精品解析：重庆市渝北中学校2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试题

渝北中学2024-2025学年上期高2026级半期质量监测 英语试题 （全卷共四部分，总分150分，考试时长120分钟） 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考号填写清楚。 2. 请将所有答案写在答题卡上，不得在试卷上直接作答。 3. 选择题部分请按题号用2B铅笔填涂。 4. 非选择题部分请按题号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the speakers have for dinner tonight? A. Hamburgers. B. Soup. C. Noodles. 2. What is the man doing? A. Reading a book. B. Taking a photo. C. Fixing the woman’s teeth. 3. Where are the speakers? A. At a cinema. B. In a library. C. On a plane. 4. What is the woman asked to do? A. Stay in the restroom. B. Leave the building. C. Put out the fire. 5. What does the woman offer to do for the man? A. Introduce her brother to him. B. Design a work of art for him. C. Manage his gallery. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选顶。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The plan for the charity program. B. The influence of global COVID-19. C. The troubles people caused in Africa. 7. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Do more research. B. Share his ideas. C. Organize a meeting. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where is the book set? A. In Europe. B. In Africa. C. In America. 9. What does the woman think of the beginning of the book? A. Boring. B. Difficult. C. Enjoyable. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What did the man do today? A. He took lots of phone calls. B. He worked out a program. C. He wrote some papers. 11. Why do the speakers want to go out later? A. To try a new restaurant. B. To relax after a busy day. C To meet a customer. 12. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Husband and wife. C. Waiter and customer. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Who has just visited the speakers’ house? A. A local researcher. B. Aunt Helen. C. A postman. 14. What has the man been waiting to receive? A. A postcard. B. A magazine. C. A bill. 15. What will happen around 2030? A. There will be more space stations. B. The International Space Station will retire. C Two more teams will be sent to Tiangong. 16. What will the man probably do first? A. Read an article. B. Eat dinner. C. Do his homework. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who began the fun tradition? A. George V. B. George VI. C. Elizabeth II. 18. How old was Ruth Park-Pearson when she received the card? A 60 years old. B. 70 years old. C. 100 years old. 19. What was on the card Ruth Park-Pearson received? A. A picture of flowers. B. A painting from the new king. C. A photograph of the new king and queen. 20. What did Ruth Park-Pearson do when she was young? A. She served in the army. B. She owned a flower shop. C. She worked at Buckingham Palace. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A When the Winter Olympic Games come around every four years, there is one in particular that seems to capture the hearts and minds of many: curling (冰壶). What is it? Curling is one of the oldest sports at the Winter Olympics. It has origins in16th century Scotland, where games took place on frozen ponds or lakes. It is a sport that requires precise technique and strategy. What are needed to play curling? Each curler has their own brush and shoes specialized for the sport. One shoe grasps the ice, while the other is slippery — called a slider — allowing players to slide with the curling stone. When they’re playing it. Curling stones are made from granite (花岗岩) and weigh almost 20 kilos. The brush is used to sweep in front of the stone to warm its path, allowing it to travel further if desired. It can also help the stone remain on course toward the target. How do you score points? At each side of the playing surface, there are a series of rings similar to a target — the house. Once an end is completed, a team scores one point for each of its stones in or touching the house that are closer to the center than any of the opposition team’s stones. Only one team can score in an end. If neither team’s stones are touching the house, no points are scored. A curling game is competed over ten ends and the team with the most points wins. An average game of championship curling can last up to three hours. With that, you’re your feet up, sit back, relax and watch the Olympic curling. 1. What is the use of a slider? A. It holds the ice tightly. B. It helps stones slide fast. C. It keeps the floor slippery. D. It makes players move smoothly. 2. Why do players use a brush to sweep the floor? A. To clean up the floor. B. To control the route of the stone. C. To stop the stone from travelling. D. To prevent opponents sliding the stone. 3. Which of the following teams can score one point? A. The team that keeps playing up to three hours. B. The team whose stone doesn’t touch the house. C. The team whose stone enters the house closer to the center. D. The team that completes ten ends earlier than its opponent. B A design by a lucky teenager David Pearce will line pockets across the UK after George Osborne, a British politician, announced his drawing will appear on the new £1 coin. The 15-year-old’s design for the new coin was picked from more than 6,000 entries and will be struck in 2017. The new pound coin design is being introduced, because the current £1 is easy to counterfeit (伪造). The Royal Mint says that about three percent of all coins — or about 45 million — are now counterfeits. In most parts of the UK, the figure is as high as six percent. David, from Walsall, who was welcomed with other young entrants to Downing Street to celebrate their success, said they could not believe his design, which features four well-known symbols of the UK: a rose, leek, thistle and shamrock emerging from a Royal Coronet (王冠), had been chosen for the new coin. He said, “I was really excited to hear that I had won the competition to design the new£1 coin but hugely shocked as well. I heard about the competition through. my design teacher at school. I spent a lot of time researching what sort of designs would represent all parts of the UK before submitting my idea and honestly cannot believe I have won.” The design, which will be true to David’s original entry, has been improved for use on the new coin with the support of well-known coin artist David Lawrence and lettering expert Stephen Raw. The £1 coin will have the same shape as the old 12-sided three-penny piece and is set to be the most secure coin in circulation in the world due to its bi-metallic (双金属的) construction and the Royal Mint’s new advanced anti-counterfeiting technology. 4. Which of the following statements is wrong? A. It was not easy for David’s design to be chosen. B. David was surprised at his design being chosen. C. David devoted a lot of time and energy to the design. D. David’s original design is the final design of the coin. 5 The reason to design the new pound coin is that ________. A. the old one is easy to counterfeit B. the former design is out of date C. David’s design stands out among others’ D. six percent of all coins are counterfeits 6. What’s the new coin’s obvious advantage compared to the old one? A. It has the same shape as the old 12-sided three-penny piece. B. It will be the most secure coin in circulation in the world. C. It was designed by a teenager named David. D. There are four well-known features of the UK on it. 7. What does the underlined word “entries” mean in Paragraph Two? A. participants B. works C. designers D. judges C The current urgency to cut plastics use is accelerating our search for new materials, especially for containers that can hold liquids. But glass is an existing material that could be the star of a net-zero carbon economy. Worldwide, glass manufacturing (制造) produces at least 86 million tons of carbon dioxide every year. But most of this can be eliminated (去除) when glass is recycled, and existing technologies could turn glass manufacturing into a mostly carbon-free process. What needs to happen is for countries to stop sending glass to landfill sites, and to make glass recycling compulsory. Glass is made by heating limestone, sand and soda ash to 1,500℃. This heat comes from natural gas, and it accounts for between 75% and 85% of the carbon emissions (排放) from glass manufacturing. The remaining emissions are a by-product of the chemical reactions between the raw materials. But some of these materials can be replaced with crushed recycled glass, known as cullet. When cullet is melted no CO2 is released. And furnaces (熔炉) don’t have to burn so fiercely to melt glass as to melt the raw materials, offering further carbon savings. Carbon can also be saved by decarbonizing the process of melting the chemical mix during manufacturing. If the electricity source were fully decarbonized, it would mean that the entire process of glass-making would effectively be carbon-free. Some questions will need further research. Governments need to know the cost of boosting systems for glass collection and recycling, so that they can allocate (分配) appropriate resources. Furthermore, glass is heavier than plastic, so using it as a replacement will probably add to transport costs and emissions. More countries need to pass laws to reduce waste and eventually stop sending glass to landfill. That will automatically create greater motivation for glass to be recycled. Glass is an essential material. The answers are there, and they are relatively simple. They need to be put into practice — and we can all raise a glass to that. 8. What is the current situation of glass recycling and making? A. Glass is recycled in most countries. B. Glass recycling won’t produce CO2. C. Glass ends up in landfill in many countries. D. Glass making produces most of the global CO2 emission. 9. What contributes to lowering CO2 emission in glass manufacturing? A. Burning furnaces to a high temperature. B. Making glass from limestone, sand and soda. C. Removing CO2 from production by melting cullet. D. Decarbonizing the melting process using raw materials. 10. What does the word “decarbonizing” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Reducing the amount of carbon released. B. Simplifying the process of glass making. C. Removing carbon from the chemical mix. D. Generating electricity using recycled glass. 11. What is the text mainly about? A How to Build a Zero-carbon World B. Glass, a Hidden Jewel in a Carbon-free Future C. Glass Manufacturing, a Decarbonizing Process D. How to Prevent People Sending Glass to Landfill D Like many other living organisms, humans are born. Compete for resources, reach maturity, reproduce, decline and die. Evolution needs us for just two purposes — adapt and reproduce. But, unlike other species, we humans are conscious of our fate after reaching peak performance — loss of function, weakness, and eventual loss of everything, youth is not an exception. Although we don’t have that much control over aging processes, the attempts at looking young never stop. Now it is technologically possible to shave a decade or even two off the way we look by cosmetic (整容的) interventions and makeup. Plastic surgery used to be reserved only for the very rich, but it is becoming much more affordable. Additionally, many books, courses and services available online offer promise of looking younger and advice on fighting the signs of age. However, we are now facing a backlash in the form of a “body positive” movement encouraging women to ignore what feminist researchers describe as the objectifying (物化) of physical appearance favoring a more natural look. It also highlights the double standard that exists between men and women. While men can be considered competent regardless of their gray hair and wrinkles, women find themselves required to look younger to be accepted. Ironically, the most likely backlash women experience usually comes from other women rather than men. But is there anything wrong with wanting to look younger? Many studies show the link between attractiveness, self-respect, and well-being. As one study shows, body dissatisfaction often seen in young girls can also occur in women as they grow older. An online survey of over300 women between the ages of 45 and65 found that women dissatisfied with appearance and afraid of growing older were especially related to depression, lower lifespan and higher death rate. Despite the ongoing battle over body positivity and “authenticity (真实)”, wanting to look younger is very natural. Yet simply looking younger is not enough. We still need to invest more efforts into helping people live longer and more productive lives. Also, removing the risk of age-related diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease makes research into aging an investment that will repay itself many times over. 12. By mentioning cosmetic surgery and online courses in paragraph 2, the author intends to show ________. A. More people turn to anti-aging approaches to look young. B. Age has become the biggest concern for both men and women. C. Plastic surgery is merely limited to the privileged few. D. Technology allows us to control the aging process. 13. The word “backlash” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________. A. comment B. resist C. support D. doubt 14. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. It carries little weight to research on appearance. B. Increasing people’s life span is a top priority. C. It is valueless to study fatal age-related diseases. D. More efforts are to be made in promising people a better life. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Alzheimer, The Last Enemy To Be Conquered B. Plastic Surgery, A Short Cut To Be Young C. No shame, A Desire to Look Young D. Lasting Attractiveness, A Secret to Long Life 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Getting a personal trainer is a good way to start your fitness program. ___16___ But if you’ve got someone there to encourage you and help you achieve your goals, you’re less likely to give up. Make sure you get someone with a recognized qualification, though, or you could do yourself permanent damage. With regular training under the guidance of a qualified trainer, you’ll see a big difference in a relatively short space of time. ___17___ Many people waste lots of money by signing up for membership and then hardly ever go. What happens to their good intentions? I don’t think people suddenly stop caring about improving their fitness, or decide they have more important things to do. ___18___ That’s when they give up hope and stop believing they’ll ever achieve their goals. Sometimes, people are put off by the idea of having to fit a visit to the gym into their busy day — you often have to go very early or late as some gyms can get very crowded. Also, what people sometimes don’t realize when they start is that it takes a lot of determination and hard work to keep training week after week. ___19___ One thing you can do to help yourself is to set manageable goals. ___20___ Some people advise writing goals down, but I think it’s better to have a flexible approach. Give yourself a really nice treat every time you reach one of your goals. And don’t get too upset if you experience setbacks — it’s a journey — there are bound to be difficulties along the way. A. But don’t expect to find it easy. B. It’s a good way of building strength. C. Be realistic and don’t push yourself too far. D. Obviously there can be significant costs involved. E. Lots of people don’t have that kind of commitment. F. Don’t join a gym unless you’re sure you’ll make good use of it. G. People lose interest when they don’t think they’re making enough progress. 第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1.0分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。 I was running the mile on cinders (渣土) for the first time at a local meet. During the first lap, while running in the pack with other runners, I received a spike (鞋钉) to my ___21___ shoe. ___22___, my shoe came loose, interrupting me and creating a dilemma. I could either use my toe muscles to ___23___ the shoe on my foot and maintain some level of protection from the ___24___ surface while losing efficiency, or I could lose the shoe entirely and ___25___ the cinders. I chose the ___26___ option. Kicking the loose shoe ___27___ the track, I made a move that defined my season: I took the lead. With only the left shoe, I knew I couldn’t stay in the pack for fear of ___28___ another spike that might do serious damage. I decided to ___29___ the strategic jogging of the masses and just run away. I won that race, and I still consider it to be my most satisfying victory ____30____ it is a perfect analogy (类比) to how I now ____31____ difficult situations in life. I believe that to be successful, I have to lose the shoe. In life, things don’t ever ____32____ exactly as planned - it’s just not how the universe ____33____. The setback must be addressed and responded to aggressively in a ____34____ that can create opportunities for achievement. It may mean taking a small ____35____ to ensure a greater victory. 21. A. wrong B. right C. clean D. sports 22. A. Immediately B. Surprisingly C. Gradually D. Fortunately 23. A. protect B. switch C. kick D. hold 24. A. rough B. soft C. smooth D. wet 25. A. settle B. fix C. brave D. avoid 26. A. former B. latter C. wiser D. easier 27. A. off B. on C. down D. in 28. A. catching B. anticipating C. preventing D. losing 29. A. take up B. take over C. give up D. give away 30. A. though B. because C. while D. if 31. A. address B. assess C. admire D. adjust 32. A. chance B. shine C. exist D. go 33. A. evolves B. begins C. expands D. works 34. A. moment B. manner C. case D. sense 35. A. step B. break C. loss D. bite 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever forgotten to lock the door of your house? Or, have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer? These kinds of things happen to us all the time, ___36___ (waste) resources, and can sometimes lead to problems. However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be ___37___ (live) in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more ___38___ (comfort) environment to live in. Today, we have to use switches for our lights, knobs for our appliances, and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners. In the future, we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home. The future home will use ___39___ (integrate) sensors to tell when you leave home each morning, and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by ___40___ (it). You will no longer have to think about turning switches on and off yourself. Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. Your lights will come on ___41___ instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already ___42___ (prepare) for you. All controls will respond to voice commands, so if you want to change your routine, you just say aloud ___43___ you want and the home system will obey. This smart technology is not a ___44___ (fantastic). Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes. In this sense, the home of tomorrow is already the home of today. Nevertheless, it will take some years ____45____ most new homes begin to use this new technology. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 书面表达（满分15分） 46. 在本学期“学创活动”中，高二英语社团组织了题为“Should we fight new technology?”的征文大赛，请你投稿。主要内容包括： 1. New technology的优缺点； 2. 发表你自己的观点。 注意：写作字数80左右。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Vacation, finally!” exclaimed Meg, coming home to find Jo already lying on the sofa. “What will you do on your vacation?” asked Amy. “Stay in bed late, and do nothing,” replied Meg. “Sit in the old apple tree and read!” said Jo. “Beth, let’s not do any lessons for a while, but play all the time and rest, like Meg and Jo,” begged Amy. “I will, if Mother. doesn’t mind. I want to learn some new songs,” replied Beth. “May we all try what we want to do, Mother?” asked Meg. “You may try your experiment for a week and see how you like it,” Mrs March said with a smile. “It will be wonderful, I’m sure,” said Meg. “Fun forever, and no work!” exclaimed Jo. The next morning Meg got up at ten o’ clock and had breakfast alone. Jo spent the morning with a friend and the afternoon reading in the apple tree. Beth pulled all her toys out of her closet but then left them to play some music. Amy put on her best dress and went outside to draw, hoping someone would notice the beautiful young artist. No one appeared, so she went for a walk, got caught in the rain, and came home dripping. In the evening, they all assured their mother the experiment was going well. She smiled, said nothing, and did her work, keeping their home pleasant and running smoothly. The days became longer and longer, and it affected all four girls. Meg found time hanging heavily and started cutting and spoiling her clothes, trying to make them more fashionable. Jo read till her eyes hurt and she was sick of books. Beth sometimes suddenly shook her doll and shouted at it. Amy was quite bored, for she didn’t like dolls or reading, and she couldn’t draw all the time. But no one would admit that they were tired of the experiment. On Saturday morning, the girls got up to find no breakfast in the dining room and no mother to be seen. Meg ran upstairs and soon came back, looking relieved but a little ashamed. “Mother isn’t sick, only very tired. She says she is going to rest today and let us do the best we can.” Meg said. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 “Mother says it has been a hard week or her, so we must take care of ourselves.” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In the evening, the girls sighed: “Not a bit like home without Mother”. At this time, Mother came in. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 渝北中学2024-2025学年上期高2026级半期质量监测 英语试题 （全卷共四部分，总分150分，考试时长120分钟） 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考号填写清楚。 2. 请将所有答案写在答题卡上，不得在试卷上直接作答。 3. 选择题部分请按题号用2B铅笔填涂。 4. 非选择题部分请按题号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the speakers have for dinner tonight? A. Hamburgers. B. Soup. C. Noodles. 2. What is the man doing? A. Reading a book. B. Taking a photo. C. Fixing the woman’s teeth. 3. Where are the speakers? A. At a cinema. B. In a library. C. On a plane. 4. What is the woman asked to do? A. Stay in the restroom. B. Leave the building. C. Put out the fire. 5. What does the woman offer to do for the man? A. Introduce her brother to him. B. Design a work of art for him. C. Manage his gallery. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选顶。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The plan for the charity program. B. The influence of global COVID-19. C. The troubles people caused in Africa. 7. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Do more research. B. Share his ideas. C. Organize a meeting. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Where is the book set? A. In Europe. B. In Africa. C. In America. 9. What does the woman think of the beginning of the book? A. Boring. B. Difficult. C. Enjoyable. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What did the man do today? A. He took lots of phone calls. B. He worked out a program. C. He wrote some papers. 11. Why do the speakers want to go out later? A. To try a new restaurant. B. To relax after a busy day. C. To meet a customer. 12. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Co-workers. B. Husband and wife. C. Waiter and customer. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Who has just visited the speakers’ house? A. A local researcher. B. Aunt Helen. C. A postman. 14. What has the man been waiting to receive? A. A postcard. B. A magazine. C. A bill. 15. What will happen around 2030? A. There will be more space stations. B. The International Space Station will retire. C. Two more teams will be sent to Tiangong. 16. What will the man probably do first? A. Read an article. B. Eat dinner. C. Do his homework. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who began the fun tradition? A. George V. B. George VI. C. Elizabeth II. 18. How old was Ruth Park-Pearson when she received the card? A. 60 years old. B. 70 years old. C. 100 years old. 19. What was on the card Ruth Park-Pearson received? A. A picture of flowers. B. A painting from the new king. C. A photograph of the new king and queen. 20. What did Ruth Park-Pearson do when she was young? A. She served in the army. B. She owned a flower shop. C. She worked at Buckingham Palace. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A When the Winter Olympic Games come around every four years, there is one in particular that seems to capture the hearts and minds of many: curling (冰壶). What is it? Curling is one of the oldest sports at the Winter Olympics. It has origins in16th century Scotland, where games took place on frozen ponds or lakes. It is a sport that requires precise technique and strategy. What are needed to play curling? Each curler has their own brush and shoes specialized for the sport. One shoe grasps the ice, while the other is slippery — called a slider — allowing players to slide with the curling stone. When they’re playing it. Curling stones are made from granite (花岗岩) and weigh almost 20 kilos. The brush is used to sweep in front of the stone to warm its path, allowing it to travel further if desired. It can also help the stone remain on course toward the target. How do you score points? At each side of the playing surface, there are a series of rings similar to a target — the house. Once an end is completed, a team scores one point for each of its stones in or touching the house that are closer to the center than any of the opposition team’s stones. Only one team can score in an end. If neither team’s stones are touching the house, no points are scored. A curling game is competed over ten ends and the team with the most points wins. An average game of championship curling can last up to three hours. With that, you’re your feet up, sit back, relax and watch the Olympic curling. 1. What is the use of a slider? A. It holds the ice tightly. B. It helps stones slide fast. C. It keeps the floor slippery. D. It makes players move smoothly. 2. Why do players use a brush to sweep the floor? A. To clean up the floor. B. To control the route of the stone. C. To stop the stone from travelling. D. To prevent opponents sliding the stone. 3. Which of the following teams can score one point? A. The team that keeps playing up to three hours. B. The team whose stone doesn’t touch the house. C. The team whose stone enters the house closer to the center. D. The team that completes ten ends earlier than its opponent. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冰壶是一项起源于16世纪苏格兰的冰上运动，打冰壶需要什么以及它的比赛模式等信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由What are needed to play curling?中“One shoe grasps the ice, while the other is slippery — called a slider — allowing players to slide with the curling stone. (一只鞋能抓住冰，而另一只鞋很滑——被称为冰壶鞋——允许球员用冰上溜石滑动)”可知，冰壶鞋（slider）是为了让运动员能够顺利滑动。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。由When they’re playing it.中第二段“The brush is used to sweep in front of the stone to warm its path, allowing it to travel further if desired. It can also help the stone remain on course toward the target. (冰壶刷用于在冰壶石前面扫过，以温暖它的路径，如果需要，可以让它走得更远。它还可以帮助冰壶石保持朝向目标的方向)”可知，冰壶刷是用来控制冰壶石的路线的。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。由How do you score points?中第一段“Once an end is completed, a team scores one point for each of its stones in or touching the house that are closer to the center than any of the opposition team’s stones. (一旦结束，一支球队在比对手队的任何一块石头更靠近中心的房子里或接触房子的每一块石头都得一分)”可知，得分的条件是该队的石头进入或接触到房子，并且比对手的石头更接近中心。故选C项。 B A design by a lucky teenager David Pearce will line pockets across the UK after George Osborne, a British politician, announced his drawing will appear on the new £1 coin. The 15-year-old’s design for the new coin was picked from more than 6,000 entries and will be struck in 2017. The new pound coin design is being introduced, because the current £1 is easy to counterfeit (伪造). The Royal Mint says that about three percent of all coins — or about 45 million — are now counterfeits. In most parts of the UK, the figure is as high as six percent. David, from Walsall, who was welcomed with other young entrants to Downing Street to celebrate their success, said they could not believe his design, which features four well-known symbols of the UK: a rose, leek, thistle and shamrock emerging from a Royal Coronet (王冠), had been chosen for the new coin. He said, “I was really excited to hear that I had won the competition to design the new£1 coin but hugely shocked as well. I heard about the competition through. my design teacher at school. I spent a lot of time researching what sort of designs would represent all parts of the UK before submitting my idea and honestly cannot believe I have won.” The design, which will be true to David’s original entry, has been improved for use on the new coin with the support of well-known coin artist David Lawrence and lettering expert Stephen Raw. The £1 coin will have the same shape as the old 12-sided three-penny piece and is set to be the most secure coin in circulation in the world due to its bi-metallic (双金属的) construction and the Royal Mint’s new advanced anti-counterfeiting technology. 4. Which of the following statements is wrong? A. It was not easy for David’s design to be chosen. B. David was surprised at his design being chosen. C. David devoted a lot of time and energy to the design. D. David’s original design is the final design of the coin. 5. The reason to design the new pound coin is that ________. A. the old one is easy to counterfeit B. the former design is out of date C. David’s design stands out among others’ D. six percent of all coins are counterfeits 6. What’s the new coin’s obvious advantage compared to the old one? A. It has the same shape as the old 12-sided three-penny piece. B. It will be the most secure coin in circulation in the world. C. It was designed by a teenager named David. D. There are four well-known features of the UK on it. 7. What does the underlined word “entries” mean in Paragraph Two? A. participants B. works C. designers D. judges 【答案】4 D 5. A 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了英国15岁少年大卫·皮尔斯的硬币设计作品从6000多份参赛作品中脱颖而出，将被用于新的一英镑硬币上的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“The design, which will be true to David’s original entry, has been improved for use on the new coin with the support of well-known coin artist David Lawrence and lettering expert Stephen Raw.(这个设计将忠实于大卫的原作，在著名硬币艺术家大卫·劳伦斯和字体专家斯蒂芬·罗的支持下，已经为新硬币的使用进行了改进。)”可知，大卫最初的设计在知名硬币艺术家和字体专家的支持下进行了改进才用于新硬币，并非他的原始设计就是硬币的最终设计，故选D项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“The new pound coin design is being introduced, because the current £1 is easy to counterfeit (伪造).(新英镑硬币的设计正在被推出，因为目前的1英镑很容易被伪造。)”可知，设计新的一英镑硬币是因为现行的一英镑硬币容易被伪造，故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The £1 coin will have the same shape as the old 12-sided three-penny piece and is set to be the most secure coin in circulation in the world due to its bi-metallic (双金属的) construction and the Royal Mint’ s new advanced anti-counterfeiting technology.(1英镑硬币将与旧的12边形三便士硬币形状相同，由于其双金属结构和皇家铸币厂新的先进防伪技术，它将成为世界上流通中最安全的硬币。)”可知，新硬币相比旧硬币明显的优势在于它将成为世界上流通中最安全的硬币，这得益于其双金属结构和皇家铸币厂新的先进防伪技术，故选B项。 【7题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“The 15-year-old’s design for the new coin was picked from more than 6,000 entries and will be struck in 2017.(这位15岁少年的新硬币设计是从6,000多枚……中挑选出来的，将于2017年铸造。)”和第四段中“I was really excited to hear that I had won the competition(听说我赢得了比赛，我真的很兴奋)”可知，这里说15岁的大卫为新硬币设计的图案是6000多份entries中挑选出来的，结合语境可知这里的entries应该是指参赛作品，与works意思相近，故选B项。 C The current urgency to cut plastics use is accelerating our search for new materials, especially for containers that can hold liquids. But glass is an existing material that could be the star of a net-zero carbon economy. Worldwide, glass manufacturing (制造) produces at least 86 million tons of carbon dioxide every year. But most of this can be eliminated (去除) when glass is recycled, and existing technologies could turn glass manufacturing into a mostly carbon-free process. What needs to happen is for countries to stop sending glass to landfill sites, and to make glass recycling compulsory. Glass is made by heating limestone, sand and soda ash to 1,500℃. This heat comes from natural gas, and it accounts for between 75% and 85% of the carbon emissions (排放) from glass manufacturing. The remaining emissions are a by-product of the chemical reactions between the raw materials. But some of these materials can be replaced with crushed recycled glass, known as cullet. When cullet is melted no CO2 is released. And furnaces (熔炉) don’t have to burn so fiercely to melt glass as to melt the raw materials, offering further carbon savings. Carbon can also be saved by decarbonizing the process of melting the chemical mix during manufacturing. If the electricity source were fully decarbonized, it would mean that the entire process of glass-making would effectively be carbon-free. Some questions will need further research. Governments need to know the cost of boosting systems for glass collection and recycling, so that they can allocate (分配) appropriate resources. Furthermore, glass is heavier than plastic, so using it as a replacement will probably add to transport costs and emissions. More countries need to pass laws to reduce waste and eventually stop sending glass to landfill. That will automatically create greater motivation for glass to be recycled. Glass is an essential material. The answers are there, and they are relatively simple. They need to be put into practice — and we can all raise a glass to that. 8. What is the current situation of glass recycling and making? A. Glass is recycled in most countries. B. Glass recycling won’t produce CO2. C. Glass ends up in landfill in many countries. D. Glass making produces most of the global CO2 emission. 9. What contributes to lowering CO2 emission in glass manufacturing? A. Burning furnaces to a high temperature. B. Making glass from limestone, sand and soda. C. Removing CO2 from production by melting cullet. D. Decarbonizing the melting process using raw materials. 10. What does the word “decarbonizing” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Reducing the amount of carbon released. B. Simplifying the process of glass making. C. Removing carbon from the chemical mix. D. Generating electricity using recycled glass. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. How to Build a Zero-carbon World B. Glass, a Hidden Jewel in a Carbon-free Future C. Glass Manufacturing, a Decarbonizing Process D. How to Prevent People Sending Glass to Landfill 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了玻璃作为一种现有的材料，可能成为净零碳经济的明星，玻璃在未来无碳经济中的重要性及其潜力，作者呼吁各国政府采取措施停止将玻璃送往垃圾填埋场，并强制玻璃回收。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段中“What needs to happen is for countries to stop sending glass to landfill sites, and to make glass recycling compulsory. (各国需要做的是停止将玻璃送往垃圾填埋场，并强制玻璃回收)”和倒数第二段中“More countries need to pass laws to reduce waste and eventually stop sending glass to landfill. (更多的国家需要通过法律来减少浪费，并最终停止将玻璃送往垃圾填埋场)”可知，许多国家的玻璃最终被送到垃圾填埋场。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段中“When cullet is melted no CO2 is released. (当碎玻璃熔化时，不会释放二氧化碳)”可知，熔化碎玻璃不会释放二氧化碳，有助于降低玻璃制造中的二氧化碳排放。故选C项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。由第二段中“When cullet is melted no CO2 is released. (当碎玻璃熔化时，不会释放二氧化碳)”和“Carbon can also be saved by decarbonizing the process of melting the chemical mix during manufacturing. If the electricity source were fully decarbonized, it would mean that the entire process of glass-making would effectively be carbon-free. (通过在制造过程中熔化化学混合物的过程decarbonizing，也可以节省碳。如果电源完全脱碳，这意味着整个玻璃制造过程将有效地无碳)”可知，熔化碎玻璃不会释放二氧化碳，整个玻璃制造过程将有效地无碳，说明玻璃制造过程会减少碳的释放量，划线词意为“减少碳排放量”。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。由第一段中“But glass is an existing material that could be the star of a net-zero carbon economy. (但玻璃是一种现有的材料，可能成为净零碳经济的明星)”，第二段中“When cullet is melted no CO2 is released. (当碎玻璃熔化时，不会释放二氧化碳)”和其他内容可知，文章介绍了玻璃作为一种现有的材料，可能成为净零碳经济的明星，玻璃在未来无碳经济中的重要性及其潜力，作者呼吁各国政府采取措施停止将玻璃送往垃圾填埋场，并强制玻璃回收，B项“玻璃，无碳未来的隐藏瑰宝”符合文章大意。故选B项。 D Like many other living organisms, humans are born. Compete for resources, reach maturity, reproduce, decline and die. Evolution needs us for just two purposes — adapt and reproduce. But, unlike other species, we humans are conscious of our fate after reaching peak performance — loss of function, weakness, and eventual loss of everything, youth is not an exception. Although we don’t have that much control over aging processes, the attempts at looking young never stop. Now it is technologically possible to shave a decade or even two off the way we look by cosmetic (整容的) interventions and makeup. Plastic surgery used to be reserved only for the very rich, but it is becoming much more affordable. Additionally, many books, courses and services available online offer promise of looking younger and advice on fighting the signs of age. However, we are now facing a backlash in the form of a “body positive” movement encouraging women to ignore what feminist researchers describe as the objectifying (物化) of physical appearance favoring a more natural look. It also highlights the double standard that exists between men and women. While men can be considered competent regardless of their gray hair and wrinkles, women find themselves required to look younger to be accepted. Ironically, the most likely backlash women experience usually comes from other women rather than men. But is there anything wrong with wanting to look younger? Many studies show the link between attractiveness, self-respect, and well-being. As one study shows, body dissatisfaction often seen in young girls can also occur in women as they grow older. An online survey of over300 women between the ages of 45 and65 found that women dissatisfied with appearance and afraid of growing older were especially related to depression, lower lifespan and higher death rate. Despite the ongoing battle over body positivity and “authenticity (真实)”, wanting to look younger is very natural. Yet simply looking younger is not enough. We still need to invest more efforts into helping people live longer and more productive lives. Also, removing the risk of age-related diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease makes research into aging an investment that will repay itself many times over. 12. By mentioning cosmetic surgery and online courses in paragraph 2, the author intends to show ________. A. More people turn to anti-aging approaches to look young. B. Age has become the biggest concern for both men and women. C. Plastic surgery is merely limited to the privileged few. D. Technology allows us to control the aging process. 13. The word “backlash” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________. A. comment B. resist C. support D. doubt 14. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. It carries little weight to research on appearance. B Increasing people’s life span is a top priority. C. It is valueless to study fatal age-related diseases. D. More efforts are to be made in promising people a better life. 15. What is the best title for the text? A. Alzheimer, The Last Enemy To Be Conquered B. Plastic Surgery, A Short Cut To Be Young C. No shame, A Desire to Look Young D. Lasting Attractiveness, A Secret to Long Life 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章开篇阐述人类和其他生物一样有生老病死的过程，但人类与其他物种不同的是会意识到衰老后的状况，进而引出人们对抗衰老、让自己看起来年轻的种种做法。接着论述了出现的“body positive”运动对这种追求年轻外表做法的抵制情况，然后通过研究说明想要看起来年轻的合理性，最后提出不仅要追求看起来年轻，更要投入更多努力让人们过上更好的生活。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Although we don’t have that much control over aging processes, the attempts at looking young never stop. Now it is technologically possible to shave a decade or even two off the way we look by cosmetic (整容的) interventions and makeup. Plastic surgery used to be reserved only for the very rich, but it is becoming much more affordable. Additionally, many books, courses and services available online offer promise of looking younger and advice on fighting the signs of age. (虽然我们对衰老过程没有那么多的控制，但追求年轻的尝试从未停止。现在，通过整容手术和化妆在外表上年轻十岁甚至二十岁在技术上是可能的。整形手术曾经只供非常富有的人使用，但它正变得更加实惠。此外，许多在线提供的书籍、课程和服务都承诺让人看起来更年轻，并提供对抗衰老迹象的建议。)”可知，越来越多的人在寻求抗衰老的方法来让自己看起来年轻，所以作者提及这些是为了展示这一现象，故选A项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Although we don’t have that much control over aging processes, the attempts at looking young never stop. (虽然我们对衰老过程没有太多的控制权，但让自己看起来年轻的尝试从未停止。)”及第三段中“However, we are now facing a backlash in the form of a “body positive” movement encouraging women to ignore what feminist researchers describe as the objectifying (物化) of physical appearance favoring a more natural look. (然而，我们现在正面临一种……，其形式是一场“身体积极”运动，该运动鼓励女性忽略女权主义研究者所描述的对外表的物化，这种物化倾向于一种更自然的外观。)”可知，第三段提到“body positive”运动鼓励女性忽略物化外貌的情况，这与前面提到的人们努力让自己看起来年轻的做法是相反的，是一种抵制的态度。所以backlash在这里意思最接近resist，意为“抵制”，故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Yet simply looking younger is not enough. We still need to invest more efforts into helping people live longer and more productive lives. Also, removing the risk of age-related diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease makes research into aging an investment that will repay itself many times over. (然而，仅仅看起来年轻是不够的。我们仍然需要投入更多的努力来帮助人们过上更长寿、更有成效的生活。此外，消除阿尔茨海默病等与年龄相关疾病的风险，使得对衰老的研究成为一项会得到多倍回报的投资。)”可知，仅仅看起来年轻是不够的，我们还需要投入更多努力帮助人们活得更久、生活更有成效，还提到要消除与年龄相关疾病的风险等。这都表明要为让人们过上更好的生活做出更多努力，故选D项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Although we don’t have that much control over aging processes, the attempts at looking young never stop. (虽然我们对衰老过程没有那么多的控制，但追求年轻的尝试从未停止。)”，第三段中“However, we are now facing a backlash in the form of a “body positive” movement encouraging women to ignore what feminist researchers describe as the objectifying (物化) of physical appearance favoring a more natural look. (然而，我们现在正面临一种抵制，其形式是一场“身体积极”运动，该运动鼓励女性忽略女权主义研究者所描述的对外表的物化，这种物化倾向于一种更自然的外观。)”，第四段中“But is there anything wrong with wanting to look younger? (但是想要看起来年轻有什么错吗？)”，以及最后一段“Despite the ongoing battle over body positivity and ‘authenticity (真实)’, wanting to look younger is very natural. (尽管在身体积极性和“真实性”方面存在持续的争论，但想要看起来年轻是非常自然的。)”可知，文章整体围绕人们想要看起来年轻这一欲望展开，体现了“No shame, A Desire to Look Young (想要看起来年轻，没什么可羞耻的)”这一主旨，C项符合文意，最适合作为本文标题。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Getting a personal trainer is a good way to start your fitness program. ___16___ But if you’ve got someone there to encourage you and help you achieve your goals, you’re less likely to give up. Make sure you get someone with a recognized qualification, though, or you could do yourself permanent damage. With regular training under the guidance of a qualified trainer, you’ll see a big difference in a relatively short space of time. ___17___ Many people waste lots of money by signing up for membership and then hardly ever go. What happens to their good intentions? I don’t think people suddenly stop caring about improving their fitness, or decide they have more important things to do. ___18___ That’s when they give up hope and stop believing they’ll ever achieve their goals. Sometimes, people are put off by the idea of having to fit a visit to the gym into their busy day — you often have to go very early or late as some gyms can get very crowded. Also, what people sometimes don’t realize when they start is that it takes a lot of determination and hard work to keep training week after week. ___19___ One thing you can do to help yourself is to set manageable goals. ___20___ Some people advise writing goals down, but I think it’s better to have a flexible approach. Give yourself a really nice treat every time you reach one of your goals. And don’t get too upset if you experience setbacks — it’s a journey — there are bound to be difficulties along the way. A. But don’t expect to find it easy. B. It’s a good way of building strength. C. Be realistic and don’t push yourself too far. D. Obviously there can be significant costs involved. E. Lots of people don’t have that kind of commitment. F. Don’t join a gym unless you’re sure you’ll make good use of it. G People lose interest when they don’t think they’re making enough progress. 【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. E 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章作者指出了人们健身方法的不利之处并给出了建议， 16题详解】 与下文“But if you’ve got someone there to encourage you and help you achieve your goals, you’re less likely to give up. (如果你有人鼓励你并帮助你实现目标，你就不太可能放弃)”讲有私人教练的好处形成对比，该空承接上文“Getting a personal trainer is a good way to start your fitness program. (聘请私人教练是开始健身计划的好方法)”讲聘请私人教练的不利之处，D选项“显然，这可能会涉及巨大的成本。”切合语境。故选D项。 【17题详解】 由下文“Many people waste lots of money by signing up for membership and then hardly ever go. (许多人注册会员后几乎不去，浪费了很多钱)”和“Sometimes, people are put off by the idea of having to fit a visit to the gym into their busy day (有时，人们会因为不得不在繁忙的一天里去健身房而推迟其行程)”中关键词gym可知，作者陈述了办理健身房会员后不去健身的不利之处（浪费钱），可得出作者给出的建议是：如果你无法确保自己会用健身房，就不要浪费钱去了，F选项“除非你确信自己会好好利用健身房，否则不要去。”切合语境。故选F项。 【18题详解】 由上文“Many people waste lots of money by signing up for membership and then hardly ever go. (许多人注册会员后几乎不去，浪费了很多钱)”和“I don’t think people suddenly stop caring about improving their fitness, or decide they have more important things to do. (我认为人们不会突然停止关心改善自己的健康状况，或者决定他们有更重要的事情要做)”可知，该空应承接上文讲人们注册健身房会员后几乎不去的原因是什么，呼应上文“那就是他们放弃希望，不再相信自己会实现目标的时候”，G选项“当人们认为自己没有取得足够的进步时，他们就会失去兴趣。”切合语境。故选G项。 【19题详解】 由上文“Many people waste lots of money by signing up for membership and then hardly ever go. (许多人注册会员后几乎不去，浪费了很多钱)”和上文“Also, what people sometimes don’t realize when they start is that it takes a lot of determination and hard work to keep training week after week. (此外，人们有时在开始训练时没有意识到的是，每周坚持训练需要很大的决心和努力)”可知，针对人们注册健身房会员后几乎不去的现象，作者认为每周坚持训练需要很大的决心和努力，呼应“人们有时在开始训练时没有意识到”，E选项“很多人没有那种承诺”切合语境，说明人们做不到坚持训练的承诺。故选E项。 【20题详解】 承接上文“One thing you can do to help yourself is to set manageable goals. (你可以做一件事来帮助自己，那就是设定可管理的目标)”继续讲作者建议读者设立可管理的训练目标，C选项“现实一点，不要把自己逼得太紧。”切合语境，讲明了结合自身实际设立的训练目标的可控性。故选C项。 第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节完型填空（共15小题；每小题1.0分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白 处的最佳选项。 I was running the mile on cinders (渣土) for the first time at a local meet. During the first lap, while running in the pack with other runners, I received a spike (鞋钉) to my ___21___ shoe. ___22___, my shoe came loose, interrupting me and creating a dilemma. I could either use my toe muscles to ___23___ the shoe on my foot and maintain some level of protection from the ___24___ surface while losing efficiency, or I could lose the shoe entirely and ___25___ the cinders. I chose the ___26___ option. Kicking the loose shoe ___27___ the track, I made a move that defined my season: I took the lead. With only the left shoe, I knew I couldn’t stay in the pack for fear of ___28___ another spike that might do serious damage. I decided to ___29___ the strategic jogging of the masses and just run away. I won that race, and I still consider it to be my most satisfying victory ____30____ it is a perfect analogy (类比) to how I now ____31____ difficult situations in life. I believe that to be successful, I have to lose the shoe. In life, things don’t ever ____32____ exactly as planned - it’s just not how the universe ____33____. The setback must be addressed and responded to aggressively in a ____34____ that can create opportunities for achievement. It may mean taking a small ____35____ to ensure a greater victory. 21. A. wrong B. right C. clean D. sports 22. A. Immediately B. Surprisingly C. Gradually D. Fortunately 23. A. protect B. switch C. kick D. hold 24. A. rough B. soft C. smooth D. wet 25. A. settle B. fix C. brave D. avoid 26. A. former B. latter C. wiser D. easier 27. A. off B. on C. down D. in 28. A. catching B. anticipating C. preventing D. losing 29. A. take up B. take over C. give up D. give away 30. A. though B. because C. while D. if 31. A. address B. assess C. admire D. adjust 32. A. chance B. shine C. exist D. go 33. A. evolves B. begins C. expands D. works 34. A. moment B. manner C. case D. sense 35. A. step B. break C. loss D. bite 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一次跑步比赛中，钉鞋被扎破，作者思考后决定扔掉这只鞋，最后取得胜利，作者感悟到为了取得更大的胜利，我们需要承受一点小小的损失。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在第一圈，当我和其他跑步者一起跑步时，我的右脚鞋被鞋钉扎了。A. wrong错误的；B. right右边的；C. clean干净的；D. sports体育运动的。由下文“With only the left shoe”可知，只剩左脚鞋，说明作者的右脚鞋被鞋钉扎了。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的鞋子立刻松了，打断了我，给我创造困境。A. Immediately立即；B. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；C. Gradually渐渐地；D. Fortunately幸运地。由上文“I received a spike (鞋钉) to my ___1___ shoe”和下文“interrupting me and creating a dilemma”可知，鞋子被鞋钉扎了，打断了作者跑步的进程，说明鞋子松动是立即发生的，故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我要么用脚趾肌肉抓住我脚上的鞋子，在失去效率的同时免受粗糙表面的一定程度的伤害，要么我可以完全失去鞋子，勇敢地面对渣土。A. protect保护；B. switch转换；C. kick踹；D. hold抓住。由上文“I received a spike (鞋钉) to my ___1___ shoe”“ my shoe came loose”和下文“I could lose the shoe entirely”可知，鞋子被鞋钉扎松了，与“扔掉鞋子”相比，作者还可以选择用脚趾肌肉抓住脚上的鞋子。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我要么用脚趾肌肉抓住我脚上的鞋子，在失去效率的同时免受粗糙表面的一定程度的伤害，要么我可以完全失去鞋子，勇敢地面对渣土。A. rough粗糙的；B. soft柔软的；C. smooth平滑的；D. wet湿的。由上文“I was running the mile on cinders (渣土)”和常识可知，作者在渣土上跑步，渣土跑道是粗糙的。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我要么用脚趾肌肉抓住我脚上的鞋子，在失去效率的同时免受粗糙表面的一定程度的伤害，要么我可以完全失去鞋子，勇敢地面对渣土。A. settle解决；B. fix修理；C. brave勇敢面对；D. avoid避免。由上文“I could lose the shoe entirely”可知，脱掉被鞋钉扎松的鞋子意味着不怕伤害，勇敢面对渣土。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我选择了后者。A. former (两者中)前者的；B. latter (刚提及的两者中)后者的；C. wiser更明智的；D. easier更容易的。由上文的两个选择（用脚趾肌肉抓住脚上的鞋子或脱掉被鞋钉扎松的鞋子勇敢面对渣土）和下文“Kicking the loose shoe”可知，作者选择了后者。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：把松散的鞋子踢出赛道，我做出了一个定义我赛季的举动：我领先了。A. off从……离开；B. on在……上；C. down往下；D. in在……里面。由本处语境和下文“I believe that to be successful, I have to lose the shoe.”可知，作者为了成功把松散的鞋子踢出赛道。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于只有左脚的鞋子，我知道我不能留在队伍中，以免再被一根可能造成严重伤害的鞋钉击中。A. catching偶然撞见；B. anticipating期望；C. preventing阻止；D. losing失去。由上文“With only the left shoe”和下文“another spike that might do serious damage”可知，作者脚上只剩一只鞋，脱离队伍是为了再被一根可能造成严重伤害的鞋钉击中。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我决定放弃群众的战略慢跑，直接跑开。A. take up占据；B. take over接管；C. give up放弃；D. give away赠送。呼应上文“With only the left shoe, I knew I couldn’t stay in the pack for fear of ___8___ another spike that might do serious damage.”和下文“just run away”可知，作者脚上只剩一只鞋，为了再被一根可能造成严重伤害的鞋钉击中，选择脱离队伍跑开，说明作者决定放弃群众一起跑的战略。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我赢得了那场比赛，我仍然认为这是我最满意的胜利，因为这与我现在如何设法解决生活中的困难情况非常相似。A. though尽管；B. because因为；C. while与……同时；D. if假如。由本处语境可知，因果关系，作者认为这是最令人满意的胜利，因为它是如何应对生活中困难情况的完美类比。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我赢得了那场比赛，我仍然认为这是我最满意的胜利，因为这与我现在如何设法解决生活中的困难情况非常相似。A. address设法解决；B. assess评估；C. admire欣赏；D. adjust调整。呼应下文“The setback must be addressed”讲必须解决挫折可知，此处指设法解决生活中的困难情况。故选A项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在生活中，事情永远不会完全按照计划进行——这不是宇宙的运作方式。A. chance冒险；B. shine闪耀；C. exist存在；D. go（事情）进展，进行。由常识可知，生活中的事情从来不会完全按计划进行。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在生活中，事情永远不会完全按照计划进行——这不是宇宙的运作方式。A. evolves进化；B. begins开始；C. expands扩大；D. works运转。该句对上文“In life, things don’t ever ___12___ exactly as planned”进行解释，说明这不是宇宙的运作方式。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：必须以能够创造成就机会的方式有闯劲地设法解决和应对挫折。A. moment时刻；B. manner方式；C. case案例；D. sense感觉。由上文讲作者扔掉被扎破的鞋独自跑开赢得比赛和下文“that can create opportunities for achievement”可知，作者认为人要以能够创造成就机会的方式有闯劲地设法解决和应对挫折。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能意味着，为了取得更大的胜利，我们需要承受一点小小的损失。A. step步骤；B. break休息；C. loss损失；D. bite咬。由上文“I won that race”和“I believe that to be successful, I have to lose the shoe.”可知，作者相信要想成功，就必须丢掉鞋子，最后作者赢得比赛，可得出作者认为为了取得更大的胜利，我们需要承受一点小小的损失。故选C项。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever forgotten to lock the door of your house? Or, have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer? These kinds of things happen to us all the time, ___36___ (waste) resources, and can sometimes lead to problems. However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be ___37___ (live) in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more ___38___ (comfort) environment to live in. Today, we have to use switches for our lights, knobs for our appliances, and remote controls for our TVs and air conditioners. In the future, we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home. The future home will use ___39___ (integrate) sensors to tell when you leave home each morning, and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by ___40___ (it). You will no longer have to think about turning switches on and off yourself. Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. Your lights will come on ___41___ instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already ___42___ (prepare) for you. All controls will respond to voice commands, so if you want to change your routine, you just say aloud ___43___ you want and the home system will obey. This smart technology is not a ___44___ (fantastic). Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes. In this sense, the home of tomorrow is already the home of today. Nevertheless, it will take some years ____45____ most new homes begin to use this new technology. 【答案】36. waste 37. living 38. comfortable 39. integrated 40. itself 41. the 42. prepared 43. what 44. fantasy 45. before 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章畅想未来我们的智能家居将给我们带来的方便和好处。 【36题详解】 考查插入成分。句意：这类事情经常发生在我们身上，浪费资源，有时还会导致问题。waste resources (浪费资源)为插入成分，插入是在“主语+谓语”的句子结构中加入词、短语或分句，通常用逗号、括号、破折号、叹号等标点符号将其和句子其他部分分隔开来，借此表达“说话者的判断或情绪”、“注解的信息”和“提供额外信息”等。故填waste。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：然而，在不久的将来，我们将生活在智能家居中，当我们外出时，智能家居会为我们锁门，当我们忘记时，记得关掉电视。结合句意可知表示“我们将生活在智能家居中”用将来进行时表示在将来某一时间内正在进行的动作，结合空格前的will be，可知填入现在分词living。故填living。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些智能家居将确保我们的安全，为我们节省能源，并提供更舒适的居住环境。结合more可知，用形容词比较级more comfortable作定语，修饰名词environment。故填comfortable。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：未来的家将使用集成传感器来告诉你每天早上什么时候离开家，然后自己进入节能模式。形容词integrated (集成的)作定语修饰名词sensors。故填integrated。 【40题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：你将不再需要考虑自己打开和关闭开关。固定短语by oneself (独自)，用反身代词itself。故填itself。 【41题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：你一进门，伴随着你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目，你的灯就会亮起来，你会发现你的晚餐已经为你准备好了。the instant可以用作连词，表示“一……就”，引导时间状语从句。故填the。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：你一进门，伴随着你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目，你的灯就会亮起来，你会发现你的晚餐已经为你准备好了。形容词prepared，意为“准备好了的”作宾语补足语。故填prepared。 【43题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：所有的控制都会响应语音命令，所以你只要说出你想要的，家庭系统就会服从。该空引导宾语从句，从句中缺乏宾语，意为“……的东西”，用连接代词what。故填what。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：这项智能技术不是幻想。结合不定冠词a，单数名词fantasy (幻想)作表语。故填fantasy。 【45题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：然而，大多数新房开始使用这项新技术还需要几年时间。固定句型It will take/takes some time before...，意为“在……之前还需一段时间”。故填before。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 书面表达（满分15分） 46. 在本学期“学创活动”中，高二英语社团组织了题为“Should we fight new technology?”的征文大赛，请你投稿。主要内容包括： 1. New technology的优缺点； 2. 发表你自己的观点。 注意：写作字数80左右。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】In today’s world, new technology is everywhere. New technology has greatly improved our lives by making tasks easier and more efficient. For example, smartphones help us communicate and get information quickly. It has revolutionized communication, healthcare, and education. However, there is no doubt that it also brings challenges such as job displacement and privacy concerns. In my opinion, we should embrace new technology but with caution. We need to adapt to changes and ensure that ethical standards are maintained to maximize benefits while minimizing drawbacks. In conclusion, we should not fight new technology. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Should we fight new technology?”为题参加高二英语社团组织的征文大赛，进行投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 例如：for example → for instance 帮助某人做某事：help sb. do sth. → assist sb. to do sth. 应该：should → be supposed to 确保：ensure → make sure 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In conclusion, we should not fight new technology. 拓展句：In conclusion, I hold the belief that we should not fight new technology. 【点睛】【高分句型1】However, there is no doubt that it also brings challenges such as job displacement and privacy concerns. (运用了that引导的同位语从句) 【高分句型2】We need to adapt to changes and ensure that ethical standards are maintained to maximize benefits while minimizing drawbacks. (运用了that引导的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “Vacation, finally!” exclaimed Meg, coming home to find Jo already lying on the sofa. “What will you do on your vacation?” asked Amy. “Stay in bed late, and do nothing,” replied Meg. “Sit in the old apple tree and read!” said Jo “Beth, let’s not do any lessons for a while, but play all the time and rest, like Meg and Jo,” begged Amy. “I will, if Mother. doesn’t mind. I want to learn some new songs,” replied Beth. “May we all try what we want to do, Mother?” asked Meg. “You may try your experiment for a week and see how you like it,” Mrs March said with a smile. “It will be wonderful, I’m sure,” said Meg. “Fun forever, and no work!” exclaimed Jo. The next morning Meg got up at ten o’ clock and had breakfast alone. Jo spent the morning with a friend and the afternoon reading in the apple tree. Beth pulled all her toys out of her closet but then left them to play some music. Amy put on her best dress and went outside to draw, hoping someone would notice the beautiful young artist. No one appeared, so she went for a walk, got caught in the rain, and came home dripping. In the evening, they all assured their mother the experiment was going well. She smiled, said nothing, and did her work, keeping their home pleasant and running smoothly. The days became longer and longer, and it affected all four girls. Meg found time hanging heavily and started cutting and spoiling her clothes, trying to make them more fashionable. Jo read till her eyes hurt and she was sick of books. Beth sometimes suddenly shook her doll and shouted at it. Amy was quite bored, for she didn’t like dolls or reading, and she couldn’t draw all the time. But no one would admit that they were tired of the experiment. On Saturday morning, the girls got up to find no breakfast in the dining room and no mother to be seen. Meg ran upstairs and soon came back, looking relieved but a little ashamed. “Mother isn’t sick, only very tired. She says she is going to rest today and let us do the best we can.” Meg said. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。 “Mother says it has been a hard week or her, so we must take care of ourselves.” ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In the evening, the girls sighed: “Not a bit like home without Mother”. At this time, Mother came in. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】“Mother says it has been a hard week or her, so we must take care of ourselves.” Beth and Amy set the table, while Jo and Meg got breakfast ingredients. Fearing to ask advice, Jo and Meg did their best alone, and discovered that cooking, indeed, was a rather difficult task. They boiled the vegetables for too long, and was upset to see they were too soft. The bread burned black and the meat was tough. After the ruined breakfast was finished, they walked out with the dessert proudly, and watched as each one tasted the creation. Unfortunately, none of them are satisfied with breakfast. In the evening, the girls sighed: “Not a bit like home without Mother”. At this time, Mother came in. “If you learn a bit of cooking, Jo and Meg. That is quite useful” said Mrs. March. She added that the comfort of home depends on each doing her duties. The girl finally understood that teaching. “Don’t you feel that it is more pleasant to help one another to make home comfortable and lovely to us all?” “We do, Mother, we do!” cried the girls. “Then, you must take up your duties again tomorrow. I know they sometimes seem difficult, but they become easier with time.” 【解析】 【导语】本篇读后续写以人物为线索展开，讲述了马奇太太有四个女儿，暑假来了，女孩们想放松一下，做自己喜欢的事情，不做任何家务，时间一天天过去，她们渐渐厌倦了这种生活，当她们周六早上起床时，发现没有早餐，母亲说自己有点累想休息一下，于是女孩们决定自己照顾好自己。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“‘妈妈说她这一周过得很辛苦，所以我们必须照顾好自己。’”可知，第一段可描写女孩们分工准备早餐，做早餐的过程以及结果。 ②由第二段首句内容“傍晚，女孩们叹了口气：‘没有妈妈，一点也不像家’。这时，妈妈走了进来。”可知，第二段可描写通过这件事，马奇太太是如何教育女孩们的及女孩们的感悟。 2.续写线索：准备早餐——吃早餐——女孩们对早餐并不满意——感叹没有妈妈不像家——马奇太太教育女儿——女孩们明白道理 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①尽力而为：do one’s best/do everything in one’s power ②完成：finish/complete ③互相帮助：help one another/help each other 情绪类 ①沮丧的：upset/depressed ②骄傲地：proudly/with pride 【点睛】[高分句型1]. Fearing to ask advice, Jo and Meg did their best alone, and discovered that cooking, indeed, was a rather difficult task. (现在分词Fearing作状语和that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型2]. She added that the comfort of home depends on each doing her duties. (that引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$