新概念英语第二册Lesson 31 Success story 讲义

新概念第二册 Lesson 31 Success story 1、 单词精讲 retire /r 'ta / 【释义】vi.退休 【例句】He retired from the business when he was 60.60岁的时候他从公司退休了。 【释义】vt. 使退休 【例句】The company retired him as soon as he reached sixty. 他一到六十岁,公司就让他退休了。 【联想】retire retirement /r 'ta ment/n.退休 tire/ta / v.(使)疲惫 company /'k mp ni/ 【释义】n.①公司,商号 【例句】My father works for an oil company我父亲在一家石油公司上班。 【释义】② 作伴,陪伴 【例句】I'm very glad of your company很高兴有你陪伴。 【搭配】acompanyof一队,一组 in company 当众;一起 company with 与……同时;与……一起 【联想】company accompany v. 陪伴 companion n. 同伴 bicycle /'ba s k l/ 【释义】n.自行车 【例句】They usually go to school bybicycle. 他们通常骑自行车上学。 【联想】bicycle motorcycle n.摩托车 recycle v.回收利用 save /se v/ 【释义】vt.&vi.①积蓄,储蓄,攒钱 【例句】I saved part ofmy salary each month.我每月把工资存起来一部分。 【释义】② 救,挽救 【例句】He saved the boy from the fire.他从火中救出了那个男孩。 【释义】③ 节省,节约 【例句】We’ll take a taxi to save time.我们坐出租车,好节省时间。 【释义】④ 保留,保存 【例句】Save some food for me.给我留点吃的。 【搭配】save up 储存,储蓄 save 存钱 save a child fron drowninp 救溺水的小孩 save one's life救某人的命 save a hal 【联想】save saving n.存款 救球 存档 workshop /'w :k p/ 【释义】n.①车间;作坊 【例句】 Few work-related accidents took place in this workshop last year. 去年该车间很少发生工伤事故。 【释义】②研讨会;讲习班 【例句】 helper /'help / 【释义】n.帮手,助手 【例句】He is a good helper to his father.他是他父亲的好助手。 【联想】helpless adj无助的 helper help /help/v.&n.帮助helpful adj.有帮助的 employ / m'pl / 【释义】vt,①雇用 【例句】The factory employed forty workers in all.那个工厂一共雇了四十名工人。 【释义】②应用,运用,使用:… 【例句】The police had to employ force to enter the building. 警察不得不强行进入大楼。 【搭配】be employed in doing sth.从事于;忙于(做某事) in the employ of sb.受雇于某人 employment n.雇用 【联想】employ employee n.雇员 employer n.雇主 【辨析】employ, hire engage 1.employ是长时间“雇用”,指雇用正式的人员。 The company employs many experienced engineers. 这家公司雇佣了许多经验丰富的工程师。 2hire是(临时或一次性)“雇用”,指雇用非正式的人员。 We hired some workers to help with the moving.我们雇了一些工人来帮忙搬家。 3.engage是(经签约)“聘用,雇用”(专业人员)从事服务性工作。 They engaged a famous lawyer to defend their case. 他们聘请了一位著名的律师来为他们的案子辩护。 grandson /gr ns n/ 【释义】n.孙子;外孙 【例句】Our grandson is quite naughty.我们的外孙相当顽皮。 【链接】granddaughter 孙女;外孙女 2、 重点句型 过去进行时与一般过去时 过去进行时表示过去某个时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作,和一般过去时经常在一个句子里使用。与一般过去时相比,它更强调动作的持续性,一般过去时则表示比较短暂的动作或事件。在叙述故事时,过去进行时往往用来表示背景。 When I was watering the garden, it began to rain. As I was getting on the bus, I slipped and hurt my foot. 关于used to do的用法 used to do表示过去有过但现在已不存在的习惯,以便将过去与现在形成对照。它后面经常用由but now…,but not…any more/any longer等构成的、用了一般现在时的句子以强调过去和现在的不同之处。 I used to smoke, but I don’t any more/longer. used to仅用于一般过去。它的疑问句和否定句形式可以不用助动词do而用used本身。 Used he to smoke? He usedn’t /used not to smoke. 但比较常用的形式是did和didn’t Did he use to smoke?He didn’t use to smoke. 在针对used to提问时,一般也用did: 3、 课文精讲 Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man.昨天下午弗兰克 霍金斯向我讲述了他年轻时的经历。 was telling, 过去进行时 [was/were doing],故事或事情发生时的背景往往用进行时态 ; as conj. 在这里相当于一个时间状语从句:when/as he was a young man. ; as 当 ... 的时候;experience n. 经历 - 可数名词 , 经验 - 不可数名词 , 实践 阅历 v. 体会 体验 经历 感受 ; experienced adj. 有经验的 老练的 = seasoned; inexperienced adj. 无经验的 ; inexperience n. 经验不足 ; Before he retired, Frank was the head of a very large business company,but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. 在退休前,弗兰克是一家非常大的商业公司的经理,但他小时候却在一家小铺里做工。 as a boy = as he was a boy. 介词短语作状语; head是“首领、头目”的意思,“the head of+名词”的意思是“……的老板,头” used to do 过去经常做 , 而现在已经停止 , 不再重复的动作; be used to doing 习惯做某事; work v. 工作 ; work...as... 作为 ... 工作 : Frank used to work as the head of a very large business company. ; shop n. 小作坊 商店 =store; It was his job to repair bicycles and at that time he used to work fourteen hours a day.他那时的工作是修理自行车,并且通常是一天工作 14 个小时。 不定式或动名词短语作主语时谓语动词常用单数形式;repair v. 修理 ; bicycle n. 自行车 = bike;at that time = just then = at that moment; He saved money for years and in 1958 he bought a small workshop of his own. 他靠多年积蓄,于 1958 年买下了自己的一个小铺子。 save v. 挽救 节省,此处为积蓄; economize 经济节省(能用的尽量不用); for 表示 时间 长度 距离; workshop n. 车间 铺子; of one's own属于某人自己的 ; my own book= a book of my own; 用 of one's own 或 one's own 由被修饰词的位置决定,如果修饰词在前边用 of one's own,否则用 one's own;on sb's own 独自一人 = alone; buy-bought-bought v. 购买 ; In his twenties Frank used to make spare parts for aeroplanes. At that time he had two helpers.20 多岁的时候,弗兰克曾生产飞机零配件。那时他有两个帮手。 in his twenties 在他 20 多岁的时候 ; in one’s thirties/fourties, in one's - ies, 在某人几十多岁的时候 in the 1980s 二十世纪八十年代 in my fifties 在我五十多岁的时候 ;in one's teens 在某人十几岁时 ;make spare parts 生产零配件;helper n. 帮手 助手 = assistant ; In a few years the small workshop had become a large factory which employed seven hundred and twenty-eight people. 几年之后,小铺子已经发展成了一个雇有 728 人的大工厂。 which 引导定语从句修饰 factory; employ v. 雇佣 employee n. 雇员 employer n. 雇佣者 employment n. 就业; underemployment n. 失业; 当 hundred, thousand 等词前加数词时,词尾不加 s, 表示确指 ; houndreds of 成百上千的;thoudsands of 成千上万的; Frank smiled when he remembered his hard early years and the long road to success.弗兰克回想着他早年的艰难经历和走过的漫长的成功之路,微笑了。 remember v. 记得 想起 回忆;memory n. 记忆;memorize v.; long way to go 很长的路要走 you see , I still have a long way to go. ; hard adj. adv. 艰难的;hard early years 早年的艰辛 long road/way to success 通往成功的长路 ; success n. 成功 ; successful adj. 成功的; successfully adv. 成功地 ; unsuccessful adj. 不成功的;successive adj. 连续的 相继的 ; successively adv. 连续 先后 渐渐 ; succeed vi. 成功 succeed in sth. 成功做某事 ; succeed to 继承 ; successor n. 继任者 接替者 ; He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. She wanted him to repair their grandson's bicycle! 他正笑着的时候门开了,他的妻子走了进来。她叫他去修理孙子的自行车。 was smiling, 过去进行时 [was/were doing] 过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 , 出现在 (1) 一个故事的背景 (2) 和另外一件事同时发生 ; still adv. 仍然 还 ; when 时间状语从句; 句子中想强调的部分置前或作主句,此句强调 he was still smiling;enter = go/come in; return = go back; want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 ; repair v. 修理 maintain v. 保养 ; grandson n. 孙子 granddaughter n. 孙女 ; bicycle n. 自行车 = bike; laugh v. 笑 laugh at 嘲笑 ; laughter n. 笑 ; realize v. 领悟 理解 认识到 实现 ; realization n. 认识 领会 领悟 ; realizable adj. 可实现的 可行的 ; 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$