考点 32 阅读理解之议论文（精讲课件）-备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习重难点冲冲冲（全国通用）

仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 考点32 阅读理解之议论文 备战2025年中考英语新课标（核心素养）一轮复习重难点冲冲冲（全国通用） 文章特点 壹 满分策略 贰 解题技巧 叁 典例分析 肆 目录 2 仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 文章特点 第一部分 壹 议论文是对事物提供知识，解释与分析，表明观点的文章。它要求根据文字、图画、图表、数据提供的信息进行描述、分析、议论。做到言之有理、言之有据。通过语言的表达及必要的修辞手段将信息进行传达。一般说来议论文由论点、论据、论证三部分构成。 仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 满分策略 第二部分 贰 阅读议论文体裁的文章时应首先抓住下面的重要信息： A. 论点 B. 论据 C. 议论的方法（例举；比较或对比） （1）例举法：通常用事例来说明主题 （2）比较/对比法：比较通常是指对人或事物之间的相同点进行分析；对比通常是侧重分析两者之间的不同点，利与弊。 D. 议论的结构（提出问题、分析问题、解决问题） E. 结论 仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 解题技巧 第三部分 叄 1.通读全文，把握主旨：在开始答题前，先快速浏览全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。特别注意文章的开头、结尾以及每段的首句，这些通常能提供关键的主旨信息。 2.明确论点和论据：议论文通常有明确的论点，以及支持论点的论据。要分清哪些是作者的观点，哪些是用来支持观点的例子、数据等论据。 3.关注关键词和短语：注意文章中出现的转折词（如 but、however 等）、总结词（如 in conclusion、therefore 等）以及表达观点态度的词（如 agree、disagree 等），这些词往往能提示重要的逻辑关系和作者的立场。 4.理解作者的态度：判断作者是支持、反对还是中立的态度，这有助于回答与作者观点相关的问题。 5.仔细审题：认真阅读问题，明确题目要求，是细节理解、主旨概括还是推理判断等。 6.回文定位：根据题目中的关键词，回到文章中找到相关的段落和句子，仔细分析。 7.排除干扰项：对于选择题，要逐个分析选项，排除那些与文章内容不符、过于绝对、以偏概全或无中生有的选项。 8.逻辑推理：对于一些需要推理的问题，要基于文章提供的信息，进行合理的逻辑推理，但不要过度猜测。 9.复查答案：完成答题后，如有时间，再次检查答案，确保答案的准确性和逻辑性。 仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 典例分析 第四部分 肆 （2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）As language learners, it’s important to use dictionaries. Paper dictionaries are often great choices for us. They lead us to think in a more exact way. However, with the rapid development of the Internet, many websites and apps offer us information about the language we are learning, so some language learners like online dictionaries better. Here is what some students think of the two kinds of dictionaries. Lin Tao, 14 I like to look up something in a paper dictionary better. Their explanations are so clear that I can understand them better. I don’t think some online dictionaries are believable. There are many incorrect usages which can make us confused. Wang Lan, 15 If we are not good at memorizing English words, we can look up their meanings online very soon. It helps us finish reading the English articles more smoothly. If we are good language learners, we can always learn more in a shorter time with an online dictionary. It saves much time. Meng Hao, 14 My paper dictionary is a great friend for me. Whenever I don’t know the meaning of a new word, I can learn it well by understanding the notes and the example sentences in the paper dictionary. Tian Xiao, 13 I don’t like carrying a heavy dictionary wherever I go. It’s really convenient to learn a language with the help of an online dictionary. We don’t need to spend much time looking up new words. Using an online dictionary makes a more effective learner. If you want to share your opinions, please e-mail us at 18900053407youth daily@163.com. And your opinions will be carried on tomorrow’s newspaper. 1．Why does Lin Tao like paper dictionaries better? A．There are many incorrect usages. B．Their explanations are clear. C．It’s a great friend for him. D．He can understand the notes. 2．What are the advantages of the online dictionaries according to Tian Xiao? A．Fast and clear. B．Correct and clear. C．Clear and believable. D．Convenient and effective. 3．Who has the same idea among them? A．Wang Lan and Tian Xiao. B．Wang Lan and Meng Hao. C．Lin Tao and Wang Lan. D．Meng Hao and Tian Xiao. 4．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Advantages of online dictionaries. B．The development of the dictionaries. C．Different ideas about language learning. D．Different ideas about paper and online dictionaries. 5．Where is the text probably from? A．Magazine. B．Newspaper. C．Textbook. D．Storybook. 【答案】1．B    2．D    3．A    4．D    5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍一些学生对于纸质词典和在线词典的看法。 1．细节理解题。根据“I like to look up something in a paper dictionary better. Their explanations are so clear that I can understand them better.”可知，林涛更喜欢纸质词典是因为解释很清楚，能更好地理解。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“It’s really convenient to learn a language with the help of an online dictionary. We don’t need to spend much time looking up new words. Using an online dictionary makes a more effective learner.”可知，田晓认为在线词典很方便、更有效。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第二栏“If we are good language learners, we can always learn more in a shorter time with an online dictionary.”和第四栏“It’s really convenient to learn a language with the help of an online dictionary. We don’t need to spend much time looking up new words. Using an online dictionary makes a more effective learner.”可知，王兰和田晓的观点一致，故选A。 4．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍一些学生对于纸质词典和在线词典的看法，故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据最后一段“And your opinions will be carried on tomorrow’s newspaper.”可知，你的观点会出现在明天的报纸上。故选B。 （2024·四川眉山·中考真题）Which is more important in your mind, looking fashionable or feeling comfortable? You may find many people choose style over comfort and some even go to extremes (极端) to follow fashion. But we should remember: being fashionable isn’t everything. It’s more important to be healthy. Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets that are not good for their health. They might not eat meals or eat too little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way to live? Also, many girls wear shoes with very high heels. They might think high heels make them look taller. But these shoes can actually hurt their feet and make it hard to walk comfortably, and they can increase the risks of falls. Some even wear tight clothes that influence blood circulation (循环), making it hard to breathe. Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health? Besides, some boys and girls spend a lot of time and money changing their hair color. The material they use is usually harmful to their health. To make their hair straight or curly, they also use tools that are hot enough to burn their hair. But using these tools too often or at very high temperatures can make the hair dry or even burnt. Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money? So, let’s think again what’s really important. Is it fashion or is it our well-being? Clothes or hairstyles don’t tell us anything about a person’s character. Instead of spending a lot of time choosing clothes, we could use that time to do fun things with friends. And instead of following extreme diets, let’s eat properly and exercise regularly. Remember, the value of you is not decided by your appearance, but by who you are as a person. 6．Why do some people go on extreme diets according to the passage? A．Because the diets are healthy. B．Because they just want to look good. C．Because they want to save time. D．Because they want to save money. 7．What is the writer’s purpose of using a question in each paragraph? A．To ask for help from readers. B．To tell how to spend time and money. C．To introduce the latest fashion. D．To lead readers to think about the topic. 8．What does the underlined word “well-being” mean in the last paragraph? A．Growth. B．Health. C．Warmth. D．Wealth. 9．Which of the following is the structure of the passage? （①=Paragraph 1;②=Paragraph2……） A． B． C． D． 【答案】6．B    7．D    8．B    9．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了当今人们为了追求时尚过一种不健康的生活方式，个人的价值不是由你的外表决定的，而是由个人决定的，健康的生活才是最重要的。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some people believe that they need to be a certain size to look good. So, they start extreme diets that are not good for their health.”可知，有些人为了看起来好看，开始了极端的饮食。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据第一段“It’s more important to be healthy.”以及每一段的问题可知，作者提出这些问题是为了引导读者思考“健康更重要”这个主题。故选D。 8．词句猜测题。根据第二段“Is it a healthy way to live?”、第三段“Should we put fashion over comfort and physical health?”及第四段“Is it really worth it to risk our health, spending so much time and money?”可知，作者提出的每个观点都是围绕“健康”和“时尚”哪一个更重要，所以well-being指的是“健康”。故选B。 9．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引出文章主题：时尚不是一切，健康更重要；文章第二、三、四段介绍了当下一些年轻人为了追求时尚而忽视健康的反面案例；文章最后一段总结全文，再次强调健康以及个人价值的重要性。故文章的正确结构是C选项的结构。故选C。 仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而浸多也著于竹帛谓之仓颉之初作书盖依类象形故谓之文其形声相益即谓之字文者物象之本字者言孳乳而 谢君一赏 $$