精品解析：广东省广州市第二中学教育集团2024-2025学年高一上学期期中英语试题

广州二中教育集团2024学年第一学期期中考试 高一英语 本试卷共10页，81小题，满分为150分。考试用时 120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号。用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的，答案无效。 4. 作答选做题时，请先用2B铅笔填涂选做题题号对应的信息点，再作答。漏涂、错涂、多涂的，答案无效。 5. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第Ⅰ卷【选择题】 第一部分 语法单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 1. Which one of the following sentences uses the sentence structure of “主+谓+宾+状”? A. I find it impossible to finish the task in time. B. They are talking about the film at the meeting. C. We have realized the importance of English. D. I will tell my friends to protect the trees 2. “Speak more, and you will improve your spoken English.” The type of the sentence is _________. A. 简单句 B. 复合句 C. 并列句 D. 感叹句 3 What kind of phrase does the underlined one belong to? “The wedding ceremony was very impressive with a lot of flowers. ” A AdjP B. NP C. AdvP D. PrepP 4. — Mr. Simpson _________ Shanghai in a few days. Shall we have a party? — I _________ a farewell party if I _________ free. A. leaves; will throw; am B. is leaving; will throw; am C. is to leave; will throw; will be D. has left; am going to throw; will be 5. It is required that a note book ______ within easy reach in case you have something important to take down during the class. A. is put B. be put C. was put D. put 6. Stephen Hawking believed that earth is unlikely to be the only planet ______ life has developed gradually. A. that B. where C. why D. which 7. Historic events inform us of past mistakes _________ we can learn something without repeating them. A. for whom B. an which C. with whom D. from which 8. I’m very grateful to the boy _________ bright smile gave me so much pleasure. A. whose B. which C. where D. when 9. He is one of those people _________ everybody will find _________ hard to please. A. that; being B. which; to be C. who; is D. whom; / 10. It was the reason _________ Dr. Johnson avoided discussing in his lecture _________ made the audience question his research design. A. why; that B. which; which C. which; that D. that; which 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Cheap volunteer programs abroad for high school students Volunteer in Peru Many kinds of popular Peru volunteer programs are provided, including Teaching, Animal Care. Medical and Amazon Jungle Conservation (保护). Volunteer work in Peru is based in the capital, Lima. • Program fees are $275 for 1 week. • Volunteers are accommodated in a volunteer house or homestay. Volunteer in Bali Bali volunteer programs include Teaching, Childcare, Environmental Education and Health Education. Volunteer work in Bali is based in the cultural center of Ubud. the northern coastal town of Lovina and the island of Nusa Penida. • Program fees are $385 for 1 week. • Volunteers are accommodated in a volunteer house within a traditional Balinese village. Volunteer in Belize The special Marine (海洋的) Conservation volunteer program is based on a private island 16 miles off the coast of Placencia in Southern Belize. Help preserve an easily-broken marine ecosystem by diving (潜水) and collecting data on amazing marine life. • Program fees are $1,050 for 1 week. • Volunteers are accommodated on a private island off the coast of mainland Belize. Volunteer in Croatia Choose from a wide range of trusted Croatia volunteer programs, including Youth Support, Special Needs Support (for people with mental or physical problems), Animal Care and Marine Conservation. Volunteer work in Croatia is based in the coastal center of Split. • Program fees are $975 for 1 week. • Volunteers are accommodated in a comfortable and modern dormitory-style hotel. 11. What do Volunteer in Peru and Volunteer in Bali have in common? A. They need volunteers with medical skills. B. Teaching and care programs are included. C. Volunteer work is based on a private island. D. They offer several different accommodation choices. 12. What skill is needed for volunteers to work in Belize? A. Teaching English. B. Organizing events. C. Diving in the sea. D. Nursing patients. 13. Which is probably suitable for a volunteer hoping to give support to the disabled? A. Volunteer in Peru. B. Volunteer in Bali. C. Volunteer in Belize. D. Volunteer in Croatia. B Kyra Peralte thought keeping a diary during the pandemic (流行病) might help her sort out her feelings. In April 2020, the mother of two in Montclair, New Jersey, now 46, started writing about the challenges of work, marriage and motherhood during a global crisis. She invited women from near and far to fill the notebook with their own pandemic tales.She named the project The Traveling Diary. Peralte created a website for people to add their names to the queue. Each person gets to keep the diary for three days and fill as many pages as she wishes. Then she is responsible for mailing it to the next person, whose address Peralte provides. So far, more than 2, 000 women from 30 countries have joined in. The diary reached Colleen Martin in Florham Park, New Jersey, in November 2020. “I had just recently lost my brother. By the time I actually got it and wrote in it, it was much more of a relief,” she says. Adding to the diary, she says, helped her look for meaning and “the growth and development that occurs in terrible times.” Martin shipped off the diary to the next person, and Dior Sarr, 35, received it at her home in Toronto just before the new year. “I wrote about my ambitions(抱负), my goals and how I wanted to step into the new year, ” she says, “It felt meaningful to pass on something so personal. It felt like these were women that I had known even though I didn’t know them at all.” Like many of the women who wrote in her diary, Peralte feels a strong bond with the people who filled its pages, none of whom she would have otherwise known. Her idea, Peralte says, has had a great effect on her and, she hopes, the other women who were part of it. 14. Why did Peralte start the project “The Traveling Diary”? A. To become famous online. B. To offer women an emotion outlet. C. To meet more people on the Internet. D. To popularize medical knowledge of pandemic. 15. What did Colleen Martin get from writing the diary? A. Achieving her goals. B. Receiving timely help. C. Promoting personal growth. D. Improving her writing skills. 16. What does the underlined word“bond” in the last paragraph mean? A. Connection. B. Competition. C. Impression. D. Need. 17. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Power of Unity B Warmth in a Global Crisis C. The Sisterhood of the Traveling Diary D. Friendship on the Internet C Have you ever heard of the classic Marshmallow (棉花糖) Test? It’s a fun experiment where kids are given a marshmallow and told that they can eat it now or wait a bit and get two marshmallows later. Some kids eat the marshmallow right away, while others struggle to wait for the two marshmallows. Interestingly, when the researchers followed up with those kids later in life, they found that those who waited longer for the two marshmallows would perform better in school, and even have better health. This made people think that waiting is a sign of self-control. But a new study in 2022 by scientists raised an interesting question: is this behavior really about self-control, or is it about the culture we grow up in? In the United States, people usually don’t wait for everyone to be served before they start eating. In Japan, however, there is a tradition of waiting until everyone is served. This cultural difference led researchers to wonder if Japanese kids would wait longer in the marshmallow test compared to American kids. Surprisingly, the study found that Japanese kids did wait longer — about 15 minutes on average, while American kids waited for about 5 minutes. Then, the researchers did another follow-up experiment. They looked at a different situation: opening gifts. In the United States, gifts are often saved for special events like birthdays and Christmas, when kids have to wait to open their gifts. In Japan, gifts are given more often, and kids usually open them right away. This is a powerful result because it shows the importance of culture and habit in shaping the way how children act. So, whether you can wait for that second marshmallow might not just be about self-control — it could be about the culture you’re part of! 18. Why do some kids wait longer in the classic Marshmallow Test? A. They live healthier lives. B. They have better self-control. C. They are afraid of being punished. D. They have no interest in marshmallows 19. What aspect of cultural difference is discussed in paragraph 3? A. Eating habits. B. Education systems. C. Body Languages. D. Family structures. 20. What can be inferred from the experiment with opening gifts? A. American children are better at opening gifts. B. Self-control is important for children’s growth. C. Gift-giving habits influence children’s conduct. D. Japanese kids are more patient than American kids. 21. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Gift-giving Traditions in Western Countries B. Marshmallows and Kids: A Fun Experiment C. Marshmallows, Patience and the World around Us D. Cultural Influence on Children’s Willingness to Wait D Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem. Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass. Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour. However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step. As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice. 22. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes? A. They must run long distances. B. They are qualified for the marathon. C. They have to follow special rules. D. They are good at swinging their legs. 23. What advantage does race walking have over running? A. It’s more popular at the Olympics. B. It’s less challenging physically. C. It’s more effective in body building. D. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries. 24. What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking? A. Getting experts’ opinions. B. Having a medical checkup. C. Hiring an experienced coach. D. Doing regular exercises. 25. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking? A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C. Tolerant. D. Conservative. 第二节 七选五(共5个小题，每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends? What if the only way of getting news from far away friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered? ____26____ Thanks to progress in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly. Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with. ____27____ All you need is a wi-fi connection. The digital age also helps us find people who share our interests, such as playing an unusual instrument. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect people who share the same hobbies, ever if they live on the other side of the world. ____28____ It depends. If people always exchange true personal information online, these friendships can be real and meaningful. Yet we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth. On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly. ____29____Remember the saying: on the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog. A young person could be old; a woman could be a man; we could even be sharing our information with bad guys. This doesn’t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bath water, though. Technology has changed the way we make friends, but the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. ____30____ A. The Internet helps us make more friends. B. But smiling photos can hide real problems. C. This was how things worked not very long ago. D. However, does the Internet really bring people closer? E. However, are the “friends” you make online really your friends? F. No one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other good things. G. Social media lets us see what our friends are busy with and maintains our friendships. 第三部分 完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I used to travel to make myself relaxed. Two years ago, I was rather busy with my business and under a lot of ____31____, so I went to Las Vegas for a holiday. I just wanted to get away and ____32____ for a while. When I was on holiday, a(n) ____33____ suddenly came to me. I had long wished to pay a visit to the Greek island of Santorini (圣托里尼岛). Therefore, the idea of a two-week European ____34____ alone was born. I’d driven ____35____ across the US before, but traveling to other countries whose languages aren’t the same as mine ____36____ me. I was worried that I wouldn’t be able to communicate with anyone. But I soon ____37____ that if I wanted to follow my dreams, I had to step out of my comfort area. If I let ____38____ take control of me, I’d get nowhere. As I was ____39____ more places to visit on my trip, I found Mykonos, Greece, which I liked just as much as I liked Sanorini. When I arrived in ____40____, it was like I was in a dream. What I appreciated best was the bus ride to Venice. As I rode the bus and enjoyed every new thing I saw, I was completely ____41____ from the pressure of my work. How ____42____ it was to see people riding their bikes to the places they would like to go to! Some people might say, “It’s not a big ____43____; it’s just Venice. Thousands of people go there every day.” But it was more than that to me. It was about having a ____44____ and when it was time for it to come true, don’t let it ____45____. 31. A. joy B. pressure C. loss D. pain 32. A. wait B. sleep C. work D. relax 33. A. idea B. incident C. stranger D. invitation 34. A. collection B. research C. vacation D. study 35. A. fast B. alone C. entirely D. together 36. A. attracted B. frightened C. surprised D. interested 37. A. realized B. responded C. selected D. suggested 38. A. fear B. pride C. anger D. courage 39. A. in danger of B. in place of C. in search of D. in charge of 40. A. Asia B. Europe C. America D. Africa 41. A. tired B. lost C. different D. free 42. A. threatening B. generous C. hard D. nice 43. A. deal B. reality C. order D. ending 44. A. business B. dream C. future D. journey 45. A. expand B. decrease C. go D. happen 第II卷【非选择题】 第四部分 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The mainland's Paris Olympians, who had achieved best- ever performance at an overseas Olympic Games, were ___46___ (warm) welcomed in their visit to Hong Kong. “The visit will not only promote sports ___47___ cultural exchanges between the mainland and HK, but also evoke (唤起) a strong sense of ___48___ (nation) pride among HK residents,” analysts said. Eric Chan Kwok- ki, chief secretary of HK, thanked the mainland Olympians for visiting HK and offering residents ___49___ chance to get a closer look at the athletes. Gao Zhidan, who ___50___ (lead) the delegation (代表团) , said that during their visit to HK, the mainland athletes had deeply communicated with the general public. HK residents were excited about meeting the athletes. The entrance of the hotel ___51___ the athletes stayed was filled with excitement as ___52___ (hundred) of local residents eagerly waited for their arrival. Their visit and performances were also well thought of by some journalists. Zhang Bin, a Beijing- based sports reporter, told the Global Times. “Their stories of success can encourage more people ___53___ (play) sports. ___54___ (see) the mainland Olympic athletes can motivate people in HK to develop a passion for sports and even contribute to the development ___55___ local sports industries.” 第五部分 单词拼写(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 请根据中文和上下文提示，用 Book1 Welcome Unit-Unit 3所学单词填空, 每空只填一个单词，注意单词的正确形式。将答案写在答题卡对应的横线上。 56. I stayed up late to finish my homework, so today I needed an ____________ (额外的) cup of coffee to keep me going. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 57. Many students ____________ (更喜欢) to study in the library because it provided a quiet environments. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 58. He left a ____________ (评论) on the photo, saying it was really impressive. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 59. The family was excited to board their ____________ (航班) to Hawaii for their long-awaited vacation. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 60. After graduating with a degree in engineering, she ____________ (申请) for several positions at technology companies. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 61. My assistant made ____________ (安排) for the meeting, including booking the meeting room and sending out invitations to all participants. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 62. The ____________ (内容) of the online course was designed to encourage students to participate actively. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 63. He was ____________ (正式地) introduced to the class as the new exchange student from France. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 64. After a summer of swimming, she found that she had become a bit ____________ (更苗条) and felt more energetic. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 65. I need to ____________ (登记) for the advanced math class before the term starts. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 66. She is known for her ____________ (外向的) personality, always making new friends wherever she goes. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 67. ____________ (明显地) , the correct answer to the math problem was circled in red by the teacher. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 68. Last summer, my family went to an unforgettable ____________ (冒险) to the Grand Canyon. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 69 He wiped the ____________ (汗水) from his forehead after finishing the experiment. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 70. We had a ____________ (狭窄的) view of the lake from our hotel room on the tenth floor. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第六部分 完成句子(共5小题，71-73每小题2分，74题2. 5分，75题1. 5分，满分10分) 根据所给的中文提示，用 Book1 Welcome Unit-Unit 3 所学英语词组完成下列句子，每空限填一词。将答案写在答题卡对应的横线上。 71. 尽管挑战可能会导致一个人崩溃，但发展精神力量可能是克服困难的关键。 Despite the challenges that may cause someone to __________ __________, developing can be the key to overcoming difficulties. 72. 广州被广泛认为是中国最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。 Guangzhou __________ __________ __________ __________ one of the most popular tourist destinations in China. 73. 负责这个项目的团队领导因其出色的管理技能而受到表扬。 The team leader, __________ __________ the project, was praised for his excellent management skills. 74. 学习一门新的语言对你未来的事业有很大的作用。 Learning a new language __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ your future career 75. 上学期，他报名参加了烹饪课，学习如何做他最喜欢的菜。 Last term, he __________ __________ __________ the cooking class to learn how to make his favourite dishes. 第七部分 句子翻译(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 根据中文及括号内的提示，将下列句子翻译成英文。将答案写在答题卡对应的横线上。 76. 一些学生甚至对网络上瘾，不能把精力放在学校和家庭生活上。 (简单句) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 77. 在接下来的三天里，你可以在当地导游的陪同下，探索雨林，欣赏雨林特有的动植物。 (简单句; spend some time doing sth. ) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 78. 其中一位最优秀的运动员受伤了，而且队长也因心脏问题不得不离队。 (并列句; 过去完成时) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 79. 科比·布莱恩特 (Kobe Bryant) 是一位为NBA带来荣誉和荣耀的运动传奇。 (含有定语从句的复合句) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 80. 特别令人惊讶的是这个女孩在辩论中自信的微笑和流利的演讲。 (倒装句) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第八部分 书面表达(共1小题，满分25分，其中作文分20分，卷面分5分) 81. 假如你是李华，最近收到外国交换生好友 Jenny的来信。她进入高中以来在学习重压之下养成了一些不良的生活方式，如熬夜、缺乏锻炼、吃垃圾食品等。请你给她回信提供一些保持健康的建议。内容包括： 1. 安慰她; 2. 提供建议并阐述理由; 3. 表达祝愿。 注意： 1. 词数 100左右; 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jenny, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 广州二中教育集团2024学年第一学期期中考试 高一英语 本试卷共10页，81小题，满分为150分。考试用时 120分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号。用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、座位号填写在答题卡上。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的，答案无效。 4. 作答选做题时，请先用2B铅笔填涂选做题题号对应的信息点，再作答。漏涂、错涂、多涂的，答案无效。 5. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第Ⅰ卷【选择题】 第一部分 语法单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分) 1. Which one of the following sentences uses the sentence structure of “主+谓+宾+状”? A. I find it impossible to finish the task in time. B. They are talking about the film at the meeting. C. We have realized the importance of English. D. I will tell my friends to protect the trees 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：A.我发现按时完成任务是不可能的。B.他们在会上讨论那部电影。C.我们已经认识到英语的重要性。D.我会告诉我的朋友保护树木。分析句子结构可知，A选项中为“主+谓+形宾+宾补+真宾”；B选项为“主+谓+宾+状语”；C选项为“主+谓+宾”；D选项“主+谓+宾+宾补”。综上可知，符合题目“下面哪个句子使用了“主+谓+宾+状”的句子结构？”的应该为B选项。故选B项。 2. “Speak more, and you will improve your spoken English.” The type of the sentence is _________. A. 简单句 B. 复合句 C. 并列句 D. 感叹句 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：多说，你的英语口语就会提高。本句为“祈使句+and+陈述句”结构，属于and连接的并列句。故选C。 3. What kind of phrase does the underlined one belong to? “The wedding ceremony was very impressive with a lot of flowers. ” A. AdjP B. NP C. AdvP D. PrepP 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：带下划线的短语属于哪种短语？“婚礼上鲜花盛开，令人印象深刻。”A. AdjP形容词短语；B. NP名词短语；C. AdvP副词短语；D. PrepP介词短语。impressive是形容词，very作副词修饰impressive，be impressive with...是固定搭配，所以这里是形容词短语作表语。故选A。 4. — Mr. Simpson _________ Shanghai in a few days. Shall we have a party? — I _________ a farewell party if I _________ free. A. leaves; will throw; am B. is leaving; will throw; am C. is to leave; will throw; will be D. has left; am going to throw; will be 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：——辛普森先生几天后就要离开上海了。我们开个派对好吗？——如果我有空，我会举办一个告别派对。根据第一空后的时间状语in a few days可知，这里表示将来，应用一般将来时，动词leave为瞬间动词，可用现在进行时表示将来，所以第一空填is leaving。答句是含有if条件状语从句的主从复合句，结合前面句子可知，这里表示将来，从句用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时，即“will+动词原形”的形式。综上，选B。 5. It is required that a note book ______ within easy reach in case you have something important to take down during the class. A. is put B. be put C. was put D. put 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：要求把笔记本放在触手可及的地方，以防你在课堂上有重要的事情要记下来。本题考查固定句式It is required that...，表示“要求……”，that引导的主语从句中要用虚拟语气，即：should+动词原形，should 可以省略，在that从句中，主语a note book与动词put构成动宾关系，需用被动语态，故填should be put，should可以省略。故选B项。 6. Stephen Hawking believed that earth is unlikely to be the only planet ______ life has developed gradually. A. that B. where C. why D. which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：斯蒂芬·霍金认为，地球不太可能是唯一一个生命逐渐发展的星球。这里考查定语从句，先行词为the only planet，在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where。故选B项。 7. Historic events inform us of past mistakes _________ we can learn something without repeating them. A. for whom B. an which C. with whom D. from which 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：历史事件告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中吸取教训，而不会重蹈覆辙。这里是“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句。learn sth. from sth.意为“从……中学习……”，所以应用介词from。先行词为指物的past mistakes，所以关系词应用which。故选D。 8. I’m very grateful to the boy _________ bright smile gave me so much pleasure. A. whose B. which C. where D. when 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我非常感谢那个男孩，他灿烂的笑容给了我如此多的快乐。空处引导定语从句，修饰指人的先行词the boy，且作定语修饰bright smile，应用whose引导。故选A。 9. He is one of those people _________ everybody will find _________ hard to please. A. that; being B. which; to be C. who; is D. whom; / 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他是那种所有人都难以取悦的人之一。第一空引导定语从句，先行词为those people。在定语从句中，find sb.+adj.+to do...为固定句型，所以先行词在从句中作find的宾语，可用who或whom引导，第二空不填。把从句独立出来就是：Everybody will find those people hard to please. 故选D。 10. It was the reason _________ Dr. Johnson avoided discussing in his lecture _________ made the audience question his research design. A. why; that B. which; which C. which; that D. that; which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和强调句。句意： Dr. Johnson在演讲上避免探讨的这个原因让观众质疑他的研究设计。根据句子分析可知，空1：此处引导定语从句，先行词为the reason，指物，定语从句中缺少discussing的宾语，应用that/which引导；空2：此处为强调句型“it was+被强调部分+that/who+其他”结构，此处强调主语the reason，故填that。故选C。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Cheap volunteer programs abroad for high school students Volunteer in Peru Many kinds of popular Peru volunteer programs are provided, including Teaching, Animal Care. Medical and Amazon Jungle Conservation (保护). Volunteer work in Peru is based in the capital, Lima. • Program fees are $275 for 1 week. • Volunteers are accommodated in a volunteer house or homestay. Volunteer in Bali Bali volunteer programs include Teaching, Childcare, Environmental Education and Health Education. Volunteer work in Bali is based in the cultural center of Ubud. the northern coastal town of Lovina and the island of Nusa Penida. • Program fees are $385 for 1 week. • Volunteers are accommodated in a volunteer house within a traditional Balinese village. Volunteer in Belize The special Marine (海洋的) Conservation volunteer program is based on a private island 16 miles off the coast of Placencia in Southern Belize. Help preserve an easily-broken marine ecosystem by diving (潜水) and collecting data on amazing marine life. • Program fees are $1,050 for 1 week. • Volunteers are accommodated on a private island off the coast of mainland Belize. Volunteer in Croatia Choose from a wide range of trusted Croatia volunteer programs, including Youth Support, Special Needs Support (for people with mental or physical problems), Animal Care and Marine Conservation. Volunteer work in Croatia is based in the coastal center of Split. • Program fees are $975 for 1 week. • Volunteers are accommodated in a comfortable and modern dormitory-style hotel. 11. What do Volunteer in Peru and Volunteer in Bali have in common? A They need volunteers with medical skills. B. Teaching and care programs are included. C. Volunteer work is based on a private island. D. They offer several different accommodation choices. 12. What skill is needed for volunteers to work in Belize? A. Teaching English. B. Organizing events. C. Diving in the sea. D. Nursing patients. 13. Which is probably suitable for a volunteer hoping to give support to the disabled? A. Volunteer in Peru. B. Volunteer in Bali. C. Volunteer in Belize. D. Volunteer in Croatia. 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个为高中生提供的收费低廉的海外志愿者项目。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章Volunteer in Peru部分中“Many kinds of popular Peru volunteer programs are provided, including Teaching, Animal Care. Medical and Amazon Jungle Conservation (保护). (提供了许多受欢迎的秘鲁志愿者项目，包括教学、动物护理。医疗和亚马逊丛林保护)”和Volunteer in Bali部分中“Bali volunteer programs include Teaching, Childcare, Environmental Education and Health Education. (巴厘岛的志愿者项目包括教学、儿童保育、环境教育和健康教育)”可知，这两个志愿者项目都包括教学和护理。故选B。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Volunteer in Belize部分中“Help preserve an easily-broken marine ecosystem by diving (潜水) and collecting data on amazing marine life. (通过潜水和收集神奇海洋生物的数据，帮助保护一个容易破坏的海洋生态系统)”可知，在伯利兹益工作的志愿者需要有在海里潜水的技能。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章Volunteer in Croatia部分中“Choose from a wide range of trusted Croatia volunteer programs, including Youth Support, Special Needs Support (for people with mental or physical problems), Animal Care and Marine Conservation. (你可以从众多值得信赖的克罗地亚志愿者项目中选择，包括青年支持、特殊需求支持(针对有精神或身体问题的人)、动物护理和海洋保护)”可知，Volunteer in Croatia包括特殊需求支持，可能适合希望为残疾人提供支持的志愿者。故选D。 B Kyra Peralte thought keeping a diary during the pandemic (流行病) might help her sort out her feelings. In April 2020, the mother of two in Montclair, New Jersey, now 46, started writing about the challenges of work, marriage and motherhood during a global crisis. She invited women from near and far to fill the notebook with their own pandemic tales.She named the project The Traveling Diary. Peralte created a website for people to add their names to the queue. Each person gets to keep the diary for three days and fill as many pages as she wishes. Then she is responsible for mailing it to the next person, whose address Peralte provides. So far, more than 2, 000 women from 30 countries have joined in. The diary reached Colleen Martin in Florham Park, New Jersey, in November 2020. “I had just recently lost my brother. By the time I actually got it and wrote in it, it was much more of a relief,” she says. Adding to the diary, she says, helped her look for meaning and “the growth and development that occurs in terrible times.” Martin shipped off the diary to the next person, and Dior Sarr, 35, received it at her home in Toronto just before the new year. “I wrote about my ambitions(抱负), my goals and how I wanted to step into the new year, ” she says, “It felt meaningful to pass on something so personal. It felt like these were women that I had known even though I didn’t know them at all.” Like many of the women who wrote in her diary, Peralte feels a strong bond with the people who filled its pages, none of whom she would have otherwise known. Her idea, Peralte says, has had a great effect on her and, she hopes, the other women who were part of it. 14. Why did Peralte start the project “The Traveling Diary”? A. To become famous online. B. To offer women an emotion outlet. C. To meet more people on the Internet. D. To popularize medical knowledge of pandemic. 15. What did Colleen Martin get from writing the diary? A. Achieving her goals. B. Receiving timely help. C. Promoting personal growth. D. Improving her writing skills. 16. What does the underlined word“bond” in the last paragraph mean? A. Connection. B. Competition. C. Impression. D. Need. 17. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. The Power of Unity B. Warmth in a Global Crisis C. The Sisterhood of the Traveling Diary D. Friendship on the Internet 【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A 17. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是在疫情期间，在Montclair 的一位母亲Peralte发起一项名为“旅行日记”的活动，吸引了很多女性参加。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Kyra Peralte thought keeping a diary during the pandemic (流行病) might help her sort out her feelings.(凯拉·佩拉特认为在疫情期间写日记(流行病)可能有助于她理清自己的情绪。)”以及“She invited women from near and far to fill the notebook with their own pandemic tales. .She named the project The Traveling Diary.(她邀请远近各地的妇女在笔记本上写下她们自己的流行病故事。她把这个项目命名为“旅行日记”。)”可知，Kyra Peralte认为写日记能够帮助梳理自己的感情，所以邀请了附近的妇女写下自己流行病期间的故事，这个项目被命名为“旅行日记”由此可知，Peralte创建“旅行日记”的目的是给女性提供一个情感出口。故选B项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Adding to the diary, she says, helped her look for meaning and “the growth and development that occurs in terrible times.”(她说，在日记中添加的内容帮助她寻找意义和“在糟糕时期发生的成长和发展”。)”可知，Colleen Martin认为自己在日记中添加的内容可以帮助她寻找到在糟糕时候的成长和发展，由此可知，日记促进了Colleen Martin的个人成长。故选C项。 【16题详解】 词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“It felt like these were women that I had known even though I didn’t know them at all.(我感觉这些女人是我认识的，尽管我根本不认识她们。)”可知，Martin认为即使自己不认识这些女性，但自己好像早就认识他们一样，再结合根据划线单词后的“…with the people who filled its pages, none of whom she would have otherwise known.(与那些写满了页面的人……，否则她都不认识这些人。)”以及选项可知，Peralte感觉，尽管自己与那些写日记的人不认识，但感觉与她们有一种强烈的“联系”，所以该单词的意思是“联系”符合语境。故选A项。 【17题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“She invited women from near and far to fill the notebook with their own pandemic tales. She named the project The Traveling Diary. (她邀请远近各地的妇女在笔记本上写下她们自己的流行病期间的故事。她把这个项目命名为“旅行日记”。)”以及下文中对参与这一活动的女性的感触介绍可知，本文主要讲述了疫情期间Peralte发起了“旅行日记”的活动，吸引了很多的女性加入，所以本文的标题为“旅行日记中的姐妹情谊”概括了全文，与文章主题吻合。故选C项。 C Have you ever heard of the classic Marshmallow (棉花糖) Test? It’s a fun experiment where kids are given a marshmallow and told that they can eat it now or wait a bit and get two marshmallows later. Some kids eat the marshmallow right away, while others struggle to wait for the two marshmallows. Interestingly, when the researchers followed up with those kids later in life, they found that those who waited longer for the two marshmallows would perform better in school, and even have better health. This made people think that waiting is a sign of self-control. But a new study in 2022 by scientists raised an interesting question: is this behavior really about self-control or is it about the culture we grow up in? In the United States, people usually don’t wait for everyone to be served before they start eating. In Japan, however, there is a tradition of waiting until everyone is served. This cultural difference led researchers to wonder if Japanese kids would wait longer in the marshmallow test compared to American kids. Surprisingly, the study found that Japanese kids did wait longer — about 15 minutes on average, while American kids waited for about 5 minutes. Then, the researchers did another follow-up experiment. They looked at a different situation: opening gifts. In the United States, gifts are often saved for special events like birthdays and Christmas, when kids have to wait to open their gifts. In Japan, gifts are given more often, and kids usually open them right away. This is a powerful result because it shows the importance of culture and habit in shaping the way how children act. So, whether you can wait for that second marshmallow might not just be about self-control — it could be about the culture you’re part of! 18. Why do some kids wait longer in the classic Marshmallow Test? A. They live healthier lives. B. They have better self-control. C. They are afraid of being punished. D. They have no interest in marshmallows 19. What aspect of cultural difference is discussed in paragraph 3? A. Eating habits. B. Education systems. C. Body Languages. D. Family structures. 20. What can be inferred from the experiment with opening gifts? A. American children are better at opening gifts. B. Self-control is important for children’s growth. C. Gift-giving habits influence children’s conduct. D Japanese kids are more patient than American kids. 21. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Gift-giving Traditions in Western Countries B. Marshmallows and Kids: A Fun Experiment C. Marshmallows, Patience and the World around Us D. Cultural Influence on Children’s Willingness to Wait 【答案】18. B 19. A 20. C 21. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。经典的棉花糖测试中人们认为等待更久的孩子具有更好的自控能力，但是新的研究发现，文化差异也是一个非常重要的影响因素。文章对此进行了介绍。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“This made people think that waiting is a sign of self-control.(这让人们认为等待是自我控制的表现。)”可知，有些孩子在经典的棉花糖测试中等了更长的时间是因为有更好的自控力。故选B。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句到第四句“In the United States, people usually don’t wait for everyone to be served before they start eating. In Japan, however, there is a tradition of waiting until everyone is served. This cultural difference led researchers to wonder if Japanese kids would wait longer in the marshmallow test compared to American kids.(在美国，人们通常不会等到每个人都上菜了才开始吃。然而，在日本，有等到每个人都上桌的传统。这种文化差异让研究人员想知道，日本孩子是否会比美国孩子在棉花糖测试中等待更长的时间。)”可知，第三段讨论了文化差异中的饮食习惯。故选A。 【20题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段最后三句“In the United States, gifts are often saved for special events like birthdays and Christmas, when kids have to wait to open their gifts. In Japan, gifts are given more often, and kids usually open them right away. This is a powerful result because it shows the importance of culture and habit in shaping the way how children act.(在美国，礼物通常是为生日和圣诞节这样的特殊事件而保存的，因为孩子们必须等着打开礼物。在日本，送礼物更频繁，孩子们通常会马上打开礼物。这是一个强有力的结果，因为它显示了文化和习惯在塑造儿童行为方式方面的重要性。)”可知，从打开礼物的实验中可以推断出送礼物的习惯会影响孩子的行为。故选C。 【21题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“So, whether you can wait for that second marshmallow might not just be about self-control — it could be about the culture you’re part of!(所以，你是否能等待第二个棉花糖可能不仅仅是自我控制的问题——这可能与你所处的文化有关！)”可知，文章主要是讲文化差异对孩子等待的时长的影响。故选D。 D Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem. Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass. Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour. However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step. As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice. 22. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes? A. They must run long distances. B. They are qualified for the marathon. C. They have to follow special rules. D. They are good at swinging their legs. 23. What advantage does race walking have over running? A. It’s more popular at the Olympics. B. It’s less challenging physically. C. It’s more effective in body building. D. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries. 24. What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking? A. Getting experts’ opinions. B. Having a medical checkup. C. Hiring an experienced coach. D. Doing regular exercises. 25. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking? A. Skeptical. B. Objective. C. Tolerant. D. Conservative. 【答案】22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多的优势，但是之前受过伤的人，要想从事这样运动要谨慎，最好咨询专家的建议。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.”可知，但这项运动的规则要求竞走者的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间保持伸直，一只脚始终与地面接触。由此可知，竞走运动员是需要具备某些条件的运动员是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选C项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers.”可知，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走者中并不常见。由此可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选D项。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段Dr. Norberg说的话“In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique(事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走运动员，学习适当的技巧。)”可知，Dr. Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选A项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.”可知，研究表明，竞走和跑步一样有很多健身益处，而且它还很少导致受伤。不过，它也有自己的问题。由此判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。故选B项。 第二节 七选五(共5个小题，每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends? What if the only way of getting news from far away friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered? ____26____ Thanks to progress in technology, how we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly. Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in touch with the people that we want to remain friends with. ____27____ All you need is a wi-fi connection. The digital age also helps us find people who share our interests, such as playing an unusual instrument. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect people who share the same hobbies, ever if they live on the other side of the world. ____28____ It depends. If people always exchange true personal information online, these friendships can be real and meaningful. Yet we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth. On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly. ____29____Remember the saying: on the Internet, nobody knows you’re a dog. A young person could be old; a woman could be a man; we could even be sharing our information with bad guys. This doesn’t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bath water, though. Technology has changed the way we make friends, but the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. ____30____ A. The Internet helps us make more friends. B. But smiling photos can hide real problems. C. This was how things worked not very long ago. D. However, does the Internet really bring people closer? E. However, are the “friends” you make online really your friends? F. No one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other good things. G. Social media lets us see what our friends are busy with and maintains our friendships. 【答案】26. C 27. G 28. E 29. B 30. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了科技进步对人们交友方式的影响。 【26题详解】 根据上文“What if the only way of getting news from far away friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered?(如果从远方朋友那里获取消息的唯一方式是写信，而这些信需要很长时间才能送达，那会怎么样呢？)”可知，此处上下文说的是不久前人们之间进行交流的方式，与C项“This was how things worked not very long ago.(不久前，事情就是这样运转的)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。 【27题详解】 根据下文“All you need is a wi-fi connection.(你只需要一个无线网络连接)”可推理出，上文说的是社交媒体，与G项“Social media lets us see what our friends are busy with and maintains our friendships.(社交媒体让我们了解朋友的忙碌状况，维系了我们的友谊)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。 【28题详解】 根据下文“It depends. If people always exchange true personal information online, these friendships can be real and meaningful. Yet we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth.(这要视情况而定。如果人们总是在网上交流真实的个人信息，这些友谊就会变得真实而有意义。然而，我们需要记住，我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是全部真相)”可推理出，上文对网上结交的朋友是否真正的朋友提出了质疑，与E项“However, are the “friends” you make online really your friends?(然而，你在网上结交的“朋友”真的是你的朋友吗？)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。 【29题详解】 根据上文“On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.(在社交媒体网站上，人们倾向于只发布让自己看起来快乐和友好的积极更新)”可推理出，可推理出，此处上下文说的是积极的更新后面可能藏着真正的问题，与B项“But smiling photos can hide real problems.(但微笑的照片可以掩盖真正的问题)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。 【30题详解】 根据上文“Technology has changed the way we make friends, but the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same.(科技改变了我们交朋友的方式，但友谊的意义和我们对朋友的渴望是不变的)”可知，此处讲的是友谊的重要性，与F项“No one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other good things.(没有人会选择没有朋友的生活，即使他拥有所有其他美好的东西)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。 第三部分 完形填空(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I used to travel to make myself relaxed. Two years ago, I was rather busy with my business and under a lot of ____31____, so I went to Las Vegas for a holiday. I just wanted to get away and ____32____ for a while. When I was on holiday, a(n) ____33____ suddenly came to me. I had long wished to pay a visit to the Greek island of Santorini (圣托里尼岛). Therefore, the idea of a two-week European ____34____ alone was born. I’d driven ____35____ across the US before, but traveling to other countries whose languages aren’t the same as mine ____36____ me. I was worried that I wouldn’t be able to communicate with anyone. But I soon ____37____ that if I wanted to follow my dreams, I had to step out of my comfort area. If I let ____38____ take control of me, I’d get nowhere. As I was ____39____ more places to visit on my trip, I found Mykonos, Greece, which I liked just as much as I liked Sanorini. When I arrived in ____40____, it was like I was in a dream. What I appreciated best was the bus ride to Venice. As I rode the bus and enjoyed every new thing I saw, I was completely ____41____ from the pressure of my work. How ____42____ it was to see people riding their bikes to the places they would like to go to! Some people might say, “It’s not a big ____43____; it’s just Venice. Thousands of people go there every day.” But it was more than that to me. It was about having a ____44____ and when it was time for it to come true, don’t let it ____45____. 31. A. joy B. pressure C. loss D. pain 32. A. wait B. sleep C. work D. relax 33. A. idea B. incident C. stranger D. invitation 34. A. collection B. research C. vacation D. study 35. A. fast B. alone C. entirely D. together 36. A. attracted B. frightened C. surprised D. interested 37. A. realized B. responded C. selected D. suggested 38. A. fear B. pride C. anger D. courage 39. A. in danger of B. in place of C. in search of D. in charge of 40. A. Asia B. Europe C. America D. Africa 41. A. tired B. lost C. different D. free 42. A. threatening B. generous C. hard D. nice 43. A. deal B. reality C. order D. ending 44. A. business B. dream C. future D. journey 45. A. expand B. decrease C. go D. happen 【答案】31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. B 37. A 38. A 39. C 40. B 41. D 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者自己克服沟通障碍，独自去其他国家旅行，实现了自己梦想的经历。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两年前，我的生意很忙，压力也很大，所以我去拉斯维加斯度假了。A. joy快乐；B. pressure压力；C. loss损失；D. pain痛苦。根据第11空后的“the pressure of my work”可知，作者工作压力很大。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只是想逃离一会儿，放松一下。A. wait等待；B. sleep睡觉；C. work工作；D. relax使放松。根据前文“I was rather busy with my business”和下文“When I was on holiday”可知，作者因工作压力大，想去度假让自己放松。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在度假时，我突然有了一个主意。A. idea主意；B. incident事件；C. stranger陌生人；D. invitation邀请。根据下文“I had long wished to pay a visit to the Greek island of Santorini (圣托里尼岛). Therefore, the idea of a two- week Europeanalone was born.”和“alone was born”可知，作者很早以前就想去希腊的圣托里尼岛，产生了一个为期两周的欧洲旅行的想法，因此，该句指的是作者想到了这个去旅行的主意。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，我产生了独自前往欧洲度假两周的想法。A. collection收藏；B. research研究；C. vacation假期；D. study学习。根据上文“When I was on holiday”以及“two-week”可知，一个为期两周的假期的主意就产生了。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我之前曾独自驾车穿越美国，但前往语言不通的国家旅行让我感到害怕。A. fast快地；B. alone独自地；C. entirely完全地；D. together在一起，共同。根据上一段“alone”提到独自一人去度假可知，此句“before”说明之前也是独自一人。故选B。 【36题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我之前曾独自驾车穿越美国，但前往语言不通的国家旅行让我感到害怕。A. attracted重视，把……固定；B. frightened使惊吓；C. surprised使惊讶；D. interested使感兴趣。根据下文“I was worried that I wouldn’t be able to communicate with anyone”可知，前往语言不通的国家旅行让作者感到害怕，空格处是“使惊吓”。故选B。 【37题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我很快意识到，如果我想追寻我的梦想，就必须走出自己的舒适区。A. realized意识到；B. responded回答；C. selected挑选；D. suggested建议。根据下文“if I wanted to follow my dreams, I had to step out of my comfort area”可知，作者意识到“想追随梦想必须走出我的舒适区”这个道理。故选A。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我让恐惧控制了我，我将一事无成。A. fear恐惧；B. pride骄傲；C. anger愤怒；D. courage勇气。根据上文“I was worried that I wouldn’t be able to communicate with anyone”以及下文“I’d get nowhere”可知，作者意识到如果自己被恐惧控制，将会一事无成。故选A。 【39题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：当我在旅行中寻找更多的地方时，我找到了希腊的Mykonos，我喜欢它就像我喜欢Sanorini一样。A. in danger of处于……危险之中；B. in place of代替；C. in search of寻找；D. in charge of负责，主管。根据下文“I found Mykonos, Greece”可知，作者在旅行中寻找更多的地方。故选C。 【40题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我到达欧洲时，我就像在做梦一样。A. Asia亚洲；B. Europe欧洲；C. America美洲；D. Africa非洲。根据上文“the idea of a two- week European vacation alone was born”可知，作者前往欧洲旅行。故选B。 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我坐在公交车上，享受我所看到的每一件新事物时，我完全摆脱了工作的压力。A. tired劳累的；B. lost迷路的；C. different不同的；D. free不受限制的。结合上文“I rode the bus and enjoyed every new thing I saw”可知，作者在享受自己的假期，摆脱了工作上的压力，be free from意为“免受，免于”。故选D。 【42题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到人们骑着自行车去他们想去的地方真是太好了！A. threatening具有威胁的；B. generous慷慨的，大方的；C. hard艰难的；D. nice美好的，令人愉快的。根据前文“As I rode the bus and enjoyed every new thing I saw, I was completely free from the pressure of my work”可知，作者现在无工作压力，因此可推知所看所感也是愉悦的。故选D。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人可能会说：“这没什么大不了的；这就是威尼斯。每天有成千上万的人去那里。”A. deal交易；B. reality现实；C. order订单；D. ending结局。结合下文“it’s just Venice. Thousands of people go there every day”可知，其他人认为这没什么大不了，此处为固定表达“It’s not a big deal”，表示“没什么大不了”。故选A。 【44题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是关于拥有一个梦想，以及当它到了该实现的时候，不要让它溜走。A. business业务；B. dream梦想；C. future将来；D. journey旅程。根据第7空后的“I wanted to follow my dreams”可知，作者追随了自己的梦想，因此对作者来说旅行也是关于拥有一个梦想的问题。故选B。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是关于拥有一个梦想，以及当它到了该实现的时候，不要让它溜走。A. expand扩大；B. decrease减少；C. go走；D. happen发生。根据上文“when it was time for it to come true”可知，在实现梦想的过程中，不要让梦想溜走。故选C。 第II卷【非选择题】 第四部分 语法填空(共10小题，每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The mainland's Paris Olympians, who had achieved best- ever performance at an overseas Olympic Games, were ___46___ (warm) welcomed in their visit to Hong Kong. “The visit will not only promote sports ___47___ cultural exchanges between the mainland and HK, but also evoke (唤起) a strong sense of ___48___ (nation) pride among HK residents,” analysts said. Eric Chan Kwok- ki, chief secretary of HK, thanked the mainland Olympians for visiting HK and offering residents ___49___ chance to get a closer look at the athletes. Gao Zhidan, who ___50___ (lead) the delegation (代表团) , said that during their visit to HK, the mainland athletes had deeply communicated with the general public. HK residents were excited about meeting the athletes. The entrance of the hotel ___51___ the athletes stayed was filled with excitement as ___52___ (hundred) of local residents eagerly waited for their arrival. Their visit and performances were also well thought of by some journalists. Zhang Bin, a Beijing- based sports reporter, told the Global Times. “Their stories of success can encourage more people ___53___ (play) sports. ___54___ (see) the mainland Olympic athletes can motivate people in HK to develop a passion for sports and even contribute to the development ___55___ local sports industries.” 【答案】46. warmly 47. and 48. national 49. a 50. led 51. where 52. hundreds 53. to play 54. Seeing 55. of 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国大陆巴黎奥运会运动员访问香港的情况及其影响。 【46题详解】 考查副词。句意：中国大陆的巴黎奥运会运动员在海外奥运会上取得了历史最佳成绩，他们在访问香港时受到了热烈欢迎。此处修饰动词welcomed，应用副词warmly“热烈地”。故填warmly。 【47题详解】 考查连词。句意：分析人士表示，这次访问不仅将促进大陆与香港之间的体育和文化交流，还会激发香港居民强烈的民族自豪感。“sports”和“cultural exchanges”是并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 【48题详解】 考查形容词。句意：分析人士表示，这次访问不仅将促进大陆与香港之间的体育和文化交流，还会激发香港居民强烈的民族自豪感。此处修饰名词pride，应用形容词national“民族的”，作定语。故填national。 【49题详解】 考查冠词。句意：香港特首陈国基感谢大陆奥运健儿访问香港，并为市民提供了近距离接触运动员的机会。chance是可数名词单数形式，且以辅音音素开头，表示泛指，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【50题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：代表团团长高志丹表示，在访问香港期间，大陆运动员与公众进行了深入交流。根据下文“said”可知，空处应用一般过去时态，所以用lead的过去时态，与主语Gao Zhidan为主动关系，所以用led。故填led。 【51题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：酒店入口处挤满了兴奋的人群，数百名当地居民热切地等待着运动员们的到来。先行词为the hotel，且从句缺少地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【52题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：酒店入口处挤满了兴奋的人群，数百名当地居民热切地等待着运动员们的到来。固定短语hundreds of意为“数以百计的”，表示不确定的数量。故填hundreds。 【53题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的成功故事可以激励更多人参与体育运动。encourage后常用不定式，作宾语补足语，激励更多的人参加体育运动。故填to play。 【54题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：看到大陆奥运运动员能激励香港的人们激发对体育的热情，甚至为本地体育产业的发展做出贡献。此处作主语，应用动名词，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Seeing。 【55题详解】 考查介词。句意：看到大陆奥运运动员能激励香港的人们激发对体育的热情，甚至为本地体育产业的发展做出贡献。表示“……的发展”，应用固定搭配the development of。故填of。 第五部分 单词拼写(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分) 请根据中文和上下文提示，用 Book1 Welcome Unit-Unit 3所学单词填空, 每空只填一个单词，注意单词的正确形式。将答案写在答题卡对应的横线上。 56. I stayed up late to finish my homework, so today I needed an ____________ (额外的) cup of coffee to keep me going. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】extra 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我熬夜完成作业，所以今天我需要多喝一杯咖啡来提神。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用形容词extra，修饰名词cup，作定语。故填extra。 57. Many students ____________ (更喜欢) to study in the library because it provided a quiet environments. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】preferred 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：许多学生更喜欢在图书馆学习，因为它提供了一个安静的环境。根据汉语提示和空后的to study可知，这里应用prefer，为及物动词，prefer to do...意为“更喜欢做……”。根据从句中的provided可知，主句应用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情。故填preferred。 58. He left a ____________ (评论) on the photo, saying it was really impressive. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】remark##comment 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他对这张照片发表了评论，说它真的令人印象深刻。根据空前的a可知，空处应用名词单数作宾语，结合汉语提示“评论”可知，可用可数名词remark/comment。故填remark/comment。 59. The family was excited to board their ____________ (航班) to Hawaii for their long-awaited vacation. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】flight 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：这家人很高兴登上飞往夏威夷的航班，开始他们期待已久的假期。根据汉语提示可知，这里应用flight，为可数名词。根据The family was excited to board their可知，这里是一家人乘坐的一趟航班，应用名词单数作宾语。故填flight。 60. After graduating with a degree in engineering, she ____________ (申请) for several positions at technology companies. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】applied 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：在获得了工程学的学位毕业后，她在科技公司申请了几个职位。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处应用动词apply，作谓语动词，主语为she，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填applied。 61. My assistant made ____________ (安排) for the meeting, including booking the meeting room and sending out invitations to all participants. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】arrangements 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我的助理为会议做了安排，包括预订会议室和向所有与会者发出邀请。空处作made的宾语，结合汉语提示，应用arrangement，为可数名词，这里表示不止一项安排，且空前没有限定词修饰，所以用名词复数。make arrangements for意为“为……做安排”。故填arrangements。 62. The ____________ (内容) of the online course was designed to encourage students to participate actively. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】content 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在线课程的内容旨在鼓励学生积极参与。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用名词content，不可数名词，作主语。故填content。 63. He was ____________ (正式地) introduced to the class as the new exchange student from France. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】officially 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：他作为来自法国的新交换生被正式介绍给全班同学。空格处用副词修饰动词introduced，“正式地”的副词是officially。故填officially。 64. After a summer of swimming, she found that she had become a bit ____________ (更苗条) and felt more energetic. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】slimmer 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：经过一个夏天的游泳，她发现自己变得更苗条了，也更有活力了。空处用形容词作become的表语。slim意为“苗条的”，结合汉语提示“更苗条”可知，这里应用形容词的比较级形式slimmer。故填slimmer。 65. I need to ____________ (登记) for the advanced math class before the term starts. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】register 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我需要在开学前登记高等数学课。根据汉语提示“登记”可知，此处为动词register，need to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“需要做某事”，空处需填动词原形。故填register。 66. She is known for her ____________ (外向的) personality, always making new friends wherever she goes. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】outgoing 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她外向的性格是出了名的，无论走到哪里都能交到新朋友。根据汉语提示“外向的”可知，此处为形容词outgoing，作定语，修饰名词personality。故填outgoing。 67. ____________ (明显地) , the correct answer to the math problem was circled in red by the teacher. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Obviously 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：明显地，老师用红色圈出了这道数学题的正确答案。根据汉语提示“明显地”可知，此处应填副词obviously作状语，修饰整个句子，空处位于句首，需首字母大写。故填Obviously。 68. Last summer, my family went to an unforgettable ____________ (冒险) to the Grand Canyon. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】adventure 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：去年夏天，我们全家去大峡谷进行了一次难忘的冒险。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，根据所给中文提示词，应是adventure意为“冒险”，根据an可知，用单数形式。故填adventure。 69. He wiped the ____________ (汗水) from his forehead after finishing the experiment. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】sweat 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：实验结束后，他擦了擦额头上的汗水。根据汉语提示，这里应用sweat，为不可数名词，作宾语。故填sweat。 70. We had a ____________ (狭窄的) view of the lake from our hotel room on the tenth floor. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】narrow 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：从十楼的酒店房间里，我们有着比较窄的视野，可以看到湖景。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处应用形容词narrow，作定语，修饰名词view。故填narrow。 第六部分 完成句子(共5小题，71-73每小题2分，74题2. 5分，75题1. 5分，满分10分) 根据所给的中文提示，用 Book1 Welcome Unit-Unit 3 所学英语词组完成下列句子，每空限填一词。将答案写在答题卡对应的横线上。 71. 尽管挑战可能会导致一个人崩溃，但发展精神力量可能是克服困难的关键。 Despite the challenges that may cause someone to __________ __________, developing can be the key to overcoming difficulties. 【答案】 ①. fall ②. apart 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。设空处使用动词短语与前文的to构成不定式结构。表示“崩溃”用fall apart。故填fall apart。 72. 广州被广泛认为是中国最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。 Guangzhou __________ __________ __________ __________ one of the most popular tourist destinations in China. 【答案】 ①. is ②. widely ③. regarded ④. as 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语，副词，时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“被广泛认为”，“被认为是”是固定短语be regarded as，“广泛”用副词widely，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Guangzhou是一个地方，因此be动词用is，因此空格处是is widely regarded as。故填①is；②widely；③regarded；④as。 73. 负责这个项目的团队领导因其出色的管理技能而受到表扬。 The team leader, __________ __________ the project, was praised for his excellent management skills. 【答案】 ①. responsible ②. for 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处意为“负责……”，应用形容词短语responsible for...，修饰名词the team leader，作定语。故填responsible for。 74. 学习一门新的语言对你未来的事业有很大的作用。 Learning a new language __________ __________ __________ __________ __________ your future career. 【答案】 ①. makes ②. a ③. great ④. difference ⑤. to 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“对……有很大的作用”，是固定短语make a great difference to，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语的动名词短语“Learning a new language”，谓语动词用第三人称单数，因此空格处是makes a great difference to。故填makes，a，great，difference，to。 75. 上学期，他报名参加了烹饪课，学习如何做他最喜欢的菜。 Last term, he __________ __________ __________ the cooking class to learn how to make his favourite dishes. 【答案】 ①. signed ②. up ③. for 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。根据中英文可知，设空处表示“报名参加”，应用sign up for固定搭配。结合时间状语Last term可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填signed；up；for。 第七部分 句子翻译(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分) 根据中文及括号内的提示，将下列句子翻译成英文。将答案写在答题卡对应的横线上。 76. 一些学生甚至对网络上瘾，不能把精力放在学校和家庭生活上。 (简单句) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Some students are even addicted to the Internet, unable to concentrate on their school and family life. 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词、动词短语和时态。主语“有些学生”用some students；状语“甚至”用副词even；“(对)……成瘾”用动词短语be addicted to表示，其中be是系动词，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语是复数名词，系动词用are；宾语“网”指“互联网”，用the Internet；“无法把精力集中在学习和家庭生活上”可处理为形容词短语作伴随状语，用形容词短语unable to do，“把精力集中在……”用动词短语concentrate on表示，宾语“学校和家庭生活”用名词词组school and family life，为了让意思更明确，在其前面加上形容词性物主代词their。综上，故翻译为Some students are even addicted to the Internet, unable to concentrate on their school and family life. 77. 在接下来的三天里，你可以在当地导游的陪同下，探索雨林，欣赏雨林特有的动植物。 (简单句; spend some time doing sth. ) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】You can spend the next three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest. 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。表示“你”应用you；表示“可以”应用can；表示“花费时间做某事”应用spend some time doing sth.，位于情态动词can后面，使用动词原形；表示“接下来三天时间”应用the next three days；表示“在当地导游的陪同下”应用with a local guide；表示“探索雨林”应用explore the rainforest；表示“欣赏雨林特有的动植物”应用enjoy the plants and animals unique to the rainforest；enjoy和explore为并列成分，需用and连接，使用-ing形式。故翻译成You can spend the next three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest. 78. 其中一位最优秀的运动员受伤了，而且队长也因心脏问题不得不离队。 (并列句; 过去完成时) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problem. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和短语。表示“其中一位最优秀的运动员”应用one of the best players，作主语；表示“受伤”用be injured，为过去完成时；and连接并列句；主语“队长”为the team captain；表示“不得不”为have to；表示“离队”用动词leave；表示“因心脏问题”为because of heart problem，为一般过去时。故翻译为One of the best players had been injured, and the team captain had to leave because of heart problem. 79. 科比·布莱恩特 (Kobe Bryant) 是一位为NBA带来荣誉和荣耀的运动传奇。 (含有定语从句的复合句) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Kobe Bryant is a sports legend who has brought honor and glory to the NBA. 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。本句的主干是“科比·布莱恩特是一位运动传奇”，为主系表结构，陈述的是事实，应用一般现在时。根据汉语提示“为NBA带来荣誉和荣耀的”可知，这里应翻译为who引导的定语从句，先行词为“运动传奇”（sports legend）；“带来”可表示为bring，这里表示过去的事情对现在的影响，应用现在完成时；“荣誉”可翻译为honor；“荣耀”可翻译为glory。故本句可翻译为：Kobe Bryant is a sports legend who has brought honor and glory to the NBA. 80. 特别令人惊讶的是这个女孩在辩论中自信的微笑和流利的演讲。 (倒装句) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Especially surprising are the girl’s confident smile and fluent speech during the debate. 【解析】 【详解】考查倒装句。根据汉语中“特别令人惊讶的是……”可知，这里应用形容词短语置于句首的全部倒装结构，especially surprising意为“特别令人惊讶地”；“在辩论中”可翻译为during the debate；“自信的微笑”可翻译为confident smile；“流利的演讲”可翻译为fluent speech。本句陈述的是现实情况，应用一般现在时，且主语为confident smile and fluent speech，be动词应用are。故本句可翻译为：Especially surprising are the girl’s confident smile and fluent speech during the debate. 第八部分 书面表达(共1小题，满分25分，其中作文分20分，卷面分5分) 81. 假如你是李华，最近收到外国交换生好友 Jenny的来信。她进入高中以来在学习重压之下养成了一些不良的生活方式，如熬夜、缺乏锻炼、吃垃圾食品等。请你给她回信提供一些保持健康的建议。内容包括： 1. 安慰她; 2. 提供建议并阐述理由; 3. 表达祝愿。 注意： 1. 词数 100左右; 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jenny, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Jenny, I’m sorry to hear that you’re under great pressure and have developed some bad lifestyle habits. Don’t worry too much, as it’s common among students in high school. Here are some suggestions for you to keep healthy. First, avoid staying up late. Enough sleep can make you energetic during the day. Second, take regular exercise, like jogging or dancing, which helps reduce stress. Also, stay away from junk food. Eating more fruits and vegetables can provide the necessary nutrition. I hope these suggestions will be helpful to you. Wish you good health and a happy high-school life. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外国交换生好友 Jenny回信提供一些保持健康的建议。其内容包括：安慰她、提供建议并阐述理由和表达祝愿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 压力：pressure→stress 形成：develop →form 建议：suggestion→advice 首先：first→to begin with 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：First, avoid staying up late. 拓展句：First, it is advisable that you should avoid staying up late. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 Second, take regular exercise, like jogging or dancing, which helps reduce stress. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】 I hope these suggestions will be helpful to you.（运用了省略that宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$