专题6 情态动词-2025年高考英语二轮复习【重难点·易错点】查漏补缺（天津专用）

专题6 情态动词 情态动词梳理 情态动词 基本用法及例句 can/could ①表示“能力”，could表示过去的能力：He could swim when he was a child. ②表示“请求、许可”，could表示委婉语气：Could you show me the photo? Yes, I can. ③表示“推测”，用于否定或疑问句，could表示委婉语气，可能性低于can： He couldn’t be at home now. ④表示“客观真实性”：The weather in North China can be sometimes windy in Spring. may/might ①表示“请求‘许可”might表示委婉语气：May I come in? ②表示“推测”，用于肯定句或否定句，might表示委婉语气，可能性低于may： My friend might have witnessed the accident yesterday afternoon. ③表示“祝福”，用于祈使句句首：May you be successful in your career. must ①表示“必须”:You must hand in your homework on time. ②表示“推测”，含义为“一定”，用于肯定句：They must have finished the task ahead of time. ③表示语气，“非要，偏要”：Must you listen to the bedtime story before you go to bed? shall ①表示“命令、警告、允诺等”语气，用于二、三人称的陈述句;也多用于法律条文、规定中：He shall get a mobile phone if he gets good exam results. ②表示“征求对方意见”，用以一、三人称的疑问句：Shall we go to play now? should/ought to ①表示“义务、责任”：You should look after your parents when they are old. ②表示“按常理推测”：The meeting should end at 2 o’clock. ③表示吃惊或意想不到的语气，“竟然”： He should be so careless that he made the same mistake again. will/would 1 表示“意愿”,would表示过去的意愿： When I was young, my father was strict and he wouldn’t let me out at night. ②表示“过去常常做……”: My mother would tell me bedtime stories when I was young. 2 表示属性、特征的倾向性：Oil will float on water. The door wouldn’t open. ④用于虚拟语气用法中：If I were you, I would not have forgiven her. dare ①用于实义动词：He doesn’t dare to speak in front of others. ②用于情态动词：He dare not speak in front of others. need ①用于实义动词：The door needs to be painted. ②用于情态动词：We need keep contacted with others. had better “最好”had better (not) do: You had better not make negative comments online. have to/has to had to 有时态和人称的变化“不得不”：She has to go to the dentist tomorrow. 其否定形式：don’t have to/doesn’t have to/didn’t have to“没必要……” 重难点知识梳理 1.情态动词中的固定搭配 根据句意，写出下列固定搭配的含义 (1)cannot…too+形容词或副词/形容词或副词+enough “________________” You cannot be too careful when driving a car. You cannot be careful enough when driving a car. 开车时，你再认真也不为过。 (2)cannot help but do “_________________” When she hears her favorite song, she cannot but help dance along. 当她听到她最喜欢的歌时，她情不自禁地跟着跳舞。 (3) may/might well do “________________” Considering his dedication and hard work, he may/might well win the award. 考虑到他的奉献和辛勤工作，他很可能赢得这个奖项。 (4) may/might as well “__________________” Since we’re already here, we may as well take a look around the museum. 既然我们已经来这里了，不妨参观一下博物馆。 2. 情态动词表推测 ①can, could可以用于否定或疑问推测，could语气弱于can。表示对过去的否定推测时，结构为can’t/couldn’t have done； ②may, might可以用于肯定或否定推测，might语气弱于may。表示对过去的肯定推测时，结构为may/might have done； 3 must仅可以用于肯定推测。表示对过去的肯定推测时，结构为must have done。 根据句意，填入合适的情态动词 She _________________ (miss) the bus; she left home an hour before it was scheduled to arrive. 她不可能错过公交车；她比预定到站时间早一个小时就离开了家。 The floor is wet; it __________________(rain) last night. 地板是湿的；昨晚肯定下雨了。 The package hasn’t arrived yet; it ___________________ (delay) in transit. 包裹还没有到，可能在运输途中延误了。 2. 情态动词表虚拟 should/ought to have done 本应做而没做 shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done 本不应该做而做了 could/might/would have done 本可以或可能做……，但实际未做 couldn’t/mightn’t/wouldn’t have done 不可能做……，但实际做了 needn’t have done 本没必要做而做了 根据句意，填入合适的情态动词 I _______________ (make) that speech without preparing more. I felt so unprofessional. 我本不应该在没有做好充分准备的情况下做那个演讲。我觉得太不专业了。 The team ______________ (do) better in the match if the star player hadn’t been injured. 如果那个球星没有受伤，这个球队本可能表现更好。 You _______________ (do) all that extra work. The boss was already satisfied with what we had. 你没必要做所有额外的工作。老板已经满意我所做的了。 He ________________ (apologize) to his friend earlier because his friend flew to another country. 他本应该早点儿向他朋友道歉，因为他的朋友飞往了另一个国家。 易错题盘点： 1.区分will和shall，表示“征求对方意见或建议”的用法 will/would表示征求对方意见或建议时，常用于第二人称； shall表示征求对方意见或建议时，常用于第一或第三人称。 Will you please close the window? It’s a bit chilly here. 你能关上窗户吗？这里有点冷。 Shall he close the window? It’s going to rain. 他关上窗户好吗？马上要下雨了。 2. shall用法 Shall we go to the park this afternoon? 今天下午去公园好吗？(表示提出建议) We shall meet at the train station at 9 am. 我们将在上午九点在火车站见面。(表示将来的意图或打算) All employees shall wear safety helmets on the construction site. 所有员工在施工现场必须戴安全帽。(表示命令，多用法律条文中) I shall complete this project no matter what difficulty I meet with. 不管遇到什么困难，我一定会完成这个项目。(表示决心或承诺) 真 题 演 练 1．（2023·天津·高考真题）We _________bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t 2．（2021·天津·高考真题）---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted. ---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think. A．may have made B．should have made C．couldn't have made D．needn't have made 3．（2021·天津·高考真题）It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere. A．need B．should C．could D．must 4．（2020·天津·高考真题）Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy . A．must B．can C．need D．should 5．（2020·天津·高考真题）You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best. A．must B．should C．mustn’t D．shouldn't 6．（2019·天津·高考真题）The professor warned the students that on no account ________ use mobile phones in his class. A．should they B．they should C．dare they D．they dare 7．（2019·天津·高考真题）Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week. A．need have practised B．might practise C．must have practised D．could practise 8．（2019·天津·高考真题）Mary’s description of the party was so vivid that I felt as if I there. A．would be B．might have been C．would have been D．had been 9．（2018·天津·高考真题）—What’s wrong with the door? —The key has got stuck in it and ______ come out. A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．won’t 10．（2018·天津·高考真题）Jane wishes that she ______ foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college. A．studied B．had studied C．would study D．might have studied 模 拟 试 题 1．（2024·天津河北·二模）I’ve adjusted the controls several times, but the heater ______ reach the set temperature. A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．needn’t D．won’t 2．（2024·天津南开·二模）They queued (排队) for two hours for nothing. They _________ have been told the tickets were sold out. A．would B．may C．must D．should 3．（2024·天津·二模）—Could you give me a ride to the airport? I’m going to be late. — Come with me. I’ll take the nearest route and you ______ be in time for your flight. A．shall B．need C．dare D．have to 4．（2024·天津和平·二模）—Jimmy, how did your final exam go? —I thought I_______, but the result was not so bad. A．might have failed B．shall have failed C．should have failed D．must have failed 5．（2024·天津河西·二模）I______ before I came to the new company, for my colleagues here are very friendly and helpful to me. A．couldn’t worry B．couldn’t have worried C．needn’t worry D．needn’t have worried 6．（2024·天津河东·二模）—I think I saw John in the library yesterday. —You ________ him; he is still on business. A．can’t have seen B．needn’t see C．mightn’t see D．mustn’t have seen 7．（2024·天津·二模）The cake __________ have been carefully baked for hours based on its delicious taste. A．must B．need C．should D．would 8．（2024·天津·一模）Jason is telling kids something interesting in the living room. He ______ have had a brilliant journey in Beijing. A．must B．should C．could D．would eeting this Saturday. —Well, you ________ attend it if you truly can’t spare the time. A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 10．（2024·天津和平·三模）My laptop ______ be old, but it still works really well. A．can B．could C．may D．would 11．（2024·天津·二模）I love spring because I______ endure the cold of winter or avoid the burning sun of summer in spring. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 12．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）The first attempt at making a lantern proved more challenging than the boy ever ______ have imagined. A．could B．must C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 13．（2024·天津北辰·三模）The high school student answered all the questions properly. In my view, he ______ have read many books. A．must B．should C．need D．could 14．（2024·天津·二模）The HR director announced, “Candidates _______ remain in your seats until all the papers have been collected.” A．can B．shall C．would D．need 15．（2024·天津南开·一模）I know he was wrong, but I ________ tell him because he never listens. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．oughtn’t 16．（2024·天津·一模）Whenever I visited my grandmother’s house, I ______ rush to the kitchen for the stinky tofu with excitement. A．shall B．would C．must D．may 17．（2024·天津·一模）Look, double yellow lines! You park here. A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．daren’t 18．（2024·天津河东·一模）I ______ you about your mistakes, but I didn’t think you would listen to me. A．could have told B．must have told C．should tell D．might tell 19．（2024·天津河北·一模）—The test is very important to us. Do you think so? —Yes, so we ________ be too careful during the test. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t 20．（2024·天津和平·一模）People liked O. Henry’s stories, because simple as the tales were, they ______ finish with a sudden change at the end, to the readers’ surprise. A．could B．would C．might D．must 21．（2023·天津河北·二模）During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t help but think it________have been a huge project to build it in ancient times. A．should B．must C．would D．need 22．（2023·天津·二模）—Congratulations! You ________ great efforts for the English speech contest. —Thanks. I do appreciate my teacher’s guidance. A．must have made B．should have made C．could make D．would make 23．（2023·天津·一模）Zhang Guimei, a famous moral model, ________ a better life, but caring for neither, she devoted herself to changing the fates of children in the mountains. A．could have enjoyed B．may enjoy C．must have enjoyed D．can enjoy 24．（2023·天津·一模）It’s eleven o’clock already. ______ you watch the movie at such a late hour? A．Can B．Must C．May D．Shall 25．（2023·天津滨海新·一模）—The computer start. What’s the matter with it? —Let me look. Well, the power was cut off just now. A．shan’t B．needn’t C．won’t D．mustn’t 26．（2023·天津和平·一模）You________so slowly. I just needed a few seconds to get used to your voice. A．shouldn’t speak B．couldn’t have spoken C．don’t have to D．needn’t have spoken 27．（2022·天津南开·一模）With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles ________become weak. A．should B．must C．can D．need 28．（2022·天津河西·三模）Although the climate in our city is good, yet the temperature ________ fall to 14 centigrade below freezing point in winter. A．should B．shall C．can D．may 29．（2022·天津南开·三模）________ you make so much noise, Jimmy? Your little sister is still sleeping. A．Can’t B．Must C．May D．Won’t 30．（2022·天津南开·二模）Using supercomputer, many labs are now conducting experiments that ________ possible in the past. A．would have been B．might have been C．shouldn’t have been D．couldn’t have been 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题6 情态动词 情态动词梳理 情态动词 基本用法及例句 can/could ①表示“能力”，could表示过去的能力：He could swim when he was a child. ②表示“请求、许可”，could表示委婉语气：Could you show me the photo? Yes, I can. ③表示“推测”，用于否定或疑问句，could表示委婉语气，可能性低于can： He couldn’t be at home now. ④表示“客观真实性”：The weather in North China can be sometimes windy in Spring. may/might ①表示“请求‘许可”might表示委婉语气：May I come in? ②表示“推测”，用于肯定句或否定句，might表示委婉语气，可能性低于may： My friend might have witnessed the accident yesterday afternoon. ③表示“祝福”，用于祈使句句首：May you be successful in your career. must ①表示“必须”:You must hand in your homework on time. ②表示“推测”，含义为“一定”，用于肯定句：They must have finished the task ahead of time. ③表示语气，“非要，偏要”：Must you listen to the bedtime story before you go to bed? shall ①表示“命令、警告、允诺等”语气，用于二、三人称的陈述句;也多用于法律条文、规定中：He shall get a mobile phone if he gets good exam results. ②表示“征求对方意见”，用以一、三人称的疑问句：Shall we go to play now? should/ought to ①表示“义务、责任”：You should look after your parents when they are old. ②表示“按常理推测”：The meeting should end at 2 o’clock. ③表示吃惊或意想不到的语气，“竟然”： He should be so careless that he made the same mistake again. will/would 1 表示“意愿”,would表示过去的意愿： When I was young, my father was strict and he wouldn’t let me out at night. ②表示“过去常常做……”: My mother would tell me bedtime stories when I was young. 2 表示属性、特征的倾向性：Oil will float on water. The door wouldn’t open. ④用于虚拟语气用法中：If I were you, I would not have forgiven her. dare ①用于实义动词：He doesn’t dare to speak in front of others. ②用于情态动词：He dare not speak in front of others. need ①用于实义动词：The door needs to be painted. ②用于情态动词：We need keep contacted with others. had better “最好”had better (not) do: You had better not make negative comments online. have to/has to had to 有时态和人称的变化“不得不”：She has to go to the dentist tomorrow. 其否定形式：don’t have to/doesn’t have to/didn’t have to“没必要……” 重难点知识梳理 1.情态动词中的固定搭配 根据句意，写出下列固定搭配的含义 (1)cannot…too+形容词或副词/形容词或副词+enough “再……也不为过” You cannot be too careful when driving a car. You cannot be careful enough when driving a car. 开车时，你再认真也不为过。 (2)cannot help but do “情不自禁做某事” When she hears her favorite song, she cannot but help dance along. 当她听到她最喜欢的歌时，她情不自禁地跟着跳舞。 (3) may/might well do “很可能……” Considering his dedication and hard work, he may/might well win the award. 考虑到他的奉献和辛勤工作，他很可能赢得这个奖项。 (4) may/might as well “不妨做……,最好做……” Since we’re already here, we may as well take a look around the museum. 既然我们已经来这里了，不妨参观一下博物馆。 2. 情态动词表推测 ①can, could可以用于否定或疑问推测，could语气弱于can。表示对过去的否定推测时，结构为can’t/couldn’t have done； ②may, might可以用于肯定或否定推测，might语气弱于may。表示对过去的肯定推测时，结构为may/might have done； 3 must仅可以用于肯定推测。表示对过去的肯定推测时，结构为must have done。 根据句意，填入合适的情态动词 She can’t have missed (miss) the bus; she left home an hour before it was scheduled to arrive. 她不可能错过公交车；她比预定到站时间早一个小时就离开了家。 The floor is wet; it must have rained (rain) last night. 地板是湿的；昨晚肯定下雨了。 The package hasn’t arrived yet; it may have been delayed (delay) in transit. 包裹还没有到，可能在运输途中延误了。 2. 情态动词表虚拟 should/ought to have done 本应做而没做 shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done 本不应该做而做了 could/might/would have done 本可以或可能做……，但实际未做 couldn’t/mightn’t/wouldn’t have done 不可能做……，但实际做了 needn’t have done 本没必要做而做了 根据句意，填入合适的情态动词 I shouldn’t have made (make) that speech without preparing more. I felt so unprofessional. 我本不应该在没有做好充分准备的情况下做那个演讲。我觉得太不专业了。 The team could have done (do) better in the match if the star player hadn’t been injured. 如果那个球星没有受伤，这个球队本可能表现更好。 You needn’t have done (do) all that extra work. The boss was already satisfied with what we had. 你没必要做所有额外的工作。老板已经满意我所做的了。 He should have apologized (apologize) to his friend earlier because his friend flew to another country. 他本应该早点儿向他朋友道歉，因为他的朋友飞往了另一个国家。 易错题盘点： 1.区分will和shall，表示“征求对方意见或建议”的用法 will/would表示征求对方意见或建议时，常用于第二人称； shall表示征求对方意见或建议时，常用于第一或第三人称。 Will you please close the window? It’s a bit chilly here. 你能关上窗户吗？这里有点冷。 Shall he close the window? It’s going to rain. 他关上窗户好吗？马上要下雨了。 2. shall用法 Shall we go to the park this afternoon? 今天下午去公园好吗？(表示提出建议) We shall meet at the train station at 9 am. 我们将在上午九点在火车站见面。(表示将来的意图或打算) All employees shall wear safety helmets on the construction site. 所有员工在施工现场必须戴安全帽。(表示命令，多用法律条文中) I shall complete this project no matter what difficulty I meet with. 不管遇到什么困难，我一定会完成这个项目。(表示决心或承诺) 真 题 演 练 1．（2023·天津·高考真题）We _________bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们不必为细节而烦恼，因为我们的队友会尽全力帮助我们。A. mustn’t禁止；B. daren’t不敢；C. needn’t不必；D. can’t不能。根据“for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us”可知，因为我们队友会全力帮助我们，所以我们不必为细节烦恼。故选C。 2．（2021·天津·高考真题）---I honestly don't think I'm going to be admitted. ---Well, you never know! You________ a better impression than you think. A．may have made B．should have made C．couldn't have made D．needn't have made 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：—老实说，我觉得我不会被录取。—唉，谁知道呢!你给人的印象可能比你想象的要好。A.may have made 可能；B.should have made本应该做；C.couldn't have made不可能做；D.needn't have made本不必做。根据句意可知，此处表示的是有可能，故选A。 3．（2021·天津·高考真题）It used to be that you ___drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere. A．need B．should C．could D．must 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：以前你可能在这里开了几英里，都没见过别人，但现在到处都是房子和人。A. need 需要；B. should 应该，理应如此； C. could 可能，表示对客观可能性的推测；D. must 一定，必须。根据前半句意思可知，表示的是对客观可能性的推测。故选C。 4．（2020·天津·高考真题）Jim says we ______ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy . A．must B．can C．need D．should 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词。句意:吉姆说我们可以住在他的房子里，只要我们保持它干净整洁。A. must必须；B. can能，可以；C. need需要；D. should应该。根据后面的“as long as we leave it clean and tidy”可知，Jim许可我们待在他的房子里，即:我们”能，可以”待在他的房子里。故选B。 5．（2020·天津·高考真题）You ____________ have scolded him for his poor performance. After all, he had done his best. A．must B．should C．mustn’t D．shouldn't 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词+ have done。句意：你本不应该因为他表现不好而责骂他。毕竟，他已经尽力了。根据前后句关系可知此处表示“本不该”是 shouldn't have done指做了本不该做的事，must have done表示对过去发生的事情的肯定性推测；should have done表示应当做某事而实际上未做；mustn’t不和have done连用。故选D。 6．（2019·天津·高考真题）The professor warned the students that on no account ________ use mobile phones in his class. A．should they B．they should C．dare they D．they dare 【答案】A 【详解】考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account意为“决不”，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，排除B、D项；这里表示应该，故选A。 7．（2019·天津·高考真题）Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week. A．need have practised B．might practise C．must have practised D．could practise 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。 8．（2019·天津·高考真题）Mary’s description of the party was so vivid that I felt as if I there. A．would be B．might have been C．would have been D．had been 【答案】D 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：玛丽对这次聚会的描述是如此生动，以至于我觉得我好像去过那里一样。根据句意及句中felt可知，此处描述的是与过去事实相反的情况，应使用过去完成时。故D选项正确。 【点睛】as if的两种用法： 1.as if从句用陈述语气，我这里说的从句用陈述语气,是相对于虚拟语气而言的。即你所表达的句子是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。 设想语境:比方说你现在屋里看不到外面的情况,却听到了雨滴声,表达如下: It sounds as if it is raining． 听起来像是在下雨。 2. as if 从句用虚拟语气，当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下： （1）如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。 （2）从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”。 （3）从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would／could／might＋动词原形”。 9．（2018·天津·高考真题）—What’s wrong with the door? —The key has got stuck in it and ______ come out. A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．won’t 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：---门怎么了?---钥匙卡在里面出不来了。A. shouldn’t不应该；B. mustn’t禁止；C. needn’t    不需要；D. won’t不会。won’t表示拒绝时，其主语有时可以是“物”。故选D项。 10．（2018·天津·高考真题）Jane wishes that she ______ foreign trade instead of literature when she was in college. A．studied B．had studied C．would study D．might have studied 【答案】B 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：Jane真希望她在大学时学的是外贸而不是文学。wish后接宾语从句，从句用虚拟语气，若表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用过去完成时或would / could+have +过去分词。由“when she was in college”可知，本句表与过去事实相反的假设，所以从句为过去完成时。故选B项。 模 拟 试 题 1．（2024·天津河北·二模）I’ve adjusted the controls several times, but the heater ______ reach the set temperature. A．mustn’t B．shouldn’t C．needn’t D．won’t 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：我已经调整了几次控制，但加热器就是达不到设定的温度。A. mustn’t禁止、不可；B. shouldn’t不应该；C. needn’t没必要；D. won’t不会。根据句意及空格后的reach可知，此处是指加热器“不会”达到设定温度。故选D项。 2．（2024·天津南开·二模）They queued (排队) for two hours for nothing. They _________ have been told the tickets were sold out. A．would B．may C．must D．should 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：他们白白排队两个小时。他们本应该被告知票已经卖完了。A. would将会；B. may可能；C. must必须；D. should应该。根据空后have been told the tickets were sold out以及常识可知，他们本应该被告知票已经卖完了，这样他们就不需要白白排队两个小时，空处应用should，should have done结构表示“本应该做某事却没做”，符合题意。故选D项。 3．（2024·天津·二模）—Could you give me a ride to the airport? I’m going to be late. — Come with me. I’ll take the nearest route and you ______ be in time for your flight. A．shall B．need C．dare D．have to 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：——你能送我去机场吗？我要迟到了。——跟我来。我会走最近的路线，你应该能赶上你的航班。A. shall应该；B. need需要；C. dare敢；D. have to必须。根据句意，此处表示说话人对将来的一种推测或者预测，用shall。故选A。 4．（2024·天津和平·二模）—Jimmy, how did your final exam go? —I thought I_______, but the result was not so bad. A．might have failed B．shall have failed C．should have failed D．must have failed 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：——吉米，你期末考试怎么样？——我想我可能会失败，但结果并不是那么糟糕。A. might have failed可能会失败；B. shall have failed将会失败；C. should have failed应该会失败；D. must have failed肯定失败了。根据but the result was not so bad可知，作者本以为自己可能会失败，但是结果还可以。故选A。 5．（2024·天津河西·二模）I______ before I came to the new company, for my colleagues here are very friendly and helpful to me. A．couldn’t worry B．couldn’t have worried C．needn’t worry D．needn’t have worried 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：在我来到新公司之前，我本不必担心，因为这里的同事对我非常友好和乐于助人。根据下文“for my colleagues here are very friendly and helpful to me”可知，我本不必担心到新公司的事情，因为这里的同事对我非常友好和乐于助人，但实际上是担心了。needn’t have done意为“本不必做某事，但实际上做了”，符合本题语境；couldn’t have done意为“不可能做了某事”，表示对过去的一种推测。couldn’t do sth. 意为“不能做某事”，needn’t do sth.意为“不需要做某事”，均不符合语境。故选D。 6．（2024·天津河东·二模）—I think I saw John in the library yesterday. —You ________ him; he is still on business. A．can’t have seen B．needn’t see C．mightn’t see D．mustn’t have seen 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：——我想我昨天在图书馆看到约翰了。——你不可能看到他；他还在出差。根据上下句句意可知，此处为对过去的推测，故需用“情态动词+have done”结构，故排除B、C项。must have done没有否定形式，表示对过去事实或状态的否定推测时用can’t/couldn’t have done。故选A项。 7．（2024·天津·二模）The cake __________ have been carefully baked for hours based on its delicious taste. A．must B．need C．should D．would 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词+完成式的辨析。句意：这蛋糕一定是经过精心烘烤了好几个小时才做出的美味。A. must一定；B. need需要；C. should应该，表示本该做却没有做；D. would将会，本来会做，表示对过去事情的假设。根据后文based on its delicious taste可知，此处表达对过去发生的事情做出的肯定推测，用must have done。故选A。 8．（2024·天津·一模）Jason is telling kids something interesting in the living room. He ______ have had a brilliant journey in Beijing. A．must B．should C．could D．would 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：杰森正在客厅给孩子们讲一些有趣的事情。他在北京的旅行一定很愉快。根据上下句句意可知，此处为情态动词must+ have done表示“对过去事情的肯定推测”，此处表示“他在北京的旅行一定很愉快”，满足句意要求。故选A项。 9．（2024·天津·二模）—Sorry, Tony. I’m too busy to attend the meeting this Saturday. —Well, you ________ attend it if you truly can’t spare the time. A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——对不起，托尼。我太忙了，不能参加这个星期六的会议。——嗯，如果你真的抽不出时间，你就不必参加了。A. shouldn’t不应该；B. needn’t不必；C. can’t不能； D. mustn’t禁止，不允许。根据“if you truly can’t spare the time.”可知，抽不出时间就不必参加星期六的会议了。故选B。 10．（2024·天津和平·三模）My laptop ______ be old, but it still works really well. A．can B．could C．may D．would 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我的笔记本电脑或许旧了，但它仍然工作得很好。A.can能够；B.could能够；C.may或许；D.would将。根据下文but it still works really well，此处表示事实上的可能性，用may ，can表示逻辑上的可能性。故选C。 11．（2024·天津·二模）I love spring because I______ endure the cold of winter or avoid the burning sun of summer in spring. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：我喜欢春天，因为在春天我不必忍受冬天的寒冷或避开夏天的烈日。A. mustn’t禁止；B. needn’t不必；C. can’t不能；D. shouldn’t不应该。根据句意，春天是一个温和的季节，不需要避免极端的冷或热，needn’t符合题意，故选B项。 12．（2024·天津滨海新·三模）The first attempt at making a lantern proved more challenging than the boy ever ______ have imagined. A．could B．must C．needn’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词的固定用法。句意：男孩发现，制作灯笼的第一次尝试比他想象的更具挑战性。分析句子可知，这个题考查的是could have done的固定结构，表示对过去的一种可能性猜测。这个男孩是在过去想象灯笼是否好做，could have imagined便是这个意思，故选A项。 13．（2024·天津北辰·三模）The high school student answered all the questions properly. In my view, he ______ have read many books. A．must B．should C．need D．could 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这个高中生把所有的问题都答得很好。在我看来，他一定读了很多书。must have done必定做了……(表示对过去的推测)，should have done原本该做但是没做，need have done本需要做某事却没有做，could have done本能做某事却没有做，结合“The high school student answered all the questions properly.”可知，此处指我认为这个高中生过去一定读了很多书。故选A项。 14．（2024·天津·二模）The HR director announced, “Candidates _______ remain in your seats until all the papers have been collected.” A．can B．shall C．would D．need 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：人力资源总监宣布：“候选人应留在座位上，直到所有试卷都收集完毕。”A. can 能够，可能；B. shall必须，应该；C. would将，会；D. need需要。根据句意可知，此处表示规定，应用情态动词shall，表示规定、警告、命令。故选B。 15．（2024·天津南开·一模）I know he was wrong, but I ________ tell him because he never listens. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．oughtn’t 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我知道他错了，但我不必告诉他，因为他从来不听。A. mustn’t禁止，不许；B. daren’t不敢；C. needn’t不必；D. oughtn’t不应该。结合because he never listens可知，空格处应表达“不必”，故用 needn’t。故选C。 16．（2024·天津·一模）Whenever I visited my grandmother’s house, I ______ rush to the kitchen for the stinky tofu with excitement. A．shall B．would C．must D．may 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：从那时起，每当我去奶奶家，我都会兴奋地冲进厨房吃臭豆腐。A. shall将要，用于一般将来时；B. would将会；C. must必须；D. may可能。根据上文“Whenever I visited my grandmother’s house”可知，此处主句为过去将来时，为would+动词原形。故选B。 17．（2024·天津·一模）Look, double yellow lines! You park here. A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．daren’t 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：看，双黄线！你禁止在这里停车。A. wouldn’t不会；B. mustn’t禁止；C. needn’t不需要；D. daren’t不敢。由“double yellow lines”可知，句子表示“你禁止在这里停车”，空格处表示“禁止”，故选B。 18．（2024·天津河东·一模）I ______ you about your mistakes, but I didn’t think you would listen to me. A．could have told B．must have told C．should tell D．might tell 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词 。句意：我本可以告诉你你的错误，但我认为你不会听我的。A. could have done本可以做某事而没有做；B. must have done一定做过某事；C. should do应该做某事；D. might do可能做某事。根据“but I didn’t think you would listen to me.”可知，本可以告诉你你的错误。故选A。 19．（2024·天津河北·一模）—The test is very important to us. Do you think so? —Yes, so we ________ be too careful during the test. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——考试对我们来说非常重要。你认为是吗?——是的，所以我们在考试时再认真都不为过。A.must't禁止；B.daren't不敢； C.neednt不必；D.can't不能。分析结构可知这向话使用“can't be too+形容词”的句型，意为“再……都不为过”。故选D。 20．（2024·天津和平·一模）People liked O. Henry’s stories, because simple as the tales were, they ______ finish with a sudden change at the end, to the readers’ surprise. A．could B．would C．might D．must 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：人们喜欢欧·亨利的故事，因为这些故事虽然简单，但往往会在结尾突然发生变化，让读者感到惊讶。A. could可能；B. would常常；C. might也许；D. must必须。此处表示过去的习惯，“would + 动词原形”表示过去常常做某事。故选B。 21．（2023·天津河北·二模）During our trip to the Great Wall last week, I couldn’t help but think it________have been a huge project to build it in ancient times. A．should B．must C．would D．need 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：上周我们去长城的时候，我不禁想，在古代修建长城一定是一项浩大的工程。A. should应该；B. must必须；C. would将；D. need需要。must have done“一定做过某事”表示对过去的事情的肯定性推测。根据“to build it in ancient times.”可知，古代建长城一定是一项浩大的工程。故选B。 22．（2023·天津·二模）—Congratulations! You ________ great efforts for the English speech contest. —Thanks. I do appreciate my teacher’s guidance. A．must have made B．should have made C．could make D．would make 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——祝贺你!你一定为这次英语演讲比赛下了很大的功夫。——谢谢。我很感激老师的指导。A. must have done一定已经做了；B. should have done本应做；C. could do能做；D. would do会做。根据句意可知，演讲很成功，说话人向演讲者表达祝贺，说话人推测演讲者在此之前一定为这次比赛下了很大的功夫；对过去情况的肯定推测用must have done结构，意为“一定做了……”。故选A项。 23．（2023·天津·一模）Zhang Guimei, a famous moral model, ________ a better life, but caring for neither, she devoted herself to changing the fates of children in the mountains. A．could have enjoyed B．may enjoy C．must have enjoyed D．can enjoy 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：张桂梅，一位著名的道德模范，本可以享受更好的生活，但两者她都不关心，她致力于改变山区儿童的命运。根据情态动词的用法，表示“原本……”含义的情态动词结构为：could have + 过去分词，A项“could have enjoyed(本能够享受)”与句子表达的含义一致，故选A项。 24．（2023·天津·一模）It’s eleven o’clock already. ______ you watch the movie at such a late hour? A．Can B．Must C．May D．Shall 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：已经11点了。这么晚了，你一定要看电影吗？A. Can能，可以；B. Must必须，一定，偏要；C. May可以，可能；D. Shall(表示说话人的允诺、命令、决心等，用于陈述句的第二、三人称)必须，应，可。情态动词must可以表示坚持或固执，表达“偏要，偏偏”符合语境。故选B项。 25．（2023·天津滨海新·一模）—The computer start. What’s the matter with it? —Let me look. Well, the power was cut off just now. A．shan’t B．needn’t C．won’t D．mustn’t 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——计算机无法启动。它怎么了？——让我看看。嗯，刚才停电了。A. shan’t不应该；B. needn’t不需要；C. won’t不会；D. mustn’t禁止。根据句意，此处指“计算机无法启动”，应用情态动词will，表示事物的倾向、特征和趋势。故选C。 26．（2023·天津和平·一模）You________so slowly. I just needed a few seconds to get used to your voice. A．shouldn’t speak B．couldn’t have spoken C．don’t have to D．needn’t have spoken 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：你没有必要说得那么慢。我只需要几秒钟就能习惯你的声音。A. shouldn’t speak不应该说；B. couldn’t have spoken不能说；C. don’t have to不必；D. needn’t have spoken没有必要说。结合语意，我只需要很短的时间就能习惯你的声音，所以你没有必要说得那么慢。故选D项。 27．（2022·天津南开·一模）With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles ________become weak. A．should B．must C．can D．need 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：由于没有重力的推动，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉可能会变得脆弱。A. should应该；B. must必须，一定；C. can能，可能（表可能性）；D. need需要。由“With no gravity to push against, astronauts’ bones and muscles”和“become weak”可知，句子表示“由于没有重力的推动，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉可能会变得脆弱”，空格处表示“可能会”，应用can表推测，故选C。 28．（2022·天津河西·三模）Although the climate in our city is good, yet the temperature ________ fall to 14 centigrade below freezing point in winter. A．should B．shall C．can D．may 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：虽然我们城市的气候很好，但是冬天的温度有时可以降到冰点以下14摄氏度。A.should应该；B.shall将要，将会；C.can有时会；D.may也许。根据“Although the climate in our city is good”和“fall to 14 centigrade below freezing point in winter”可知，此处是指冬天时温度有时会降到冰点以下14摄氏度。故选C。 29．（2022·天津南开·三模）________ you make so much noise, Jimmy? Your little sister is still sleeping. A．Can’t B．Must C．May D．Won’t 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：Jimmy你非要弄出这么多噪音吗？你妹妹还在睡觉。A. Can’t不能，不可能；B. Must必须，非要，偏要，一定；C. May可以，可能；D. Won’t不会。结合语境，此处表示指责，用must“偏要，非要”符合。故选B。 30．（2022·天津南开·二模）Using supercomputer, many labs are now conducting experiments that ________ possible in the past. A．would have been B．might have been C．shouldn’t have been D．couldn’t have been 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词+have done表推测。句意：许多实验室现在使用超级计算机进行试验，这在几年前是不可能的。A.would have been本来会（却没）；B.might have been过去可能已经；C.shouldn’t have been本不应该；D. couldn’t have been（本不可能）。根据时间状语in the past可知，此处表示“过去不可能”，应该用couldn’t have done，故选D项。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$