精品解析：安徽省合肥市第一中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

合肥一中2024~2025学年度高二年级上学期期中联考 英语试题 （考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答题前，务必在答题卡和答题卷规定的地方填写自己的姓名、准考证号和座位号后两位。 2. 答题时，每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3. 答题时，必须使用 0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卷上书写，要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。作图题可先用铅笔在答题卷规定的位置绘出，确认后再用 0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。 4. 考试结束，务必将答题卡和答题卷一并上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1. What’s probably the woman’s job? A. A hotel receptionist. B. A librarian. C. A customs officer. 2. Why does the woman make the call? A. To make an application. B. To give information. C. To answer a question. 3. How does, Linda feel? A Confused. B. Surprised. C. Shocked. 4. What makes Jim hurry? A. Attending a lecture. B. Doing business. C. Meeting assistants. 5. Which does the man prefer? A. Beef stew. B. Fried eggs. C. Fish soup. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman dislike? A. Playing football. B. Watching football. C. Going skating. 7. How often does the man skate? A. Never. B. Occasionally. C. Regularly. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. At home. 9. What seems to be the problem for the woman? A She was overcharged. B. She got the wrong food. C. She lost the bill. 10. How is the man’s service? A. Disappointing. B. Annoying. C. Satisfying. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 12. How is the man’s way of describing the math problem? A. Amusing. B. Simple. C. Complicated. 13. What does Mr. Williams teach? A. Maths. B. History. C. English. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What’s the woman doing? A. Hosting a program. B. Organizing a meeting. C. Treating a guest. 15. What makes the man’s tea different? A. Being blended. B. Being pure. C. Being processed. 16. Why does the company buy their tea directly from the growers? A. To reduce the price. B. To guide the growers. C. To track the growing process. 17. What will the man talk about in the end? A. The source of their tea. B. The kinas of their tea. C. The characteristics of their tea. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. A tradition. B. A performance. C. China town. 19. Who will make speeches in the gathering? A. Railroad workers. B. Entertainers. C. Government officials 20. What will people do after the afternoon performance? A. Buy clothes. B. Have dinner. C. Visit the museum. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Impressive exhibitions in the US worth traveling for in 2024 Here are several museum exhibitions across the USA that are worth traveling for in 2024. 1. Yayoi Kusama: Infinite Love SFMOMA, San Francisco On view: now through September 7 For six decades now, Japanese polymath Yayoi Kusama has been exploring the concept of the “infinity room.” These meditations on perception, the universe and existence itself combine bold colors, three-dimensional forms and mirror-generated visual illusions to transport viewers to an inclusive aesthetic world. In the exhibition Yayoi Kusama: Infinite Love, they have landed in Northern California for the first time. Featured works including the brand-new Dreaming of Earth’s Sphericity, I Would Offer My Love (2023) and the famous LOVE IS CALLING (2013) will be on display at SFMOMA through next fall. Be sure to reserve advance tickets the minute they go on sale. 2. Matisse and the Sea St Louis Art Museum, St Louis On view: February 17-May 122024 Henri Matisse lived for decades near the Mediterranean, and a number of blues carry through his entire oeuvre (全部作品), largely inspired by the reflection of light of the water. With the artist’s Bathers with Turtle (1907–8) as a museum highlight, the exhibition travels across both Matisse’s works and the world itself, with works by this 20th-century master in various media, depicting the sea as a subject and as a theme. 3. Georgia O’ Keeffe: “My New Yorks” Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago On view: June 2-September 24,2024 This show at the Art Institute of Chicago will explore how Georgia O’ Keeffe - an artist so closely associated with the Southwest and nature - spent her formative years in the USA’s biggest city. Before she turned her eye to flowers and desert sunsets, Georgia O’ Keeffe captured the distinctive perspectives of New York City, looking up at skyscrapers from street level and down from her 30th-floor apartment. 4. Whitney Biennial 2024: Even Better Than the Real Thing Whitney Museum of American Art, New York City On view: starting March 20,2024 Some leave angry. Others emerge inspired. Yet however you react, it’s hard to forget any Whitney Biennial. Multimedia pieces and political themes are never hard to detect. Organized by Chrissi e Iles and Meg Onli, the lineup at this year’s - Biennial has yet to be announced. But whoever the participants are, their work is sure to make a statement. 1. What can we learn from the artist Yayoi Kusama and his works? A. His work Infinite Love has been on display for decades. B. His works feature incorporating varied colors boldly into the works. C. Dreaming of Earth’s Sphericity was inspired by the light of water. D. Four-dimensional forms will transport viewers to the universe. 2. Who is most likely to be the target audience for the last exhibition? A. people concerned with current political affairs. B. people having a passion for economy. C. people fond of pursuing old fashion. D. people enthusiastic about different reactions. 3. What do the exhibition 2 and 3 have in common? A. Both artists prefer using city landscape in the works. B. Both exhibitions need to be reserved in advance. C. Both artists’ works focus on themes concerning surroundings. D. Both artists’ works embody political themes. B My husband and I fell in love when we would sit and talk in the living room of my old apartment in front of the windows drinking cups of black coffee, sometimes until sunrise. I was so extremely fortunate to have finally found that one special person. However, it was soon after our honeymoon that my husband climbed into the tomb called “the office” and buried himself in piles of paperwork and clients, and I just kept silent for fear of turning into a complaining wife. It seemed as if overnight an invisible wall had been put up between us. He just lay beside snoring like a hibernating bear unaware of my winter. When our daughter was born, my life was centred on her and I no longer seemed to care that my husband was getting busier and spending less time at home. Somewhere between his work timetable and our home and young daughter, we were losing contact with each other. That invisible wall was now being hardened by the mortar (砂浆) of indifference. Then tragedy struck our lives, when my husband’s younger brother was killed in 2001, together with thousands of other innocent people. He was identified only by the engraving (雕刻) on the inside of his wedding ring. Attending our brother’s memorial service was an eye-opening experience for both of us. For the first time, we saw our own marriage was almost like my in-laws. At the tragic death of the youngest son they could not reach out to comfort one another. It seemed as if somewhere between the oldest son’s first tooth and the youngest son’s graduation they had lost each other. Later one night, my husband told of his fear of dying and I spoke of trying to find myself in the writings of my journal. It seemed as if each of us had been hiding our soul-searching from the other. We are slowly working toward building a bridge - not a wall, so that when we reach out to each other, we do not find a barrier we cannot pass through or retreat from the stranger on the other side. 4. what can we learn about the author’s husband From the second paragraph? A. He was fully involved in his work. B. He didn’t show any affection for her. C. He preferred his work to his family D. He got tired of his nagging wife 5. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 mean? A. The author’s husband’s brothers. B. The author’s husband’s brothers-in-law. C. The author’s husband’s parents. D. The author’s husband’s sisters-in-law. 6. Which of the following best describe the author? A. Dependent and critical. B. Sensitive and sensible. C. Sympathetic and emotional. D. Ambitious and understanding. 7. What can we infer from the passage about the couple? A. Attending the memorial service worsened their relationship. B. Their brother’s death set off their reflection on marriage. C. Communication was a most effective means to break the barrier. D. The fear of dying prevented the husband from reaching out. C Nobel science prizes are awarded in three areas: physics, chemistry and physiology or medicine. But occasionally some noteworthy discovery comes along that does not really fit into any of them. Similar flexibility, though in an area with far more profound consequences than ethology (行为学), has been demonstrated with regard to this year’s physics prize. Showing a sense of timeliness not always apparent in its deliberations, Sweden’s Royal Academy of Science has stretched the definition of physics to include computer science, and given its recognition to two of the pioneers of the artificial-intelligence (AI) revolution. John Hopfield of Princeton University and Geoffrey Hinton of the University of Toronto both did their crucial work in the early 1980s, at a time when computer hardware was unable to take full advantage of it. Dr Hopfield was responsible for what has become known as the Hopfield network - a type of artificial neural network that behaves like a physical structure called a spin glass, which gave the academy a fa int reason to call the field "physics". Dr Hinton’s contribution was to use an algorithm (算法) known to train neural networks. Artificial neural networks are computer programs based loosely on the way in which real; biological networks of nerve cells are believed to work. In particular, the strengths of the connections between "nodes" (结点) in such networks are plastic. Hopfield networks, in which each node is connected to every other except itself, are particularly good at learning to extract patterns from sparse (稀疏的) or noisy data. Dr Hinton’s algorithm enhances neural networks’ learning ability by letting them work, in effect, in three dimensions. Hopfield networks and their types are, in essence, two-dimensional. Though they actually exist only as simulations in software, they can be thought of as a structure of physical layers of nodes. Dr Hinton adjusted Dr Hopfield’s networks using a branch of maths called statistical mechanics to create what are known as Boltzmann machines. Boltzmann machines can be used to create systems that learn in an unsupervised manner, spotting patterns in data without having to be explicitly taught. It is, then, the activities of these two researchers which have made machine learning really sing. AI models can now not only learn, but create. Such tools have thus gone from being able to perform highly specific tasks, such as recognizing cancerous cells in pictures of tissue samples or streamlining particle-physics data, to anything from writing essays for lazy undergraduates to running robots. 8. Why does the writer mention the three areas of Nobel science prizes? A. To inform readers of the specific information. B. To introduce the flexibility of this years’ Nobel physics prize. C. To share with readers the importance of the Nobel prizes. D. To highlight the critical role physics plays in the world. 9. What can be the evidence that the two researcher’s activities can be called “physics”? A. The Hopfield Networks are two-dimensional. B. The nodes in the Hopfield Network connect each other. C. The Hopfield Network functions in a similar way to a spin glass. D. The Hopfield Network can extract patterns using a little data. 10. How did Dr Hinton strengthen neural networks’ learning ability? A. He used special physical principles. B. He changed the function of the networks. C. He thought of a structure suitable for the networks. D. He made use of maths to transform their ways of working 11. What can be the main idea of the passage? A. AI neural networks can be widely used. B. Two researchers will be awarded the Nobel Physics Prize. C. AI researchers have received the Nobel Prize for Physics. D. Physiology and medicine researchers are common in the Nobel Prize winners. D The term parasocial interaction (虚拟社交) was introduced in the 1950s by the social scientists Donald Horton and R. Richard Wohl. It was the early days of home television, and they were seeing people form a close connection with actors who were appearing virtually in their home. Today, the definition is much broader. After all, actors, singers, comedians, athletes, and countless other celebrities are available to us in more ways than ever before. Forming parasocial bonds has never been easier. Psychologists document cases of parasocial relationships that can go much deeper, with severe consequences. Scholars note parasocial bonds range from casual talk about stars to intense emotions, to uncontrollable behavior and fantasies. At the deepest level, the parasocial relationship can be dangerous, such as when a fan loses touch with reality and secretly follows a star. It can also lead to confusion about one’s own identity, particularly in adolescents who are still forming their sense of self, as they may model themselves on the media figures with whom they have parasocial relationships. In 2021, two psychologists from York University, in Canada, found that forming parasocial bonds was strongly related to avoidant attachment. That is, people who tended to push others away in their day-to-day lives were more likely to relate to fictional characters. You can easily see how parasocial relationships could be a replacement when one finds real-life attachment difficult. This could start a feedback cycle, in which avoiding close relationships stimulates parasocial bonding, which in turn leads to reduced interactions with real-life family and friends as the fans spends their time and energy on someone who doesn’t know they exist. My purpose here is not to say that parasocial interactions are always bad for you, or even abnormal. Rather, it is to suggest that heavy parasocial bonding might be a signal that you are crowding out the real people who can give you the love you truly need. One way to address this is to get some more distance from your fictional friends, thus pausing the feedback cycle and giving yourself more space to pursue in-person connection. 12. How has parasocial interaction changed according to Paragraph 1? A. It has become more accessible. B. It has affected more celebrities. C. It has lost much of its significance. D. It has turned into a two-way process. 13. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Reasons behind celebrity following. B. Origins of dangerous relationships. C. Different types of parasocial relationships. D. Potential harm of parasocial relationships. 14. Which of the following can lead to parasocial relationships? A. Socializing with strangers. B. Having strong family support. C. Participating in group activities. D. Struggling with relationships in reality. 15. What might the author suggest for those with heavy parasocial relationships? A. Meeting fictional friends in real life. B. Seeking guidance from professionals. C. Hanging out more with real friends. D. Creating more space for being alone. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We are overwhelmed by an unprecedented volume of information. ____16____ if we don’t actively engage with it. In order to stay focused and retain more information it’s important to be highly engaged with the content. ____17____ It mostly relies on critical thinking. Active reading transforms passive absorption into an interactive, analytical process. There are many active reading strategies, but here are some of the most immediately useful. Understand the author’s purpose. ____18____ Take a few minutes to read the introduction or any other material available to become aware of the reason and intent of writing. Adjust your reading rate. Instead of using a constant rate, adapt yourself to the content you’re reading. ____19____, and speeding up when it’s information you are already familiar with. Annotate the content. Taking notes is a great way to stay engaged with the content. Use the margins to write ideas that pop into your mind when reading something. Paraphrase. Whenever a new concept seems a bit more complex to grasp, stop reading and try to paraphrase it using your own words. This will force you to assess your level of understanding. Organize the information visually. Map the content into a graphic to better visualize it and make it your own. You can craft a simple mind map, or be creative with collages and other forms of visual thinking. Evaluate the content. Every so often, take a step back and think critically about what you’re reading. ____20____ Consult a reference. Whenever you’ re in doubt, use a dictionary or another external reference to make sure you understand a new concept or an unfamiliar word’s meaning and have all the necessary background information. Summarize the ideas. Once you’ re done reading a book, sit down and write your own summary. Get bonus points if you publish it online to learn in public and get feedback and additional perspectives from other readers. Active reading will help you make the most of the time you spend reading books and blog posts by ensuring you retain more of the relevant content and can apply it in your day-to-day life and work. A. This means slowing down to comprehend better new or more complex information. B. Yet, research suggests that we forget up to 70% of new information within 24 hours. C. It matters for you to assess what you read. D. Active reading basically means reading something with the determination to understand, evaluate, and remember relevant aspects of what you read. E. Is it well structured are there gaps in the argument, does the author sound biased? F. Is the goal of the author to inform, entertain, or advertise their product or services? G. Our life is packed with varied information. 第三部分 英语运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Michael Surrell and his wife had just parked the car when they got a call from their daughter, “The house next door is on fire!” He immediately went to ____21____ and saw an old woman cried. “The baby is inside!” “The baby” was 8-year-old Tiara Roberts, the woman’s ____22____. Though the fire department had been called, Surrell ____23____ rushed into the burning house. The thick ____24____ caused him to stumble blindly around and made it impossible to ____25____. After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he moved outside to ____26____ his breath. “Where is Tiara?” he asked ____27____. “The second floor,” her grandma shouted back. Taking a deep breath, Surrell went in a second time. Because the house had a ____28____ layout to his, he found the stairs ____29____ and made it to the second floor. But the darkness was overwhelming. All he could feel was the crackling and popping of burning wood. Then a soft but _____30_____ moan emerged. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any _____31_____ of the little girl. Finally, he _____32_____ something. He scooped Tiara into his arms, _____33_____ through the smoke. Fortunately, Surrell managed to help Tiara out; she was _____34_____ from the hospital after a few days. However, the fire worsened Surrell’s pulmonary (肺的) condition, which he suffered before, and he feels the effects even two years later. “It’s a small _____35_____ to pay,” he says. “I would do it again without a second thought.” 21. A. stimulate B. witness C. investigate D. innovate 22. A. niece B. granddaughter C. cousin D. daughter 23. A. consciously B. passionately C. instantly D. occasionally 24. A. mist B. smoke C. dust D. smog 25. A. escape B. distinguish C. see D. breathe 26. A. hold B. save C. waste D. catch 27. A. randomly B. cautiously C. nervously D. desperately 28. A. opposite B. similar C. different D. striking 29. A. mysteriously B. thrillingly C. threateningly D. effortlessly 30. A. distinct B. loud C. massive D. sharp 31. A. sense B. symbol C. sound D. sign 32. A. touched B. found C. explored D. got 33. A. running B. breaking C. struggling D. going 34. A. rescued B. composed C. suspended D. released 35. A. fee B. bill C. check D. price 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Around 10,000 years ago, as people in present-day West Asia began to domesticate (培育) wheat and barley, a similar development took place in China, ____36____ people began to cultivate rice. This marked the emergence of rice agriculture, which ____37____ (have) a profound influence on people’s lives in various parts of the world ever since. For years, Shangshan Culture, ____38____ Neolithic culture from 11,000 to 8,500 years ago in the Jinqu Basin in the middle and western part of East China’s Zhejiang province, has been widely recognized as a source of rice agriculture ____39____ many related relics found in its sites. A new discovery may add insights into the Shangshan people’s rice domestication, ____40____ (announce) by the National Cultural Heritage Administration in Beijing on Sept 13. The Huangchaodun Site, ____41____ (date) back 9,300 to 8,000 years in Quzhou, Zhejiang, unveiled remnants(残迹) of settlements surrounded by a moat (护城河). More importantly, an area to the east of the settlements, covering 15,000 square meters, is ____42____(possible) the earliest rice field ever discovered with a dense distribution of rice phytoliths (植物岩), or ____43____(remain) of rice. Zhou Dongya, a member of the archaeological team, told Zhejiang Daily, “We generally believe ____44____ is hard for a rice field to be preserved for several thousand years. Only under very special conditions, could the field have continued to be utilized by people of later generations. We still need further studies ____45____ (confirm) if it was really a rice field.” 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国好友Tom来信说，他们的学校将举办外国手工艺品展。他负责中国板块想请你推荐一些中国的特色手工艺品。请你回信，内容包括： 1.你的推荐；2.说明理由 注意：词数80左右； __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 The event that stands out in Tom’s memory happened one morning when Tom was only ten years old.He was at home with his elder sister Jane.Tom was doing his homework when he heard raised voices.At first he thought nothing of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below their flat often became loud，but he soon realized this time it was different. “Quick! Quick! Remove the motorcycles from the shop.” someone shouted.Then a thick burning smell filled the air.When Tom opened the front door of their flat to investigate，a thick cloud of smoke greeted him.The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying. Jane，who had been playing the violin in her room，hurried to the living room.They rushed out of the door and along the corridor (走廊) through the smoke. They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Jane suddenly stopped in her track.She turned around and headed back the way they came.Tom had no idea what she was doing，but he followed her. Jane had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s who lived next door to them，who they called Makcik.Jane began banging on Makcik’s door，but got no answer.As the smoke thickened around them，Tom could see many of their neighbors—some still in their pajamas (睡衣)—running for safety.The thought of fear crossed his mind. “She would have run for safety like everyone else!” Tom cried.However，Jane refused to give up.“I know Makcik’s still inside.” She said she was familiar with Makcik’s daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping.She pounded against the door.“Go downstairs.Go now! Go!” Paragraph 1： Tom noticed the flame (火焰) was reaching up. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 合肥一中2024~2025学年度高二年级上学期期中联考 英语试题 （考试时间：120分钟 满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答题前，务必在答题卡和答题卷规定的地方填写自己的姓名、准考证号和座位号后两位。 2. 答题时，每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。 3. 答题时，必须使用 0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卷上书写，要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。作图题可先用铅笔在答题卷规定的位置绘出，确认后再用 0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔描清楚。必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。 4. 考试结束，务必将答题卡和答题卷一并上交。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1. What’s probably the woman’s job? A. A hotel receptionist. B. A librarian. C. A customs officer. 2. Why does the woman make the call? A. To make an application. B. To give information. C. To answer a question. 3. How does, Linda feel? A. Confused. B. Surprised. C. Shocked. 4. What makes Jim hurry? A. Attending a lecture. B. Doing business. C. Meeting assistants. 5. Which does the man prefer? A. Beef stew. B. Fried eggs. C. Fish soup. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman dislike? A. Playing football. B. Watching football. C. Going skating. 7. How often does the man skate? A. Never. B. Occasionally. C. Regularly. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In a hotel. C. At home. 9. What seems to be the problem for the woman? A. She was overcharged. B. She got the wrong food. C. She lost the bill. 10. How is the man’s service? A. Disappointing. B. Annoying. C. Satisfying. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 12. How is the man’s way of describing the math problem? A. Amusing. B. Simple. C. Complicated. 13. What does Mr. Williams teach? A. Maths. B. History. C. English. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What’s the woman doing? A. Hosting a program. B. Organizing a meeting. C. Treating a guest. 15. What makes the man’s tea different? A. Being blended. B. Being pure. C. Being processed. 16. Why does the company buy their tea directly from the growers? A. To reduce the price. B. To guide the growers. C. To track the growing process. 17. What will the man talk about in the end? A. The source of their tea. B. The kinas of their tea. C. The characteristics of their tea. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. A tradition. B. A performance. C. China town. 19. Who will make speeches in the gathering? A. Railroad workers. B. Entertainers. C. Government officials 20. What will people do after the afternoon performance? A. Buy clothes. B. Have dinner. C. Visit the museum. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Impressive exhibitions in the US worth traveling for in 2024 Here are several museum exhibitions across the USA that are worth traveling for in 2024. 1. Yayoi Kusama: Infinite Love SFMOMA, San Francisco On view: now through September 7 For six decades now, Japanese polymath Yayoi Kusama has been exploring the concept of the “infinity room.” These meditations on perception, the universe and existence itself combine bold colors, three-dimensional forms and mirror-generated visual illusions to transport viewers to an inclusive aesthetic world. In the exhibition Yayoi Kusama: Infinite Love, they have landed in Northern California for the first time. Featured works including the brand-new Dreaming of Earth’s Sphericity, I Would Offer My Love (2023) and the famous LOVE IS CALLING (2013) will be on display at SFMOMA through next fall. Be sure to reserve advance tickets the minute they go on sale. 2. Matisse and the Sea St Louis Art Museum, St Louis On view: February 17-May 12,2024 Henri Matisse lived for decades near the Mediterranean, and a number of blues carry through his entire oeuvre (全部作品), largely inspired by the reflection of light of the water. With the artist’s Bathers with Turtle (1907–8) as a museum highlight, the exhibition travels across both Matisse’s works and the world itself, with works by this 20th-century master in various media, depicting the sea as a subject and as a theme. 3. Georgia O’ Keeffe: “My New Yorks” Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago On view: June 2-September 24,2024 This show at the Art Institute of Chicago will explore how Georgia O’ Keeffe - an artist so closely associated with the Southwest and nature - spent her formative years in the USA’s biggest city. Before she turned her eye to flowers and desert sunsets, Georgia O’ Keeffe captured the distinctive perspectives of New York City, looking up at skyscrapers from street level and down from her 30th-floor apartment. 4. Whitney Biennial 2024: Even Better Than the Real Thing Whitney Museum of American Art, New York City On view: starting March 20,2024 Some leave angry. Others emerge inspired. Yet however you react, it’s hard to forget any Whitney Biennial. Multimedia pieces and political themes are never hard to detect. Organized by Chrissi e Iles and Meg Onli, the lineup at this year’s - Biennial has yet to be announced. But whoever the participants are, their work is sure to make a statement. 1. What can we learn from the artist Yayoi Kusama and his works? A. His work Infinite Love has been on display for decades. B. His works feature incorporating varied colors boldly into the works. C. Dreaming of Earth’s Sphericity was inspired by the light of water. D. Four-dimensional forms will transport viewers to the universe. 2. Who is most likely to be the target audience for the last exhibition? A. people concerned with current political affairs. B. people having a passion for economy. C. people fond of pursuing old fashion. D. people enthusiastic about different reactions. 3. What do the exhibition 2 and 3 have in common? A. Both artists prefer using city landscape in the works. B. Both exhibitions need to be reserved in advance. C. Both artists’ works focus on themes concerning surroundings. D. Both artists’ works embody political themes. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2024年美国各地值得专程一游的几个精彩博物馆展览，包括展览的名称、地点、展出时间以及展览的亮点或特色。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章1. Yayoi Kusama: Infinite Love部分中的“These meditations on perception, the universe and existence itself combine bold colors, three-dimensional forms and mirror-generated visual illusions to transport viewers to an inclusive aesthetic world. (这些对感知、宇宙和存在本身的冥想结合了大胆的色彩、三维形式和镜像生成的视觉错觉，将观众带入一个包容的美学世界。)”可知，Yayoi Kusama的作品特点之一是大胆地使用各种色彩。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一个展览4. Whitney Biennial 2024: Even Better Than the Real Thing部分中“Some leave angry. Others emerge inspired. Yet however you react, it’s hard to forget any Whitney Biennial. Multimedia pieces and political themes are never hard to detect. (有人愤然离去，有人备受启发。但无论你如何反应，都很难忘记任何一届惠特尼双年展。多媒体作品和政治主题不难被发现。)”可推测，该年展会吸引对政治感兴趣的人。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章2. Matisse and the Sea部分中的“Henri Matisse lived for decades near the Mediterranean, and a number of blues carry through his entire oeuvre (全部作品), largely inspired by the reflection of light of the water. ( Henri Matisse在地中海附近生活了数十年，他整个创作生涯中的许多蓝色作品都深受水面光线反射的启发。)”和文章Georgia O’ Keeffe: “My New Yorks”部分中的“This show at the Art Institute of Chicago will explore how Georgia O’ Keeffe - an artist so closely associated with the Southwest and nature - spent her formative years in the USA’s biggest city. Before she turned her eye to flowers and desert sunsets, Georgia O’ Keeffe captured the distinctive perspectives of New York City, looking up at skyscrapers from street level and down from her 30th-floor apartment. (芝加哥艺术学院的这场展览将探讨与西南部和大自然紧密相连的艺术家Georgia O’ Keeffe是如何在美国最大的城市度过其成长岁月的。在她将目光转向花朵和沙漠日落之前，Georgia O’ Keeffe捕捉了纽约市的独特视角，从街道层面仰望摩天大楼，从她30楼的公寓俯瞰。)”可知，这两个展览都聚焦于周围的环境。故选C。 B My husband and I fell in love when we would sit and talk in the living room of my old apartment in front of the windows drinking cups of black coffee, sometimes until sunrise. I was so extremely fortunate to have finally found that one special person. However, it was soon after our honeymoon that my husband climbed into the tomb called “the office” and buried himself in piles of paperwork and clients, and I just kept silent for fear of turning into a complaining wife. It seemed as if overnight an invisible wall had been put up between us. He just lay beside snoring like a hibernating bear unaware of my winter. When our daughter was born, my life was centred on her and I no longer seemed to care that my husband was getting busier and spending less time at home. Somewhere between his work timetable and our home and young daughter, we were losing contact with each other. That invisible wall was now being hardened by the mortar (砂浆) of indifference. Then tragedy struck our lives, when my husband’s younger brother was killed in 2001, together with thousands of other innocent people. He was identified only by the engraving (雕刻) on the inside of his wedding ring. Attending our brother’s memorial service was an eye-opening experience for both of us. For the first time, we saw our own marriage was almost like my in-laws. At the tragic death of the youngest son they could not reach out to comfort one another. It seemed as if somewhere between the oldest son’s first tooth and the youngest son’s graduation they had lost each other. Later one night, my husband told of his fear of dying and I spoke of trying to find myself in the writings of my journal. It seemed as if each of us had been hiding our soul-searching from the other. We are slowly working toward building a bridge - not a wall, so that when we reach out to each other, we do not find a barrier we cannot pass through or retreat from the stranger on the other side. 4. what can we learn about the author’s husband From the second paragraph? A. He was fully involved in his work. B. He didn’t show any affection for her. C. He preferred his work to his family D. He got tired of his nagging wife 5. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 mean? A. The author’s husband’s brothers. B. The author’s husband’s brothers-in-law. C. The author’s husband’s parents. D. The author’s husband’s sisters-in-law. 6. Which of the following best describe the author? A. Dependent and critical. B. Sensitive and sensible. C. Sympathetic and emotional. D. Ambitious and understanding. 7. What can we infer from the passage about the couple? A. Attending the memorial service worsened their relationship. B. Their brother’s death set off their reflection on marriage. C. Communication was a most effective means to break the barrier. D. The fear of dying prevented the husband from reaching out. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述作者与丈夫从相爱到因工作和家庭琐事导致关系疏远，再到经历悲剧后重新审视婚姻并努力修复关系的过程。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“However, it was soon after our honeymoon that my husband climbed into the tomb called “the office” and buried himself in piles of paperwork and clients, and I just kept silent for fear of turning into a complaining wife. (然而，蜜月期刚过，我的丈夫就一头扎进了名为“办公室”的坟墓，埋首于成堆的文件和客户之中。我则选择了沉默，生怕自己变成一个爱抱怨的妻子。)”可知，作者丈夫在蜜月期后就全身心地投入到工作中。故选A。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“At the tragic death of the youngest son they could not reach out to comfort one another. It seemed as if somewhere between the oldest son’s first tooth and the youngest son’s graduation they had lost each other. (在小儿子悲惨离世时，他们无法相互慰藉。似乎在大儿子的第一颗乳牙和小儿子的毕业典礼之间，他们已经失去了彼此。)”可推测，作者所谓的婚姻就像作者丈夫的父母之间的婚姻也就是作者的公婆之间的婚姻一样。所以in-laws指“作者丈夫地父母”。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“However, it was soon after our honeymoon that my husband climbed into the tomb called “the office” and buried himself in piles of paperwork and clients, and I just kept silent for fear of turning into a complaining wife. (然而，蜜月期刚过，我的丈夫就一头扎进了名为“办公室”的坟墓，埋首于成堆的文件和客户之中。我则选择了沉默，生怕自己变成一个爱抱怨的妻子。)”以及文章第五段“Later one night, my husband told of his fear of dying and I spoke of trying to find myself in the writings of my journal. It seemed as if each of us had been hiding our soul-searching from the other. (后来有一天晚上，丈夫谈到了他对死亡的恐惧，而我则讲述了自己如何在日记中寻找自我。似乎我们一直在向对方隐瞒着内心的探索。)”可知，作者在丈夫忙于工作时选择了沉默，没有变成爱抱怨的妻子，并且在经历悲剧后能够冷静地反思婚姻。由此可知，作者是个敏感而又明智的人。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Attending our brother’s memorial service was an eye-opening experience for both of us. For the first time, we saw our own marriage was almost like my in-laws. (参加我们弟弟的追悼会对我们俩来说都是一次震撼心灵的经历。我们第一次意识到，自己的婚姻几乎就像我公婆的婚姻一样。)”可知，他们弟弟的去世成为了他们重新审视自己婚姻的契机。故选B。 C Nobel science prizes are awarded in three areas: physics, chemistry and physiology or medicine. But occasionally some noteworthy discovery comes along that does not really fit into any of them. Similar flexibility, though in an area with far more profound consequences than ethology (行为学), has been demonstrated with regard to this year’s physics prize. Showing a sense of timeliness not always apparent in its deliberations, Sweden’s Royal Academy of Science has stretched the definition of physics to include computer science, and given its recognition to two of the pioneers of the artificial-intelligence (AI) revolution. John Hopfield of Princeton University and Geoffrey Hinton of the University of Toronto both did their crucial work in the early 1980s, at a time when computer hardware was unable to take full advantage of it. Dr Hopfield was responsible for what has become known as the Hopfield network - a type of artificial neural network that behaves like a physical structure called a spin glass, which gave the academy a fa int reason to call the field "physics". Dr Hinton’s contribution was to use an algorithm (算法) known to train neural networks. Artificial neural networks are computer programs based loosely on the way in which real; biological networks of nerve cells are believed to work. In particular, the strengths of the connections between "nodes" (结点) in such networks are plastic. Hopfield networks, in which each node is connected to every other except itself, are particularly good at learning to extract patterns from sparse (稀疏的) or noisy data. Dr Hinton’s algorithm enhances neural networks’ learning ability by letting them work, in effect, in three dimensions. Hopfield networks and their types are, in essence, two-dimensional. Though they actually exist only as simulations in software, they can be thought of as a structure of physical layers of nodes. Dr Hinton adjusted Dr Hopfield’s networks using a branch of maths called statistical mechanics to create what are known as Boltzmann machines. Boltzmann machines can be used to create systems that learn in an unsupervised manner, spotting patterns in data without having to be explicitly taught. It is, then, the activities of these two researchers which have made machine learning really sing. AI models can now not only learn, but create. Such tools have thus gone from being able to perform highly specific tasks, such as recognizing cancerous cells in pictures of tissue samples or streamlining particle-physics data, to anything from writing essays for lazy undergraduates to running robots. 8. Why does the writer mention the three areas of Nobel science prizes? A. To inform readers of the specific information. B. To introduce the flexibility of this years’ Nobel physics prize. C. To share with readers the importance of the Nobel prizes. D. To highlight the critical role physics plays in the world. 9. What can be the evidence that the two researcher’s activities can be called “physics”? A. The Hopfield Networks are two-dimensional. B. The nodes in the Hopfield Network connect each other. C. The Hopfield Network functions in a similar way to a spin glass. D. The Hopfield Network can extract patterns using a little data. 10. How did Dr Hinton strengthen neural networks’ learning ability? A. He used special physical principles. B. He changed the function of the networks. C. He thought of a structure suitable for the networks. D. He made use of maths to transform their ways of working 11. What can be the main idea of the passage? A. AI neural networks can be widely used. B. Two researchers will be awarded the Nobel Physics Prize. C. AI researchers have received the Nobel Prize for Physics. D. Physiology and medicine researchers are common in the Nobel Prize winners. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2024年诺贝尔物理学奖的两位得主，他们因在实现使用人工神经网络进行机器学习方面的基础性发现和发明而受到表彰。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Nobel science prizes are awarded in three areas: physics, chemistry and physiology or medicine. But occasionally some noteworthy discovery comes along that does not really fit into any of them. Similar flexibility, though in an area with far more profound consequences than ethology (行为学), has been demonstrated with regard to this year’s physics prize. (诺贝尔科学奖在三个领域颁发：物理、化学和生理学或医学。但偶尔会出现一些值得注意的发现，这些发现并不确切符合其中任何一种。类似的灵活性，尽管在一个比行为学影响深远得多的领域，在今年的物理奖上也得到了证明。)”可知，诺贝尔科学类奖项通常针对物理、化学和生理学或医学这三个领域，而2024年则是授予了两位在人工智能领域做出贡献的科学家，这正是体现了诺奖评选时的灵活性。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Dr Hopfield was responsible for what has become known as the Hopfield network - a type of artificial neural network that behaves like a physical structure called a spin glass, which gave the academy a faint reason to call the field "physics". (Hopfield博士负责了后来被称为Hopfield网络的东西，这是一种人工神经网络，其表现类似于一种称为自旋玻璃的物理结构，这给了科学院将该领域称为“物理学”的些微理由。)”可知，诺奖得主之一的Hopfield研制的人工神经网络在功能上类似自旋玻璃的物理结构，瑞典皇家科学院正是基于这一理由将研究成果归入物理范畴。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Dr Hinton’s algorithm enhances neural networks’ learning ability by letting them work, in effect, in three dimensions. Hopfield networks and their types are, in essence, two-dimensional. Though they actually exist only as simulations in software, they can be thought of as a structure of physical layers of nodes. Dr Hinton adjusted Dr Hopfield’s networks using a branch of maths called statistical mechanics to create what are known as Boltzmann machines. Boltzmann machines can be used to create systems that learn in an unsupervised manner, spotting patterns in data without having to be explicitly taught. (Hinton博士的算法通过让神经网络在三维空间中工作来增强其学习能力。Hopfield网络及其类型本质上是二维的。尽管它们实际上只存在于软件中的模拟中，但它们可以被视为节点物理层的结构。Hinton博士使用称为数学中的统计力学方法调整了Hopfield博士的网络，以创建所谓的玻尔兹曼机。玻尔兹曼机可用于创建以无监督方式学习的系统，在不需要明确指导的情况下发现数据中的模式。)”可知，Hinton博士利用数学方法改造了神经网络，从二维进入了三维，即转变了其运作模式。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。总览全文可知，文章主要介绍了2024年诺贝尔物理学奖的两位“特殊”得主，他们的研究方向是使用人工神经网络进行机器学习，对现在的AI领域影响深远，C选项“AI研究人员获得诺贝尔物理学奖”符合文章主要内容。故选C。 D The term parasocial interaction (虚拟社交) was introduced in the 1950s by the social scientists Donald Horton and R. Richard Wohl. It was the early days of home television, and they were seeing people form a close connection with actors who were appearing virtually in their home. Today, the definition is much broader. After all, actors, singers, comedians, athletes, and countless other celebrities are available to us in more ways than ever before. Forming parasocial bonds has never been easier. Psychologists document cases of parasocial relationships that can go much deeper, with severe consequences. Scholars note parasocial bonds range from casual talk about stars to intense emotions, to uncontrollable behavior and fantasies. At the deepest level, the parasocial relationship can be dangerous, such as when a fan loses touch with reality and secretly follows a star. It can also lead to confusion about one’s own identity, particularly in adolescents who are still forming their sense of self, as they may model themselves on the media figures with whom they have parasocial relationships. In 2021, two psychologists from York University, in Canada, found that forming parasocial bonds was strongly related to avoidant attachment. That is, people who tended to push others away in their day-to-day lives were more likely to relate to fictional characters. You can easily see how parasocial relationships could be a replacement when one finds real-life attachment difficult. This could start a feedback cycle, in which avoiding close relationships stimulates parasocial bonding, which in turn leads to reduced interactions with real-life family and friends as the fans spends their time and energy on someone who doesn’t know they exist. My purpose here is not to say that parasocial interactions are always bad for you, or even abnormal. Rather, it is to suggest that heavy parasocial bonding might be a signal that you are crowding out the real people who can give you the love you truly need. One way to address this is to get some more distance from your fictional friends, thus pausing the feedback cycle and giving yourself more space to pursue in-person connection. 12. How has parasocial interaction changed according to Paragraph 1? A. It has become more accessible. B. It has affected more celebrities. C. It has lost much of its significance. D. It has turned into a two-way process. 13. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Reasons behind celebrity following. B. Origins of dangerous relationships. C. Different types of parasocial relationships. D. Potential harm of parasocial relationships. 14. Which of the following can lead to parasocial relationships? A. Socializing with strangers. B. Having strong family support. C. Participating in group activities. D. Struggling with relationships in reality. 15. What might the author suggest for those with heavy parasocial relationships? A. Meeting fictional friends in real life. B. Seeking guidance from professionals. C. Hanging out more with real friends. D. Creating more space for being alone. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是“虚拟社交”这一概念的起源和发展，以及人们与名人之间的情感联系对商业和个人的影响。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据首段中的“Today, the definition is much broader. After all, actors, singers, comedians, athletes, and countless other celebrities are available to us in more ways than ever before. Forming parasocial bonds has never been easier.(今天，这个定义要广泛得多。毕竟，演员、歌手、喜剧演员、运动员和无数其他名人比以往任何时候都有更多的方式可供我们使用。形成虚拟社交关系从未如此简单。)”可知，现在有更多的方式触到名人，形成虚拟社交关系更加简单，由此可知，虚拟社交变得更容易得到。故选A项。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Psychologists document cases of parasocial relationships that can go much deeper, with severe consequences. Scholars note parasocial bonds range from casual talk about stars to intense emotions, to uncontrollable behavior and fantasies.(心理学家记录了一些可能更深层次的虚拟社交关系的案例，这些案例会带来严重的后果。学者们指出，虚拟社交关系的范围从随意谈论明星到强烈的情绪，再到无法控制的行为和幻想。)”以及下文中介绍的深层次的虚拟社交案例以及虚拟社交关系对青少年影响的分析可知，本段主要介绍的是虚拟社交关系带来的严重后果。故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“That is, people who tended to push others away in their day-to-day lives were more likely to relate to fictional characters. You can easily see how parasocial relationships could be a replacement when one finds real-life attachment difficult. (也就是说，那些在日常生活中脱离现实的人更有可能与虚构人物产生联系。你可以很容易地看到，当一个人发现现实生活中的依恋很难时，虚拟社会关系是如何成为一种替代品的。)”可知，那些在日常生活中脱离现实的人更有可能与虚构人物产生联系，在现实生活中的以来很难时，虚拟社会关系就会成为其替代品，由此可知，那些在现实关系中很挣扎的人很可能导致虚拟社交关系。故选D项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据尾段中的“One way to address this is to get some more distance from your fictional friends, thus pausing the feedback cycle and giving yourself more space to pursue in-person connection.(解决这个问题的一种方法是与你的虚拟朋友保持一定的距离，从而暂停反馈循环，给自己更多的空间去追求面对面的联系。)”可知，作者建议与虚拟朋友保持距离，给自己更多的空间去追求面对面的关系，由此可知，作者建议多和真正的朋友出去。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 We are overwhelmed by an unprecedented volume of information. ____16____ if we don’t actively engage with it. In order to stay focused and retain more information, it’s important to be highly engaged with the content. ____17____ It mostly relies on critical thinking. Active reading transforms passive absorption into an interactive, analytical process. There are many active reading strategies, but here are some of the most immediately useful. Understand the author’s purpose. ____18____ Take a few minutes to read the introduction or any other material available to become aware of the reason and intent of writing. Adjust your reading rate. Instead of using a constant rate, adapt yourself to the content you’re reading. ____19____, and speeding up when it’s information you are already familiar with. Annotate the content. Taking notes is a great way to stay engaged with the content. Use the margins to write ideas that pop into your mind when reading something. Paraphrase. Whenever a new concept seems a bit more complex to grasp, stop reading and try to paraphrase it using your own words. This will force you to assess your level of understanding. Organize the information visually. Map the content into a graphic to better visualize it and make it your own. You can craft a simple mind map, or be creative with collages and other forms of visual thinking. Evaluate the content. Every so often, take a step back and think critically about what you’re reading. ____20____ Consult a reference. Whenever you’ re in doubt, use a dictionary or another external reference to make sure you understand a new concept or an unfamiliar word’s meaning and have all the necessary background information. Summarize the ideas. Once you’ re done reading a book, sit down and write your own summary. Get bonus points if you publish it online to learn in public and get feedback and additional perspectives from other readers. Active reading will help you make the most of the time you spend reading books and blog posts by ensuring you retain more of the relevant content and can apply it in your day-to-day life and work. A. This means slowing down to comprehend better new or more complex information. B. Yet, research suggests that we forget up to 70% of new information within 24 hours. C. It matters for you to assess what you read. D. Active reading basically means reading something with the determination to understand, evaluate, and remember relevant aspects of what you read. E. Is it well structured, are there gaps in the argument, does the author sound biased? F. Is the goal of the author to inform, entertain, or advertise their product or services? G. Our life is packed with varied information. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在信息爆炸的时代，如何通过积极阅读来有效地理解和吸收信息。 【16题详解】 根据空前内容“We are overwhelmed by an unprecedented volume of information. (我们被前所未有的信息量所淹没。)”可知，上文提到我们会接收很多信息。因此空处需要一个能承接这个观点并引出下文的句子。选项B“Yet, research suggests that we forget up to 70% of new information within 24 hours. (然而，研究表明，我们在24小时内会忘记高达70%的新信息。)” 既承接了上文的信息量大的观点，又引出了如果不积极处理这些信息，我们可能会忘记大部分的内容，为下文讲述如何积极阅读提供了背景。故选B。 【17题详解】 根据空前内容“In order to stay focused and retain more information, it’s important to be highly engaged with the content. (为了保持专注并保留更多信息，与内容高度互动是很重要的。)”可知，空处需要解释如何做到与内容高度互动。选项D“Active reading basically means reading something with the determination to understand, evaluate, and remember relevant aspects of what you read. (积极阅读基本上意味着带着理解、评估和记住你所读内容的相关方面的决心去阅读。)”解释了积极阅读的含义，与上下文内容相符。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据空前内容“Understand the author’s purpose. (理解作者的目的。)”可推测，空处内容和作者的目的相关。选项F“Is the goal of the author to inform, entertain, or advertise their product or services? (作者的目标是提供信息、娱乐还是宣传他们的产品或服务？)”正是一个关于作者目的的问题，引导读者去理解和思考作者的目的。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据空前内容“Adjust your reading rate. Instead of using a constant rate, adapt yourself to the content you’re reading. (调整你的阅读速度。不要使用恒定的速度，而是根据你正在阅读的内容来调整。)”可知，空处需要一个与调整阅读速度相关的句子。选项A“This means slowing down to comprehend better new or more complex information. (这意味着放慢速度以更好地理解新的或更复杂的信息。)” 解释了如何根据内容调整阅读速度，即放慢速度以理解复杂信息。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据空前内容“Every so often, take a step back and think critically about what you’ re reading. (每隔一段时间，就退后一步，对所读内容进行批判性思考。)”可知，空处应该和批判性思考相关。选项E“Is it well structured, are there gaps in the argument, does the author sound biased? (它的结构是否良好，论证中是否存在漏洞，作者听起来是否有偏见？)”是一个引导读者进行批判性思考的问题，符合上下文。故选E。 第三部分 英语运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Michael Surrell and his wife had just parked the car when they got a call from their daughter, “The house next door is on fire!” He immediately went to ____21____ and saw an old woman cried. “The baby is inside!” “The baby” was 8-year-old Tiara Roberts, the woman’s ____22____. Though the fire department had been called, Surrell ____23____ rushed into the burning house. The thick ____24____ caused him to stumble blindly around and made it impossible to ____25____. After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he moved outside to ____26____ his breath. “Where is Tiara?” he asked ____27____. “The second floor,” her grandma shouted back. Taking a deep breath, Surrell went in a second time. Because the house had a ____28____ layout to his, he found the stairs ____29____ and made it to the second floor. But the darkness was overwhelming. All he could feel was the crackling and popping of burning wood. Then a soft but _____30_____ moan emerged. He crawled toward the sound, feeling around for any _____31_____ of the little girl. Finally, he _____32_____ something. He scooped Tiara into his arms, _____33_____ through the smoke. Fortunately, Surrell managed to help Tiara out; she was _____34_____ from the hospital after a few days. However, the fire worsened Surrell’s pulmonary (肺的) condition, which he suffered before, and he feels the effects even two years later. “It’s a small _____35_____ to pay,” he says. “I would do it again without a second thought.” 21. A. stimulate B. witness C. investigate D. innovate 22. A. niece B. granddaughter C. cousin D. daughter 23. A. consciously B. passionately C. instantly D. occasionally 24. A. mist B. smoke C. dust D. smog 25. A. escape B. distinguish C. see D. breathe 26. A. hold B. save C. waste D. catch 27. A. randomly B. cautiously C. nervously D. desperately 28. A. opposite B. similar C. different D. striking 29. A. mysteriously B. thrillingly C. threateningly D. effortlessly 30. A. distinct B. loud C. massive D. sharp 31. A. sense B. symbol C. sound D. sign 32 A. touched B. found C. explored D. got 33 A. running B. breaking C. struggling D. going 34. A. rescued B. composed C. suspended D. released 35. A. fee B. bill C. check D. price 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Michael Surrell的邻居家失火，他闯入火场将隔壁的小女孩成功救出的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他马上去调查，看到一个老妇人在哭。A. stimulate刺激；B. witness见证，目睹；C. investigate调查；D. innovate创新。根据“The house next door is on fire!”可知，女儿告诉Surrell隔壁着火了，所以他赶过去调查实际情况。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个“宝宝”是8岁的Tiara Roberts，她是这个女人的孙女。A. niece侄女；B. granddaughter孙女；C. cousin表妹；D. daughter女儿。根据“saw an old woman cried”和下文“for any ____11____ of the little girl”可知，这个一个小女孩，应该是老人的孙女。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管已经叫来了消防部门，索雷尔还是立即冲进了着火的房子。A. consciously有意识地；B. passionately激情地；C. instantly立即；D. occasionally偶然。根据“rushed into the burning house”可知，Surrell立即冲进了房子，想要救出老人的孙女。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：浓烟使他盲然地东倒西歪，无法呼吸。A. mist雾；B. smoke烟；C. dust灰尘；D. smog烟雾。根据下文“in the smoke-filled house”可知，房子里充满了燃烧的浓烟。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. escape逃离；B. distinguish分辨；C. see看见；D. breathe呼吸。根据“After a few minutes in the smoke-filled house, he moved outside to ____6____ his breath.”可知，屋里的烟让Surrell无法呼吸。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在烟雾弥漫的房子里待了几分钟后，他走到外面喘了口气。A. hold拿着；B. save救；C. waste浪费；D. catch抓住。根据“he moved outside”可知，前文讲到Surrell无法呼吸，所以他到室外喘口气。catch one’s breath意思为：喘口气。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“Tiara在哪儿？”他急切地问。A. randomly随机地；B. cautiously谨慎地；C. nervously紧张地；D. desperately拼命地，绝望地。根据““Where is Tiara?” he asked”并结合常识可知，小女孩被困在屋子里，一切都很紧急，推断此处是急切地问。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为房子的布局和他的房子相似，他毫不费力地找到了楼梯，来到了二楼。A. opposite对面的；B. similar相似的；C. different不同的；D. striking引人注目的。根据“layout to his, he found the stairs”并结合上文“The house next door”可知，隔壁的房屋和自己的布局很相似。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. mysteriously神秘地；B. thrillingly令人激动地；C. threateningly威胁地；D. effortlessly不费力地。根据“and made it to the second floor.”可知，由于布局相似，所以到二楼是容易的。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接着传来一声轻柔而清晰呻吟。A. distinct不同的，清晰的；B. loud响亮的；C. massive巨大的；D. sharp锋利的，敏锐的。根据“a soft but”及“He crawled toward the sound”可知， Surrell听到了一个清晰的声音，这个声音指引他爬过去。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他朝声音的方向爬去，四处寻找那个小女孩的踪迹。A. sense感觉；B. symbol象征；C. sound声音；D. sign迹象，踪迹。根据“feeling around”及上文“But the darkness was overwhelming.”可知，屋子里很黑，因此，Surrell凭借女孩的声音爬去，想要寻找到女孩的踪迹。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他碰到了什么东西。A. touched触摸；B. found发现；C. explored探索；D. got得到。根据上文“He crawled toward the sound, feeling around”可知，Surrell爬了过去，屋子很黑，因此是触摸到了女孩。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把Tiara抱进怀里，挣扎着走出浓烟。A. running跑；B. breaking打破；C. struggling奋斗，挣扎；D. going去。根据前文“But the darkness was overwhelming. All he could feel was the crackling and popping of burning wood.”可知，屋子里黑暗笼罩，火势很大，加上前文讲到全是烟，所以他是挣扎着带着女孩走出浓烟。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，索雷尔设法帮助Tiara摆脱困境；几天后她就出院了。A. rescued营救；B. composed组成；C. suspended暂停，推迟；D. released释放。根据“from the hospital after a few days”可知，女孩在被救出后送去了医院，几天之后就从医院出来了。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这个代价很小，”他说。A. fee费用；B. bill账单；C. check检查；D. price价格，代价。根据“However, the fire worsened Surrell’s pulmonary (肺的) condition, which he suffered before, and he feels the effects even two years later.”可知，虽然救人引发了Surrell的肺病，但是他成功救出了女孩，所以，相比之下，这是一个很小的代价。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Around 10,000 years ago, as people in present-day West Asia began to domesticate (培育) wheat and barley, a similar development took place in China, ____36____ people began to cultivate rice. This marked the emergence of rice agriculture, which ____37____ (have) a profound influence on people’s lives in various parts of the world ever since. For years Shangshan Culture, ____38____ Neolithic culture from 11,000 to 8,500 years ago in the Jinqu Basin in the middle and western part of East China’s Zhejiang province, has been widely recognized as a source of rice agriculture ____39____ many related relics found in its sites. A new discovery may add insights into the Shangshan people’s rice domestication, ____40____ (announce) by the National Cultural Heritage Administration in Beijing on Sept 13. The Huangchaodun Site, ____41____ (date) back 9,300 to 8,000 years in Quzhou, Zhejiang, unveiled remnants(残迹) of settlements surrounded by a moat (护城河). More importantly, an area to the east of the settlements, covering 15,000 square meters, is ____42____(possible) the earliest rice field ever discovered with a dense distribution of rice phytoliths (植物岩), or ____43____(remain) of rice. Zhou Dongya, a member of the archaeological team, told Zhejiang Daily, “We generally believe ____44____ is hard for a rice field to be preserved for several thousand years. Only under very special conditions, could the field have continued to be utilized by people of later generations. We still need further studies ____45____ (confirm) if it was really a rice field.” 【答案】36. where 37. has had 38. a 39. with 40. announced 41. dating 42. possibly 43. remains 44. it 45. to confirm 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲在金衢盆地关于上山人培育水稻的新发现。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：大约一万年前，当今天的西亚人开始培育小麦和大麦时，中国也发生了类似的发展，人们开始种植水稻。这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为China，在从句中作地点状语，所以应用关系副词where。故填where。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：这标志着水稻农业的出现，自此对世界各地人民的生活产生了深远的影响。这里考查谓语动词，which指代上文一件事，为第三人称单数形式，且由ever since可知，这里时态应用现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，故填has had。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：多年来，浙江省中西部金衢盆地的新石器时代文化——上山文化被广泛认为是水稻农业的源头，在其遗址中发现了许多相关遗迹。Neolithic culture在这里作同位语，表泛指，所以应用不定冠词，且Neolithic为发音以辅音音素开始的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：多年来，浙江省中西部金衢盆地的新石器时代文化——上山文化被广泛认为是水稻农业的源头，在其遗址中发现了许多相关遗迹。这里考查with的复合结构，为with+宾语+done的复合结构，作状语。故填with。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：9月13日，北京国家文化遗产管理局宣布，一项新发现可能会为上山人的水稻培育提供更多见解。分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语，A new discovery与announce为逻辑上的动宾关系，这里应用过去分词表被动。故填announced。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：位于浙江衢州的皇朝墩遗址，其历史可追溯至9300至8000年前，揭示了被护城河环绕的聚落遗迹。这里考查非谓语，The Huangchaodun Site与date为主动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用现在分词作后置定语。故填dating。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：更重要的是，定居点以东占地15000平方米的地区可能是迄今为止发现的最早的稻田，水稻植硅石或水稻残体分布密集。此空应填副词作状语，修饰前面动词。故填possibly。 【43题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：更重要的是，定居点以东占地15000平方米的地区可能是迄今为止发现的最早的稻田，水稻植硅石或水稻残体分布密集。分析句子可知，这里应填remains，表“残留物”，常用复数形式。故填remains。 【44题详解】 考查代词。句意：我们普遍认为，稻田很难保存几千年。这里考查it is adj to do句型，表示“做某事是……的”，为固定句型，其中it在这里作形式主语。故填it。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：我们还需要进一步的研究来确认它是否真的是一片稻田。此空应填不定式作目的状语。故填to confirm。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你英国好友Tom来信说，他们的学校将举办外国手工艺品展。他负责中国板块想请你推荐一些中国的特色手工艺品。请你回信，内容包括： 1.你的推荐；2.说明理由 注意：词数80左右； __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tom, Delighted to hear about your school’s upcoming foreign handicrafts exhibition, I’m writing to recommend some Chinese traditional handicrafts to you. Chinese paper - cutting is a folk art with a history of over 1,500 years. It involves cutting paper into various shapes and designs, often depicting scenes from nature or traditional stories. It’s not only beautiful but also a way to understand Chinese culture and history. Chinese pottery is another must - have. With a history dating back thousands of years, it’s renowned for its craftsmanship and aesthetic appeal. Hope my recommendation will be useful to you! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你的英国好友Tom来信说，他们的学校将举办外国手工艺品展，他负责中国板块想请你推荐一些中国的特色手工艺品这一情况，给他回封信。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：Delighted→ Pleased 包括，包含：involves→ contains 各种各样的：various→ all kinds of 以……而出名：be renowned for→ be famous for 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：Chinese paper - cutting is a folk art with a history of over 1,500 years. It involves cutting paper into various shapes and designs, often depicting scenes from nature or traditional stories. 合并句：Chinese paper - cutting is a folk art with a history of over 1,500 years, which involves cutting paper into various shapes and designs, often depicting scenes from nature or traditional stories. 【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s not only beautiful but also a way to understand Chinese culture and history.（运用了not only…but also…的固定句型。） 【高分句型2】With a history dating back thousands of years, it’s renowned for its craftsmanship and aesthetic appeal.（运用了with的复合结构作状语。） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 The event that stands out in Tom’s memory happened one morning when Tom was only ten years old.He was at home with his elder sister Jane.Tom was doing his homework when he heard raised voices.At first he thought nothing of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below their flat often became loud，but he soon realized this time it was different. “Quick! Quick! Remove the motorcycles from the shop.” someone shouted.Then a thick burning smell filled the air.When Tom opened the front door of their flat to investigate，a thick cloud of smoke greeted him.The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying. Jane，who had been playing the violin in her room，hurried to the living room.They rushed out of the door and along the corridor (走廊) through the smoke. They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Jane suddenly stopped in her track.She turned around and headed back the way they came.Tom had no idea what she was doing，but he followed her. Jane had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s who lived next door to them，who they called Makcik.Jane began banging on Makcik’s door，but got no answer.As the smoke thickened around them，Tom could see many of their neighbors—some still in their pajamas (睡衣)—running for safety.The thought of fear crossed his mind. “She would have run for safety like everyone else!” Tom cried.However，Jane refused to give up.“I know Makcik’s still inside.” She said she was familiar with Makcik’s daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping.She pounded against the door.“Go downstairs.Go now! Go!” Paragraph 1： Tom noticed the flame (火焰) was reaching up. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Tom noticed the flame was reaching up. Frozen with fear, he stood rooted to the spot. He comprehended the gravity of the situation and held Jane’s hand tightly. Both of them were coughing and their eyes were stinging.Time seemed to stand still, though they were probably there for only two or three minutes. Tom begged Jane to run for safety as quickly as possible. Jane tried to shield her nose from the choking smoke and shook her head.She kept pounding against the door. Tom burst out crying. Luckily, some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help. A sense of strength immediately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in Jane’s mind. She told them Ms.Makcik must be still in the room. They forced the door open with all their might. Sure enough, Makcik was lying in bed, unconscious.She was carried downstairs and then rushed to the hospital, where she finally came to herself. People in the neighborhood felt relieved and Jane and Tom were very happy. 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索，主要讲述了Tom和他的姐姐Jane在家时，楼下的机车店突然发生火灾。Jane想起旁边的老邻居Makcik还在里面就回去救她了。Tom很害怕，但Jane决心不放弃。最终，在邻居的帮助下，他们救出了Makci并将她送往医院。邻里感到放心，Jane和Tom非常高兴。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“汤姆注意到火焰正在蔓延”可知，第一段可以描写Tom感到恐惧，但他仍然牢牢抓住Jane的手。Tom恳求Jane尽快逃离，但Jane试图保护自己免受烟雾的侵袭并坚定不移地敲打门。 ②由第二段首句内容“幸运的是，一些路过的邻居停下来提供帮助。”可知，第二段可描写在邻居的帮助下他们救出了Makci并将她送往医院。 2.续写线索：站在原地——害怕——不放弃——敲门——邻居帮忙——送往医院——开心 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.站在原地：stood rooted to the spot/ remained immobile/ stood still ②.咳嗽：cough/hoarse voice/wheeze ③.尽快：as quickly as possible/as fast as you can/without delay/with all speed 情绪类 ①.大哭：burst out crying/burst into tears/start weeping/sob uncontrollably ②.焦虑：anxiety/worry/nervousness/tension/stress 【点睛】[高分句型1]. She was carried downstairs and then rushed to the hospital, where she finally came to herself. (where引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]. Frozen with fear，he stood rooted to the spot.(过去分词短语作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$