Unit 1 第3课时 Grammar（同步课件）英语译林版九年级下册

Unit 1 Asia Grammar Language goals 1.探究it作人称代词(非人称代词)的用法并熟练掌握； 2.探究it作形式主语(形式宾语)的用法并熟练掌握； 3.掌握重点词汇：quarter,either,level,service等. 01 Lead-in Lead in Look at the word 'it'. Look at the panda. It is so cute. It’s a girl, isn’t it ? It is 10:10 p.m. It is New Year’s Day. 4 Look at the word 'it'. Do you know how to use it ? Lead in It is two kilometres from my school to my home. It is popular to hire a bicycle. It takes me half an hour to finish my homework. 5 02 Grammar Someone is knocking at the door. Please go and see who it is. Look and say They got a baby and it was very lovely.   I dropped my watch and it broke.  7 it 作人称代词 Let’s learn (3)用it指代身份不明的人。 —Who was calling you on the phone just now? —It was my cousin. (1)用it指代动物和无生命的事物 Look at the panda. It is so small. Another famous attraction is the Great Wall. It runs for over. (2)用it来指代不清楚性别的小孩子。 My aunt will have a baby soon. She hopes it will be a girl. (4)用it指代前面陈述中提到的事物、动作、情景或看法。 This is not my book.It is Jim’s. Riding around the countryside is popular in Guilin,isn’t it ? it 用法(一) If an animal is a pet, we usually use he or she for it. Eg.My cat is very friendly. She is a happy cat. 8 Practice Read the passage below and find out what each it refers to. 1. ____________________ 2. ____________________ 3. ____________________ 4. ____________________ ____________________ 5. ____________________ 6. ____________________ ____________________ 7. ____________________ ____________________ the Summer Palace the lake the lake we could not row a boat there the 17-hole bridge the lions are all different each other an unknown person who called me It is 5:00 p.m. It is two kilometres from my school to my home. It is raining heavily outside. Look and say It is 18 November today. 用it指代时间、 日期、天气、 距离等。 it 作非人称代词 10 Practice Rewrite the following sentences with it. 1. Today is 22 February. We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning. ____________________. We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning. 2. Shanghai is about 1,300 kilometres from Beijing. ________________________ from Beijing to Shanghai. 3. I woke up at 5 a.m. this morning. _____________ when I woke up this morning. It is 22 February today It is about 1,300 kilometres It was 5 a.m. Leaving for Shanghai. 11 Practice Rewrite the following sentences with it. 4. I felt a little cold when we went out. The temperature was only 2℃. I felt a little cold when we went out. _______________. 5. Winter is very cold and dry in Beijing. In winter, ____________________________. 6. We arrived in Shanghai on a sunny day. _________________ when we arrived in Shanghai. 7. We got to our hotel at noon. ____________ when we got to our hotel. 8. Our hotel is not far from the Bund. ___________ from the Bund to our hotel. It was only 2℃ it is very cold and dry in Beijing It was a sunny day It was noon It is not far 12 It is popular to hire a bicycle and ride around the countryside. It is very tiring to climb the steps. Look and say It was easy to get lost in such a big city. it 作形式主语 13 Many people find it pleasant to travel around. All of us find it  necessary  to take exercise  every day. Look and say I thought it comfortable to live in such a hotel. it 作形式宾语 14 (2)it作为形式主语，替代不定式短语、动名词短语及从句。常用句型： sb. think(s)/find(s)/… it + adj. + to do sth. 某人认为/发现/…做某事是…的 I take it for granted that you all know this. 我假设你们都知道这件事。 it 作形式主语(形式宾语) (1)it作为形式主语，替代不定式短语、动名词短语及从句。常用句型： It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……的 It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是……的 It takes sb. + some time + to do sth. 某人做某事花费一些时间 It is said/reported/… that … 据说/据报道…… Let’s learn it 用法(三) 15 Miss Thompson, a British teacher travelling with the exchange students, is writing down what she thinks about Shanghai. Help her complete her notes. Practice 16 Practice Traffic: The traffic is often busy, but public transport here is quite good, so ________ (easy) for people to get around. Weather: __________ (sunny) and warm. We like ____ here. Environment: _________ (said) that the air is not clean here, but I do not think the pollution is as serious as I imagined. Signs: Shanghai is beautiful. ________ (fun) to ride around the city and visit the interesting places. Food: Chinese food is delicious. I will ask my family to go to a Chinese restaurant and try ____ when I get back. Hotel: We all think _______________ (comfortable) to stay in this hotel. They provide a high level of service. People: The local people are friendly. ________ (kind) of them to answer all our questions. it is easy It is sunny it It is said It is fun it it is comfortable It is kind 作形式主语 表天气 代词，前面提过的东西 作形式主语 作形式主语 代词，前面提过的东西 作形式宾语 作形式主语 17 it /that /one Let’s learn (1) it，指上文提到的或者下文将要提到的人、事物和情况。 即“同名同物” ---Where is the dog? ---It is in the other room. (3)one，“同名异物”，泛指任何人和事物 I don’t have a book.Can you lend me one? (2)that，“同名异物”，特指同一类， The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Chongqing. 辨析 ---Excuse me,Where is Xingguang Theatre? ---Go along this road to the end,and you’ll fing _____on your left. it 18 03 Language points Language points 1.The lake is very big—it takes up three quarters of the area. Point 1 takes up take up 占据(时间)；占用(空间) take构成的常用短语： take off 起飞；脱下 take on 承担；呈现 take over 接管；接收；接手 take away 拿走；带走 The table takes up too much room. I won’t take up any more of your time. (1) (2) (3) (4) 20 Language points 1.The lake is very big—it takes up three quarters of the area. Point 2 分数 “分数+of+限定词+名词”作主语时， 谓语动词的单复数一般根据of后面的名词而定。 如果名词是复数，谓语动词用复数形式； 如果名词是单数或者不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。 Two thirds of the water is dirty. One third of the workers in our factory are young people. (1) (2) (3) (4) 21 Language points 2.We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning. Point leave leave sp. 离开某地 leave for sp. 动身去某地 leave A for B 离开A地去B地 He will leave his country two days later. She left Nanjing for Shanghai yesterday. (1) (2) (3) (4) 22 Language points 3.There are many stone lions on either side of it. Point either either此处用作限定词，意为“（两者中的）任何一个；（两者中的）每一个”，后接名词单数形式。 You can see many shops on either side of the road. 你可以在路的两边看到许多商店。 (1) (2) (3) (4) 23 Language points 3.There are many stone lions on either side of it. Point either (1) either作代词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 You can take either of the pencils. 两支铅笔你拿哪一支都行。 (3) either作副词，意为“也”，用于否定句句末，表示补充说明。 He doesn’t know the way to the museum, either. 他也不懂得去博物馆的路。 (2)either作副词，常用“either...or...”，意为“或者…或者…” 当连接两个名词或代词作主语时， 谓语动词的单复数要与or后面所接的名词或代词的数保持一致。 Either you or she is right. 不是你对就是她对。 either (1) (2) (3) (4) 24 04 Summary It 用法 Summary (1) it作人称代词，代替人、事、物等。 a.用it指代动物和无生命的事物； b.用it来指代不清楚性别的小孩子； c.用it指代身份不明的人； d.用it指代前面陈述中提到的事物、动作、情景或看法； e.其他用法。 (3) it作形式主语或形式宾语 It is + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……的 It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是……的 It takes/took sb. + some time + to do sth. 某人做某事花费一些时间 It is said/reported/… that … 据说/据报道…… (2)it作非人称代词 用it指代时间、日期、天气、距离等。 It 用法 26 05 Exercises 1.About __________ of the earth ______ covered with water. A. three-fourth; is B. three-fourth; are C. three-fourths; is D. three-fourths; are 2.---Who was waiting for you at the door? ---______ was Daniel. A. That B. He C. It D. This 3.I found ______ impossible to communicate with him. A. that B. this C. it D. it’s Exercises 一、单项选择 (1) (2) (3) (4) 28 4. —There is still a copy of the magazine in the reading room. Will you go and borrow ________? —No. I’d rather buy ________ in the bookshop after school. A.it; one B.one; one C.one; it 5.—When shall I come to your home, in the morning or afternoon? —________ is OK. I’ll be in all day. A.Either B.Neither C.None 6.—Have you decided to send your daughter to study abroad? —Not yet. ________ difficult ________ our family to make such a big decision. A.It’s; of B.It’s; for C.That’s; for Exercises 一、单项选择 (1) (2) (3) (4) 29 See you $$