (un.) 空间 Teenagers need their own space. There will be less space（更少的空间）for people in the future. 太空 live on a space station（在空间站）; live / walk in space; spaceship/ spacecraft 太空船/航天器 17. human(s)/ human being(s) (cn.) 人类 （man/mankind也可以指人类） 18. dangerous (adj.) 危险的 Lions and tigers are dangerous animals, but now they are in danger. danger (n.) 危险be in danger 陷入/处于危险中 ➡ be/get out of danger 脱离危险 If you are in danger, please call the police for help. They will help you get out of danger. *endangered (adj. ) 濒危的 19. already (adv.) 已经 (be动词、情态动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前) There are already robots working in the factory. They already had breakfast. 20. factory (cn.) (pl. factories ) 工厂 in the factory 21. Japan (n.) 日本 Japanese (n.) 日本人（单复数同形），日语（不可数） 22. believe (vt.) 相信（不用于进行时态） disbelieve 不相信 belief (n.) 信仰 believable (adj.) 可信任的 unbelievable (adj.) 不可信任的 1）believe sth. / sb. 相信某事、某人 believe in 信赖，信任 I can’t believe my eyes. She is far more beautiful than she was 5 years ago. Don’t lie to me or I won’t believe you anymore. I believe your words, but I still don’t believe in God. 2) believe + 特殊疑问词+ 从句 I don’t believe what you said/did. Don't believe what you read in the newspapers.不要相信你在报纸上阅读的。 3) believe +（that）宾语从句 Some believe that if we make more robots, people will get more free time. I don’t believe that he will come. (否定前移) 4) I believe so. / I don’t believe so. = I believe not. 我相信是这样。我相信不是这样。 Believe it or not 信不信由你 23. disagree (v.) 不同意，不赞成 ➡ agree (v.) 同意，赞成，（用法相同） (1) agree with sb. 同意某人 He didn’t agree with me. = He disagreed with me. (2) agree with sb’s ideas /opinions /ideas/ what sb. said. 同意某人(的想法/观点) (3) (复数主语) agree on … 就…取得一致意见 We finally agreed on the price/ date of the meeting/ when to meet. (4) agree to sth. 表示同意、赞成（提议、安排和计划等） He agreed to the plan/ our suggestion/ my advice after a long time discussion. (5) agree to do sth. 同意做某事 无agree sb. to do sth.（X） Linda agreed to give (give) a speech at the beginning of the meeting. (6) agree + that +从句 She agreed to help me. = She agreed that she would help me. 24. even (adv.) 甚至, 还+比较级 Even friends disagree sometimes. Staying at home to relax is even better than taking a holiday. 25. shape (cn.) 形状,外形 The new robots have many different shapes. These two bags are different in shape. (在形状上) The pool is in the shape of a heart. （有…形状） be in good shape: 好身体，好身材 26. fall v. 掉落，跌倒，倒塌 （过去式 fell, 过去分词 fallen） (1) fall into… 掉入 The deer fell into the hunter’s trap. (2) fall down 突然倒塌 Houses fell down in the earthquake. If buildings fall down with people inside, these snake robots can help look for them. (3) fall down from … ＝ fall off … 从… 掉落 He fell down from his bike and broke his legs. = He fell off his bike and broke his legs. (4) fall behind (…) 落后（于…） ➡ catch/ keep up (with…) 追赶上（…） (5) fall做系动词，表示进入某种状态 ＋ adj. He fell asleep on the sofa. 他在沙发上睡着了。 My sister is in poor health and often falls ill. 我妹妹身体不好经常生病。 (6) fall (n.) (美)秋天; waterfall瀑布 27. inside (prep. /adv.) 在…里面 ➡ outside 在…外面 inside the house; with people inside； 28. possible (adj.) 可能的 impossible 不可能的 possibly (adv.) 可能地 impossibly 不可能地 Nothing is impossible (possible) if you put your heart into it. (1) as soon/many/much… as possible = as soon/many/much as sb. can 尽可能快、多….地 He tried his best to get to school as quickly as possible. = He tried his best to get to school as quickly as he could. (2) It’s possible / impossible for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事有/ 不可能 This was not possible 20 years ago, but it was / seemed impossible for people to use computers 100 years ago. 29. side (cn.) (1) 一方(的态度/ 观点) Which side do you agree with? (2) 一边 There are trees on each side of the road. = There are trees on both sides of the road. 30. probably (adv.) 很有可能的 （be动词、情态动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前） probable (adj.) 可能性：probably > maybe > possible I’ll probably keep a bird. It was probably just a joke. 31. during (prep.) 在…期间（不可接从句）He’s quite busy during the week / his visit. I hope you can enjoy yourself during your stay here. Language points in the text: 1. People will have robots in their homes. 2. People will live to be 200 years. 活到 be可省略 3. There will be more/fewer people. more / fewer + 可数；more / less + 不可数 4. I don’t think so. 我不这样认为。= I think not. I think so. 我想是吧。 I hope so/ not. I’m afraid so/not. 5. Me, too. & Me, either/ neither. (否定) ---I’m glad to see you. ---Me, too. 6. Families usually spend time together on weekends. spend time / ¥ (in )doing sth. spend time / ¥ on sth. Don’t spend too much time on computer games. 7. Today, there are already robots working in factories. 今天已经有机器人在工厂工作了。 There be + sth. /sb. + v-ing. 有… 正在做… There are birds singing in the tree. Look! There are so many students running across the playground. 8. If buildings fall down with people inside, these snake robots can help look for people under the buildings. Don’t close the door with somebody outside. Don’t leave the classroom with the lights on. 9. I will take a holiday in Hong Kong when possible. = when it is possible 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$