第02讲 形容词&副词 （讲义）-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习讲练测（山东专用）

第02讲 形容词&副词 目录 形容词 1 考情透视·目标导航 2 知识导图·思维引航 3 考点突破·考法探究 3 考点一 形容词句法作用 3 考点二 形容词在句子中的位置 4 考点三 形容词后缀 6 考点四 名词构词法 6 考点五 名词的句法功能 6 考点六 易混易错点辨析 6 分层训练·巩固提升 7 基础巩固 7 能力提升 14 副词 16 考情透视·目标导航 17 知识导图·思维引航 17 考点突破·考法探究 17 考点一 副词的分类 18 考点二 副词在句子中的位置以及作用 18 考点三 形容词&副词的级 18 分层训练·巩固提升 20 基础巩固 24 能力提升 31 形容词 考点 课标要求 考查频次 命题预测 1.形容词句法作用 掌握形容词的句法作用 （日照：3年28考；滨州：3年18考；菏泽：3年9考；济宁：3年10考） 纵观近年各地市中考题，对在语言环境中考查形容词词义的题目有逐步增加的趋势。在学习过程中，要在识记形容词词义上多下功夫，同时兼顾比较等级的各种变化形式。副词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用副词的能力。 2.形容词在句子中的位置‌ 掌握形容词作定语；作表语；做补足语；作状语‌ · 3.形容词后缀 了解形容词-al；-ous；-ful；-less（没有...的）；-ive；-able=-ible(能...的)；-ed；-ing；-ant/-ent的后缀 · 4.形容词的级 掌握形容词的同级，比较级，最高级的用法‌ · 考点一 形容词句法作用 形容词（...的）：用来说明或修饰名词（或代词）的一类词称为形容词。 修饰名词：a big ball 修饰代词：the blue one，something interesting 形容词的句法作用：作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。 句子成分 I play basketball.（主谓宾） She is pretty.（主系表） 主语：I,表示动作的发出者。 谓语：play（实义动词）表示干什么,is（系动词）表示是什么。 宾语：动作的承受者。I met my best friend Tom yesterday. 主语 谓语 定语 宾语 同位语 状语 表语：表示怎么样。 定语：修饰名词或者代词，表示...的 状语：说明何时，何地，何种方式。 宾语补足语：宾语的补充说明。 考点二 形容词在句子中的位置 ⑴作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。 如：a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮) Do you want to go anywhere interesting?(定语后置) 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序     限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --出处--材料性质,类别--名词     a small round table     a tall gray building     a dirty old brown shirt     a famous German medical school     an expensive Japanese sports car     一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的重要性差不多,音节少的形容词在前,音节多的方在后,在不能确定时,可参照下表:     限定词+数量词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+      新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词    those + three + beautiful + large + square+old + brown + wood + table     典型例题:     1) Tony is going camping with ___ boys.     A. little two other B. two little other  C. two other little  D. little other two     答案:C。由"限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --性质--名词"的公式可知数词,描绘词,性质依次顺序,只有C符合答案。 ⑵作表语时放在系动词（be,感官看见）之后。 如：The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理) ⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。 如：We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁) ⑷后置的情况： ①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。 如：Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故) ②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。 如：He’s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。) The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里) 一．单句填空 1.Carmen loves the 　　　　　　(Australia)singer very much.  答案　Australian　设空处修饰singer,应用形容词形式,因此答案是Australian。 2.It's one of southern Africa's 　　　(hot) places, and there is often no water.  答案　hottest　本题考查形容词最高级。one of+形容词最高级+名词复数,注意双写t。 3.After that,Orion wanted to make an even 　　　　　(big)influence.  答案　bigger　本题考查形容词比较级。even修饰形容词比较级,故用bigger,注意双写g。 4.If someone is treated 　　　　　　(kind), it can make their day brighter and encourage that person to be kind to somebody else.  答案　kindly　本题考查副词。此空修饰前面的动词,故用副词形式。If someone is treated kindly如果某人被善意地对待。 5.My parents and I had a 　　　　　　(wonder) journey to Hainan.   答案　wonderful　设空处后面是名词 journey,应该用形容词修饰,wonder的形容词形式为wonderful,故答案为wonderful。 6.The little boy was 　　　　　　(interest) in all of these subjects, especially in math.  答案　interested　be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。 7.For him, the quiet night was a 　　　　　　(value) time to focus on translation.  答案　valuable　本题考查形容词。空后为名词time,需要用形容词来修饰,value的形容词形式为valuable,意为“宝贵的”,故填valuable。 二.单项选择 1.(2023东营市实验中学一模)We know that clear water and green mountains are as 　　　 as mountains of gold and silver.  A.proud　　　　 B.valuable C.special　　　　 D.central 答案　B　考查形容词辨析。clear water and green mountains指绿水青山,“绿水青山就是金山银山”,也就是说绿水青山和金山银山一样珍贵。故选B。 2.(2023菏泽一模)The earlier we take action to protect our environment, the 　　　 it will be for our future.  A.better　　　　 B.best　　　　 C.worse　　　　 D.worst 答案　A　考查形容词的比较等级。固定结构“the+比较级,the+比较级”意为“越……,就越……”,所以此处应该用比较级。根据句意可知,这里表示我们越早采取行动保护环境,对我们的未来就越好。故选A。 4.(2023菏泽一模)With the development of 5G technology, our daily lives have become 　　　.  A.more and more convenient B.the most convenient C.convenienter and convenienter 答案　A　考查形容词的比较等级。 “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”,convenient为多音节词,其比较级应该在前面加more。故选A。 6.(2023菏泽一模)My home is near the Heze Mudan Airport,so it's 　　　 for me to travel by plane.  A.expensive.　　　　B.comfortable C.convenient 答案　C　考查形容词辨析。根据前面提到的“My home is near the Heze Mudan Airport”可知,我家离菏泽牡丹机场很近,所以对我来说乘飞机是方便的。故选C。 7.(2023滨州一模)—Do you like my new sweater, Lily? —Yes, Grandma. You look much 　　　 in it.  A.young　　　　 B.younger C.youngest　　　　 D.the youngest 答案　B　考查形容词的比较等级。much修饰形容词和副词的比较级,故选B。 10.(2023滨州一模)—Lei Feng was always 　　　 to help others.  —We should follow his example. A.rich　　　　 B.open　　　　 C.ready　　　　 D.main 答案　C　考查形容词辨析。固定搭配be ready to do sth.意为“愿意做某事”。故选C。 11.(2022菏泽一模)If there is 　　　 pollution, the air in our city will be 　　　 fresher.  A.less;much B.less;more C.more;more 答案　A　考查形容词的比较等级。污染和空气新鲜之间为负相关,此处表示污染越少,空气越新鲜。less是比较级,表示“更少的”;修饰比较级fresher应该用much。故选A。 考点三 形容词后缀 形 容 词 后 缀 -al personal，international，beneficial，critical，actual -ous dangerous，curious，serious，delicious，fanous -ful careless，useless，homeless，worthless，meaningless -less（没有...的） useful，careful，meaningful，beautiful，colourful -ive active，positive，negative，effective，aggressive -able=-ible (能...的) reasonable，valuable，suitable，possible，terrible -ed interested，surprised，excited，amazed，developed -ing interesting，surprising，exciting，amazing，developing -ant/-ent important，brilliant，different，convenient，dependent 1.(2023烟台)During the peak(高峰) season, the yard is 　　　　(crowd) with tourists waiting for dinner.  答案　crowed　考查形容词。be crowded with...意为“挤满了……”,此处指院子里挤满了等待就餐的游客。故填crowded。 2.(2023枣庄)They think it's 　　　　　(excite) to go traveling.  答案　exciting　考查形容词。固定结构“it's+形容词+to do sth.”表示“做某事是怎么样的”,设空处应该填入一个形容词,这里表示去旅行是令人激动的,故填exciting。 3.(2023临沂)Suddenly, the dogs became 　　　　　(silence) and ran around with their noses to the ground.  答案　silent　考查形容词。系动词became后面接形容词作表语,故填silent。 4.(2022临沂)Teenagers will feel 　　　　　 and even get angry if someone reads their diaries. (comfortable)  答案　uncomfortable　考查形容词构词法。根据and even get angry和提示词可知,青少年不喜欢这种行为,所以应表示感到不舒服,故填uncomfortable。 基础巩固 1.（2024·山东青岛·二模）—Have you watched the latest film You Only Live Once? —Of course! I have watched it twice. I have never watched a(n) ________ film than it. A．exciting B．excited C．more exciting D．most exciting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你看过最近上映的电影《热辣滚烫》吗？——当然！我看了两遍。我从来没有看过比它更刺激的电影。 考查形容词比较级。exciting令人兴奋的；excited兴奋的。根据“than”可知，此处应使用比较级，故选C。 2.（2024·山东青岛·二模）—Both of her sisters are younger than her. She is _____ one of the children in her family. —Then she must often take care of her sisters. A．the older B．the oldest C．the younger D．the youngest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——她的两个妹妹都比她小。她是家里最大的孩子。——那么她必须经常照顾她的妹妹们。 考查最高级和形容词辨析。old老的，比较级是older，最高级是oldest；young年轻的，比较级是younger，最高级是youngest。根据“Both of her sisters are younger than her”可知两个妹妹都比她小，所以她是三个孩子中最大的，用最高级oldest。故选B。 3.（2024·山东滨州·二模）Helen felt ________ and hopeless. She didn’t know what to do or where to go. A．sadly B．unfortunately C．lonely D．angrily 【答案】C 【详解】句意：海伦感到孤独和绝望。她不知道该做什么，该去哪里。 考查形容词。sadly伤心地；unfortunately不幸地；lonely孤独的；angrily生气地。根据“Helen felt”可知，是海伦感到孤独，应填形容词lonely作表语。故选C。 4.（2024·山东青岛·一模）—The salad is delicious! —Yes, it tastes as ________ as the one Tom cooked. A．good B．well C．better D．best 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——沙拉很美味！——是的，她尝起来跟Tom做的一样好吃。 考查形容词用法。good好的，形容词；well好地，副词；better更好，比较级；best最好，最高级。as...as中间接形容词或副词原形，taste连系动词，后接形容词作表语。故选A。 5.（2024·山东淄博·一模）I’m not ________ at math as my sister is. A．good B．as good C．as well D．better 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的数学不如我妹妹好。 考查形容词原级。good好的；as good和……一样好；as well同样；better更好的。根据be as good as“和……一样好”，其否定式为be not as good as“不如”。故选B。 6.（2024·山东滨州·一模）—It’s smoggy (烟雾弥漫的) these days. That’s terrible! —Yes. I hope to plant trees. ________ trees there are, ________ air pollution there will be. A．The more; the fewer B．The less; the more C．The more; the less D．The fewer; the more 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这些天烟雾弥漫。太糟糕啦！——对。我希望植树。树木越多，空气污染越少。 考查形容词比较级。more更多的；fewer较少的，后接复数名词，表否定；less较少的，little的比较级，后接不可数名词。“the+比较级，the+比较级”是固定句式，意思是“越……越……”；trees“树木”，复数名词；pollution“污染”，不可数名词；根据常识可知，应是树越多，污染越少。故选C。 7.（2024·山东青岛·一模）Life isn’t always perfect, but it’s up to you to make your life ________. A．better B．earlier C．quieter D．busier 【答案】A 【详解】句意：生活并不总是完美的，但让你的生活变得更好取决于你。 考查形容词辨析和比较级。better更好；earlier更早；quieter更安静；busier更忙碌。根据“Life isn’t always perfect, but it’s up to you to make your life”可知，生活不完美，但你可以让你的生活变得更好，better符合语境。故选A。 8.(2023滨州)—How amazing ChatGPT is! —Yes. The new invention makes it quite 　　　 for people to write papers and stories.  A.late　　　　 B.simple C.natural　　　　 D.difficult 答案　B　考查形容词辨析。此处表示ChatGPT这个发明使写论文和故事变得非常简单,故选B。 9.(2023菏泽二模)—What do you think of Peter, your best friend in school? —He is very kind and helpful, but he has 　　　 memory and often forgets the names of people around him.   A.poor　　　　 B.good　　　　 C.rich 答案　A　考查形容词辨析。根据后面的often forgets the names of people around him可知,Peter经常忘记周围人的名字,说明他的记性不好。形容记忆力差用形容词poor,故选A。 10.(2023青岛一模)—How is the saleswoman? —She is great. She always makes her customers feel welcome since she is such a(n)　　　 person.  A.dangerous　 B.strict C.outgoing　　 D.shy 答案　C　考查形容词辨析。根据前面提到的“She always makes her customers feel welcome”可知,她是一个开朗的人。故选C。 11.(2023滨州一模)I can't believe you made the lifelike cat out of paper. How 　　　 you are!  A.proud　　　　 B.creative C.helpful　　　　 D.organized 答案　B　考查形容词辨析。根据前文的“I can't believe you made the lifelike cat out of paper.”并结合选项可知,这里感叹对方有创造力,故选B。 12.(2023东营一模)—Good news! The Chinese women's football team came first in the 2022 Asian Cup. —Exactly. The final is 　　　 one I have ever seen.  A.a less amazing B.the most amazing C.a more amazing D.the least amazing 答案　B　考查形容词的比较等级。根据“Good news!”可知,是好消息,再根据“Exactly.”和空后的“one I have ever seen”可知,这里表示决赛是我看过的最精彩的比赛,应该使用最高级。形容词最高级前面要用定冠词the。故选B。 13.(2022济南一模)The wind is so 　　　 that we can't go for a walk.  A.big　　　　 B.heavy　　　　 C.strong　　　　 D.weak 答案　C　考查形容词辨析。根据“we can't go for a walk”可知风很大,表示风大用形容词strong。故选C。 14.(2022青岛一模)—Dad, how can I get on well with my classmates? —Try to be friendly to them. That will make it much 　　　.  A.easier　　　　 B.worse　　　　 C.healthier　　 D.cooler 答案　A　考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知,孩子问爸爸怎样才能和同学相处融洽,爸爸告诉孩子的方法应该会让这件事更容易。故选A。 二、单词拼写 1.（2024·山东日照·三模）It’s n for her to make some cuts in the text because it’s too long. 【答案】(n)ecessary 【详解】句意：她有必要在文本中做一些删减，因为它太长了。根据“It’s n... for her to make some cuts in the text because it’s too long.”可知，太长了，有必要删减一些，necessary“必要的”，在句中作表语。故填(n)ecessary。 2.（2024·山东泰安·二模）Labor (劳动) education has been an i part of the Chinese education system. Students are supposed to have good work habits and rich social experiences. 【答案】(i)mportant 【详解】句意：劳动教育是中国教育体系的重要组成部分。学生应该有良好的工作习惯和丰富的社会经验。根据“an i...part of the Chinese education system”可知，劳动教育很重要，应用形容词important作定语。故填(i)mportant。 3.（2024·山东济宁·三模）The film Born to Fly is w watching. You can’t miss it. 【答案】(w)orth 【详解】句意：电影《生而飞翔》值得一看。你不能错过。根据“The film Born to Fly is w... watching.”可知，电影值得一看，be worth doing“值得做”，故填(w)orth。 4.（2024·山东日照·三模）Our teacher taught us that rubbish should be thrown in (分开的) groups. 【答案】separate 【详解】句意：我们的老师告诉我们垃圾应该分组扔。“分开的”separate，形容词作定语，修饰名词groups。故填separate。 5.（2024·山东日照·三模）He looks h (诚实的) enough. I think we can trust him. 【答案】(h)onest 【详解】句意：他看起来足够诚实。我觉得我们可以信任他。根据汉语提示及首字母提示可知此处应用形容词“honest”，位于系动词“looks”后作表语。故填(h)onest。 6.（2024·山东日照·三模）It’s (正常的) for you to feel nervous before a big exam. 【答案】normal 【详解】句意：在大考前感到紧张对你来说是正常的。根据汉语提示可知此处应用形容词“normal”，位于be动词后作表语。故填normal。 7.（2024·山东日照·三模）Paris is preparing for the o ceremony of the 2024 Summer Olympic Games. 【答案】(o)pening 【详解】句意：巴黎正在为2024年夏季奥运会的开幕仪式做准备。根据“…ceremony of the 2024 Summer Olympic Games”并结合首字母可知，此处表示“开幕仪式”，opening ceremony“开幕仪式”。故填(o)pening。 8.（2024·山东日照·二模）No one can be p , but we can keep trying to improve ourselves. 【答案】(p)erfect 【详解】句意：没有人是完美的，但我们可以不断努力提高自己。根据“but we can keep trying to improve ourselves”与首字母提示可知，此处应指没有人是完美的，因此用perfect“完美的”，形容词作表语。故填(p)erfect。 9.（2024·山东济宁·二模）As Chinese, we pay more attention to (传统的) Chinese festivals. 【答案】traditional 【详解】句意：作为中国人，我们更多注意中国传统的节日。根据汉语“传统的”提示，应是形容词traditional，在句中作定语。故填traditional。 10.（2024·山东日照·二模）Read carefully to understand the hidden meaning behind the (写) words. 【答案】written 【详解】句意：仔细阅读，了解书面文字背后隐藏的含义。根据“hidden meaning behind the…words.”以及汉语提示可知，此处指的是“书面文字”，written意为“书面的”，形容词作定语。故填written。 11.（2024·山东济宁·二模）The more you exercise, the (健康的) you will become. 【答案】healthier 【详解】句意：你运动得越多，你就会变得越健康。根据中文提示可知，healthy“健康的”符合题意，结合“The more you exercise, the”可知，考查“the+比较级，the+比较级”，设空处应该填比较级。故填healthier。 12.（2024·山东泰安·二模）“Garbage classification” makes it (容易的) for people to protect the environment than before. 【答案】easier 【详解】句意：“垃圾分类”使人们比以前更容易保护环境。easy“容易的”，形容词，根据than可知，空处应用比较级形式easier。故填easier。 13.（2024·山东青岛·二模）The Traditional Chinese Medicine courses at schools and universities across China get students to TCM than before and help pass on the tradition. (close) 【答案】closer 【详解】句意：中国各地中小学和大学的中医课程让学生比以前更接近中医，并有助于传承传统。根据“than before”可知，空格处应填写closer。故填closer。 14.（2024·山东济宁·三模）Harbin was f to the tourists from the south and kindly called them “nanfang xiaotudou” or “southern spuds” this winter. 【答案】(f)riendly 【详解】句意：哈尔滨对来自南方的游客很友好，今年冬天亲切地称他们为“南方小土豆”或“南方土豆”。根据“kindly called them...”可知对游客很友好，作be动词的表语用形容词friendly“友好的”。故填(f)riendly。 15.（2024·山东泰安·三模）The movie we saw last night is not e . It is a little boring. 【答案】(e)xciting 【详解】句意：我们昨晚看的电影并不刺激。有点无聊。根据“The movie we saw last night is not e... . It is a little boring.”可知，电影是无聊的，所以不刺激，exciting“刺激的”，在句中作表语。故填(e)xciting。 16.（2024·山东青岛·二模）China is so big that the weather in some places is much (wet) than that of others. 【答案】wetter 【详解】句意：中国太大了，有些地方的天气比其他地方潮湿得多。根据“than”可知此处用比较级wetter“更湿”。故填wetter。 17.（2024·山东青岛·一模）Tom is the (clever) of all the students in my class. I think he can answer the question easily. 【答案】cleverest 【详解】句意：汤姆是我们班所有学生中最聪明的。我认为他能很容易地回答这个问题。根据空后的“of all the students in my class”可知，是三者以上的比较，用最高级。故填cleverest。 18.（2024·山东泰安·二模）The Internet offers special ways of communication in our (day) life. 【答案】daily 【详解】句意：互联网在我们的日常生活中提供了特殊的交流方式。根据“in...life”可知此处应填day的形容词词形daily“日常的”，修饰life。故填daily。 19.（2024·上海崇明·二模）As the saying goes, nothing is if you put your heart into it. (possible) 【答案】impossible 【详解】句意：俗话说，如果你全心投入，就没有什么是不可能的。根据“nothing is ...if you put your heart into it”可知，全身心投入的话没有什么是不可能的，空格处缺少形容词作表语，应填possible的反义词impossible“不可能的”。故填impossible。 20.（2024·山东青岛·一模）The (soft) music I’ve ever heard made me fall asleep easily after a tiring day. 【答案】softest 【详解】句意：我听过的最轻柔的音乐让我在劳累了一天后很容易入睡。根据“I’ve ever heard”可知，此处表示最高级的含义，应用最高级形式。故填softest。 21.（2024·山东青岛·一模）Plants make our indoor environments cleaner and (healthy). 【答案】healthier 【详解】句意：植物使我们的室内环境更清洁、更健康。根据“cleaner”可知，and连接并列结构，这里应用形容词比较级。故填healthier。 22.（2024·山东青岛·一模）Visiting my grandparents abroad is one of the (happy) experiences I’ve had this year. 【答案】happiest 【详解】句意：去国外看望我的祖父母是我今年最快乐的经历之一。根据one of the可知此处是表示“最快乐的经历之一”，最快乐的，应用“happy”最高级“happiest”。故填happiest。 23.(2023临沂一模)Here is the 　　　　　(good)apple tree from my garden. Take it home and plant it so that you, your children, and your children's children can enjoy it.  答案　best　考查形容词的比较等级。该空应用形容词修饰名词短语apple tree,根据后面的范围from my garden以及空前的the可知,此处应用形容词最高级。故填best。 24.(2023日照北京路中学一模)You can buy everything near here, so it's 　　　 (方便的) to live here.  答案　convenient　考查形容词。该空作表语,应用形容词,由汉语提示可知填convenient。 25.(2023泰安一模)—Who performed 　　　　　(差) among these players?  —John did. 答案　the worst/worst　考查副词的比较等级。设空处应该使用副词修饰动词performed,根据among these players可知,比较范围大于两个人,应该使用最高级。副词最高级前可以加定冠词the,也可以不加,故填 the worst/worst。 26.(2023潍坊一模)Home Alone is a very 　　　　　(fun) 1990 American film. It tells us a story about a boy who is accidentally left alone at home.  答案　funny　考查形容词。设空处修饰后面的名词film,应该使用形容词,故填funny。 27.(2023枣庄第十五中学一模)On winter, travelling on the mountain road was much 　　　　　(difficult) than usual.  答案　more difficult　考查形容词的比较等级。设空处后面的than表明,此处应该使用比较级,difficult为多音节词,其比较级应该在前面加more。故填more difficult。 28.(2023淄博一模)You may think that being forgetful is not a good thing. But now you should be 　　　　　(thank).  答案　thankful　考查形容词。be动词后面接形容词作表语,根据语境及所给提示词可知,这里表示你可能认为健忘不是件好事。但你现在应该庆幸。thankful庆幸的;感激的。故填thankful。 29.(2023青岛一模)If you don't stop to drink some water, you'll feel even 　　　(口渴).   答案　thirstier　考查形容词的比较等级。根据提示词可知,应使用形容词thirsty,空前的even用于修饰比较级。故填thirstier。 30.(2023湖南常德)The Yangtze River is one of 　　　　(long) rivers in the world.  答案　the longest　考查形容词最高级。此处为“one of+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构。故填the longest。 31.(2023浙江宁波)I'm proud of being Chinese because China is one of the 　　　　　(最伟大的) countries in the world.  答案　greatest　考查形容词最高级。根据汉语提示可知,答案为greatest。 32.(2022潍坊一模)It is 　　　　　 (light) than a coin and can be put into smartwatches, badges and cards.  答案　lighter　考查形容词的比较等级。设空处后面的than是比较级的标志词,结合中文提示可知填lighter。 33.(2023日照)Tom was 　　　　(缺席) from classes yesterday because he caught a cold.  答案　absent　短语be absent from...意为“缺席……”。故填absent。 34.(2023济宁)Jane can look after herself while she is 　　　　(独自) at home.  答案　alone　根据汉语提示可知应该填alone。 35.(2023济宁)It is often 　　　　(多风的) in this area.  答案　windy　分析句子结构可知缺少表语,根据汉语提示可知应该填形容词windy。 36.(2023日照)Local plants and animals are well protected in 　　　　(国家) parks.  答案　national　设空处修饰后面的名词parks,应用形容词形式,结合中文提示可知填national。 37.(2022泰安)Spacewalks can be dangerous. There is no air in space. And it's filled with 　　　　　(有害的) radiation(辐射).  答案　harmful　考查形容词拼写。修饰名词radiation应该使用形容词,根据中文提示可知填harmful。 38.(2023济宁学院附属中学一模)My doctor advised me to take the medicine t　　　　 a day, in the morning and evening.  答案　twice　考查频度副词。根据后面提到的in the morning and evening可知,此处表示一天两次,twice a day意为“一天两次”。故填twice。 39.(2023枣庄滕州育才中学二模)Firstly, drink plenty of water and eat 　　　(health) snacks.  答案　healthy　考查形容词。根据后面的名词snacks可知,设空处需要用形容词作定语修饰名词,表示“吃健康的零食”。故填healthy。 40.(2023聊城三模)Compared with the traditional cars that use oil, new-energy cars may cause much 　　　　(little) pollution.  答案　less　考查形容词的比较等级。设空处前面的much修饰形容词的比较级,这里表示新能源汽车比使用石油的传统汽车产生更少的污染。故填less。 41.(2023临沂一模)There he became friends with other 　　　　(America) writers, including Gertrude Stein and F. Scott Fitzgerald.  答案　American　考查形容词。设空处作定语修饰后面的名词writers,应该使用形容词,故填American。 42.(2023泰安一模)The people felt lucky enough to be a　　　　 after the Turkey earthquake.  答案　alive　考查形容词。根据felt lucky和after the Turkey earthquake可知,此处表示因为地震后还活着而感到幸运,be动词后接形容词,故填alive。 43.(2023菏泽一模)We all support his 　　　　(science) rescarch.  答案　scientific　考查形容词。空处修饰research,应用形容词,故填scientific。 44.(2023聊城一模)Tomorrow we're going to Dongting Lake, the second　　　(large) freshwater lake in China.  答案　largest　考查形容词的比较等级。“the+序数词+形容词的最高级”表示“第几最……的”, 此处表示洞庭湖是中国第二大淡水湖。故填largest。 能力提升 一.语法填空 用括号中所给词的适当形式运动会。 In China, 1.　　　　(important) meal for every family is Chinese New Year's Eve dinner. Dishes like dumplings are always found on the table for the big dinner. What are the special meanings behind the dishes?  With a history of 2.　　　　(many) than 1,800 years, dumplings are a classic and traditional dish. They are 3.　　　　(popular) around China, especially in North China. It is said that the more dumplings you eat, the 4.　　　　(rich) you will be.  答案　 1.the most important　句意:对每一个家庭来说,中国新年的年夜饭是最重要的一顿饭。应用形容词的最高级形式,故填the most important。 2.more　固定搭配more than “多于,超过”,故填more。 3.popular　句意:它们在中国很受欢迎,尤其在中国北方。此处用形容词作表语,故填popular。 4.richer　固定句式“the+比较级, the+比较级”表示“越……,就越……”,故填richer。 二.语篇单词拼写 根据括号内的汉语意思写出单词的正确形式。 Take lightning storms 1.　　　　(认真地). If you're outdoors, it is important to know how to keep away from lightning. When thunder roars, go indoors. 2.　　　　(迅速地) go into a room such as a shopping center, home, or office.  Are you in an open area?Make sure that you're not at the 3.　　　　(最高) point, especially when you're in an open area. Getting 4.　　　　(低) to the ground can reduce your chances of being hit.  Are you in a car?If you're in your car during a lightning storm,keep your windows 5.　　　　(关闭的) and keep an eye out. Stop the car when you can't see the road.  Don't touch metal items and other special things. These things, such as bikes, power lines, and golf clubs, can conduct electricity. 答案　 1.seriously　空处修饰动词Take,应用副词,故填seriously。 2.Quickly　空处修饰动词词组go into,应用副词,根据汉语提示可知应用quickly,句首单词首字母大写,故填Quickly。 3.highest　由语境及常识可知,打雷时不要站在最高点,此处应该用最高级,故填highest。 4.low　这里表示降低身体高度,getting后面跟形容词,故填low。 5.closed　空处是your windows的宾语补足语,结合汉语提示可知填closed。 三.完形填空 Andy was throwing an empty box when a woman and her daughter ran over. “You smell 　1　 !”Andy said to the woman.  The woman said, “I just want you to give me the box. It's how my daughter and I survive(生存).” “But it's just trash(垃圾),” said Andy. “One person's trash is another person's treasure,” the woman said, reaching out her hand. “Can I have it?” “If you want it, just take it out of the trash bin by yourself,” Andy replied 　2　 . Then he threw the box and walked towards his mother's car. The woman didn't say anything and took the box.  Andy told his mother about the dirty woman. His mother said in a 　3　 voice, “Andy, not everyone has good luck. We lived a hard life. There are always some people who give us unexpected warmth. So wherever we are, be kind to people around us.”  1.A.sweet B.nice C.terrible D.smoky 2.A.impolitely B.gladly C.nervously D.hopefully 3.A.funny B.soft C.cold D.strange 答案　 1.C　由“Andy told his mother about the dirty woman.”可知女士靠捡垃圾生活,身上闻起来应该是糟糕的。sweet甜蜜的;nice好的;terrible糟糕的;smoky烟雾弥漫的。故选C。 2.A　Andy回答说:“如果你想要它,你自己从垃圾桶里把它取出来。”由此可知安迪这么说很没礼貌。impolitely不礼貌地;gladly高兴地;nervously紧张地;hopefully有希望地。故选A。 3.B　funny滑稽的;soft温柔的;cold冰冷的;strange奇怪的。根据妈妈的话可知,妈妈温柔地给安迪讲道理,故选B。 副词 考点 课标要求 考查频次 命题预测 1.副词的分类 了解时间副词，频度副词，地点/方位副词，程度副词，方式副词，疑问/连接副词及其他副词 （日照：3年28考；滨州：3年18考；菏泽：3年9考；济宁：3年10考） 纵观近年各地市中考题，对在语言环境中考查形容词词义的题目有逐步增加的趋势。在学习过程中，要在识记副词词词义上多下功夫，同时兼顾比较等级的各种变化形式。副词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用副词的能力。 2.副词在句子中的位置以及作用‌ 掌握副词作定语；作表语；做补足语；作状语‌ · 3.副词的级 掌握副词词的同级，比较级，最高级的用法‌ · 副词：用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。 考点一 副词的分类 时间副词 频度副词 地点/方位副词 程度副词 方式副词 疑问/连接副词 其他副词 today, tomorrow, once, here, there, very, too, well, how, too, also, yesterday, now, twice, home, below, enough, hard, where, nor, so, then, early, late, always, anywhere, rather, quite, alone, when, as, on,off, once, soon, just, usually, above, outside, how, so, fast, why, either, tonight, long, often, in, inside, out, much, just, together, whether yes, no, already, yet, before, sometimes back, up, down, nearly, only suddenly, however, etc. not, neither ago, later, ever since never, away, off, far, almost, hardly, 形+-ly结尾的副词 　 　 关系副词 maybe, after, whenever (seldom), near, nearby, as long as等, where, perhaps, first, someday, ever, wherever even, all, why, how certainly, sometime, last, 　 everywhere, a little, a bit when, 　 考点二 副词在句子中的位置以及作用 ⑴作状语： 时间副词：一般放在句首或句尾,注意,early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾,already、just一般放在动词的前面。 如：We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow.(我们明天要去参观长城) They have already been to the UK twice.(他们去过英王国两次) Soon the lost boy found his way back home.(不久迷路的孩子找到了回家的路) 频度副词：一般放在be动词之后或者助动词与主要动词之间,但sometimes、often等还可以放在句首或句尾,usually可放在句首,once可放在句尾,twice、three times等一般放在句尾。 如：Sometimes I get up early.(我有时起得早) The workers usually have lunch at the factory.(工人们通常在厂里吃午饭) Take this medicine twice a day.(这种药一天吃两次) I always get up early, so I am never late for school. 方式副词：一般放在行为动之后,suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或动词之前。 如：Old people can hardly walk as quickly as young people.(老年人几乎不可能走得和年轻人一样快) Suddenly he saw a light in the dark cave(山洞).(突然,在黑黢黢的山洞里,他看见了一丝亮光) 地点副词：一般放在句尾,但here、there还可放在句首。 如：There you can see thousands of bikes running in all directions(方向).(在那里,你可以看到成千上万的自行车朝各个方向流动) The frightened wolf ran away.(受到惊吓的狼逃开了) He walked out quietly and turned back soon.(他悄悄地走了出去,很快又返回) 程度副词：修饰动词时,放在动词之前；修饰形容词或副词时,放在形容词或副词之前。但注意,enough总是放在被修饰的形容词或动词的后面；only位置比较灵活,总是放在被修饰的词的前面。 如：I nearly forgot all about it if he did not tell me again.(如果他不再次告诉我,我几乎把那事全忘了) It was so strange that I could hardly believe my ears.(它那么奇怪一直我都不能相信我的耳朵) She got to the station early enough to catch the first bus.(她早早地赶到车站赶上了首班车) 疑问副词：用于对句子的状语进行提问,位置总是在句首。 如：When and where were you born?(你何时何地出生？) Why did little Edison sit on some eggs?(小爱迪生为什么要坐在鸡蛋上？) How do you do?(你好！) 连接副词：用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,在从句中作状语。 How I am going to kill the cat is still a question.(我打算怎样杀死那只猫还是个问题) That is why everyone is afraid of the tiger.(那就是人人都害怕老虎的原因) He wondered how he could do it the next day.(他不知道第二天怎样做那事) 关系副词：用来引导定语从句,在从句中作状语。 如：This is the place where Mr Zhang once lived.(这就是张先生曾经住过的地方) Please tell me the way how you have learned English so well.(请告诉我你的英语是怎样学得这么好的方法) 其它副词：too“也”,用在句尾；also放在动词前；either “也不”,放在句尾；nor“也不”,放在句首；so“如此,这样”,放在形容词、副词前；on/off“开/关”放在动词之后；not放在be之后、助动词之后、不定式或动名词之前；maybe/perhaps放在句首；certainly放在句首或动词之前。 如：He went to the Palace Museum and I went there,too.(他去了故宫博物院,我也去了) Maybe your ticket is in your inside pocket.(也许你的票就在你的里边衣袋里) --Tom doesn’t have a computer. –Nor do I.(汤姆没有计算机,我也没有。) (2) 作表语：地点副词一般可以作表语,放在be等连系动词之后,说明人物所处的位置。 如：I’m very sorry he isn’t in at the moment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家) I have been away from my hometown for nearly 20 years.(我离开家乡有将近20年了) Jim is over there.(吉姆就在那边) (3) 作定语：时间副词(如now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语,放在名词的后面。 如：People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.(现在的人们经常在餐馆里吃节日晚宴) Women there were living a terrible life in the 1920s.(在二十世纪20年代那儿的女人过着可怕的日子) (4) 作宾语补足语：地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语。 如：Put your dirty socks away, Jim! They are giving out bad smell!(吉姆,把你的脏袜子拿开！它们在散发着臭气。) / Father kept him in and doing his lessons.(父亲把他关在家里做作业) [注意] “动词+副词”的宾语如果是代词,则该副词应该放在代词之后。如：He wrote down the word.(他写下了那个词。)→He wrote it down.(他把它写了下来。) 1.　　　　　　(lucky), she was a quick learner.  答案　Luckily　本空位于句首,修饰整个句子,应用副词形式,故填Luckily。 2. “But you know it's a great life and we're learning so much on our journey,” says William 　　　　　　(proud).   答案　proudly　设空处修饰says,因此应该用副词形式。故填proudly。 3.I thought about his words very 　　　　　　(careful)and then understood everything.  答案　carefully　句意:我非常认真地考虑了他的话,然后明白了一切。考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词thought about,因此使用副词形式。 4.But then she stopped and looked at Mr Happy 　　　　　　(angry).  答案　angrily　考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词looked at,因此使用副词形式。 5.“Could you please bring it over here?”asked one boy 　　　　　　(polite).  答案　 politely　句意:“你能把它拿到这边来吗?”一个男孩有礼貌地问。本题考查副词。设空处修饰谓语asked,因此使用副词形式。 考点三 形容词&副词的级 1.分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级(两者比较，表示更...)和最高级（三者及以上，表示最...）三级。 原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 2.规则变化: (1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。 a)直接加er,est ： b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est： c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est： 重读闭音节 重读 be’ginning ‘listening 闭音节，结尾辅元辅 big-bigger-biggest (2)部分双音节或多音节的,在原级前加more / most. 音节是读音的基本单位，一个元音音素（音素不是字母）可构成一个音节，一个元音音素和一个或几个辅音音素结合也可以构成一个音节。 beautiful /ˈbju:tɪfl/ more beautiful- most beautiful clever -more clever -the most clever /cleverer-cleverest 一般来说，含有后缀的双音节单词的比较级用more和most. 3、不规则变化: good好的 better更好的 best最好的 well好；(身体)好的, bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地 worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地； worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地； ill(身体)不舒服的 many许多的(可数) more更多的；更 most最多的；最 much许多的(不可数)；非常 little少的（few规则变化） less更少的 least最少的 far远的；远地 farther更远的；更远地 farthest最远的；最远地 further进一步的(地) furthest最深刻的(地) old老的 older更老的 oldest最老的 elder更老的 eldest最老的 4、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法： (1)表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型： as + 形容词/副词原级 + as ... 如：He is as excited as his younger sister.(他和他妹妹一样兴奋) Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady.(莉莉骑车像老太太一样慢) They picked as many apples as the farmers (did).(他们摘的苹果和农民一样多) 表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型： ..not+ as / so + 形容词/副词原级 + as ... 如：He is not so / as excited as his younger sister.(他没他妹妹那么兴奋) Lily did not ride her bike so / as slowly as an old lady. (莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢) 、 They didn’t pick so / as many apples as the farmers (did). (他们摘的苹果不如农民多) (2) 讲述两者有差异,第一个人物超过第二个人物时,用比较级。基本句型： 主语(‘A’)+谓语动词+(much/a little/even/still)+形容词/副词比较级+than+第二个人物(‘B’)+…. 如：A modern train is much faster than a car.(现代的火车比轿车快多了) This book didn’t cost me more than that one.(这本书花费我的钱不比那本多) 讲述两者有差异,第一个人物不及第二个人物时,用比较级。句型是： 主语(‘A’) + 谓语动词 + less+ (多音节形/副)比较级 + than + 第二个人物(‘B’) +…. 如：I think English is less difficult than maths.(我认为英语不比数学难) Do you think it less important to learn a foreign language?(你认为学外语不那么重要吗？) (3)讲述某人/物是一群之中最突出的一个时,用最高级。句型是： 主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词 +(the) +形容词/副词最高级 +in / of …. 如：The Changjiang River is the longest river in China.(长江是中国最长的河流) He jumped (the) highest of the three (boys).(三个男生中他跳得最高) 一般来说，形容最高级后边一般跟个名词，这种情况表特指，所以要加the. 而副词的最高级往往表程度，所以可以省略the. 关于比较等级的重要注释： 1、 以上六个句型中,如果动词是及物或不及物动词,则后面用副词；如果后面是连系动词,则后面用形容词。 如：This car is the fastest of the four.(形容词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中最快的). 形容词修饰名词或代词 This car runs (the) fastest of the four.(副词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中跑得最快的) 副词修饰动词或者形容词 2、 “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。 如：The weather is getting warmer and warmer.(天越来越温暖了) 3、 “the+比较级…,the+比较级…”表示“越…就越…”。 如：The more trees we plant,the better it will be.(我们栽的树越多,情况就会越好) The harder you try,the greater your progress is.(你越是努力,进步就越大) 4、一般的形容词或副词的比较级前面可以加much/a little/even/still,而表示数量的more之前还可以加some/ any/ no/ one/ two/ many/ several/ a lot等词。 如：It is much colder today than yesterday.(今天比昨天冷多了) Would you like some more coffee?(你还要些咖啡吗？) 5、 more than / less than分别可以理解为“多于/少于”,相当于副词,more than=over; less than=under. 如：I lived in New York for more than four months.(我在纽约生活了四个多月) 6、 “one of the +最高级+名词(复数)”整个短语为单数含义,谓语要用单数形式。 如：One of the oldest houses has been burnt in a fire.(最古老的一幢房子在一场大火中被烧毁了) 7、 “Which / Who+动词+形/副,□,□or□?”句型中,如果有两个选项,形/副用比较级,如果有三个选项,形/副用最高级。如：Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei?(林涛和韩梅谁的书最多？) Which is the heaviest,a pig,a horse or an elephant?(猪、马、象哪个最重？) 8、 上下文中含有both/either/neither/two/twins等表示两个事物的词时,用比较级,而且往往还要加the；含有all/none/no one/ every 等表示三个或三个以上事物时,用最高级。 如： --Do you like the smaller one?—Neither.(小一点的那个你喜欢吗？一个都不喜欢) --Which do you like best? –All of them!(你最喜欢哪个？全部。) 一.单项选择 1.(2023滨州一模)The more 　　　 you read, the 　　　 mistakes you'll make.  A.carefully;fewer　　　　 B.careful;less C.careful;fewer　　　　 D.carefully;less 答案　A　考查形容词和副词的比较等级。本句构成“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构。句意:你阅读得越仔细,错犯得就越少。第一个空修饰动词read,应该用副词carefully,第二个空修饰可数名词复数mistakes,用few,few的比较级为fewer。less是little的比较级,修饰不可数名词。故选A。 2.(2021滨州)—What do you think of this kind of clay art? —Great! I have never seen a 　　　 one.  A.beautiful　　　　 B.more beautiful C.much beautiful　　　　 D.most beautiful 答案　B　考查形容词的比较等级。根据对话可知,回答者认为没有见过比这件泥塑艺术品更好的一件作品,应该用比较级。故选B。 3.(2020菏泽)China is almost as 　　　 as the US, and it is the 　　　 country in Asia.  A.big;bigger　　　　 B.big;biggest C.bigger;biggest 答案　B　考查形容词的比较等级。句意:中国几乎和美国一样大,是亚洲最大的国家。as...as为同级比较,中间用形容词或副词的原级;定冠词the后面接形容词的最高级。故选B。 4.(2023烟台)They even experienced the ancient way of getting money in the 　　　　(early) bank of China.  答案　earliest　考查形容词最高级。由空后的比较范围of China及空前的the可知,设空处应用early的最高级形式,故填earliest。 5.(2023日照)He gave me the 　　　　(good) travel advice I had ever received: “Be like a student on your way around the world.”  答案　best　考查形容词最高级。所给提示词为形容词,由后面的定语从句“ I had ever received”可知,有比较范围,结合空前的the可知,设空处应用形容词最高级形式。故填best。 6.(2023临沂) The 　　　　(old) among us lifted his head to listen.  答案　oldest　考查形容词最高级。介词among表示“在……(三者或三者以上)之中”;当比较范围是三者或三者以上时,应该用最高级,故填oldest。 7.(2022烟台)His record for solving a cube puzzle is 8 seconds, which is the 　　　　(high) speed in his college.  答案　highest　考查形容词的比较等级。根据句意可知,此处是将他的纪录在全校范围内进行比较,且空前有定冠词the,应该使用最高级,故填highest。 二．单句填空 1.(2023杭州)Have you ever driven through a red traffic light? Have you ever parked in the wrong place or driven 　　　　　　(fast) than the speed limit(限制)?  答案　faster　所给提示词为副词,由后面的than可知,此处应用副词的比较级形式。故填faster。 2.(2023宁波)I'm proud of being Chinese because China is one of the 　　　　　　(最伟大的) countries in the world.  答案　greatest　根据汉语提示可知,答案为greatest。 3.(2023嘉兴)It was the fifth day of our Italian journey. We arrived at our hotel 　　　　　　(early) than usual.  答案　earlier　根据than可知应用比较级,此处表示“我们”到达旅馆的时间比平时早。故填earlier。 4.(2023绍兴)The Camp Fire was one of 　　　　　　(big) fires in California history.  答案　the biggest　此处是“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构,表示“最……的……之一”。故填the biggest。 5.(2022舟山)It's certain that we need to eat 　　　　(更少的) sugar.  答案　less　考查形容词比较级。由汉语提示可知,设空处应填little或者few的比较级,因为后面的sugar是不可数名词,所以填little的比较级less。 6.(2022金华)In Spanish you have to change the verbs (动词) for each person. But my 　　　　(big) problem of all was the pronunciation.  答案　biggest　考查形容词最高级。空后的of all提示设空处的形容词应用最高级形式,表示“所有问题中最大的问题”,故填biggest。 7.(2021宁波)Of the three cities, Ningbo, our hometown, is the 　　　　(生机勃勃的).  答案　liveliest　考查形容词最高级。由Of the three cities与空前的the可知,应填形容词最高级。故填liveliest。 基础巩固 一.单项选择 1.(2023滨州)—Father's Day is around the corner, but I don't have money to buy a gift for my dad. —Why not make a card by yourself? He will 　　　 love it.  A.widely　　　　 B.smoothly C.hardly　　　　 D.certainly 答案　D　考查副词辨析。此处提议给父亲做一张卡片当父亲节礼物,父亲一定会喜欢。certainly确定;无疑。故选D。 2.(2022东营)—Tom, your elder sister is taking an online class. Could you please speak 　　　? —OK, Mom. A.quietly　　　　 B.clearly C.loudly　　　　 D.politely 答案　A　考查副词辨析。根据your elder sister is taking an online class可知,姐姐在上网课,所以妈妈要求Tom说话小点声。故选A。 3.(2023滨州一模)—Please keep quiet. You should not laugh 　　　 in the library.  —Sorry, I won't do that again. A.quietly　　　　 B.quickly C.loudly　　　　 D.easily 答案　C　考查副词辨析。根据前句“Please keep quiet.”可知,要保持安静,不能大声笑。副词loudly意为“大声地”,故选C。 4.(2023东营一模)David is crazy about Chinese history. He 　　　 visits the museums first wherever he travels in China.  A.never　　　　 B.seldom C.sometimes　　 D.always 答案　D　考查副词辨析。根据前句“David is crazy about Chinese history.”可知,David对中国历史很着迷,可推断他无论在中国哪里旅行,总是先参观博物馆,故选D。 5.(2023青岛一模)Though Mr. Smith is over eighty now, he still acts 　　　.  A.quietly　　　　 B.friendly C.lonely　　　　 D.quickly 答案　D　考查副词辨析。该空修饰动词acts,应用副词,B项和C项都是形容词,可排除。根据前面的“Though Mr. Smith is over eighty now”和still可知,这里表示他仍然行动迅速,故选D。 6.(2023东营二模)It is raining 　　　. We have to stay at home and do some chores.  A.heavily　　　　 B.hardly C.strongly　　 D.strangely 答案　A　考查副词辨析。根据后一句可知,此处表示雨下得很大。形容雨下得很大,可以用rain hard或rain heavily,故选A。 7.(2022滨州一模)—As a creative short video app, it has been 　　　 used both in China and abroad.  —That's right! It makes our life colorful. A.suddenly　　 B.heavily C.widely　　　　 D.exactly 答案　C　考查副词辨析。根据后面的both in China and abroad可知,这款短视频应用程序被广泛使用。故选C。 8.(2023东营市实验中学一模)—There are many Confucius Institutes(孔子学院) in foreign countries. —Yes, Chinese has spread 　　　 in those areas.  A.hardly　　　　 B.widely C.suddenly　　 D.nearly 答案　B　考查副词辨析。根据前一句可知,在外国有许多孔子学院,说明汉语在那些地区传播得很广泛,故选B。 9.(2023青岛一模)—Do you think math is the most difficult subject? —No. 　　　, as long as we work harder, nothing is difficult.  A.Finally　　　　 B.Recently C.Mainly　　　　D.Actually 答案　D　考查副词辨析。根据问句和答语中的“No.”可知,回答者否认了数学最难这件事。再由后文的“as long as we work harder, nothing is difficult”可知,回答者认为只要我们努力,没有什么是困难的。actually意为“实际上;事实上”,在此处符合语境。故选D。 10.(2023青岛一模)As the 　　　 girl in our class, Mary was chosen to take part in the running race.  A.fastest　　　　 B.kindest C.strictest　　　 D.cleverest 答案　A　考查形容词辨析。根据空后Mary被选定去参加跑步比赛可知,此处表示她是班里(跑得)最快的女孩。故选A。 11.(2023青岛一模)—Is this your hometown, Sandy? —Yes. I can 　　　 believe my eyes because there have been great changes.  A.hardly　　　　 B.nearly C.highly　　　　 D.possibly 答案　A　考查副词辨析。根据空后的“because there have been great changes”可推测,此处表示几乎不能相信自己的眼睛。副词hardly意为“几乎不”,故选A。 12.(2023东营一模)—What's the article about, David? —It's about some tricks on how to save and spend money 　　　.  A.cheaply　　　　B.wisely C.kindly　　　　 D.comfortably 答案　B　考查副词辨析。由语意可知,这里表示这篇文章是关于如何明智地存钱和花钱,修饰save and spend money应该用wisely(明智地)。故选B。 二.单句填空 1．（2024·山东泰安·二模）The musician is good at playing traditional musical instruments, e pipa and guzheng. 【答案】(e)specially 【详解】句意：这位音乐家擅长演奏传统乐器，尤其是琵琶和古筝。根据“pipa and guzheng”可知，此处是强调这位音乐家尤其擅长琵琶和古筝的演奏，应用副词epecially，故填(e)specially。 2．（2024·山东泰安·二模）Daniel did the exercises too c . So he made some mistakes. 【答案】(c)arelessly 【详解】句意：丹尼尔做练习太粗心了。所以他犯了一些错误。分析句子可知，空处缺少副词修饰动词。根据“So he made some mistakes.”可知，丹尼尔太粗心。carelessly “粗心地”，副词。故填(c)arelessly。 3．（2024·山东济宁·三模）We do eye exercises t a day at school in order to keep our eyes healthy. 【答案】(t)wice 【详解】句意：为了保持我们的眼睛健康，我们在学校每天做两次眼保健操。根据“We do eye exercises t... a day at school”可知，此处是指一天做两次眼保健操，twice a day“一天两次”。故填(t)wice。 4．（2024·山东日照·三模）A lot of visitors from home and (国外) have come to visit China these years. 【答案】abroad 【详解】句意：这些年很多来自国内外的游客来中国旅游。根据汉语提示可知此处应用地点副词“abroad”，home and abroad“国内外”。故填abroad。 5．（2024·山东日照·三模）The boy went out of the room q not to wake up his mom. 【答案】(q)uietly 【详解】句意：这个男孩为了不吵醒他的妈妈，悄悄地走出了房间。根据“not to wake up his mom”并结合首字母提示可知此处表示“安静地”，应用副词“quietly”，修饰动词短语“went out of the room”。故填(q)uietly。 6．（2024·山东日照·二模）You can visit my hometown w you like, because you are always welcome. 【答案】(w)henever 【详解】句意：你可以随时来我的家乡，因为我们永远欢迎你。根据“You can visit my hometown…you like, because you are always welcome.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“无论何时都可以来”，whenever意为“无论何时”，引导让步状语从句。故填(w)henever。 7．（2024·山东日照·二模）Cars are (主要地) made of metal. 【答案】mainly/mostly 【详解】句意：汽车主要由金属制成。主要地：mainly/mostly，副词修饰动词。故填mainly/mostly。 8．（2024·山东日照·三模）I was so sleepy that I could h keep my eyes open. 【答案】(h)ardly 【详解】句意：我困得连眼睛都睁不开了。根据“I was so sleepy that I could …keep my eyes open”及首字母可知，很困，几乎睁不开眼睛，hardly“几乎不”。故填(h)ardly。 9．（2024·山东日照·三模）Many kids hate getting up early in the morning, (尤其) in winter. 【答案】especially 【详解】句意：许多孩子讨厌早上起得早，尤其是在冬天。especially“尤其”，副词表示强调。故填especially。 10．（2024·山东日照·三模）Shenzhou-16 spaceship was sent into space e at 9:31 a.m. on May 30th. 【答案】(e)xactly 【详解】句意：神舟十六号飞船于5月30日上午9点31分准时发射升空。根据“Shenzhou-16 spaceship was sent into space...at 9:31 a.m. on May 30th.”和首字母e可知，神州十六号宇宙飞船的确切发射时间为5月30日上午9时31分，空处表达“确切地”，副词exactly“确切地”符合题意，作状语。故填(e)xactly。 11．（2024·山东日照·三模）English is (广泛) used in the world. 【答案】widely 【详解】句意：英语在世界上被广泛使用。此处修饰动词用副词widely“广泛地”。故填widely。 12．（2024·山东济宁·三模）The robot is (特别地) designed for the disabled. 【答案】specially 【详解】句意：这款机器人是特别为残疾人设计的。分析句子结构可知，空处需填副词修饰动词design，specially意为“特别地”，符合句意。故填specially。 13．（2024·山东泰安·三模）I almost missed the bus this morning. L , the driver waited for a while. 【答案】(L)uckily 【详解】句意：今天早上我差点没赶上公共汽车。幸运的是，司机等了一会儿。根据“I almost missed the bus this morning. L..., the driver waited for a while.”可知，差点没赶上，所以司机等了一会是幸运的，用副词luckily修饰整个句子，故填(L)uckily。 14．（2024·山东青岛·二模）You can find books with the help of AI robots in this library. (easy) 【答案】easily 【详解】句意：在这个图书馆里，你可以在人工智能机器人的帮助下轻松地找到书。easy是形容词，此处修饰动词，应用副词。故填easily。 15．（2024·山东日照·二模）The climbers (成功) reached the top of the mountain in freezing weather conditions. 【答案】successfully 【详解】句意：登山者在寒冷的天气条件下成功地到达了山顶。根据汉语提示可知，success表示“成功”，空处修饰动词，应用副词successfully。故填successfully。 16．（2024·山东济宁·二模）“I have (很少) seen a child with so much talent,” Mr. Hu says. 【答案】seldom 【详解】句意：“我很少看到一个孩子有这么大的天赋，”胡先生说。seldom“很少”，故填seldom。 17．（2024·山东济宁·二模）Unity is strength. We should work t and study cooperatively (合作地). 【答案】(t)ogether 【详解】句意：团结就是力量。我们应该一起工作，合作学习。根据“We should work…and study cooperatively”以及首字母提示可知，此处指的是 “一起工作”，together意为 “一起”。故填(t)ogether。 18．（2024·山东济宁·二模）The hospital is very near from here. You can find it (容易地). 【答案】easily 【详解】句意：医院离这里很近。你很容易找到它。根据汉语提示及“find”一词可知，需副词easily“容易地”，修饰动词find。故填easily。 19．（2024·山东青岛·一模）Our math teacher was ill yesterday. Their math teacher, Mr. Johnson, gave us a lesson (代替). 【答案】instead 【详解】句意：我们的数学老师昨天病了。他们的数学老师约翰逊先生给我们上了一节课。根据“Our maths teacher was ill yesterday.”可知，数学老师昨天病了，所以约翰逊先生代替我们的数学老师给我们上了一节课。表达“代替”用单词instead。故填instead。 20．（2024·山东泰安·一模）When you can do simple things (完美地), you can finish difficult ones easily. 【答案】perfectly 【详解】句意：当你能完美地完成简单的事情时，你就能轻松地完成困难的事情。perfectly“完美地”，副词修饰动词，故填perfectly。 21．（2024·山东济宁·二模）It’s important to speak to the old people more (有礼貌), using words like “please”, “thank you”. 【答案】politely 【详解】句意：更礼貌地和老人说话很重要，比如说“请”、“谢谢”。此处修饰动词speak用副词politely“有礼貌地”。故填politely。 22．（2024·山东青岛·二模）Linda’s mother is ill, so she has to stay at home to look after her. (serious) 【答案】seriously 【详解】句意：琳达的母亲病得很重，所以她不得不待在家里照顾她。此处修饰形容词ill用副词seriously“严重地”。故填seriously。 23．（2024·山东青岛·一模）When you have problems, you can ask others for help (polite). 【答案】politely 【详解】句意：当你有问题时，你可以礼貌地向别人寻求帮助。根据“you can ask others for help”可知句子结构完整，此处可填副词修饰动词ask。故填politely。 24．（2024·山东青岛·一模）Alex and his friends are (most) out during holidays. 【答案】mostly 【详解】句意：亚历克斯和他的朋友们大多在假期外出。此处在句中作状语，用副词mostly表示“大部分”，故填mostly。 25．（2024·山东青岛·一模）The sea is (heavy) polluted now. We humans must protect our environment. 【答案】heavily 【详解】句意：现在海洋被严重污染了。我们人类必须保护环境。修饰动词polluted应用heavy的副词heavily。故填heavily。 26.(2023济宁)Don't speak l　　　　. It's polite to keep your voice down in public.  答案　loudly　根据“It's polite to keep your voice down in public.”可知,是在劝说对方不要大声说话,修饰动词应该用副词,故填loudly。 27.(2023泰安)When Shenzhou-14 landed 　　 　(安全地) on the earth, all Chinese were cheerful.  答案　safely　safely安全地。此处用副词修饰动词landed,故填safely。 28.(2023日照)Shenzhou-16 spaceship was sent into space 　　　　(精确) at 9:31 a.m. on May 30th.  答案　exactly　设空处修饰后面表示时间的介词短语,应用副词形式,结合中文提示可知填exactly。 29.(2023烟台)In recent years, tourism industries have developed 　　　　(rapid) and these relics have become new favorites of tourists.  答案　rapidly　考查副词。设空处修饰动词developed,应用副词,故填rapidly。 30.(2023日照)　　　　　(lucky), before my trip started, I met a kind, old Nigerian man.  答案　Luckily　考查副词。设空处修饰整个句子,应用副词形式。单词位于句首,首字母要大写。故填Luckily。 31.(2022烟台)Huang has also used cubes to make portraits of some famous medical workers who have fought 　　　　　(brave) against COVID-19 across China.  答案　bravely　考查副词构词法。设空处修饰前面的动词fought,应该使用副词。brave变副词直接加-ly。故填bravely。 32.(2022潍坊)　　　　　(Silent) Holmes took out a gold coin and threw it down in front of Breckinridge.  答案　Silently　考查副词构词法。设空处修饰句子,应用副词,形容词silent后面加-ly构成副词,句首单词首字母应该大写,故填Silently。 33.(2023烟台一模)It is hard to know 　　　　(exact) when The Art of War was written, but most experts think it was written during the Spring and Autumn Period.  答案　exactly　考查副词。根据后面的“but most experts think it was written during the Spring and Autumn Period”可推测,此处表示很难确切地知道《孙子兵法》是什么时候写的。此处应该用副词修饰动词know,故填exactly。 34.(2022济宁一模)Soft music can help us fall a　　　　　 faster and wake up less during the night.  答案　asleep　考查形容词拼写。根据后面的wake up less during the night可知,本句说的是睡眠,进而推断轻柔的音乐能帮助我们更快入睡。固定搭配fall asleep意为“入睡”。故填asleep。 35.(2022烟台一模)Then I 　　　　　 (gradual) fell in love with it.  答案　gradually　考查副词构词法。此处修饰动词fell,应用副词。gradual后面加-ly变副词。故填gradually。 36.(2023聊城一模)Even though the computer is 　　　　　(wide) used today, Chinese people should not forget the skill of writing by hand.  答案　widely　考查副词。此处表示电脑被广泛使用,应该使用副词修饰动词used,故填widely。 37.(2023济宁一模)After lots of practice, he passed the driving test 　　　　　(成功地) and got his license.  答案　successfully　考查副词。该空应用副词修饰动词passed,由汉语提示可知填successfully。 38.(2023青岛二模)Jane, can you turn on the light? I can't see my book　　 (clear).  答案　clearly　考查副词。根据前句的“can you turn on the light”可知需要开灯,说明光线暗,不能清楚地看书,此处应该用副词修饰动词see。故填clearly。 39.(2023湖南常德)The car is old, but it still runs very 　　　　　(good).  答案　well　考查副词。设空处修饰动词runs,应用副词形式。故填well。 40.(2022日照一模)Every morning the students greet the teachers 　　　　　(礼貌) with a smile at the school gate.  答案　politely　考查副词拼写。设空处修饰前面的动词短语greet the teachers,应该用副词,根据中文提示,故填politely。 能力提升 一．单句填空 1.(2023杭州)In most countries drivers have to pay a fine(罚款), 　　　　　(usual) $100-$300.  答案　usually　设空处在句中作状语,应用副词。故填 usually。 2.(2023宁波)Lily 　　　　　　(quick) put a bag in her own desk, making Ann feel unusual.  答案　quickly　设空处修饰动词put,应用副词形式,故填quickly。 3.(2023金华改编)With the help of the map, the volunteers 　　　　　　(easy) collected the leftover fruit from the trees.  答案　easily　设空处修饰动词,需用副词形式,easily“容易地”,故填easily。 4.(2022舟山)At first,we were both a bit shy. We sat 　　　　(silent) all the way until we got near the foot of the mountains.  答案　silently　设空处修饰前面的动词sat,因此用副词silently。 5.(2021嘉兴)　　　　(lucky), she was a quick learner.  答案　Luckily　本空位于句首,修饰整个句子,应用副词形式,且首字母大写,故填Luckily。 6.(2021台州)If someone is treated 　　　　(kind), it can make their day brighter and encourage that person to be kind to somebody else.  答案　kindly　此空修饰前面的动词,故用副词形式。故填kindly。 二．方框选词填空 　　用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次。 quickly　polite　secret　bright　quiet　widely 1.Chinese food is 　　　　 known and enjoyed all around the world.  2.She rushed out of the door and 　　　　 ran to the yard to find the seed. This time, she promised she would make the best use of the third wish.  3.Everybody, please keep 　　　　. It's not allowed to make any noise in the reading room.  4.Susan went into her bedroom and ate chocolate 　　　　, not letting her parents know that.   5.The living room becomes 　　　　 as the sunlight comes in through the windows.  6.Mrs. Smith showed the boys how to behave 　　　　 like a gentleman at the dinner table.   答案　 1.widely　此处表示中国菜在全世界广为知晓,用副词修饰known,故填widely。 2.quickly　空处修饰动词ran,表示“飞快地跑到……”,故填quickly。 3.quiet　根据“It's not allowed to make any noise in the reading room.”可知,此处指保持安静,故选quiet。keep后面要接形容词作表语,故填quiet。 4.secretly　根据not letting her parents know that可知,Susan是悄悄地进入卧室吃巧克力,故选secret,因为该空修饰动词词组,故填其副词形式secretly。 5.bright(er)　由“the sunlight comes in through the windows”可知客厅变得(更加)明亮了,故填bright(er)。 6.politely　根据like a gentleman at the dinner table可知,话题是关于餐桌礼仪的,表示行为举止礼貌。因为该空修饰动词behave,所以填副词politely。 三．语法填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 December 22, a special day, is the shortest day of the year. Chinese people call it dongzhi. It's also one of the 1.　　　　　(cold) days in a year. On this day, people in northern China eat dumplings. They usually fill the dumplings 2.　　　　　 different vegetables and meat. Sometimes, people put a coin inside. 3.　　　　　 you happen to get the coin, you will have good luck. People see eating dumplings as a way to stay healthy. 4.　　　　　 the old saying goes, “Eating dumplings on dongzhi can help 5.　　　　　(keep) the ears from frostbite (冻疮).”  In 6.　　　　　(south) China, people eat tangyuan on the day of dongzhi. The little tangyuan balls 7.　　　　　(make) from rice. They have different 8.　　　　　(kind) of sweet fillings (馅料). People hope eating tangyuan can bring them 9.　　　　　 happy and sweet life. In some places, people also make a special kind of rice wine. The drink 10.　　　　　(bring) the body warmth on cold days.  答案　 1.coldest　考查形容词的比较等级。根据空前的one of the和空后的days可知,此处为“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构,应用cold的最高级形式。故填coldest。 2.with　考查固定搭配。fill...with...意为“用……,装满……”,是固定搭配。故填with。 3.If　考查状语从句。句意:如果你碰巧得到了硬币,你会有好运。设空处应用if引导条件状语从句,句首单词首字母要大写。故填If。 4.As　考查固定用法。as the old saying goes正如老话所说,句首单词首字母要大写。故填As。 5.to keep/keep　考查动词不定式。help (to) do sth.帮助做某事,故填to keep/keep。 6.southern　考查形容词。设空处应填形容词,southern China表示“中国南方”,故填southern。 7.are made　考查被动语态。汤圆是用米制成的,是被制作,故用被动语态。时态为一般现在时,主语是复数,故填are made。 8.kinds　考查名词。different kinds of不同种类的。故填kinds。 9.a　考查冠词。此处表示带来幸福甜蜜的生活,表泛指,空处应用不定冠词。happy以辅音音素开头,故填a。 10.brings　考查主谓一致。主语The drink是单数,时态为一般现在时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填brings。 $$第02讲 形容词&副词 目录 形容词 1 考情透视·目标导航 2 知识导图·思维引航 3 考点突破·考法探究 3 考点一 形容词句法作用 3 考点二 形容词在句子中的位置 4 考点三 形容词后缀 6 考点四 名词构词法 6 考点五 名词的句法功能 6 考点六 易混易错点辨析 6 分层训练·巩固提升 7 基础巩固 7 能力提升 14 副词 16 考情透视·目标导航 17 知识导图·思维引航 17 考点突破·考法探究 17 考点一 副词的分类 18 考点二 副词在句子中的位置以及作用 18 考点三 形容词&副词的级 18 分层训练·巩固提升 20 基础巩固 24 能力提升 31 形容词 考点 课标要求 考查频次 命题预测 1.形容词句法作用 掌握形容词的句法作用 （日照：3年28考；滨州：3年18考；菏泽：3年9考；济宁：3年10考） 纵观近年各地市中考题，对在语言环境中考查形容词词义的题目有逐步增加的趋势。在学习过程中，要在识记形容词词义上多下功夫，同时兼顾比较等级的各种变化形式。副词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用副词的能力。 2.形容词在句子中的位置‌ 掌握形容词作定语；作表语；做补足语；作状语‌ · 3.形容词后缀 了解形容词-al；-ous；-ful；-less（没有...的）；-ive；-able=-ible(能...的)；-ed；-ing；-ant/-ent的后缀 · 4.形容词的级 掌握形容词的同级，比较级，最高级的用法‌ · 考点一 形容词句法作用 形容词（...的）：用来说明或修饰名词（或代词）的一类词称为形容词。 修饰名词：a big ball 修饰代词：the blue one，something interesting 形容词的句法作用：作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。 主语：I,表示动作的发出者。 谓语：play（实义动词）表示干什么,is（系动词）表示是什么。 宾语：动作的承受者。I met my best friend Tom yesterday. 主语 谓语 定语 宾语 同位语 状语 表语：表示怎么样。 定语：修饰名词或者代词，表示...的 状语：说明何时，何地，何种方式。 宾语补足语：宾语的补充说明。 考点二 形容词在句子中的位置 ⑴作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。 如：a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮) Do you want to go anywhere interesting?(定语后置) 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序     限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --出处--材料性质,类别--名词     a small round table     a tall gray building     a dirty old brown shirt     a famous German medical school     an expensive Japanese sports car     一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的重要性差不多,音节少的形容词在前,音节多的方在后,在不能确定时,可参照下表:     限定词+数量词(序数词在前,基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+      新旧+颜色+国籍+材料+名词    those + three + beautiful + large + square+old + brown + wood + table     典型例题:     1) Tony is going camping with ___ boys.     A. little two other B. two little other  C. two other little  D. little other two     答案:C。由"限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --性质--名词"的公式可知数词,描绘词,性质依次顺序,只有C符合答案。 ⑵作表语时放在系动词（be,感官看见）之后。 如：The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理) ⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。 如：We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁) ⑷后置的情况： ①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。 如：Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故) ②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。 如：He’s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。) The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里) 一．单句填空 1.Carmen loves the 　　　　　　(Australia)singer very much.  2.It's one of southern Africa's 　　　(hot) places, and there is often no water.  3.After that,Orion wanted to make an even 　　　　　(big)influence.  4.If someone is treated 　　　　　　(kind), it can make their day brighter and encourage that person to be kind to somebody else.  5.My parents and I had a 　　　　　　(wonder) journey to Hainan.   6.The little boy was 　　　　　　(interest) in all of these subjects, especially in math.  7.For him, the quiet night was a 　　　　　　(value) time to focus on translation.  二.单项选择 1.(2023东营市实验中学一模)We know that clear water and green mountains are as 　　　 as mountains of gold and silver.  A.proud　　　　 B.valuable C.special　　　　 D.central 答案　B　考查形容词辨析。clear water and green mountains指绿水青山,“绿水青山就是金山银山”,也就是说绿水青山和金山银山一样珍贵。故选B。 2.(2023菏泽一模)The earlier we take action to protect our environment, the 　　　 it will be for our future.  A.better　　　　 B.best　　　　 C.worse　　　　 D.worst 4.(2023菏泽一模)With the development of 5G technology, our daily lives have become 　　　.  A.more and more convenient B.the most convenient C.convenienter and convenienter 6.(2023菏泽一模)My home is near the Heze Mudan Airport,so it's 　　　 for me to travel by plane.  A.expensive.　　　　B.comfortable C.convenient 7.(2023滨州一模)—Do you like my new sweater, Lily? —Yes, Grandma. You look much 　　　 in it.  A.young　　　　 B.younger C.youngest　　　　 D.the youngest 10.(2023滨州一模)—Lei Feng was always 　　　 to help others.  —We should follow his example. A.rich　　　　 B.open　　　　 C.ready　　　　 D.main 11.(2022菏泽一模)If there is 　　　 pollution, the air in our city will be 　　　 fresher.  A.less;much B.less;more C.more;more 考点三 形容词后缀 形 容 词 后 缀 -al personal，international，beneficial，critical，actual -ous dangerous，curious，serious，delicious，fanous -ful careless，useless，homeless，worthless，meaningless -less（没有...的） useful，careful，meaningful，beautiful，colourful -ive active，positive，negative，effective，aggressive -able=-ible (能...的) reasonable，valuable，suitable，possible，terrible -ed interested，surprised，excited，amazed，developed -ing interesting，surprising，exciting，amazing，developing -ant/-ent important，brilliant，different，convenient，dependent 1.(2023烟台)During the peak(高峰) season, the yard is 　　　　(crowd) with tourists waiting for dinner.  2.(2023枣庄)They think it's 　　　　　(excite) to go traveling.  3.(2023临沂)Suddenly, the dogs became 　　　　　(silence) and ran around with their noses to the ground.  4.(2022临沂)Teenagers will feel 　　　　　 and even get angry if someone reads their diaries. (comfortable)  基础巩固 1.（2024·山东青岛·二模）—Have you watched the latest film You Only Live Once? —Of course! I have watched it twice. I have never watched a(n) ________ film than it. A．exciting B．excited C．more exciting D．most exciting 2.（2024·山东青岛·二模）—Both of her sisters are younger than her. She is _____ one of the children in her family. —Then she must often take care of her sisters. A．the older B．the oldest C．the younger D．the youngest 3.（2024·山东滨州·二模）Helen felt ________ and hopeless. She didn’t know what to do or where to go. A．sadly B．unfortunately C．lonely D．angrily 4.（2024·山东青岛·一模）—The salad is delicious! —Yes, it tastes as ________ as the one Tom cooked. A．good B．well C．better D．best 5.（2024·山东淄博·一模）I’m not ________ at math as my sister is. A．good B．as good C．as well D．better 6.（2024·山东滨州·一模）—It’s smoggy (烟雾弥漫的) these days. That’s terrible! —Yes. I hope to plant trees. ________ trees there are, ________ air pollution there will be. A．The more; the fewer B．The less; the more C．The more; the less D．The fewer; the more 7.（2024·山东青岛·一模）Life isn’t always perfect, but it’s up to you to make your life ________. A．better B．earlier C．quieter D．busier 8.(2023滨州)—How amazing ChatGPT is! —Yes. The new invention makes it quite 　　　 for people to write papers and stories.  A.late　　　　 B.simple C.natural　　　　 D.difficult 9.(2023菏泽二模)—What do you think of Peter, your best friend in school? —He is very kind and helpful, but he has 　　　 memory and often forgets the names of people around him.   A.poor　　　　 B.good　　　　 C.rich 10.(2023青岛一模)—How is the saleswoman? —She is great. She always makes her customers feel welcome since she is such a(n)　　　 person.  A.dangerous　 B.strict C.outgoing　　 D.shy 11.(2023滨州一模)I can't believe you made the lifelike cat out of paper. How 　　　 you are!  A.proud　　　　 B.creative C.helpful　　　　 D.organized 12.(2023东营一模)—Good news! The Chinese women's football team came first in the 2022 Asian Cup. —Exactly. The final is 　　　 one I have ever seen.  A.a less amazing B.the most amazing C.a more amazing D.the least amazing 13.(2022济南一模)The wind is so 　　　 that we can't go for a walk.  A.big　　　　 B.heavy　　　　 C.strong　　　　 D.weak 14.(2022青岛一模)—Dad, how can I get on well with my classmates? —Try to be friendly to them. That will make it much 　　　.  A.easier　　　　 B.worse　　　　 C.healthier　　 D.cooler 二、单词拼写 1.（2024·山东日照·三模）It’s n for her to make some cuts in the text because it’s too long. 2.（2024·山东泰安·二模）Labor (劳动) education has been an i part of the Chinese education system. Students are supposed to have good work habits and rich social experiences. 3.（2024·山东济宁·三模）The film Born to Fly is w watching. You can’t miss it. 4.（2024·山东日照·三模）Our teacher taught us that rubbish should be thrown in (分开的) groups. 5.（2024·山东日照·三模）He looks h (诚实的) enough. I think we can trust him. 6.（2024·山东日照·三模）It’s (正常的) for you to feel nervous before a big exam. 7.（2024·山东日照·三模）Paris is preparing for the o ceremony of the 2024 Summer Olympic Games. 8.（2024·山东日照·二模）No one can be p , but we can keep trying to improve ourselves. 9.（2024·山东济宁·二模）As Chinese, we pay more attention to (传统的) Chinese festivals. 10.（2024·山东日照·二模）Read carefully to understand the hidden meaning behind the (写) words. 11.（2024·山东济宁·二模）The more you exercise, the (健康的) you will become. 12.（2024·山东泰安·二模）“Garbage classification” makes it (容易的) for people to protect the environment than before. 13.（2024·山东青岛·二模）The Traditional Chinese Medicine courses at schools and universities across China get students to TCM than before and help pass on the tradition. (close) 14.（2024·山东济宁·三模）Harbin was f to the tourists from the south and kindly called them “nanfang xiaotudou” or “southern spuds” this winter. 15.（2024·山东泰安·三模）The movie we saw last night is not e . It is a little boring. 16.（2024·山东青岛·二模）China is so big that the weather in some places is much (wet) than that of others. 17.（2024·山东青岛·一模）Tom is the (clever) of all the students in my class. I think he can answer the question easily. 18.（2024·山东泰安·二模）The Internet offers special ways of communication in our (day) life. 19.（2024·上海崇明·二模）As the saying goes, nothing is if you put your heart into it. (possible) 20.（2024·山东青岛·一模）The (soft) music I’ve ever heard made me fall asleep easily after a tiring day. 21.（2024·山东青岛·一模）Plants make our indoor environments cleaner and (healthy). 22.（2024·山东青岛·一模）Visiting my grandparents abroad is one of the (happy) experiences I’ve had this year. 23.(2023临沂一模)Here is the 　　　　　(good)apple tree from my garden. Take it home and plant it so that you, your children, and your children's children can enjoy it.  24.(2023日照北京路中学一模)You can buy everything near here, so it's 　　　 (方便的) to live here.  25.(2023泰安一模)—Who performed 　　　　　(差) among these players?  —John did. 26.(2023潍坊一模)Home Alone is a very 　　　　　(fun) 1990 American film. It tells us a story about a boy who is accidentally left alone at home.  27.(2023枣庄第十五中学一模)On winter, travelling on the mountain road was much 　　　　　(difficult) than usual.  28.(2023淄博一模)You may think that being forgetful is not a good thing. But now you should be 　　　　　(thank).  29.(2023青岛一模)If you don't stop to drink some water, you'll feel even 　　　(口渴).   30.(2023湖南常德)The Yangtze River is one of 　　　　(long) rivers in the world.  31.(2023浙江宁波)I'm proud of being Chinese because China is one of the 　　　　　(最伟大的) countries in the world.  32.(2022潍坊一模)It is 　　　　　 (light) than a coin and can be put into smartwatches, badges and cards.  33.(2023日照)Tom was 　　　　(缺席) from classes yesterday because he caught a cold.  34.(2023济宁)Jane can look after herself while she is 　　　　(独自) at home.  35.(2023济宁)It is often 　　　　(多风的) in this area.  36.(2023日照)Local plants and animals are well protected in 　　　　(国家) parks.  37.(2022泰安)Spacewalks can be dangerous. There is no air in space. And it's filled with 　　　　　(有害的) radiation(辐射).  38.(2023济宁学院附属中学一模)My doctor advised me to take the medicine t　　　　 a day, in the morning and evening.  39.(2023枣庄滕州育才中学二模)Firstly, drink plenty of water and eat 　　　(health) snacks.  40.(2023聊城三模)Compared with the traditional cars that use oil, new-energy cars may cause much 　　　　(little) pollution.  41.(2023临沂一模)There he became friends with other 　　　　(America) writers, including Gertrude Stein and F. Scott Fitzgerald.  42.(2023泰安一模)The people felt lucky enough to be a　　　　 after the Turkey earthquake.  43.(2023菏泽一模)We all support his 　　　　(science) rescarch.  44.(2023聊城一模)Tomorrow we're going to Dongting Lake, the second　　　(large) freshwater lake in China.  能力提升 一.语法填空 用括号中所给词的适当形式运动会。 In China, 1.　　　　(important) meal for every family is Chinese New Year's Eve dinner. Dishes like dumplings are always found on the table for the big dinner. What are the special meanings behind the dishes?  With a history of 2.　　　　(many) than 1,800 years, dumplings are a classic and traditional dish. They are 3.　　　　(popular) around China, especially in North China. It is said that the more dumplings you eat, the 4.　　　　(rich) you will be.  二.语篇单词拼写 根据括号内的汉语意思写出单词的正确形式。 Take lightning storms 1.　　　　(认真地). If you're outdoors, it is important to know how to keep away from lightning. When thunder roars, go indoors. 2.　　　　(迅速地) go into a room such as a shopping center, home, or office.  Are you in an open area?Make sure that you're not at the 3.　　　　(最高) point, especially when you're in an open area. Getting 4.　　　　(低) to the ground can reduce your chances of being hit.  Are you in a car?If you're in your car during a lightning storm,keep your windows 5.　　　　(关闭的) and keep an eye out. Stop the car when you can't see the road.  Don't touch metal items and other special things. These things, such as bikes, power lines, and golf clubs, can conduct electricity. 三.完形填空 Andy was throwing an empty box when a woman and her daughter ran over. “You smell 　1　 !”Andy said to the woman.  The woman said, “I just want you to give me the box. It's how my daughter and I survive(生存).” “But it's just trash(垃圾),” said Andy. “One person's trash is another person's treasure,” the woman said, reaching out her hand. “Can I have it?” “If you want it, just take it out of the trash bin by yourself,” Andy replied 　2　 . Then he threw the box and walked towards his mother's car. The woman didn't say anything and took the box.  Andy told his mother about the dirty woman. His mother said in a 　3　 voice, “Andy, not everyone has good luck. We lived a hard life. There are always some people who give us unexpected warmth. So wherever we are, be kind to people around us.”  1.A.sweet B.nice C.terrible D.smoky 2.A.impolitely B.gladly C.nervously D.hopefully 3.A.funny B.soft C.cold D.strange 副词 考点 课标要求 考查频次 命题预测 1.副词的分类 了解时间副词，频度副词，地点/方位副词，程度副词，方式副词，疑问/连接副词及其他副词 （日照：3年28考；滨州：3年18考；菏泽：3年9考；济宁：3年10考） 纵观近年各地市中考题，对在语言环境中考查形容词词义的题目有逐步增加的趋势。在学习过程中，要在识记副词词词义上多下功夫，同时兼顾比较等级的各种变化形式。副词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用副词的能力。 2.副词在句子中的位置以及作用‌ 掌握副词作定语；作表语；做补足语；作状语‌ · 3.副词的级 掌握副词词的同级，比较级，最高级的用法‌ · 副词：用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。 考点一 副词的分类 时间副词 频度副词 地点/方位副词 程度副词 方式副词 疑问/连接副词 其他副词 today, tomorrow, once, here, there, very, too, well, how, too, also, yesterday, now, twice, home, below, enough, hard, where, nor, so, then, early, late, always, anywhere, rather, quite, alone, when, as, on,off, once, soon, just, usually, above, outside, how, so, fast, why, either, tonight, long, often, in, inside, out, much, just, together, whether yes, no, already, yet, before, sometimes back, up, down, nearly, only suddenly, however, etc. not, neither ago, later, ever since never, away, off, far, almost, hardly, 形+-ly结尾的副词 　 　 关系副词 maybe, after, whenever (seldom), near, nearby, as long as等, where, perhaps, first, someday, ever, wherever even, all, why, how certainly, sometime, last, 　 everywhere, a little, a bit when, 　 考点二 副词在句子中的位置以及作用 ⑴作状语： 时间副词：一般放在句首或句尾,注意,early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾,already、just一般放在动词的前面。 如：We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow.(我们明天要去参观长城) They have already been to the UK twice.(他们去过英王国两次) Soon the lost boy found his way back home.(不久迷路的孩子找到了回家的路) 频度副词：一般放在be动词之后或者助动词与主要动词之间,但sometimes、often等还可以放在句首或句尾,usually可放在句首,once可放在句尾,twice、three times等一般放在句尾。 如：Sometimes I get up early.(我有时起得早) The workers usually have lunch at the factory.(工人们通常在厂里吃午饭) Take this medicine twice a day.(这种药一天吃两次) I always get up early, so I am never late for school. 方式副词：一般放在行为动之后,suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或动词之前。 如：Old people can hardly walk as quickly as young people.(老年人几乎不可能走得和年轻人一样快) Suddenly he saw a light in the dark cave(山洞).(突然,在黑黢黢的山洞里,他看见了一丝亮光) 地点副词：一般放在句尾,但here、there还可放在句首。 如：There you can see thousands of bikes running in all directions(方向).(在那里,你可以看到成千上万的自行车朝各个方向流动) The frightened wolf ran away.(受到惊吓的狼逃开了) He walked out quietly and turned back soon.(他悄悄地走了出去,很快又返回) 程度副词：修饰动词时,放在动词之前；修饰形容词或副词时,放在形容词或副词之前。但注意,enough总是放在被修饰的形容词或动词的后面；only位置比较灵活,总是放在被修饰的词的前面。 如：I nearly forgot all about it if he did not tell me again.(如果他不再次告诉我,我几乎把那事全忘了) It was so strange that I could hardly believe my ears.(它那么奇怪一直我都不能相信我的耳朵) She got to the station early enough to catch the first bus.(她早早地赶到车站赶上了首班车) 疑问副词：用于对句子的状语进行提问,位置总是在句首。 如：When and where were you born?(你何时何地出生？) Why did little Edison sit on some eggs?(小爱迪生为什么要坐在鸡蛋上？) How do you do?(你好！) 连接副词：用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,在从句中作状语。 How I am going to kill the cat is still a question.(我打算怎样杀死那只猫还是个问题) That is why everyone is afraid of the tiger.(那就是人人都害怕老虎的原因) He wondered how he could do it the next day.(他不知道第二天怎样做那事) 关系副词：用来引导定语从句,在从句中作状语。 如：This is the place where Mr Zhang once lived.(这就是张先生曾经住过的地方) Please tell me the way how you have learned English so well.(请告诉我你的英语是怎样学得这么好的方法) 其它副词：too“也”,用在句尾；also放在动词前；either “也不”,放在句尾；nor“也不”,放在句首；so“如此,这样”,放在形容词、副词前；on/off“开/关”放在动词之后；not放在be之后、助动词之后、不定式或动名词之前；maybe/perhaps放在句首；certainly放在句首或动词之前。 如：He went to the Palace Museum and I went there,too.(他去了故宫博物院,我也去了) Maybe your ticket is in your inside pocket.(也许你的票就在你的里边衣袋里) --Tom doesn’t have a computer. –Nor do I.(汤姆没有计算机,我也没有。) (2) 作表语：地点副词一般可以作表语,放在be等连系动词之后,说明人物所处的位置。 如：I’m very sorry he isn’t in at the moment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家) I have been away from my hometown for nearly 20 years.(我离开家乡有将近20年了) Jim is over there.(吉姆就在那边) (3) 作定语：时间副词(如now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语,放在名词的后面。 如：People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.(现在的人们经常在餐馆里吃节日晚宴) Women there were living a terrible life in the 1920s.(在二十世纪20年代那儿的女人过着可怕的日子) (4) 作宾语补足语：地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语。 如：Put your dirty socks away, Jim! They are giving out bad smell!(吉姆,把你的脏袜子拿开！它们在散发着臭气。) / Father kept him in and doing his lessons.(父亲把他关在家里做作业) [注意] “动词+副词”的宾语如果是代词,则该副词应该放在代词之后。如：He wrote down the word.(他写下了那个词。)→He wrote it down.(他把它写了下来。) 1.　　　　　　(lucky), she was a quick learner.  2. “But you know it's a great life and we're learning so much on our journey,” says William 　　　　　　(proud).   10.I thought about his words very 　　　　　　(careful)and then understood everything.  14.But then she stopped and looked at Mr Happy 　　　　　　(angry).  17.“Could you please bring it over here?”asked one boy 　　　　　　(polite).  考点三 形容词&副词的级 1.分类：形容词和副词有原级、比较级(两者比较，表示更...)和最高级（三者及以上，表示最...）三级。 原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 2.规则变化: (1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。 a)直接加er,est ： b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est： c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est： 重读 be’ginning ‘listening 闭音节，结尾辅元辅 big-bigger-biggest (2)部分双音节或多音节的,在原级前加more / most. 音节是读音的基本单位，一个元音音素（音素不是字母）可构成一个音节，一个元音音素和一个或几个辅音音素结合也可以构成一个音节。 beautiful /ˈbju:tɪfl/ more beautiful- most beautiful clever -more clever -the most clever /cleverer-cleverest 一般来说，含有后缀的双音节单词的比较级用more和most. 3、不规则变化: good好的 better更好的 best最好的 well好；(身体)好的, bad,badly糟糕的,糟糕地 worse更糟糕的,更糟糕地； worst最糟糕的,最糟糕地； ill(身体)不舒服的 many许多的(可数) more更多的；更 most最多的；最 much许多的(不可数)；非常 little少的（few规则变化） less更少的 least最少的 far远的；远地 farther更远的；更远地 farthest最远的；最远地 further进一步的(地) furthest最深刻的(地) old老的 older更老的 oldest最老的 elder更老的 eldest最老的 4、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法： as + 形容词/副词原级 + as ... 如：He is as excited as his younger sister.(他和他妹妹一样兴奋) Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady.(莉莉骑车像老太太一样慢) They picked as many apples as the farmers (did).(他们摘的苹果和农民一样多) ..not+ as / so + 形容词/副词原级 + as ... 如：He is not so / as excited as his younger sister.(他没他妹妹那么兴奋) Lily did not ride her bike so / as slowly as an old lady. (莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢) 、 They didn’t pick so / as many apples as the farmers (did). (他们摘的苹果不如农民多) 主语(‘A’)+谓语动词+(much/a little/even/still)+形容词/副词比较级+than+第二个人物(‘B’)+…. 如：A modern train is much faster than a car.(现代的火车比轿车快多了) This book didn’t cost me more than that one.(这本书花费我的钱不比那本多) 主语(‘A’) + 谓语动词 + less+ (多音节形/副)比较级 + than + 第二个人物(‘B’) +…. 如：I think English is less difficult than maths.(我认为英语不比数学难) Do you think it less important to learn a foreign language?(你认为学外语不那么重要吗？) 主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词 +(the) +形容词/副词最高级 +in / of …. 如：The Changjiang River is the longest river in China.(长江是中国最长的河流) He jumped (the) highest of the three (boys).(三个男生中他跳得最高) 一般来说，形容最高级后边一般跟个名词，这种情况表特指，所以要加the. 而副词的最高级往往表程度，所以可以省略the. 关于比较等级的重要注释： 1、 以上六个句型中,如果动词是及物或不及物动词,则后面用副词；如果后面是连系动词,则后面用形容词。 如：This car is the fastest of the four.(形容词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中最快的). 形容词修饰名词或代词 This car runs (the) fastest of the four.(副词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中跑得最快的) 副词修饰动词或者形容词 2、 “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。 如：The weather is getting warmer and warmer.(天越来越温暖了) 3、 “the+比较级…,the+比较级…”表示“越…就越…”。 如：The more trees we plant,the better it will be.(我们栽的树越多,情况就会越好) The harder you try,the greater your progress is.(你越是努力,进步就越大) 4、一般的形容词或副词的比较级前面可以加much/a little/even/still,而表示数量的more之前还可以加some/ any/ no/ one/ two/ many/ several/ a lot等词。 如：It is much colder today than yesterday.(今天比昨天冷多了) Would you like some more coffee?(你还要些咖啡吗？) 5、 more than / less than分别可以理解为“多于/少于”,相当于副词,more than=over; less than=under. 如：I lived in New York for more than four months.(我在纽约生活了四个多月) 6、 “one of the +最高级+名词(复数)”整个短语为单数含义,谓语要用单数形式。 如：One of the oldest houses has been burnt in a fire.(最古老的一幢房子在一场大火中被烧毁了) 7、 “Which / Who+动词+形/副,□,□or□?”句型中,如果有两个选项,形/副用比较级,如果有三个选项,形/副用最高级。如：Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei?(林涛和韩梅谁的书最多？) Which is the heaviest,a pig,a horse or an elephant?(猪、马、象哪个最重？) 8、 上下文中含有both/either/neither/two/twins等表示两个事物的词时,用比较级,而且往往还要加the；含有all/none/no one/ every 等表示三个或三个以上事物时,用最高级。 如： --Do you like the smaller one?—Neither.(小一点的那个你喜欢吗？一个都不喜欢) --Which do you like best? –All of them!(你最喜欢哪个？全部。) 一.单项选择 1.(2023滨州一模)The more 　　　 you read, the 　　　 mistakes you'll make.  A.carefully;fewer　　　　 B.careful;less C.careful;fewer　　　　 D.carefully;less 2.(2021滨州)—What do you think of this kind of clay art? —Great! I have never seen a 　　　 one.  A.beautiful　　　　 B.more beautiful C.much beautiful　　　　 D.most beautiful 3.(2020菏泽)China is almost as 　　　 as the US, and it is the 　　　 country in Asia.  A.big;bigger　　　　 B.big;biggest C.bigger;biggest 4.(2023烟台)They even experienced the ancient way of getting money in the 　　　　(early) bank of China.  5.(2023日照)He gave me the 　　　　(good) travel advice I had ever received: “Be like a student on your way around the world.”  6.(2023临沂) The 　　　　(old) among us lifted his head to listen.  7.(2022烟台)His record for solving a cube puzzle is 8 seconds, which is the 　　　　(high) speed in his college.  二．单句填空 1.(2023杭州)Have you ever driven through a red traffic light? Have you ever parked in the wrong place or driven 　　　　　　(fast) than the speed limit(限制)?  2.(2023宁波)I'm proud of being Chinese because China is one of the 　　　　　　(最伟大的) countries in the world.  3.(2023嘉兴)It was the fifth day of our Italian journey. We arrived at our hotel 　　　　　　(early) than usual.  4.(2023绍兴)The Camp Fire was one of 　　　　　　(big) fires in California history.  5.(2022舟山)It's certain that we need to eat 　　　　(更少的) sugar.  6.(2022金华)In Spanish you have to change the verbs (动词) for each person. But my 　　　　(big) problem of all was the pronunciation.  7.(2021宁波)Of the three cities, Ningbo, our hometown, is the 　　　　(生机勃勃的).  基础巩固 一.单项选择 2.(2023滨州)—Father's Day is around the corner, but I don't have money to buy a gift for my dad. —Why not make a card by yourself? He will 　　　 love it.  A.widely　　　　 B.smoothly C.hardly　　　　 D.certainly 3.(2022东营)—Tom, your elder sister is taking an online class. Could you please speak 　　　? —OK, Mom. A.quietly　　　　 B.clearly C.loudly　　　　 D.politely 3.(2023滨州一模)—Please keep quiet. You should not laugh 　　　 in the library.  —Sorry, I won't do that again. A.quietly　　　　 B.quickly C.loudly　　　　 D.easily 5.(2023东营一模)David is crazy about Chinese history. He 　　　 visits the museums first wherever he travels in China.  A.never　　　　 B.seldom C.sometimes　　 D.always 8.(2023青岛一模)Though Mr. Smith is over eighty now, he still acts 　　　.  A.quietly　　　　 B.friendly C.lonely　　　　 D.quickly 9.(2023东营二模)It is raining 　　　. We have to stay at home and do some chores.  A.heavily　　　　 B.hardly C.strongly　　 D.strangely 15.(2022滨州一模)—As a creative short video app, it has been 　　　 used both in China and abroad.  —That's right! It makes our life colorful. A.suddenly　　 B.heavily C.widely　　　　 D.exactly 4.(2023东营市实验中学一模)—There are many Confucius Institutes(孔子学院) in foreign countries. —Yes, Chinese has spread 　　　 in those areas.  A.hardly　　　　 B.widely C.suddenly　　 D.nearly 6.(2023青岛一模)—Do you think math is the most difficult subject? —No. 　　　, as long as we work harder, nothing is difficult.  A.Finally　　　　 B.Recently C.Mainly　　　　D.Actually 8.(2023青岛一模)As the 　　　 girl in our class, Mary was chosen to take part in the running race.  A.fastest　　　　 B.kindest C.strictest　　　 D.cleverest 9.(2023青岛一模)—Is this your hometown, Sandy? —Yes. I can 　　　 believe my eyes because there have been great changes.  A.hardly　　　　 B.nearly C.highly　　　　 D.possibly 10.(2023东营一模)—What's the article about, David? —It's about some tricks on how to save and spend money 　　　.  A.cheaply　　　　B.wisely C.kindly　　　　 D.comfortably 二.单句填空 1．（2024·山东泰安·二模）The musician is good at playing traditional musical instruments, e pipa and guzheng. 2．（2024·山东泰安·二模）Daniel did the exercises too c . So he made some mistakes. 3．（2024·山东济宁·三模）We do eye exercises t a day at school in order to keep our eyes healthy. 4．（2024·山东日照·三模）A lot of visitors from home and (国外) have come to visit China these years. 5．（2024·山东日照·三模）The boy went out of the room q not to wake up his mom. 6．（2024·山东日照·二模）You can visit my hometown w you like, because you are always welcome. 7．（2024·山东日照·二模）Cars are (主要地) made of metal. 8．（2024·山东日照·三模）I was so sleepy that I could h keep my eyes open. 9．（2024·山东日照·三模）Many kids hate getting up early in the morning, (尤其) in winter. 10．（2024·山东日照·三模）Shenzhou-16 spaceship was sent into space e at 9:31 a.m. on May 30th. 11．（2024·山东日照·三模）English is (广泛) used in the world. 12．（2024·山东济宁·三模）The robot is (特别地) designed for the disabled. 13．（2024·山东泰安·三模）I almost missed the bus this morning. L , the driver waited for a while. 14．（2024·山东青岛·二模）You can find books with the help of AI robots in this library. (easy) 15．（2024·山东日照·二模）The climbers (成功) reached the top of the mountain in freezing weather conditions. 16．（2024·山东济宁·二模）“I have (很少) seen a child with so much talent,” Mr. Hu says. 17．（2024·山东济宁·二模）Unity is strength. We should work t and study cooperatively (合作地). 18．（2024·山东济宁·二模）The hospital is very near from here. You can find it (容易地). 19．（2024·山东青岛·一模）Our math teacher was ill yesterday. Their math teacher, Mr. Johnson, gave us a lesson (代替). 20．（2024·山东泰安·一模）When you can do simple things (完美地), you can finish difficult ones easily. 21．（2024·山东济宁·二模）It’s important to speak to the old people more (有礼貌), using words like “please”, “thank you”. 22．（2024·山东青岛·二模）Linda’s mother is ill, so she has to stay at home to look after her. (serious) 23．（2024·山东青岛·一模）When you have problems, you can ask others for help (polite). 24．（2024·山东青岛·一模）Alex and his friends are (most) out during holidays. 25．（2024·山东青岛·一模）The sea is (heavy) polluted now. We humans must protect our environment. 26.(2023济宁)Don't speak l　　　　. It's polite to keep your voice down in public.  27.(2023泰安)When Shenzhou-14 landed 　　 　(安全地) on the earth, all Chinese were cheerful.  28.(2023日照)Shenzhou-16 spaceship was sent into space 　　　　(精确) at 9:31 a.m. on May 30th.  29.(2023烟台)In recent years, tourism industries have developed 　　　　(rapid) and these relics have become new favorites of tourists.  30.(2023日照)　　　　　(lucky), before my trip started, I met a kind, old Nigerian man.  31.(2022烟台)Huang has also used cubes to make portraits of some famous medical workers who have fought 　　　　　(brave) against COVID-19 across China.  32.(2022潍坊)　　　　　(Silent) Holmes took out a gold coin and threw it down in front of Breckinridge.  33.(2023烟台一模)It is hard to know 　　　　(exact) when The Art of War was written, but most experts think it was written during the Spring and Autumn Period.  34.(2022济宁一模)Soft music can help us fall a　　　　　 faster and wake up less during the night.  35.(2022烟台一模)Then I 　　　　　 (gradual) fell in love with it.  36.(2023聊城一模)Even though the computer is 　　　　　(wide) used today, Chinese people should not forget the skill of writing by hand.  37.(2023济宁一模)After lots of practice, he passed the driving test 　　　　　(成功地) and got his license.  38.(2023青岛二模)Jane, can you turn on the light? I can't see my book　　 (clear).  39.(2023湖南常德)The car is old, but it still runs very 　　　　　(good).  40.(2022日照一模)Every morning the students greet the teachers 　　　　　(礼貌) with a smile at the school gate.  能力提升 一．单句填空 1.(2023杭州)In most countries drivers have to pay a fine(罚款), 　　　　　(usual) $100-$300.  2.(2023宁波)Lily 　　　　　　(quick) put a bag in her own desk, making Ann feel unusual.  3.(2023金华改编)With the help of the map, the volunteers 　　　　　　(easy) collected the leftover fruit from the trees.  4.(2022舟山)At first,we were both a bit shy. We sat 　　　　(silent) all the way until we got near the foot of the mountains.  5.(2021嘉兴)　　　　(lucky), she was a quick learner.  6.(2021台州)If someone is treated 　　　　(kind), it can make their day brighter and encourage that person to be kind to somebody else.  二．方框选词填空 　　用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空,每词仅用一次。 quickly　polite　secret　bright　quiet　widely 1.Chinese food is 　　　　 known and enjoyed all around the world.  2.She rushed out of the door and 　　　　 ran to the yard to find the seed. This time, she promised she would make the best use of the third wish.  3.Everybody, please keep 　　　　. It's not allowed to make any noise in the reading room.  4.Susan went into her bedroom and ate chocolate 　　　　, not letting her parents know that.   5.The living room becomes 　　　　 as the sunlight comes in through the windows.  6.Mrs. Smith showed the boys how to behave 　　　　 like a gentleman at the dinner table.   三．语法填空 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 December 22, a special day, is the shortest day of the year. Chinese people call it dongzhi. It's also one of the 1.　　　　　(cold) days in a year. On this day, people in northern China eat dumplings. They usually fill the dumplings 2.　　　　　 different vegetables and meat. Sometimes, people put a coin inside. 3.　　　　　 you happen to get the coin, you will have good luck. People see eating dumplings as a way to stay healthy. 4.　　　　　 the old saying goes, “Eating dumplings on dongzhi can help 5.　　　　　(keep) the ears from frostbite (冻疮).”  In 6.　　　　　(south) China, people eat tangyuan on the day of dongzhi. The little tangyuan balls 7.　　　　　(make) from rice. They have different 8.　　　　　(kind) of sweet fillings (馅料). People hope eating tangyuan can bring them 9.　　　　　 happy and sweet life. In some places, people also make a special kind of rice wine. The drink 10.　　　　　(bring) the body warmth on cold days.  $$