2024年河北省中职总复习连词（一）

连词 连词定义： 连词是一种在句子与句子之间，短语之间以及名词等其他词语之间起连接作用的词。它不能单独作句子的成分。 如： It is neither too cold nor too hot in spring. （neither…nor连接两个词） You can read either in the morning or in the afternoon. （either…or连接两个短语） Hu Lan was late yesterday because she woke up too late. （because连接两个句子） 一、并列连词 and ：和，并且 My uncle lives and works in Shanghai. 我叔叔在上海居住和工作。 He likes apples and pears. 他喜欢苹果和梨子。 2.or :①在否定句中表示“和” 如：He can’ t read or write. 他不会读书和写字。 There’ s no air or water there. 那里没有空气和水。 I don’t like reading or writing. 我不喜欢读,也不喜欢写。 ②or 在肯定句和疑问句中表示 “或者” “是…还 是…”“否则” Are you a teacher or a student? 你是老师还是学生？ You can take some food or some money.  你可以带点吃的或带点钱。 Which do you like, apple or banana? 苹果或者香蕉，你喜欢哪一个? ③祈使句+ and （那么）/ or（否则） + 陈述句 Hurry up，or we can’t catch up with the first bus. 　赶快，否则我们会赶不上第一班车。 Try your best , and you will pass the exam. 尽全力，那么你就会通过考试。 Study hard, or you will fail the exam. 努力学习，否则你通不过考试。 (安徽卷)Work hard，_____ you will pass the exam. A. and B.but C. or D. as （湖北卷）Get up early, _______ you will be late for the bus tomorrow morning. but B. or C. in case of D. for Go this way , ______ you will see the library on your left. 走这条路，那么你就会看到图书馆在你左边。 A B and 3. but 但是，可是。 前后分句是转折关系 Mr Mott is very poor, but he feels happy. Mott先生很穷，但他感到快乐。 I like fish very much, but I don’t like chicken. 我喜欢鱼肉，可是我很不喜欢鸡肉。 He is clever, but he is lazy. 他聪明但是懒惰。 She got up late ,but she was not late for class. 她起晚了，但是并没有迟到。 4. so 于是，因此 。连接具有因果关系的两个分句。 We wanted to learn the English songs, so we asked the teacher to teach us. 我们想学英文歌，于是请老师教我们 It began to rain, so the meeting was put off. 开始下雨了，因此/所以会议被推迟了。 They would like to go to college , so they study very hard at school. 他们想上大学，因此他们非常努力。 My parents left for Beijing, so I had to look after my little brother at home. 我的父母去北京了，因此我必须在家照顾我的弟弟。 5.for（___________），补充说明理由，不用于句首 The shop was quite new，for it had opened only the week before. 那家商店非常新，因为是一周前刚开的。 I will follow his advice, for he is an excellent doctor. 我将遵循他的建议，因为他是一名优秀的医生。 Lily didn’t go to school, for she was badly ill , Lily 没有去学校，因为天病得很严重。 因为 6.either...or … 或者...或者....；不是...就是.... You can come to see me either on Sunday or on Saturday. 你可以在周日或者周六来看我。 It is either too cold or too hot here. 这里不是太冷就是太热。 I don't like its color, it is either too dark or too light. 我不喜欢它的颜色，不是太暗就是太浅。 Either you or I am going to Beijing. 你或者我将要去北京。 You will _____ go to Beijing _____go to Tianjin. 你要么去北京，要么去天津。 either or D 7.neither...nor... 既不……也不…… We can ____ see _____touch air. A.both ;and B. neither; nor C. not only;but also D. either; or I will take neither the red coat nor the blue coat. 我既不买那件红色的外套，也不买那件蓝色的外套。 B 1.(湖北卷)Either you or the headmaster_____ the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting tomorrow. A.is handing out B.are handing out C.are to hand out D. is to hand out 我和他都没有看过这部电影。 Neither he nor I have seen the film. Neither I nor he has seen the film. Either you or I am a student. 我和你都是学生。 就近原则 D 8. not only...but also...不仅……而且…… My daughter can not only sing but also dance. 我的女儿不仅能唱，还会跳。 She is not only our teacher but also our friend. 她不仅是我们的老师而且是我们的朋友。 She can speak not only English but also French. 　她不仅会说英语而且也会说法语。 （山东卷)Not only Mary but also her parents _____to another shopping center tomorrow. A.are going B.is going C. go D.goes A 就近原则 其它常见连词 1.as well as :_____________ “________原则” He sings as well as her sister does. 他唱歌唱得跟她妹妹一样好。 I’m learning English as well as French. 我不但学习英语而且学习法语。 She as well as her parents, _______(go) shopping every weekend. (谓语动词goes 和she 保持一致) 和...一样；不但...而且... 就远原则 goes 2.while :____________________________,强调对比和转折 His mother was cooking while he was watching TV. 当他在看电视的时候，他的妈妈在做饭。 He walked in, while we were talking. 当我们正在聊天的时候，他走了进来。 While the work was difficult, it was interesting. 尽管那项工作困难，还是很有意思。 Some people waste food while others haven’t enough. 有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。 当...时，与此同时；然而；尽管 3. however _______________ It’s raining hard. However, I think we should go out. 虽然雨下得很大，但是我认为我们应该出去。 She felt sick. However, she still went to work. 她觉得不舒服，然而她依然去上班了。 However, he couldn’t finish the work by himself. 但是她无法独自完成那项工作。 然而；但是 4.rather than:________________ I want a cold drink rather than coffee. ______________________________________ Shall we go out for a walk rather than watch TV? ______________________________________ He is a writer rather than a teacher. ____________________________________ 而不是 我想喝冷饮而不是咖啡。 我们可以出去走走而不是看电视吗？ 他是一名作家而不是一名教师。 5.not...but...:____________ Not Jim but Tom broke the window. ______________________________________ She wants to buy not a shirt, but a dress. ___________________________________ He is not playing basketball but playing football. _______________________________________ 不是...而是.... 不是Jim而是Tom打碎了窗户。 他不想买衬衫而是想买裙子。 他不是在打篮球，而是在踢足球。 6.when ________________ He was doing his homework when I called him. 当我打电话给他的时候他正在做作业。 I will tell him the truth when he comes back. 当他回来的时候我会会诉他。 My father bought me a bike when I was 6. 当我6岁的时候我父亲给我买了一辆自行车。 当...时 7.as _________________ As I waited at the bus stop , I saw my friend. 当我在公交站等车的时候，我看到了我的朋友。 MoYan is famous as a writer. 莫言作为一名作家很有名。 As it rained just now, the air is cooler. 因为刚才下雨，空气变得更凉爽了。 He did as I told him. 他按照我告诉他的做。 当...时； 作为；因为；按照 ※拓展： as....as..._____________ as .... as possible____________ as far as___________ as long as____________ as if/though__________ the same as____________ as well ________ as well as__________ such as___________ as a result of__________ as usual__________ regard...as....___________ ...和...一样 尽可能...地 就...而言 只要 和...一样 好像 也 和；以及 例如 因此；由于 像往常一样 把....当做... 8.since ____________ (现在完成时)；___________(=now that) Lily has learnt English since she was 6. ______________________________________ He has worked here since he graduated. ____________________________________ Since everyone is here , let’s begin our work. ______________________________________ Since it is raining, we are not going outdoors. 自...以来 既然；由于 Lily自六岁起就已经开始学英语了 他从毕业以来就在这里工作了 既然大家都到了，让我们开始工作吧 由于正在下雨，我们就不出去了。 9.until /till ______ (not ...until..._________________) Wait here until / till your mother comes back. ___________________________________________ He didn’t go home until he finished his work. __________________________________________ The little girl didn’t stop crying until I gave her some candies. ______________________________________ 直到...才... 在这儿等着直到你妈妈回来 他直到完成工作才回家 直到我给那个小女孩一些糖果她才停止哭泣 直到 10.before __________ Please turn off the lights before you leave the classroom. _________________________________________ He stood before the mirror and looked at himself. ___________________________________________ 11.after _________ After he finished his work , he went home. 他完成工作之后，回家了。 We ran after them. 我们在他们后边跑着。 在...之前 你离开之前请关灯 他站在镜子前看着自己 在...之后 12.as soon as ______________ I’ll call you as soon as I get there. _____________________________ I will tell you as soon as he comes back. _________________________________ 13.because None of us can answer this question because it’s difficult. 因为这个问题太难了我们没有人能回答。 The meeting must be put off because of the hard rain. 因为雨太大了，会议必须要推迟。 一...就... 我一到那儿就给你打电话 他一回来我就告诉你 因为 14. if _________(表示假设的条件)_______（动词之后） If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go shopping. 如果明天不下雨，我们将去购物。 If you want to get something, you must take an action. 如果你想得到什么，你就必须付出行动。 I don’t know if he will come back. 我不知道他是否会回来。 I wonder if she is ill. 我想知道她是否生病了 如果 是否 15.unless ________ You won’t pass the exam unless you study hard. 除非你努力学习，否则你不会通过考试。 I won’t forgive him unless he says sorry to me. 如果他不给我道歉，我不会原谅他。 He didn’t believe you unless you told him the truth. 除非你告诉我真相，否则他不会相信你。 除非；如果不 16.as long as __________ You can do what you want to do as long as you finish the task. ________________________________________ I will tell you as long as he comes back. _________________________________________ You will realize your dream as long as you try your best. ————————————————————— 只要你完成那项任务，你就可以做你想做的事情。 只要 只要他一回来我就会告诉你。 只要全力以赴，你就会实现自己的梦想。 17.in case_________ I will stay here in case you need me. 我将会待在这儿以防你需要我。 Write the telephone number down in case you forget. 把电话号码写下来以防你忘记。 In case I forget, remind me to get up early for the morning meeting tomorrow. 万一我忘记了，记得提醒我明天早上早点起床参加晨会。 以防；万一 18.so that ____________________ Speak clearly so that they can understand you. __________________________________________ I left early this morning, so that I caught the first bus. ____________________________________________ We read more books so that we may get more knowledge. _____________________________________________ 以便；为了 说得清楚一些以便他能理解 为了赶上早班车，今天早上我早早就出门了 为了获得更多的知识我们需要读更多的书 19.in order that 为了；以便 He got up early in order that he can catch the first bus. ___________________________________________ I posted the letter today in order that you could get it tomorrow. ___________________________________________ I raised my voice in order that they could hear me clearly. ______________________________________ 为了赶上早班车，他早上很早就出门了 为了你明天就能收到信件，我今天就寄走了。 我提高我的音量以便他们能听清。 20.so...that...____________ The question is so difficult that we can’t answer it. __________________________________________ He studied so hard that he got the first place in the second exam. _________________________________________ I felt so sick that I had to ask for leave to have a rest. ________________________________________ 那个问题如此难以至于我们回答不出来。 他学习如此努力以至于他在第二次考试中获得了第一名。 我感觉很不舒服，因此我必须请假休息一下。 如此...以至于.... 21.such...that... ________________ It is such a difficult question that we can’t answer it. 这个问题如此难以至于我回答不上来。 He is such an excellent student that every teacher likes him. 他如此优秀，每个老师都喜欢他。 22.though /although _________ Though / Although they are poor,they are generous. 虽然他很穷，但是他们很慷慨。 He is happy although/though he lives alone. 尽管他一个人住，他依然很开心。 如此...以至于... 虽然；尽管 23.even if /even though ______________ Even if / though it was raining ,she still went to work. _______________________________________ Even though /if I hate driving, I'm still going to work by car.  _______________________________________ Even though/if I fail again,I will never give up. _______________________________________ 即使；尽管 即使正在下雨，她依然去上班了 即使我很讨厌开车，我依然开车去上班。 尽管我又失败了，我也不会放弃 $$