精品解析：上海市格致中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

格致中学二○二四学年度第一学期期中考试 高二年级 英语试卷 （测试100分钟内完成，总分100分，试后交答题卷） I. Listening Comprehension （1*20=20%） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Get some small change. B. Find a shopping center. C. Cash a check at a bank. D. Find a parking place. 2. A. In a cotton field. B. At a railway stop. C. On a farm. D. On a train. 3. A. Shopping with his son. B. Buying a gift for a child. C. Promoting a new product. D. Bargaining with a sales girl. 4. A. Taking photos. B. Cutting images. C. Fixing cameras. D. Drawing pictures. 5. A. The school. B. A shop. C. The post office. D. Home. 6. A. He is rather disappointed. B. He is highly ambitious. C. He can’t face the situation. D. He knows his own limitations. 7. A. The woman is unfit for studying physics. B. He can be the woman’s private teacher. C. Physics is an important course at school. D. The professor’s suggestion is helpful. 8. A. They aren’t used to a cold place. B. They feel lucky to live in Florida. C. They are going to have a holiday. D. They haven’t booked air tickets yet. 9 A. Look for a more expensive hotel. B. Go to another hotel by bus. C. Try to find a quiet place. D. Take a walk around the city. 10. A. The man has changed his destination. B. The man is returning his ticket. C. He is flying to NY tomorrow morning. D. He can’t get to NY as planned. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. It was difficult for other cars to pass. B. The dog couldn’t follow his car. C. He was driving at too high a speed. D. The dog was likely to be injured. 12. A. He required him to pay the fine. B. He took him to the police station. C. He asked him to put the dog into the car. D. He sent him home and charged him. 13. A. He had never broken the traffic rules. B. He was seriously punished for laziness. C. He walked his dog by car every day. D. He was too old to run after his dog. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Anyone who needs to find a job, yet lacks information. B. Those who have money but wonder how to invest. C People who want to achieve even higher life goals. D. Anyone too lazy to exercise with an unhealthy diet. 15. A. He gives you advice by e-mail once a month. B. He calls to give you suggestions every week. C. He comes to talk with you face to face once a year. D. He writes to help you just like your old friends. 16. A. Differences between a basketball coach and a life coach. B. Why Hollywood stars greatly need life coaches. C. How people usually achieve higher life goals. D. What a life coach usually does to help people succeed. Questions 17 through,20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Spot an area of the show business. B. Design their project. C. Read the instructions. D. Discuss the project. 18. A. By doing face-to-face interviews. B. By doing telephone interviews. C. By mailing out a questionnaire. D. By making observations. 19. A. Art. B. Literature. C. Music. D. Cinema. 20. A. Male and female. B. The young and the old. C. Children and adults. D. Different age groups. II. Grammar and Vocabulary （20%） Section A（1*10=10%） Directions: After reading the following passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Stealth Marketing At its core, stealth marketing is about integrating a product or service into daily life or popular culture in such a seamless manner that it feels like a natural part of the environment. The main objective? ___1___(get) consumers talking about a product or service without directly pushing it onto them. By avoiding the traditional sales pitch, brands hope to generate organic interest and word-of-mouth buzz, capitalizing on the element of surprise and genuine user experiences. Stealth marketing has the power to turn a brand into the subject everyone is talking about. ___2___ it’s a family discussing it over dinner or friends sharing it on social media, the brand becomes a natural part of conversations. This kind of organic discussion can be more valuable than any paid advertisement ___3___ it comes from trusted sources - friends and family. One of the standout features of stealth marketing is its subtlety. ___4___ traditional advertising, which can be seen as pushy or annoying, stealth marketing is designed to blend in. This makes people more comfortable and open to the brand, often___5___ (lead) to increased trust. When consumers trust a brand, they are more likely to become loyal customers, recommend the brand to others, and even defend it against criticism. Budget is a concern for any marketing campaign. Stealth marketing often requires less financial investment ___6___ (compare) to traditional methods like TV commercials or billboard ads. This cost-effectiveness allows for more flexibility in the marketing budget, freeing up resources for other important business activities. The very thing ___7___ makes it effective - its subtlety - also raises ethical questions. Is it right to market to people in a way that they don’t even realize they ___8___ (market) things to? This lack of transparency ___9___ make some consumers feel deceived, which could harm the brand’s reputation in the long run. Navigating the legal landscape is ____10____challenge in stealth marketing. Advertising laws are in place to protect consumers from misleading information. Stealth marketing strategies must be carefully planned to ensure they don’t cross any legal boundaries. Failure to comply with these laws can result in penalties, legal action, and a tarnished brand image. Section B （1*10=10%） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. appealing B. bargains C. credited D. identical E. intentionally F. items G. limited H. missteps I. pioneered J. gratefully K. scored Dupes are wearing out Lululemon Athletica Dupes are the products that cost less than the premium (高端的) versions but are of similar style and quality. Less expensive versions of premium products have become a(n) ____11____ alternative, particularly for younger shoppers. That is becoming a problem for Lululemon Athletica, the company that ____12____ high- end sportswear and made $100 leggings the norm. “The brand logo doesn’t hold as much appeal as it used to,” said Mikayla Kitsopoulos, a 22- year- old college student. “Finding ____13____ is the new status symbol.” When Kitsopoulos was in high school, she wore Lululemon leggings, which cost about $100. Now, she buys her leggings on Amazon for about $30. She said the quality and fit is almost ____14____, so why pay more? The heightened competition comes as Lululemon has made a series of ____15____ that have turned off even some of its most devoted fans. Not long ago, it removed a new type of leggings from its stores and website after customers complained about the fit. Other mistakes have included a color palette that was too ____16____ and not having enough of some products such as smaller size leggings. The misfires have pushed people such as Natalie Assink to ____17____ seek out different brands. The20- year- old college student said she switched from Lululemon to Gymshark and AYBL not just because their leggings cost less, but also because they have more color varieties. Buying cheaper versions of premium products isn’t new. Boasting about it is. Ellyn Briggs, Moring Consult’s brands analyst, ____18____ the growing popularity of dupes to inflation but also to the rise of social media. The No. I reason people said they bought dupes was to save money, according to Morning Consult’s survey. They also wanted to test out whether the cheaper versions were as good as the premium ____19____ and then post about them on TikTok or other platforms. “It’s more than just a transaction,” Briggs said. “They want to share the fact that they have ____20____ a success.” III. Reading Comprehension （37.5%） Section A Cloze （1*15=15%） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Celebrity has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public ____21____ to base its consumption on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost ____22____ the practice of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous ____23____. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others’ products to ____24____ their own. Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a ____25____ new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and ____26____ a few TV actresses. Today they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top ____27____. The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with ____28____ personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, ____29____ almost all the products of daily life. However, for every success story, there’s a related ____30____ tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter how famous the product’s ____31____ is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities, it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the ____32____ attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty returning to tried-and-true labels. Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep threatens to ____33____ a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. ____34____, the ego’s (自我的) potential for expansion is limitless. Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as ____35____ might last a lifetime, but fashion-like celebrity-has always been short-lived. 21. A. tends B. returns C. aims D. means 22. A. abandoned B. delayed C. established D. assumed 23. A. films B. faces C. issues D. stories 24. A. inventing B. composing C. exploring D. developing 25. A. dramatically B. completely C. steadily D. normally 26. A. taken by B. set for C. limited to D. listed on 27. A. brands B. trends C. sales D. editions 28. A. common B. specific C. potential D. artificial 29. A. promoting B. extending C. engaging D. covering 30. A. disappointing B. warning C. greeting D. amazing 31. A. origin B. organization C. release D. intention 32. A. continuous B. crazy C. initial D. sincere 33. A. strike B. isolate C. promote D. reduce 34. A. Still B. Thus C. Moreover D. Indeed 35. A. stars B. models C. designers D. advertisers Section B （1.5*11=16.5%） Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. （A） There is a famous story about British poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge. He was writing a poem when he was interrupted by a knock at the door. This was an age before the telephone. Someone was delivering a message. When Coleridge got back to his poem, he had lost his inspiration. His poetic mood had been broken by the knock on his door. His unfinished poem, which could otherwise have been a masterpiece, would now never be more than a fragment (片段). This story tells how unexpected communication can destroy an important thought. That brings us to the invention of the cellphone. The most common complaint about cellphones is that people talk on them to the annoyance of people around them. But more damaging may be the cellphone’s disruption (中断) of our thoughts. We have already entered a golden age of little white lies about our cellphones, and this is by and large a healthy, protective development. “I didn’t hear it ring” or “I didn’t realize my phone had shut off” are among the lies we tell to give ourselves space where we’re beyond reach. The notion of being unreachable is not a new concept — we have “Do Not Disturb” signs on the doors of hotel rooms. So why must we feel guilty when it comes to cellphones? Why must we apologize if we decide to shut off the cellphone for a while? The problem is that we come from a long-established tradition of difficulty with distance communication. Until the recent mass use of cellphones, it was easy to communicate with someone next to us or a few feet away, but difficult with someone across town, the country or the globe. We came to take it for granted. But cellphones make long-distance communication common, and endanger our time by ourselves. Now time alone, or a conversation with someone next to us which cannot be interrupted by a phone, is something to be cherished (珍惜). Even cellphone devotees, myself usually included, can’t help at times wanting to throw their phones away, or curse the day they were invented. But we don’t and won’t, and there really is no need. All that’s required to take back our private time is a general social recognition that we have the right to it. In other words, we have to develop a healthy contempt (轻视) for the rings of our own phones. Given the ease of making and receiving cellphone calls, if we don’t talk to the caller right now, we surely will shortly later. A cellphone call deserves no greater priority than a random word from the person next to us. Though the call on my cellphone may be the one-in-a-million from Steven Spielberg — who has finally read my novel and wants to make it his next movie. But most likely it is not, and I’m better off thinking about the idea I just had for a new story, or the slice of pizza I’ll eat for lunch. 36. What is the point of the story about the poet Coleridge? A. To direct readers’ attention to the main topic. B. To attract readers’ attention to read his poems. C. To show how important inspiration is to a poet. D. To emphasize the disadvantage of not having a cellphone. 37. Why does the writer mention the “Do Not Disturb” sign? A. To encourage us to use the cellphone as much as we can. B. To persuade us not to worry about the ring of the cellphone. C. To inform us that the cellphone is not to be disturbed in our life. D. To ask us to make an apology when we don’t answer the cellphone call. 38. What does the underlined word “it” (Paragraph 7) most probably refer to? A. answering a call from afar B. talking to friend next to us C. using the cellphone to chat with friends D. communicating to keep the long-established friendship 39. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A Cellphones require more attention than any other invention. B. We sometimes throw the phone away when it is too disturbing. C. The writer would rather continue his own work than be interrupted by the ring. D. We should give priority to the cellphone as it has brought us so much convenience. （B） ▲ Allerton, Liverpool £590,000 A large-area lawn would look at home on a traditional red-brick campus. Six miles south of the University of Liverpool and the “knowledge quarter”, it is part of Allerton Priory, designed and built by Victorian gothic architect Alfred Waterhouse in the early 1800s for a local merchant and now separated into apartments. There’s a three-bedroom duplex (复式) on the lower ground and ground floor. The living room has floor-to-ceiling windows and views of the grounds, and there’s a private gate for residents leading to Allerton Manor sports car club. Fine & Country, 0151-947-0810 ▲ Halton, Lancashire £285,000 This environmentally-friendly home is in the eco-settlement of Forgebank in the village of Halton on the outskirts of Lancaster. It may suit the buyers—with conscience and cash—who have chosen to settle close to the city they studied in. The complex sits on the banks of the River Lune and next to the Forest of Bowland. A two-bedroom home covers 1,050 sq ft with a balcony. The funky yellow kitchen cabinetry is by local carpenters. The Modern House, 0203-795-5920 ▲ Eddington, Cambridge £689,950 The local government of Cambridge is developing a new sustainable residential district two miles north of the city centre with 3,000 homes, 2,000 postgraduate rooms for the University of Cambridge, sports facilities, a market square and park lot. One of the newest phases is Knights Park. There’s a two-bedroom, two-bathroom luxury flat on the fourth floor of the Florey building with no stamp duty to pay. Hill, 01223-607-200 ▲ City centre, Bristol £565,000 This two-bedroom, first-floor apartment is in a pastel-coloured, period townhouse (老式联排别墅指ancientness)on the waterfront in the heart of Bristol’s nightlife,(夜生活中心指modernity)with a parking space, a lift and views of the Floating Harbour and the Arnolfini arts centre. Beyond is the tree-lined Georgian gardens of Queen Square in the old town. The University of Bristol is a 30-minute walk away. Knight Frank, 0117-317-1996 40. Which of the following is TRUE about the house in Allerton? A. It enjoys an open and broad view of nearby grounds. B. It is located on the campus of the University of Liverpool. C. It houses the Allerton Manor sports car club on the second floor. D. It was designed in the early 18th century by a local merchant. 41. Which house advertised boasts a combination of modernity and ancientness? A. Allerton, Liverpool B. Halton, Lancashire C. Eddington, Cambridge D. City centre, Bristol 42. Alex and Susan, a newly married couple who love sports and own a car, are looking for a two-bedroom house property. They may contact _______ to ask for more information. A. Fine & Country B. The Modern House C. Hill D. Knight Frank （C） By now you’ve probably heard about the “you’re not special” speech, when English teacher David McCullough told graduating seniors at Wellesley High School: “Do not get the idea you’re anything special, because you’re not.” Mothers and fathers present at the ceremony — and a whole lot of other parents across the Internet — took issue with McCullough’s ego-puncturing words. But lost in the uproar was something we really should be taking to heart: our young people actually have no idea whether they’re particularly talented or accomplished or not. In our eagerness to elevate their self-esteem, we forgot to teach them how to realistically assess their own abilities, a crucial requirement for getting better at anything from math to music to sports. In fact, it’s not just privileged high-school students: we all tend to view ourselves as above average. Such inflated self-judgments have been found in study after study, and it’s often exactly when we’re least competent at a given task that we rate our performance most generously. In a 2006 study published in the journal Medical Education, for example, medical students who scored the lowest on an essay test were the most charitable in their self-evaluations, while high-scoring students judged themselves much more strictly. Poor students, the authors note, “lack insight” into their own inadequacy. Why should this be? Another study, led by Cornell University psychologist David Dunning, offers an enlightening explanation. People who are incompetent, he writes with coauthor Justin Kruger, suffer from a “dual burden”: they’re not good at what they do, and their very incapability prevents them from recognizing how bad they are. In Dunning and Kruger’s study, subjects scoring at the bottom of the heap on tests of logic, grammar and humor “extremely overestimated” their talents. What these individuals lacked (in addition to clear logic, proper grammar and a sense of humor) was “metacognitive skill”: the capacity to monitor how well they’re performing. In the absence of that capacity, the subjects arrived at an overly hopeful view of their own abilities. There’s a paradox here, the authors note: “The skills that lead to competence in a particular domain are often the very same skills necessary to evaluate competence in that domain.” In other words, to get better at judging how well we’re doing at an activity, we have to get better at the activity itself. There are a couple of ways out of this double bind. First, we can learn to make honest comparisons with others. Train yourself to recognize excellence, even when you yourself don’t possess it, and compare what you can do against what truly excellent individuals are able to accomplish. Second, seek out feedback that is frequent, accurate and specific. Find a critic who will tell you not only how poorly you’re doing, but just what it is that you’re doing wrong. As Dunning and Kruger note, success indicates to us that everything went right, but failure is more ambiguous: any number of things could have gone wrong. Use this external feedback to figure out exactly where and when you screwed up. If we adopt these strategies — and most importantly, teach them to our children — they won’t need parents, or a commencement (毕业典礼) speaker, to tell them that they’re special. They’ll already know that they are, or have a plan to get that way. 43. Which can be the best title of this passage? A. Special or Not? Teach Kids To Figure It Out B. Let’s Admit That We Are Not That Special C. Tips On Making Ourselves More Special D. Tell The Truth: Kids Overestimate their Talents 44. The author thinks the real problem is that ______. A. we don't know whether our young people are talented or not B. young people don't know how to assess their abilities realistically C. no requirement is set up for young people to get better D. we always tend to consider ourselves to be privileged 45. Which is NOT mentioned about poor students according to the passage? A. They usually give themselves high scores in self-evaluations. B. They tend to be unable to know exactly how bad they are. C. They are intelligently inadequate in tests and exams. D. They lack the capacity to monitor how well they are performing. 46. We can infer from the passage that those high-scoring students ______. A. know how to cultivate clear logic and proper grammar B. tend to underestimate their performance because they know their limits C. tend to regard themselves as competent due to their strict self-judgement D. tend to be very competent in judging their performance in their high-scoring fields. Section C （1.5*4=6%） Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The art of academic writing is not easy to master. ___47___ Academic writing is the skilful exposition and explanation of an argument which the writer has carefully researched and developed over a sustained period of time. ___48___ But the joy of reading and sharing with others, one’s succinctly composed piece of argument, is incomparable. Before beginning to write, the writer must ask himself a few questions – Why am I writing? What is it that I intend to share with others? What purpose will my writing serve? Have I read enough about the topic or theme about which I am going to write? ___49___ Because academic writing is a serious activity – it makes one part of a shared community of readers and writers who wish to disseminate and learn from well-argued pieces of writing. The structure of an argumentative essay should take the form of – Introduction (which should be around ten percent of the entire essay), Body (it should constitute eighty percent of the piece) and the Conclusion (again, ten per cent of the essay). ___50___ The body should include cogent and coherently linked paragraphs and the conclusion should re-state the argument and offer a substantial ending to the piece. A. These questions may well get clearer and clearer during the process of academic writing. B The introduction should function as the hook which draws the reader in and holds his attention. C. It is a formal skill, which requires precision and accuracy, and is perfected by continuous and dedicated practice. D. If one is hesitant to answer even one of the aforementioned questions, one had better not write at all! E. It may take one a considerable period of time to know the skills of academic writing, even long after his/her college graduation. F. It is a time-consuming activity and demands patience and perseverance. IV. Translation （2.5+3+3+4=12.5%） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 51. 在小说的某个戏剧性时刻，可怕的秘密泄漏出来，接着便是某人的声誉扫地。（汉译英） ________________________________________________________ 52. 人们普遍认为蔬菜对我们的健康非常有益。（It）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________ 53. 随着人们购物欲不断上涨， 传统节日已成为花钱的借口。（With）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________ 54. 与我们在杂志上读到的锻炼可以强身健体的信息相反，需要注意的是，饭后立即散步对健康未必有好处。（Contrary; worth）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________ V. Writing（10%） 55. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学的李华，本学期你参加了英美文学选修课，老师提供了两种考核方式供大家选择。请给老师写一封邮件，说说你的选择。 你的邮件需包括： 1.你所选择的考核方式： 2.通过比较， 说明你选择的理由。 考核方式 课堂考试 学期论文(term paper) 完成时间 2小时 2周 内容 老师限定 可任选一个你感兴趣的课题 地点 课堂上 课外 完成方式 独立完成，不得带参考书 可讨论，并可查阅相关资料 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 格致中学二○二四学年度第一学期期中考试 高二年级 英语试卷 （测试100分钟内完成，总分100分，试后交答题卷） I. Listening Comprehension （1*20=20%） Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Get some small change. B. Find a shopping center. C. Cash a check at a bank. D. Find a parking place. 2. A. In a cotton field. B. At a railway stop. C. On a farm. D. On a train. 3. A. Shopping with his son. B. Buying a gift for a child. C. Promoting a new product. D. Bargaining with a sales girl. 4. A. Taking photos. B. Cutting images. C. Fixing cameras. D. Drawing pictures. 5. A. The school. B. A shop. C. The post office. D. Home. 6. A. He is rather disappointed. B. He is highly ambitious. C. He can’t face the situation. D. He knows his own limitations. 7. A. The woman is unfit for studying physics. B. He can be the woman’s private teacher. C. Physics is an important course at school. D. The professor’s suggestion is helpful. 8. A. They aren’t used to a cold place. B. They feel lucky to live in Florida. C. They are going to have a holiday. D. They haven’t booked air tickets yet. 9. A. Look for a more expensive hotel. B. Go to another hotel by bus. C. Try to find a quiet place. D. Take a walk around the city. 10. A. The man has changed his destination. B. The man is returning his ticket. C. He is flying to NY tomorrow morning. D. He can’t get to NY as planned. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. It was difficult for other cars to pass. B. The dog couldn’t follow his car. C. He was driving at too high a speed. D. The dog was likely to be injured. 12. A. He required him to pay the fine. B. He took him to the police station. C. He asked him to put the dog into the car. D. He sent him home and charged him. 13. A. He had never broken the traffic rules. B. He was seriously punished for laziness. C. He walked his dog by car every day. D. He was too old to run after his dog. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Anyone who needs to find a job, yet lacks information. B. Those who have money but wonder how to invest. C. People who want to achieve even higher life goals. D. Anyone too lazy to exercise with an unhealthy diet. 15. A. He gives you advice by e-mail once a month. B. He calls to give you suggestions every week. C. He comes to talk with you face to face once a year. D. He writes to help you just like your old friends. 16. A. Differences between a basketball coach and a life coach. B. Why Hollywood stars greatly need life coaches. C. How people usually achieve higher life goals. D. What a life coach usually does to help people succeed. Questions 17 through,20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Spot an area of the show business. B. Design their project. C Read the instructions. D. Discuss the project. 18. A. By doing face-to-face interviews. B. By doing telephone interviews. C. By mailing out a questionnaire. D. By making observations. 19. A. Art. B. Literature. C. Music. D. Cinema. 20. A. Male and female. B. The young and the old. C. Children and adults. D. Different age groups. II. Grammar and Vocabulary （20%） Section A（1*10=10%） Directions: After reading the following passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Stealth Marketing At its core, stealth marketing is about integrating a product or service into daily life or popular culture in such a seamless manner that it feels like a natural part of the environment. The main objective? ___1___(get) consumers talking about a product or service without directly pushing it onto them. By avoiding the traditional sales pitch, brands hope to generate organic interest and word-of-mouth buzz, capitalizing on the element of surprise and genuine user experiences. Stealth marketing has the power to turn a brand into the subject everyone is talking about. ___2___ it’s a family discussing it over dinner or friends sharing it on social media, the brand becomes a natural part of conversations. This kind of organic discussion can be more valuable than any paid advertisement ___3___ it comes from trusted sources - friends and family. One of the standout features of stealth marketing is its subtlety. ___4___ traditional advertising, which can be seen as pushy or annoying, stealth marketing is designed to blend in. This makes people more comfortable and open to the brand, often___5___ (lead) to increased trust. When consumers trust a brand, they are more likely to become loyal customers, recommend the brand to others, and even defend it against criticism. Budget is a concern for any marketing campaign. Stealth marketing often requires less financial investment ___6___ (compare) to traditional methods like TV commercials or billboard ads. This cost-effectiveness allows for more flexibility in the marketing budget, freeing up resources for other important business activities. The very thing ___7___ makes it effective - its subtlety - also raises ethical questions. Is it right to market to people in a way that they don’t even realize they ___8___ (market) things to? This lack of transparency ___9___ make some consumers feel deceived, which could harm the brand’s reputation in the long run. Navigating the legal landscape is ____10____challenge in stealth marketing. Advertising laws are in place to protect consumers from misleading information. Stealth marketing strategies must be carefully planned to ensure they don’t cross any legal boundaries. Failure to comply with these laws can result in penalties, legal action, and a tarnished brand image. 【答案】1. To get 2. Whether 3. because 4. Unlike 5. leading 6. compared 7. that 8. are being marketed 9. can 10. another 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了隐形营销的特点、优点以及面临的问题。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：让消费者谈论产品或服务，而不直接把它推给他们。根据上文的“The main objective?”可知，这里是对前文目的问题的回答，应用不定式表示目的，故填To get。 【2题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：无论是家人在晚餐时讨论，还是朋友在社交媒体上分享，品牌都会成为对话的自然组成部分。根据空后的“it’s a family discussing it over dinner or friends sharing it on social media”可知，这里应用whether，whether...or...引导让步状语从句，意为“无论是……还是……”。故填Whether。 【3题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：这种有机讨论可以比任何付费广告更有价值，因为它来自可信赖的来源——朋友和家人。空处引导状语从句，“it comes from trusted sources — friends and family”是“This kind of organic discussion can be more valuable than any paid advertisement”的原因，所以应用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 【4题详解】 考查介词。句意：与传统广告不同，传统广告可能被视为咄咄逼人或令人讨厌，隐形营销旨在融入其中。空后是名词短语“traditional advertising”，所以空处应用介词。根据“which can be seen as pushy or annoying, stealth marketing is designed to blend in”可知，隐性营销和传统广告不一样，unlike意为“不像”。故填Unlike。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这使人们对品牌更加舒适和开放，通常会增加信任。本句谓语是makes，所以空处应用非谓语动词。人们对品牌更加舒适和开放，会让人信任该品牌，这里是自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填leading。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与电视广告或广告牌广告等传统方法相比，隐性营销通常需要更少的财务投资。本句的谓语是requires，所以空处应用非谓语动词。compared to...意为“与……相比”，在句中作状语。故填compared。 【7题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：使其有效的东西——它的细微之处——也引发了伦理问题。空处引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词thing，在从句中作主语，且thing前有The very修饰，所以只能用关系代词that。故填that。 【8题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：以一种人们甚至没有意识到自己被推销东西的方式向人们推销是正确的吗？realize后是省略that的宾语从句，空处在句中作谓语。根据“they don’t even realize”和句意可知，他们没有意识到自己在被推销产品，表示正在进行，应用现在进行时，且这里表示被动，应用被动语态。故填are being marketed。 【9题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：这种缺乏透明度会让一些消费者感到受骗，从长远来看，这可能会损害品牌的声誉。根据空后的make可知，空处应用情态动词。根据句意，这里表示“会让消费者感到受欺骗”，应用can，意为“会”。故填can。 【10题详解】 考查代词。句意：在法律环境中导航是隐形营销的另一个挑战。根据上文中的“The very thing ___7___makes it effective — its subtlety — also raises ethical questions.”可知，上文讲述了隐性营销面临的伦理问题，这里讲述了在法律环境中导航这个挑战，属于不确定范围的另一个挑战，应用another，意为“另一”。故填another。 Section B （1*10=10%） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. appealing B. bargains C. credited D. identical E. intentionally F. items G. limited H. missteps I. pioneered J. gratefully K. scored Dupes are wearing out Lululemon Athletica Dupes are the products that cost less than the premium (高端的) versions but are of similar style and quality. Less expensive versions of premium products have become a(n) ____11____ alternative, particularly for younger shoppers. That is becoming a problem for Lululemon Athletica, the company that ____12____ high- end sportswear and made $100 leggings the norm. “The brand logo doesn’t hold as much appeal as it used to,” said Mikayla Kitsopoulos, a 22- year- old college student. “Finding ____13____ is the new status symbol.” When Kitsopoulos was in high school, she wore Lululemon leggings, which cost about $100. Now, she buys her leggings on Amazon for about $30. She said the quality and fit is almost ____14____, so why pay more? The heightened competition comes as Lululemon has made a series of ____15____ that have turned off even some of its most devoted fans. Not long ago, it removed a new type of leggings from its stores and website after customers complained about the fit. Other mistakes have included a color palette that was too ____16____ and not having enough of some products such as smaller size leggings. The misfires have pushed people such as Natalie Assink to ____17____ seek out different brands. The20- year- old college student said she switched from Lululemon to Gymshark and AYBL not just because their leggings cost less, but also because they have more color varieties. Buying cheaper versions of premium products isn’t new. Boasting about it is. Ellyn Briggs, Moring Consult’s brands analyst, ____18____ the growing popularity of dupes to inflation but also to the rise of social media. The No. I reason people said they bought dupes was to save money, according to Morning Consult’s survey. They also wanted to test out whether the cheaper versions were as good as the premium ____19____ and then post about them on TikTok or other platforms. “It’s more than just a transaction,” Briggs said. “They want to share the fact that they have ____20____ a success.” 【答案】11. A 12. I 13. B 14. D 15. H 16. G 17. E 18. C 19. F 20. K 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了平价替代品（dupes）的流行，特别是针对高端运动品牌Lululemon Athletica的影响，以及消费者选择平价替代品的原因和动机。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：高档产品的低价版已成为一种颇具吸引力的选择，尤其是对年轻消费者而言。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，appealing意为“吸引人的”，符合语境。故选A项。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：这已成为Lululemon Athletica公司的一个问题，该公司率先推出了高端运动服装，并使100美元的打底裤成为常态。此处是that引导的定语从句，从句缺少谓语，空处应填动词，根据后文的made可知，用一般过去时，所以pioneered意为“开创”，符合语境。故选I项。 【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：“品牌标识已不再像过去那样具有吸引力，”22 岁的大学生Mikayla Kitsopoulos说道，“寻找物美价廉的商品才是新的身份象征。”空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，bargain意为“便宜货”，符合语境，为可数名词，根据句意，此处用复数形式。故选B项。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她说，质量和合身度几乎一样，为什么要多付钱呢?空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，identical意为“相同的”，符合语境。故选D项。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：竞争加剧之际，Lululemon犯下了一系列失误，甚至让一些最忠实的粉丝也失去了兴趣。空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，此处指Lululemon犯了一系列错误，missteps意为“失误”，符合语境。故选H项。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：其他错误还包括配色过于有限，以及一些产品(如小号打底裤)数量不足。空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词作表语，此处指颜色调色板太有限，limited意为“有限的”，符合语境。故选G项。 【17题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些失败促使Natalie Assink等人有意寻找不同的品牌。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词修饰，此处指这些失误促使人们故意寻找不同的品牌，intentionally意为“故意地”，符合语境。故选E项。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：Moring Consult公司的品牌分析师Ellyn Briggs将冒牌服装越来越受欢迎归因于通货膨胀，但也归因于社交媒体的兴起。本句缺少谓语，所以空处应填动词，此处指将平价替代品的日益流行归因于通货膨胀，credit…to…意为“把……归因于……”，符合语境，根据句意，此处描述已发生的事，用一般过去时。故选C项。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们还想测试一下便宜的版本是否和高级产品一样好，然后在TikTok或其他平台上发布有关它们的信息。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，此处指便宜版本是否和高端产品一样好，items意为“产品”，符合语境。故选F项。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：Briggs说：“这不仅仅是一笔交易。他们想分享他们取得成功的事实。”根据句意，此处表达已完成之事，用现在完成时，空前已有have，所以空处应填过去分词形式，此处指他们想分享他们取得成功的事实，scored意为“取得”，符合语境。故选K项。 III. Reading Comprehension （37.5%） Section A Cloze （1*15=15%） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Celebrity has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture. Fans used to be crazy about a specific film, but now the public ____21____ to base its consumption on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product. Besides, fashion magazines have almost ____22____ the practice of putting models on the cover because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous ____23____. As a result, celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerful market potential, moving from advertising for others’ products to ____24____ their own. Celebrity clothing lines aren’t a ____25____ new phenomenon, but in the past they were typically aimed at the ordinary consumers, and ____26____ a few TV actresses. Today they’re started by first-class stars whose products enjoy equal fame with some world top ____27____. The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with ____28____ personal style. As celebrities become more and more experienced at the market, they expand their production scale rapidly, ____29____ almost all the products of daily life. However, for every success story, there’s a related ____30____ tale of a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal. No matter how famous the product’s ____31____ is, if it fails to impress consumers with its own qualities, it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing. And once the ____32____ attention dies down, consumer interest might fade, loyalty returning to tried-and-true labels. Today, celebrities face even more severe embarrassment. The pop-cultural circle might be bigger than ever, but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well. Each misstep threatens to ____33____ a celebrity’s shelf life, and the same newspaper or magazine that once brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears. ____34____, the ego’s (自我的) potential for expansion is limitless. Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered. As the saying goes, success and failure always go hand in hand. Their success as ____35____ might last a lifetime, but fashion-like celebrity-has always been short-lived. 21. A. tends B. returns C. aims D. means 22. A. abandoned B. delayed C. established D. assumed 23. A. films B. faces C. issues D. stories 24. A. inventing B. composing C. exploring D. developing 25. A. dramatically B. completely C. steadily D. normally 26. A. taken by B. set for C. limited to D. listed on 27. A. brands B. trends C. sales D. editions 28. A. common B. specific C. potential D. artificial 29. A. promoting B. extending C. engaging D. covering 30. A. disappointing B. warning C. greeting D. amazing 31. A. origin B. organization C. release D. intention 32. A. continuous B. crazy C. initial D. sincere 33. A. strike B. isolate C. promote D. reduce 34. A. Still B. Thus C. Moreover D. Indeed 35. A. stars B. models C. designers D. advertisers 【答案】21. A 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了名人已经意识到他们难以置信的强大的市场潜力，从为别人的产品做广告到开发自己的产品。介绍了名人服装品牌的优势以及缺点。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：过去，影迷们会为一部特定的电影疯狂，但现在，公众倾向于将自己的消费建立在名人对任何特定产品的兴趣之上。A. tends打算；B. returns返回；C. aims旨在；D. means意味着。根据后文“to base its consumption on the interest of celebrity attached to any given product”指现在，公众倾向于将自己的消费建立在名人对任何特定产品的兴趣之上。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，时尚杂志几乎已经放弃了把模特放在封面上的做法，因为她们的销量远不如名人。A. abandoned抛弃；B. delayed延误；C. established建立；D. assumed假设。根据后文“because they don’t sell nearly as well as famous”可知，时尚杂志几乎已经放弃了把模特放在封面上的做法，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，时尚杂志几乎已经放弃了把模特放在封面上的做法，因为她们的销量远不如名人。A. films电影；B. faces脸；C. issues问题；D. stories故事。呼应上文“the interest of celebrity”指模特不如名人，famous faces表示“名人”。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，名人已经意识到他们难以置信的强大的市场潜力，从为别人的产品做广告到开发自己的产品。A. inventing发明；B. composing组成；C. exploring探索；D. developing开发，发展。根据上文“from advertising for others’ products to”指名人从为别人的产品做广告到开发自己的产品。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：名人服装品牌并不是一个全新的现象，但在过去，它们通常是针对普通消费者的，而且仅限于少数电视女演员。A. dramatically戏剧地；B. completely完全地；C. steadily稳定地；D. normally正常地。根据后文“new phenomenon, but in the past”可知，过去也出现过，所以不是一个全新的现象。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：名人服装品牌并不是一个全新的现象，但在过去，它们通常是针对普通消费者的，而且仅限于少数电视女演员。A. taken by突袭；B. set for安排；C. limited to限于；D. listed on列在……上。根据后文“a few TV actresses”可知，名人服装品牌在过去仅限于少数电视女演员。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，他们由一流的明星创立，他们的产品享有与一些世界顶级品牌同等的声誉。A. brands品牌；B. trends趋势；C. sales销售；D. editions版本。根据上文“they’re started by first-class stars”可知，一流明星创立的产品享有与一些世界顶级品牌同等的声誉。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最成功的初创企业是那些拥有特定个人风格的名人创办的。A. common普通的；B. specific特别的；C. potential有潜力的；D. artificial人造的。根据上文“The most successful start-ups have been those by celebrities with”以及常识，最成功的初创企业是那些拥有特定个人风格的名人创办的。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着明星在市场上的经验越来越丰富，他们的生产规模迅速扩大，几乎涵盖了所有的日常生活产品。A. promoting促进；B. extending延伸；C. engaging参与；D. covering覆盖。根据后文“almost all the products of daily life”指产品几乎涵盖了所有的日常生活产品。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，每一个成功故事，都有一个相关的警告故事，一个名人高估了他的消费者吸引力。A. disappointing使失望；B. warning警告；C. greeting问候；D. amazing使吃惊。根据后文“a celebrity who overvalued his consumer appeal”可知，一个名人高估了他的消费者吸引力是警告故事，故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论产品的起源多么有名，如果它不能用自身的品质打动消费者，它就开始像一种自我推销的营销活动。A. origin起源；B. organization组织；C. release释放；D. intention意图。根据上文“No matter how famous the product’s”可知，这里指名人创立的产品，起源也有名。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦最初的关注消失，消费者的兴趣可能会消退，忠诚度会回到可靠的品牌。A. continuous持续的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. initial首先的；D. sincere真诚的。根据后文“attention dies down, consumer interest might fade”可知，最初的关注消失，消费者的兴趣可能会消退，故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一个失误都有可能缩短名人的寿命，而曾经给他带来名气的报纸或杂志在机会出现时毫不犹豫地将他撕成碎片。A. strike打击；B. isolate隔离；C. promote促进；D. reduce减少。根据上文“Each misstep threatens to”可知失误会减少名人的寿命，故选D。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，自我膨胀的潜力是无限的。A. Still仍然；B. Thus因此；C. Moreover此外；D. Indeed确实。根据后文“the ego’s potential for expansion is limitless.”可知，尽管失误会减少名人的寿命，可自我膨胀的潜力是无限的。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为设计师，他们的成功可能持续一生，但时尚就像名人一样，总是短暂的。A. stars明星；B. models模型；C. designers设计师；D. advertisers广告商。呼应上文“Having already achieved great wealth and public recognition, many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered.(由于已经获得了巨大的财富和公众的认可，许多名人将时尚视为下一个需要征服的领域)”可知，这里指名人想要成为设计师，故选C。 Section B （1.5*11=16.5%） Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. （A） There is a famous story about British poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge. He was writing a poem when he was interrupted by a knock at the door. This was an age before the telephone. Someone was delivering a message. When Coleridge got back to his poem, he had lost his inspiration. His poetic mood had been broken by the knock on his door. His unfinished poem, which could otherwise have been a masterpiece, would now never be more than a fragment (片段). This story tells how unexpected communication can destroy an important thought. That brings us to the invention of the cellphone. The most common complaint about cellphones is that people talk on them to the annoyance of people around them. But more damaging may be the cellphone’s disruption (中断) of our thoughts. We have already entered a golden age of little white lies about our cellphones, and this is by and large a healthy, protective development. “I didn’t hear it ring” or “I didn’t realize my phone had shut off” are among the lies we tell to give ourselves space where we’re beyond reach. The notion of being unreachable is not a new concept — we have “Do Not Disturb” signs on the doors of hotel rooms. So why must we feel guilty when it comes to cellphones? Why must we apologize if we decide to shut off the cellphone for a while? The problem is that we come from a long-established tradition of difficulty with distance communication. Until the recent mass use of cellphones, it was easy to communicate with someone next to us or a few feet away, but difficult with someone across town, the country or the globe. We came to take it for granted. But cellphones make long-distance communication common, and endanger our time by ourselves. Now time alone, or a conversation with someone next to us which cannot be interrupted by a phone, is something to be cherished (珍惜). Even cellphone devotees, myself usually included, can’t help at times wanting to throw their phones away, or curse the day they were invented. But we don’t and won’t, and there really is no need. All that’s required to take back our private time is a general social recognition that we have the right to it. In other words, we have to develop a healthy contempt (轻视) for the rings of our own phones. Given the ease of making and receiving cellphone calls, if we don’t talk to the caller right now, we surely will shortly later. A cellphone call deserves no greater priority than a random word from the person next to us. Though the call on my cellphone may be the one-in-a-million from Steven Spielberg — who has finally read my novel and wants to make it his next movie. But most likely it is not, and I’m better off thinking about the idea I just had for a new story, or the slice of pizza I’ll eat for lunch. 36. What is the point of the story about the poet Coleridge? A. To direct readers’ attention to the main topic. B. To attract readers’ attention to read his poems. C. To show how important inspiration is to a poet. D. To emphasize the disadvantage of not having a cellphone. 37. Why does the writer mention the “Do Not Disturb” sign? A. To encourage us to use the cellphone as much as we can. B. To persuade us not to worry about the ring of the cellphone. C. To inform us that the cellphone is not to be disturbed in our life. D. To ask us to make an apology when we don’t answer the cellphone call. 38. What does the underlined word “it” (Paragraph 7) most probably refer to? A. answering a call from afar B. talking to friend next to us C. using the cellphone to chat with friends D. communicating to keep the long-established friendship 39. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. Cellphones require more attention than any other invention. B. We sometimes throw the phone away when it is too disturbing. C. The writer would rather continue his own work than be interrupted by the ring. D. We should give priority to the cellphone as it has brought us so much convenience. 【答案】36. A 37. B 38. A 39. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了现代社会中我们的生活经常会受到电话的影响，告诉我们要养成很好的习惯，不要让电话影响我们的生活。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“This story tells how unexpected communication can destroy an important thought. That brings us to the invention of the cellphone.(这个故事告诉我们意想不到的交流是如何摧毁一个重要的想法的。这就引出了手机的发明。)”可推断，讲述关于诗人Coleridge的故事的目的把读者的注意力引到主题上。故选A。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“We have already entered a golden age of little white lies about our cellphones, and this is by and large a healthy, protective development. (我们已经进入了一个关于手机善意谎言的黄金时代，总的来说，这是一种健康的、有保护作用的发展。)”和第六段“The notion of being unreachable is not a new concept(“无法到达”的概念并不是一个新概念)”和“So why must we feel guilty when it comes to cellphones? Why must we apologize if we decide to shut off the cellphone for a while?(那么，我们为什么必须在使用手机时感到内疚呢?如果我们决定关闭手机一段时间，为什么我们必须道歉?)”可推断，作者提到了“请勿打扰”的标志是为了说服我们不要担心手机铃声。故选B。 【38题详解】 词义猜测题。根据文章第七段“The problem is that we come from a long-established tradition of difficulty with distance communication. Until the recent mass use of cellphones, it was easy to communicate with someone next to us or a few feet away, but difficult with someone across town, the country or the globe（问题是，我们来自一个长期以来难以进行远程通信的传统。在最近大量使用手机之前，与我们身边或几英尺外的人交流是很容易的，但与城镇、国家或全球各地的人交流却很困难)”和“We came to take it for granted.(我们开始认为这是理所当然的)”可知，随着手机迅速发展，长距离对话才变得更容易，特别是与周围朋友保持通话，就持别方便，但如果与同城，国内乃至国际的交流仍然不是那么随意，因而相对自己周围的朋友，更愿意和远方的朋友交流，并认为是理所当然。it代指“接听远方的电话”。故选A。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“A cellphone call deserves no greater priority than a random word from the person next to us. (一个手机电话不应该比我们旁边的人随便说一个字更重要。)”可推断，作者宁愿继续他自己的工作，也不愿被铃声打断。故选C。 （B） ▲ Allerton, Liverpool £590,000 A large-area lawn would look at home on a traditional red-brick campus. Six miles south of the University of Liverpool and the “knowledge quarter”, it is part of Allerton Priory, designed and built by Victorian gothic architect Alfred Waterhouse in the early 1800s for a local merchant and now separated into apartments. There’s a three-bedroom duplex (复式) on the lower ground and ground floor. The living room has floor-to-ceiling windows and views of the grounds, and there’s a private gate for residents leading to Allerton Manor sports car club. Fine & Country, 0151-947-0810 ▲ Halton, Lancashire £285,000 This environmentally-friendly home is in the eco-settlement of Forgebank in the village of Halton on the outskirts of Lancaster. It may suit the buyers—with conscience and cash—who have chosen to settle close to the city they studied in. The complex sits on the banks of the River Lune and next to the Forest of Bowland. A two-bedroom home covers 1,050 sq ft with a balcony. The funky yellow kitchen cabinetry is by local carpenters. The Modern House, 0203-795-5920 ▲ Eddington, Cambridge £689,950 The local government of Cambridge is developing a new sustainable residential district two miles north of the city centre with 3,000 homes, 2,000 postgraduate rooms for the University of Cambridge, sports facilities, a market square and park lot. One of the newest phases is Knights Park. There’s a two-bedroom, two-bathroom luxury flat on the fourth floor of the Florey building with no stamp duty to pay. Hill, 01223-607-200 ▲ City centre, Bristol £565,000 This two-bedroom, first-floor apartment is in a pastel-coloured, period townhouse (老式联排别墅指ancientness)on the waterfront in the heart of Bristol’s nightlife,(夜生活中心指modernity)with a parking space, a lift and views of the Floating Harbour and the Arnolfini arts centre. Beyond is the tree-lined Georgian gardens of Queen Square in the old town. The University of Bristol is a 30-minute walk away. Knight Frank, 0117-317-1996 40. Which of the following is TRUE about the house in Allerton? A. It enjoys an open and broad view of nearby grounds. B. It is located on the campus of the University of Liverpool. C. It houses the Allerton Manor sports car club on the second floor. D. It was designed in the early 18th century by a local merchant. 41. Which house advertised boasts a combination of modernity and ancientness? A. Allerton, Liverpool B. Halton, Lancashire C. Eddington, Cambridge D. City centre, Bristol 42. Alex and Susan, a newly married couple who love sports and own a car, are looking for a two-bedroom house property. They may contact _______ to ask for more information. A. Fine & Country B. The Modern House C. Hill D. Knight Frank 【答案】40. A 41. D 42. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章一则房产广告，介绍了几个具有特色的房产。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据Allerton, Liverpool 标题下“The living room has floor-to-ceiling windows and views of the grounds（客厅里有几扇落地窗，可以看到地面上的景色）”可知，Allerton的房子带有落地窗，所以会有很开阔的视野。故选A。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据City centre, Bristol 标题下“This two-bedroom, first-floor apartment is in a pastel-coloured, period townhouse (老式联排别墅指ancientness)on the waterfront in the heart of Bristol’s nightlife,（夜生活中心指modernity)with a parking space（这套两室一层的公寓位于一座色彩柔和的古色古香的联排别墅内，位于布里斯托尔夜生活中心的水边(现代气息)，还有一个停车位）”中的“ancientness”以及“modernity可知City centre, Bristol具备现代性和古典韵味。故选D。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据Eddington, Cambridge标题下“sports facilities, a market square and park lot.(体育设施，市场广场和停车场)”以及“There’s a two-bedroom two-bathroom luxury flat on the fourth floor of the Florey building with no stamp duty to pay(在弗洛里大厦四楼，有一套两室两卫的豪华公寓，不用交印花税)”可知，Eddington, Cambridge的房子可以满足喜欢运动的购房人对于两居室及停车的需求，可以联系Hill, 01223-607-200。故选C。 （C） By now you’ve probably heard about the “you’re not special” speech, when English teacher David McCullough told graduating seniors at Wellesley High School: “Do not get the idea you’re anything special, because you’re not.” Mothers and fathers present at the ceremony — and a whole lot of other parents across the Internet — took issue with McCullough’s ego-puncturing words. But lost in the uproar was something we really should be taking to heart: our young people actually have no idea whether they’re particularly talented or accomplished or not. In our eagerness to elevate their self-esteem, we forgot to teach them how to realistically assess their own abilities, a crucial requirement for getting better at anything from math to music to sports. In fact, it’s not just privileged high-school students: we all tend to view ourselves as above average. Such inflated self-judgments have been found in study after study, and it’s often exactly when we’re least competent at a given task that we rate our performance most generously. In a 2006 study published in the journal Medical Education, for example, medical students who scored the lowest on an essay test were the most charitable in their self-evaluations, while high-scoring students judged themselves much more strictly. Poor students, the authors note, “lack insight” into their own inadequacy. Why should this be? Another study, led by Cornell University psychologist David Dunning, offers an enlightening explanation. People who are incompetent, he writes with coauthor Justin Kruger, suffer from a “dual burden”: they’re not good at what they do, and their very incapability prevents them from recognizing how bad they are. In Dunning and Kruger’s study, subjects scoring at the bottom of the heap on tests of logic, grammar and humor “extremely overestimated” their talents. What these individuals lacked (in addition to clear logic, proper grammar and a sense of humor) was “metacognitive skill”: the capacity to monitor how well they’re performing. In the absence of that capacity, the subjects arrived at an overly hopeful view of their own abilities. There’s a paradox here, the authors note: “The skills that lead to competence in a particular domain are often the very same skills necessary to evaluate competence in that domain.” In other words, to get better at judging how well we’re doing at an activity, we have to get better at the activity itself. There are a couple of ways out of this double bind. First, we can learn to make honest comparisons with others. Train yourself to recognize excellence, even when you yourself don’t possess it, and compare what you can do against what truly excellent individuals are able to accomplish. Second, seek out feedback that is frequent, accurate and specific. Find a critic who will tell you not only how poorly you’re doing, but just what it is that you’re doing wrong. As Dunning and Kruger note, success indicates to us that everything went right, but failure is more ambiguous: any number of things could have gone wrong. Use this external feedback to figure out exactly where and when you screwed up. If we adopt these strategies — and most importantly, teach them to our children — they won’t need parents, or a commencement (毕业典礼) speaker, to tell them that they’re special. They’ll already know that they are, or have a plan to get that way. 43. Which can be the best title of this passage? A. Special or Not? Teach Kids To Figure It Out B. Let’s Admit That We Are Not That Special C. Tips On Making Ourselves More Special D. Tell The Truth: Kids Overestimate their Talents 44. The author thinks the real problem is that ______. A. we don't know whether our young people are talented or not B. young people don't know how to assess their abilities realistically C. no requirement is set up for young people to get better D. we always tend to consider ourselves to be privileged 45. Which is NOT mentioned about poor students according to the passage? A. They usually give themselves high scores in self-evaluations. B. They tend to be unable to know exactly how bad they are. C. They are intelligently inadequate in tests and exams. D. They lack the capacity to monitor how well they are performing. 46. We can infer from the passage that those high-scoring students ______. A. know how to cultivate clear logic and proper grammar B. tend to underestimate their performance because they know their limits C. tend to regard themselves as competent due to their strict self-judgement D. tend to be very competent in judging their performance in their high-scoring fields. 【答案】43. A 44. B 45. C 46. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章从你并不特别的演讲入手，指出了现在的年轻人不知道如何评估自己的能力，他们既需要有对自己的内在诚实又需要对他人的外在诚实。 【43题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“By now you’ve probably heard about the “you’re not special” speech”（可能你已经听说过“你并不特别”的演讲了）以及“ our young people actually have no idea whether they’re particularly talented or accomplished or not. In our eagerness to elevate their self-esteem, we forgot to teach them how to realistically assess their own abilities”（我们的年轻人实际上不知道他们是否特别有才华或有成就。我们急于提高他们的自尊心，却忘了教他们如何实事求是地评估自己的能力）并结合倒数第二段内容可知，文章从你并不特别”的演讲入手，指出了现在的年轻人不知道如何评估自己的能力，他们既需要有对自己的内在诚实有需要对他人的外在诚实，故选A。 【44题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“In our eagerness to elevate their self-esteem, we forgot to teach them how to realistically assess their own abilities,”（我们急于提高他们的自尊心，却忘了教他们如何实事求是地评估自己的能力）可知，作者认为真正的问题是年轻人不知道如何现实地评估自己的能力。故选B。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In a 2006 study published in the journal Medical Education, for example, medical students who scored the lowest on an essay test were the most charitable in their self-evaluations, while high-scoring students judged themselves much more strictly. Poor students, the authors note, “lack insight” into their own inadequacy. ”（例如，在2006年发表在《医学教育》杂志上的一项研究表明，在论文测试中得分最低的医学生在自我评价中是最仁慈的，而高分学生对自己的评价要严格得多。作者指出，得分低的学生对自己的不足“缺乏洞察力”）和 “they’re not good at what they do, and their very ineptness prevents them from recognizing how bad they are”（他们并不擅长自己所做的事情，而正是他们能力的欠缺使他们无法认识到自己有多糟糕）以及第三段中“What these individuals lacked (in addition to clear logic, proper grammar and a sense of humor) was “metacognitive skill”: the capacity to monitor how well they’re performing.”（这些人所缺少的（除了清晰的逻辑、恰当的语法和幽默感之外）是“元认知技能”：即监控他们表现如何的能力。在缺乏这种能力的情况下，受试者对自己的能力产生了过于乐观的看法）可知，A（他们通常在自我评价中给自己高分）、B（他们往往不知道自己到底有多糟糕）、D（他们缺乏监控自己表现如何的能力）三点都提到了，而C“他们在测试和考试中不够聪明”在文中未提到。故选C。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Such inflated self-judgments have been found in study after study, and it’s often exactly when we’re least competent at a given task that we rate our performance most generously.”（这种夸大的自我判断在一个又一个的研究中被发现，而正是在我们最不胜任某项任务的时候，我们才会对自己的表现给予最慷慨的评价）可知，那些高分的学生往往在他们的高分领域非常有能力。故选D。 Section C （1.5*4=6%） Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The art of academic writing is not easy to master. ___47___ Academic writing is the skilful exposition and explanation of an argument, which the writer has carefully researched and developed over a sustained period of time. ___48___ But the joy of reading and sharing with others, one’s succinctly composed piece of argument, is incomparable. Before beginning to write, the writer must ask himself a few questions – Why am I writing? What is it that I intend to share with others? What purpose will my writing serve? Have I read enough about the topic or theme about which I am going to write? ___49___ Because academic writing is a serious activity – it makes one part of a shared community of readers and writers who wish to disseminate and learn from well-argued pieces of writing. The structure of an argumentative essay should take the form of – Introduction (which should be around ten percent of the entire essay), Body (it should constitute eighty percent of the piece) and the Conclusion (again, ten per cent of the essay). ___50___ The body should include cogent and coherently linked paragraphs and the conclusion should re-state the argument and offer a substantial ending to the piece. A. These questions may well get clearer and clearer during the process of academic writing. B. The introduction should function as the hook which draws the reader in and holds his attention. C. It is a formal skill, which requires precision and accuracy, and is perfected by continuous and dedicated practice. D. If one is hesitant to answer even one of the aforementioned questions, one had better not write at all! E. It may take one a considerable period of time to know the skills of academic writing, even long after his/her college graduation. F. It is a time-consuming activity and demands patience and perseverance. 【答案】47. C 48. F 49. D 50. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何掌握论文写作艺术的几点建议。 【47题详解】 根据本空前的“The art of academic writing is not easy to master.”可知，论文写作的艺术很难掌握，此处应该介绍论文写作难以掌握的原因，C项中的It指代的就是academic writing，故C项（它是一种正式的技能，需要精确和准确，并通过持续和专门的时间来完善）符合语境。 【48题详解】 根据本空前的“which the writer has carefully researched and developed over a sustained period of time.”可知，论文写作需要作者进行长期的认真研究，此处说的应该还是和花费时间有关的内容，的故F项（这是一项耗时的活动，需要耐心和毅力）符合语境。 【49题详解】 本空前提到了一系列的问题，此处承接上文，讲的还是关于那些问题的内容，D项中的the aforementioned questions正好与前面提到的问题相对应，故D项（如果一个人对回答上述任何一个问题都犹豫不决，他最好不要写）符合语境。 【50题详解】 根据本空前的“The structure of an argumentative essay should take the form of – Introduction (which should be around ten percent of the entire essay), Body (it should constitute eighty percent of the piece) and the Conclusion (again, ten per cent of the essay).”可知，论文由引言和正文两部分组成，下文介绍了关于正文的内容，此处讲的应该是关于引言的内容，故B项（引言应该起到吸引读者注意力的作用）符合语境。 IV. Translation （2.5+3+3+4=12.5%） Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 51. 在小说的某个戏剧性时刻，可怕的秘密泄漏出来，接着便是某人的声誉扫地。（汉译英） ________________________________________________________ 【答案】At some dramatic moment in the story, the terrible secret becomes known and a reputation is ruined.  【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和被动语态。句子是描述一个事实，使用一般现在时，“在小说的某个戏剧性时刻”译为介词短语at some dramatic moment in the story，“可怕的秘密”译为terrible secret，“泄漏出来”使用动词短语become known，become用作连系动词，形容词known作表语，“声誉”使用名词reputation，使用动词ruin“破坏”，和reputation之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，故翻译为：At some dramatic moment in the story, the terrible secret becomes known and a reputation is ruined.  52. 人们普遍认为蔬菜对我们的健康非常有益。（It）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________ 【答案】It is generally believed that vegetables are very beneficial to our health.   【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型和形容词。句子陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。固定句型It is generally believed that…来表达“人们普遍认为…”，It是形式主语，that引导主语从句；“蔬菜”为vegetables，作主语；“对……有益处”为be beneficial to；“健康”为health，作宾语。故翻译为：It is generally believed that vegetables are very beneficial to our health. 53. 随着人们购物欲不断上涨， 传统节日已成为花钱的借口。（With）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________ 【答案】With people’s desire to shop on the rise, traditional festivals have become an excuse to spend money. 【解析】 【详解】考查“with复合结构”和动词不定式。根据句意和提示，表示“随着人们购物欲不断上涨”可使用“with复合结构”，表示“人们购物欲”为people’s desire to shop作宾语，表示“不断上涨”为介词短语on the rise作宾补，with位于句首，首字母需大写，所以“随着人们购物欲不断上涨”可译为With people’s desire to shop on the rise；结合句意，表示“传统节日已成为花钱的借口”应为现在完成时，主语“传统节日”为traditional festivals，表示“变成”为become用于现在完成时，主语为名词复数形式，所以谓语动词为have become，表示“花钱的借口”为an excuse to spend money，其中不定式短语作定语修饰名词excuse，所以“传统节日已成为花钱的借口”可译为traditional festivals have become an excuse to spend money。故翻译为With people’s desire to shop on the rise, traditional festivals have become an excuse to spend money. 54. 与我们在杂志上读到的锻炼可以强身健体的信息相反，需要注意的是，饭后立即散步对健康未必有好处。（Contrary; worth）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________ 【答案】Contrary to the information we read in magazines that exercise can strengthen our bodies, it is worth noting that taking a walk immediately after eating is not necessarily beneficial to health. 【解析】 【详解】考查同位语从句和固定句型。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，表示“与……相反”应用contrary to；表示“我们在杂志上读到的信息”应用information we read in magazines，此处为we read in magazines为省略了that的定语从句；表示“锻炼可以强身健体”应用that exercise can strengthen our bodies，that引导同位语从句，解释说明information的内容；表示“饭后立即散步对健康未必有好处”应用it is worth noting that taking a walk immediately after eating is not necessarily beneficial to health，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。故翻译成：Contrary to the information we read in magazines that exercise can strengthen our bodies, it is worth noting that taking a walk immediately after eating is not necessarily beneficial to health. V. Writing（10%） 55. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 你是明启中学的李华，本学期你参加了英美文学选修课，老师提供了两种考核方式供大家选择。请给老师写一封邮件，说说你的选择。 你的邮件需包括： 1.你所选择的考核方式： 2.通过比较， 说明你选择的理由。 考核方式 课堂考试 学期论文(term paper) 完成时间 2小时 2周 内容 老师限定 可任选一个你感兴趣的课题 地点 课堂上 课外 完成方式 独立完成，不得带参考书 可讨论，并可查阅相关资料 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear teacher, I am writing to inform you that I have decided to choose the term paper as my assessment method for this semester’s British and American literature course. The reason why I choose the term paper over the in- class examination is that I believe the term paper offers me more flexibility and opportunities to explore the subject in depth. Firstly, the term paper allows me to choose a topic that I am interested in, which I believe will make the learning process more enjoyable and effective. On the other hand, the in - class examination is limited to the content specified by the teacher, which may not be as engaging for me. Secondly, the term paper gives me two weeks to complete it, during which I can discuss with others and consult relevant materials. This will enable me to gain a deeper understanding of the topic and produce a more comprehensive paper. In contrast, the in - class examination only allows two hours for completion and prohibits the use of reference books, which may limit my ability to demonstrate my full understanding of the subject. In conclusion, I believe the term paper is a more suitable assessment method for me as it allows me to explore the subject in depth and at my own pace. Thank you for your understanding and support. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生对于本学期你参加了英美文学选修课，老师提供了两种考核方式供大家选择这一情况，给老师写一封邮件，说说你的选择。 【详解】1.词汇积累 方法，方式：method→ way 提供：offers→ provides 获得：gain→ obtain 禁止：prohibit→ forbid 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：Secondly, the term paper gives me two weeks to complete it, during which I can discuss with others and consult relevant materials. This will enable me to gain a deeper understanding of the topic and produce a more comprehensive paper. 拓展句：Secondly, the term paper gives me two weeks to complete it, during which I can discuss with others and consult relevant materials, which will enable me to gain a deeper understanding of the topic and produce a more comprehensive paper. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The reason why I choose the term paper over the in- class examination is that I believe the term paper offers me more flexibility and opportunities to explore the subject in depth.（运用了why引导的定语从句以及that引导的表语从句。） 【高分句型2】On the other hand, the in - class examination is limited to the content specified by the teacher, which may not be as engaging for me.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$