专题03：阅读理解说明文20篇（广州专用）-2024-2025学年八年级上学期英语期末复习高分秘籍及真题专练（沪教牛津版）

专题03：阅读理解说明文20篇（广州专用） 【题型特点】 阅读理解主要考查考生通过阅读短文而获取一定信息的能力。试题考查的文体多为记叙文、说明文、应用文等,考查内容比较广泛。不仅如此,阅读理解的文章在体裁方面也越来越多样化,广告、图表等应用文是近年来试题的新体裁；在内容方面,也更加体现了时代性和可读性,题材包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等方面。题型考察主要有：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题（代词指示题）、主旨大意题。 【解题技巧】 1.细节理解题：直接在文章中找出原句或根据题干从文章中找到相关的句子，用同义词、同义句和近义词、近义句进行转换，推断出最恰当的答案。 2.推理判断题：根据文章具体的事实细节、句子间的关系、文章的逻辑结构去分析和推理，从而达到理解、推断的目的。 3.词义猜测题：利用上下文对词、词组以及句子的理解能力，常用的方法包括因果逻辑法、定义释义法、描述举例法、构词法和常识法。 4.主旨大意题和标题归纳题：在理解全文的基础上对文章进行归纳、概括或评价，找出贯穿全文的主线索，正确归纳文章的中心思想。 【答题步骤】 1.（审题）先看问题，再读文章：仔细阅读题目，明确问题要求和答题方向。带着问题阅读短文，确定主攻方向，特别要注意首尾段和首尾句，把握文章的主题。 2.（定位和比对）细读全文，认真分析与问题有关的词汇、句子或段落： 使用题干中的关键词来定位原文中的具体句子或段落。 对比题目要求和原文内容，找出差异。这一步骤对于排除错误选项至关重要。 对于需要推断的题目，如词义猜测或作者意图推断，根据上下文和文章的逻辑关系进行推断。 注意干扰项。干扰项可能包括范围过大、偷换概念、正误并存等。仔细分析这些选项，可以帮助你更准确地找到正确答案。 3.（复核）复读全文，验证答案：在选出全部答案后，应将答案带入问题中重读全文，确保答案的正确性和逻辑性。 【期末真题与模拟预测】 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）What do you think is the most important invention in the last 1,000 years? Many people say that it’s the printing press (印刷机) that allows us to print copies or books.Why is the printing press so important in human history? Before the printing press was invented, books were copied by hand. An ancient Roman book trader sometimes sold as many as 5,000 copies of a book that had been copied by slaves (奴隶), copying a book took so much time and was so expensive. As a result, usually only a small part of the people learned to read and owned books. In 1450, Johannes Gutenberg from Germany invented the modern printing press. The effect of his machine is sometimes compared to the invention of the Internet. Gutenberg’s printing press was easy to use with languages such as English that had alphabetic (字母的) words. After 1450, thousands of copies of a popular book or newspaper could be made quickly and cheaply. Books and newspapers with ideas and images from all over the world went into the market for the wide public. Reading has brought about amazing changes in science and technology. We’ve learned how to create wealth (财富) and even travel to far places. Computers, mobile phones, because millions of readers were created by the printing press. Since 1450, more and more people have become readers. These readers help the world to make progress at a fast speed. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By showing opinions. C．By asking some questions. D．By giving many numbers. 2．What can we infer from Paragraph 2? A．As early as ancient Rome,many people learned to read. B．People in ancient Rome were interested in copying books. C．The printing press is the most useful invention in the world. D．The invention of the printing press is necessary and important. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．The printing press was cheap for all the people in the past. B．The slaves came up with the idea of the printing press. C．The printing press taught people how to create wealth. D．Gutenberg’s invention played an important role in human history. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How the printing press changed the world. B．When the first modern printing press was invented. C．What the first modern printing press looked like. D．Why reading books is more and more popular around the world. Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）If you are looking for something to kill your time, TikTok is just the app. TikTok is a social media platform (社交媒体平台). There you can watch, share and create short videos. These videos can be about almost everything, from personal lives to the latest news. In February 2021, TikTok has around 1.1 billion users worldwide. Almost 60% of the users are between the ages of 16 and 24. Then, why is it so popular among young people? Firstly, most videos on TikTok last only 15 seconds. Sometimes it seems a15-second video can make you happier than a one-hour TV show. It is relaxing for people who look for fun for a few minutes after busy days. The algorithm (算法) of the app is another reason. Whenever you open the app, the first page you see is the “For You” page. By using algorithm, TikTok can know your interest and provide videos you may like on the “For You” page. If you “heart” the videos you love, similar ones will keep showing up. TikTok also encourages everyone to become a creator. Creators can make videos in any way they want. If they want their videos to appear on the “For You” page of many other users, they should make them attractive. That encourages video creators to keep producing more. As TikTok has grown, more and more young people become addicted to short videos. You may find yourself spending an hour or two on hundreds of short videos without realizing it. Maybe you just plan to relax a while before finishing your work but end up doing nothing except for scrolling down the screen the whole afternoon. 1．What can we know about TikTok? A．TikTok offers any news you want. B．TikTok helps people make good friends. C．TikTok attracts many young people. D．TikTok helps people make everything. 2．How many reasons for the success of TikTok are mentioned in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 mean? A．Young people use TikTok too much. B．Young people are good at using TikTok. C．TikTok helps young people make videos. D．TikTok helps more young people grow up. 4．What does the writer probably agree with? A．Young people should learn to use TikTok. B．Using TikTok makes young people famous. C．Using TikTok has both good and bad effects. D．Using TikTok is harmful to people’s health. Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）THE PLANT WORLD There are more than 400,000 kinds of plants on Earth. Some plants are as big as tall buildings; others are as small as rice. Plants are key parts of the food circle. They play an important part in the nature because they give out oxygen—the gas that all animals need for breathing. What is a plant? Most people have no difficulty finding the differences between an animal and a plant. That is because animals can move around, but plants can’t. What makes a plant a plant? Like animals, plants are living things that are made up of lots of cells (细胞). Unlike animals, plants make their own food by photosynthesis (光合作用). Most plants have roots, stems, and leaves, and most plants reproduce by growing flowers and making seeds. All plants need energy to stay alive and grow, and they get it from sunlight instead of food. How does a plant grow? Most animals grow in a certain way, and genes control their growth. That is to say, even when they are small, it’s easy to know what they will look like after they grow up. Plants are different. Their growth is controlled by genes too, but their final shape also depends on where they live. For example, a tree can be big and round if it grows up in an open space, but much taller and thinner if it grows in the woods with other trees all around. Plants are unable to move from one environment to another, so it is important that they are able to get used to the environment. 1．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1? A．Number of plants. B．Different sizes of plants. C．Importance of plants. D．Parts of plants. 2．What method does the author use to describe the plants in paragraph 2? A．By comparing. B．By giving examples. C．By giving numbers. D．By telling stories. 3．What can we know about plants from the passage? A．Flower and seed are the most important parts of a plant. B．Plants and animals grow in the same way. C．Only environment controls the plants’ growth. D．It’s important for the plants to get used to the environment. 4．Where can we most probably read the passage? A．In an advertisement. B．In a story book. C．In an encyclopaedia. D．In a poster. Passage 4 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）Doing housework is a key part of family life. It helps improve the relationship among family members. However, lots of Chinese parents are unaware of the importance of doing housework and they think it is a waste of time. In order to know how often middle school students do housework at home, we did a survey among 1,200 students from Grade 7 to Grade 9 in a middle school. The following bar chart shows the result of our survey. From the bar chart, we find that only a small number of students usually do housework. Nearly half of the students in Grade 9 never do housework. The result makes us worried. After all, doing housework is good for students. It can teach students many important skills, like planning, timing, solving problems and so on. Doing housework can also teach students what responsibility is. Everyone should do something for the family. What’s more, doing housework can help students relax themselves and keep a balance between study and life. Therefore, we suggest that parents should encourage their children to do housework. They must learn one or two life skills every year so that they can be better prepared for an independent life in the future. 1．What can we learn from the bar chart? A．Students in all grades actively take part in housework. B．Over half of the students in Grade 8 never do housework. C．Students in Grade 7 do housework more often than students in Grade 9. D．The result of Grade 9 students is the least worrying among all grades. 2．Which is NOT an advantage of doing housework? A．Relaxing a busy mind. B．Saving more time for study. C．Practising planning and timing skills. D．Learning to be independent from parents. 3．What does the underlined word “responsibility” probably mean in paragraph 4? A．Skill. B．Ability. C．Duty. D．Method. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To show the result of a recent survey. B．To teach students how to do housework. C．To remind parents the importance of doing housework. D．To point out a worrying problem for teachers in school. Passage 5 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）One plus one equals two. There are 60 seconds in one minute. Sixty minutes equals one hour. There are 24 hours in one day. One year includes 365 days. These are all basic facts that we know by heart. But have you ever stopped to think how numbers came into being and how they developed? It’s safe to say that our society would have never developed without numbers. However, the development of numbers is still a puzzle to us. That’s because when ancient people developed simple ways of counting, they didn’t leave any records behind. It’s not difficult to guess that numbers and counting began with the number “1”, though ancient people probably didn’t call it “one.” They likely counted by ones and recorded by carving lines on a bone. The earliest evidence of this is the Ishango Bone (伊尚戈骨), which was found in 1960 in Africa. The bone is believed to be more than 20,000 years old. It has many lines on it. The lines look like what we would call “tally marks” today. Scientists think those lines show how ancient people used numbers. 1．According to the article, we still don’t know ________. A．the basic facts of numbers B．where numbers come from C．how to count with numbers D．the importance of numbers 2．Why is the development of numbers a puzzle? A．Because people today are not smart enough to find it out. B．Because people today can’t find any records of ancient ways of counting. C．Because ancient people forgot to leave any records of their ways of counting. D．Because ancient people didn’t record their ways of counting at all. 3．Where was the Ishango Bone found? A．In China. B．In Africa. C．In Egypt. D．In India. 4．Which picture best stands for the phrase “tally marks” mentioned in the last paragraph? A． B．     C． D． 5．Which of the following statements is true according to the article? A．The Inshango Bone was found 20,000 years ago. B．There are many numbers on the Inshango Bone. C．Numbers are important to a society’s development. D．Ancient people carved lines on the stones as a way of counting. Passage 6 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）Ants are social insects. They live together in groups. There are more than 10,000 different kinds of ants. Ants are found almost everywhere in the world. Appearance The body of an ant has three parts: the head, the thorax, and the abdomen. The mouth is important for most ants. It is used for fighting, eating, carrying food and other materials. On the top of the head there are two antennae. Ants use them to smell, communicate, and look for directions. Life Cycle There are four stages in the life cycle of the ant. The larvae have no eyes or legs. After the larvae come out of the eggs, they drop their skin several times. Most of them spin a silken cocoon (茧) around their bodies. Then they rest inside and grow into pupae. When a pupa is ready to come out of its cocoon, other ants bite a hole at the end of the silken cocoon and help the weak little ant leave the cocoon. Then they wash and feed it. Most ants live for 6 to 10 weeks. Behavior Most ants live in nests made of many different materials, including sand, wood, and leaves. In each nest there is usually a queen, workers, and soldiers. The queen only spends her life producing eggs. The workers collect food, clean the nest, and care for eggs. Soldiers protect the nests. Ants have different ways of protecting themselves. Some attack their enemies with their mouths. Others run away when facing enemies, “play dead,” or send special sounds to tell others there is danger. 1．What can an ant do with its mouth? A．Smell and get food. B．Fight and carry materials. C．Communicate and look for directions. D．Eat and find the way. 2．Which of the following shows the growth of ants? A．egg—larva—pupa—ant B．egg—pupa—larva—ant C．larva—egg—pupa—ant D．pupa—larva—egg—ant 3．What can we know about ants from their behavior? A．Ants prefer living in nests made of sand. B．There are three ants in each nest. C．The queen produces eggs and looks after them. D．Ants know how to keep safe by themselves. 4．What is the purpose (目的) of this article? A．To show the importance of ants. B．To ask people to protect ants. C．To introduce some facts about ants. D．To compare different kinds of ants. Passage 7 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末） What do you do when you need to look something up? Go to the library? Open an encyclopedia? Click on to the internet? These days, most people go straight to Wikipedia, the online encyclopedia. But how reliable (可靠) is it? There’s no denying the popularity and usefulness of Wikipedia. It attracts 78 million visitors every month, and the site is available (可用的) in more than 270 different languages. It’s one of the most comprehensive (综合的) resources available, and it’s got much more information than an ordinary encyclopedia. The site is updated on a daily basis by thousands of people around the world. Anyone with an internet connection can log on and edit the contents or add a new page. And you don’t need any formal training. Of course, there are some controls. Wikipedia has a team of more than 1,500 administrators (管理员) who check for false information. But with more than 16 million articles to keep an eye on, it isn’t easy. So, while Wikipedia benefits from being constantly updated with information from all over the world, it’s also open to “vandals” (故意破坏公物的人). Some of the damage is easy to notice. One prankster (恶作剧者) drew devil horns and a moustache on Microsoft chairman Bill Gate’s photo, while another edited Greek philosopher Plato’s biography to say he was a “Hawaiian weather man”. But other things are harder to spot. The most common form of vandalism involves adding tiny items of false information into the biography of a famous person. Some of this misinformation has even appeared in newspapers, with The Daily Mail, The Guardian and The Independent all having fallen victim (牺牲者) to the pranks. For example, in an introduction for British comedian Sir Norman Wisdom, one newspaper claimed that he co-wrote Dame Vera Lynn’s wartime hit “There’ll be Bluebirds over the White Cliffs of Dover”. He did no such thing. And in another article, it was reported that TV theme tune composer Ronnie Hazlehurst had written the song “Reach”. Once again, not true. So, if you’re going to use any information from Wikipedia, make sure you double-check it first. 1．If you want to look something up on Wikipedia, you will find ________. A．it is only available in English B．it has little useful information C．you can only get the information online D．you need to go to a library to use it 2．According to the article, what is NOT an advantage enjoyed by Wikipedia over that of an ordinary encyclopedia? A．It is available online in many different languages. B．It may contain more false information than an ordinary encyclopedia. C．It has a team of administrators to check for false information. D．It’s content can be updated every day. 3．The examples of the pranks are cited (引用) to ________. A．let you know that false information is inevitable on the site B．urge Wikipedia to set stricter controls over its contents C．criticize the right that the public has to edit the contents on the site D．demonstrate the downsides of public editing allowed by Wikipedia 4．It can be learned from the article that ________. A．pranksters aren’t likely to edit the information about famous people B．some mainstream newspapers also refer to the false information from Wikipedia C．the public is not allowed by Wikipedia to edit the information about famous people D．the Wikipedia administrators don’t work hard enough to check for false information on the site 5．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．We should not use Wikipedia. B．The information from Wikipedia is not reliable. C．We should not trust the information from Wikipedia. D．We should make sure the information from Wikipedia is correct before deciding to use it. Passage 8 （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期末）A study in September has added excitement in the brain science area. In the study, volunteers had electrical stimulation (刺激) in their brains. The study found their memory and problem-solving abilities got better for at least a month. The stimulation was painless and could lead to future treatments (治疗) for memory. It can even help students with their future exams. Volunteers in the study did better in both remembering words and working out memory-based problems. In the test, they wore a cap and it was connected to electrical currents (电流). Wearing the cap twenty minutes a day was enough to help people remember words better. The volunteers could retell more words a month later. Working memory is connected to problem-solving and decision-making abilities. Low frequency (频率) stimulation of the brain can help boost working memory. For example, volunteers also did better in taking notes after the stimulation. The brain training industries are worth millions of dollars. Players are interested in improving their abilities by doing memory exercises. The future is wide open if it is tested to be successful and safe in treatments. 1．According to Paragraph 2, who is likely to take the electrical shocks? A．A man who wants to remember everything. B．A boy who wants to get higher marks. C．A woman who loves wearing caps. D．A girl who can solve problems quickly. 2．What did the volunteers do in the tests? A．They remembered the number of the words. B．They needed to retell the words after a month. C．They got 30 minutes of electrical stimulation a day. D．They wore a cap that can help them with their exams. 3．What does the underlined word “boost” mean in the passage? A．make ... weaker B．make ... worse C．make ... harder D．make ... better 4．What can we infer (推断) from the last two paragraphs? A．The future of electrical stimulation is quite bright. B．Lots of players show interest in brain training industries. C．Low frequency stimulation didn’t work on the volunteers. D．The volunteers tested their working memory by taking notes. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Working memory gets better when wearing caps. B．Brain training industries spent millions of dollars. C．The electrical stimulation helps people in memory. D．All Students want electrical stimulation for exams. Passage 9 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）As a way of passing on knowledge, ideas and creativity, books have played an important part in human civilization (文明) . In ancient times, there were no books, and people passed on their knowledge by telling stories. The earliest forms of the book were made in Egypt around 3,000 BC． These early scrolls (卷轴), made from animal skins, were used to record stories, laws and history. Later, people learned how to write and make paper. They wrote each word by hand. It took a long time to write just one book, making them rare and expensive. In the 15th century, the invention of the printing press appeared and changed the book-making business and even the world. This made it possible to print books quickly. Even common people could buy and read books. In the 20th century, computers and the Internet changed the world again. A new kind of book appeared: the electronic book (e-book). E-books have opened up a new world for books. They are quickly changing people’s reading habits. It is easier for people to buy and sell books online and carry the whole library in their pockets. Therefore, information travels faster and farther. In a word, the history of the book shows the development of human civilization. From ancient scrolls to e-books, the book has changed to meet the needs of humans. In the future, it is possible that books will continue to change. Now, people have many ways to read books. But, more importantly, people should keep on reading! 1．Before books appeared, how did people pass on their knowledge? A．By dancing. B．By singing. C．Through storytelling. D．Through scrolls. 2．Why were books expensive in the early days of paper invention? A．Because books were made from expensive animal skins. B．Because writing one book by hand needed a lot of time. C．Because the paper was expensive at the beginning. D．Because people were busy inventing the printing press. 3．What change have e-books brought to humans according to the passage? A．People can read books conveniently anytime for their small sizes. B．E-books have made it difficult to buy and sell paper books online. C．People’s reading habits have become faster but less enjoyable. D．E-books cannot provide the same reading experience as paper books. 4．What does the writer mainly want to tell us in the last paragraph? A．Books show the development of human civilization. B．People will have many different ways to read books. C．Books will continue to change to meet the needs of humans. D．People should keep reading even if books keep changing. Passage 10 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）Smartphone and computer are two important inventions in our daily life. They help us in many ways, but they may also lead to health problems. Looking at the screen of your smartphone or computer for too long can make your eyes dry. It is not good for your eyesight. To help your eyes stay healthy, you can follow the “20-20-20” rule - - after 20 minutes’ use of eyes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds. Besides our eyes, other parts of our body could also become worse because of using smartphones. When we write a lot of text messages, we can develop “texting thumbs”. It will stop us from holding things well. So we have to exercise our fingers and thumbs from time to time. Scientists also found that smartphones could also hurt our mind. One of the biggest problems is that using smartphones can influence the way we sleep. Doctors say the screen light stops us from feeling sleepy. So they advise people not to use smartphones for at least one hour before sleeping. Mental problem also needs our attention. Another serious danger caused by staring at screens is Internet addiction (上瘾). Many people turn to the Internet to keep themselves away from feeling nervous, sad or lonely. Over time, they may start to depend on the Internet and feel worried if they're not online. One way to stop these people from falling into trouble like this is to control the time they spend on the Internet. To use your smartphone or computer safely, make sure you follow the above advice. Also, remember that there is more to enjoy in life than just looking at an electronic screen. 1．What does the first “20” in the “20-20-20” rule in paragraph 2 mean? A．How long you use your eyes. B．How often you take a break. C．How far you look at things from you. D．How many things you need to do at the break. 2．How many health problems are mentioned in the passage? A．Six. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．What does the writer advise us to do if we don’t want to have Internet addiction? A．Stay away from bad feelings. B．Control time of use. C．Use in a safe place. D．Stop using the Internet. 4．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 11 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）How many people are there in China? What’s the average age of Chinese people? How many children does a typical Chinese family have? To answer these questions, China made its seventh national census (人口普查) in 2020. China makes the national census every 10 years. The government (政府) can use the data to make policies. For example, if the number of children goes up, the government will build more schools. Let’s take a look. More people Now there are about 1.41 billion people in the Chinese mainland. The population has grown a lot during the last 10 years. The average age in China is 38. 8. China’s population is still young and strong. There are more children aged 0—14 than there were 10 years ago. Many of them are the second child in their family. There are more old people, too. We need to offer them better services so they can live happier and healthier lives. Smaller families A typical Chinese family has 2.62 people. Ten years ago, the number was 3.10. It means our families are getting smaller. In the past, a Chinese family often had three generations (三代人)—grandparents, there are more nuclear families. That’s just two parents and their children. Foreigners in China During the last 10 years, more foreigners came to China. Most of them have lived in China for more than five years. They are working and studying here. 1．How did the writer start the passage? A．By giving facts. B．By telling stories. C．By listing numbers. D．By asking questions. 2．What will the government do if the number of children goes up? A．Do more censuses. B．Provide easier jobs. C．Build more schools. D．Make fewer policies. 3．What does “nuclear families” mean according to this passage? A．Parents living with their children. B．Children living without parents. C．Children living with grandparents. D．Children living with parents and grandparents. 4．What can we learn from the results of the seventh national census? A．There are fewer Chinese people now. B．More foreigners leave China these years. C．Children don’t like living with grandparents. D．There are more children aged 0—14 than before. 5．Why did the writer write the passage? ________ A．To share the results of the census. B．To provide services for old people. C．To introduce how to collect information. D．To explain why the government did the census. Passage 12 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）When you use a computer, how do you get your cursor (光标) to go where you want it to go? “By using a mouse,” most people would say. But, back in the early days of computing, there were no mice. The user could only use the keyboard to get things done. The world’s first computer mouse appeared in 1964. It was created by Douglas Engelbart, a scientist in California. The mouse looked like a wooden box with two metal (金属) wheels on the front and the left side and a single button on the top, Engelbart called it the “Bug”. But the long cable on the back made it look more like a “Mouse”, and the nickname quickly became popular and well known among users. Engelbart’s mouse looked simple, but it changed the way people used computers. The first improvement came eight years later, in 1972. Bill English, an American computer engineer, changed the wheels into a ball at the bottom of the mouse. The “Ball Mouse” was easier to use. It was such a success that it could be found in almost every office in the 1980s and 1990s. This product also had its problems, though. For example, dirt and dust would collect and jam the mouse over time, making it difficult to use. The next big change came in 1980. The optical mouse didn’t need the ball. But because it was more expensive, people didn’t widely use it until the early 2000s. The mouse has come a long way since Engelbart’s “Bug”. Thousands of scientists have tried their best to make more user-friendly mice. And now you may be thinking about how to make the computer mouse even better. What will mice look like in the future? 1．What can we know about the first mouse? A．It was only made of wood. B．It was important in computer using. C．Its name the “Bug” became famous. D．It was called “Mouse” by the inventor. 2．Which may be the mouse in Paragraph 3? A． B． C． D． 3．What does the underlined word “jam” mean in Paragraph 3? A．To let ... full of people. B．To push ... somewhere. C．To make ... unable to work. D．To get ... out of trouble. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The success of the mouse. B．The inventor of the mouse. C．The importance of the mouse. D．The development of the mouse. Passage 13 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）Dog-E is not the most amazing robot dog, but it gives each owner a pet dog different from all other robot pets. Before you turn on Dog-E, the instructions will show you how to build your robot dog with an app. It plays an important part in understanding what kind of robot dog you have. It asks you to give your robot dog a name, and then asks you about its ear color, eye shape and color The app can also tell you about your Dog-E’s personality. My Dog-E is full of energy, lively and sweet. The app tells the robot dog’s date of birth, and introduces what each tail color means (green is happy, red is not). With the app you can take part in activities and games with Dog-E. For example, the app lights up areas on Dog-E. You should touch Dog-E, and you have to touch each area in time to win. The app also allows you to type in messages that can appear when Dog-E moves its tail. I drew a pair of eyes in the app, hit play, and watched the picture appear in Dog-E’s moving tail. Next, I carefully wrote out “Hi” and then Dog-E perfectly replied it by moving its tail from side to side. Dog-E is strong enough. It can run into walls and chairs without damage, and even be fine after a four-year-old child lifts it by the tail. So it is a perfect toy for children (aged four and older) with interest in a dog but didn't quite understand how to play with it. Overall, you can easily operate Dog-E with an app. It could keep children and even adults playing with it for hours. It might not be long before Dog-E owners are meeting up in real dog parks to show off their own special pets. 1．What does the underlined “It” in paragraph 2 mean? ________ A．Dog-E. B．The app. C．The owner. D．The instruction. 2．What is paragraph 4 and 5 mainly about? ________ A．How to set up the robot pet. B．Ways to light up the robot dog. C．How to change Dog-E’s tail colour. D．Activities between Dog-E and its owner. 3．Which of the following is true about Dog-E? ________ A．Dog-E is always lively and sweet. B．When Dog-E is glad, its tail turns green. C．It can be an excellent friend for a 3-year-old child. D．You can create a birthday for Dog-E through the app. 4．What is the purpose of writing this passage? ________ A．To talk about future pets. B．To introduce a robot dog. C．To show how a robot dog works. D．To encourage people to buy robot pets. Passage14 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）Everyone knows magic tricks are fun, but not enough people realize that math can be as well. Here is one of the most popular tricks to show you how amazing math can be. Firstly, pick a friend with good math skills. To play the trick, your friend needs to know how to add numbers and do subtraction (减法). Then, write down 1089 on a piece of paper without showing anyone. Thirdly, ask your friend to write down a number with three different digits (位数). Tell him not to show you the number. Make sure the three digits can not be the same. For example, he could pick 481. Next, let your friend write down the number backwards. For example, 481 backwards is 184. After that, make it into a subtraction problem. Now your friend has two numbers. Get him to subtract the smaller one from the larger one. In our example, the result should be 481-184＝297. If the result has only two digits, ask your friend to add a zero at the beginning. Next step, reverse this number as well. Ask your friend to take his answer and reverse the digits order again. If he added the zero at the beginning, remind him to include it as part of the number. For example, the reverse of 297 is 792. Here comes the most exciting part. As the final calculation, get your friend to add the last two numbers and write down the result. In our example, 792+297＝1089. Finally, tell everyone that you know the last number your friend wrote down. Show others the piece of paper with the 1089 you’ve written down earlier. In the trick, the last number will always be 1089. If your friend has a different answer, he did not follow instructions, or he made a mistake. 1．To play the trick, how many steps should you follow? ________ A．5. B．6. C．7. D．8. 2．If your friend got “99” after doing the subtraction, what did he need to do? ________ A．Go on with the other steps. B．Change the number into 099. C．Tell others the number he got. D．Choose another number to start again. 3．What’s the underlined word “reverse” in paragraph 7 mean? ________ A．To get something inside out. B．To turn something upside down. C．To turn or move something to one side. D．To change the order of something around. 4．Which is the best name for the math trick? ________ A．The 481 trick B．The 2 numbers trick C．The 1089 trick D．The subtraction trick Passage15 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）Many people say that they have a bad memory, especially when they are older. How can we improve our memory? Many people think that repeating things is the best way to remember them. While this certainly helps short-term memory (remembering a telephone number for a few seconds, for example), psychologists (心理学家) aren’t sure whether it can help you remember things for very long. The British psychologist E.C． Stanford seemed to prove this point when he tested himself on five prayers (祈祷文), especially for remembering numbers, is grouping the information. The following numbers would be impossible for most of us to remember: 1492178919931848. But look at them in groups. According to experts, there are many ways of training your memory. Many of them involve forming a mental picture of the things to be memorized. One method, which may be useful in learning foreign languages, is to create a picture in your mind connected to a word you want to remember. Another method is to invent a story that includes all the things you want to remember. In experiments, people were asked to remember up to 120 words using this skill, when tested afterwards, they were able to recall 90% of them! However, not all of us are interested in learning long lists of names and numbers just for fun. For those studying a large amount of information, psychologists suggest that the best way to form meaningful connections is to ask yourself lots of questions as you go along. So, if you were reading about a special disease, you would ask yourself questions like: “Do people get it from water?” 1．Which of the following is TRUE about repeating things according to the passage? A．It helps short-term memory for sure. B．It helps to remember things for long. C．It makes remembering things interesting. D．It makes remembering prayers easily. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．experts B．ways C．pictures D．languages 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Creating a picture is useful in learning Maths. B．Inventing a prayer trains our memory quickly. C．Remembering long numbers is easy for people. D．Asking yourself questions is helpful for the memory. 4．What’s the purpose of this passage? A．To show that the writer’s memory is bad. B．To know some memory problems. C．To share some ways of improving memory. D．To teach some memory experiments. Passage16 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）We’d better know some culture shock in our lives, because every tradition can teach us something different about the country and its culture. Mexico No yellow roses Roses are great gifts to show feelings in the world. However, different colours of roses may have different meanings. In Mexico, it’s better to choose a traditional red rose but not a yellow one, because the yellow rose means death (死亡) in Mexican culture. Venezuela—Arriving late Venezuelans enjoy a relaxing life. When they’re joining a meeting or a party in Venezuela, it’s common for them to arrive a little late. The Middle East No left hands In many Middle Eastern countries, greeting someone or eating with one’s left hand is not polite or healthy. People there have special use of left hands after going to the bathroom, so they take the left hand as the dirty hand. 1．If you want to give roses as gifts to your Mexican friend, the colour should not be ________. A．pink B．red C．yellow D．white 2．What do people think of arriving late in Venezuela? A．Terrible. B．Usual. C．Serious. D．Impolite. 3．What can you do if you want to greet or eat with someone in the Middle East? A．Greet and eat with your right hand. B．Greet and eat with your left hand. C．Greet with your right hand and eat with your left hand. D．Greet with your left hand and eat with your right hand. Passage 17 （24-25八年级上·广东广州·期末模拟预测）①Trees are one of the oldest plants of our Earth. They keep our air clean, make less noise pollution, make water cleaner and provide (提供) food and building materials (材料). ②Just like us, trees change (改变) a lot as they grow. At one to three years old, young trees learn how to protect (保护) themselves. For example, many trees grow thorns (刺) to stop animals to go near. ③At the age of four years old, trees begin to grow very quickly and become strong enough to face many difficulties later in life. At the age of 15, trees become young adults. They grow more slowly and begin to produce flowers and fruit (开花结果). ④When the tree is 20 to 25 years old, it becomes a real adult. The tree reaches its largest size. Not only does the adult tree gives us shade, oxygen and natural beauty (树荫、氧气和大自然之美), it is also a great place for a tree house, or a place for us to read a book, listen to music and so on. If the adult tree can have a good care, it will go on to live healthily for many years. ⑤Little by little, trees begin to grow older and older and even die. At this time, they still have their important place in nature (大自然). When a tree becomes hollow (空心的) or part of it becomes dead, it becomes a home to small animals and is a source (来源) of food for many other animals. ⑥In many ways, the life of a tree is similar to our own life experience. When looking at the life of a tree, we learn about that each period (时期) of life brings its own kind of happiness and difficulties. Enjoy every minute of the life of it and take care of the trees! 1．From the passage, we know trees learn to protect themselves at the age of ________. A．1—3 years old B．4 years old C．15 years old D．20—25 years old 2．According to the passage, which of the following is the right order? ①Grow more slowly.  ②Become a real adult.  ③Grow thorns to protect himself. ④Grow older and die.  ⑤Produce flowers and fruit. A．②①③④⑤ B．③⑤①②④ C．①③⑤②④ D．③①⑤②④ 3．What can we infer (推测) from this passage? A．You can find flowers and fruit on young adult trees. B．Older trees can make great places for people to rest. C．An adult tree can live long and well if we all learn how to protect them. D．The life of the tree is the same as the life of people. 4．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 18 （24-25八年级上·广东广州·期末模拟预测）We sometimes say the lion is “the king of the forest” because it is stronger and more dangerous than the other animals. It can run faster than most other animals and it can hunt other beasts. It is said that the lion is the highest animal in the land food chain (链). In the sea, people say the shark is at the top of the food chain. It can swim faster than most of the other sea animals. It can also use its sharp teeth to catch other sea animals and eat them. What is at the top of the world’s food chain? Human beings! We are not the biggest or fastest, but we are the cleverest. We could not run faster than most animals, so we invented cars. We could not fight better than a lion, we invented guns. People’s inventions are clever, but they can be dangerous, too. For example, people used guns to kill a lot of wild wolves. People thought they posed a threat to their sheep. But m recent years, the number of wild rabbits is becoming larger and larger because the number of wild wolves is getting smaller and smaller. The wild rabbits competed for the grass with the sheep and the cows, much of the grassland became desert because it was seriously destroyed by the wild rabbits. Remember that we are part of the food chain, so we are in danger. too! Protecting animals is protecting ourselves! 1．________ is at the top of the food chain in the sea. A．The shark B．The lion C．Human beings D．The dolphin 2．People’s inventions can be sometimes dangerous because ________. A．they can kill a lot of wild wolves B．they can destroy the food chain C．they can destroy the grassland D．they can make wild rabbits grow bigger and bigger 3．What does the underlined word “threat” refer to? A．猎物 B．威胁 C．同类 D．契机 4．What’s the purpose of this passage? A．To tell people who is at the top of the food chain. B．To discuss why human beings invented cars and guns. C．To show the importance of wild wolves. D．To make us pay more attention to what we do to the animals. Passage 19 （24-25八年级上·广东广州·期末模拟预测） Hey gamers, did you hear about Black Myth: Wukong, the new game that’s quite popular? On the day it came out, over 1.6 million players were playing it online—more than Counter-Strike 2, Dota 2, and Elden Ring. This game is special because it shows the world how creative Chinese game makers are and how interesting Chinese culture can be. You might know Dota and Dota 2. They have a fantastic world with heroes (英雄) like Monkey King, but most of their other heroes come from the old stories from Europe. ▲ . It’s called Honor of Kings. Many of its heroes come from Chinese history and legends (传说). Now, Black Myth: Wukong is even more exciting because it’s the first AAA games with Chinese legends in a video game. This is special for many gamers who are interested in Chinese legends. Set in a world full of traditional (传统的) Chinese legends, Black Myth: Wukong shows the beauty of ancient (古代的) China. The hero, Wukong is from one of the four classic (经典的) Chinese books, Journey to the West. Players will travel to different places, from green woods to dark caves, each with different monsters (妖怪). The game is popular both in China and in other countries. Many players from other countries even start reading the book, Journey to the West. Some of them post videos online, saying how wonderful the game is and how interesting Chinese culture is. Making a game like Black Myth: Wukong takes a lot of time and money. But it was worth (值得的) it. By the end of the first day, over 3 million copies were sold on Steam. The result shows that there’s a big interest in Chinese legends in gaming, and we might see more in the future. 1．How many players were online playing Black Myth: Wukong on the first day? A．1.6 million. B．3 million. C．Over 1.6 million. D．Over 3 million. 2．Which of the following can be put in the ▲ ? A．Also, almost all the Chinese game players enjoyed playing a game. B．However, then an exciting game made a difference to the gaming world. C．There was another game also full of heroes from European old stories. D．Unluckily, some western game players didn’t like a game at all. 3．Which is true about Black Myth: Wukong? A．It’s not easy to make a game like Black Myth: Wukong. B．Black Myth: Wukong is only popular among Chinese players. C．Fans say some bad things online about Black Myth: Wukong. D．Players will meet the same monsters in different places. 4．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．Heroes from Chinese history and legends. B．A video game that is difficult to make. C．Popular video games around the world. D．A new popular game with Chinese legends. Passage 20 （24-25八年级上·广东广州·期末模拟预测） How can we relax after busy workdays? Walking through the city streets at weekends is now a new favourite among young people in China. It is called Citywalk. People can take a Citywalk on their own or by following a tour guide. They usually don’t go to famous shopping centres. Instead, they go to small shops or restaurants, take a close look at old buildings and know about the history and culture of the city. Many Citywalkers love to share their routes (路线) with others, including how long the walk will take and what beautiful places they will see along the way. It is helpful to others who also want to take a Citywalk. Nan Xi, a girl from Beijing, moved to Shanghai not long ago. One day, when she went online (在线) to find something interesting to do on weekends, she got to know about Citywalk. “I think Shanghai is a wonderful city to take a Citywalk. There are big trees along the streets and shops selling different things. It’s great for friends to walk together and take photos,” she said. She decided to have a try. She had a two-hour Citywalk tour. During the tour, the guide talked about the history of the buildings and streets along the way. “I enjoyed the trip that day. It gave me a better understanding of how Western and local cultures mix together in Shanghai. I can’t wait to take another Citywalk,” she said. Take a Citywalk at weekends! Enjoy the beauty of your city in a new way! 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By showing an answer. D．By giving an example. 2．What can people do when they take a Citywalk according to the passage? A．Go to big shops or restaurants. B．Visit famous shopping centres. C．Know about the culture of the city. D．Take a close look at modern buildings. 3．What can we know about Nan Xi from paragraph 4? A．She knew about Citywalk on TV. B．She moved to Beijing not long ago. C．She wanted to take another Citywalk. D．She had a three-hour tour around Shanghai. 4．The writer writes the passage to advise people to _________. A．share routes on the Internet B．take photos while walking C．make plans before travelling D．enjoy weekends in a new way 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03：阅读理解说明文20篇（广州专用） 【题型特点】 阅读理解主要考查考生通过阅读短文而获取一定信息的能力。试题考查的文体多为记叙文、说明文、应用文等,考查内容比较广泛。不仅如此,阅读理解的文章在体裁方面也越来越多样化,广告、图表等应用文是近年来试题的新体裁；在内容方面,也更加体现了时代性和可读性,题材包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等方面。题型考察主要有：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题（代词指示题）、主旨大意题。 【解题技巧】 1.细节理解题：直接在文章中找出原句或根据题干从文章中找到相关的句子，用同义词、同义句和近义词、近义句进行转换，推断出最恰当的答案。 2.推理判断题：根据文章具体的事实细节、句子间的关系、文章的逻辑结构去分析和推理，从而达到理解、推断的目的。 3.词义猜测题：利用上下文对词、词组以及句子的理解能力，常用的方法包括因果逻辑法、定义释义法、描述举例法、构词法和常识法。 4.主旨大意题和标题归纳题：在理解全文的基础上对文章进行归纳、概括或评价，找出贯穿全文的主线索，正确归纳文章的中心思想。 【答题步骤】 1.（审题）先看问题，再读文章：仔细阅读题目，明确问题要求和答题方向。带着问题阅读短文，确定主攻方向，特别要注意首尾段和首尾句，把握文章的主题。 2.（定位和比对）细读全文，认真分析与问题有关的词汇、句子或段落： 使用题干中的关键词来定位原文中的具体句子或段落。 对比题目要求和原文内容，找出差异。这一步骤对于排除错误选项至关重要。 对于需要推断的题目，如词义猜测或作者意图推断，根据上下文和文章的逻辑关系进行推断。 注意干扰项。干扰项可能包括范围过大、偷换概念、正误并存等。仔细分析这些选项，可以帮助你更准确地找到正确答案。 3.（复核）复读全文，验证答案：在选出全部答案后，应将答案带入问题中重读全文，确保答案的正确性和逻辑性。 【期末真题与模拟预测】 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）What do you think is the most important invention in the last 1,000 years? Many people say that it’s the printing press (印刷机) that allows us to print copies or books.Why is the printing press so important in human history? Before the printing press was invented, books were copied by hand. An ancient Roman book trader sometimes sold as many as 5,000 copies of a book that had been copied by slaves (奴隶), copying a book took so much time and was so expensive. As a result, usually only a small part of the people learned to read and owned books. In 1450, Johannes Gutenberg from Germany invented the modern printing press. The effect of his machine is sometimes compared to the invention of the Internet. Gutenberg’s printing press was easy to use with languages such as English that had alphabetic (字母的) words. After 1450, thousands of copies of a popular book or newspaper could be made quickly and cheaply. Books and newspapers with ideas and images from all over the world went into the market for the wide public. Reading has brought about amazing changes in science and technology. We’ve learned how to create wealth (财富) and even travel to far places. Computers, mobile phones, because millions of readers were created by the printing press. Since 1450, more and more people have become readers. These readers help the world to make progress at a fast speed. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By showing opinions. C．By asking some questions. D．By giving many numbers. 2．What can we infer from Paragraph 2? A．As early as ancient Rome,many people learned to read. B．People in ancient Rome were interested in copying books. C．The printing press is the most useful invention in the world. D．The invention of the printing press is necessary and important. 3．What can we learn from the passage? A．The printing press was cheap for all the people in the past. B．The slaves came up with the idea of the printing press. C．The printing press taught people how to create wealth. D．Gutenberg’s invention played an important role in human history. 4．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How the printing press changed the world. B．When the first modern printing press was invented. C．What the first modern printing press looked like. D．Why reading books is more and more popular around the world. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了印刷机的发展以及贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“What you is most invention the 1,000? Many say it’s printing that us print or is printing so in history?”可知，作者通过两个问题来引出本文的话题印刷机。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Before the printing press was invented, books were copied by hand. An ancient Roman book trader sometimes sold as many as 5,000 copies of a book...”可知，在印刷机发明之前，抄写费时而且贵，所以印刷术的发明重要而且有必要。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“In 1450, Johannes Gutenberg from Germany invented the modern printing press., The effect of his machine is sometimes compared to the invention of the Internet.”可知,他的发明在人类历史上非常重要。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。根据第一段“What you is most invention the 1,000? Many say it’s printing that us print or is printing so in history?”以及“Since 1450, more and more people have become readers. These readers help the world to make progress at a fast speed.”可知，本文介绍了印刷机是如何改变世界的。故选A。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）If you are looking for something to kill your time, TikTok is just the app. TikTok is a social media platform (社交媒体平台). There you can watch, share and create short videos. These videos can be about almost everything, from personal lives to the latest news. In February 2021, TikTok has around 1.1 billion users worldwide. Almost 60% of the users are between the ages of 16 and 24. Then, why is it so popular among young people? Firstly, most videos on TikTok last only 15 seconds. Sometimes it seems a15-second video can make you happier than a one-hour TV show. It is relaxing for people who look for fun for a few minutes after busy days. The algorithm (算法) of the app is another reason. Whenever you open the app, the first page you see is the “For You” page. By using algorithm, TikTok can know your interest and provide videos you may like on the “For You” page. If you “heart” the videos you love, similar ones will keep showing up. TikTok also encourages everyone to become a creator. Creators can make videos in any way they want. If they want their videos to appear on the “For You” page of many other users, they should make them attractive. That encourages video creators to keep producing more. As TikTok has grown, more and more young people become addicted to short videos. You may find yourself spending an hour or two on hundreds of short videos without realizing it. Maybe you just plan to relax a while before finishing your work but end up doing nothing except for scrolling down the screen the whole afternoon. 1．What can we know about TikTok? A．TikTok offers any news you want. B．TikTok helps people make good friends. C．TikTok attracts many young people. D．TikTok helps people make everything. 2．How many reasons for the success of TikTok are mentioned in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 6 mean? A．Young people use TikTok too much. B．Young people are good at using TikTok. C．TikTok helps young people make videos. D．TikTok helps more young people grow up. 4．What does the writer probably agree with? A．Young people should learn to use TikTok. B．Using TikTok makes young people famous. C．Using TikTok has both good and bad effects. D．Using TikTok is harmful to people’s health. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了应用程序抖音。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“In February 2021, TikTok has around 1.1 billion users worldwide. Almost 60% of the users are between the ages of 16 and 24. Then, why is it so popular among young people?”可知，超过一半的抖音全球用户年龄在16至24岁之间，说明抖音吸引了许多年轻人。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Firstly, most videos on TikTok last only 15 seconds.”、第四段“The algorithm of the app is another reason.”和第五段“TikTok also encourages everyone to become a creator.”可知，文章提到了抖音受欢迎的三个原因。故选B。 3．句子猜测题。根据下文“You may find yourself spending an hour or two on hundreds of short videos without realizing it. Maybe you just plan to relax a while before finishing your work but end up doing nothing except for scrolling down the screen the whole afternoon.”可知，人们计划在完成工作之前放松一下，但结果整个下午都在刷抖音却什么都没做。由此可以推断划线部分句子意思是随着抖音的发展，精彩的视频不断，越来越多的年轻人花太多的时间刷抖音，以至于耽误了工作或学习。故选A。 4．观点态度题。综合全文可知，抖音上的视频通常都是15秒，让人们在繁忙的日子里，短时间地获得了快乐，释放了压力，给生活增添了乐趣；但同时作者认为刷抖音视频会让时间在无声无息中逝去，很多年轻人沉迷于此，意识不到时间的流逝，从而耽误了学业和工作。故选C。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）THE PLANT WORLD There are more than 400,000 kinds of plants on Earth. Some plants are as big as tall buildings; others are as small as rice. Plants are key parts of the food circle. They play an important part in the nature because they give out oxygen—the gas that all animals need for breathing. What is a plant? Most people have no difficulty finding the differences between an animal and a plant. That is because animals can move around, but plants can’t. What makes a plant a plant? Like animals, plants are living things that are made up of lots of cells (细胞). Unlike animals, plants make their own food by photosynthesis (光合作用). Most plants have roots, stems, and leaves, and most plants reproduce by growing flowers and making seeds. All plants need energy to stay alive and grow, and they get it from sunlight instead of food. How does a plant grow? Most animals grow in a certain way, and genes control their growth. That is to say, even when they are small, it’s easy to know what they will look like after they grow up. Plants are different. Their growth is controlled by genes too, but their final shape also depends on where they live. For example, a tree can be big and round if it grows up in an open space, but much taller and thinner if it grows in the woods with other trees all around. Plants are unable to move from one environment to another, so it is important that they are able to get used to the environment. 1．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1? A．Number of plants. B．Different sizes of plants. C．Importance of plants. D．Parts of plants. 2．What method does the author use to describe the plants in paragraph 2? A．By comparing. B．By giving examples. C．By giving numbers. D．By telling stories. 3．What can we know about plants from the passage? A．Flower and seed are the most important parts of a plant. B．Plants and animals grow in the same way. C．Only environment controls the plants’ growth. D．It’s important for the plants to get used to the environment. 4．Where can we most probably read the passage? A．In an advertisement. B．In a story book. C．In an encyclopaedia. D．In a poster. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了植物世界的特点和生长方式。地球上有超过40万种植物，有些植物高大如建筑物，有些小如米粒。植物是食物链中的关键部分，通过光合作用释放氧气，对自然界起着重要作用。植物是由许多细胞组成的生物，通过光合作用自己制造食物。它们的生长受基因控制，但最终形态也受生长环境影响。植物无法移动到不同的环境，因此适应环境对它们非常重要。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“There are more than 400,000 kinds of plants on Earth. Some plants are as big as tall buildings; others are as small as rice. Plants are key parts of the food circle. They play an important part in the nature because they give out oxygen—the gas that all animals need for breathing.”可知，第一段提到的了植物的数量，大小不同的植物，以及植物的重要性，没有提到植物的一部分。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Most people have no difficulty finding the differences between an animal and a plant. That is because animals can move around, but plants can’t. What makes a plant a plant? Like animals, plants are living things that are made up of lots of cells (细胞). Unlike animals, plants make their own food by photosynthesis (光合作用).”可知，第二段是通过与动物对比来描述植物的。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Plants are unable to move from one environment to another, so it is important that they are able to get used to the environment.”可知，植物适应环境是很重要的。故选D。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了植物世界的特点和生长方式，因此可在百科全书中读到该文章。故选C。 Passage 4 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）Doing housework is a key part of family life. It helps improve the relationship among family members. However, lots of Chinese parents are unaware of the importance of doing housework and they think it is a waste of time. In order to know how often middle school students do housework at home, we did a survey among 1,200 students from Grade 7 to Grade 9 in a middle school. The following bar chart shows the result of our survey. From the bar chart, we find that only a small number of students usually do housework. Nearly half of the students in Grade 9 never do housework. The result makes us worried. After all, doing housework is good for students. It can teach students many important skills, like planning, timing, solving problems and so on. Doing housework can also teach students what responsibility is. Everyone should do something for the family. What’s more, doing housework can help students relax themselves and keep a balance between study and life. Therefore, we suggest that parents should encourage their children to do housework. They must learn one or two life skills every year so that they can be better prepared for an independent life in the future. 1．What can we learn from the bar chart? A．Students in all grades actively take part in housework. B．Over half of the students in Grade 8 never do housework. C．Students in Grade 7 do housework more often than students in Grade 9. D．The result of Grade 9 students is the least worrying among all grades. 2．Which is NOT an advantage of doing housework? A．Relaxing a busy mind. B．Saving more time for study. C．Practising planning and timing skills. D．Learning to be independent from parents. 3．What does the underlined word “responsibility” probably mean in paragraph 4? A．Skill. B．Ability. C．Duty. D．Method. 4．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To show the result of a recent survey. B．To teach students how to do housework. C．To remind parents the importance of doing housework. D．To point out a worrying problem for teachers in school. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。展示了中学生在家中做家务的频率。调查结果显示，只有少数学生通常会做家务，几乎有一半的九年级学生从不做家务。这个结果让我们感到担忧。 1．细节理解题。根据条形图可知，七年级经常做家务的人数是126人，九年级经常做家务的人数是116人，所以七年级的学生比九年级的学生更经常做家务。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“It can teach students many important skills, like planning,timing,solving problems and so on.”（它可以教会学生许多重要的技能，如计划、时间安排、解决问题等。）和“What’s more, doing housework can help students relax themselves and keep a balance between study and life.”（此外，做家务可以帮助学生放松自己，保持学习和生活之间的平衡。）以及最后一段“They must learn one or two life skills every year so that they can be better prepared for an independent life in the future.”（他们必须每年学习一两项生活技能，以便为将来的独立生活做好准备。）可知，没有提到“节省了更多的学习时间”。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段“Everyone should do something for the family.”（每个人都应该为家庭做点什么。）可知，做家务还可以教会学生什么是责任，所以“responsibility”是“责任”的意思。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“Therefore,we suggest that parents should encourage their children to do housework.They must learn one or two life skills every year so that they can be better prepared for an independent life in the future.”（因此，我们建议父母应该鼓励孩子做家务。他们必须每年学习一两项生活技能，以便为将来的独立生活做好准备。）可知，文章的目的是提醒父母做家务的重要性。故选C。 Passage 5 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）One plus one equals two. There are 60 seconds in one minute. Sixty minutes equals one hour. There are 24 hours in one day. One year includes 365 days. These are all basic facts that we know by heart. But have you ever stopped to think how numbers came into being and how they developed? It’s safe to say that our society would have never developed without numbers. However, the development of numbers is still a puzzle to us. That’s because when ancient people developed simple ways of counting, they didn’t leave any records behind. It’s not difficult to guess that numbers and counting began with the number “1”, though ancient people probably didn’t call it “one.” They likely counted by ones and recorded by carving lines on a bone. The earliest evidence of this is the Ishango Bone (伊尚戈骨), which was found in 1960 in Africa. The bone is believed to be more than 20,000 years old. It has many lines on it. The lines look like what we would call “tally marks” today. Scientists think those lines show how ancient people used numbers. 1．According to the article, we still don’t know ________. A．the basic facts of numbers B．where numbers come from C．how to count with numbers D．the importance of numbers 2．Why is the development of numbers a puzzle? A．Because people today are not smart enough to find it out. B．Because people today can’t find any records of ancient ways of counting. C．Because ancient people forgot to leave any records of their ways of counting. D．Because ancient people didn’t record their ways of counting at all. 3．Where was the Ishango Bone found? A．In China. B．In Africa. C．In Egypt. D．In India. 4．Which picture best stands for the phrase “tally marks” mentioned in the last paragraph? A． B．     C． D． 5．Which of the following statements is true according to the article? A．The Inshango Bone was found 20,000 years ago. B．There are many numbers on the Inshango Bone. C．Numbers are important to a society’s development. D．Ancient people carved lines on the stones as a way of counting. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了数字的历史和发展。 1．细节理解题。根据“However, the development of numbers is still a puzzle to us.”可知数字的发展对我们来说仍然是一个谜，所以我们不知道数字来自哪里。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“That’s because when ancient people developed simple ways of counting, they didn’t leave any records behind.”可知数字的发展对我们来说仍然是一个谜，这是因为当古代人发展出简单的计数方法时，他们没有留下任何记录。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“The earliest evidence of this is the Ishango Bone (伊尚戈骨), which was found in 1960 in Africa”可知伊尚戈骨是在非洲被发现的。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“It has many lines on it. The lines look like what we would call ‘tally marks’ today”可知上面有很多行，选项C符合。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“It’s safe to say that our society would have never developed without numbers”可知如果没有数字，我们的社会就永远不会发展。故选C。 Passage 6 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）Ants are social insects. They live together in groups. There are more than 10,000 different kinds of ants. Ants are found almost everywhere in the world. Appearance The body of an ant has three parts: the head, the thorax, and the abdomen. The mouth is important for most ants. It is used for fighting, eating, carrying food and other materials. On the top of the head there are two antennae. Ants use them to smell, communicate, and look for directions. Life Cycle There are four stages in the life cycle of the ant. The larvae have no eyes or legs. After the larvae come out of the eggs, they drop their skin several times. Most of them spin a silken cocoon (茧) around their bodies. Then they rest inside and grow into pupae. When a pupa is ready to come out of its cocoon, other ants bite a hole at the end of the silken cocoon and help the weak little ant leave the cocoon. Then they wash and feed it. Most ants live for 6 to 10 weeks. Behavior Most ants live in nests made of many different materials, including sand, wood, and leaves. In each nest there is usually a queen, workers, and soldiers. The queen only spends her life producing eggs. The workers collect food, clean the nest, and care for eggs. Soldiers protect the nests. Ants have different ways of protecting themselves. Some attack their enemies with their mouths. Others run away when facing enemies, “play dead,” or send special sounds to tell others there is danger. 1．What can an ant do with its mouth? A．Smell and get food. B．Fight and carry materials. C．Communicate and look for directions. D．Eat and find the way. 2．Which of the following shows the growth of ants? A．egg—larva—pupa—ant B．egg—pupa—larva—ant C．larva—egg—pupa—ant D．pupa—larva—egg—ant 3．What can we know about ants from their behavior? A．Ants prefer living in nests made of sand. B．There are three ants in each nest. C．The queen produces eggs and looks after them. D．Ants know how to keep safe by themselves. 4．What is the purpose (目的) of this article? A．To show the importance of ants. B．To ask people to protect ants. C．To introduce some facts about ants. D．To compare different kinds of ants. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍蚂蚁的相关内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“The mouth is important for most ants. It is used for fighting, eating, carrying food and other materials.”可知，嘴巴对大多数蚂蚁来说很重要。它用于战斗、进食、运送食物和其他材料。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The larvae have no eyes or legs. After the larvae come out of the eggs, they drop their skin several times. Most of them spin a silken cocoon (茧) around their bodies. Then they rest inside and grow into pupae. When a pupa is ready to come out of its cocoon, other ants bite a hole at the end of the silken cocoon and help the weak little ant leave the cocoon.”可知，先是卵，然后是幼虫，之后变成茧，最后变为蚂蚁。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Ants have different ways of protecting themselves.”可知，蚂蚁有不同的保护自己的方法。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍蚂蚁的相关内容，选项C“介绍一些关于蚂蚁的事实”符合主题，故选C。 Passage 7 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末） What do you do when you need to look something up? Go to the library? Open an encyclopedia? Click on to the internet? These days, most people go straight to Wikipedia, the online encyclopedia. But how reliable (可靠) is it? There’s no denying the popularity and usefulness of Wikipedia. It attracts 78 million visitors every month, and the site is available (可用的) in more than 270 different languages. It’s one of the most comprehensive (综合的) resources available, and it’s got much more information than an ordinary encyclopedia. The site is updated on a daily basis by thousands of people around the world. Anyone with an internet connection can log on and edit the contents or add a new page. And you don’t need any formal training. Of course, there are some controls. Wikipedia has a team of more than 1,500 administrators (管理员) who check for false information. But with more than 16 million articles to keep an eye on, it isn’t easy. So, while Wikipedia benefits from being constantly updated with information from all over the world, it’s also open to “vandals” (故意破坏公物的人). Some of the damage is easy to notice. One prankster (恶作剧者) drew devil horns and a moustache on Microsoft chairman Bill Gate’s photo, while another edited Greek philosopher Plato’s biography to say he was a “Hawaiian weather man”. But other things are harder to spot. The most common form of vandalism involves adding tiny items of false information into the biography of a famous person. Some of this misinformation has even appeared in newspapers, with The Daily Mail, The Guardian and The Independent all having fallen victim (牺牲者) to the pranks. For example, in an introduction for British comedian Sir Norman Wisdom, one newspaper claimed that he co-wrote Dame Vera Lynn’s wartime hit “There’ll be Bluebirds over the White Cliffs of Dover”. He did no such thing. And in another article, it was reported that TV theme tune composer Ronnie Hazlehurst had written the song “Reach”. Once again, not true. So, if you’re going to use any information from Wikipedia, make sure you double-check it first. 1．If you want to look something up on Wikipedia, you will find ________. A．it is only available in English B．it has little useful information C．you can only get the information online D．you need to go to a library to use it 2．According to the article, what is NOT an advantage enjoyed by Wikipedia over that of an ordinary encyclopedia? A．It is available online in many different languages. B．It may contain more false information than an ordinary encyclopedia. C．It has a team of administrators to check for false information. D．It’s content can be updated every day. 3．The examples of the pranks are cited (引用) to ________. A．let you know that false information is inevitable on the site B．urge Wikipedia to set stricter controls over its contents C．criticize the right that the public has to edit the contents on the site D．demonstrate the downsides of public editing allowed by Wikipedia 4．It can be learned from the article that ________. A．pranksters aren’t likely to edit the information about famous people B．some mainstream newspapers also refer to the false information from Wikipedia C．the public is not allowed by Wikipedia to edit the information about famous people D．the Wikipedia administrators don’t work hard enough to check for false information on the site 5．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．We should not use Wikipedia. B．The information from Wikipedia is not reliable. C．We should not trust the information from Wikipedia. D．We should make sure the information from Wikipedia is correct before deciding to use it. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在线百科全书——维基百科，一部人人可编辑的自由百科全书。它很受欢迎，但其中有一些虚假信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“These days, most people go straight to Wikipedia, the online encyclopedia.”可知，维基百科是一部在线百科全书，所以如果想要在维基百科上查点什么，只能在网上获取信息，故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“while Wikipedia benefits from being constantly updated with information from all over the world, it’s also open to “vandals” (故意破坏公物的人).”和第五段“The most common form of vandalism involves adding tiny items of false information into the biography of a famous person.”可知，有些人会故意上传一些错误的信息到维基百科上，由此推测，不是维基百科相对于普通百科全书的优势的是，维基百科可能比普通的百科全书包含的错误信息更多，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段和第五段可知，由于人人都可以在维基百科上自由编辑，导致维基百科上有一些错误的信息，所以作者列举这些恶作剧的例子是为了展示维基百科允许公众编辑的缺点，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段可知“Some of this misinformation has even appeared in newspapers, with The Daily Mail, The Guardian and The Independent all having fallen victim (牺牲者) to the pranks.”可知，有一些错误信息甚至出现在了报纸上，由此推测，一些主流报纸也提到了来自维基百科的虚假信息，故选B。 5．段落大意题。根据最后一段“So, if you’re going to use any information from Wikipedia, make sure you double-check it first.”可知，在我们决定用维基百科上的信息之前，我们应该要先确定这些信息是正确的，故选D。 Passage 8 （23-24八年级上·广东深圳·期末）A study in September has added excitement in the brain science area. In the study, volunteers had electrical stimulation (刺激) in their brains. The study found their memory and problem-solving abilities got better for at least a month. The stimulation was painless and could lead to future treatments (治疗) for memory. It can even help students with their future exams. Volunteers in the study did better in both remembering words and working out memory-based problems. In the test, they wore a cap and it was connected to electrical currents (电流). Wearing the cap twenty minutes a day was enough to help people remember words better. The volunteers could retell more words a month later. Working memory is connected to problem-solving and decision-making abilities. Low frequency (频率) stimulation of the brain can help boost working memory. For example, volunteers also did better in taking notes after the stimulation. The brain training industries are worth millions of dollars. Players are interested in improving their abilities by doing memory exercises. The future is wide open if it is tested to be successful and safe in treatments. 1．According to Paragraph 2, who is likely to take the electrical shocks? A．A man who wants to remember everything. B．A boy who wants to get higher marks. C．A woman who loves wearing caps. D．A girl who can solve problems quickly. 2．What did the volunteers do in the tests? A．They remembered the number of the words. B．They needed to retell the words after a month. C．They got 30 minutes of electrical stimulation a day. D．They wore a cap that can help them with their exams. 3．What does the underlined word “boost” mean in the passage? A．make ... weaker B．make ... worse C．make ... harder D．make ... better 4．What can we infer (推断) from the last two paragraphs? A．The future of electrical stimulation is quite bright. B．Lots of players show interest in brain training industries. C．Low frequency stimulation didn’t work on the volunteers. D．The volunteers tested their working memory by taking notes. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．Working memory gets better when wearing caps. B．Brain training industries spent millions of dollars. C．The electrical stimulation helps people in memory. D．All Students want electrical stimulation for exams. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了电刺激有助于提高人们的记忆力。 1．推理判断题。根据“In the study, volunteers had electrical stimulation (刺激) in their brains. The study found their memory and problem-solving abilities got better for at least a month. ”可知电刺激有助于提高记忆力，结合“Volunteers in the study did better in both remembering words and working out memory-based problems.”可知A选项一个想要记住一切的人”符合语境，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Wearing the cap twenty minutes a day was enough to help people remember words better. The volunteers could retell more words a month later.”可知他们需要在一个月后复述这些单词。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“For example, volunteers also did better in taking notes after the stimulation.”（例如，志愿者在受到刺激后也能更好地记笔记）可知此处是指大脑的低频刺激有助于提高工作记忆，boost和D选项同义，故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“Players are interested in improving their abilities by doing memory exercises. The future is wide open if it is tested to be successful and safe in treatments.”（玩家们热衷于通过记忆练习来提高自己的能力。如果它在治疗中被证明是成功和安全的，未来是广阔的。）可推知许多玩家对大脑训练行业表现出了兴趣。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。根据“In the study, volunteers had electrical stimulation (刺激) in their brains. The study found their memory and problem-solving abilities got better for at least a month.”以及全文可知，本文主要介绍了电刺激有助于提高人们的记忆力。故选C。 Passage 9 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）As a way of passing on knowledge, ideas and creativity, books have played an important part in human civilization (文明) . In ancient times, there were no books, and people passed on their knowledge by telling stories. The earliest forms of the book were made in Egypt around 3,000 BC． These early scrolls (卷轴), made from animal skins, were used to record stories, laws and history. Later, people learned how to write and make paper. They wrote each word by hand. It took a long time to write just one book, making them rare and expensive. In the 15th century, the invention of the printing press appeared and changed the book-making business and even the world. This made it possible to print books quickly. Even common people could buy and read books. In the 20th century, computers and the Internet changed the world again. A new kind of book appeared: the electronic book (e-book). E-books have opened up a new world for books. They are quickly changing people’s reading habits. It is easier for people to buy and sell books online and carry the whole library in their pockets. Therefore, information travels faster and farther. In a word, the history of the book shows the development of human civilization. From ancient scrolls to e-books, the book has changed to meet the needs of humans. In the future, it is possible that books will continue to change. Now, people have many ways to read books. But, more importantly, people should keep on reading! 1．Before books appeared, how did people pass on their knowledge? A．By dancing. B．By singing. C．Through storytelling. D．Through scrolls. 2．Why were books expensive in the early days of paper invention? A．Because books were made from expensive animal skins. B．Because writing one book by hand needed a lot of time. C．Because the paper was expensive at the beginning. D．Because people were busy inventing the printing press. 3．What change have e-books brought to humans according to the passage? A．People can read books conveniently anytime for their small sizes. B．E-books have made it difficult to buy and sell paper books online. C．People’s reading habits have become faster but less enjoyable. D．E-books cannot provide the same reading experience as paper books. 4．What does the writer mainly want to tell us in the last paragraph? A．Books show the development of human civilization. B．People will have many different ways to read books. C．Books will continue to change to meet the needs of humans. D．People should keep reading even if books keep changing. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了书籍在人类文明中发挥了重要作用，虽然现在人们有很多方式来读书，但是人们还是应该坚持阅读。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“In ancient times, there were no books, and people passed on their knowledge by telling stories.”可知，在古代，人们通过讲故事来传递他们的知识。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“It took a long time to write just one book, making them rare and expensive.”可知，这使得它们既稀有又昂贵，是因为手写一本书需要很多时间。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“E-books have opened up a new world for books. They are quickly changing people’s reading habits. It is easier for people to buy and sell books online and carry the whole library in their pockets. Therefore, information travels faster and farther.”可知，电子书体积小，人们可以随时方便地阅读。故选A。 4．段落大意题。根据最后一段“ In the future, it is possible that books will continue to change. Now, people have many ways to read books. But, more importantly, people should keep on reading!”可知，作者在最后一段主要想告诉我们：即使书籍不断变化，人们也应该坚持阅读。故选D。 Passage 10 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）Smartphone and computer are two important inventions in our daily life. They help us in many ways, but they may also lead to health problems. Looking at the screen of your smartphone or computer for too long can make your eyes dry. It is not good for your eyesight. To help your eyes stay healthy, you can follow the “20-20-20” rule - - after 20 minutes’ use of eyes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds. Besides our eyes, other parts of our body could also become worse because of using smartphones. When we write a lot of text messages, we can develop “texting thumbs”. It will stop us from holding things well. So we have to exercise our fingers and thumbs from time to time. Scientists also found that smartphones could also hurt our mind. One of the biggest problems is that using smartphones can influence the way we sleep. Doctors say the screen light stops us from feeling sleepy. So they advise people not to use smartphones for at least one hour before sleeping. Mental problem also needs our attention. Another serious danger caused by staring at screens is Internet addiction (上瘾). Many people turn to the Internet to keep themselves away from feeling nervous, sad or lonely. Over time, they may start to depend on the Internet and feel worried if they're not online. One way to stop these people from falling into trouble like this is to control the time they spend on the Internet. To use your smartphone or computer safely, make sure you follow the above advice. Also, remember that there is more to enjoy in life than just looking at an electronic screen. 1．What does the first “20” in the “20-20-20” rule in paragraph 2 mean? A．How long you use your eyes. B．How often you take a break. C．How far you look at things from you. D．How many things you need to do at the break. 2．How many health problems are mentioned in the passage? A．Six. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．What does the writer advise us to do if we don’t want to have Internet addiction? A．Stay away from bad feelings. B．Control time of use. C．Use in a safe place. D．Stop using the Internet. 4．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲了智能手机和电脑在很多方面帮助我们，但也可能导致健康问题。为了安全地使用智能手机或电脑，要遵循本文的建议，并且记住生活中还有更多值得享受的事情，不要只盯着电子屏幕。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“To help your eyes stay healthy, you can follow the “20-20-20” rule - - after 20 minutes’ use of eyes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds.”可知，第二段中“20-20-20”规则的第一个“20”的意思是你用你的眼睛看了多久。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Looking at the screen of your smartphone or computer for too long can make your eyes dry. It is not good for your eyesight.”；第三段“Besides our eyes, other parts of our body could also become worse because of using smartphones.”；第四段“Scientists also found that smartphones could also hurt our mind. One of the biggest problems is that using smartphones can influence the way we sleep.”和第五段“Mental problem also needs our attention. Another serious danger caused by staring at screens is Internet addiction (上瘾).”可知文章中提到了4种健康问题。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第五段“One way to stop these people from falling into trouble like this is to control the time they spend on the Internet.”可知如果我们不想网瘾，作者建议我们控制使用时间。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。根据文章第一段总的讲述智能手机和电脑可能会使我们导致健康问题，第二段、第三段、第四段和第五段分别讲述出现的问题，第六段总的讲述为了安全使用智能手机或电脑，请确保遵循上述建议可知，文章的结构为选项A，为总分总的结构。故选A。 Passage 11 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）How many people are there in China? What’s the average age of Chinese people? How many children does a typical Chinese family have? To answer these questions, China made its seventh national census (人口普查) in 2020. China makes the national census every 10 years. The government (政府) can use the data to make policies. For example, if the number of children goes up, the government will build more schools. Let’s take a look. More people Now there are about 1.41 billion people in the Chinese mainland. The population has grown a lot during the last 10 years. The average age in China is 38. 8. China’s population is still young and strong. There are more children aged 0—14 than there were 10 years ago. Many of them are the second child in their family. There are more old people, too. We need to offer them better services so they can live happier and healthier lives. Smaller families A typical Chinese family has 2.62 people. Ten years ago, the number was 3.10. It means our families are getting smaller. In the past, a Chinese family often had three generations (三代人)—grandparents, there are more nuclear families. That’s just two parents and their children. Foreigners in China During the last 10 years, more foreigners came to China. Most of them have lived in China for more than five years. They are working and studying here. 1．How did the writer start the passage? A．By giving facts. B．By telling stories. C．By listing numbers. D．By asking questions. 2．What will the government do if the number of children goes up? A．Do more censuses. B．Provide easier jobs. C．Build more schools. D．Make fewer policies. 3．What does “nuclear families” mean according to this passage? A．Parents living with their children. B．Children living without parents. C．Children living with grandparents. D．Children living with parents and grandparents. 4．What can we learn from the results of the seventh national census? A．There are fewer Chinese people now. B．More foreigners leave China these years. C．Children don’t like living with grandparents. D．There are more children aged 0—14 than before. 5．Why did the writer write the passage? ________ A．To share the results of the census. B．To provide services for old people. C．To introduce how to collect information. D．To explain why the government did the census. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国在2020年进行的第七次全国人口普查的结果。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“How many people are there in China? What’s the average age of Chinese people? How many children does a typical Chinese family have?”可知，作者以三个问题开始了这篇文章。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“For example, if the number of children goes up, the government will build more schools.”可知，如果孩子的数量增加，政府将建立更多的学校。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“That’s just two parents and their children.”可知，父母两人加上他们的孩子的家庭就是核心家庭。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“There are more children aged 0—14 than there were 10 years ago.”可知，0—14岁的孩子比10年前多了。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国第七次全国人口普查的结果。故选A。 Passage 12 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）When you use a computer, how do you get your cursor (光标) to go where you want it to go? “By using a mouse,” most people would say. But, back in the early days of computing, there were no mice. The user could only use the keyboard to get things done. The world’s first computer mouse appeared in 1964. It was created by Douglas Engelbart, a scientist in California. The mouse looked like a wooden box with two metal (金属) wheels on the front and the left side and a single button on the top, Engelbart called it the “Bug”. But the long cable on the back made it look more like a “Mouse”, and the nickname quickly became popular and well known among users. Engelbart’s mouse looked simple, but it changed the way people used computers. The first improvement came eight years later, in 1972. Bill English, an American computer engineer, changed the wheels into a ball at the bottom of the mouse. The “Ball Mouse” was easier to use. It was such a success that it could be found in almost every office in the 1980s and 1990s. This product also had its problems, though. For example, dirt and dust would collect and jam the mouse over time, making it difficult to use. The next big change came in 1980. The optical mouse didn’t need the ball. But because it was more expensive, people didn’t widely use it until the early 2000s. The mouse has come a long way since Engelbart’s “Bug”. Thousands of scientists have tried their best to make more user-friendly mice. And now you may be thinking about how to make the computer mouse even better. What will mice look like in the future? 1．What can we know about the first mouse? A．It was only made of wood. B．It was important in computer using. C．Its name the “Bug” became famous. D．It was called “Mouse” by the inventor. 2．Which may be the mouse in Paragraph 3? A． B． C． D． 3．What does the underlined word “jam” mean in Paragraph 3? A．To let ... full of people. B．To push ... somewhere. C．To make ... unable to work. D．To get ... out of trouble. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The success of the mouse. B．The inventor of the mouse. C．The importance of the mouse. D．The development of the mouse. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了鼠标的发展历史。 1．推理判断题。根据“Engelbart’s mouse looked simple, but it changed the way people used computers.”可知，第一个鼠标改变了人们使用电脑的方式，因此第一个鼠标在电脑使用过程中很重要。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“The first improvement came eight years later, in 1972. Bill English, an American computer engineer, changed the wheels into a ball at the bottom of the mouse.”可知把鼠标底部的轮子变成了一个球，因此图片二符合。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“making it difficult to use”可知，灰尘会聚集在里面，导致鼠标不能工作。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了不同时间人们对鼠标的改进，也就是鼠标的发展史。故选D。 Passage 13 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）Dog-E is not the most amazing robot dog, but it gives each owner a pet dog different from all other robot pets. Before you turn on Dog-E, the instructions will show you how to build your robot dog with an app. It plays an important part in understanding what kind of robot dog you have. It asks you to give your robot dog a name, and then asks you about its ear color, eye shape and color The app can also tell you about your Dog-E’s personality. My Dog-E is full of energy, lively and sweet. The app tells the robot dog’s date of birth, and introduces what each tail color means (green is happy, red is not). With the app you can take part in activities and games with Dog-E. For example, the app lights up areas on Dog-E. You should touch Dog-E, and you have to touch each area in time to win. The app also allows you to type in messages that can appear when Dog-E moves its tail. I drew a pair of eyes in the app, hit play, and watched the picture appear in Dog-E’s moving tail. Next, I carefully wrote out “Hi” and then Dog-E perfectly replied it by moving its tail from side to side. Dog-E is strong enough. It can run into walls and chairs without damage, and even be fine after a four-year-old child lifts it by the tail. So it is a perfect toy for children (aged four and older) with interest in a dog but didn't quite understand how to play with it. Overall, you can easily operate Dog-E with an app. It could keep children and even adults playing with it for hours. It might not be long before Dog-E owners are meeting up in real dog parks to show off their own special pets. 1．What does the underlined “It” in paragraph 2 mean? ________ A．Dog-E. B．The app. C．The owner. D．The instruction. 2．What is paragraph 4 and 5 mainly about? ________ A．How to set up the robot pet. B．Ways to light up the robot dog. C．How to change Dog-E’s tail colour. D．Activities between Dog-E and its owner. 3．Which of the following is true about Dog-E? ________ A．Dog-E is always lively and sweet. B．When Dog-E is glad, its tail turns green. C．It can be an excellent friend for a 3-year-old child. D．You can create a birthday for Dog-E through the app. 4．What is the purpose of writing this passage? ________ A．To talk about future pets. B．To introduce a robot dog. C．To show how a robot dog works. D．To encourage people to buy robot pets. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了一种机器狗。 1． 代词指代题。根据“Before you turn on Dog-E, the instructions will show you how to build your robot dog with an app. It plays an important part in understanding what kind of robot dog you have. It asks you to give your robot dog a name, and then asks you about its ear color, eye shape and color”可知，在打开Dog-E之前，说明将向您展示如何使用应用程序构建机器狗。它在了解您拥有的机器狗类型方面起着重要作用。它会让你给你的机器狗取个名字，然后问你它的耳朵颜色、眼睛形状和颜色。所以这里的It指的是这款应用程序，故选B。 2．段落大意题。根据“With the app you can take part in activities and games with Dog-E.”和“The app also allows you to type in messages that can appear when Dog-E moves its tail.”可知，这两段主要讲述了Dog-E和它的主人之间的活动。故选D。 3． 细节理解题。根据“The app tells the robot dog’s date of birth, and introduces what each tail color means (green is happy, red is not).”可知，当Dog-E高兴时，它的尾巴变成绿色。故选B。 4．主旨大意。根据“Dog-E is not the most amazing robot dog, but it gives each owner a pet dog different from all other robot pets”和全文可知，本文主要介绍了一种机器狗。故选B。 Passage14 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）Everyone knows magic tricks are fun, but not enough people realize that math can be as well. Here is one of the most popular tricks to show you how amazing math can be. Firstly, pick a friend with good math skills. To play the trick, your friend needs to know how to add numbers and do subtraction (减法). Then, write down 1089 on a piece of paper without showing anyone. Thirdly, ask your friend to write down a number with three different digits (位数). Tell him not to show you the number. Make sure the three digits can not be the same. For example, he could pick 481. Next, let your friend write down the number backwards. For example, 481 backwards is 184. After that, make it into a subtraction problem. Now your friend has two numbers. Get him to subtract the smaller one from the larger one. In our example, the result should be 481-184＝297. If the result has only two digits, ask your friend to add a zero at the beginning. Next step, reverse this number as well. Ask your friend to take his answer and reverse the digits order again. If he added the zero at the beginning, remind him to include it as part of the number. For example, the reverse of 297 is 792. Here comes the most exciting part. As the final calculation, get your friend to add the last two numbers and write down the result. In our example, 792+297＝1089. Finally, tell everyone that you know the last number your friend wrote down. Show others the piece of paper with the 1089 you’ve written down earlier. In the trick, the last number will always be 1089. If your friend has a different answer, he did not follow instructions, or he made a mistake. 1．To play the trick, how many steps should you follow? ________ A．5. B．6. C．7. D．8. 2．If your friend got “99” after doing the subtraction, what did he need to do? ________ A．Go on with the other steps. B．Change the number into 099. C．Tell others the number he got. D．Choose another number to start again. 3．What’s the underlined word “reverse” in paragraph 7 mean? ________ A．To get something inside out. B．To turn something upside down. C．To turn or move something to one side. D．To change the order of something around. 4．Which is the best name for the math trick? ________ A．The 481 trick B．The 2 numbers trick C．The 1089 trick D．The subtraction trick 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了一个数学魔术，需要朋友进行一系列数字操作，最终得到的结果总是1089。通过这个魔术，展示了数学也可以很有趣。 1．细节理解题。根据“Firstly. . . Then. . . Thirdly. . . Next. . . After that. . . Next step…Here comes the most exciting part…Finally”可知，要遵循8步。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“If the result has only two digits, ask your friend to add a zero at the beginning.”可知，如果你的朋友做了减法后得到“99”，这是一个两位数，应该在两位数的开头加一个零，变成099。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“For example, the reverse of 297 is 792.”可知，297倒过来后是792，所以划线单词表示让某物的顺序颠倒过来。故选B。 4．标题归纳题。根据“In the trick, the last number will always be 1089. If your friend has a different answer, he did not follow instructions, or he made a mistake.”以及全文可知，本文主要介绍了1089戏法。故选C。 Passage15 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）Many people say that they have a bad memory, especially when they are older. How can we improve our memory? Many people think that repeating things is the best way to remember them. While this certainly helps short-term memory (remembering a telephone number for a few seconds, for example), psychologists (心理学家) aren’t sure whether it can help you remember things for very long. The British psychologist E.C． Stanford seemed to prove this point when he tested himself on five prayers (祈祷文), especially for remembering numbers, is grouping the information. The following numbers would be impossible for most of us to remember: 1492178919931848. But look at them in groups. According to experts, there are many ways of training your memory. Many of them involve forming a mental picture of the things to be memorized. One method, which may be useful in learning foreign languages, is to create a picture in your mind connected to a word you want to remember. Another method is to invent a story that includes all the things you want to remember. In experiments, people were asked to remember up to 120 words using this skill, when tested afterwards, they were able to recall 90% of them! However, not all of us are interested in learning long lists of names and numbers just for fun. For those studying a large amount of information, psychologists suggest that the best way to form meaningful connections is to ask yourself lots of questions as you go along. So, if you were reading about a special disease, you would ask yourself questions like: “Do people get it from water?” 1．Which of the following is TRUE about repeating things according to the passage? A．It helps short-term memory for sure. B．It helps to remember things for long. C．It makes remembering things interesting. D．It makes remembering prayers easily. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．experts B．ways C．pictures D．languages 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Creating a picture is useful in learning Maths. B．Inventing a prayer trains our memory quickly. C．Remembering long numbers is easy for people. D．Asking yourself questions is helpful for the memory. 4．What’s the purpose of this passage? A．To show that the writer’s memory is bad. B．To know some memory problems. C．To share some ways of improving memory. D．To teach some memory experiments. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何改善记忆力。 1．细节理解题。根据“Many people think that repeating things is the best way to remember them. While this certainly helps short-term memory (remembering a telephone number for a few seconds, for example), psychologists (心理学家) aren’t sure whether it can help you remember things for very long.”可知，重复有助于短期记忆。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“According to experts, there are many ways of training your memory. Many of them involve forming a mental picture of the things to be memorized.”可知，据专家介绍，有很多方法可以训练你的记忆力。其中很多都涉及到在脑海中形成要记忆的东西的画面。“them”在此指“方法”。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“For those studying a large amount of information, psychologists suggest that the best way to form meaningful connections is to ask yourself lots of questions as you go along.”可知，对于那些学习大量信息的人，心理学家建议，形成有意义的联系的最好方法是在学习过程中问自己很多问题。由此推知问自己问题对记忆有帮助。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Many people say that they have a bad memory, especially when they are older. How can we improve our memory?”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了一些提高记忆力的方法。故选C。 Passage16 （23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）We’d better know some culture shock in our lives, because every tradition can teach us something different about the country and its culture. Mexico No yellow roses Roses are great gifts to show feelings in the world. However, different colours of roses may have different meanings. In Mexico, it’s better to choose a traditional red rose but not a yellow one, because the yellow rose means death (死亡) in Mexican culture. Venezuela—Arriving late Venezuelans enjoy a relaxing life. When they’re joining a meeting or a party in Venezuela, it’s common for them to arrive a little late. The Middle East No left hands In many Middle Eastern countries, greeting someone or eating with one’s left hand is not polite or healthy. People there have special use of left hands after going to the bathroom, so they take the left hand as the dirty hand. 1．If you want to give roses as gifts to your Mexican friend, the colour should not be ________. A．pink B．red C．yellow D．white 2．What do people think of arriving late in Venezuela? A．Terrible. B．Usual. C．Serious. D．Impolite. 3．What can you do if you want to greet or eat with someone in the Middle East? A．Greet and eat with your right hand. B．Greet and eat with your left hand. C．Greet with your right hand and eat with your left hand. D．Greet with your left hand and eat with your right hand. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了不同国家的文化差异和文化冲击。 1．细节理解题。根据“In Mexico, it’s better to choose a traditional red rose but not a yellow one, because the yellow rose means death (死亡) in Mexican culture.”可知不能送黄玫瑰作为礼物，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“When they’re joining a meeting or a party in Venezuela, it’s common for them to arrive a little late.”可知迟到一点很常见，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“greeting someone or eating with one’s left hand is not polite or healthy”可知和中东的人打招呼或吃饭都要用右手，故选A。 Passage 17 （24-25八年级上·广东广州·期末模拟预测）①Trees are one of the oldest plants of our Earth. They keep our air clean, make less noise pollution, make water cleaner and provide (提供) food and building materials (材料). ②Just like us, trees change (改变) a lot as they grow. At one to three years old, young trees learn how to protect (保护) themselves. For example, many trees grow thorns (刺) to stop animals to go near. ③At the age of four years old, trees begin to grow very quickly and become strong enough to face many difficulties later in life. At the age of 15, trees become young adults. They grow more slowly and begin to produce flowers and fruit (开花结果). ④When the tree is 20 to 25 years old, it becomes a real adult. The tree reaches its largest size. Not only does the adult tree gives us shade, oxygen and natural beauty (树荫、氧气和大自然之美), it is also a great place for a tree house, or a place for us to read a book, listen to music and so on. If the adult tree can have a good care, it will go on to live healthily for many years. ⑤Little by little, trees begin to grow older and older and even die. At this time, they still have their important place in nature (大自然). When a tree becomes hollow (空心的) or part of it becomes dead, it becomes a home to small animals and is a source (来源) of food for many other animals. ⑥In many ways, the life of a tree is similar to our own life experience. When looking at the life of a tree, we learn about that each period (时期) of life brings its own kind of happiness and difficulties. Enjoy every minute of the life of it and take care of the trees! 1．From the passage, we know trees learn to protect themselves at the age of ________. A．1—3 years old B．4 years old C．15 years old D．20—25 years old 2．According to the passage, which of the following is the right order? ①Grow more slowly.  ②Become a real adult.  ③Grow thorns to protect himself. ④Grow older and die.  ⑤Produce flowers and fruit. A．②①③④⑤ B．③⑤①②④ C．①③⑤②④ D．③①⑤②④ 3．What can we infer (推测) from this passage? A．You can find flowers and fruit on young adult trees. B．Older trees can make great places for people to rest. C．An adult tree can live long and well if we all learn how to protect them. D．The life of the tree is the same as the life of people. 4．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了树木成长的过程，详细阐述了它们在每个时期对于人类和自然的贡献。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“At one to three years old, young trees learn how to protect (保护) themselves.”可知，一到三岁时，树木学会如何保护自己。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“At one to three years old...many trees grow thorns (刺) to stop animals to go near”，第三段“At the age of 15...They grow more slowly and begin to produce flowers and fruit (开花结果).”，第四段“When the tree is 20 to 25 years old, it becomes a real adult.”和第五段“Little by little, trees begin to grow older and older and even die.”可知，正确的顺序是③①⑤②④。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“If the adult tree can have a good care, it will go on to live healthily for many years.”可知，如果成年的树能得到很好的照顾，它会健康地活很多年。由此推知，如果我们都学会如何保护树木，那么一棵成年树可以活得又长又好。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。第一段用于引出话题；第二至五段介绍了树木在每个时期对于人类和自然的贡献；第六段总结全文。故选B。 Passage 18 （24-25八年级上·广东广州·期末模拟预测）We sometimes say the lion is “the king of the forest” because it is stronger and more dangerous than the other animals. It can run faster than most other animals and it can hunt other beasts. It is said that the lion is the highest animal in the land food chain (链). In the sea, people say the shark is at the top of the food chain. It can swim faster than most of the other sea animals. It can also use its sharp teeth to catch other sea animals and eat them. What is at the top of the world’s food chain? Human beings! We are not the biggest or fastest, but we are the cleverest. We could not run faster than most animals, so we invented cars. We could not fight better than a lion, we invented guns. People’s inventions are clever, but they can be dangerous, too. For example, people used guns to kill a lot of wild wolves. People thought they posed a threat to their sheep. But m recent years, the number of wild rabbits is becoming larger and larger because the number of wild wolves is getting smaller and smaller. The wild rabbits competed for the grass with the sheep and the cows, much of the grassland became desert because it was seriously destroyed by the wild rabbits. Remember that we are part of the food chain, so we are in danger. too! Protecting animals is protecting ourselves! 1．________ is at the top of the food chain in the sea. A．The shark B．The lion C．Human beings D．The dolphin 2．People’s inventions can be sometimes dangerous because ________. A．they can kill a lot of wild wolves B．they can destroy the food chain C．they can destroy the grassland D．they can make wild rabbits grow bigger and bigger 3．What does the underlined word “threat” refer to? A．猎物 B．威胁 C．同类 D．契机 4．What’s the purpose of this passage? A．To tell people who is at the top of the food chain. B．To discuss why human beings invented cars and guns. C．To show the importance of wild wolves. D．To make us pay more attention to what we do to the animals. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了狮子是陆地食物链的顶端，鲨鱼是海洋食物链的顶端，而整个世界食物链的顶端是人类。人类是食物链的一部分，我们要注意保护动物，才能维持生态平衡。 1．细节理解题。根据“In the sea, people say the shark is at the top of the food chain.”可知，海洋中鲨鱼是食物链的顶端。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据短文第二段举的例子可知，人们用枪杀死了很多野狼。近年来，因为野狼的数量越来越少，野兔的数量增多，由于野兔的严重破坏，许多草原变成了沙漠。由此可知人们破坏了生物链。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据语境“For example, many years ago in Inner Mongolia, people used guns to kill a lot of wild wolves. People thought they posed a threat to their sheep.”可知，人们用枪杀死野狼，因为人们觉得狼对羊来说是一个威胁。threat“威胁”。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据文意和短文最后一段“Remember that we are part of the food chain, so we are in danger, too! If we love animals, we are loving ourselves.”我们是食物链的一部分！爱护动物，就是爱护我们自己。由此可知，这篇短文是为了让我们更多的关注动物。故选D。 Passage 19 （24-25八年级上·广东广州·期末模拟预测） Hey gamers, did you hear about Black Myth: Wukong, the new game that’s quite popular? On the day it came out, over 1.6 million players were playing it online—more than Counter-Strike 2, Dota 2, and Elden Ring. This game is special because it shows the world how creative Chinese game makers are and how interesting Chinese culture can be. You might know Dota and Dota 2. They have a fantastic world with heroes (英雄) like Monkey King, but most of their other heroes come from the old stories from Europe. ▲ . It’s called Honor of Kings. Many of its heroes come from Chinese history and legends (传说). Now, Black Myth: Wukong is even more exciting because it’s the first AAA games with Chinese legends in a video game. This is special for many gamers who are interested in Chinese legends. Set in a world full of traditional (传统的) Chinese legends, Black Myth: Wukong shows the beauty of ancient (古代的) China. The hero, Wukong is from one of the four classic (经典的) Chinese books, Journey to the West. Players will travel to different places, from green woods to dark caves, each with different monsters (妖怪). The game is popular both in China and in other countries. Many players from other countries even start reading the book, Journey to the West. Some of them post videos online, saying how wonderful the game is and how interesting Chinese culture is. Making a game like Black Myth: Wukong takes a lot of time and money. But it was worth (值得的) it. By the end of the first day, over 3 million copies were sold on Steam. The result shows that there’s a big interest in Chinese legends in gaming, and we might see more in the future. 1．How many players were online playing Black Myth: Wukong on the first day? A．1.6 million. B．3 million. C．Over 1.6 million. D．Over 3 million. 2．Which of the following can be put in the ▲ ? A．Also, almost all the Chinese game players enjoyed playing a game. B．However, then an exciting game made a difference to the gaming world. C．There was another game also full of heroes from European old stories. D．Unluckily, some western game players didn’t like a game at all. 3．Which is true about Black Myth: Wukong? A．It’s not easy to make a game like Black Myth: Wukong. B．Black Myth: Wukong is only popular among Chinese players. C．Fans say some bad things online about Black Myth: Wukong. D．Players will meet the same monsters in different places. 4．What does this passage mainly talk about? A．Heroes from Chinese history and legends. B．A video game that is difficult to make. C．Popular video games around the world. D．A new popular game with Chinese legends. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了游戏《黑色神话：悟空》。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“On the day it came out, over 1.6 million players were playing it online”可知，在发售当天，超过160万玩家在线玩《黑色神话：悟空》。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据上文“You might know Dota and Dota 2. They have a fantastic world with heroes like Monkey King, but most of their other heroes come from the old stories from Europe.”和下文“It’s called Honor of Kings. Many of its heroes come from Chinese history and legends.”可知，文章提到Dota和Dota 2这两款游戏，虽然它们有像孙悟空这样的英雄，但大部分英雄来自欧洲古老的故事；此处存在一个转折，即虽然有些游戏包含了中国元素，但并非完全基于中国文化和故事，所以这里应该介绍一款改变这种状况的游戏；选项B“然而，后来一款令人兴奋的游戏改变了游戏世界。”符合语境。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Making a game like Black Myth: Wukong takes a lot of time and money.”可知，制作像《黑色神话：悟空》这样的游戏需要花费大量时间和金钱；据此可以推断，制作像《黑色神话：悟空》这样的游戏并不容易。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了新游戏《黑神话：悟空》的受欢迎程度，强调了它展示了中国游戏制作人的创意和中国文化的魅力，以及它在全球范围内的广泛影响。故选D。 Passage 20 （24-25八年级上·广东广州·期末模拟预测） How can we relax after busy workdays? Walking through the city streets at weekends is now a new favourite among young people in China. It is called Citywalk. People can take a Citywalk on their own or by following a tour guide. They usually don’t go to famous shopping centres. Instead, they go to small shops or restaurants, take a close look at old buildings and know about the history and culture of the city. Many Citywalkers love to share their routes (路线) with others, including how long the walk will take and what beautiful places they will see along the way. It is helpful to others who also want to take a Citywalk. Nan Xi, a girl from Beijing, moved to Shanghai not long ago. One day, when she went online (在线) to find something interesting to do on weekends, she got to know about Citywalk. “I think Shanghai is a wonderful city to take a Citywalk. There are big trees along the streets and shops selling different things. It’s great for friends to walk together and take photos,” she said. She decided to have a try. She had a two-hour Citywalk tour. During the tour, the guide talked about the history of the buildings and streets along the way. “I enjoyed the trip that day. It gave me a better understanding of how Western and local cultures mix together in Shanghai. I can’t wait to take another Citywalk,” she said. Take a Citywalk at weekends! Enjoy the beauty of your city in a new way! 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By showing an answer. D．By giving an example. 2．What can people do when they take a Citywalk according to the passage? A．Go to big shops or restaurants. B．Visit famous shopping centres. C．Know about the culture of the city. D．Take a close look at modern buildings. 3．What can we know about Nan Xi from paragraph 4? A．She knew about Citywalk on TV. B．She moved to Beijing not long ago. C．She wanted to take another Citywalk. D．She had a three-hour tour around Shanghai. 4．The writer writes the passage to advise people to _________. A．share routes on the Internet B．take photos while walking C．make plans before travelling D．enjoy weekends in a new way 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要文介绍了在中国年轻人中流行的一种活动——Citywalk (城市漫步)。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“How can we relax after busy workdays?”可知，作者以一个问题开始了文章。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“People can take a Citywalk on their own or by following a tour guide. They usually don’t go to famous shopping centers. Instead, they go to small shops or restaurants, take a close look at old buildings and know about the history and culture of the city.”可知，人们在城市漫步时，通常不去著名的购物中心；人们会去小商店或餐馆，近距离观察老建筑，了解城市的历史和文化。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Nan Xi, a girl from Beijing, moved to Shanghai not long ago. One day, when she went online to find something interesting to do on weekends, she got to know about Citywalk.”可知，来自北京的南希，不久前搬到了上海；她上网寻找周末有趣的事情时，了解到了Citywalk，因此选项A“她通过电视了解到了Citywalk。”和选项B“她不久前搬到了北京。”与原文不符；根据第四段“She had a two-hour Citywalk tour.”可知，这次城市漫步持续两个小时，选项D“她在上海游览了三个小时。”与原文不符；根据“I can’t wait to take another Citywalk,”可知，她期待着再一次城市漫步，选项C“她想再来一次城市漫步。”符合原文。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。综合全文，尤其是最后一段“Take a Citywalk at weekends! Enjoy the beauty of your city in a new way!”可知，本文介绍了一种新的周末休闲放松的活动方式——城市漫步；据此可知，作者写本文的目的就是为了介绍这种新的运动休闲方式，号召大家以一种新的方式度过周末、享受城市之美！故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$