新概念英语第二册Lesson 37 The Olympic Games讲义

新概念第二册 Lesson 37 The Olympic Games 1、 单词精讲 Olympic [e\'limpik] adj.奥林匹克的。 the Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会 = the Olympics 奥运会上 at the Olympic Games = at the Olympics 赢得奥运会金牌 win the Olympic gold medal 奥运金牌获得者 an Olympic gold medallist (1) The Olympic Games are held every four years. (奥林匹克运动会每四年举办一次。) (2) Many athletes dream of participating in the Olympics. 许多运动员梦想参加奥运会。 hold [hould] v.召开 hold held held hold a meeting/party 召开会议/举办派对 hold a conversation 进行对话 hold talks 举行会谈 hold the record for... 保持着...的记录 We will hold a meeting to discuss the new project tomorrow. (我们明天将召开会议讨论新项目。) It's important to hold a conversation with your parents regularly. (定期和你的父母进行对话是很重要的。) The two countries will hold talks on trade issues next week. (两国将于下周就贸易问题举行会谈。) He holds the record for the fastest running in this school. (他保持着这所学校最快跑步的记录。) government [\'gAvernment] n.政府 government spending on sth. 政府在...方面的支出/开销 The government is responsible for providing public services. (政府负责提供公共服务。) The government spending on education has increased in recent years. (近年来政府在教育方面的支出有所增加。) immense [I\'mens] adj.巨大的 (1)The building is of immense size.(这座建筑规模巨大。) (2)There is an immense amount of water in the ocean.(海洋里有非常多的水。) fantastic [f n\'t stik] adj. ①巨大的 a fantastic amount+of +不可数n. 大量的。。。 There is a fantastic amount of data to be analyzed in this project.(这个项目中有大量的数据需要分析。) ②极好的,棒极了 We had a fantastic time at the amusement park.(我们在游乐园度过了极好的时光。) stadium ['steidiem] n.露天体育场 复数:stadiums/stadia the Olympic Stadium 奥林匹克体育场/奥运会场馆 national stadium 国家体育场 The Olympic Stadium was full of excited spectators during the Games. (在奥运会期间,奥林匹克体育场里坐满了兴奋的观众。) The national stadium is not only a place for sports events but also a symbol of the city.(国家体育场不仅是体育赛事的举办地,也是这座城市的一个象征。) standard 〔'st nderd〕 n.标准,水平 be up to standard 达到标准 be below standard 不符合标准 达到卫生标准 reach hygiene standards 达到安全标准 meet safety standards 生活水平 living standards= the standard of living The quality of these products is up to standard, so they can be sold on the market. (这些产品的质量达到标准,所以可以在市场上销售。) The performance of this machine is below standard and needs to be improved. (这台机器的性能不符合标准,需要改进。) This restaurant has reached hygiene standards and can continue to operate. (这家餐厅达到了卫生标准,可以继续营业。) All the new cars must meet safety standards before they are sold.(所有的新车在销售之前必须达到安全标准。) With the development of the economy, people's living standards have been greatly improved.(随着经济的发展,人们的生活水平得到了极大的提高。) capital n. 首都;首府 Beijing is the capital of China.(北京是中国的首都。) Paris is the capital of France.(巴黎是法国的首都。) 大写字母 You should start this sentence with a capital.(你应该用大写字母开始这个句子。) Write your name in capitals.(用大写字母写你的名字。) 资本;资金 The company needs more capital to expand its business.(公司需要更多的资金来扩展业务。) He has invested a large amount of capital in the stock market.(他在股票市场投入了大量资本。) adj. 大写的 Capital letters are used at the beginning of sentences and for proper nouns.(大写字母用于句子开头和专有名词。) 首要的;重要的 This is a capital decision for our company.(这对我们公司来说是一个重要的决定。) Safety is of capital importance in this project.(在这个项目中,安全至关重要。) design (1)vt.,vi.设计图样: She designs beautiful dresses for a famous fashion brand. (她为一个著名的时尚品牌设计漂亮的连衣裙。) He is good at designing unique furniture.(他擅长设计独特的家具。) (2)vt.,vi.打算(做……),计划: They design to start their own business next year.(他们打算明年开始自己的生意。) I design to visit my grandparents this weekend. (我计划这个周末去看望我的祖父母。) (3)n.图样,图纸;设计: The design of this building is very modern and innovative.(这座建筑的设计非常现代和创新。) I like the design on this piece of fabric. It's very intricate.(我喜欢这块布料上的图样,它非常复杂。) 2、 重点句型 一般将来完成时(The future perfect simple tense) (1)一般将来时和将来进行时。 一般将来时除了可以用来预言将来发生的事以外,还可以表示“意愿”,如允诺、建议、请求、提议等: 允诺 I will take you to the park tomorrow.我明天将带你去公园。 建议 We will go swimming this weekend. It's a great way to relax. 我们这个周末去游泳吧。这是个很好的放松方式。 请求 Will you pass me the book?你能递给我那本书吗? 提议 I will organize a party for her birthday.我将为她的生日组织一个聚会。 (2)将来完成时用于表示到将来某一时刻已经完成的动作: 将来完成时由will have+ 过去分词构成。它常与by和not…till/ until+ 表示时间的名词连用: 与by连用 By the end of this year, I will have finished reading ten books. 到今年年底,我将已经读完十本书了。 与not…till/until + 表示时间的名词连用 He will not have received the package until next Monday. 直到下周一他才会收到包裹 3、 课文精讲 The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years'time. 4年以后,奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举行。 (1)作为专有名词的一部分时 games 的第一个字母要大写。 hold—词多义,常用于以下短语: 1) hold against 责怪 We shouldn't hold his pastmistakes against him. 我们不应该因为他过去的过错而责怪他。 2) hold back = hold in,keep back 控制;阻止 I was unable to hold backmy anger any longer.我无法控制我的怒火了。 3) hold down 压低 The government will holdthe prices down.政府将会把物价压下来。 4) hold off = put off 拖延 Will the snow hold offuntil after the game?雪会拖到比赛结束之后再下吗? 5)hold out Will the old car hold outtill we reach Shanghai? 这辆旧车能够支持到我们抵达上海吗? 6) hold to 坚持 My wife will hold to herdecision.我妻子将坚持她的决定。 7) hold up提出(作为榜样) Bill was held up as amodel of good husband.比尔被推举为模范丈夫。 8) hold on不挂断电话;坚持,保持 The speaker held on for afull hour.演讲者讲了整整一个小时。 (2)这句话的语态是被动语态用于一般将来时(will be held)。 (3)in four years' time,4年之后。in的这种用法在第9课的语法中已经讲过,它通常与将来时连用表示“……时间之后”: I will graduate from college in four years' time. 四年之后我将大学毕业。 As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. 由于将有大批的人到我们国家来,所以政府准备建造一些新的饭店、一个大型体育场和一个新的奥运会标准游泳池。 (1) 连词as 表示比较,as...as意为“和……一样,像……一样”: This book is as interesting as that one.这本书和那本书一样有趣。 表示方式,意为“像,如同;按照” You should do as the teacher tells you.你应该按照老师说的去做。 表示时间,意为“当……的时候,一边……一边……”: As I was walking in the park, I saw a beautiful flower.(当……的时候) 当我在公园散步的时候,我看到了一朵美丽的花。 She sings as she works.(一边……一边……)她一边工作一边唱歌。 作介词,意为“作为”: As a student, you should study hard.作为一名学生,你应该努力学习。 表示原因,意为“因为,既然”: As it is raining heavily, we'd better stay at home. 因为雨下得很大,我们最好待在家里。 表示结果和目的,意为“以至于,以便”: He got up early as to catch the first bus.他早起以便赶上第一班公交车。 表示让步,意为“虽然,尽管”: Young as he is, he is very knowledgeable.虽然他很年轻,但他知识渊博。 (2)“建筑”一般需要很长的时间,所以采用将来进行时will bebuilding。 (3)Olympic-standard 是个“形容词+名词”形式的复合形容词,作定语。虽然字典中通常不把它作为一个词条,但它的含义是一目了然的。 They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. 他们还将修筑一些新的道路和一条铁路专线。 special 在此处表示“专门的”、“特设的”。 line 既可以笼统地指两地间的“铁路线路”, 又可以具体地指包括路基、枕木等的“铁路轨线”。 城市交通常用词汇: magnetic suspension train 磁悬浮列车 underground/tube(英),subway(美)地铁,地道 overpass/crossover 过街天桥 underpass地下通道 pedestrian street 步行街 tunnel隧道 The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called ‘Olympic City’. 奥运会就在首都市郊举办,整个地区将被称作“奥林匹克城”。 此句为并列句,句子主干采用将来时的被动语态。 奥运会常用词汇:. bid for the Olympic Games 申办奥运会 Olympic Committee 奥委会 Olympic City奥林匹克城 Media Village 媒体村 athlete运动员 journalist, gazetteer,pressman, reporter 记者 volunteer自愿者 medal奖牌 gold medal 金牌 silver medal 银牌 copper, medal 铜牌 Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year, 工人们将在今年年底把新路铺好。 用于被动语态:The play was composed by Mozart.这部戏剧是莫扎特创作的。 在……边上: We had a picnic by the lake.我们在湖边野餐。 以……方式:He makes a living by painting.他以绘画为生。 表示乘坐交通工具:She goes to work by bus every day.她每天乘公交车上班。 “by + 时间”意为“到结束时” : by the end of this year 到今年年底 by the end of this term 到学期结束 by the end of spring /summer / fall / winter 到春末/夏终/秋尾/冬末 By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadium. 到明年年底,他们将把新体育场建成。 此句为一个典型的“by the end of... +将来完成时”的结构。 The fantastic modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter. 这些巨大的现代化建筑物是由库尔特 冈特设计的。 本句为现在完成时的被动语态。 Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up. 大家都将急切地注视着新建筑物的建成。 (1)watch 在此处表示“关注”而不是真的盯着看。 (2)as在这里为连词,相当于while,表示“当”、“正值”,它引导的从句虽然表示将来的动作,但要用一般现在时。 (3)go up 为短语动词,其含义之一为“(建筑物)被兴建起来”: Many new houses are going up in this district. 这个地区正兴建许多新房子。 We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country. 我们都非常激动,盼望着奥运会的到来,因为在这个国家还从未举办过奥运会。 本句中because引导原因状语从句,主句由and连接并列谓语动词。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$