内容正文:
第二部分 语法知识精讲练
专题十 主从复合句
考点1 宾语从句
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在复合句中充当宾语的从句叫作宾语从句。其结构是:主语 +谓语 +宾语从句(引导词 +从
句)。针对宾语从句,考生需掌握宾语从句的三要素:引导词、语序、时态。
宾语从句的结构
宾语从句的三要素
三要素 引导词/用法 例句
引导词
that,在从句中无意义,不充当句子成分,在口语中常可省略 Ibelieve(that)youwilsucceed.
if/whether(是否),不作句子成分,但不能省略
Idontknowif/whethermysisterwil
cometotheparty.
what(什么),which(哪一个),who(谁,作主语),whom
(谁,作宾语),whose(谁的,作定语)等连接代词在从句中
作成分,如主语、宾语、定语等
Lisawonderswhatsheshoulddonext.
Doyouknowwhosecoatitis?
where(哪里),when(何时),why(为什么),how(如何)等
连接副词在从句中作状语
Jessiehasntdecidedwhenshewilleave
forParis.
语序 陈述句语序:主语+谓语+其他
IwonderhowJimcametoschoolthis
morning.
时态
主句:现在的某种时态;
从句:根据实际情况使用相应时态(需要性原则)
IrememberLindacameheretwo
daysago.
主句:过去的某种时态;
从句:过去的某种时态(呼应性原则)
Johntoldmehehadfinishedhis
homework.
从句若为客观事实、真理、自然现象等,不管主句使用
什么时态,从句都用一般现在时(特殊性原则)
Ourgeographyteachertoldusthat
theearthtravelsaroundthesun.
351
众相原创 赋能中考 贵州英语(RJ)
檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪
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①宾语从句在介词之后或宾语从句引导词后接ornot时,引导词只能用whether,不能用if。如:
IcantdecidewhetherornotIwilgotoyourbirthdayparty.
②宾语从句的否定前移:在宾语从句中,当主语为第一人称,主句的谓语动词为think,believe,expect,
imagine,suppose等且无其他修饰语时,从句中表示否定意义的not应移到这些词之前。如:
Idontthinktheansweriscorect.
③如果复合句中宾语从句很长,可以用it作形式宾语,以免句子头重脚轻。如:
Thisbosshasmadeitclearthathewiltryhisbesttohelpthosepoorstudents.
④当what,who,which在宾语从句中作主语时,该句型语序不变。如:
Idontknowwhatswrong/themater/thetroublewithhim.
Idontknowwhathappenedtohim.
Idontknowwhichisthewaytohishome.
!",-
1.(2024遵义三模)专家告诉了我们怎样才能与父
母好好相处。
Theexperttoldushow get
onwelwithourparents.
2.许多学生想知道为什么他们需要参加关于压
力的讲座。
Manystudentswonder need
toatendthelectureonpressure.
3.新闻可以告诉我们世界各地正在发生的事情。
Newscanteluswhat
aroundtheworld.
4.老师告诉我们四分之三的地球都被水覆盖。
Theteachertoldusthatthreequartersofour
earth bywater.
5.因为这是她第一次来中国,她不知道她是否能
理解中文。
Shewonderedifshe Chi
nesebecauseitwasherfirsttimetocometoChi
na.
6.讲座结束后,我们还问李老师贵州哪里可以看
到苗族服饰。
Whenthelectureisover,weaskMissLiwhere
seetheMiaocostumesin
Guizhou.
7.我认为这个机器人的质量不合格,所以我要
退回。
I therobotisuptostand
ard,soIwanttoreturnittoyou.
8.(2024扬州改编)Teenagersdontalwaysunder
stand theirparentshavesomany
rules.
9.(2024武汉改编)Thesaying“Knowledgestarts
withpractice.”telsus wecanget
knowledge.
10.(2024广西改编)—Couldyoupleasetelme
youusualyspendyourholiday?
—Inmyhometown.
11.(2024连云港改编)—John,canyoutelme
youwildointhefuture?
—Iwanttobeafootbalplayer.
12.—Excuseme,couldyoupleasetelme
thedentistwilcomeback?
—NextFriday.
13.Dianaisntsure Betywilcome
ornot.
14.Theteachertoldthechildrenthatthesun
(come)upintheeasteverymorning.
15.Myclassmatesaidthatthere (wil)
beanEnglishtesttomorow.
16.Mostofthestudentsthinkthreeyearsofjunior
highschoollife (be)notlong.
17.Idontthinkthisyelowdressrealy
(suit)
me.Thecoloristoobright.
451
第二部分 语法知识精讲练
考点2 状语从句
[完形第一节:贵州2023.32;补全英语译文:贵阳2021.51]
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在复合句中,起状语作用的从句叫作状语从句。考生需注意状语从句的引导词及时态。
类型 从属连词(词组) 注意
时间状
语从句
when/as当……时
while当……时
after在……之后
before在……之前
until/til直到……
since自从
assoonas一……就……
whenever无论何时
1.若since引导的从句用一般过去时,主句常用现在完成时,但是
在“Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since从句”中,主句用一般现在时或
现在完成时均可;
2.若主句用一般将来时,when,assoonas引导的从句常用一般
现在时表将来;
3.若主句是祈使句或含情态动词时,从句用一般现在时表将来;
4.until与til通常可互换使用,但是 til不用于句首;not爥until/
til爥直到……才……
条件状
语从句
if如果
unless除非,如果不
aslongas只要
once一旦
1.若主句用一般将来时,if,unless,aslongas引导的从句常用一
般现在时表将来;
2.若主句是祈使句或含情态动词时,从句用一般现在时表将来。
让步状
语从句
though/although尽管,虽然
eventhough/if即使
while虽然,尽管
whatever无论什么
wherever无论哪里
whoever无论是谁
1.although,though,eventhough,evenif均不能和but连用,但是
可以和yet或stil连用;
2.whatever=nomaterwhat;wherever=nomaterwhere;whoever
=nomaterwho
原因状
语从句
because因为 as由于
since既然
because,since和as都不能和so连用
结果状
语从句
so/such爥that爥
如此……以至于……
so强调的是形容词或副词,such强调的是名词,当名词前有many,
much,few,litle等词时,只能用so爥that爥
目的状
语从句
sothat以便
inorderthat为了
两者可互换使用
方式状
语从句
as正如
asif似乎
/
551
众相原创 赋能中考 贵州英语(RJ)
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5
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1.(2023贵州完形第一节32题改编)However,
theweatherstayscoldanddry,thewonder
fuliceandsnowfestivalwilgoonforafewmore
days.
2.(2022遵义74题) thejourneyisfulof
risks,theyspendahappyandsurprisingvaca
tion.
3.(2021贵阳51题)王老师对学生们很耐心,因此
受到学生们的喜爱。
MissWangis patientwithherstudents
theylikeheralot.
!",-
4.(2024安顺一模)贵州有如此多美丽而又著名的
桥,以至于每一座我都想去看看。
Thereare beautifulandfa
mousbridgesinGuizhouthatIwanttoseeevery
oneofthem.
5.(2024遵义播州区二模)不管有多难,董宇辉都没
有放弃。
Nomater ,DongYuhui
nevergivesup.
6.我上了初中才习惯每天早上跑步。
I getusedtorunningeverymorning
Ienteredjuniorhighschool.
7.当他长大后,他想成为一名艺术家。
Heisgoingtobeanartistwhenhe
.
8.虽然他已经失败过很多次了,但他总是对未来
充满了希望。
hasfailedmanytimes,heis
alwaysfulofhopeforthefuture.
9.学生应该花时间在学业上,以便他们能够取得
好成绩并进入好的大学。
Studentsshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolwork
theycangetgoodgrades
andgetintoagooduniversity.
10.如果我们付出努力,机会就会到来。
Opportunities come we
makeoureforts.
11.朋友不在于多,只要他们好。
Youdontneedalotoffriends
astheyaregood.
12.除非麦克好好准备,否则他不会通过这次英
语考试。
MikeprepareswelfortheEnglish
test,he passit.
13.萨姆离开学校后一直在一家银行工作。
Samhasworkedinabanksince
school.
14.他的书桌一片狼藉,以至于他浪费很多时间
找东西。
Hisdeskwasin amessthat
wastedmuchtimelookingforthings.
15.(2024河北改编)Jefstilworkshard he
hasachievedgreatsuccess.
16.(2024连云港改编)Ourschoollifeismoreinter
estingnow wecanenjoyourselvesin
diferentclubs.
17.“ youdo,Ilsupportyouforever.”
mymotheralwayssays.
18.Althoughyouareworied,youstilneedtowait
tomorowtogettheresult.
19.TolearnEnglishwel,wemustbepatient.
thesayinggoes,“Romewasntbuilt
inaday.”
20.Thereisstilalongwaytogo wefin
ishthetask.Letsgoonwithittogether.
651
第二部分 语法知识精讲练
考点3 定语从句
[补全英语译文:贵州2023.72,贵阳2022.52]
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在复合句中作定语的从句叫定语从句,被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,先行词通常位于定语从
句之前。初中阶段需要掌握由关系代词that,which,who,whom引导的定语从句。
定语从句的结构
定语从句的关系词及其用法
关系词 可作成分 先行词 例句
that 主语、宾语 人、物
Ilovemoviesthatarefunny.(作主语)
Everything(that)youlearnbecomespartofyouandchangesyou.(作宾语可省略)
which 主语、宾语 物
Thebookwhichisonthetableismine.(作主语)
Ilneverforgetthedays(which)wespenttogether.(作宾语可省略)
who 主语、宾语 人 Idliketocongratulatealthestudentswhoareheretoday.
whom 宾语 人 Hestheboy(whom)Italkedwithjustnow.
关系代词指代物,只能用that,不能用which的情况:
1.先行词为不定代词anything,nothing,al,much,few,any,litle等或theone时。如:
IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?
2.先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。如:
ThisisthefirstbookthatIbought.
3.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时。如:
TheonlythingthatIwanttodoistohaveagoodrest.
4.先行词既有人又有物时。如:
Thefilmstarandherfilmthatyoujusttalkedaboutarerealywelknown.
5.当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。如:
Whichisthehotelthatyoulikebest?
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5
'()*+
1.(2023贵州72题)中国科学家屠呦呦发现了一
种治疗疟疾的有效药物。
TuYouyouistheChinesescientist
anefectivedrugagainstmalaria.
2.(2022贵阳52题)孔子是一位对中国教育有着
深远影响的思想家。
Confuciusisathinker afar
reachinginfluenceonChineseeducation.
3.(2022安顺短文填空 89题)Hewastheone
openedupprivateschoolsandre
ceivedstudentsfromeverywalkoflifewithout
consideringtheirsocialstatus(地位).
!",-
典型题
4.(2024毕节三模)《奢香夫人》这首流行歌曲让毕
节风靡全国。
MadameShexiangisapopularsong
BijiewelknowninChina.
5.(2024遵义二模)袁隆平是一位帮助中国人民摆
脱饥饿的伟大科学家。
YuanLongpingisagreatscientist
Chinesepeopletolivewithouthunger.
6.(2024贵阳花溪区二模)中国是一个有着悠久历
史和灿烂文化的国家。
Chinaisacountry along
historyandcolorfulculture.
751
众相原创 赋能中考 贵州英语(RJ)
7.人而无信,不知其可也。
People nocreditdonot
knowwhatispossible.
8.世上无难事,只要肯攀登。
Nothingisdificulttotheman
try.
9.那首用二胡演奏的乐曲尤其使我感动。
Thepieceofmusic played
ontheerhuespecialymovedme.
10.我会记得那些当我需要他们,他们总是在那
里的重要的人。
Iwilremembertheimportantpeople
alwaystherewhenIneedthem.
11.潘展乐是一个所有中国人都为他感到自豪的
年轻游泳运动员。
PanZhanleisayoungswimmer
altheChineseareproud.
12.我永远不会忘记去年夏天我们在志愿者工作
中的经历。
Ilneverforgettheexperiences
inthevolunteerworklastsummer.
13.父母是我们在任何时候遇到困难时可以倾诉
的人。
Parentsarethepersons can
talkwithwhenwehavesomedificultiesatany
time.
14.篮球是一项需要团队精神的运动。
Basketbalisasport team
spirit.
15.(2024长春改编)Asasciencelover,IhopeIcan
inventabike canflyinthesky.
16.(2024泸州改编)Atruefriendisaperson
wilalwaysbetheretoshareyour
laughterandtears.
17.Thisisthebeach hasthemostbeauti
fulwhitesandintheworld.
18.Ifwestudyhardwithbigdreams,thereisnoth
ing cantbeachieved.
19.Iwastheonlystudent hasbeento
thatcountry.
加练题
20.(2024贵阳白云区二模)《上春山》
是一首关于春天的动听的歌曲。
Shangchunshanisabeautifulsong
aboutspring.
21.国家反诈中心是一个有助于防止我们被欺骗
的应用程序。
TheNationalAntiFraudCenterisanapp
preventusbeingcheated.
22.我认为李白写的诗很美。
Ithinkthepoems writen
byLiBaiarebeautiful.
23.贵阳是以美景闻名于全国的城市之一。
Guiyangisoneofthecities
famousforbeautifulsceneryaloverthecoun
try.
24.杰森真的很喜欢他在课堂活动上拍的照片。
Jasonrealylikesthepictures
tookduringtheclassactivity.
25.至于学习英语,经常读的学生比不读的学生
做得更好。
AsforlearningEnglish,studentswhoreadalot
candomuchbeterthanthose
.
26.学生们通常收集从树上掉下来的叶子。
Studentsusualycolecttheleaves
falenfromthetrees.
27.杜甫是一位著名的中国诗人,他受到世界各
地许多人的喜爱。
DuFuisafamousChinesepoet
popularwithmanypeoplearoundthe
world.
28.他们永远不会忘记他们在中国参观过的那些
人和建筑。
Theylneverforgetthepeopleandbuildings
they inChina.
29.我找不到我昨天从图书馆借来的一本关于著
名运动员的书。
Icantfindthebookaboutfamoussportsmen
I fromthelibraryyester
day.
30.Thestudentsinthatcolegeweresoexcitedbe
causetheirteacherisoneoftheastronauts
havejustreturnedfromouterspace.
31.Thenew5Gmobilephone wasdevel
opedbyHuaweiCompanyselswel.
32.Indificulttimes,therearealwaysnational
heroes stepupandbringpeople
hope.
33.Theyounglady wemetyesterdayis
ournewEnglishteacher.
34.Thefirstthing hewildotonightisto
calhismum.
851
贵州英语(RJ)
9.The 10.the 11.A 12.the 13.an 14.a 15.a
16.an 17.the 18.an 19.the 20.a
23&,D6
1.B 2.first 3.sixteenth 4.one/athird 5.thefirst
6.twometers 7.thousandvisitors 8.milionsof 9.his
forties 10.the1740s 11.second 12.fortieth 13.twenti
eth 14.first 15.nineties 16.hundredth 17.twice
18.third
23/,EFG
考点1 祈使句
1.Dontrun 2.Dontride 3.Letstake 4.Preparefor
5.Dontbe 6.bringback 7.Dontspeak 8.Becareful
9.Studyhard 10.Pleasekeep/stay 11.Neverforget
12.Dontstand
考点2 感叹句
1.Whata 2.How 3.Whata 4.Whatbeautiful 5.How
lucky 6.Whatan 7.Howdelicious 8.hewas 9.How
important 10.Howwel 11.Whatuseful 12.Howkind
13.Whatbad 14.Whata 15.Howbeautifuly 16.What
17.How 18.What 19.How 20.What 21.How
22.What
考点3 Therebe句型
1.Thereare 2.Thereare 3.wilbe 4.therewere
5.Arethere 6.Thereis 7.Therewil 8.tobe 9.There
arent 10.was 11.is
230,HIJKG
1.but 2.and 3.and 4.and 5.but 6.or 7.and
8.so 9.and 10.or 11.nor 12.but 13.or 14.and
15.or 16.but 17.so 18.and 19.but 20.while
23L,MNJKG
考点1 宾语从句
1.wecould 2.whythey 3.ishappening 4.iscovered
5.couldunderstand 6.wewil/can 7.dontthink 8.why
9.how 10.where 11.what 12.when 13.whether
14.comes 15.would 16.is 17.suits
考点2 状语从句
1.if 2.Although/Though 3.so;that 4.somany 5.how
dificult/hard 6.didnt;until 7.growsup 8.Although/
Thoughhe 9.sothat 10.wil;if 11.aslong
12.Unless;wont 13.heleft 14.such;he
15.although/though 16.because 17.Whatever
18.until/til 19.As 20.before
考点3 定语从句
1.who/thatdiscovered 2.whohas/whosgot 3.who/that
4.which/thatmakes 5.who/thathelps 6.which/thathas
7.who/thathave 8.who/thatwil 9.which/thatwas
10.who/thatare 11.ofwhom 12.wehad 13.whom/that
we 14.which/thatneeds 15.which/that 16.who/that
17.which/that 18.that 19.that 20.which/thatis
21.that/whichhelps 22.which/thatwere 23.which/that
are 24.which/thathe 25.whodont 26.that/whichhave
27.who/thatis 28.that;visited 29.which/that;borowed
30.that/who 31.which/that 32.who/that
33.whom/that/who 34
.that
第三部分 短文填空提升练
专项一 盲填———冠词、连词、介词
1.an 2.the 3.because 4.since 5.so 6.the 7.for
8.until/til 9.and 10.with 11.an 12.or 13.By
14.in 15.with 16.without 17.for;although/though
18.for 19.and 20.in 21.a 22.out 23.away 24.on
25.to 26.in 27.If 28.by 29.that 30.when 31.but
32.a 33.as 34.for 35.so 36.about 37.the 38.by
39.or 40.with
专项二 名词的变形
1.helpful 2.windy 3.days 4.jackets 5.natural
6.tomatoes 7.healthy 8.useful 9.western 10.personal
11.monkeys 12.surprised 13.birds 14.successful
15.centuries 16.speeches 17.suggestions 18.children
19.musician 20.careless 21.southern 22.of
23.months 24.countries 25.journeys 26.projects
27.hours 28.dangerous 29.birds 30.helpful
专项三 动词的变形
1.building 2.nodding 3.begins 4.tohelp 5.playing
6.enjoyable 7.encouraged 8.puting 9.tocheat
10.taught 11.built 12.poluting 13.leader 14.tofin
ish 15.wasted 16.found 17.plays 18.Tohave
19.cheered 20.greeted 21.recycled 22.tosel
23.pronouncing 24.thrown 25.interesting 26.todo
27.worker 28.invention 29.tospend 30.writen
31.heard 32.is 33.passing 34.tocreate 35.felt
36.became 37.working 38.has 39.trying 40.known
41.welcomes 42.tobuild 43.has 44.growing 45.to
raise 46.goes 47.woried 48
.choice
7