北京市交通大学附属中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中英语试题

高 一 英 语 命题人：高一英语备课组 审题人：高一英语备课组 2024.11 说明：本试卷共9页，共120分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。 第一部分：听力理解(共三节，21分) 第一节 (共4 小题； 每小题1分，共4分) 听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。 .1. What will the two speakers do together? A. Sign up for a club. B. Meet the teacher. C. Have a study group. .2. Where does this conversation probably take place? A. In a hotel. B. At an airport. C. In a restaurant. 3. Why is the woman worried? A. She takes the wrong bus. B. She gets off at the wrong stop. C. She goes to the wrong hospital. 4. What will the speakers have for dinner? A. Japanese food. B. Mexican food. C. Chinese food. 第二节 (共6小题； 每小题1.5分，共9分) 听下面2段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。 听第 5 段材料, 回答第 5 至 7 题。 5. Which club will the man join? A. The under 14s. B. The under 15s. C. The under 16s. 6. How long will the man train each week? A. 1.5 hours. B. 3 hours. C.4.5 hours. 7. What does the man need to do to join the club? A. Pay for the training. B. Fill out a form. C. Take a family photo. 听第 6 段材料, 回答第 8 至 10 题。 8. Who is receiving the message? A. David. B. Jackie. C. Jimmy. 9. Which is the right way to the party? 10. Why does the man leave this message? A. To make an invitation. B. To express his excitement. C. To explain the way to the party. 第三节(共4小题； 每小题2分，共8分) 听下面…段独白，完成第11至 14四道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后，你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。 Assignment Task Attend a(n) _____11__ & write about it Place ____12____ Gallery at 168, Fairy Street Time Throughout ____13_____ Artist Rose ___14____ Style Realistic Impressionism 第二部分：知识运用 (共两节，30分) 第一节 完形填空 (共10小题； 每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 When I look back at the first half of the year, I am amazed by how many challenges I have been through. But the biggest one was definitely my high school graduation 15 . When I first arrived in the Czech Republic four years ago, I was just a normal exchange 16 who spoke only English. Then at the end of the year-long exchange program, I came up with the idea of 17 my high school studies there. At that time, I was only 16 and delighted by my new future, but I didn't realize the 18 of completing school in the Czech language, which is considered to be one of the most 19 languages in the world. As I 20 knowledge of certain subjects, I received the worst marks and people around me doubted whether I could graduate. However, I practiced all the time. Gradually, I could communicate with others fluently, and my 21 grew. The final exam day came. Thinking about everyone who had helped and supported me along my journey, I felt、…22 and confident. In May, I received notice that I had 23 the exam. At my graduation ceremony, my Czech teacher said very proudly in front of everyone: “One student, she is from China, with only three years of learning Czech. She 24 . She should have a golden folder for the certification.” My journey through high school was finally finished, though the journey of university is just about to begin. I think I am ready! .15. A. speech B. exam C. trip D. ceremony . 16. A. teacher B. expert C. engineer D. student 17. A. finishing B. quitting C. examining D. preparing 18. A. value B. ability C. challenge D. benefit 19. A. beautiful B. difficult C. common D. popular 20. A. lacked B. gained C. increased D. pursued 21. A. desire B. fear C. confidence D. burden 22. A. bothered B. troubled C. ashamed D. encouraged 23. A. passed B. failed C. avoided D. missed .24. A. got away B. broke down C. made it D. calmed down 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题； 每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Inspired by some wonderful teachers from small villages, Zhang Tian 25 ( apply) to be a volunteer teacher in a village school in Guizhou province after graduation. Although life there was more 26 ( challenge) than he had thought, he found ways to make students school life healthier and more attractive. Besides teaching, he also made contributions to ( help) the villagers sell local products online. Now the village is like his second home. B In the last seven days I 28 ( see) the pressure that the NHS ( National Health Service) is under. I have seen the personal courage not just of the doctors and nurses but of everyone, the cleaners, the cooks, the health care workers of every description—physios, radiographers — — 29 have kept coming to work, kept putting themselves in harm's way, and kept risking this deadly virus. It is due 30 the courage, the devotion, the duty and the love that our NHS has been unbeatable. C In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of “mastery”— feeling important and worthwhile — and the sources of what we call a sense of “pleasure”— finding life enjoyable —31 ( be) not always the same. Women often are told “You can't have it all.” Sometimes the speaker really is saying is: “You choose a career, so you can't expect 33 ( have) closer relationships or a happy family life.” Or “You have a wonderful husband and ( child)— what's all this about wanting a career?” But women need to understand and develop both aspects of well-being(幸福), if they are to feel good about themselves. 第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，34分) 第一节 (共12小题； 每小题2分，共24分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A The Education Outreach Section of the United Nations Department of Public Information invites young people from around the world between the ages of 15 and 24 to submit 10- to 15-second videos in English on how the Sustainable Development Goals can build peace. When making your videos, think about why ending poverty, addressing climate change, forging equality and ensuring access to education are important to creating a more peaceful world. The most engaging videos will be featured on the United Nations International Day of Peace YouTube channel. Some will even be shown at an official event at United Nations Headquarters in New York on 16 September. We will be posting selected clips at www.youtube.com/channel from 13 June (the start of the 100-day countdown) through 21 September, the International Day of Peace. When you make your video, please state your name and country at the beginning. And remember that all videos should be appropriate for younger audiences. We’ll be accepting your submissions from now until 1 September. So start sending your videos to unitednationspeaceday@gmail.com today! Background: The International Day of Peace falls on 21 September. The General Assembly has declared this as a day devoted to strengthening the ideals of peace, both within and among all nations and peoples. Every year on this day, the United Nations calls on the people of the world to remember their common humanity and join together to build a future free of conflicts. The theme for this year, “The Sustainable Development Goals: Building Blocks for Peace”, highlights how ending poverty, protecting the planet and ensuring prosperity for everyone all contribute to global harmony. The Sustainable Goals cover a broad range of issues, including poverty, hunger, health, education, climate change, gender equality, water, sanitation, energy, environment and social justice. More information on the International Day of Peace and the Sustainable Development Goals: http://www.un.org/en/events/peaceday. 35. Participants should . A. submit the videos no later than l September B. come up with solutions to global problems C. upload clips onto the appointed website D. be at least twenty-four years old 36. What might be the proper words to start the video? A. My name is Jimena, and I'm from Peru. B. Hello, I'd like to introduce the event first. C. Today I want to say something to young audiences. D. What is the key to creating a more peaceful world? 37. Once chosen, the video will be . A. filmed on the International Day of Peace B. shown at the theater in New York C. posted on the web for one year D. put on a YouTube channel 38. What is the main purpose of the activity? A. To popularize the International Day of Peace among the youth. B. To draw attention to the education of the next generation. C. To raise young people's concern about world peace. D. To collect video materials for the websites. B Olympic athletes pour everything into training for the Games, routinely pushing their physical and mental bounds to the limit—— and beyond—— for a shot at a gold medal. But getting into shape for what comes after the closing ceremony can be equally crucial, especially if the end of the Games also means the end of professional competition. Team USA rower Kate Knighton, a first-time Olympian at the 2024 Summer Games in Paris, understands the mental stress that a sudden exit from the highest levels of competitive life can bring. In 2022 she experienced a near career-ending spine (脊椎) injury. Many studies have found that top athletes— professional, college and Olympic— often face a range of short- and long-term mental health issues, including exhaustion, eating issues, anxiety and depression. Emotions are heightened by the nature of the event itself. The Olympics is a massive cultural event—a combination of global public attention, financial investment and media coverage. New international celebrities are created, and some competitors’ reputations are ruined during various complaints. Athletes are under the pressure of representing their country and winning medals in front of worldwide audience. “But then all of that publicity and intensity around being an Olympian falls off very quickly,” says Cogan, a lead sport psychologist. Painful decisions can follow: Do I want to keep competing? Should I pursue a completely different direction or occupation? Such questions can be even more anxiety-causing if athletes have injuries and need surgery or recovery, Cogan says. It's more about making a map of how to get to a destination. Once you get there, it's like, “Now what?” A 2023 paper explained the identity crises athletes face as a result of overfocus on performance, leaving their non-sporting personalities underdeveloped. In a 2018 paper, Howells wrote that athletes with a greater “myopic” focus are more at risk of the “blues”. “It is common for top competitors to have this very high athletic identity,” says Howells. “They’ve sacrificed (牺牲) every other aspect of their identity for the purpose of being an Olympian. They seem unable to realize that their actions might have negative consequences in the future.” Efforts to minimize this mindset have helped some athletes to open up more about their mental health. Experts advise Olympians to start conversations about mental health support well before the Games begin. Olympians should also discuss mental health monitoring strategies before, during and after the Games. Athletes and experts say the sporting industry has, in the last decade, been promoting better work-life balance outside of the game, which they think is the key to approaching the issue. Briana, a soccer goalkeeper, says that her team and coaches actively encourage spending quality time with families and significant others, as well as finding hobbies that feel joyful and rewarding. 39. What is the main cause for Olympic athletes' mental breakdown? A. A sense of loss. B. The media coverage. C. The audience's attention. D. The pressure of competition. 40. What does the underlined word “myopic” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. improper. B. short-sighted. C. imbalanced. D. narrow-minded. 41. What might be a fundamental solution to the athletes' identity crisis? A. Adopting mental health monitoring strategics. B. Discussing their problems openly and publicly. C. Developing a sense of identity beyond the sport. D. Adjusting their mindset of sacrificing themselves. 42. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Olympic Athletes Suffering from Stress B. From Bad to Worse: Athletes’ Well-being C. Athletes Adapting to Post-Olympic Period D. From Hero to Zero: the Post-Olympic Blues C Alzheimer’ s AI About 5.7 million people in the U. S. have Alzheimer's disease— the most common type of dementia(痴呆)— and that number is expected to more than double by 2050. Early diagnosis (诊断) is crucial for patients to benefit from the few therapies (疗法) available. But no scans can deliver a conclusive diagnosis while a person is alive; instead doctors have to conduct numerous and difficult clinical and neuropsychological tests. So there is growing interest in developing artificial intelligence to identify Alzheimer's based on brain imaging. Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, have now successfully trained an Al algorithm(算法) to recognize one of the early signs of Alzheimer’ s——a reduction in the brain’ s glucose(葡萄糖) consumption(消耗)— in positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. The algorithm accurately predicted an eventual Alzhcimer's diagnosis in nearly all the test cases, according to the study. In PET imaging, a very small amount of a radioactive compound are added into the body, producing three-dimensional images of metabolism (新陈代谢), circulation and other cellular (细胞的) activities. PET is well suited for an AI diagnostic tool because Alzheimer's leads to small changes in the brain's metabolism that begin years before neural(神经的) tissue starts to go downhill, says study co-author Jae Ho Sohn, a radiologist at UCSF. These changes are “very hard for radiologists to pick up,” he notes. The algorithm was trained and tested on 2,100 PET brain images from about 1,000 people 55 years and older. The images came from a 12-year study that tracked people who would eventually be diagnosed with Alzheimer's, as well as those with mild memory declines and healthy control participants. The algorithm was trained on 90 percent of the data and tested on the remaining 10 percent. It was then retested on a second, independent data set from 40 patients monitored for 10 years. The algorithm was highly sensitive and was able to recognize 81 percent of the patients in the first test group and 100 percent in the second who would be diagnosed with Alzheimer's six years later, on average. The findings were published in February in Radiology. The algorithm is based on “deep learning”, a machine-learning technique that uses artificial neural networks programmed to learn from examples. “This is one of the first promising, preliminary(初步的) applications of deep learning to the diagnosis of Alzheimer’ s,” says Christian Salvatore, a physicist at Italy's National Research Council, who was not involved in the study. “The model performs very well when identifying patients with mild or late diagnoses”, he says, “but catching it in the earliest stages remains one of the most critical open issues in this field.” 43. People are increasingly interested in using AI to recognize Alzheimer's because . A. there are only a limited number of effective therapies for the patients B. the number of people suffering from dementia is more than doubling C. diagnostic methods which are both reliable and convenient are in need D. diagnosing Alzheimer's disease through AI is still an undiscovered area 44. What can we learn about PET imaging? A. It recognizes the worsening of the neural tissue. B. It reduces the glucose consumption in the brain. C. It changes the pattern of the brain's metabolism. D. It photographs various kinds of cellular activities. 45. According to Paragraph 4, . A. the algorithm managed to recognize all the patients in the second test group B.81% of the people in the first test group were diagnosed with Alzheimer’ s C. the participants in the study consist of people both young and old D. 90% of the people in the study were trained on the algorithm 46. What can be inferred from Paragraph 5? A. Whether to use the model to examine Alzheimer's remains a critical issue. B. To examine Alzheimer's in its curliest stages calls for more exploration. C. Deep learning has been widely applied in diagnosing Alzhcimer's. D. The algorithm serves as a promising treatment of Alzheimer’ s. 第二节 (共5小题； 每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 If you needed another excuse to grab another cup of coffee, consider this research an approval to do so. An analysis of 12 studies looked at nearly 350,000 individuals and more than 8,000 cases of sadness. 47 In China, researchers analyzed 15 studies with more than 330,000 total participants. Their results showed that for every cup of coffee people drank, they reduced their risk of sadness by 8 percent. 48 Harvard researchers studied 10 years' worth of data from 51,000 women, none of whom had sadness to begin with. The results showed that the women who drank the most coffee( four or more cups a day) were 20 percent less likely to develop sadness than those who drank little or none. Yes, coffee just got more magical than you thought possible. But why is this? 49 Coffee contains chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid, all of which reduce the inflammation of nerve cells(神经细胞) that bring on sadness. Caffeine also has some antioxidant characteristics, which can help relieve inflamed areas of the brain. 50 Some side effects of a heavy caffeine intake include anxiety, headaches, restlessness, and increased blood pressure. If the body experiences these too often, it could actually raise the level of the inflammation that may contribute to sadness. Once the caffeine wears off, coffee drinkers may experience a drop in mood. One interesting study found that drinking more coffee decreased chances of self-murder, until participants drank eight or more cups a day. Then the risk increased by 58 percent. So by all means, grab an extra cup, but be sure to limit your intake. A. More researches should be done to explain the relation between caffeine and sadness. B. Researchers found that caffeine, particularly coffee, had a protective effect against sadness. C. Besides a caffeine rise, you can become more refreshed after having a next cup of coffee. D. Before you store up at café, know that it is possible to drink too much coffee. E. The secret is in the coffee's anti-inflammatory characteristics. F. People who are already sad can feel the effect more strongly. G. The encouraging news doesn't stop there. 第四部分：书面表达(共三节，35分) 第一节 完成词块 (共10小题； 每小题1分，共10分) 1. 我生活的新篇章 6. 在所有的课上专注 2. 设定可实现的目标 7. 对……负责 3. 为车手们欢呼鼓掌 8. 消磨时间 4. 符合某人的期望 9. 让某人远离网络世界 5. 解锁(培养) 新技能 10. 被提醒做某事 第二节 完成句子(共5 小题； 每小题1分，共5分) 注意：请把答案部分直接填写在答题纸上。 11. Every minute .(很重要) (注意: 此空仅可填写一个词) 12. (书 他感到满意的) was that his students were able to read, speak and write in English. 13. Being a doctor means I have to make correct decisions all the time, .(给了我很大压力) 14. Nothing gives one more satisfaction than realizing that in the end.(所有的汗水和辛苦都是值得的) 15. I prefer (与朋友锻炼) rather than exercise by myself. 第三节 书面表达 (20分) 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友 Jim 从网上看到了中国学生做“课间操”( exercise between classes)的图片, 向你询问有关情况。请你给他回复邮件, 介绍相关信息,内容包括： 1、课间操的基本情况 (时间、次数、内容……)； 2、你们做课间操的好处。 注意: 1. 词数 100 左右; 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$