精品解析：上海市位育中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷

2024学年第一学期位育中学期中考试试卷 高三年级 英语学科 (考试时间: 120分钟 总分: 140分) I. Listening Comprehension(25%) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. To a bank. B. To a travel agency. C. To a drugstore. D. To Spain. 2. A. He forgot to submit his paper. B. He mistook the deadline for yesterday. C. He didn’t finish his paper on time. D. He couldn’t focus his mind on the paper. 3. A. She is a movie enthusiast. B. She prefers thrillers to romances. C. She doesn’t like thrillers. D. She is not in the mood for any movie. 4. A. Because she is not good at calculating. B. Because she hurried to finish the report. C. Because she is quite a careless person. D. Because she cited unconfirmed figures. 5. A. Lily forgot to deliver discs to the man. B. The man failed to renew the address. C. Lily planned to visit the new dormitory. D. The discs might have been mailed to the former place. 6. A. The woman doesn’t enjoy the leftovers. B. The man is an excellent cook in the army. C. The man has invited many people for lunch. D. The man intentionally prepared much food. 7. A. The man should be more diligent in his everyday study. B. Cramming is effective for an exam. C. Biology is indeed difficult to learn. D. The man shouldn’t have stayed up that late. 8. A. Arrange to apply for another room. B. Make a complaint about her roommate. C. Ask her roommate to move out of the room. D. Change rooms with someone in the housing office. 9. A. Helen’s hard work is rewarding. B. Helen is an accomplished job hunter. C. Helen always complains about her job. D. Helen is viewed as a model by the speakers. 10. A. Every student should value Chinese culture. B. Chinese students are humble and reserved. C. He is deeply impressed by Chinese culture. D. Chinese students lack the courage to share ideas. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To relocate to safer grounds. B. To migrate with the seasons. C. To seek more hunting grounds. D. To gather more food for survival. 12. A. It once belonged to the North sea. B. It was drowned by the meltwater. C. It was an island abundant in wildlife. D. It was unveiled by the modern fishermen. 13. A. Polar ice caps will continue to melt at a rapid rate. B. The sea floor witnessed the rise and fall of the Europe. C. Doggerland is the birthplace of English civilization. D. Coastal residents are vulnerable to the climate change. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Scientists in Britain have collected rocks on Mars. B. The discovery of Boron is a milestone in Mars exploration. C. Evidence indicates there exist plants and animals on Mars. D. The microscope is mainly used to identify different rocks. 15. A. Basic molecules for life. B. More essential chemicals. C. Holes caused by microbes. D. Ancient material from Mars. 16. A. The development of life on Mars. B. The search for signs of life on Mars. C. The importance of research on rocks. D. The discovery of surface water on Mars. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17 A. To practise skateboarding. B. To encourage teenagers in trouble. C. To support a non-profit organization. D. To fulfil his dream of touring Europe. 18. A. They served as tour guides for Joe. B. They kept a record of Joe’s journey. C. They transported equipment for Joe. D. They took care of Joe’s accommodation. 19. A. He covered a rather long distance. B. He tried to follow his friends’ van. C. He fell down and broke the trainers. D. He climbed over the rugged mountains. 20. A. Prepare for another trip. B. Resign from his current job. C. Write a book about his journey. D. Renew a contract with the organization. II. Grammar and Vocabulary:(20%) Section A Directions: After reading the sentences or passages below, fill in the blanks to make the sentences or passages coherent and grammatically correct. World’s oldest cheese found on 3500-year-old Chinese mummies A mysterious white substance found on Bronze Age mummies in China has proven to be the world’s oldest cheese. The cheese was first found about two decades ago, _____1_____ (spread) on the heads and necks of mummies found in the Xiaohe cemetery in Xinjiang province, which date from around 3500 years ago. It has been long suspected that this white substance _____2_____ have had a certain dairy origin, but only now have molecular tools become powerful enough to confirm their make-up. _____3_____ (base) on the presence of yeast (酵母), lactic acid bacteria and proteins from ruminant milk in the samples, Qiaomei Fu at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing and her colleagues have identified the substance as a kind of kefir cheese. Kefir is a traditional drink made by fermenting milk _____4_____ (use) kefir grains, which are pellets of microbial cultures, like a sourdough starter. Fu says the substance was no longer immediately recognisable as kefir cheese. “ _____5_____ their age, these pale-yellow cheese samples smelled of nothing and were powdery to touch and a little crumbly,” she says. _____6_____ there has been archaeological evidence from pottery of cheese-making technology from as long as 7000 years ago, no one has ever discovered such ancient cheese. The team found goat and cow DNA in the samples of the oldest cheese, but it appears that the milk from _____7_____ of these animals was kept separate-unlike the mixed cheeses in many Greek and Middle Eastern cheese-making traditions. This may have been because goat milk is lower in lactose (乳糖) and so _____8_____ (likely) to cause stomach problems when consumed. Fu and her colleagues also recovered the DNA of Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens bacteria from these dairy samples, _____9_____ they compared with the genomes of modern strains used to make kefir. The modern strains ______10______ (evolve) in line with the preferences of cheese consumers, says Fu. For example, the DNA analysis suggests the new strains have been selected to cause less of an immune response in the human intestine. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. sensation B. pleasurable C. appreciate D. bottling E. empathy F. related G. rests H. blending I. emotions J. examined K. enjoying We love sad songs Researchers have previously found that sad music might cause us to feel moved in an emotionally positive way, perhaps through experiencing empathy or appreciating the artistry of the piece. Now, a study has found we might simply find pleasure in feeling the sadness such music evokes. “I guess part of being human is that we just can’t cope with the idea that there’s something strangely ____11____ about negative emotion,” says Emery Schubert at the University of New South Wales in Australia. “But what about people who actually just say: ‘Well, the reason I really love this piece of music is because it makes me sad’? Who’s to say that they’re wrong?” Schubert asked 50 people — mostly undergraduate music students — to think about a piece of music they love but consider sad, which included compositions by Beethoven and Taylor Swift. They then answered an online questionnaire about the ____12____ they felt while listening to that piece. Next, participants were asked to try to imagine that the sadness in their selected piece of music could somehow be removed. Overall, the participants said this made them ____13____ it less, with 82 per cent reporting that the sadness added to their enjoyment. In another part of the experiment, Schubert asked a separate 53 people — again, mostly undergraduate music students — to identify a piece of music they love and consider “moving”. These participants widely reported feeling sad while listening to the piece, despite ____14____ it. It is possible that the participants are ____15____ the emotions of being “sad” and “moved”, thereby experiencing a direct link between sadness and overall pleasure, says Schubert. They might even be using the words “sadness” and “moving” to describe the same, or a closely ____16____ , feeling, he says. But Jonna Vuoskoski at the University of Oslo in Norway says the sadness expressed by an artist may trigger the feeling of being moved if the listener experiences ____17____ . People may also relate to the lyrics of sad songs, helping them to feel less alone in what they are going through and stopping them from ____18____ up their emotions. Vuoskoski also questions whether the participants could truly imagine removing sadness from a song without also taking away the ____19____ of feeling moved. Therefore it may be no wonder that they then imagined enjoying the music less, she says. Tuomas Eerola at Durham University in the UK doubts people could “remove” sadness from what is generally considered a sad song. “The whole study _____20_____ on an assumption that listeners are capable of perfect dissection (剥离) of their emotional causes from each other concerning their loved music,” says Eerola, who sometimes collaborates with Schubert, but wasn’t involved in this research. III. Reading Comprehension:(%) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C on D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Disorders of the brain are a growing worry. Twelve mental-health conditions ____21____ about 970m people around the world according to the Global Burden of Disease Project: more than one in ten of the population. Uneven data mean that this figure could well be an ____22____ . On top of that, neurological problems, such as stroke, Parkinson’s, and brain injury are collectively the leading global ____23____ of disability. Ageing populations with unhealthy ways of life are likely to make this problem much worse everywhere. In an ideal world science would be coming to the ____24____ . But the brain is a complex organ — sometimes described as the most complex structure in the known universe. Through good fortune and subsequent diligence, 20th-century science provided some pharmacological tools with which to treat some of the things that go wrong with it. But its fundamental mysteries have proved ____25____ to explain clearly. As a result, progress has been much slower than in treatments for the heart or cancer. ____26____ , it has sometimes been hard to detect much progress at all. The private sector spent an estimated $43bn on research into therapies for Alzheimer’s disease between 1998 and 2017 and came up empty-handed. That giant ____27____ is perhaps the biggest reason why, in the 2010s, many drug firms abandoned or cut back on neuroscience research. Happily, there are signs of a change. In our Technology Quarterly this week we report on a renaissance in neuroscience, with many drug companies, some of them big ones, showing ____28____ interest in the field. This fresh energy is coming from a variety of ____29____ and ideas. Optogenetics, which uses genetic manipulation to get animal brains to reveal their workings — and open them up to change — through the use of light, is transforming brain science in the laboratory. More precise diagnosis and well-validated biomarkers, which reveal the course of disease, are _____30_____ clinical trials. A growing openness to the investigation of previously recreational drugs is _____31_____ the range of possible medicines. New kinds of treatment, such as gene therapy, are expanding the range of diseases that can be tackled. Other _____32_____ are encouraging progress in dealing with chronic pain. As _____33_____ rise for tackling this final challenge of biomedicine, it is worth remembering that the secrets to a healthy brain are not only going to come from a pill or psychotherapist’s couch. The health of the brain is influenced by what goes on outside it, such as nutrition, exercise, the abuse of alcohol, education, social connections and _____34_____ . Of particular relevance these days is air pollution — which could have a negative influence on brain health at both the beginning and the end of life. None of this should be surprising: the health of the brain is tied to the health and the _____35_____ of the body that it sits in. Efforts to ensure better brain health are an investment that will keep paying off for individuals, and for societies, for decades to come. 21. A. affect B. hurt C. prioritize D. endanger 22. A. alternative B. equivalence C. inspection D. underestimate 23. A. composition B. fuel C. source D. term 24. A. depth B. fate C. ground D. rescue 25. A. difficult B. eventual C. evident D. intense 26. A. However B. Indeed C. Luckily D. Unlikely 27 A. classic B. failure C. gesture D. industry 28. A. reformed B. reviewed C. reserved D. renewed 29. A. conferences B. drafts C. techniques D. vocations 30. A. finishing B. updating C. justifying D. stopping 31. A. changing B. escaping C. fading D. widening 32. A. advances B. misunderstandings C. protests D. statistics 33. A. hopes B. implications C. limitations D. demands 34. A. civilization B. pollution C. stress D. undertakings 35. A. size B. warmth C. pace D. well-being Section B Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) In the heart of the war-torn city, where buildings stood like wounded soldiers, Emma waited in line for her weekly ration. The line moved slowly, a procession of miserable faces and threadbare coats. When her turn came, the ration officer handed her the allotted food with a cold efficiency. “Two loaves, half a pound of sugar, and a tin of powdered milk,” he recited. The portions seemed to shrink each week, mirroring the dwindling hope in people’s hearts. Holding her meager supplies, Emma hurried through the bombed-out streets, navigating through craters and debris. The city, once vibrant and bustling, now lay in a hushed surrender to scarcity and fear. At home, her family’s small garden offered a sharp contrast to the desolation around. Here, amidst the rows of struggling vegetables, her father labored. “Dad, let me help,” Emma offered, taking the shovel from his weary hands. Together, they dug into the earth, creating a hidden cache for extra food. It was a secret they guarded fiercely, knowing that in times of shortage, even neighbors could turn against each other out of desperation. As they worked, Emma’s mind wandered to the days before the war, when food was abundant and their garden was a source of joy, not just survival. She remembered her mother’s cooking, the aromas that filled their kitchen, the laughter that accompanied their meals. Now, each bite of their bland rations was a reminder of what had been lost. In the evenings, the family gathered around a small table, sharing their rationed food. Conversation flowed, weaving tales of better times, igniting sparks of hope. Emma’s younger brother, Tom, would often ask, “When will we have chocolate again?” It was a question loaded with longing, not just for the sweetness of chocolate but for the return of normalcy. Despite the hardship, they found reasons to smile. Emma’s father would recount stories from his youth, tales of adventure that seemed like fairy tales in their grim surroundings. Her mother would hum old tunes, filling their home with a semblance of warmth and normalcy. As winter deepened, the rations grew scarcer, and the hidden cache in the garden became their lifeline. Each day, Emma and her father would check the hole, ensuring their precious supplies were safe. The hole, a mere cavity in the ground, symbolized their resilience, a refusal to give in to despair. 36. How did the amount of weekly rations appear to change each week? A. Significantly increased. B. Dramatically changed. C. Remained the same D. Decreased each week. 37. The term “hidden cache” in the third paragraph most probably refers to “_____________” A. a treasure map B. a buried capsule C. a secret food storage spot D. a mysterious box 38. The family time at the meal illustrates_____________. A. abundant food showcases the war has unexpectedly brought prosperity to their family B. the family enjoys each other’s company despite the harsh conditions C. meals at the table are silent and rushed, highlighting their fear and anxiety D. the table becomes a place of conflict where family members argue over limited food 39. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Struggle for survival B. Sweetness in bitterness C. Food in threadbare coats D. Chocolate in the memory (B) As a Visa student cardholder, you can gain exclusive benefits when you use your card to book a flight with us between 13 June and 31 October. 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What benefit can a Visa student cardholder get according to the passage? A. Being able to be upgraded to the first class. B. Discounted duty-free products. C. 10kg extra baggage allowance without any registration. D. 10% saving on Economy Class booking all year around. 41. What can we learn about the lucky draw? A. Winners will receive notifications on qatarairways. com B. Two winners will get the upgrade on the flight from Doha Hamad. C. Two winners can share their benefits with their companions before boarding. D. Lucky draw conditions doesn’t apply to the flight departing from Shanghai. 42. Who might be most interested in the passage? A. Business managers heading for Qatar. B. Students with Visa cards from Hangzhou. C. Tourists intending to visit Hangzhou. D. Passengers departing from Doha. (C) Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people’s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kins and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the “obvious” is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else. Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers. These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young troublemakers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community’s population size and its social diversity. For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan (见多识广的) outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size. 43. According to paragraph 1, it was once a common belief that people in modern society __________. A. tended to acquaint themselves with people passing by B. usually had more friends than small-town residents C. bore great responsibilities to neighbors and relatives D. could not develop very close relationships with others 44 One of the consequences of urbanism is that the city residents __________. A. lower the quality of relationships B. show little concern for strangers C. suffer from the lack of friendship D. the better its quality of life is 45. We can learn from the passage that the bigger a community is, __________. A. the more likely it is to display stress B. the more open-minded people are C. the more similar its interests are D. the better its quality of life is 46. What is the passage mainly about? A. Minor differences in the interpersonal relations between cities and towns. B. The positive role that urbanism has been playing in our modern society. C. Advantages and disadvantages of living in big cities or small towns. D. The strong feeling of alienation that city inhabitants are suffering. (D) Directions: Read the passage carefully Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Going to extremes James Kevin recently jumped out of a plane over a mountain, and then snow boarded down it. ____47____ You might think James is crazy, but he’s one of a growing number of extreme sports fans. These sports are being invented and developed all the time. And one thing they all share is high risk factor. Why would anyone want to take such risks and push themselves beyond their limits? One popular theory is that extreme sports have evolved as a reaction to our increasingly safe lifestyles. In the past, just staying alive and finding enough food to eat was a daily challenge but now in most developed countries, that is no longer the case. ___48___ In developing countries where life is more difficult and people’s time is dedicated to the basics of day-to-day living or simply surviving, there is no time, inclination or necessity for them. Another theory argues that extreme sports attract adrenaline junkies. ____49____ Adrenaline is a chemical released in the body as a response to stress and danger, but for some people, the feeling gives a heightened sense of being alive, a feeling they want to experience again and again. For some athletes, reaching the same goal many times doesn’t bring the same excitement or satisfaction as before. For this reason, they need a big risk, a new target to reach and extreme sports are the perfect solution. However, for psychologist Eric Brymer, neither of these theories is accurate. Having interviewed many extreme sports men and women, he doesn’t believe they are thrill-seekers who risk their lives for an adrenaline high, or people who find modern life too safe so feel the need to take risks. ___50___ They understand the environment, task, and their own level of skill and ability-emotional, physical and psychological- so well that for them the focus is on controlling all these things and developing as individuals. Extremes sports are their way of enjoying life to the full and being the best they can be. They are expressing a wish for life, not a foolish death wish- something they cannot do in their normal work roles. It seems that extreme sports participants may have been given a bad press. Whichever theory you believe, you may be able to benefit from some extreme sports. They aren’t all as dangerous as base jumping. So why not give one a go？ A. Critics say that these foolhardy people endanger themselves and others and should therefore have to pay for their own treatment. B. These are people who do them for the danger, because they get an adrenaline rush and feel a “high” when they participate. C. Last year he tried base jumping and whitewater kayaking. D. Not everyone enjoys the thrill of extreme sports-- for some people that are a terrifying experience. E. In contrast, his research shows that for participants risk-taking doesn’t come into it at all. F. As a result, some people feel that need to experience the thrill of risk-taking to counteract this. IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. What do We Know About “Mathephobia” Mathematician Mary de Lellis Gough, who often observed her struggling students fail to work out mathematical problems, coined the term ‘mathephobia’ in 1953. She described it as “a disease that proves fatal before its presence is detected”. Other experts have defined it as “the panic, helplessness and mental disorganization that arises among some people when they are required to solve a mathematical problem” and “a general fear of contact with mathematics”. Sian Beilock, a cognitive scientist and her colleagues of Barnard College in New York have shown that math anxiety can start as soon as we enter formal schooling. “Math is one of the first places in school in western cultures where we really learn about whether we got something right or wrong, and are exposed to being evaluated in timed tests.” Girls may be more prone to it than boys. Primary school teachers often have high levels of math anxiety, says Beilock, and in the US and elsewhere, they are mostly female. Since young children tend to identify with adults of the same gender, this means girls are more likely to pick up math anxiety from their female teachers. Having a female teacher with math anxiety makes girls more likely to believe gendered stereotypes about math, leading to poorer achievement. “Once you have it, it can be self-lasting. Worrying about it can make it worse.” says Beilock, whose study of children between the ages of five and eight suggests math anxiety might weaken performance by burdening working memory. “As our ability to focus limited, our attention gets divided when we do more than one task at a time.” she says. “If you’re worried about having to do math, you may have an internal monologue saying you can’t do this and at the same time you’re trying to calculate numbers.” When people have math anxiety, they tend to avoid the subject, as researchers from 2019 show. But since math builds on itself, avoiding it makes it harder to catch up. “Math is foundational. If you miss a certain idea, it’s harder to learn the next one.” says Darcy Hallett. “And then you can fall behind, which might make math more of a targeted anxiety compared to other topics.” ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation: (15%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 我们已经很久没有看过如此绚烂的迪士尼烟花秀了。(It) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 这起事故及时提醒人们走路不要看手机。(reminder)(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 参观博物馆或游学已成为快速发展的社会风尚，显著提升了热门博物馆的客流量。(which)(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 游戏《黑神话悟空》(Black Myth: Wukong)以世界级水准讲述中国故事，彰显大制作游戏华潜力，激励业界拓宽创作视野。(succeed)(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing(25%) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 76. 近期，你的英语老师发现部分同学使用文心一言(Ernie Bot)等 Al工具来完成英语翻译和写作，认为该行为不仅仅涉及学术诚信，还影响学生学习效果，这引发了大家对于如何用好高科技工具的思考。 请你结合自身经历，在班会课上发表演讲。你的发言需包括： 1. 你对在学习中使用 AI工具的看法。 2. 结合自身经历，陈述理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案： 1-5 CACBD 6-10 DAAAB 11-13 ABD 14-16 BCB 17-20 CCDB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第一学期位育中学期中考试试卷 高三年级 英语学科 (考试时间: 120分钟 总分: 140分) I. Listening Comprehension(25%) Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. To a bank. B. To a travel agency. C. To a drugstore. D. To Spain. 2. A. He forgot to submit his paper. B. He mistook the deadline for yesterday. C. He didn’t finish his paper on time. D. He couldn’t focus his mind on the paper. 3. A. She is a movie enthusiast. B. She prefers thrillers to romances. C. She doesn’t like thrillers. D. She is not in the mood for any movie. 4. A. Because she is not good at calculating. B. Because she hurried to finish the report. C. Because she is quite a careless person. D. Because she cited unconfirmed figures. 5. A. Lily forgot to deliver discs to the man. B. The man failed to renew the address. C. Lily planned to visit the new dormitory. D. The discs might have been mailed to the former place. 6. A. The woman doesn’t enjoy the leftovers. B. The man is an excellent cook in the army. C. The man has invited many people for lunch. D. The man intentionally prepared much food. 7. A. The man should be more diligent in his everyday study. B. Cramming is effective for an exam. C. Biology is indeed difficult to learn. D. The man shouldn’t have stayed up that late. 8 A. Arrange to apply for another room. B. Make a complaint about her roommate. C. Ask her roommate to move out of the room. D. Change rooms with someone in the housing office. 9. A. Helen’s hard work is rewarding. B. Helen is an accomplished job hunter. C. Helen always complains about her job. D. Helen is viewed as a model by the speakers. 10. A. Every student should value Chinese culture. B. Chinese students are humble and reserved. C. He is deeply impressed by Chinese culture. D. Chinese students lack the courage to share ideas. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. To relocate to safer grounds. B. To migrate with the seasons. C. To seek more hunting grounds. D. To gather more food for survival. 12. A. It once belonged to the North sea. B. It was drowned by the meltwater. C. It was an island abundant in wildlife. D. It was unveiled by the modern fishermen. 13. A. Polar ice caps will continue to melt at a rapid rate. B. The sea floor witnessed the rise and fall of the Europe. C. Doggerland is the birthplace of English civilization. D. Coastal residents are vulnerable to the climate change. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Scientists in Britain have collected rocks on Mars. B. The discovery of Boron is a milestone in Mars exploration. C. Evidence indicates there exist plants and animals on Mars. D. The microscope is mainly used to identify different rocks. 15. A. Basic molecules for life. B. More essential chemicals. C. Holes caused by microbes. D. Ancient material from Mars. 16. A. The development of life on Mars. B. The search for signs of life on Mars. C. The importance of research on rocks. D. The discovery of surface water on Mars. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. To practise skateboarding. B. To encourage teenagers in trouble. C. To support a non-profit organization. D. To fulfil his dream of touring Europe. 18. A. They served as tour guides for Joe. B. They kept a record of Joe’s journey. C. They transported equipment for Joe. D. They took care of Joe’s accommodation. 19. A. He covered a rather long distance. B. He tried to follow his friends’ van. C. He fell down and broke the trainers. D. He climbed over the rugged mountains. 20. A. Prepare for another trip. B. Resign from his current job. C. Write a book about his journey. D. Renew a contract with the organization. II. Grammar and Vocabulary:(20%) Section A Directions: After reading the sentences or passages below, fill in the blanks to make the sentences or passages coherent and grammatically correct. World’s oldest cheese found on 3500-year-old Chinese mummies A mysterious white substance found on Bronze Age mummies in China has proven to be the world’s oldest cheese. The cheese was first found about two decades ago, _____1_____ (spread) on the heads and necks of mummies found in the Xiaohe cemetery in Xinjiang province, which date from around 3500 years ago. It has been long suspected that this white substance _____2_____ have had a certain dairy origin, but only now have molecular tools become powerful enough to confirm their make-up. _____3_____ (base) on the presence of yeast (酵母), lactic acid bacteria and proteins from ruminant milk in the samples, Qiaomei Fu at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing and her colleagues have identified the substance as a kind of kefir cheese. Kefir is a traditional drink made by fermenting milk _____4_____ (use) kefir grains, which are pellets of microbial cultures, like a sourdough starter. Fu says the substance was no longer immediately recognisable as kefir cheese. “ _____5_____ their age, these pale-yellow cheese samples smelled of nothing and were powdery to touch and a little crumbly,” she says. _____6_____ there has been archaeological evidence from pottery of cheese-making technology from as long as 7000 years ago, no one has ever discovered such ancient cheese. The team found goat and cow DNA in the samples of the oldest cheese, but it appears that the milk from _____7_____ of these animals was kept separate-unlike the mixed cheeses in many Greek and Middle Eastern cheese-making traditions. This may have been because goat milk is lower in lactose (乳糖) and so _____8_____ (likely) to cause stomach problems when consumed. Fu and her colleagues also recovered the DNA of Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens bacteria from these dairy samples, _____9_____ they compared with the genomes of modern strains used to make kefir. The modern strains ______10______ (evolve) in line with the preferences of cheese consumers, says Fu. For example, the DNA analysis suggests the new strains have been selected to cause less of an immune response in the human intestine. 【答案】1. spread 2. may##might##can##could 3. Based 4. using 5. Due to##Because of##Owing to 6. While##Though##Although 7. each 8. less likely 9. which 10. have evolved##have been evolving 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了在3500年前的中国木乃伊身上发现了世界上最古老的奶酪一事。 【1题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：这个奶酪最早是在大约二十年前发现的，分布在新疆小河公墓发现的木乃伊的头和脖子上，这些木乃伊的历史可以追溯到大约3500年前。非谓语动词spread和主语The cheese是逻辑被动关系，spread用过去分词形式作状语。故填spread。 【2题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：长期以来，人们一直怀疑这种白色物质可能来源于某种乳制品，但直到现在，分子工具才变得足够强大，可以确认它们的成分。情态动词+动词原形，情态动词may/might/can/could表推测。故填may/might/can/could。 【3题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：基于样本中存在酵母、乳酸菌和反刍动物乳汁中的蛋白质，北京中国科学院的Qiaomei Fu和她的同事们将这种物质鉴定为一种开菲尔奶酪。固定短语be based on (基于)，用过去分词based作状语，首字母大写。故填Based。 4题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：开菲尔是一种传统饮料，利用开菲尔谷物发酵牛奶制成，开菲尔谷物是微生物培养物的颗粒，就像酸面团发酵剂一样。非谓语动词use和主语Kefir是逻辑主动关系，use用现在分词形式作状语。故填using。 【5题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：她说：“由于年代久远，这些淡黄色的奶酪样品闻起来毫无味道，摸起来呈粉状，有点易碎。”固定短语due to/because of/owing to (由于)，首字母大写。故填Due to/Because of/Owing to。 【6题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然早在7000年前，陶器上就有奶酪制作技术的考古证据，但从来没有人发现过如此古老的奶酪。主从句让步关系，用从属连词while/though/although (虽然……但是……)引导让步状语从句。故填While/Though/Although。 【7题详解】 考查不定代词。句意：研究小组在最古老的奶酪样本中发现了山羊和奶牛的DNA，但似乎每种动物的牛奶都是分开保存的，这与许多希腊和中东奶酪制作传统中的混合奶酪不同。结合句意，用不定代词each，each of (每个)。故填each。 【8题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：这可能是因为羊奶的乳糖含量较低，因此食用时不太可能引起胃部问题。固定短语be likely to do sth. (可能做某事)，结合句意，用形容词比较级less likely (不大可能)作表语。故填less likely。 【9题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：傅和她的同事们还从这些乳制品样本中回收了开菲尔乳酸菌的DNA，并将其与用于制造开菲尔的现代菌株的基因组进行了比较。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是DNA，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作宾语，用关系代词which。故填which。 【10题详解】 考查时态。句意：傅说，现代奶酪品种的演变符合奶酪消费者的偏好。该空表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能持续发生下去，谓语动词evolve用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，注意主谓一致。故填have evolved/have been evolving。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. sensation B. pleasurable C. appreciate D. bottling E. empathy F. related G. rests H. blending I. emotions J. examined K. enjoying We love sad songs Researchers have previously found that sad music might cause us to feel moved in an emotionally positive way, perhaps through experiencing empathy or appreciating the artistry of the piece. Now, a study has found we might simply find pleasure in feeling the sadness such music evokes. “I guess part of being human is that we just can’t cope with the idea that there’s something strangely ____11____ about negative emotion,” says Emery Schubert at the University of New South Wales in Australia. “But what about people who actually just say: ‘Well, the reason I really love this piece of music is because it makes me sad’? Who’s to say that they’re wrong?” Schubert asked 50 people — mostly undergraduate music students — to think about a piece of music they love but consider sad, which included compositions by Beethoven and Taylor Swift. They then answered an online questionnaire about the ____12____ they felt while listening to that piece. Next, participants were asked to try to imagine that the sadness in their selected piece of music could somehow be removed. Overall, the participants said this made them ____13____ it less, with 82 per cent reporting that the sadness added to their enjoyment. In another part of the experiment, Schubert asked a separate 53 people — again, mostly undergraduate music students — to identify a piece of music they love and consider “moving”. These participants widely reported feeling sad while listening to the piece, despite ____14____ it. It is possible that the participants are ____15____ the emotions of being “sad” and “moved”, thereby experiencing a direct link between sadness and overall pleasure, says Schubert. They might even be using the words “sadness” and “moving” to describe the same, or a closely ____16____ , feeling, he says. But Jonna Vuoskoski at the University of Oslo in Norway says the sadness expressed by an artist may trigger the feeling of being moved if the listener experiences ____17____ . People may also relate to the lyrics of sad songs, helping them to feel less alone in what they are going through and stopping them from ____18____ up their emotions. Vuoskoski also questions whether the participants could truly imagine removing sadness from a song without also taking away the ____19____ of feeling moved. Therefore it may be no wonder that they then imagined enjoying the music less, she says. Tuomas Eerola at Durham University in the UK doubts people could “remove” sadness from what is generally considered a sad song. “The whole study _____20_____ on an assumption that listeners are capable of perfect dissection (剥离) of their emotional causes from each other concerning their loved music,” says Eerola, who sometimes collaborates with Schubert, but wasn’t involved in this research. 【答案】11. B 12. I 13. C 14. K 15. H 16. F 17. E 18. D 19. A 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现们人可能只是在感受音乐唤起的悲伤中找到快乐，详细描述了其实验过程 。 【11题详解】 考查形容词。句意：澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的埃默里·舒伯特说：“我想，作为人类的一部分，我们就是无法应对负面情绪有某种奇怪的愉悦感的想法。”结合第一段尾句“Now, a study has found we might simply find pleasure in feeling the sadness such music evokes. (现在，一项研究发现，我们可能只是在感受这种音乐唤起的悲伤中找到快乐)”，此处指我们无法应对负面情绪中奇怪的愉悦感，形容词pleasurable (愉快的)符合句意，作后置定语修饰something。故选B项。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：然后，他们回答了一份关于他们在听这段音乐时感受到的情绪的在线问卷。结合下文“they felt while listening to that piece”，此处指他们在听这段音乐时感受到的情绪，复数名词emotions 意为“情绪”符合句意。故选I项。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：总体而言，参与者表示（去掉悲伤后）他们会更少欣赏这段音乐，82%的人表示悲伤增加了他们的享受。结合上句“Next, participants were asked to try to imagine that the sadness in their selected piece of music could somehow be removed. (接下来，参与者被要求尝试想象他们所选音乐中的悲伤可以以某种方式被消除)”和下文“with 82 per cent reporting that the sadness added to their enjoyment”，此处指去掉悲伤后，他们会更少欣赏这段音乐，动词appreciate (欣赏)符合句意，make sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”。故选C项。 【14题详解】 考查动词。句意：这些参与者普遍表示，尽管他们很喜欢这首曲子，但在听时还是感到悲伤。介词despite后用动名词形式作宾语，结合上句“In another part of the experiment, Schubert asked a separate 53 people — again, mostly undergraduate music students — to identify a piece of music they love and consider “moving”. (在实验的另一部分，舒伯特要求另外53人——同样是音乐本科生——找出他们喜欢并认为“感人”的一首音乐)”可知，此处指他们很喜欢这首曲子，enjoying 意为“喜欢”符合句意。故选K项。 【15题详解】 考查动词。句意：舒伯特说，参与者可能将“悲伤”和“感动”的情绪混合在一起，从而体验到悲伤和整体快乐之间的直接联系。该空用现在分词形式和are一起构成现在进行时，结合下文“thereby experiencing a direct link between sadness and overall pleasure”可知，此处指参与者可能将“悲伤”和“感动”的情绪混合在一起，blending 意为“混合”符合句意，故选H项。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他说，他们甚至可能用“悲伤”和“感动”来形容相同或密切相关的感觉。结合上文“thereby experiencing a direct link between sadness and overall pleasure (从而体验到悲伤和整体快乐之间的直接联系)”可知，此处指密切相关的感觉，形容词related意为“相关的”符合句意，作定语，修饰名词feeling。故选F项。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：但挪威奥斯陆大学的Jonna Vuoskoski表示，如果听众感受到共情，艺术家表达的悲伤可能会引发被感动的感觉。结合上文“the sadness expressed by an artist may trigger the feeling of being moved”可知，此处指“如果听众感受到共情，艺术家表达的悲伤可能会引发感动”，名词empathy 意为“共鸣、同感”符合句意，作宾语。故选E项。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：人们也可能与悲伤歌曲的歌词有关，帮助他们在所经历的事情中感到不那么孤独，并阻止他们压抑自己的情绪。介词from后用动名词形式作宾语，结合上文“helping them to feel less alone in what they are going through”，此处指帮助他们不再压抑情绪bottle up 意为“压抑、抑制”符合句意，用bottling。故选D项。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：Vuoskoski还质疑参与者是否真的能想象在不去掉感动的感觉的情况下从歌曲中去除悲伤。结合第四段首句“Next, participants were asked to try to imagine that the sadness in their selected piece of music could somehow be removed. (接下来，参与者被要求尝试想象他们所选音乐中的悲伤可以以某种方式被消除)”可知，此处指去掉感动的感觉， 名词sensation 意为“感觉”符合句意，作宾语。故选A项。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：Eerola说：“整个研究都建立在一个假设之上，即听众能够完美地剖析他们对所爱音乐的情感原因。”Eerola有时与舒伯特合作，但没有参与这项研究。该空谓语动词，用一般现在时表事实，结合句意，rest on 意为“依靠”符合句意，用rests。故选G项。 III. Reading Comprehension:(%) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C on D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Disorders of the brain are a growing worry. Twelve mental-health conditions ____21____ about 970m people around the world according to the Global Burden of Disease Project: more than one in ten of the population. Uneven data mean that this figure could well be an ____22____ . On top of that, neurological problems, such as stroke, Parkinson’s, and brain injury are collectively the leading global ____23____ of disability. Ageing populations with unhealthy ways of life are likely to make this problem much worse everywhere. In an ideal world science would be coming to the ____24____ . But the brain is a complex organ — sometimes described as the most complex structure in the known universe. Through good fortune and subsequent diligence, 20th-century science provided some pharmacological tools with which to treat some of the things that go wrong with it. But its fundamental mysteries have proved ____25____ to explain clearly. As a result, progress has been much slower than in treatments for the heart or cancer. ____26____ , it has sometimes been hard to detect much progress at all. The private sector spent an estimated $43bn on research into therapies for Alzheimer’s disease between 1998 and 2017 and came up empty-handed. That giant ____27____ is perhaps the biggest reason why, in the 2010s, many drug firms abandoned or cut back on neuroscience research. Happily, there are signs of a change. In our Technology Quarterly this week we report on a renaissance in neuroscience, with many drug companies, some of them big ones, showing ____28____ interest in the field. This fresh energy is coming from a variety of ____29____ and ideas. Optogenetics, which uses genetic manipulation to get animal brains to reveal their workings — and open them up to change — through the use of light, is transforming brain science in the laboratory. More precise diagnosis and well-validated biomarkers, which reveal the course of disease, are _____30_____ clinical trials. A growing openness to the investigation of previously recreational drugs is _____31_____ the range of possible medicines. New kinds of treatment, such as gene therapy, are expanding the range of diseases that can be tackled. Other _____32_____ are encouraging progress in dealing with chronic pain. As _____33_____ rise for tackling this final challenge of biomedicine, it is worth remembering that the secrets to a healthy brain are not only going to come from a pill or psychotherapist’s couch. The health of the brain is influenced by what goes on outside it, such as nutrition, exercise, the abuse of alcohol, education, social connections and _____34_____ . Of particular relevance these days is air pollution — which could have a negative influence on brain health at both the beginning and the end of life. None of this should be surprising: the health of the brain is tied to the health and the _____35_____ of the body that it sits in. Efforts to ensure better brain health are an investment that will keep paying off for individuals, and for societies, for decades to come. 21. A. affect B. hurt C. prioritize D. endanger 22. A. alternative B. equivalence C. inspection D. underestimate 23. A. composition B. fuel C. source D. term 24. A. depth B. fate C. ground D. rescue 25. A. difficult B. eventual C. evident D. intense 26. A. However B. Indeed C. Luckily D. Unlikely 27. A. classic B. failure C. gesture D. industry 28. A. reformed B. reviewed C. reserved D. renewed 29. A. conferences B. drafts C. techniques D. vocations 30. A. finishing B. updating C. justifying D. stopping 31. A. changing B. escaping C. fading D. widening 32. A. advances B. misunderstandings C. protests D. statistics 33. A. hopes B. implications C. limitations D. demands 34. A. civilization B. pollution C. stress D. undertakings 35. A. size B. warmth C. pace D. well-being 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着科学技术的发展以及新的治疗手段的出现，人们重燃对神经科学领域研究的兴趣。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据全球疾病负担项目，12种心理健康状况影响着全球约9.7亿人：超过十分之一的人口。A. affect影响；B. hurt伤害；C. prioritize优先处理；D. endanger危及。由上文“Disorders of the brain are a growing worry.(大脑疾病越来越令人担忧)”可知，12种心理健康状况影响着全球约9.7亿人。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不均匀的数据意味着这个数字很可能被低估了。A. alternative可供选择的事物；B. equivalence相等；C. inspection检查；D. underestimate低估。由下文“Ageing populations with unhealthy ways of life are likely to make this problem much worse everywhere.(生活方式不健康的老龄化人口可能会使这一问题在各地变得更加严重)”可知，随着生活方式不健康的老龄化人口的加剧，“受12种心理健康状况影响的全球约9.7亿人”这个数据很可能被低估了，暗指人数不止这些。故选D项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：除此之外，中风、帕金森氏症和脑损伤等神经系统问题共同成为全球残疾的主要来源。A. composition组成；B. fuel燃料；C. source来源；D. term术语。由上文“stroke, Parkinson’s, and brain injury”和下文“disability”可知，中风、帕金森氏症和脑损伤等神经系统问题是全球残疾的主要来源。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在理想的世界里，科学会来拯救我们。A. depth深度；B. fate命运；C. ground地面；D. rescue拯救。由下文“Through good fortune and subsequent diligence, 20th-century science provided some pharmacological tools with which to treat some of the things that go wrong with it.(通过好运和随后的努力，20世纪的科学为我们提供了一些药物工具，可以用来治疗它出现的一些问题)”可知，人们认为通过科技的发展，疾病会被治愈，科技能拯救人类。故选D项。 25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但事实证明，大脑的基本奥秘很难解释清楚。A. difficult困难的；B. eventual最终的；C. evident明显的；D. intense强烈的。由上文转折词But和下文“ As a result, progress has been much slower than in treatments for the heart or cancer. (因此，其进展比心脏病或癌症的治疗慢得多)”和下文“it has sometimes been hard to detect much progress at all (有时很难发现有多大进展)”可知，人们认为科技能拯救人类，但关于大脑治疗研究的进展比心脏病或癌症的治疗慢得多，说明大脑的基本奥秘很难解释清楚。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实上，有时很难发现有多大进展。A. However然而；B. Indeed的确；C. Luckily幸运的是；D. Unlikely不太可能。由下文“The private sector spent an estimated $43bn on research into therapies for Alzheimer’s disease between 1998 and 2017 and came up empty-handed.(1998年至2017年间，私营部门在阿尔茨海默病治疗研究上花费了约430亿美元，但最终一无所获)”可知，有时很难发现有多大进展，是一个事实。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一巨大的失败可能是21世纪10年代许多制药公司放弃或削减神经科学研究的最大原因。A. classic经典；B. failure失败；C. gesture手势；D. industry工业。由上文“The private sector spent an estimated $43bn on research into therapies for Alzheimer’s disease between 1998 and 2017 and came up empty-handed.(1998年至2017年间，私营部门在阿尔茨海默病治疗研究上花费了约430亿美元，但最终一无所获)”可知，此处指在大脑研究上的失败。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：在本周的《技术季刊》中，我们报道了神经科学的复兴，许多制药公司，其中一些是大公司，对该领域表现出再次兴起的兴趣。A. reformed改革；B. reviewed复习；C. reserved内向的；D. renewed再次兴起的。由上文“Happily, there are signs of a change.(令人高兴的是，有变化的迹象)”及“ a renaissance in neuroscience”和下文“This fresh energy (这种新的能量)”可知，虽然此前大脑研究上遭遇失败，但有新变化，神经科学在复兴，一些制药公司对大脑领域表现出再次兴起的兴趣。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种新的能量来自各种技术和想法。A. conferences会议；B. drafts草稿；C. techniques技术；D. vocations职业。由下文“Optogenetics, which uses genetic manipulation to get animal brains to reveal their workings — and open them up to change — through the use of light, is transforming brain science in the laboratory. (光遗传学利用基因操纵让动物大脑通过使用光来揭示它们的运作方式，并使它们能够改变，正在改变实验室的脑科学)”和下文“New kinds of treatment, such as gene therapy, are expanding the range of diseases that can be tackled. (基因治疗等新型治疗方法正在扩大可以治疗的疾病范围)”可知，一些制药公司对大脑领域表现出再次兴起的兴趣，是因为各种技术和想法的发展。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：更精确的诊断和经过充分验证的生物标志物可以揭示疾病的进程，正在更新临床试验。A. finishing完成；B. updating更新；C. justifying证明正当；D. stopping停止。由上文“Optogenetics, which uses genetic manipulation to get animal brains to reveal their workings — and open them up to change — through the use of light, is transforming brain science in the laboratory. (光遗传学利用基因操纵让动物大脑通过使用光来揭示它们的运作方式，并使它们能够改变，正在改变实验室的脑科学)”和下文“New kinds of treatment, such as gene therapy, are expanding the range of diseases that can be tackled. (基因治疗等新型治疗方法正在扩大可以治疗的疾病范围)”可知，本段讲各种技术和想法的发展给大脑领域研究复兴带来的积极影响，可得出更精确的诊断和经过充分验证的生物标志物正在更新临床试验。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对以前娱乐性药物的调查越来越开放，这扩大了可能的药物范围。A. changing改变；B. escaping逃离；C. fading褪色；D. widening使范围扩大。由上文“A growing openness to the investigation of previously recreational drugs”可知，这会扩大药物范围。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他是在处理慢性疼痛方面取得的令人鼓舞的进展。A. advances进展；B. misunderstandings误解；C. protests抗议；D. statistics数据。由上文语境和下文“encouraging progress in dealing with chronic pain”可知，本段讲各种技术和想法的发展给大脑领域研究复兴带来的积极影响，此处讲的是进展。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着应对生物医学这一最后挑战的希望越来越大，值得记住的是，健康大脑的秘密不仅来自药丸或心理治疗师的沙发。A. hopes希望；B. implications暗示，可能的影响；C. limitations限制；D. demands要求。由第四段讲“各种技术和想法的发展给大脑领域研究复兴带来的积极影响”可知，人们对生物医学治愈疾病这一最后挑战的希望越来越大。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：大脑的健康受到外界因素的影响，如营养、运动、酗酒、教育、社会关系和污染。A. civilization文明；B. pollution污染；C. stress压力；D. undertakings任务，承诺。由下文“Of particular relevance these days is air pollution (如今，空气污染尤为相关)”可知，大脑的健康也会受到污染的影响。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一切都不足为奇：大脑的健康与它所处的身体的健康和福祉息息相关。A. size尺寸；B. warmth温暖；C. pace速度；D. well-being幸福。与上文“the health and”及下文“of the body that it sits in”可知，此处指大脑的健康与大脑所在的身体的健康和福祉息息相关。故选D项。 Section B Directions: Read the following two passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) In the heart of the war-torn city, where buildings stood like wounded soldiers, Emma waited in line for her weekly ration. The line moved slowly, a procession of miserable faces and threadbare coats. When her turn came, the ration officer handed her the allotted food with a cold efficiency. “Two loaves, half a pound of sugar, and a tin of powdered milk,” he recited. The portions seemed to shrink each week, mirroring the dwindling hope in people’s hearts. Holding her meager supplies, Emma hurried through the bombed-out streets, navigating through craters and debris. The city, once vibrant and bustling, now lay in a hushed surrender to scarcity and fear. At home, her family’s small garden offered a sharp contrast to the desolation around. Here, amidst the rows of struggling vegetables, her father labored. “Dad, let me help,” Emma offered, taking the shovel from his weary hands. Together, they dug into the earth, creating a hidden cache for extra food. It was a secret they guarded fiercely, knowing that in times of shortage, even neighbors could turn against each other out of desperation. As they worked, Emma’s mind wandered to the days before the war, when food was abundant and their garden was a source of joy, not just survival. She remembered her mother’s cooking, the aromas that filled their kitchen, the laughter that accompanied their meals. Now, each bite of their bland rations was a reminder of what had been lost. In the evenings, the family gathered around a small table, sharing their rationed food. Conversation flowed, weaving tales of better times, igniting sparks of hope. Emma’s younger brother, Tom, would often ask, “When will we have chocolate again?” It was a question loaded with longing, not just for the sweetness of chocolate but for the return of normalcy. Despite the hardship, they found reasons to smile. Emma’s father would recount stories from his youth, tales of adventure that seemed like fairy tales in their grim surroundings. Her mother would hum old tunes, filling their home with a semblance of warmth and normalcy. As winter deepened, the rations grew scarcer, and the hidden cache in the garden became their lifeline. Each day, Emma and her father would check the hole, ensuring their precious supplies were safe. The hole, a mere cavity in the ground, symbolized their resilience, a refusal to give in to despair. 36. How did the amount of weekly rations appear to change each week? A. Significantly increased. B. Dramatically changed. C. Remained the same D. Decreased each week. 37. The term “hidden cache” in the third paragraph most probably refers to “_____________” A. a treasure map B. a buried capsule C. a secret food storage spot D. a mysterious box 38. The family time at the meal illustrates_____________. A. abundant food showcases the war has unexpectedly brought prosperity to their family B. the family enjoys each other’s company despite the harsh conditions C. meals at the table are silent and rushed, highlighting their fear and anxiety D. the table becomes a place of conflict where family members argue over limited food 39. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Struggle for survival B. Sweetness in bitterness C. Food in threadbare coats D. Chocolate in the memory 【答案】36. D 37. C 38. B 39. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了饱受战争蹂躏的艾玛一家的生存状态，他们为生存而努力，以及对未来的憧憬。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。由第一段中“The portions seemed to shrink each week, mirroring the dwindling hope in people’s hearts. (食物的份额似乎每周都在减少，反映了人们心中希望的减少)”可知，食物配给每周都在减少。故选D项。 【37题详解】 词句猜测题。由第三段中“Together, they dug into the earth, creating a hidden cache for extra food. It was a secret they guarded fiercely (他们一起挖掘泥土，为额外的食物创造了一个hidden cache。这是他们严守的秘密)”和最后一段中“Each day, Emma and her father would check the hole, ensuring their precious supplies were safe. (每天，艾玛和她的父亲都会检查这个洞，确保他们珍贵的物资是安全的)”可知，他们一起挖地，为额外的食物创造了一个隐藏的贮藏处，所以划线词的意思为“一个秘密的食品储藏地点”。故选C项。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。由第六段“Despite the hardship, they found reasons to smile. Emma’s father would recount stories from his youth, tales of adventure that seemed like fairy tales in their grim surroundings. Her mother would hum old tunes, filling their home with a semblance of warmth and normalcy.(尽管困难重重，他们还是找到了微笑的理由。艾玛的父亲会讲述他年轻时的故事，那些在严酷的环境中看起来像童话故事的冒险故事。她的母亲会哼着老歌，让他们的家充满了温暖和正常的气息)”可知，家庭用餐时间表明，尽管条件艰苦，家人仍享受彼此的陪伴。故选B项。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。由第一段中“In the heart of the war-torn city, where buildings stood like wounded soldiers, Emma waited in line for her weekly ration. (在这座饱受战争蹂躏的城市的中心，建筑物像受伤的士兵一样矗立着，艾玛排队等待每周的口粮)”，第五段中“Conversation flowed, weaving tales of better times, igniting sparks of hope. (交谈不断，编织着美好时代的故事，点燃了希望的火花)”和第六段“Despite the hardship, they found reasons to smile. (尽管困难重重，他们还是找到了微笑的理由)”可知，短文叙述了饱受战争蹂躏的艾玛一家的生存状态，他们为生存而努力，以及对未来的憧憬，B项“苦涩中的甜蜜”适合做标题。故选B项。 (B) As a Visa student cardholder, you can gain exclusive benefits when you use your card to book a flight with us between 13 June and 31 October. By using the promo code QRCNVISA on qatarairways. com, or our convenient app, you will receive a host of additional rewards. Be sure to sign up for our Student Club to qualify for extra baggage allowance when you check in. Benefits*: ·10% saving on Economy and Business Class bookings ·One complimentary flight change ·10kg extra baggage allowance ·Qatar Duty Free vouchers worth QAR 50 for Economy Class passengers and QAR 100 for Premium passengers In addition, you can join our lucky draw to win the surprise. The winner will be announced via our official Weibo account. Designated flight. cetion upgrade: one winner(2 in total)will be born on each flight originating from Hangzhou and Guangzhou to get the upgrade. ·Doha Hamad International Airport Lounge Voucher : two winners(4 in total)will be selected from each flight originating from Hangzhou and Guangzhou to get the voucher. ·Terms and conditions apply. Your exclusive benefits include: 40. What benefit can a Visa student cardholder get according to the passage? A. Being able to be upgraded to the first class. B. Discounted duty-free products. C. 10kg extra baggage allowance without any registration. D. 10% saving on Economy Class booking all year around. 41. What can we learn about the lucky draw? A. Winners will receive notifications on qatarairways. com B. Two winners will get the upgrade on the flight from Doha Hamad. C. Two winners can share their benefits with their companions before boarding. D. Lucky draw conditions doesn’t apply to the flight departing from Shanghai. 42. Who might be most interested in the passage? A. Business managers heading for Qatar. B. Students with Visa cards from Hangzhou. C. Tourists intending to visit Hangzhou. D. Passengers departing from Doha. 【答案】40. B 41. D 42. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍Visa学生卡持有人在6月13日至10月31日期间使用卡片预订航班，可享受经济舱和商务舱10%折扣等独家优惠，并有机会参与抽奖。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据Benefits部分的第四行“Qatar Duty Free vouchers worth QAR 50 for Economy Class passengers and QAR 100 for Premium passengers (卡塔尔免税券，经济舱乘客价值50卡塔尔里亚尔，高级舱乘客价值100卡塔尔里亚尔)”可知，作为Visa学生卡持卡人，不同等级的乘客获得价值不等的卡塔尔免税券，即乘客可以获得折扣免税产品。故选B项。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In addition, you can join our lucky draw to win the surprise. The winner will be announced via our official Weibo account. (此外，您还可以参加我们的抽奖活动，赢取惊喜。获奖者将通过我们的官方微博账号公布。)”下的第二段“Doha Hamad International Airport Lounge Voucher : two winners(4 in total)will be selected from each flight originating from Hangzhou and Guangzhou to get the voucher. (多哈哈马德国际机场贵宾室代金券：每架从杭州和广州出发的航班将选出两名获奖者（共4名）获得代金券。)”可知，幸运抽奖条件不适用于从上海出发的航班。故选D项。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“As a Visa student cardholder, you can gain exclusive benefits when you use your card to book a flight with us between 13 June and 31 October. (作为Visa学生卡持卡人，您可以在6月13日至10月31日期间使用您的卡预订我们的航班，从而获得独家优惠。)”和第一段中“Be sure to sign up for our Student Club to qualify for extra baggage allowance when you check in. (请务必注册我们的学生俱乐部，以便在办理入住手续时获得额外的行李限额。)”以及“In addition, you can join our lucky draw to win the surprise. The winner will be announced via our official Weibo account. (此外，您还可以参加我们的抽奖活动，赢取惊喜。获奖者将通过我们的官方微博账号公布。)”下的第二段“Doha Hamad International Airport Lounge Voucher : two winners(4 in total)will be selected from each flight originating from Hangzhou and Guangzhou to get the voucher. (多哈哈马德国际机场贵宾室代金券：每架从杭州和广州出发的航班将选出两名获奖者（共4名）获得代金券。)”可知，文章主要介绍了Visa学生卡持卡人在特定时间段内使用卡片预订航班可以获得的优惠和奖励，幸运抽奖条件适用于从杭州和广州出发的航班，因此，最可能对这篇文章感兴趣的是“Students with Visa cards from Hangzhou. (持有杭州Visa卡的学生。)”。故选B项。 (C) Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people’s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kins and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. However, in recent years a growing body of research has revealed that the “obvious” is not true. It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else. Even in very large cities, people maintain close social ties within small, private social worlds. Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. Yet city dwellers compensate by developing friendships with people who share similar interests and activities. Urbanism may produce a different style of life, but the quality of life does not differ between town and city. Nor are residents of large communities any likelier to display psychological symptoms of stress or alienation, a feeling of not belonging, than are residents of smaller communities. However, city dwellers do worry more about crime, and this leads them to a distrust of strangers. These findings do not imply that urbanism makes little or no difference. If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young troublemakers. Moreover, as Wirth suggested, there may be a link between a community’s population size and its social diversity. For instance, sociologists have found much evidence that the size of a community is associated with bad behavior including gambling, drugs, etc. Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan (见多识广的) outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. Everything considered, heterogeneity and unusual behavior seem to be outcomes of large population size. 43. According to paragraph 1, it was once a common belief that people in modern society __________. A tended to acquaint themselves with people passing by B. usually had more friends than small-town residents C. bore great responsibilities to neighbors and relatives D. could not develop very close relationships with others 44. One of the consequences of urbanism is that the city residents __________. A. lower the quality of relationships B. show little concern for strangers C. suffer from the lack of friendship D. the better its quality of life is 45. We can learn from the passage that the bigger a community is, __________. A. the more likely it is to display stress B. the more open-minded people are C. the more similar its interests are D. the better its quality of life is 46. What is the passage mainly about? A. Minor differences in the interpersonal relations between cities and towns. B. The positive role that urbanism has been playing in our modern society. C. Advantages and disadvantages of living in big cities or small towns. D. The strong feeling of alienation that city inhabitants are suffering. 【答案】43. D 44. B 45. B 46. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲的是城市与小镇人际关系的微小区别。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Not too many decades ago it seemed “obvious” both to the general public and to sociologists that modern society has changed people’s natural relations, loosened their responsibilities to kins and neighbors, and substituted in their place superficial relationships with passing acquaintances. (几十年前，在大众和社会学家看来，现代社会已经改变了人们的自然关系，放松了他们对亲戚和邻居的责任，用过路的熟人代替了表面的关系，这似乎是“显而易见的”)”可知，一般大众与社会学家都认为亲人、邻居之间的关系变得淡薄，只与一些普通的熟人打交道，即无法与他人建立非常密切的关系。故选D项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Small-town residents are more involved with kin than are big-city residents. (小城镇的居民比大城市的居民亲属关系更紧密)”和第三段中“If neighbors are strangers to one another, they are less likely to sweep the sidewalk of an elderly couple living next door or keep an eye out for young troublemakers. (如果邻居之间互不相识，他们就不太可能为住在隔壁的老夫妇清扫人行道，也不太可能留意年轻的捣乱分子)”可知，城市化的后果之一是城市居民相对小镇居民不够关心他人。故选B项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Large-city urbanites are also more likely than their small-town counterparts to have a cosmopolitan (见多识广的) outlook, to display less responsibility to traditional kinship roles, to vote for leftist political candidates, and to be tolerant of nontraditional religious groups, unpopular political groups, and so-called undesirables. (大城市的都市人也比小城镇的都市人更有可能具有世界主义的观点，对传统的亲属角色表现出较少的责任感，投票给左翼政治候选人，对非传统宗教团体、不受欢迎的政治团体和所谓的不受欢迎的人更宽容)”可知，城市居民比小镇居民更见多识广，更支持左翼政治候选人，更能宽容非传统的宗教团体等，这说明他们思想更开放。故选B项。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。本文第一段是中心段，第一段中“It seems that if you are a city resident, you typically know a smaller proportion of your neighbors than you do if you are a resident of a smaller community. But, for the most part, this fact has few significant consequences. It does not necessarily follow that if you know few of your neighbors you will know no one else. (似乎如果你是一个城市居民，你认识的邻居比例通常比你是一个小社区的居民要小。但在大多数情况下，这一事实几乎没有什么重大后果。这并不是说如果你不认识你的邻居，你就不认识其他人)”，第二段中“Indeed, the number and quality of meaningful relationships do not differ between more and less urban people. (事实上，有意义关系的数量和质量在或多或少的城市人之间没有差异)”结合下文对城镇人际关系的介绍可知，文章主要讲述了城镇之间人际关系的微小差异。故选A项。 (D) Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Going to extremes James Kevin recently jumped out of a plane over a mountain, and then snow boarded down it. ____47____ You might think James is crazy, but he’s one of a growing number of extreme sports fans. These sports are being invented and developed all the time. And one thing they all share is high risk factor. Why would anyone want to take such risks and push themselves beyond their limits? One popular theory is that extreme sports have evolved as a reaction to our increasingly safe lifestyles. In the past, just staying alive and finding enough food to eat was a daily challenge but now in most developed countries, that is no longer the case. ___48___ In developing countries where life is more difficult and people’s time is dedicated to the basics of day-to-day living or simply surviving, there is no time, inclination or necessity for them. Another theory argues that extreme sports attract adrenaline junkies. ____49____ Adrenaline is a chemical released in the body as a response to stress and danger, but for some people, the feeling gives a heightened sense of being alive, a feeling they want to experience again and again. For some athletes, reaching the same goal many times doesn’t bring the same excitement or satisfaction as before. For this reason, they need a big risk, a new target to reach and extreme sports are the perfect solution. However, for psychologist Eric Brymer, neither of these theories is accurate. Having interviewed many extreme sports men and women, he doesn’t believe they are thrill-seekers who risk their lives for an adrenaline high, or people who find modern life too safe so feel the need to take risks. ___50___ They understand the environment, task, and their own level of skill and ability-emotional, physical and psychological- so well that for them the focus is on controlling all these things and developing as individuals. Extremes sports are their way of enjoying life to the full and being the best they can be. They are expressing a wish for life, not a foolish death wish- something they cannot do in their normal work roles. It seems that extreme sports participants may have been given a bad press. Whichever theory you believe, you may be able to benefit from some extreme sports. They aren’t all as dangerous as base jumping. So why not give one a go？ A. Critics say that these foolhardy people endanger themselves and others and should therefore have to pay for their own treatment. B. These are people who do them for the danger, because they get an adrenaline rush and feel a “high” when they participate. C. Last year he tried base jumping and whitewater kayaking. D. Not everyone enjoys the thrill of extreme sports-- for some people that are a terrifying experience. E. In contrast, his research shows that for participants risk-taking doesn’t come into it at all. F. As a result, some people feel that need to experience the thrill of risk-taking to counteract this. 【答案】47. C 48. F 49. B 50. E 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，由极限运动迷James Kevin入手分析了人们热衷于极限运动的原因。 【47题详解】 前文提到James Kevin 最近完成了一项挑战，后文说他是极限运动迷，通过后文的These 可以看出前文是要出现除了snow boarded down以外的极限运动方式， 根据作者的行文思路可知答案是C（去年他尝试过跳垒和皮划艇）。 【48题详解】 前文提到在过去，仅仅活着，找到足够的食物来吃是每天都要面对的挑战，但现在在大多数发达国家，情况已经不是这样了，从此及说的是这种改变带来的结果，所以答案是F（因此，有些人觉得需要体验冒险的刺激来抵消这一点）。 【49题详解】 根据前文的“Another theory argues that extreme sports attract adrenaline junkies.”可知，另一种理论认为极限运动会吸引肾上腺素上瘾者，此处承接上文，讲的是极限运动和肾上腺素的关系，B项中的these 指示代词指代上文出现的extreme sports，再结合选项里出现的attract adrenaline junkies 可知答案是B（这些人是为了危险才这么做的，因为当他们参与进来时，他们会感到肾上腺素激增，感到兴奋）。 【50题详解】 前文说他不相信人们是为了肾上腺素过高而冒生命危险寻求刺激，也不相信他们觉得现代生活太安全，所以觉得有必要冒险，后文又说他们了解环境、任务以及自己的技能和能力水平，包括情感、生理和心理方面，因此对他们来说，重点是控制所有这些事情并作为个人发展 ，所以前后是对比的关系，所以答案是E（与此相反，他的研究表明，对于参与者来说，冒险根本不算什么）。 IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. What do We Know About “Mathephobia” Mathematician Mary de Lellis Gough, who often observed her struggling students fail to work out mathematical problems, coined the term ‘mathephobia’ in 1953. She described it as “a disease that proves fatal before its presence is detected”. Other experts have defined it as “the panic, helplessness and mental disorganization that arises among some people when they are required to solve a mathematical problem” and “a general fear of contact with mathematics”. Sian Beilock a cognitive scientist and her colleagues of Barnard College in New York have shown that math anxiety can start as soon as we enter formal schooling. “Math is one of the first places in school in western cultures where we really learn about whether we got something right or wrong, and are exposed to being evaluated in timed tests.” Girls may be more prone to it than boys. Primary school teachers often have high levels of math anxiety, says Beilock, and in the US and elsewhere, they are mostly female. Since young children tend to identify with adults of the same gender, this means girls are more likely to pick up math anxiety from their female teachers. Having a female teacher with math anxiety makes girls more likely to believe gendered stereotypes about math, leading to poorer achievement. “Once you have it, it can be self-lasting. Worrying about it can make it worse.” says Beilock, whose study of children between the ages of five and eight suggests math anxiety might weaken performance by burdening working memory. “As our ability to focus limited, our attention gets divided when we do more than one task at a time.” she says. “If you’re worried about having to do math, you may have an internal monologue saying you can’t do this and at the same time you’re trying to calculate numbers.” When people have math anxiety, they tend to avoid the subject, as researchers from 2019 show. But since math builds on itself, avoiding it makes it harder to catch up. “Math is foundational. If you miss a certain idea, it’s harder to learn the next one.” says Darcy Hallett. “And then you can fall behind, which might make math more of a targeted anxiety compared to other topics.” ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Mathephobia is defined as a general fear of solving maths problems, which usually starts at school and is revealed through tests. Girls develop mathephobia more easily under the influence of math- anxious female teachers. Children suffer poor performance in math when burdened with worry over it. Furthermore, attempt to evade the problem may worsen the situation. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，数学恐惧症被定义为对解决数学问题的普遍恐惧。它通常从学校开始，通过测试被发现。在对数学焦虑的女教师的影响下，女生更容易产生数学恐惧症。孩子们在数学上的表现很差，因为他们对数学感到忧虑。此外，试图逃避问题可能会使情况恶化。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Other experts have defined it as “the panic, helplessness and mental disorganization that arises among some people when they are required to solve a mathematical problem” and “a general fear of contact with mathematics”. ②Sian Beilock, a cognitive scientist and her colleagues of Barnard College in New York have shown that math anxiety can start as soon as we enter formal schooling. “Math is one of the first places in school in western cultures where we really learn about whether we got something right or wrong, and are exposed to being evaluated in timed tests.” ③Girls may be more prone to it than boys. Primary school teachers often have high levels of math anxiety, says Beilock, and in the US and elsewhere, they are mostly female. Since young children tend to identify with adults of the same gender, this means girls are more likely to pick up math anxiety from their female teachers. ④“Once you have it, it can be self-lasting. Worrying about it can make it worse.” says Beilock, whose study of children between the ages of five and eight suggests math anxiety might weaken performance by burdening working memory. ⑤When people have math anxiety, they tend to avoid the subject, as researchers from 2019 show. But since math builds on itself, avoiding it makes it harder to catch up. 2.缜密构思 将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将3、4、5三个要点进行重组。 3.遣词造句 Mathephobia is defined as a general fear of solving maths problems, which usually starts at school and is revealed through tests. Girls develop mathephobia more easily under the influence of math- anxious female teachers. Children suffer poor performance in math when burdened with worry over it. Furthermore, attempt to evade the problem may worsen the situation. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Mathephobia is defined as a general fear of solving maths problems, which usually starts at school and is revealed through tests.（运用一个复杂的主从复合句对原文第一段和第二段进行了概括，其中which引导的非限制性定语从句表达高级) [高分句型2] Children suffer poor performance in math when burdened with worry over it.（用when引导的时间状语从句对第四段进行了概括，从句中省略了“主语+be动词”，表达非常高级） V. Translation: (15%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 我们已经很久没有看过如此绚烂的迪士尼烟花秀了。(It) (汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】It has been a long time since we saw/watched such a splendid Disney fireworks display/show. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和固定句型。It is/has been +一段时间段 + since +一般过去吋，意为意为“自从……至今已经多久了”，句子描述的是从过去到现在的时间段，应用现在完成时，使用It has been a long time since…结构表示，“我们”译为we，“看过”用see/watch (看)用一般过去时，“如此绚烂的”译为such a splendid，“迪士尼烟花秀”译为Disney fireworks display/show。故翻译为：It has been a long time since we saw/watched such a splendid Disney fireworks display/show. 53. 这起事故及时提醒人们走路不要看手机。(reminder)(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The accident serves as a timely reminder that people shouldn’t look at their mobile phones while walking. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语、时态。因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时。“这起事故”可译为 the accident；“作为一个……的提醒”短语为 serve as a...reminder，这里表示“及时的提醒”，用形容词timely修饰reminder；“人们走路不要看手机”在句中作reminder的同位语从句，对其内容进行解释说明，从句不缺成分且意思完整，应用 that 引导，“走路”可译为状语从句的省略while walking，“不要看手机”可译为shouldn’t look at their mobile phones。故翻译为The accident serves as a timely reminder that people shouldn’t look at their mobile phones while walking. 54. 参观博物馆或游学已成为快速发展的社会风尚，显著提升了热门博物馆的客流量。(which)(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Visiting a museum or going on a study tour has become a fast developing social trend, which has significantly increased footfalls/the number of visitors at major popular museums. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和定语从句。描述过去的动作对现在造成的结果，影响，句子应用现在完成时。“参观博物馆”visit a museum，visit用动名词形式作主语，位于句首首字母大写，“或”or，连接并列主语，谓语动词单复数与后者保持一致，“游学”go on a study tour，go用动名词形式，与visiting并列，单个动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数，“成为”become，用现在完成时态has become，后接表语“快速发展的社会风尚”a fast developing social trend，后面用which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词trend，which在从句中作主语，谓语动词用单数形式，“显著地”significantly，谓语“提升”increase，用现在完成时态has increased，宾语“客流量”footfalls或the number of visitors，后接介词短语“在热门博物馆”at major popular museums作后置定语。故翻译为Visiting a museum or going on a study tour has become a fast developing social trend, which has significantly increased footfalls/the number of visitors at major popular museums. 55. 游戏《黑神话悟空》(Black Myth: Wukong)以世界级水准讲述中国故事，彰显大制作游戏在华潜力，激励业界拓宽创作视野。(succeed)(汉译英) _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The game Black Myth: Wukong succeeded in telling Chinese stories with world-class quality, demonstrating the potential of big-budget games in China and inspiring the industry to broaden its creative horizons. The game Black Myth: Wukong succeeded in telling China’s story with world-class quality, which has proved the viability of blockbuster game in China and encouraged other developers to think big. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、非谓语动词和定语从句。“游戏《黑神话悟空》(Black Myth: Wukong)以世界级水准讲述中国故事”事情已发生，谓语动词短语succeed in doing sth. (成功地做某事)用一般过去时，tell Chinese stories (讲述中国故事)用动名词形式作宾语，with world-class quality (以世界级水准)，“彰显大制作游戏在华潜力，激励业界拓宽创作视野”可用非谓语动词形式表达，非谓语动词demonstrate (显露)和inspire (激励)与The game Black Myth: Wukong是逻辑主谓关系，demonstrate和inspire用现在分词形式作状语，the potential of (……的潜力)，big-budget games (大制作游戏)，inspire sb./sth. to do sth. (激励某人/某事做某事)，broaden one’s horizons (开阔眼界)，creative (创造性的)；“彰显大制作游戏在华潜力，激励业界拓宽创作视野”也可用非限制性定语从句表达，先行词为主句内容说的事情，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导，从句谓语动词prove (证明)和encourage (鼓励)用现在完成时表明过去动作对现在产生的影响，the viability of (……的活力)，blockbuster game (大制作游戏)，encourage sb. to do sth. (激励某人做某事)，developer (开发者)，think big (雄心勃勃、志向远大)，再结合其它汉语提示，故翻译为：The game Black Myth: Wukong succeeded in telling Chinese stories with world-class quality, demonstrating the potential of big-budget games in China and inspiring the industry to broaden its creative horizons. / The game Black Myth: Wukong succeeded in telling China’s story with world-class quality, which has proved the viability of blockbuster game in China and encouraged other developers to think big. VI. Guided Writing(25%) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 76. 近期，你的英语老师发现部分同学使用文心一言(Ernie Bot)等 Al工具来完成英语翻译和写作，认为该行为不仅仅涉及学术诚信，还影响学生学习效果，这引发了大家对于如何用好高科技工具的思考。 请你结合自身经历，在班会课上发表演讲。你的发言需包括： 1. 你对在学习中使用 AI工具的看法。 2. 结合自身经历，陈述理由。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Undoubtedly, remarkable AI-powered tools have offered convenient translation services at affordable costs. This technological progress raises valid concerns about the job security of individuals in language-related professions and the meaning of language learning. However, for younger generations, language is not only a skill but also a growth mindset. Despite the convenience AI brings, practical experiences reveal its limitations. These tools heavily rely on internet connectivity, are prone to system failures, and may generate inaccurate answers. Plus, people who are not proficient in a language might fail to tell the difference between high-quality translations and misleading versions. Moreover, the profound benefits of learning a foreign language extend beyond mere translation. Language acquisition fosters cognitive skills, cultural understanding, and personal growth. Learning another language opens a window for us to see a wider world and understand a different culture. Rather than viewing AI as a threat, we can leverage its capabilities as language learning tools and work assistants. AI tools will probably enhance efficiency for language professionals instead of replacing them. Students can also tap the advantage of an AI tutor to personalize learning. In conclusion, the need to learn foreign languages persists in the face of AI advancements. Instead of fearing job displacement, embracing AI as a workmate will help us adapt to a future fueled by technology. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇演讲稿。要求考生就文心一言(Ernie Bot)等 Al工具使用的话题写一篇发言稿，发表自己的意见，并结合自身经历，陈述理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提供：offer→provide 依靠：rely on→depend on 把……当做：view...as→treat...as 此外：moreover→ what’s more 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Undoubtedly, remarkable AI-powered tools have offered convenient translation services at affordable costs. 拓展句：Undoubtedly, remarkable tools, which are AI-powered, have offered convenient translation services at affordable costs. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Plus, people who are not proficient in a language might fail to tell the difference between high-quality translations and misleading versions. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句) [高分句型2]Learning another language opens a window for us to see a wider world and understand a different culture. (运用了动名词短语作主语) 听力答案： 1-5 CACBD 6-10 DAAAB 11-13 ABD 14-16 BCB 17-20 CCDB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$