Unit 4 Natural Disasters 重点短语听写+阅读练习-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

重点词汇敏感性优化训练 下表词汇-全班高考卷面熟词率_______%，请按要求完成速记练习和语境阅读训练。 一、重点词汇 快速浏览下表词汇，对照音标发声拼读，不必追求马上记住、记牢。 1. flood into 美[flʌd ˈɪntu] 2. have an effect on 美[hæv ən ɪˈfɛkt ɑn] phrase 涌入 phrase 对...有影响 3. as if 美[æz ɪf] 4. in ruins 美[ɪn ˈruːɪnz] phrase 仿佛，好像 phrase 成为废墟;处于毁坏状态 5. in shock 美[ɪn ʃɑk] 6. bury oneself in 美[ˈbɛri wʌnˈsɛlf ɪn] phrase 处于震惊状态 phrase 埋头于，专心于 7. make efforts to do 美[meɪk ˈɛfərts tu du] 8. stuff from 美[stʌf frʌm] phrase 努力做 phrase 来自...的东西 9. in the open air 美[ɪn ði ˈoʊpən ɛr] 10. aid to do 美[eɪd tu du] phrase 在户外，露天 phrase 帮助做 11. sweep away 美[swip əˈweɪ] 12. at length 美[æt lɛŋkθ] phrase 清除，席卷 phrase 最后，终于;详尽地 13. it strikes sb that 美[ɪt straɪks ˌsʌmbədi 14. on hand 美[ɑn hænd] ðæt] phrase 在手边，现成 phrase 某人突然意识到 15. in summary 美[ɪn ˈsʌməri] phrase 总之，概括地说 二、单词抄写 对照词义，按顺序抄写单词，抄写时应出声拼读单词以增加语感。本练习是抄写而非默写，遇到障碍应及时查阅重点词汇表，以免浪费时间。 1. 努力做 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 2. 涌入 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 3. 在户外，露天 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 4. 成为废墟;处于毁坏状态 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 5. 仿佛，好像 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 6. 最后，终于;详尽地 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 7. 处于震惊状态 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 8. 埋头于，专心于 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 9. 对...有影响 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 10. 清除，席卷 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 11. 在手边，现成 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 12. 来自...的东西 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 1 13. 总之，概括地说 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 14. 帮助做 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 15. 某人突然意识到 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 16. 努力做 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 17. 涌入 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 18. 在户外，露天 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 19. 成为废墟;处于毁坏状态 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 20. 仿佛，好像 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 21. 最后，终于;详尽地 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 22. 处于震惊状态 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 23. 埋头于，专心于 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 24. 对...有影响 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 25. 清除，席卷 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 26. 在手边，现成 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 27. 来自...的东西 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 28. 总之，概括地说 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 29. 帮助做 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 30. 某人突然意识到 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 31. 努力做 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 32. 涌入 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 33. 在户外，露天 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 34. 成为废墟;处于毁坏状态 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 35. 仿佛，好像 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 36. 最后，终于;详尽地 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 37. 处于震惊状态 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 38. 埋头于，专心于 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 39. 对...有影响 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 40. 清除，席卷 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 41. 在手边，现成 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 42. 来自...的东西 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 43. 总之，概括地说 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 44. 帮助做 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 45. 某人突然意识到 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 46. 努力做 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 47. 涌入 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 48. 在户外，露天 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 49. 成为废墟;处于毁坏状态 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 50. 仿佛，好像 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 51. 最后，终于;详尽地 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 52. 处于震惊状态 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 53. 埋头于，专心于 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 54. 对...有影响 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 55. 清除，席卷 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 56. 在手边，现成 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 57. 来自...的东西 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 58. 总之，概括地说 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 59. 帮助做 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 60. 某人突然意识到 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 2 三、文本敏感性训练 以下文章围绕本次重点词汇编写，目的在于提升语境中对这些词的敏感性。请在认真阅读文本的同 时，尽量提升阅读速度。阅读时切忌采用跳读、略读等“技巧”，更不要先看问题再找答案。做题的目 的是检验和保持阅读质量，而不要将阅读视作做题的负担。 Passage 1：全题共 377 词，建议用时452秒，实际用时________秒。 Once upon a time in a small village, people lived in harmony with nature. They cared for the environment as if it was a part of their family. However, one day, heavy rain started to fall, and it didn't stop for days. The rivers began to flood into the village, sweeping away houses and leaving the place in ruins. Everyone was in shock, not knowing what to do. Among the villagers, there was a young boy named Tom. He decided to bury himself in books to learn how to protect his village from future disasters. Tom made efforts to study environmental protection and how to build self-powered systems for the village. He believed that knowledge could aid to prevent such chaos. With time, the villagers came together to rebuild their homes, this time in the open air, on higher ground. They used thick materials and organized the layout so that water could flow around, not through, their homes. Tom, now seen as an environmentalist, helped to design a system that could collect rainwater for storage, preventing it from causing uncontrolled flooding. In summary, the disaster had an effect on the villagers, making them realize the significance of living in harmony with nature and being prepared for its unpredictability. It strikes everyone that by making small changes and working together, they could protect their homes and environment. Questions: 1. What motivated Tom to study environmental protection? A. The desire to leave the village B. The shock of the disaster C. A school assignment D. Advice from a friend 2. How did the villagers rebuild their homes to prevent future flooding? A. By moving to another village B. Using lighter materials C. On higher ground with a new layout D. By building walls around the village 3. What role did Tom play in the village after the disaster? A. He became a teacher. B. He was considered an environmentalist. C. He left the village. D. He became the village leader. 4. What is the main message of the story? A. Disasters are unpredictable and unavoidable. B. Knowledge and community effort can mitigate the effects of natural disasters. C. One should always be prepared to move to a safer place. D. Environmental protection is not the responsibility of villagers. Passage 2：全题共 329 词，建议用时394秒，实际用时________秒。 3 Once upon a time in a small village, people lived in harmony with nature. However, one day, dark clouds gathered, and thunder roared as if warning the villagers of an impending disaster. Soon, a heavy downfall began, and water started to flood into the village, sweeping away everything in its path. The villagers were in shock as their homes were left in ruins. Amidst the chaos, a young boy named Tom decided to make efforts to help. He buried himself in organizing aid for the villagers, encouraging everyone to donate whatever they could. With the help of self-powered trolleys, they carried supplies to those in need in the open air. Tom's actions had an effect on the entire community, as if he had infused them with a new spirit. In summary, Tom's bravery and quick thinking brought the village together. It strikes everyone that a single person's effort can indeed make a substantial difference. The villagers, once in ruins and shock, now worked hand in hand to rebuild their lives, proving that unity and mutual aid can do wonders. Questions: 1. What was the first sign of the impending disaster? A. The flood into the village B. The heavy downfall C. Thunder and dark clouds D. Houses in ruins 2. How did Tom help the villagers? A. By donating a large sum of money B. By organizing aid and encouraging donations C. By rebuilding the houses himself D. By offering emotional support to everyone 3. What had an effect on the entire community? A. The destruction caused by the flood B. The quick response of the emergency services C. Tom's actions and the spirit of unity D. The realization that nature is uncontrollable 4. What does the story suggest about individual efforts? A. They are insignificant in the face of disasters B. They can inspire others and lead to collective action C. They are less important than professional help D. They should be focused on material aid only 四、参考答案 Passage 1： 1. B 选择题答案理由 Tom的动力来自于灾难带来的震惊，这促使他学习环境保护。 2. C 理由 村民们选择在更高的地方以新的布局重建他们的家园，这样可以让水流绕过而不是穿过他们的家。 3. B 理由 灾后，Tom被视为环保主义者，帮助设计了一个收集雨水的系统。 4. B 理由 故事的主要信息是，通过知识和社区的努力，可以减轻自然灾害的影响。 参考译文 1 从前，在一个小村庄里，人们与自然和谐共处。他们像对待家人一样关爱环境。然而，有一天，大雨开始下个不停，持续了好几天。河水开始涌入村庄，冲走房屋，使这个地方变成了废墟。每个人都震惊了，不知道该怎么办。 在村民中，有一个名叫汤姆的小男孩。他决定埋头于书本，学习如何保护他的村庄免受未来灾难的侵袭。汤姆努力学习环境保护和如何为村庄建立自供能源系统。他相信知识可以帮助预防这样的混乱。 4 随着时间的推移，村民们聚集起来重建他们的家园，这次他们选择在露天的更高地带。他们使用了厚实的材料，并组织了布局，使得水可以流动在房屋周围，而不是穿过它们。汤姆，现在被视为环保主义者，帮助设计了一个系统，可以收集雨水进行储存，防止它造成无控制的洪水。总之，这场灾难对村民产生了影响，使他们意识到与自然和谐共处的重要性，并为其不可预测性做好准备。每个人都意识到，通过做出小的改变并共同努力，他们可以保护他们的家园和环境。 Passage 2： 1. C 选择题答案理由：文章开头提到了“dark clouds gathered, and thunder roared”，这是暴风雨来临的第一个迹象，所以C是正确答案。 2. B 理由：文章中提到Tom“buried himself in organizing aid for the villagers, encouraging everyone to donate whatever they could”，说明他通过组织援助和鼓励捐赠来帮助村民，因此B是正确答案。 3. C 理由：文章总结说Tom的行动“had an effect on the entire community, as if he had infused them with a new spirit”，表明是Tom的行动和团结的精神影响了整个社区，所以C是正确答案。 4. B 理由：通过Tom的故事，文章表明个人的努力可以激励他人并导致集体行动，因此B是正确答案。 参考译文 2 从前，在一个小村庄里，人们与自然和谐相处。然而，有一天，乌云密布，雷声轰鸣，仿佛在警告村民即将发生的灾难。不久，一场大雨开始了，水开始涌入村庄，席卷一切。村民们震惊了，他们的家园变成了废墟。在这场混乱中，一个名叫汤姆的小男孩决定努力帮助。他全身心地投入到为村民组织援助中，鼓励每个人捐赠他们能捐赠的任何东西。在自行动力的手推车帮助下，他们将物资运送给在露天中需要帮助的人。汤姆的行动对整个社区产生了影响，仿佛他给他们注入了新的精神。 总之，汤姆的勇敢和快速思考将村庄团结在一起。每个人都意识到一个人的努力确实可以产生重大的差异。曾经一片废墟和震惊的村民们，现在手拉手共同重建他们的生活，证明了团结和相互帮助可以创造奇迹。 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$