Unit 2 Great people（知识清单）英语牛津译林版九年级下册

Module1 Unit 2 Great people Unit2 核心话题 名人 重点词汇 1. inventor n.发明者→invent vt.发明 →invention n.发明物;创意 2.explorer n.探险家; 探险者;考察者 →explore vt.探索;探讨 3. fighter n.斗士,战斗者;战斗机 →fight v.打架;对抗;斗争 →fight n.斗争;打斗;比赛 →fighting n.打架;对抗;拼搏 4. Italian n.意大利人;意大利语 →Italian adj.意大利(人)的;意大利语的 →Italy n.意大利 5. European n.欧洲人 →European adj.欧洲(人)的 →Europe n.欧洲 6. Russian n.俄罗斯人;俄语 →(复数)Russians →Russian adj.俄罗斯(人)的;俄语的 →Russia n.俄罗斯 7.serve vi.&vt.服役;服务,招待;为...服务; →service n.服务;工作 →server n.服务生 →servant n.佣人;仆人 8. test vt.测试;检验 →test n.测试;试验 →tester n.测试员 9. order n. 命令,指挥,要求;顺序;订单 →order v.命令;点(菜);整理;订购 →orderly adj.有秩序的,整齐的 10. land v.(使)着陆，(使)降落 →land n.陆地;土地;国家 →landing n.登陆;着陆 →landscape n.风景，景观 11. further adj.更多的,更进一步的 →further adv.更远;进一步 →furthest adj.最远的 →furthest adv.最远→farther adj.更远的 →farther adv.更远 →farthest adj.最远的 →farthest adv.最远 12. pride n.骄傲;可引以为豪的人(或物) →proud adj.自豪的，骄傲的 →proudly adv.骄傲地;自大地 13. scientist n.科学家 →science n.科学;学科 →scientific adj.科学的 14.professor n.教授 →professional adj. 专业的；职业的 15. discovery n.发现;发现物 →discover v.发现，找到，查明 重点短语 1.hear of = hear about 听说 2.the pioneer of ......的先驱 3.the right of .....的权利 4.be/become interested in doing sth. 对......感兴趣/开始对做某事感兴趣 5.take one's first flight 第一次飞行 6.at the age of = when sb. be +年龄(基数词) 在……岁时 7.be chosen to do sth. 被选来做什么 8.do sth. for the first time 第一次做..... 9.for the first time 首次；初次 10.on one’s way back to 在某人返回.的路上 11.on one's way(to)+地点 在某人去……的路上 12.out of control失去控制→(反义短语) under control 处于控制之下 13.bring down (使飞机)降落 14.land on..... 在......着陆 15.step onto 步入；踏上 16.on the surface of 在......的表面 17.be presented with sth. 被授予 18.be the pride of 是.....的骄傲 19.be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事 20.make a lot of noise 制造许多噪音 21.the bottom of sth. ......的底部 22.work out 解决，计算出；制订出 23.be used for doing sth. = be used to do sth. 被用于做某事 24.work on 致力于；从事 25.leave for+地点 动身去某地 26.search for information 搜索信息 27.by hand 手工 28.with the invention of… 随着……的发明 重点句型 1.I’ve never heard of him. 我从未听说过他。 2.He became interested in flying when he took his first flight at the age of six. 当他六岁第一次乘坐飞机时，他开始对飞行感兴趣。 3. They managed to join two spacecraft together for the first time in space. 他们成功地将两个航天器在太空首次交会对接。 4. They managed to join two spacecraft together for the first time in space. 他们成功地将两个航天器在太空首次交会对接。 5. He said the famous words “one small step for (a) man, one giant leap for mankind” as he stepped out onto the Moon’s surface. 当他走上月球表面时，他说了著名的话“一个人的一小步，人类的一大步”。 6. He was the pride of the whole world. 他是全世界的骄傲。 语法 六种基本时态 写作 “介绍名人” 考点1 do you think 意为“你认为” [教材原句]1.Who do you think is the greatest person in history, Eddie? 埃迪, 你认为谁是历史上最伟大的人？ 【知识梳理】do you think 意为“你认为”，在句中是插入部分，放在特殊疑问词后。 混合疑问句的句式：特殊疑问词＋do you think（或其他表示心里活动的词）＋陈述语序。可以用于这一结构的动词还有believe，imagine，suppose等。（“陈述语序”非常重要） E.g. What do you think makes her sad? 你认为什么使他难过？ What food do you think is healthy ? 你认为什么食物是健康？ What do you think I can do? 你认为我能做什么？ How much do you think this car cost? 你认为这车值多少钱? 【经典练】 1．—Who do you think is the hero of our nation? —Qian Xuesen. He’s such a great scientist that I ________ him as the standard of excellence. A．look for B．look after C．look up to D．look forward to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你认为谁是我们国家的英雄？——钱学森。他是一位如此伟大的科学家，我把他视为优秀的标准。考查动词短语。look for寻找；look after照看；look up to仰慕；look forward to期待。根据“He’s such a great scientist”可知，钱学森是一位伟大的科学家，所以此处指仰慕。故选C。 考点2 hear of “听说” [教材原句]2.I’ve never heard of him. 我从没听说过他。 【知识梳理】hear of 意为“听说”，强调从别人那里间接得知，也可用作hear about。 E.g. I don’t know the writer, but I have heard of him. 我从不认识这位作家，但听说过他。 I have never heard of him. Who is he? 我从未听说过他，他是谁。 常用短语： hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 hear sb. do sth. 表示“听到某人做了某事”（强调听见了整个过程） hear sb. doing sth. 表示“听到某人正在做某事”（强调的是正在听，表进行） hear +that从句 E.g. I heard that he had gone to his hometown. 我听说他回家乡去了。 【拓展】大多数的感官动作(如see、watch、notice等)都可以用于这两种结构。 【经典练】 1．I’m look forward to ________ you. A．hear from B．hearing from C．hear of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我很期待收到你的来信。 考查动名词作宾语。hear from收到……的来信，动词原形；hearing from收到……的来信，动名词短语；hear of听说，动词原形。look forward to doing sth表示“期待做某事”，根据空格后的“you”可知此处应是表示“收到你的来信”，应用动词短语hear from，因此应填入hearing from。故选B。 2．—Did you ________ Bill last month? —No, we didn’t. We all ________ him very much. A．hear from; miss B．hear of; miss C．hear from; look forward D．hear of; look forward 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——上个月你们收到比尔的信了吗？——不，我们没有。我们都非常想念他。 考查动词短语。heard from收到……的来信；heard of听说；miss想念；look forward期待。根据“No, we didn’t. We all ... him very much.”及语境可知，应是没有收到比尔的来信，所以很想念他，第一空用heard from，第二空用miss。故选A。 考点3 inventor n. 发明家 [教材原句]3.He is an inventor. He invented my favourite food. 他是一位发明家。他发明了我最喜爱的食物。 【知识梳理】inventor n. 发明家 invent v. 发明 invention n. 发明物 invent, discover, find, find out辨析 invent 发明 表示发明了以前没有或不存在的事物。 Edison invented the light bulb. 爱迪生发明了灯泡。 discover 发现 指发现已经存在但不为人所知道的事物,有时也指认识到某种情况。 Scientists have discovered that the disease is carried by rats.科学家发现这种疾病是老鼠传播的。 find 发现 通过寻找发现某人、某物。 They found the lost boy in the cave. 他们在山洞里发现了那个走丢的男孩。 find out 查明 指经过观察、调查把某事、某物查出来、搞清楚、弄明白。 Can you find out whether there are any seats left? 你能查到是否还有座位剩下吗？ 【经典练】 1．The inventor has invented many________ in his life. A．inventions B．inventor C．inventors D．invention 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这个发明家一生中发明了许多发明。 考查名词辨析及可数名词的复数形式。inventions发明，名词，复数形式；inventor发明家，名词，单数形式；inventors发明家，名词，复数形式；invention发明，名词，单数形式。根据句意可知，此处表达的是“发明”，前面有“many”修饰，因此应用复数形式；故选A。 2．An ________ is someone who has invented things or whose job is inventing things. A．inventor B．artist C．engineer 【答案】A 【详解】句意： 发明家是一个发明了某些东西的人，或其工作是发明某些东西的人。 考查名词辨析。inventor发明家；artist艺术家；engineer工程师。根据“someone who has invented things”可知是指发明家，故选A。 考点4 interested [教材原句]4. He became interested in flying when he took his first Tight at the age of six. become/be interested in “对…….感兴趣” = “take/have an interest in”. interested 形容词 “感兴趣的”，作表语，主语是人 be interested in(doing) I am interested in English. interesting 形容词 “有趣的”，作表语或定语，主语是物 The book is very interesting. interest 名词 “兴趣”作主宾语 take/have interest in 对...感兴趣 His main interests are reading and playing the piano. 【经典练】 1．________ history books I read, ________ I am in history. A．The less; the more interesting B．The fewer; the more interested C．The more; the more interested D．The more; the more interesting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我读的历史书越多，我对历史就越感兴趣。 考查形容词辨析和比较级。less更少的；fewer更少的；more更多的；interesting有趣的；interested感兴趣的。根据选项可知，是固定句式“the+比较级，the+比较级”，结合常识可知，应是表示读的书越多就越感兴趣，第一空用more；后半句主语是“I”，指人，用interested。故选C。 2．This talent show is much ________ than that one. A．interesting B．interested C．more interesting D．more interested 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个才艺表演比那个有趣得多。 考查形容词辨析及比较级。interesting有趣的，修饰物；interested（感到）有趣的，修饰人；more interesting更有趣的，修饰物；more interested（感到）更有趣的，修饰人。根据“This talent show is much …than that one.”可知，此句是两者之间比较，且修饰的是物，应用interesting的比较级more interesting。故选C。 考点5 join [教材原句]5.Armstrong joined the navy in 1949 and served as a pilot for three years. ① join+组织/团体，表示“加入到某个组织中并成为其中一员”。He joined the army in 1990. ② join+sb. (in sth.)表示“加入到某些人当中去”。Would you like to join us in the computer game? ③ join in表示参加某种活动，相当于take part in。College students join in many activities after class. 【经典练】 1．— Would you please ________ the meeting, Cindy? — I’ll be glad to, but I have an after-school activity to ________. A．join; take part in B．take part in; join in C．attend; take part in D．attend; join 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——辛迪，你愿意参加会议吗？——我很乐意，但是我要参加一个课外活动。 考查动词辨析。join指参加某一党派、团体或组织，成为其中的成员；take part in指参加群众性的活动、竞赛、运动等；join in指参加活动；attend指出席或参加会议、仪式等。第一空后为“meeting”，故应用动词attend，A、B选项可排除。第二空指参加课后活动，故应用动词短语take part in，故选C。 2．—When did you ________ the school rowing team? —Last week. I’m going to ________ the rowing game next month. A．take part in; join B．join; join C．join; take part in 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你什么时候加入学校划船队的？——上周。我下个月将去参加划船比赛。 考查动词和动词短语辨析。take part in参加，通常表参加活动或比赛；join加入，通常指加入某个团体，并成为其中一员。根据第一空后的“the school rowing team”可知，此处表示的是加入划船队这个团体，join符合题意；根据第二空后的“the rowing game”可知，此处是指参加划船比赛，take part in符合题意。故选C。 考点6 manage [教材原句]6. He and David Scott managed to join two spacecraft together for the first time in space. manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”，指经过努力达到了目的，强调结果。 Lily managed to get the driving licence and she was very happy. 【经典练】 1．Middle School students should learn ________ time and make good use of every minute. A．manage B．managing C．manages D．to manage 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中学生应该学会安排时间，并且好好利用每一分钟。 考查非谓语动词。learn to do sth.表示“学会做某事”，此处用动词不定式作宾语，故选D。 2．After weeks of practice, Nick finally managed ________ the difficult math problem. A．complete B．completing C．to complete 【答案】C 【详解】句意：经过几周的练习，Nick最终成功解决了这个困难的数学问题。 考查非谓语动词。manage to do sth.表示“设法完成某事”。故选C。 考点7 on one's way to....“在某人去……的路上” [教材原句]7.However, on their way back to the Earth, the spacecraft began spinning out of control. 1）on one's way back to...“在某人返回……的途中”。 on one's way to....“在某人去……的路上”。此结构中，to为介词，其后接副词时，应省略介词to。 Let's wait a few minutes.He's on his way back home. 2）control用作名词或者动词，意为“控制”，常用的词组有beyond control“难以控制”，in control of“处于控制地位”，out of control“失去控制的”，under control“被控制” 【经典练】 1．We ________ many flowers ________ my way to school yesterday morning. A．saw, in B．see, on C．saw, on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天早上在上学的路上我们看到了许多花。 考查动词时态和介词辨析。根据“yesterday morning”可知本句是一般过去时，排除B选项；in在……里面；on在……上面。on one’s way to“在去……的路上”。故选C。 2．—I'm sorry I have no notebooks. —Oh, it doesn't matter. ________, don't forget to buy a notebook ________ to school next time. A．By the way; on your way B．In the way; on your way C．On the way; in the way D．In this way; in the way 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——对不起，我没有笔记本。——哦，没关系。顺便说一下，下次去学校的路上别忘了买一个笔记本。考查介词短语。by the way顺便说一下；on one's way to ...在去……的路上；in the way妨碍；on the way在路上；in this way用这种方法。根据“don't forget to buy a notebook ... to school next time”可推出这是顺便说的一句话，第一空用By the way；再由“to school”可推出是在去上学的路上买笔记本，第二空用on your way。故选A。 考点8.order “命令” [教材原句]8.Armstrong received the order to cut the flight short. 1) order 意为“命令”，可以用作名词或者动词。If you make any more noise I’ll order you out of the room. ①order 名词或者动词，意为“订单，订货”。This is an order for five hundred bags. ②order 名词，意为“次序，顺序”。Please put them in the right order. 2) cut..short “缩短”。We'll have to cut our visit short,as we have to get back before dark. 3) cut（...)short的其他用法： ①剪短I would like a change,maybe have my hair cut short. ②突然停止；中断Their conversation was cut short by the telephone ring. 【经典练】 1．We need to do morning exercises every day ________ keep healthy. A．so that B．such that C．in order to D．in order that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了保持健康，我们需要每天做早操。 考查动词不定式作目的状语。so that以便，后接从句；such that如此……以至于；in order to为了，后接动词原形；in order that以便，后接从句。根据“keep healthy”可知，空格后是动词原形，C项符合。故选C。 2．—________? —I’d like gongbao chicken and some mapo tofu. A．May I take you order B．What do you like C．Do you like something to eat D．Would you like some juice 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你要点餐吗？——我想要宫保鸡丁和麻婆豆腐。 考查情景交际。May I take your order你要点餐吗；What do you like你喜欢什么；Do you like something to eat你想要点吃的吗；Would you like some juice你想要点果汁吗。根据“I’d like gongbao chicken and some mapo tofu.”可知此处是服务员询问客人是否要点餐，选项A符合语境。故选A。 考点9.bring down“降落” [教材原句]9.He successfully brought the spacecraft down into the western Pacific Ocean. bring down“（使飞机）降落”，是“动词十副词”短语，代词作宾语，应放在bring和down之间。 The pilot managed to bring down the plane safely. bring down的其他用法： ①减少（价格）；使跌落Sellers at last agreed to bring down the prices by 5%. ②打垮；击败 Even the failure did not bring him down. 【经典练】 1．Liu Changjian, the command pilot of Sichuan Airlines Flight 3U8633, successfully ________ down the plane last month. A．has brought B．will bring C．brought D．bring 【答案】C 【详解】句意：四川航空公司3U8633航班的飞行员刘长健上个月成功地降落了飞机。 考查动词时态辨析题。bring down使（某物或某人）掉下，降落。last month上个月，用于一般过去时，bring的过去式是brought，根据句意语境，可知选C。 2．With much effort, the pilot managed ______ the plane down in a field. A．bring B．to bring C．bringing D．brought 【答案】B 【详解】句意：飞行员费了很大劲才把飞机降落在田野里。考查非谓语动词。bring带来，原形； to bring带来，不定式；bringing带来，现在分词；brought带来，过去式。短语manage to do sth.表示设法去做某事，努力做某事；根据题意，故选B。 考点10 with [教材原句] 10.Together with Buzz Aldrin, he landed the spacecraft Apollo on the Moon. 1） with作介词，with sb意为“和谁在一起”，与后面的某人构成介词短语，作伴随状语，不影响谓语动词的形式。 Jim lives with his grandmother. 【拓展】 “主谓一致” ①有一类连接词，其后的谓语动词要与连接词前一部分的主语保持一致。 此类连接词有together with,with,along with,as well as,besides,like,without,except（but），including等。 No one except（but)me knows about this news.除了我，没有人知道这个消息。 ②还有另一类连接词，句中的谓语动词要与靠近的主语保持一致。此类接词有or，either.…or..,neither..nor..…not only...but also...等。 Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 2） land可作及物动词，也作不及物动词， ①.land及物动词，“使上岸，使登陆，使到达”。The pilot landed the plane. ②land不及物动词，“靠岸，登陆，登岸，到达”。The spaceship landed safely. 【经典练】 1．—Dad, can I fill the box ________ my model planes?    —I’m afraid not. It’s full ________ my books.. A．of, with B．with, of C．of, of D．with, with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我可以把这个盒子装满我的模型飞机吗？——恐怕不行。里面全是我的书。 考查介词辨析。of……的；with和。根据“can I fill the box...my model planes?”可知，此处应用短语fill...with...“用……装满……”，所以第一空应填介词with；根据“It’s full...my books.”可知，此处应用形容词短语be full of“充满……”，所以第二空应填介词of。故选B。 2．Jimmy phoned his mother and told her that he was quite good ________ chopsticks (筷子) in Nanjing and that she should be free ________ worries. A．at; from B．with; with C．with; from D．at; with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：吉米给他妈妈打电话，告诉她自己在南京已经能很熟练地使用筷子了，让妈妈不要担心。 考查形容词短语。be good at“擅长于……”，侧重表示某人在某项技能，学科，活动等方面有较高的水平；be good with“擅长于……”，强调在使用某种工具，与某人相处或处理事务方面很熟练；be free from“免于……”；be free with“直爽，坦白”由题意可知，第一空侧重表示吉米熟练使用筷子，第二空指的是让妈妈不要担心。故选C。 考点11 pride“骄傲” [教材原句] 11.He was the pride of the whole world. pride表示“骄傲”，take pride in“对……感到骄傲”，相当于be proud of。 The man is proud of his past achievements.=The man takes pride in his past achievements. 【经典练】 1．His family are ________ of him, that is to say, he is the ________ of his family. A．proud, proud B．pride, proud C．proud, pride 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他的家庭以他为荣，也就是说，他是家庭的骄傲。 考查名词和形容词辨析。proud骄傲的，自豪的，形容词；pride骄傲，名词。根据“are...of him”可知，此处是be proud of“为……而自豪”，形容词短语，故排除B；根据“he is the...of his family.”可知，此处表示他是他家的骄傲，此处应使用名词“pride”。故选C。 2．Nowadays China has done well in many fields. We really ________ our amazing China. A．keep away from B．come up with C．take pride in D．look up to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如今，中国在许多领域都做得很好。我们真的为我们神奇的中国感到骄傲。 考查动词短语。keep away from远离；come up with想出；take pride in以……为傲；look up to尊敬。根据“Nowadays China has done well in many fields.”可知，是以中国为傲，故选C。 考点12 work on“致力于；从事”。 [教材原句] I am working on a history project this week. work on“致力于；从事”。 ①继续工作；不断工作The director worked on in the office until ten o'clock last night. ②对……发生影响；对……起作用The doctor told him that this kind of medicine may work on him. 【经典练】 1．—You look so tired, Tom. What’s the matter? —I ________ on the project (项目) for one whole night without rest. A．work B．am working C．worked D．have worked 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你看起来很累，汤姆。你怎么了？——我在这个项目上工作了一整晚，没有休息。 考查动词时态。根据“for one whole night”可知，此处是“for+一段时间”，应该用现在完成时，结构为have/has done，主语为I，助动词用have，故选D。 2．They _________ the maths problem when I came in. A．worked on B．were working on C．were working D．were working for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我进来的时候他们正在做这道数学题。 考查过去进行时及动词短语。worked on从事于；were working on从事于，过去进行时；were working工作，过去进行时；were working for为……工作，过去进行时。根据“when I came in”可知，此处表示过去某个时间点发生的事，应用过去进行时，排除A；根据“the maths problem”可知，此处表示“做数学题”，应用work on，故选B。 考点13 leave [教材原句] I am leaving for Shanghai tonight. ①“leave for+地点” “动身去某地”。I'm leaving for Dalian tomorrow. ②“leave+地点+for+另一地点” “离开某地前往另一个地方”。He left Paris for London yesterday. ③leave “遗留，遗赠”，后可接双宾语，leave sb.sth.“留给某人某物”。 leave sth.to sb. She left her daughter one million dollars.=She left one million dollars to her daughter. ④leave接复合宾语，“使……处于……状态”。其复合宾语中的补语可以由形容词、介词（短语）、名词等来充当。 ⑤leave“忘了带；丢下”，其后可接地点状语。I've left my bag on the bus. ⑥leave名词，意为“假期”。a six-week leave 一个6周的假期 ask for leave请假 【经典练】 1．The Greens ________ for Xi’an by plane at 5 this afternoon. They ________ for a taxi now. A．leave; wait B．are leaving; wait C．leave; will wait D．are leaving; are waiting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：格林一家今天下午5点乘飞机去西安。他们现在正在等出租车。 考查时态。第一空考查现在进行时，表示将来计划好的事情，故用“are leaving”；第二空根据“now”可知，应用现在进行时，故用“are waiting”。故选D。 2．Tom shouted, “The apple is brown. You had better ________ it in the air.” A．don’t leave B．not leave C．not leaving D．not to leave 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆大喊：“这苹果成棕色了，我最好不要把它留在空气中了。” 考查情态动词的用法。情态动词had better意为“最好”，其后加动词原形，had better (not) do sth.“最好（不）做某事”，根据“The apple is brown.”可知，应是最好不要把它留在空气中。故选B。 考点14 make a great difference“产生很大的影响” [教材原句] Many modern inventions have made a great difference in our lie. make a great difference“产生很大的影响”。make a difference to“对……产影响”。 It makes no difference to me. 这对我没什么影响。 【经典练】 1．—Have you noticed that Anna’s great progress in spoken English? —Yes. She sets us a good example. Hard work always ________. A．makes a deal B．makes a difference C．makes a problem 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你注意到安娜的口语提高了许多吗？——是的，她给我们树立了一个好榜样。努力总是会产生影响。考查动词短语。makes a deal达成协议；makes a difference有影响，有所不同；makes a problem出问题；根据“Anna’s great progress in spoken English”及句意，可知此处表示“有所不同，有影响”，故选B。 2．—Have you heard of a new technology about TV? —Yes. It’s “8K TV”. I believe that it will make a great ________ to people’s life. A．surprise B．progress C．difference D．choice 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你听说过电视的一项新技术吗?——是的。这是“8 k电视”。我相信这会给人们的生活带来很大的不同。考查名词辨析，surprise惊喜；progress进步；difference差别；choice选择。固定短语：make a great difference“有很大差别；有很大的影响”，符合语境“给人们的生活带来很大的不同”。故选C。 考点15 by hand用手 [教材原句]In the past, people washed their clothes by hand. by hand表示“用手、手工的” give sb. a hand帮助某人 hand in hand手拉手 on the one (other) hand 一方面（另一方面） shake hands (with) （与……）握手 hand in 上交 hand out 分发 【经典练】 1．—Did you buy a birthday cake yesterday? —No, I didn’t. I ________ one ________ hand. A．make; with B．make; by C．made; by 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你昨天买生日蛋糕了吗？——不，我没有。我手工制作了一个。 考查动词时态以及介词用法。by hand“用手”，根据“Did”可知，“做蛋糕”是发生在过去，所以第一空用动词过去式，故选C。 2．This pair of shoes ________ hand, and it ________ very comfortable. A．is made with; is felt B．are made by; is felt C．are made of; feels D．is made by; feels 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这双鞋是手工做的，感觉很舒服。 考查主谓一致和感官动词。根据“This pair of shoes”可知，this pair of+名词复数作主语，谓语动词使用单数，故排除BC选项；感官动词feel没有被动语态，故排除A选项。故选D。 考点16 as...as possible “尽可能..….地” [教材原句]Help Millie complete her notes with as much information as you can. as... sb.can/could=as...as possible “尽可能..….地”。 I speak English as much as possible every day.=I speak English as much as I can everyday. as much time as possible=as much time as you can 尽可能多的时间 as soon as possible=as soon as you can尽快地 as often as possible=as often as you can尽可能经常地 as quickly as possible=as quickly as you can尽快地 【经典练】 1．The students want to finish their homework as ________ as possible. A．quick B．quickly C．much D．quicker 【答案】B 【详解】句意：学生们想尽快完成作业。 考查副词修饰动词。quick快速的，形容词；quickly快速地，副词；much多的，形容词或副词；quicker更快的，形容词比较级。根据“want to finish their homework”可知此处应用副词quickly修饰动词finish，表示尽快完成作业。故选B。 2．While visiting Paris, I tried my best to visit ________ I can to tour around ________. A．as many as; as many places as possible B．as many as; as much place as possible C．as much as; as many places as possible D．as much as; as much place as possible 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在访问巴黎时，我尽我所能多去参观，尽可能多地游览。 考查many和much。many修饰可数名词复数；much修饰不可数名词或动词。第一个空修饰动词visit用much，排除AB；place此处意为“地方”，是可数名词，不能用much修饰，排除D。故选C。 考点17 marry [教材原句]married a French scientist called Pierre Curie in 1895 marry既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，“娶；结婚；嫁”。 ①marry to sb.“嫁给某人”（主语是女性）She has been married to the man for 20 years. ②marry sb.“嫁给某人，与某人结婚”（主语是男是女皆可）。Mr White is going to marry an actress. ③marry sb.to sb.意为“（父母把女儿）嫁给某人”或“（父母为儿子）娶媳妇”。 She married her daughter to a business man.她把女儿嫁给了一位商人。 ④get married “结婚”。get maried to sb.“与某人结婚”。 He wants to get married to a teacher.他想和一位老师结婚。 【经典练】 1．My parents ________ for 20 years. Today is their wedding anniversary (结婚纪念日). A．have been married B．have married C．married 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我父母结婚已经20年了。今天是他们的结婚纪念日。 考查时态和持续性动词。根据“for 20 years”可知，该句为现在完成时“have/has+动词过去分词”，主语为“My parents”，助动词用have；且和一段时间连用应用持续性动词，marry意为“结婚”，是短暂性动词，其相应的持续性动词为be married，故选A。 2．His aunt ________ to an excellent doctor on March 16, 2021. They are very happy now. A．married B．is married C．got married D．married with 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他的阿姨于2021年3月16日嫁给了一位优秀的医生。他们现在很快乐。 考查动词。marry sb嫁给某人，娶某人；be married to sb和某人结婚，强调状态；get married to sb和某人结婚，强调动作；married with错误表达。根据时间状语“on March 16, 2021.”可知，该句是一般过去时，且强调的是动作。故选C。 考点18 It's said that [教材原句] It's said that it's a lot of trouble being Harry Potter, esp.when you're a 78-year-old man and happen to share the name of a world-famous boy with magic powers. ①It is said that... “据说..…… It is said that is will snow tomorrow. 类似“It is said that...”的句式： ①It is believed that...据说……据信.……It is believed that our team will win the match ②It is known that..众所周知……，人们认为… It is known that he is honest. ③It is reported that...据报道..…… It is reported that many new houses are being built at present in the disaster area. 【经典练】 1．Lingling’s uncle said ________ it was wrong to pull leaves off plants. A．what B．which C．that D．if 【答案】C 【详解】句意：玲玲的叔叔说从植物上摘叶子是错误的。 考查宾语从句引导词。句子是含有宾语从句的复合句，分析语境可知，从句在陈述事实，不缺意思，也不缺成分，用that引导。故选C。 2．_________ that the umbrella was invented four thousand years ago by Chinese people. A．It’s saying B．It’s said C．That’s said 【答案】B 【详解】句意：据说伞是四千年前中国人发明的。考查it作形式主语。固定句型it’s said that...，表示“据说”，故选B。 考点19 die of [教材原句]1 saw people die of hunger, so began research into hybrid rice. die of“因……而死”。die不及物动词，“死亡，生命结束”，其过去式、过去分词都为died，现在分词为dying。die的名词形式为death，形容词形式为dead。 ①die是终止性动词，不可与时间段连用，若与时间段连用可用be dead。 He has been dead for ten years. ②die用于进行时态时，意为“快要死去”。He is very ill and I'm afraid he's dying. ③die的现在分词作定语，表示“临死的”。his dying words他临死时说的话 【拓展】辨析：die of 与die from两者都有“因……而死”之意。 ①die of“因……而死”，强调内因，如疾病、年老、悲伤或饥饿等。She died of hunger. ②die from“由于……而死”，强调外因，如受伤、灾害、事故等。She died from a car accident last year. 【经典练】 1．Millions of people ________ cancer from all over the world every year. A．die away B．die out C．die of D．die upon 【答案】C 【详解】句意：全世界每年有数百万人死于癌症。 考查动词短语。die away逐渐消失；die out灭绝；die of死于（疾病、过度悲伤等）；die upon死在。根据“Millions of people …cancer”可知，此处空后为疾病，使用die of。故选C。 2．— It’s said that only a few pet dogs can live up ________ 20 years old. — That’s true. Most of them die ________ illnesses before they get old. A．with; of B．to; of C．to; with D．with; in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——据说只有少数宠物狗能活到20岁。——确实如此。大多数宠物狗在变老之前就死于疾病。考查介词辨析。with和……一起；of……的；to到、朝；in在……里面。根据“live up...20 years old”可知，第一空使用to，up to意为“到达（某数量、程度等）、多达、不多于”；根据“die...illnesses”可知，第二空使用of，die of illness意为“死于疾病”。故选B。 考点20 happen“发生” [教材原句] happen to find a natural hybrid rice plant that had many advantages over others. 1）happen不及物动词，“发生”；happen to do sth.“碰巧做某事”。happen的主语通常是物，不能用于被动语态。 I happened to see my friend in the shop. 我碰巧在商店里见到了我的朋友。 ①happen to sb.“某人发生什么事”。What happened to you? ②“It happens that+从句” “碰巧……”，=happen to do sth. It happened that I had no money yesterday.=I happened to have no money yesterday. ③It(so)happened that..（如此）碰巧…… It(so)happened that the famous actor was her elder brother.=The famous actor(so)happened to be her elder brother. 那个著名的演员（如此）碰巧是她哥哥。 2）natural形容词，“自然的，天然的”；名词为nature，“自然，自然界”；副词为naturally，“天生地，自然地”。 The country's natural resources include forests,coal and oil. 3） have the/an advantage over“与……相比有某种优势，优于……”； ①over介词，“与……相比；与……比较而言”与choose,like,prefer等动词连用。 Being tall gave him an advantage over the other players. ②over介词，“（数目、程度等）高于，超过”，=more than。 He is over fifty. ③over作介词时，还可意为“在……正上方；在……上面（未接触）”，其反义词为under。 a bridge over a river河上的一座桥 the roof over one's head头上的屋顶 【经典练】 1．—Where is Peter? I didn’t see him. —A car accident _________ him. He is in hospital now. A．happened to B．was happened to C．happens to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——彼得在哪儿？我没看见他。——他出了车祸。他现在住院了。 考查动词的时态和语态。根据“He is in hospital now. ”可知此处是指他出车祸了，时态为一般过去时，此处应用过去式，而happen没有被动语态，可知此处应用happened to，故选A。 2．Jeff asked ______. A．what’s wrong with her B．what wrong she was C．what she happened D．what happened to her 【答案】D 【详解】句意：杰夫问她发生了什么事。 考查宾语从句。what’s wrong with her她怎么了，疑问语序；what wrong she was错误表达；what she happened错误表达；what happened to her她发生了什么事。由“Jeff asked…”和选项可知，此处是问她发生了什么事情，询问某人发生了什么事情，且asked后接宾语从句，从句采用陈述语序。故选D。 考点21 achievement成就 [教材原句] his achievements have increased rice production by 20%-30%,and in some places even more 1）achievement名词，“成就，业绩（可数名词）：实现，达到，成功（不可数名词）”。 We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain. ①achieve及物动词，“达到；完成；成功”，其宾语可以是“实现”的目标、梦想等，也可以是“取得”的胜利、成功、名誉、地位等。Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims. ②achieve 有时与this，that，what,all,much,anything,nothing,a little等代词（词组）连用，表示“获得（成功）”或“取得（成就）”等。No one can achieve anything without effort. 2） increase by“增加了”。increase to意为“增加到”。 increase by $10增加了10美元 increase to$10增加到10美元 reduce by“减少了”；reduce to意为“减少到”。 reduce by 5%减少了5% ; reduce to5%减少到5% 【经典练】 1．________ my dream, I will work hard at school and read as widely as possible. A．Achieve B．To achieve C．Achieving D．Achieved 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了实现我的梦想，我将在学校努力学习并尽可能广泛地阅读。考查非谓语动词。此处需用不定式表目的，故选B。 2．A lot of talent and hard work are required ________ when we fight on. A．achieving our dreams B．to achieve our dreams C．to be achieved our dreams 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我们继续奋斗的时候，实现我们的梦想需要很多的天赋和努力。 考查非谓语动词。根据“A lot of talent and hard work are required…when we fight on.”可知，sth. be required to do sth.意为“某物被需要去做某事”，固定词组。故选B。 考点22 development [教材原句] has spent all his life on the research and development of better rice plants. development作名词，意为“发展”，常见的短语是with the development of意为“在……发展下，随着……的发展”。形容词为developing“发展中的”和developed“发达的”。 What do you think today’s developments will mean for him? 一．语法精讲——六种基本时态 1. 时态 1) 一般现在时:谓语动词用原形或第三人称单数形式 2) 一般过去时:谓语动词用过去式 3) 一般将来时:谓语用will/shall/be going to + 动词原形 4) 现在进行时:谓语用am/is/are + 动词的现在分词 5) 现在完成时:谓语用have/has + 动词的过去分词 6) 过去进行时:谓语用was/were + 动词的现在分词 动词主要用来表示动作、状态和性质，而英语中动词的时态是指动作和状态发生的具体时间和表现方式。英语中动词时态用动词的不同形式来表示。 英语中动词的五种基本形式为:动词原形、第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。 一般现在时 表示现阶段习惯性、周期性、反复或经常发生的动作，或者用于描述客观真理 always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, on Sunday, every day, every year, once a month, three times a year ①一般现在时表示现在的状态； I like collecting stamps. ②一般现在时表示一个动作接着一个动作，用来描述连续性的事件； The bell rings and the students come into class. ③一般现在时可以用来摘述日常生活和习惯； He always goes home at 6 p.m. ④一般现在时表示按照时间表或计划表所做的事情。 The class begins at 2 p.m. 现在进行时 表示现在正在发生的动作，在现阶段持续发生的动作或存在的状态 at the moment, now, right now,look, listen ①现在进行时表示正在发生的动作或状态； She is looking after her baby now. ②现在进行时表示几个动作同时进行； He is doing his homework and his father is cooking. ③现在进行时可以表示在特定时间段里所发生的动作； This month he is preparing for the exam. ④现在进行时表示即将发生的动作或安排。 I am meeting some old friends after school. 一般过去时 表示在过去发生的动作或存在的状态 yesterday, the day before yesterday, last year, two months ago, in 1999 ①一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或者存在的状态; He went home by car yesterday. ②一般过去时可以表示过去发生的一系列连续的动作; He had dinner and then did his homework. 过去进行时 表示过去的某个时刻正在发生的动作、过去同一时间里同时发生的动作或在过去的某个时间段内持续发生的动作或存在的状态 at this time yesterday, from ... to ..., last night ①过去进行时强调过去某个时刻发生的动作； He was shopping at 10 a.m. yesterday. ②过去进行时表示过去同一时间里同时发生的动作； She was reading while her mother was talking on the phone. ③过去进行时还可以表示过去的某个时间段内持续发生的动作或存在的状态。 We were playing games the whole afternoon yesterday. 【注意】 过去进行时通常用when和while连接。 He was sleeping when his father came back. 过去进行时常与always等频度副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作，此时的过去 进行时常带有一定的感情色彩。 He was always playing computer games when he was in Grade 7. 现在完成时 描述一个发生在过去，并一直延续到现在，或者可能还要延续到将来的动作 ①现在完成时强调过去动作所产生的结果或影响； He has already bought two cars. ②现在完成时表示过去某个动作直到现在已经发生了多少次。 He has been here many times. ③现在完成时中，since与表示时间点的时间状语连用；for与表示时间段的时间状语连用。It has been two weeks since I came here. I have been here for two weeks. 二、单元话题写作 单元主题及背景分析 本单元的主题是“名人”，本单元通过独特的视角让学生认识并了解一些有关名人的词汇并了解一些名人的基本信息。 在日常生活中，我们享受着前人的伟大创造和劳动果实，让学生了解并铭记为全社会全人类做出杰出贡献的人们是很重要的。通过本单元课程的学习，让学生明白在生活中需要努力进取的精神和无私奉献的勇气，以及专注地做好本职工作的定力，远比外表和形式上的华丽和时尚重要。 【词汇积累】 ①China’s space technology programme中国航天技术 ②the pioneer of ... .......的先驱 ③the right of ………的权利 ④all one's life一生，毕生 ⑤further research进一步的研究 ⑥manage to do sth设法做某事 ⑦be the pride of 是……的骄傲 ⑧receive his student pilot’s licence拿到他的飞行学员执照 ⑨further research进一步的研究 ⑩an inventor一个发明家 ⑪a composer of classical music 古典音乐作曲家 ⑫in ancient times/in the old days在古代 ⑬make a great difference to ... 产生重大影响 ⑭classical music古典音乐 ⑮English literature英国文学 ⑯a fighter for the rights of black Africans为非洲黑人的权利而斗争的战士 ⑰create over 1,000 inventions创造了1,000多项发明 ⑱search for information搜索信息 ⑲in history在历史上 ⑳serve as a pilot做飞行员 ​【万能写作模板】 模板① ________ (name of person) is a great scientist in the world. He is regarded as the pioneer of China's space technology. In ________(time), he graduated from ________ University (university name). Then he went to the _______ (place name) for further study in________(time). In _________(time), he returned to China. He made great contributions to China's _______ (career field) career. He is the pride of all the Chinese people. We all admire him very much. We can learn many things from him. We should love our country and try our best to make our country more powerful. 模板② _______ (name of person) was a world-famous woman scientist. She was born in_______ (place name) in _______ (date of birth) and died in _______(time of death). When she was a child, she loved to study and hoped to become a scientist. She finished middle school at the age of _______(age) . At the age of _______(age) , she left for_______ (place) and entered _______ University (university name) . She lived a simple life and studied very hard. _______ (name of person) devoted all her life to the study of science. She won the Nobel Prize for Physics in _______ (time) and for Chemistry in _______ (time). It is not easy for a woman to succeed in her work. It is even more difficult for a woman to win the Nobel Prize twice. So ________ (name of person) will always be remembered as a great woman. 典例： 本学期，我们通过课文浅尝了英语文学作品之美，假如你所在的校英语社团准备举办一次线上英语沙龙，沙龙主题为Mark Twain,作为团长李华，请你以主持人的身份写一段开场白 ,内容包含以下要点: 关于Mark Twain 1.最有天赋美国小说家和幽默家之一。 2.一生写了20多部小说和很多短篇故事:他的历险故事世界闻名。 关于沙龙 活动一: 就Mark Twain及其作品进行小组讨论; 活动二:欣赏《汤姆索亚历险记》电影片段; 此次沙龙的目的(至少两点)。 参考词汇: humorist幽默家 English Salon英语沙龙 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer汤姆索亚历险记 要求: 1.文中不得出现真实的校名和姓名。 2.80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 3.书写工整;要点齐全:意思连贯;条理清楚:标点正确。 Hello, everyone! Thank you all for attending this online English Salon. I am Li Hua, your host today. The topic of today's salon is Mark Twain. That's all for my introduction! Hope you enjoy today's salon! 【解题思路】 ①题材:本文是一篇记叙文,为材料作文; ②时态:时态为“一般现在时和一般过去时”; ③提示:写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。 【写作步骤】 第一步,头已给出，引出本文主题; 第二步，介绍关于Mark Twain的信息; 第三步，介绍有关沙龙的信息。 【满分作文】 Hello, everyone! Thank you all for attending this online English Salon. I am Li Hua, your host today. The topic of today's salon is Mark Twain. As far as we know, Mark Twain is one of the most gifted American novelists and humorists. He wrote more than 20novels and many short stories in his life. In order to understand and learn more about the great novelist Mark Twain and his life, today we'll have two online salon activities. The first event is a panel discussion on Mark Twain and his works. The other activity is watching clips from The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. We also hope that everyone can learn more through our English salon. That's all for my introduction! Hope you enjoy today's salon! 【亮点词汇】 ①thank you for doing sth因某事感谢你 ②as far as we know据我们所知 ③more than超过 【高分句型】 ①In order to understand and learn more about the great novelist Mark Twain and his life, today we'll have two online salon activities. (动词不定式作目的状语) ②We also hope that everyone can learn more through our English salon. (宾语从句) (Comic strip and Welcome to the unit) 1.complaint letter 投诉信 2.complain to sb about sth 向某人抱怨某事 3.have to do sth 必须做某事，不得不做某事　 4.*post a letter 寄信 5.do the laundry 洗衣服 6.explore dangerous places 勘察危险的地方 7.look after =take care of =care for 照顾 8.make the bed 铺床 9.help sb with sth =help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事 10.play with 和……一起玩；玩耍，玩弄 Don’t play with fire. 不要玩火。 (Reading) 1.become/be interested in 对……感兴趣 2.the first person to do sth 第一个做某事的人 3.in many ways 在很多方面 4.in order to do sth 为了做某事 5.buy sth from sp 从某地买某物 6.much easier　容易得多 比较级前可用much, many, a lot, far, still, even, a little, a bit等修饰。 7.as a result （作为）结果 8.no longer =not … any longer 不再 9.at work 在工作 He is at work. =He is working. 10.* return home from work 下班回到家里 * return 回来=get back / come back　归还= give back return sth to sb = give sth back to sb 把某物归还给某人 11.as _+原形＋as 　　“和……一样……” 12.be ready for 为……作好准备 get ready for = prepare for 为……作准备 13.be happy with 对……感到满意　＝be satisfied with / be content with 14.a few weeks later = after a few weeks 几个星期后（用于过去时态） 15.go wrong 出问题；犯错误 go missing 消失；不见 16.catch a virus 感染病毒 catch a cold 感冒 17.wake up 醒来，叫醒 18.washing machine 洗衣机 19.knock over 撞翻 20.* in a mess 　一团糟 * make a mess of 把……搞得一团糟 21.do with 处理，应付(和what 连用)＝deal with （和how 连用） 22.in the end =at last = finally 最后 23.decide to do sth = make up one’s mind to do sth =set one’s mind to do sth 决定做某事 24.The robot was just too much trouble. 机器人太麻烦了。 too much +不可数名词；much too +形容词或副词 25.make sb do sth 使某人干某事 (Vocabulary) 1.in fact 事实上 2.use sth to do sth =use sth for doing sth 使用某物做某事 3.* take photos of 照相 Can you take a photo of me ?　你可以给我照一张相吗？ 4.connect sth to 把某物连接到……上 5.at the end of 在……末尾 6.at the same time 同是 7.* solar battery 太阳能电池 8.make sth +形容词 “使某物……” (Grammar) 1.have sb do sth 让某人做某事＝let sb do sth = get sb to do sth 2.There is something wrong with …. ? …有问题了。 3.give sb some suggestions 给某人提一些建议 4.teach sb to do sth = teach sb how to do sth 　教某人做某事 (Integrated skills and Study skills) 1.special gift 特别的礼物= special present 2.over = more than 多于；超过 3.in clear language 用清晰的语言 in English 用英语 4.have a good memory 有良好的记忆力 5.get tired 感到累＝feel tired 6.every two months 每两个月 7.find out 找出，查明 8.for free 免费 9.on time 按时，准时 10.as … as sb can = as … as possible 尽可能…… 11.be made in 在某地制造的 be made of 由……制成的（看得见原材料） be made from 由……制成的（看不见原材料） 12.take turns to do sth 轮流着干某事 13.talk about 谈论 14.be related to 和……有关系 She is related to me by marriage. 她和我有婚姻关系。 (Main task and Checkout) 1.fill in 填写 fill in an application form 填写申请表 2.agree with sb 同意某人（的意见或答案） 3.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事 4.need doing = need to be done 5.medium-sized 中码的 6.pay attention to 注意，关注 7.at least 至少at most 至多 8.give sb instructions 给某人指令 9.all the time 一直 10.What is wrong with …?　……怎么了？ = What is the matter with…? / What is the trouble with …? 11.be sorry to do sth 很抱歉做某事 A: I hurt my foot yesterday. B: I am sorry to hear that. 12.reply to 回答，答复 13.look forward to doing sth 渴望做某事 14.hear from 收到某人来信 重点句型 1.Who do you think is the greatest person in history,Eddie? 埃迪，你认为史上最伟大的人是谁? 2.I’ve never heard of him. 我从没听说过他。 3.He's an inventor.He invented my favourite food. 他是一位发明家。他发明了我最喜爱的食物。 4.South African,a fighter for the rights of black Africans all his life. 南非人，一位终生为非洲黑人的权利而奋斗的战士。 5.Italian,one of the first Europeans to discover America. 意大利人，首批发现美洲大陆的欧洲人之一。 6.Russian,a composer of classical music. 俄罗斯人，一位古典音乐作曲家。 7.He became interested in flying when he took his first flight at the age of six. 在他六岁第一次乘坐飞机时，他就开始对飞行感兴趣。 8.He received his student pilot's licence when he was 16. 他16岁时获得了学生飞行员执照。 9.He and David Scott managed to join two spacecraft together for the first time in space. 他和戴维·斯科特首次成功地将两个航天器在太空对接。 10.However,on their way back to the Earth,the spacecraft began spinning out of control. 然而，在他们返回地球的途中，宇宙飞船开始快速旋转，失去控制。 11.Armstrong received the order to cut the flight short. 阿姆斯特朗接到缩短航程的指令。 12.He said the famous words "one small step for (a) man,one giant leap for mankind"as he stepped out onto the Moon's surface. 当他踏上月球表面时，他说了那句名言：“对于个人是一小步，对于人类是一个巨大的飞跃”。 13.They collected Moon rocks to take back to the Earth for further research. 他们采集了月球岩石以带回地球作进一步研究。 14.Because of his excellent service,Neil Armstrong was presented the Medal of Freedom,the highest award that a US citizen can receive. 因为表现出色，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗被授予自由勋章，这是美国公民能够获得的最高奖励。 15. He was the pride of the whole world. 他是全世界的骄傲。 16.It was brave of him to go to a place that was unknown to humans at that time. 他很勇敢，到一个当时人类未知的地方去。 17.She also pushed for the use of X-ray machines,which are now widely used in hospitals. 她(居里夫人)还推动了X光设备的使用，这种设备现已在医院广泛应用。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Module1 Unit 2 Great people Unit2 核心话题 名人 重点词汇 1. _____ n.发明者→______ vt.发明 →_______ n.发明物;创意 2._______ n.探险家; 探险者;考察者 →________ vt.探索;探讨 3.________ n.斗士,战斗者;战斗机 →______ v.打架;对抗;斗争 →_____ n.斗争;打斗;比赛 →_______ n.打架;对抗;拼搏 4. ______ n.意大利人;意大利语 →______ adj.意大利(人)的;意大利语的 →________ n.意大利 5. ________ n.欧洲人 →________ adj.欧洲(人)的 →________ n.欧洲 6._______n.俄罗斯人;俄语 →(复数)________ →_ _______adj.俄罗斯(人)的;俄语的 →________ n.俄罗斯 7._________ vi.&vt.服役;服务,招待;为...服务; →________ n.服务;工作 →_______ n.服务生 →_______ n.佣人;仆人 8. _______ vt.测试;检验 →_________ n.测试;试验 →_______ n.测试员 9. _________n. 命令,指挥,要求;顺序;订单 →_______ v.命令;点(菜);整理;订购 →_________adj.有秩序的,整齐的 10. ________ v.(使)着陆，(使)降落 →________ n.陆地;土地;国家 →_____ n.登陆;着陆 →________ n.风景，景观 11. _______ adj.更多的,更进一步的 →_____ adv.更远;进一步 →_______ adj.最远的 →_______ adv.最远→________ adj.更远的 →________ adv.更远 →_______ adj.最远的 →__________ adv.最远 12. ________ n.骄傲;可引以为豪的人(或物) →________ adj.自豪的，骄傲的 →__________ adv.骄傲地;自大地 13. _________ n.科学家 →________ n.科学;学科 →__________ adj.科学的 14.__________ n.教授 →_________ adj. 专业的；职业的 15. _________ n.发现;发现物 →__________v.发现，找到，查明 重点短语 1.___________________听说 2.__________________ ......的先驱 3.__________________ .....的权利 4.__________________________ 对......感兴趣/开始对做某事感兴趣 5.________________________ 第一次飞行 6.___________________= when sb. be +年龄(基数词) 在……岁时 7.___________________ 被选来做什么 8.___________________ 第一次做..... 9.___________________ 首次；初次 10.__________________ 在某人返回.的路上 11.___________________ 在某人去……的路上 12._________________失去控制→(反义短语) under control 处于控制之下 13._________________ (使飞机)降落 14._______________ 在......着陆 15._______________ 步入；踏上 16._______________ 在......的表面 17.__________________ 被授予 18.__________________ 是.....的骄傲 19.__________________ 被允许做某事 20.__________________ 制造许多噪音 21.__________________ ......的底部 22.______________ 解决，计算出；制订出 23.__________________ = be used to do sth. 被用于做某事 24._________________ 致力于；从事 25.________________+地点 动身去某地 26._______________________搜索信息 27.________________ 手工 28.______________ 随着……的发明 重点句型 1.I’ve never heard of him. 我从未听说过他。 2.He became interested in flying when he took his first flight at the age of six. 当他六岁第一次乘坐飞机时，他开始对飞行感兴趣。 3. They managed to join two spacecraft together for the first time in space. 他们成功地将两个航天器在太空首次交会对接。 4. They managed to join two spacecraft together for the first time in space. 他们成功地将两个航天器在太空首次交会对接。 5. He said the famous words “one small step for (a) man, one giant leap for mankind” as he stepped out onto the Moon’s surface. 当他走上月球表面时，他说了著名的话“一个人的一小步，人类的一大步”。 6. He was the pride of the whole world. 他是全世界的骄傲。 语法 六种基本时态 写作 “介绍名人” 考点1 do you think 意为“你认为” [教材原句]1.Who do you think is the greatest person in history, Eddie? 埃迪, 你认为谁是历史上最伟大的人？ 【知识梳理】do you think 意为“你认为”，在句中是插入部分，放在特殊疑问词后。 混合疑问句的句式：特殊疑问词＋do you think（或其他表示心里活动的词）＋陈述语序。可以用于这一结构的动词还有believe，imagine，suppose等。（“陈述语序”非常重要） E.g. What do you think makes her sad? 你认为什么使他难过？ What food do you think is healthy ? 你认为什么食物是健康？ What do you think I can do? 你认为我能做什么？ How much do you think this car cost? 你认为这车值多少钱? 【经典练】 1．—Who do you think is the hero of our nation? —Qian Xuesen. He’s such a great scientist that I ________ him as the standard of excellence. A．look for B．look after C．look up to D．look forward to 考点2 hear of “听说” [教材原句]2.I’ve never heard of him. 我从没听说过他。 【知识梳理】hear of 意为“听说”，强调从别人那里间接得知，也可用作hear about。 E.g. I don’t know the writer, but I have heard of him. 我从不认识这位作家，但听说过他。 I have never heard of him. Who is he? 我从未听说过他，他是谁。 常用短语： hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 hear sb. do sth. 表示“听到某人做了某事”（强调听见了整个过程） hear sb. doing sth. 表示“听到某人正在做某事”（强调的是正在听，表进行） hear +that从句 E.g. I heard that he had gone to his hometown. 我听说他回家乡去了。 【拓展】大多数的感官动作(如see、watch、notice等)都可以用于这两种结构。 【经典练】 1．I’m look forward to ________ you. A．hear from B．hearing from C．hear of 2．—Did you ________ Bill last month? —No, we didn’t. We all ________ him very much. A．hear from; miss B．hear of; miss C．hear from; look forward D．hear of; look forward 考点3 inventor n. 发明家 [教材原句]3.He is an inventor. He invented my favourite food. 他是一位发明家。他发明了我最喜爱的食物。 【知识梳理】inventor n. 发明家 invent v. 发明 invention n. 发明物 invent, discover, find, find out辨析 invent 发明 表示发明了以前没有或不存在的事物。 Edison invented the light bulb. 爱迪生发明了灯泡。 discover 发现 指发现已经存在但不为人所知道的事物,有时也指认识到某种情况。 Scientists have discovered that the disease is carried by rats.科学家发现这种疾病是老鼠传播的。 find 发现 通过寻找发现某人、某物。 They found the lost boy in the cave. 他们在山洞里发现了那个走丢的男孩。 find out 查明 指经过观察、调查把某事、某物查出来、搞清楚、弄明白。 Can you find out whether there are any seats left? 你能查到是否还有座位剩下吗？ 【经典练】 1．The inventor has invented many________ in his life. A．inventions B．inventor C．inventors D．invention 2．An ________ is someone who has invented things or whose job is inventing things. A．inventor B．artist C．engineer 考点4 interested [教材原句]4. He became interested in flying when he took his first Tight at the age of six. become/be interested in “对…….感兴趣” = “take/have an interest in”. interested 形容词 “感兴趣的”，作表语，主语是人 be interested in(doing) I am interested in English. interesting 形容词 “有趣的”，作表语或定语，主语是物 The book is very interesting. interest 名词 “兴趣”作主宾语 take/have interest in 对...感兴趣 His main interests are reading and playing the piano. 【经典练】 1．________ history books I read, ________ I am in history. A．The less; the more interesting B．The fewer; the more interested C．The more; the more interested D．The more; the more interesting 2．This talent show is much ________ than that one. A．interesting B．interested C．more interesting D．more interested 考点5 join [教材原句]5.Armstrong joined the navy in 1949 and served as a pilot for three years. ① join+组织/团体，表示“加入到某个组织中并成为其中一员”。He joined the army in 1990. ② join+sb. (in sth.)表示“加入到某些人当中去”。Would you like to join us in the computer game? ③ join in表示参加某种活动，相当于take part in。College students join in many activities after class. 【经典练】 1．— Would you please ________ the meeting, Cindy? — I’ll be glad to, but I have an after-school activity to ________. A．join; take part in B．take part in; join in C．attend; take part in D．attend; join 2．—When did you ________ the school rowing team? —Last week. I’m going to ________ the rowing game next month. A．take part in; join B．join; join C．join; take part in 考点6 manage [教材原句]6. He and David Scott managed to join two spacecraft together for the first time in space. manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”，指经过努力达到了目的，强调结果。 Lily managed to get the driving licence and she was very happy. 【经典练】 1．Middle School students should learn ________ time and make good use of every minute. A．manage B．managing C．manages D．to manage 2．After weeks of practice, Nick finally managed ________ the difficult math problem. A．complete B．completing C．to complete 考点7 on one's way to....“在某人去……的路上” [教材原句]7.However, on their way back to the Earth, the spacecraft began spinning out of control. 1）on one's way back to...“在某人返回……的途中”。 on one's way to....“在某人去……的路上”。此结构中，to为介词，其后接副词时，应省略介词to。 Let's wait a few minutes.He's on his way back home. 2）control用作名词或者动词，意为“控制”，常用的词组有beyond control“难以控制”，in control of“处于控制地位”，out of control“失去控制的”，under control“被控制” 【经典练】 1．We ________ many flowers ________ my way to school yesterday morning. A．saw, in B．see, on C．saw, on 2．—I'm sorry I have no notebooks. —Oh, it doesn't matter. ________, don't forget to buy a notebook ________ to school next time. A．By the way; on your way B．In the way; on your way C．On the way; in the way D．In this way; in the way 考点8.order “命令” [教材原句]8.Armstrong received the order to cut the flight short. 1) order 意为“命令”，可以用作名词或者动词。If you make any more noise I’ll order you out of the room. ①order 名词或者动词，意为“订单，订货”。This is an order for five hundred bags. ②order 名词，意为“次序，顺序”。Please put them in the right order. 2) cut..short “缩短”。We'll have to cut our visit short,as we have to get back before dark. 3) cut（...)short的其他用法： ①剪短I would like a change,maybe have my hair cut short. ②突然停止；中断Their conversation was cut short by the telephone ring. 【经典练】 1．We need to do morning exercises every day ________ keep healthy. A．so that B．such that C．in order to D．in order that 2．—________? —I’d like gongbao chicken and some mapo tofu. A．May I take you order B．What do you like C．Do you like something to eat D．Would you like some juice 考点9.bring down“降落” [教材原句]9.He successfully brought the spacecraft down into the western Pacific Ocean. bring down“（使飞机）降落”，是“动词十副词”短语，代词作宾语，应放在bring和down之间。 The pilot managed to bring down the plane safely. bring down的其他用法： ①减少（价格）；使跌落Sellers at last agreed to bring down the prices by 5%. ②打垮；击败 Even the failure did not bring him down. 【经典练】 1．Liu Changjian, the command pilot of Sichuan Airlines Flight 3U8633, successfully ________ down the plane last month. A．has brought B．will bring C．brought D．bring 2．With much effort, the pilot managed ______ the plane down in a field. A．bring B．to bring C．bringing D．brought 考点10 with [教材原句] 10.Together with Buzz Aldrin, he landed the spacecraft Apollo on the Moon. 1） with作介词，with sb意为“和谁在一起”，与后面的某人构成介词短语，作伴随状语，不影响谓语动词的形式。 Jim lives with his grandmother. 【拓展】 “主谓一致” ①有一类连接词，其后的谓语动词要与连接词前一部分的主语保持一致。 此类连接词有together with,with,along with,as well as,besides,like,without,except（but），including等。 No one except（but)me knows about this news.除了我，没有人知道这个消息。 ②还有另一类连接词，句中的谓语动词要与靠近的主语保持一致。此类接词有or，either.…or..,neither..nor..…not only...but also...等。 Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 2） land可作及物动词，也作不及物动词， ①.land及物动词，“使上岸，使登陆，使到达”。The pilot landed the plane. ②land不及物动词，“靠岸，登陆，登岸，到达”。The spaceship landed safely. 【经典练】 1．—Dad, can I fill the box ________ my model planes?    —I’m afraid not. It’s full ________ my books.. A．of, with B．with, of C．of, of D．with, with 2．Jimmy phoned his mother and told her that he was quite good ________ chopsticks (筷子) in Nanjing and that she should be free ________ worries. A．at; from B．with; with C．with; from D．at; with 考点11 pride“骄傲” [教材原句] 11.He was the pride of the whole world. pride表示“骄傲”，take pride in“对……感到骄傲”，相当于be proud of。 The man is proud of his past achievements.=The man takes pride in his past achievements. 【经典练】 1．His family are ________ of him, that is to say, he is the ________ of his family. A．proud, proud B．pride, proud C．proud, pride 2．Nowadays China has done well in many fields. We really ________ our amazing China. A．keep away from B．come up with C．take pride in D．look up to 考点12 work on“致力于；从事”。 [教材原句] I am working on a history project this week. work on“致力于；从事”。 ①继续工作；不断工作The director worked on in the office until ten o'clock last night. ②对……发生影响；对……起作用The doctor told him that this kind of medicine may work on him. 【经典练】 1．—You look so tired, Tom. What’s the matter? —I ________ on the project (项目) for one whole night without rest. A．work B．am working C．worked D．have worked 2．They _________ the maths problem when I came in. A．worked on B．were working on C．were working D．were working for 考点13 leave [教材原句] I am leaving for Shanghai tonight. ①“leave for+地点” “动身去某地”。I'm leaving for Dalian tomorrow. ②“leave+地点+for+另一地点” “离开某地前往另一个地方”。He left Paris for London yesterday. ③leave “遗留，遗赠”，后可接双宾语，leave sb.sth.“留给某人某物”。 leave sth.to sb. She left her daughter one million dollars.=She left one million dollars to her daughter. ④leave接复合宾语，“使……处于……状态”。其复合宾语中的补语可以由形容词、介词（短语）、名词等来充当。 ⑤leave“忘了带；丢下”，其后可接地点状语。I've left my bag on the bus. ⑥leave名词，意为“假期”。a six-week leave 一个6周的假期 ask for leave请假 【经典练】 1．The Greens ________ for Xi’an by plane at 5 this afternoon. They ________ for a taxi now. A．leave; wait B．are leaving; wait C．leave; will wait D．are leaving; are waiting 2．Tom shouted, “The apple is brown. You had better ________ it in the air.” A．don’t leave B．not leave C．not leaving D．not to leave 考点14 make a great difference“产生很大的影响” [教材原句] Many modern inventions have made a great difference in our lie. make a great difference“产生很大的影响”。make a difference to“对……产影响”。 It makes no difference to me. 这对我没什么影响。 【经典练】 1．—Have you noticed that Anna’s great progress in spoken English? —Yes. She sets us a good example. Hard work always ________. A．makes a deal B．makes a difference C．makes a problem 2．—Have you heard of a new technology about TV? —Yes. It’s “8K TV”. I believe that it will make a great ________ to people’s life. A．surprise B．progress C．difference D．choice 考点15 by hand用手 [教材原句]In the past, people washed their clothes by hand. by hand表示“用手、手工的” give sb. a hand帮助某人 hand in hand手拉手 on the one (other) hand 一方面（另一方面） shake hands (with) （与……）握手 hand in 上交 hand out 分发 【经典练】 1．—Did you buy a birthday cake yesterday? —No, I didn’t. I ________ one ________ hand. A．make; with B．make; by C．made; by 2．This pair of shoes ________ hand, and it ________ very comfortable. A．is made with; is felt B．are made by; is felt C．are made of; feels D．is made by; feels 考点16 as...as possible “尽可能..….地” [教材原句]Help Millie complete her notes with as much information as you can. as... sb.can/could=as...as possible “尽可能..….地”。 I speak English as much as possible every day.=I speak English as much as I can everyday. as much time as possible=as much time as you can 尽可能多的时间 as soon as possible=as soon as you can尽快地 as often as possible=as often as you can尽可能经常地 as quickly as possible=as quickly as you can尽快地 【经典练】 1．The students want to finish their homework as ________ as possible. A．quick B．quickly C．much D．quicker 2．While visiting Paris, I tried my best to visit ________ I can to tour around ________. A．as many as; as many places as possible B．as many as; as much place as possible C．as much as; as many places as possible D．as much as; as much place as possible 考点17 marry [教材原句]married a French scientist called Pierre Curie in 1895 marry既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词，“娶；结婚；嫁”。 ①marry to sb.“嫁给某人”（主语是女性）She has been married to the man for 20 years. ②marry sb.“嫁给某人，与某人结婚”（主语是男是女皆可）。Mr White is going to marry an actress. ③marry sb.to sb.意为“（父母把女儿）嫁给某人”或“（父母为儿子）娶媳妇”。 She married her daughter to a business man.她把女儿嫁给了一位商人。 ④get married “结婚”。get maried to sb.“与某人结婚”。 He wants to get married to a teacher.他想和一位老师结婚。 【经典练】 1．My parents ________ for 20 years. Today is their wedding anniversary (结婚纪念日). A．have been married B．have married C．married 2．His aunt ________ to an excellent doctor on March 16, 2021. They are very happy now. A．married B．is married C．got married D．married with 考点18 It's said that [教材原句] It's said that it's a lot of trouble being Harry Potter, esp.when you're a 78-year-old man and happen to share the name of a world-famous boy with magic powers. ①It is said that... “据说..…… It is said that is will snow tomorrow. 类似“It is said that...”的句式： ①It is believed that...据说……据信.……It is believed that our team will win the match ②It is known that..众所周知……，人们认为… It is known that he is honest. ③It is reported that...据报道..…… It is reported that many new houses are being built at present in the disaster area. 【经典练】 1．Lingling’s uncle said ________ it was wrong to pull leaves off plants. A．what B．which C．that D．if 2．_________ that the umbrella was invented four thousand years ago by Chinese people. A．It’s saying B．It’s said C．That’s said 考点19 die of [教材原句]1 saw people die of hunger, so began research into hybrid rice. die of“因……而死”。die不及物动词，“死亡，生命结束”，其过去式、过去分词都为died，现在分词为dying。die的名词形式为death，形容词形式为dead。 ①die是终止性动词，不可与时间段连用，若与时间段连用可用be dead。 He has been dead for ten years. ②die用于进行时态时，意为“快要死去”。He is very ill and I'm afraid he's dying. ③die的现在分词作定语，表示“临死的”。his dying words他临死时说的话 【拓展】辨析：die of 与die from两者都有“因……而死”之意。 ①die of“因……而死”，强调内因，如疾病、年老、悲伤或饥饿等。She died of hunger. ②die from“由于……而死”，强调外因，如受伤、灾害、事故等。She died from a car accident last year. 【经典练】 1．Millions of people ________ cancer from all over the world every year. A．die away B．die out C．die of D．die upon 2．— It’s said that only a few pet dogs can live up ________ 20 years old. — That’s true. Most of them die ________ illnesses before they get old. A．with; of B．to; of C．to; with D．with; in 考点20 happen“发生” [教材原句] happen to find a natural hybrid rice plant that had many advantages over others. 1）happen不及物动词，“发生”；happen to do sth.“碰巧做某事”。happen的主语通常是物，不能用于被动语态。 I happened to see my friend in the shop. 我碰巧在商店里见到了我的朋友。 ①happen to sb.“某人发生什么事”。What happened to you? ②“It happens that+从句” “碰巧……”，=happen to do sth. It happened that I had no money yesterday.=I happened to have no money yesterday. ③It(so)happened that..（如此）碰巧…… It(so)happened that the famous actor was her elder brother.=The famous actor(so)happened to be her elder brother. 那个著名的演员（如此）碰巧是她哥哥。 2）natural形容词，“自然的，天然的”；名词为nature，“自然，自然界”；副词为naturally，“天生地，自然地”。 The country's natural resources include forests,coal and oil. 3） have the/an advantage over“与……相比有某种优势，优于……”； ①over介词，“与……相比；与……比较而言”与choose,like,prefer等动词连用。 Being tall gave him an advantage over the other players. ②over介词，“（数目、程度等）高于，超过”，=more than。 He is over fifty. ③over作介词时，还可意为“在……正上方；在……上面（未接触）”，其反义词为under。 a bridge over a river河上的一座桥 the roof over one's head头上的屋顶 【经典练】 1．—Where is Peter? I didn’t see him. —A car accident _________ him. He is in hospital now. A．happened to B．was happened to C．happens to 2．Jeff asked ______. A．what’s wrong with her B．what wrong she was C．what she happened D．what happened to her 考点21 achievement成就 [教材原句] his achievements have increased rice production by 20%-30%,and in some places even more 1）achievement名词，“成就，业绩（可数名词）：实现，达到，成功（不可数名词）”。 We felt a great sense of achievement when we reached the top of the mountain. ①achieve及物动词，“达到；完成；成功”，其宾语可以是“实现”的目标、梦想等，也可以是“取得”的胜利、成功、名誉、地位等。Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims. ②achieve 有时与this，that，what,all,much,anything,nothing,a little等代词（词组）连用，表示“获得（成功）”或“取得（成就）”等。No one can achieve anything without effort. 2） increase by“增加了”。increase to意为“增加到”。 increase by $10增加了10美元 increase to$10增加到10美元 reduce by“减少了”；reduce to意为“减少到”。 reduce by 5%减少了5% ; reduce to5%减少到5% 【经典练】 1．________ my dream, I will work hard at school and read as widely as possible. A．Achieve B．To achieve C．Achieving D．Achieved 2．A lot of talent and hard work are required ________ when we fight on. A．achieving our dreams B．to achieve our dreams C．to be achieved our dreams 考点22 development [教材原句] has spent all his life on the research and development of better rice plants. development作名词，意为“发展”，常见的短语是with the development of意为“在……发展下，随着……的发展”。形容词为developing“发展中的”和developed“发达的”。 What do you think today’s developments will mean for him? 一．语法精讲——六种基本时态 1. 时态 1) 一般现在时:谓语动词用原形或第三人称单数形式 2) 一般过去时:谓语动词用过去式 3) 一般将来时:谓语用will/shall/be going to + 动词原形 4) 现在进行时:谓语用am/is/are + 动词的现在分词 5) 现在完成时:谓语用have/has + 动词的过去分词 6) 过去进行时:谓语用was/were + 动词的现在分词 动词主要用来表示动作、状态和性质，而英语中动词的时态是指动作和状态发生的具体时间和表现方式。英语中动词时态用动词的不同形式来表示。 英语中动词的五种基本形式为:动词原形、第三人称单数、现在分词、过去式和过去分词。 一般现在时 表示现阶段习惯性、周期性、反复或经常发生的动作，或者用于描述客观真理 always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, on Sunday, every day, every year, once a month, three times a year ①一般现在时表示现在的状态； I like collecting stamps. ②一般现在时表示一个动作接着一个动作，用来描述连续性的事件； The bell rings and the students come into class. ③一般现在时可以用来摘述日常生活和习惯； He always goes home at 6 p.m. ④一般现在时表示按照时间表或计划表所做的事情。 The class begins at 2 p.m. 现在进行时 表示现在正在发生的动作，在现阶段持续发生的动作或存在的状态 at the moment, now, right now,look, listen ①现在进行时表示正在发生的动作或状态； She is looking after her baby now. ②现在进行时表示几个动作同时进行； He is doing his homework and his father is cooking. ③现在进行时可以表示在特定时间段里所发生的动作； This month he is preparing for the exam. ④现在进行时表示即将发生的动作或安排。 I am meeting some old friends after school. 一般过去时 表示在过去发生的动作或存在的状态 yesterday, the day before yesterday, last year, two months ago, in 1999 ①一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或者存在的状态; He went home by car yesterday. ②一般过去时可以表示过去发生的一系列连续的动作; He had dinner and then did his homework. 过去进行时 表示过去的某个时刻正在发生的动作、过去同一时间里同时发生的动作或在过去的某个时间段内持续发生的动作或存在的状态 at this time yesterday, from ... to ..., last night ①过去进行时强调过去某个时刻发生的动作； He was shopping at 10 a.m. yesterday. ②过去进行时表示过去同一时间里同时发生的动作； She was reading while her mother was talking on the phone. ③过去进行时还可以表示过去的某个时间段内持续发生的动作或存在的状态。 We were playing games the whole afternoon yesterday. 【注意】 过去进行时通常用when和while连接。 He was sleeping when his father came back. 过去进行时常与always等频度副词连用，表示过去频繁发生的习惯性动作，此时的过去 进行时常带有一定的感情色彩。 He was always playing computer games when he was in Grade 7. 现在完成时 描述一个发生在过去，并一直延续到现在，或者可能还要延续到将来的动作 ①现在完成时强调过去动作所产生的结果或影响； He has already bought two cars. ②现在完成时表示过去某个动作直到现在已经发生了多少次。 He has been here many times. ③现在完成时中，since与表示时间点的时间状语连用；for与表示时间段的时间状语连用。It has been two weeks since I came here. I have been here for two weeks. 二、单元话题写作 单元主题及背景分析 本单元的主题是“名人”，本单元通过独特的视角让学生认识并了解一些有关名人的词汇并了解一些名人的基本信息。 在日常生活中，我们享受着前人的伟大创造和劳动果实，让学生了解并铭记为全社会全人类做出杰出贡献的人们是很重要的。通过本单元课程的学习，让学生明白在生活中需要努力进取的精神和无私奉献的勇气，以及专注地做好本职工作的定力，远比外表和形式上的华丽和时尚重要。 【词汇积累】 ①China’s space technology programme中国航天技术 ②the pioneer of ... .......的先驱 ③the right of ………的权利 ④all one's life一生，毕生 ⑤further research进一步的研究 ⑥manage to do sth设法做某事 ⑦be the pride of 是……的骄傲 ⑧receive his student pilot’s licence拿到他的飞行学员执照 ⑨further research进一步的研究 ⑩an inventor一个发明家 ⑪a composer of classical music 古典音乐作曲家 ⑫in ancient times/in the old days在古代 ⑬make a great difference to ... 产生重大影响 ⑭classical music古典音乐 ⑮English literature英国文学 ⑯a fighter for the rights of black Africans为非洲黑人的权利而斗争的战士 ⑰create over 1,000 inventions创造了1,000多项发明 ⑱search for information搜索信息 ⑲in history在历史上 ⑳serve as a pilot做飞行员 ​【万能写作模板】 模板① ________ (name of person) is a great scientist in the world. He is regarded as the pioneer of China's space technology. In ________(time), he graduated from ________ University (university name). Then he went to the _______ (place name) for further study in________(time). In _________(time), he returned to China. He made great contributions to China's _______ (career field) career. He is the pride of all the Chinese people. We all admire him very much. We can learn many things from him. We should love our country and try our best to make our country more powerful. 模板② _______ (name of person) was a world-famous woman scientist. She was born in_______ (place name) in _______ (date of birth) and died in _______(time of death). When she was a child, she loved to study and hoped to become a scientist. She finished middle school at the age of _______(age) . At the age of _______(age) , she left for_______ (place) and entered _______ University (university name) . She lived a simple life and studied very hard. _______ (name of person) devoted all her life to the study of science. She won the Nobel Prize for Physics in _______ (time) and for Chemistry in _______ (time). It is not easy for a woman to succeed in her work. It is even more difficult for a woman to win the Nobel Prize twice. So ________ (name of person) will always be remembered as a great woman. 典例： 本学期，我们通过课文浅尝了英语文学作品之美，假如你所在的校英语社团准备举办一次线上英语沙龙，沙龙主题为Mark Twain,作为团长李华，请你以主持人的身份写一段开场白 ,内容包含以下要点: 关于Mark Twain 1.最有天赋美国小说家和幽默家之一。 2.一生写了20多部小说和很多短篇故事:他的历险故事世界闻名。 关于沙龙 活动一: 就Mark Twain及其作品进行小组讨论; 活动二:欣赏《汤姆索亚历险记》电影片段; 此次沙龙的目的(至少两点)。 参考词汇: humorist幽默家 English Salon英语沙龙 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer汤姆索亚历险记 要求: 1.文中不得出现真实的校名和姓名。 2.80词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 3.书写工整;要点齐全:意思连贯;条理清楚:标点正确。 Hello, everyone! Thank you all for attending this online English Salon. I am Li Hua, your host today. The topic of today's salon is Mark Twain. That's all for my introduction! Hope you enjoy today's salon! 【解题思路】 ①题材:本文是一篇记叙文,为材料作文; ②时态:时态为“一般现在时和一般过去时”; ③提示:写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。 【写作步骤】 第一步,头已给出，引出本文主题; 第二步，介绍关于Mark Twain的信息; 第三步，介绍有关沙龙的信息。 【满分作文】 Hello, everyone! Thank you all for attending this online English Salon. I am Li Hua, your host today. The topic of today's salon is Mark Twain. As far as we know, Mark Twain is one of the most gifted American novelists and humorists. He wrote more than 20novels and many short stories in his life. In order to understand and learn more about the great novelist Mark Twain and his life, today we'll have two online salon activities. The first event is a panel discussion on Mark Twain and his works. The other activity is watching clips from The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. We also hope that everyone can learn more through our English salon. That's all for my introduction! Hope you enjoy today's salon! 【亮点词汇】 ①thank you for doing sth因某事感谢你 ②as far as we know据我们所知 ③more than超过 【高分句型】 ①In order to understand and learn more about the great novelist Mark Twain and his life, today we'll have two online salon activities. (动词不定式作目的状语) ②We also hope that everyone can learn more through our English salon. (宾语从句) (Comic strip and Welcome to the unit) 1.complaint letter 投诉信 2.complain to sb about sth 向某人抱怨某事 3.have to do sth 必须做某事，不得不做某事　 4.*post a letter 寄信 5.do the laundry 洗衣服 6.explore dangerous places 勘察危险的地方 7.look after =take care of =care for 照顾 8.make the bed 铺床 9.help sb with sth =help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事 10.play with 和……一起玩；玩耍，玩弄 Don’t play with fire. 不要玩火。 (Reading) 1.become/be interested in 对……感兴趣 2.the first person to do sth 第一个做某事的人 3.in many ways 在很多方面 4.in order to do sth 为了做某事 5.buy sth from sp 从某地买某物 6.much easier　容易得多 比较级前可用much, many, a lot, far, still, even, a little, a bit等修饰。 7.as a result （作为）结果 8.no longer =not … any longer 不再 9.at work 在工作 He is at work. =He is working. 10.* return home from work 下班回到家里 * return 回来=get back / come back　归还= give back return sth to sb = give sth back to sb 把某物归还给某人 11.as _+原形＋as 　　“和……一样……” 12.be ready for 为……作好准备 get ready for = prepare for 为……作准备 13.be happy with 对……感到满意　＝be satisfied with / be content with 14.a few weeks later = after a few weeks 几个星期后（用于过去时态） 15.go wrong 出问题；犯错误 go missing 消失；不见 16.catch a virus 感染病毒 catch a cold 感冒 17.wake up 醒来，叫醒 18.washing machine 洗衣机 19.knock over 撞翻 20.* in a mess 　一团糟 * make a mess of 把……搞得一团糟 21.do with 处理，应付(和what 连用)＝deal with （和how 连用） 22.in the end =at last = finally 最后 23.decide to do sth = make up one’s mind to do sth =set one’s mind to do sth 决定做某事 24.The robot was just too much trouble. 机器人太麻烦了。 too much +不可数名词；much too +形容词或副词 25.make sb do sth 使某人干某事 (Vocabulary) 1.in fact 事实上 2.use sth to do sth =use sth for doing sth 使用某物做某事 3.* take photos of 照相 Can you take a photo of me ?　你可以给我照一张相吗？ 4.connect sth to 把某物连接到……上 5.at the end of 在……末尾 6.at the same time 同是 7.* solar battery 太阳能电池 8.make sth +形容词 “使某物……” (Grammar) 1.have sb do sth 让某人做某事＝let sb do sth = get sb to do sth 2.There is something wrong with …. ? …有问题了。 3.give sb some suggestions 给某人提一些建议 4.teach sb to do sth = teach sb how to do sth 　教某人做某事 (Integrated skills and Study skills) 1.special gift 特别的礼物= special present 2.over = more than 多于；超过 3.in clear language 用清晰的语言 in English 用英语 4.have a good memory 有良好的记忆力 5.get tired 感到累＝feel tired 6.every two months 每两个月 7.find out 找出，查明 8.for free 免费 9.on time 按时，准时 10.as … as sb can = as … as possible 尽可能…… 11.be made in 在某地制造的 be made of 由……制成的（看得见原材料） be made from 由……制成的（看不见原材料） 12.take turns to do sth 轮流着干某事 13.talk about 谈论 14.be related to 和……有关系 She is related to me by marriage. 她和我有婚姻关系。 (Main task and Checkout) 1.fill in 填写 fill in an application form 填写申请表 2.agree with sb 同意某人（的意见或答案） 3.expect sb to do sth 期望某人做某事 4.need doing = need to be done 5.medium-sized 中码的 6.pay attention to 注意，关注 7.at least 至少at most 至多 8.give sb instructions 给某人指令 9.all the time 一直 10.What is wrong with …?　……怎么了？ = What is the matter with…? / What is the trouble with …? 11.be sorry to do sth 很抱歉做某事 A: I hurt my foot yesterday. B: I am sorry to hear that. 12.reply to 回答，答复 13.look forward to doing sth 渴望做某事 14.hear from 收到某人来信 重点句型 1.Who do you think is the greatest person in history,Eddie? 埃迪，你认为史上最伟大的人是谁? 2.I’ve never heard of him. 我从没听说过他。 3.He's an inventor.He invented my favourite food. 他是一位发明家。他发明了我最喜爱的食物。 4.South African,a fighter for the rights of black Africans all his life. 南非人，一位终生为非洲黑人的权利而奋斗的战士。 5.Italian,one of the first Europeans to discover America. 意大利人，首批发现美洲大陆的欧洲人之一。 6.Russian,a composer of classical music. 俄罗斯人，一位古典音乐作曲家。 7.He became interested in flying when he took his first flight at the age of six. 在他六岁第一次乘坐飞机时，他就开始对飞行感兴趣。 8.He received his student pilot's licence when he was 16. 他16岁时获得了学生飞行员执照。 9.He and David Scott managed to join two spacecraft together for the first time in space. 他和戴维·斯科特首次成功地将两个航天器在太空对接。 10.However,on their way back to the Earth,the spacecraft began spinning out of control. 然而，在他们返回地球的途中，宇宙飞船开始快速旋转，失去控制。 11.Armstrong received the order to cut the flight short. 阿姆斯特朗接到缩短航程的指令。 12.He said the famous words "one small step for (a) man,one giant leap for mankind"as he stepped out onto the Moon's surface. 当他踏上月球表面时，他说了那句名言：“对于个人是一小步，对于人类是一个巨大的飞跃”。 13.They collected Moon rocks to take back to the Earth for further research. 他们采集了月球岩石以带回地球作进一步研究。 14.Because of his excellent service,Neil Armstrong was presented the Medal of Freedom,the highest award that a US citizen can receive. 因为表现出色，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗被授予自由勋章，这是美国公民能够获得的最高奖励。 15. He was the pride of the whole world. 他是全世界的骄傲。 16.It was brave of him to go to a place that was unknown to humans at that time. 他很勇敢，到一个当时人类未知的地方去。 17.She also pushed for the use of X-ray machines,which are now widely used in hospitals. 她(居里夫人)还推动了X光设备的使用，这种设备现已在医院广泛应用。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$