Unit1 Science and Scientists 重点单词讲解学案-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

选择性必修二 Unit 1 重点单词 1、severe adj. 严重的；恶劣的 -- severity n. 严重性 -- severely adv. 严重地 -- severe weather 恶劣天气 例句：The storm caused severe damage. 【翻译】 2、 diarrhoea 腹泻 -- suffer from diarrhoea遭受腹泻 3、dehydration n.脱水 例句：Athletes need to prevent dehydration. 【翻译】 4、 frustrated adj. 沮丧的；挫败的 -- frustrate vt. 使沮丧 -- frustration n. 沮丧 -- frustrating adj. 令人沮丧的 -- in frustration 沮丧地 Practice 1　 What _________ me most was the ________________ results of our failure in the match, after which the players looked very ________________ and the fans left the stadium in ___________ . 5、solve a problem once and for all 一劳永逸地解决一个问题 【了解】 6、contradictory adj. 矛盾的；对立的 -- contradict v. 反驳 -- contradiction n. 矛盾 -- be contradictory to… 与……矛盾 例句： contradictory ideas 相互矛盾的想法 What he said was contradictory to the truth. 【翻译】 Her actions were contradictory to her words. 【翻译】 7、infect vt. 感染；传染 -- infection n. 感染 -- infectious adj. 传染性的 a bacterial infection 细菌感染 prevent infection 预防感染 Practice 1　 It was her positive spirit and laughter that ________ the whole class yesterday. 2　 Surgeons wear masks to prevent the spread of _______ (infect) 8、Germs can cause illness. 细菌可以引起疾病。 “kill germs”（杀菌） 9、 subscribe vi. & vt. 订阅；同意 -- subscriber n. 订阅者 -- subscription n. 订阅 · subscribe to... 订阅/同意…… 例句： R subscribe to a magazine 订阅杂志 R subscribe for shares 认购股份 R She subscribes to the idea that education is essential. 她赞同教育是必不可少的观点。 10、 proof(s) n. 证据；证明 -- prove v.证实，证明 provide proof 提供证据 11、multiple adj. 数量多的 “multiple choices”（多种选择） “multiple functions”（多种功能） “multiple factors” （多种因素） 12、pump [pʌmp] n. 泵 The water pump is not working. 【翻译】 13、 household adj. 家用的；全家的；家喻户晓的 -- household appliances 家用电器 -- household members家庭成员 14、suspect vt. 怀疑；推测 n. 嫌疑人 -- suspicion n. 怀疑 · suspect sb of (doing) sth 怀疑某人（做过）某事 例句：The police suspect him of theft. 警方怀疑他有盗窃行为。 15.blame vt. 责备；归咎于 n. 责任 · blame sb. for sth. 因某事而责备某人 · blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎到某人身上 Practice 1　 They blamed him _____ the accident which happened the other day. 2　 Don’t always blame your own failure ______ others. 16、handle vt. 处理；搬动 n. 把手；手柄 handle a problem 处理一个问题 door handle 门把手 17. intervention n. 介入; 出面；干涉 -- intervene v. 干涉 “government intervention”（政府干预） 18、 link n. 链接；联系 vt. 连接；联系 · link A with B 把A与B联系起来 · be linked to… 与……有关=be related to “link two things together”（把两件事连接在一起） 19. raw adj. 生的; 未经处理的 raw materials原材料 20. pure adj. 纯的；纯净的 -- purity n. 纯净 -- purify v. 净化 -- pure water 纯净水 21.substantial 大量的；价值巨大的 · The project required substantial funds. 这个项目需要大量资金。 22. decrease v.n. 减少；降低——increase 增加 · decrease by... 减少了多少 · decrease to... 减少到多少 ( 例句： The wheat production this year has decreased by 25% compared to last year . 今年的小麦产量比去年减少了25% 。 ) 【单句语法填空】Over the past decades, sea ice ______(decrease) in the Arctic as a result of global warming.   23. thanks to 幸亏; 由于 R thanks to sb.'s help 多亏某人的帮助 = owing to... = due to... = as a result of... = as a consequence of... = on account of... = because of... 24.statistic [pl.] 统计数字；统计资料 collect statistics收集统计数据 analyze statistics 分析统计资料 【了解】 25. transform vt. 转变；改造；变换 -- transformation n. New technology can transform the way we live. 【翻译】 26.epidemiology study of epidemiology 流行病学研究 27.microscope n. 显微镜 Bacteria can only be seen with a microscope. 【翻译】 28.thinking n. 思想；思维 -- thinker n. 思想家 Critical thinking is important in problem-solving. 批判性思维 29、protein 蛋白质 Protein is essential for muscle growth. 蛋白质对肌肉生长至关重要。 30、cell 细胞；小房间；单间牢房； -- living cell 活细胞 31、finding n. 发现；调查结果；(法律)判决 Eg: The research findings were published in a journal. 研究发现发表在了期刊上。 32. initial = original adj. 最初的；开始的 -- initially adv. 最初 -- initial stage 初期阶段 33、flu vaccine 流感疫苗 34. solid 可靠的；固体的 --- lay a solid foundation 奠定一个坚实的基础 -- 液体liquid 气体gas 35.cast 投; 抛；扔 R The tree cast a shadow in the sunlight. 树在阳光下投射出一个阴影。 36. pour vt. 倾倒；倾斜 The crowd suddenly poured into the store．人群突然涌进商店。 The rain continued to pour down. 雨继续下着。 Please pour me a glass of wine. 37.concrete adj. 具体的；确实的 n. 混凝土 -- concrete evidence 确凿的证据 --a concrete floor 38.blood plasma 血浆 40.patriotic 爱国的——patriotism 爱国主义 R We were deeply moved by her patriotic spirit. 【翻译】 41. break out 爆发 -- When the World War I broke out, he seemed to have become another man, downhearted. 【翻译】 42、aviation industry 航空业 43. defend vt. 捍卫；防守；辩解 -- defense n. 防御 -- defensive adj. 防御的 -- in defence of保护；为了保卫 R defend the country 保卫国家 R He gave his life in defence of his country. 他在保卫祖国的时候付出了生命。 44. assistant n. 助理 -- assist v.帮助 -- assistance n.帮助，援助 45. in charge of... 负责……（人做主语） · in the charge of... 由…负责 (物做主语) · free of charge 免费 · charge v. 充电; 收费；控告 E.g. 1　 The cook is in charge of the kitchen helper. 这位厨师负责管理帮厨。 2　 The activity is in the charge of the students in the English Department. 这项活动由英语系的学生负责。 3　 All the drinks including beer are free of charge. 全部饮料包括啤酒在内都是免费的。 46、launch a missile 发射导弹 47、leading adj. 领先的 48.trace n. 痕迹；踪迹 v. 追溯；追踪 · trace back to... = date back to... 追溯到…… 49. outstanding adj. 杰出的，优秀的 -- extraordinary adj. 非凡的，卓越的 -- brilliant adj. 聪颖的；杰出的；绝妙的 outstanding performance 杰出的表现 50. gifted adj. 有天赋的; 天才的 = talented · be gifted in ... 在……方面有天赋 The child is gifted in mathematics. 【翻译】 51. come down with... 患（病）；染上（小病） E.g. I think I have come down with flu. 我想我得了流感。 come up with... 提出 come across... 偶遇 come out 出现；出版， When it comes to ... 当谈及…… 52. steady adj. 稳定的(=stable)；稳固的 -- steadily adv. 稳定地 The economy is growing steadily. 【翻译】 53、The concept is too abstract for me to understand. -- new concept 新概念 54、astronaut 宇航员——astro -星星 55、besides 除了...之外 * besides-做加法——Besides the milk and bread, we need vegetables.除了面包和牛奶，我们还需要蔬菜。 * except_做减法——We all took part in the party except John.除了约翰，我们都去参加这个聚会了。 *except for ,强调美中不足，Your writing is good except for a few grammar mistakes.除了几处语法错误外，你的文章写得很好。 56. furthermore adv. 此外；而且 -- in addition -- moreover -- besides 57. above all Above all, we need to ensure the safety of our children. 【翻译】 R after all毕竟 R all in all 总而言之 R not at all (否定句)一点儿也不 58. It's not your fault. 这不是你的错。 59. shift one's attention 转移注意力 60. vivid adj. 生动的；鲜明的 -- vividly adv. 生动地 vivid description 生动的描述 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$