选择性必修四Unit 4 Never too old to learn 强基固本-2025届新高考英语一轮复习强基固本能力提升(译林版2020)

选择性必修四Unit 4 Never too old to learn 强基固本 一、全部单词 序号 原词 词性、词义 词性/形转换 1 *auditory 2 adj.口头的；言语的，文字的 ________ adj.非语言的 3 adj.空白的 n.空白处，空格 ________ adv.茫然地，茫然若失地 4 n.构图；构成，成分；作品；作曲艺术 ________ vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静 ________ n.作曲家，作曲者 5 n.教育家；教育工作者 ________ vt.(在学校)教育；教导，教养 ________ adj.受过良好教育的；有教养的 ________ n.(尤指学校)教育；培养，训练；教育机构，教育界人士；教育学 ________ adj.教育的，;有关教育的，有教育意义的 6 Confucius 7 adj.一定会，很可能会；有义务(做某事) 8 vt.& vi.解决；表决；决心，决定 n.决心，坚定的信念 ________ n.决心，决定；决议；解决 ________ adj.坚定(决)的，下定决心的 9 vt.使变新；使恢复精力；使想起 ________ adj.adj.恢复了精力的，精神振作的，神清气爽的 ________ adj.令人耳目一新的；别具一格的；使人精力充沛的 ________ n.茶点，点心，恢复活力，焕发精神 10 adj.客观的；客观存在的；宾格的 n.目标，目的 ________ n.对象，目的，目标 v.反对，不同意，不赞成 ________ n.反对的理由；反对；异议 ________主观的，主观的，个人的，自觉的 11 (also ________) vt.& vi.批评，批判，挑剔，指责；评价 ________ n.批评；批判；指责 ________ adj.批评的；批判性的；挑剔的；极为重要的 ________ n.批评家；评论员；批评者；挑剔的人________ adv.批判性地；苛求地 12 vi.& vt.询问，打听 ________ n.调查，查究；询问，打听；探究，探索 ________ adj.询问的，爱问的，打听的，好奇的，探究的，爱追根究底的 ________ n.询问者，调查人 13 vi.& vt.登记，注册 n.语体风格，语域；登记表 ________ n.登记，注册 ________ n.登记处=________ office 14 vi.定期订购(或订阅等) ________ n. (报刊等的)订阅费，订购款；订阅，订购；(向慈善机构的)定期捐款 ________ n.(报刊的)订阅人；消费者，用户 15 adj.确实的，具体的；有形的，实在的 n.混凝土 16 n.理解力，领悟能力；理解练习 ________ vt.理解，领悟，明白 ________ adj.综合的，广泛的，有理解力的 n.综合学校，专业综合测验 17 vi.& vt.(使)停止，终止，结束 18 n.自我价值感 19 *inductive 20 n.推理，理性的观点，论证 ________ n.原因；理由 vt.&vi.推理；推论 ________ adj.合理的；有理由的 21 adj.抽象的，纯理论的 vt.把……抽象出，提取 (________ adv.) ________ adj.心不在焉的 ________ n.心不在焉 22 *swan 23 n.假定，假设 ________ vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露 24 domain 25 adj.职业的，业务知识的 ________ n.职业 26 n.工作，职业；消遣；侵占，占领期；使用 ________ vt.占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于/忙碌 ________ adj.已占用的；无空闲的；使用中的 27 vt.使合格，使具备资格 vi.取得资格(或学历)，合格 ________ adj.合格的；具备资格的 ________ n.资格，资历；学历；合格，达到标准 28 n.成功的机会，前景；可能性 29 adj.机动车的，汽车的 n.发动机，马达 30 n.机构；风俗习惯，制度 ________ n.机构，机构建筑 vt.建立，制定(体系、政策等) 注意：________是偏重科学和艺术的研究所；________是偏重社会机构。 31 vt.& vi.培训，训练；钻(孔) n.练习，训练；钻，钻头 32 n.电路，线路；环行；赛车道 ________ adj.环形的 33 n.能力，胜任 ________ adj.足以胜任的，有能力的，称职的 ________ n.无能，不称职，不胜任 ________ adj.无能为力的，不称职的 (________ adv.) 34 n.娱乐，消遣 ________ v.使得到休养；得到消遣；休息娱乐 ________ adj.娱乐的，消遣的 35 n.灯 36 adj.随机的；辨认不出的；不合常理的 ________ adv.随便地，任意地；无目的地 37 n.统计数字，统计资料 ________ n.统计学 ________ adj.统计的，统计学的 ________ adv.统计(学)上 38 n.平板电脑；药片 39 n.文凭，结业证书；证明，证明书 40 n.胸部，胸脯 41 n.幕，帷幕；窗帘；帘，幔；覆盖物 42 adv.紧紧地，牢固地 adj.牢固的；严格的；密集的；亲密的 ________ v.(使)变紧；加强 ________ adv.紧紧地，牢固地，紧密地 43 adj.明白事理的，成熟的 vi.成熟，长成；有判断力 ________ n.成熟，成年 ________ adj.不成熟 44 n.学生宿舍，集体宿舍 45 n.热闹场面；马戏团 46 n.文章，短文 47 n.几何(学)；几何形状 48 n.段，段落 49 n.笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 50 adj.头晕目眩的；使人眩晕的 ________ n.头晕 51 vi.打喷嚏 n.喷嚏，喷嚏声 52 n.参考；提到；推荐信 vt.查阅，参考 ________(to)参考；涉及；提到；查阅 vt. 涉及，委托，使……求助于 53 n.草稿，草案，草图 vt.起草，草拟 笔者注：________征招入伍 54 vt.& vi.修改，润饰；擦光，磨光 n.抛光，上光；完美，娴熟，精湛 ________ adj.擦亮的，擦过的，精湛的，磨光的，有教养的，优雅的 ________ n.磨光机，磨光工 an apple ________马屁精 55 n.抽屉 56 n.幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出 ________ v.颁发，授予；提出，提交；呈现，展现，出席 n.礼物，现在，目前 ________ n.在场，出现，存在，出席 57 n.自助餐厅，自助食堂 58 vt(.向某人)试探地透露(主意) vi.跳动 n.弹跳；活力 59 n.教授；讲师，教员 ________ adj.专业的 n.专业人士 60 n.胡须，络腮胡子 61 *intimidating 62 n.(火车的)客车厢；(旧时载客的)四轮马车 63 n.壶，水壶 64 n.图书管理员，图书馆馆长 65 n.额，前额 66 n.(为非全日制学生开设的)进修部，进修课；扩大，延伸 ________ vt.延伸，扩大，延长期限，伸出 vi.延伸，伸出，伸展 ________ adj.广阔(大)的，广泛的 (________ adv.) 二、重要短语 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 充满，挤满 拓展 be filled with/be full of be crowded with 2 一定会，很可能会 3 某人意识到 4 被视为，被理解为，被认为 5 向某人试探地透露主意 6 使自己镇定下来 7 闯出一片天地，奋斗取得事业 8 使开始明白，使渐渐领悟，使开始理解 9 (与……)合得来；适应，融入 10 抓紧，不放开，(替别人或更长时间地)保存某物 11 与……步调一致；与……并驾齐驱 拓展 catch up with keep up with set off at a steady/gentle/leisurely pace show one’s paces set the pace pace up and down at one’s own pace 12 推迟，拖延，延期，使反感，使不喜欢 拓展 put aside put away put down put forward put through put together put up put up with 13 考虑，认真思考，反思 14 飞驰而过；掠过 15 订阅；定期订购(或订阅等)；同意，赞成 16 对……真正感兴趣 17 轮流做某事 18 转瞬间；立即 19 和……一样重要 20 通过反复试验；通过探索；摸索 三、经典句型 1. 这并不是说你不需要在学校学习，而是承认通过终身学习来更新你的知识是必要的和有益的。 (there is no need (for sb.)to do sth.及其衍生句型) 2. 我当时并不知道，我即将经历人生中最美好的四年。 (否定副词位于句首的倒装) 3. 我很快意识到，许多大学教授非常愿意分享他们所知道的，并且他们对学生的智力发展真的感兴趣。 (It dawns on sb. that从句 某人意识到……) 说明：涉及词性/形变化的，请查看以上“‘背’一本中的全部单词”板块。 一、核心词汇 1. blank 【词不离句】When I drew a still life, it was impressed upon me that the blank spaces between the objects were just as vital to the success of the composition as the actual objects themselves.(P44) 【拓展延伸】 draw a blank一无所获 (mind/memory)go blank(大脑/记忆)一片空白 turn blank变得茫然 (write)a blank cheque(开)空白支票 fill in the blanks填空 with a blank expression毫无表情，茫然，木然 2. educator 【词不离句】Also, as the great educator Confucius stated, “When you know a thing, to recognize that you know it; and when you do not know a thing, to recognize that you do not know it—that is wisdom.”(P44) 【拓展延伸】 educate sb. in/on sth.就某事教导某人 educate sb. to do sth.教导某人做某事 3. bound 【词不离句】Furthermore, the production of knowledge is bound to grow rapidly.(P44) 【拓展延伸】 be bound for …准备前往；开/飞往 be bound to …(后跟动词原形)一定会 be bound by …受……的约束 注意：bound还可以作动词：bound into蹦蹦跳跳走进 4. resolve 【词不离句】Indeed, you may one day do jobs that do not yet exist, use technologies that are not yet developed and resolve problems that are not yet problems!(P45) 【拓展延伸】 resolve to do sth.下定决心做某事，决定做某事 resolve on(doing)sth.决定(做)某事 be resolved into被分解为…… keep/make/take a resolution to do sth.决心做某事，决定做某事 resolve +that-clause...决定……(It be resolved that ...) 5. refresh 【词不离句】This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.(P45) 【拓展延伸】 refresh sb./oneself with...用……使某人振奋，用……使某人神清气爽 refresh one’s memory唤起某人的记忆，使某人记忆犹新 6. criticize 【词不离句】Do not criticize them or reject them simply because they differ from what you know or believe.(P45) 【拓展延伸】 criticize sb.for sth.因某事批评/指责某人 be(extremely)critical of ... 对……挑剔/提出批评/(吹毛求疵) be critical to对……至关重要的 criticism of sb./sth.对于……的批评/指责 get criticism of ... from ...受到来自对……的批评 7. inquire 【词不离句】Instead, you should inquire further to assess the truth of what you are being told.(P45) 【拓展延伸】 inquire about sb./sth.询问……，打听…… inquire sth.of sb.(inquire of sb. sth.)向某人打听(或询问)某事 inquire after问候 inquire into sth.调查某事，查问某事 have an inquiring mind爱刨根问底 hold/launch an inquiry into sth.对某事进行调查 make an inquiry about询问，打听 8. subscribe 【词不离句】Secondly, take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learning—for example, you could register online and subscribe to e­learning courses, which have become increasingly popular in recent years.(P45) 【拓展延伸】 subscribe to...订阅，赞成/同，同意，接受，在……上签署，向……捐款……，申请 subscribe ... to ...为/向……捐献…… subscribe for认购/买 be a subscriber to是……订户，订阅…… 9. polish 【词不离句】After careful editing and polishing, the result was a much better essay than the last, and it was ready in my desk drawer days before the deadline.(P54) 【拓展延伸】 polish off(迅速)吃完/干完 polish ... up/polish up修改；润色；提高，改善，提高(技能) polish ...(up)with ...用……擦拭…… give a(good)polish to/give ... a(good)polish擦亮(把……好好擦一下/把……好好琢磨一下) 10. presentation 【词不离句】Everyone would be assigned a specific task, and my role was usually to produce the presentation. (P54) 【拓展延伸】 present sb. with sth.=present sth. to sb.把某物颁发/授予/赠送给某人，把某物提交给某人 be present in/at …出席…… give/make a presentation介绍，展示；举办展示会 on presentation of 持有，出示 the presentation of prizes奖品的颁发 at present现在，目前 for the present暂时 二、经典句型 1. there is no need (for sb.)to do sth.及其衍生句型 【原句呈现】This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge with lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.(P45 Lines 20-23)这并不是说你不需要在学校学习，而是承认通过终身学习来更新你的知识是必要的和有益的。 另外：必修三Unit 3 The world online中的句子：There is no need to worry—you can pay for almost everything on your smartphone.(P31 Lines26-27)不用担心，几乎所有的费用你都可以通过智能手机来支付。 【句型解读】 ①句中用了句型：there’s no need to do sth.没必要做某事。如果要说明“某人没必要做某事”，可以在该句型中的动词不定式前面加for sb.。 ②衍生的句型 There is no doubt/debating that...毫无疑问…… There is no denying(the fact) that...不可否认的是…… There’s no point in doing sth.做某事没有意义 There is no sense/use/good/fun in doing sth. 做某事是没有用的/没有意义的/没有必要的/是无聊的(没有乐趣的) There is no difficulty(in)doing sth.做某事没有困难。 例句： ①I think there is no need for us to comment on/upon his action—it speaks for itself. 我认为我们没有必要对他的行为发表评论，这本身就说明了问题。 ②Actually, there is no need to worry about whether you will win or lose. 事实上，你没必要担忧是否会成功。 ③There is no sense/point in giving it up before you give it a try.不试一试就放弃是没有意义的。 ④There is no doubt/debating that this man is closely linked to the theft. 毫无疑问这个人与这起盗窃案有密切的联系。 ⑤There is no fun watching TV at home alone on Sundays.星期天一个人在家看电视没乐趣/很无聊。 ⑥There is no difficulty in solving this social problem.解决这个社会问题一点都不难。 2. 否定副词位于句首的倒装 【原句呈现】Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life.(P53 Lines 20-21) 我当时并不知道，我即将经历人生中最美好的四年。 【句型解读】 本句中否定副词little位于句首，句式用的是部分倒装句，其结构为：否定副词+助动词/情态动词+主语+动词+其他成分。像这样用的常见否定副词还有：hardly, neither, never, nor, not, nowhere, scarcely, seldom等等。此外否定连词(neither ... nor ..., not only ..., not until等等)和否定介词短语(by no means, at no time, under no circumstances, not until等等)位于句首也用部分倒装句。 参看必修一Unit 1 Back to school 经典句型3.介词短语置于句首用倒装 参看选择性必修四Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility 经典句型1.地点状语位于句首时的完全倒装句 例句： ①I loved playing computer games, but very little did I learn from it. 我喜欢玩电脑游戏，但我没有从中学到什么。 ②Never shall I forgive you all my life.我一辈子都不会原谅你。 ③Nowhere shall I go during the summer vacation.暑假我哪里都不去。 ④Scarcely dare I believe that she is our teacher.我几乎不敢相信她就是我们的老师。 ⑤Neither his father nor him do I know at present.目前我既不认识他，也不认识他的父亲。 ⑥Not only did he save me, but also gave me some money home. 他不仅救了我，而且给了我一些回家的路费。 ⑦Not until he arrived at midnight did it begin raining.直到他半夜回来后，天才开始下雨。 ⑧By no means will the athlete give up his dream of becoming a champion. 这位运动员决不放弃他成为冠军的梦想。 ⑨At no time did they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. 事实上他们绝没有违反游戏规则。惩罚他们是不公平的。 ⑩Under no circumstances can you lie to others.在任何情况下你都不能对他人撒谎。 3. It dawns on sb. that从句 某人意识到…… 【原句呈现】It soon dawned on me that many university professors are quite willing to share what they know, and they do take a genuine interest in their students' intellectual development.(P55 Lines 42-44)我很快意识到，许多大学教授非常愿意分享他们所知道的，并且他们对学生的智力发展真的感兴趣。 【句型解读】 It dawns on sb. that从句　意为“某人意识到/(开始)明白……”。在该句型中it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。 参看选择性必修一Unit 2 The Universal Language 经典句型2. It turns/turned out that...句型 例句： ①It gradually dawned on me that I couldn’t afford to waste any time.我渐渐明白我不能再浪费时间了。 ②With food knocked over, it dawned on me that life could be challenging for the disabled. 食物被打翻后，我意识到生活对残疾人来说可能是一个挑战。 附录：以下核心词汇及经典句型参看本系列资料的相关单元中的内容 1. assumption 【词不离句】Before the first black swan was seen, the assumption was that all swans were white.(P47) 参看必修二Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy 核心词汇2. assume 2. occupation 【词不离句】It generally prepares people to work in a specific occupation by teaching theory in the classroom and offering hands­on training in the workplace.(P48) 参看选择性必修三Unit 2 Out of This World 核心词汇3. occupy 核心词汇qualify 【词不离句】Vocational education is no less important than academic education because it can qualify applicants to work in a particular field.(P48) 参看选择性必修四Unit 3 Careers and skills 核心词汇6. qualification before引导时间状语从句 【原句呈现】Before I knew it, the ceremony was over and the curtain had come down on my university life. (P53 Lines 8-9)还没等我反应过来，典礼就结束了，我的大学生活也落下了帷幕。 选择性必修三Unit 3 Back to the Past 经典句型1.before时间状语从句 一、单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式) 1. They had accidentally damaged a gas pipe while ________(钻孔). 2. Parents can provide ________(具体的)assistance for children to participate in physical activities. 3. If praise is sincere and focused om the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a ________(口头的)reward. 4. We will forever focus on serving all kinds of Internet users who are ________(注册)on our site. 5. He never ________(停止)to chase after his dream in his youth. 6. Try not to link your sense of ________(自我价值感)with the opinions of others. 7. He stuck the ________(证书)of honor on the wall to remind himself that he had to work harder to succeed. 8. His head injury causes ________(晕)and nausea. 9. There was a time when I became________(晕)at the thought of study. 10. Since time is limited, I _________(起草)out my speech in 10 minutes. 11. The children were being ________(训练)to leave the classroom quickly when the fire bell rang. 12. At that time, a few ________(机构)of higher education began to admit women in restricted numbers. 13. Steam engines were used to pull the ________(车厢)and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. 14. If you think you are q________ for the job, you can write an application with ________(职业的)q________ and previous work experience. 15. Morning sunshine flooded in through the open ________(窗帘). 16. To do ________(练习)is important in language learning. 17. After finishing my duty last night, I came back to my ________(宿舍)very late and found myself locked outside the room. 18. The team is ________(组成)of experienced and ________(成熟)________(专业人士), most of whom graduated from key universities in China. 19. In a word, the ________(前景)are bright, yet the road has twists and turns. 20. The manager got to the company in a hurry, only to find that he had left his ________(笔记本电脑/平板电脑) at home. 21. The rescue workers brought tents and ________(灯)to the shelters where the victims were staying. 22. The visiting ________(马戏团)was an excitement to every child in town. 23.The ________(教授)wish I could work out the ________(抽象) ________(几何)problem. 24. He usually puts the ________(药片)in the top ________(抽屉)to make sure it will not be accessible to the kids. 25. The ________(自助餐厅)charges customers on an hourly basis for the service. 26. Never will John shave his ________(胡子)if his school team fails to achieve a 50%+ win rate. 27. The ________(统计资料)reflect a change in people’s spending habits. 28. He took a pen and struck out two ________(段)from his e________. 29. Elvis’ musical life was cut short when he was d________ into the army in 1958. 30. The publisher set a deadline for the author to submit the final d________ . 31. Infections are spread by coughing, spitting, and s________. 32. —Your s________ tells me you may have a flu. —No. It’s just that I can’t stand the smell of the paint here. 33. The most pleasant thing of being a l________ is that I can read as many books as I can. 34. The teacher gently touched her f________ to check if she had a fever. 35.I am pleased to see that naughty boy has m________into a sensible young man. 36. A________ that I am chosen to be a volunteer, I will serve the people heart and soul. 37. Electric cars produce about 80 percent less pollution than those with gas-powered m________. 38. He lay on his back, with arms crossed on his b________, and his glaring eyes looking straight upward. 39. She slowly poured water into the bottle from the k________. 40. The r________ book our Chinese teacher r________ to yesterday is worth reading. 二、词性/形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空) 1. The headmaster explained that children were too ________(mature)to fully understand the possible consequences of disclosing private information on social networking sites. 2. Despite a grown-up (man)/an adult, Jack sometimes acts ________(mature). 3. It’s necessary for us to make use of the available ________(statistic)data to predict the future trend. 4. Sometimes devices fail because a good design is constructed with low quality materials ________(competent) applied. 5. Most of the applicants who apply for the position of the firm are ________(competent). 6. Meg was so ________(abstract)that she scarcely noticed that the train had stopped. 7. Andrew noticed her (abstract)and asked: “What’s bothering you?” 8. It is well known that marriage without ________(register)is not recognized by law. 9. Amy is talking to the teacher in the ________(register)office about getting her student ID card. 10. Some of his ________(compose)are based on songs dating back to the mid-fifteenth century. 11. The talented ________ and singer showed us around his studio where he ________ the song Forever Young. (compose) 12. To sum up, I think we should take a calm, ________(object)view of network language. 13. The ________(object)of the activity are to build students’ character and practice their teamwork skills. 14. The main ________(object)to the plan was that it would cost too much. 15. The students were doing a ________(comprehend)review of the term’s work. 16. The students looked at me ________(blank)without any ________(comprehend)of what I had said. 17. You ________ she was right. How can you prove that your ________ is reasonable? (assume) 18. He ________ an important position in a company, and is ________ with all kinds of activities, so his ________ brings him great fame and fortune.(occupy) 19. I hope to develop ________(competent)in a variety of skills by joining different clubs. 20. He was found guilty. As a consequence he lost the job and was accused of ________(competent). 21. ________(educate), combined with ________(recreate), is what some film-makers want to put into their films. 22. He was so absorbed in the research that he had no time left for ________(recreate)activities. 23. Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection holds that variation within species occurs ________(random). 24. The two old friends hugged each other ________(tight)after separating so long a time. 25. You should weigh up the advantages and disadvantages and wait patiently for the ________(mature)of the plan. 26. Speaking fluent English like English native speakers requires ________(extend)exposure to the English environment. 27. The theme of this conference is relevant the ________(extend)of retirement age. 28. China recently ________(tight)its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from being attacked in the South China Sea. 29. There’s a ________(circuit) track that goes around the park. 30. The smart boy is able to grasp ideas that others cannot even imagine, because he has an unusual ability to think ________(abstract). 三、短语填空(从“背”一本“短语”栏目中选择恰当的短语填空) 说明：每个短语只能用一次，且选择范围不包括拓展短语。 1. It ___________________ me that learning a foreign language well is of great importance. 2. To be brief, no matter who you are and what you are doing, you should have your dreams and _____________ them because they give you chances to taste success. 3. He’s a good salesman, but his offhand manner does tend to ________ people ________. 4. Before walking out onto the stage, Lily took several deep breaths to ________________. 5. To my surprise, he ____________ me in a dark green jeep. 6. Find books you ________________ in to help you build motivation. 7. ____________________, they successfully discovered qinghaosu—the most effective part of the qinghao extract. 8. The problem of air pollution would become _______________________ that of unemployment. 9. Tall grasses and trees dotted the plains, which __________________ the African wildlife we had come to see. 10. If given more time, we _______________ complete the task better. 11. This discovery _______________ a major breakthrough, which made people excited. 12. This Chinese company has an urgent desire to _______________ the development of high technology in the world. 13. He succeeded in _______________ a career in the media. 14. It _____________ me that only with limitless efforts can we win others’ respect and light up our own life. 15. She doesn’t _______________ his pessimistic view of the state of the economy. 16. The young parents had to ________________ care for the sick baby. 17. It came to me _____________ of inspiration, resulting in what happened afterwards. 18. Don’t try to _____________ everyone, and find people with the common interest. 19. Being reflective is an important part of active learning. That is because you are thinking actively and critically while _________________ the learning materials. 20. He __________________ colleagues everywhere he went. 【答案】bounced ideas off 【句意】他每到一个地方都会和同事交流想法。 四、核心词汇(根据要求完成相关任务) 1. blank 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Write on one side of the paper and leave the other side ________. ②He stared at the exam paper ________, not knowing what to write. 完成句子 ③到目前为止，警方的调查一无所获。 So far, ___________________________________. ④她面无表情地盯着我。 She _______________________________________________. ⑤我们不打算给那些陷入困境的公司开空白支票。 We are not prepared ________________________ for companies that have run into trouble.  ⑥我这辈子从来没有这样无助过，以至于我一动不动地站在那里，大脑一片空白。 Never before in my life had I been so helpless ______________________________________________. ⑦吉姆正在家看一部深夜电影，在一个令人激动的场景中，电视机突然一片空白。 Jim was watching a late night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, _____________ ___________. ⑧要求学生们在读完课文后填空课文总结。 The students _____________________________ of the summary of the text after they finished reading. ⑨明亮的眼睛变得迟钝和茫然，很快变得不感兴趣，因为我无法正确回答他们的任何问题。 The bright eyes _____________________, quickly becoming uninterested because I could not properly answer any of their questions. 2. educator 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①In order to receive good________, she was admitted into a key school which is in the south of China to be ________. ②As China has boomed, the ________ environment has improved significantly, with many great universities now available. ③________ must help students thinking in a critical perspective. ④He says even some  ________ people are having trouble finding work around the world.  完成句子 ⑤这一运动旨在教育公众爱护环境。 The campaign is intended _________________________________.  ⑥有必要对儿童进行吸毒危害的教育。 Children need  _________________________ the dangers of drug-taking.  3. bound 完成句子 ①我相信只要你镇定下来，致力于比赛，你一定会成功。 I am convinced that only if you ___________ and are devoted to the competition _____________________. ②现代艺术家不应受环境、传统或自身的束缚。 Modern artists _________________________________ or themselves. ③我们要去西藏，一个很值得一去的地方。 We _________________________, a place well worth a visit. ④当我到达车站时，开往北京的火车开走了。 When I reached the station, __________________________. ⑤波莉拿着一封信蹦蹦跳跳地走进房间。 Polly came _______________________ holding a letter. 4. resolve 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Please give me your account number, sir, and I’ll inquire and make sure the issue________ as soon as possible. ②Always bear in mind that your own ________ to succeed is more important than anything else. 完成句子 ③与其下定决心减肥，不如试试一个可行的决心：我不再吃甜点了。 Instead of _____________________, try an actionable resolution: I’ll stop having dessert for lunch. ④这种化学物质可以分解为酸和氧。 ____________________________ an acid and oxygen. ⑤作为一个体贴的丈夫，他决定不告诉她身体健康的真相。 As a considerate husband, he ________________________ of her health. ⑥已决定将此事提交上级主管部门处理。 _____________________ the matter should be referred to a higher authority. 5. refresh 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Jan returned from vacation feeling relaxed and ________; she must have had a very ________ vacation. ②A walk at dawn or dusk helps you keep young. Try to make it a daily habit, which will guarantee you both physical and spiritual ________. ③Restaurants of considerable sizes may have fully prepared more than a hundred refreshments for customers to choose from. 完成句子 ④我昨晚睡得很晚，今天早上起得很早，我需要喝杯咖啡来恢复精神。 Going to bed very late last night and getting up early this morning, I need _________________________. ⑤他走在街的对面，以唤起对这座建筑的记忆。 He walked on the opposite side of the street ________________________________. 6. criticize 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①He was severely ________, and he felt ashamed of this ________ so he resigned from his post. ②_________ in front of the whole class made me feel embarrassed. ③One of her ________ accused her of caring only about success. ④We are at a ________ time in history. ⑤Learning to think ________(criticize)is an important skill that today’s children will need for the future. 完成句子 ⑥这项研究表明与孩子交流对他们的情感发展至关重要。 The study shows that communication with your children ___________________________________. ⑦她对食物很挑剔。这就是她保持苗条的原因。 She ___________________________. This is the reason why she remains thin. ⑧当地政府因没有认真对待这个问题而受到批评。 The local government __________________________________. ⑨这位女士对一切都吹毛求疵。 The lady ________________________________. ⑩他讨厌老师批评他作文写得不好。 He hated it when _______________________ in the composition ___________________. 7. inquire 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①We suspect they are trying to hide something, hence the need for an independent ________. ②We received over 300 ________ about the job. ③All this helps children to develop an ________ attitude to learning.  ④The information in this report is provided as an accommodation to the ________. 完成句子 ⑤她还是忍不住打探他的消息，渴望知道他的近况，他的生活是怎么样的。 She still can not help but ____________________, eager to know his situation, he's kind of how life is.  ⑥立即写信向他问清楚缺席会议的原因。 Write without delay _______________________________________  the conference.  ⑦如果你想要询问打折的细节，你可以联系我们的市场销售部经理。 You can contact our sales and marketing manager, if you want _________________________________. ⑧每当谈到美食时，那个小男孩总是爱刨根问底。 Whenever it comes to delicious food, the little boy ___________________________. ⑨他皱起眉头，决定把事情彻底调查一遍。 He frowned and determined to __________________________. ⑩第二天，马克西姆带来了康乃馨，询问了她的健康状况。 The following day, Maxim brought her carnations and ____________________________. ⑪对事故原因的正式调查已经展开。 ______________________________ the cause of the accident. 8. subscribe 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①________ are cheaper for individual members. ②You can become a member by paying the yearly ________. ③Write away now for the free album offered to every new ________. 完成句子 ④多年来，我一直是《中国日报》的订户/我订阅中国日报已经好多年了。 I ___________________________________ for many years. ⑤这位商人为医院捐了一大笔钱。 The businessman ______________________________ for the hospital. ⑥这本书印刷时有多少人认购了？ How many people _____________________________ when it is printed? ⑦我试图在会上说服在场的人同意我的提议，但徒劳无功。 I tried to _____________________________ at the meeting, but in vain. ⑧谁是第一个在《独立宣言》上签名的人？ _____________________________ the Declaration of Independence? ⑨她已购买了一本新编的汉英词典。 She _________________________________. 9. polish 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The children loved sliding round the newly ________ floor. ②“An apple ________” is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment. 完成句子 ③我劝你在把文章送交编辑以前再润色一次。 I advise you to _____________________________ before you send it to the editor. ④用一块布擦拭你的皮鞋没什么用。你最好将它们送给专业人士保养。 It’s no use _________________________________.You’d better have them maintained by professionals. ⑤显然，所有在场的学者都对他精湛的技艺印象深刻。 Evidently, all the scholars present ______________________________. ⑥玛丽很早就把作业做完了，因此她可以看电视了。 Mary _____________________________ so that she could watch TV. ⑦他摘下眼镜，擦了擦。 He took off his glasses and __________________________. ⑧你出去的时候需要把鞋子好好擦一擦。 You’ll need __________________________ when you go out. ⑨她快速吃完一两片面包后便又开始干活了。 Having ______________________________, she started work again. ⑩这家公司需要改善形象以获得更大的利润。 The company needs to ______________________ to make a bigger profit. 10. presentation 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Though journalists are committed to ________ the truth, it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports. ②Before graduation, students exchange ________ with each other. ③His ________ at the meeting made everybody excited. ④I admire the clear, logical ________ of her arguments. ⑤There is a ________ of a new play tonight. 完成句子 ⑥我们的校长将向在接力赛中表现好的学生颁奖。 Our headmaster _________________________ who perform well in the relay race. ⑦我非常感谢能有机会在会议上提出我对人工智能的看法。 I really appreciate being given the chance _______________________ on AI at the meeting. ⑧在他退休之际，同事们赠送给他一套高尔夫球杆(golf clubs)。 On his retirement, his colleagues ____________________________. ⑨出席会议的有来自世界各地的著名表演家和作曲家。 ___________________________________ from all around the world. ⑩这位自豪的学生非常满意地向父母介绍了她的新设计。 With great satisfaction, the proud student _______________________ her parents. ⑪许多家长出席了会议。 A great many parents _____________________. ⑫为了吸引更多的潜在客户，销售经理将在网上介绍新款平板电脑。 To attract more potential customers, the sales manager will ________________ on the new tablets online. ⑬会员出示会员证即可进入俱乐部。 Members will be admitted into the club _______________________________.  ⑭在演讲结束后开始颁奖。 _______________________ after the speeches. ⑮这件事我打算暂时搁一搁。 I will leave the matter as it stands __________________.  ⑯他在会上说的话使在场的每个人都很惊讶。 What he said at the meeting _____________________. ⑰你最好别惹他，他现在正生气呢。 You’d better leave him alone, for _____________________. 五、句型仿写 1. 你没有必要节食。相对于你的身高来说，你只是稍微超重了一点。 ______________________________. You are only slightly overweight in relation to your height. 2. 不用担心，你的新电脑在保修期内。 ________________________, for your new computer is _______________. 3. 不可否认，南京是一个拥有众多旅游景点的美丽城市。 _________________________________ with many tourist attractions.  4. 毫无疑问，我们在一生中会遇到各种各样的困难。 ____________________________________ various difficulties in our life. 5. 他们英语很好，但对德语却知之甚少。 They have a good knowledge of English ______________________ about German. 6. 我从没见过一个这么美丽的山谷。到处都是小河，花草树木。 _______________________ a more beautiful valley. There are small rivers, flowers and trees everywhere. 7. 我最近既没见到他，也没收到他的来信。 _________________________ him recently, __________________________ him. 8. 她一次也没有抬起她的头欣赏窗外的景色。 ___________________________ enjoy the view outside her window. 9. 我突然意识到，钱不能弥补他在过去5年所遭受的一切。 __________________________ money couldn’t make up for all that he had suffered in the past five years. 10. 多年以后，我才开始明白我父母的生日从未被提及。 Many years later, ________________________ my parents’ birthdays were never mentioned. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 选择性必修四Unit 4 Never too old to learn 强基固本 一、全部单词 序号 原词 词性、词义 词性/形转换 1 *auditory adj.听的，听觉的 2 *verbal adj.口头的；言语的，文字的 nonverbal adj.非语言的 3 blank adj.空白的 n.空白处，空格 blankly adv.茫然地，茫然若失地 4 composition n.构图；构成，成分；作品；作曲艺术 compose vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静 composer n.作曲家，作曲者 5 educator n.教育家；教育工作者 educate vt.(在学校)教育；教导，教养 well-educated adj.受过良好教育的；有教养的 education n.(尤指学校)教育；培养，训练；教育机构，教育界人士；教育学 educational adj.教育的，;有关教育的，有教育意义的 6 Confucius n.孔子 7 bound adj.一定会，很可能会；有义务(做某事) 8 resolve vt.& vi.解决；表决；决心，决定 n.决心，坚定的信念 resolution n.决心，决定；决议；解决 resolved adj.坚定(决)的，下定决心的 9 refresh vt.使变新；使恢复精力；使想起 refreshed adj.adj.恢复了精力的，精神振作的，神清气爽的 refreshing adj.令人耳目一新的；别具一格的；使人精力充沛的 refreshment n.茶点，点心，恢复活力，焕发精神 10 objective adj.客观的；客观存在的；宾格的 n.目标，目的 object n.对象，目的，目标 v.反对，不同意，不赞成 objection n.反对的理由；反对；异议 subjective主观的，主观的，个人的，自觉的 11 criticize (also criticise) vt.& vi.批评，批判，挑剔，指责；评价 criticism n.批评；批判；指责 critical adj.批评的；批判性的；挑剔的；极为重要的 critic n.批评家；评论员；批评者；挑剔的人critically adv.批判性地；苛求地 12 inquire vi.& vt.询问，打听 inquiry n.调查，查究；询问，打听；探究，探索inquiring adj.询问的，爱问的，打听的，好奇的，探究的，爱追根究底的 inquirer n.询问者，调查人 13 register vi.& vt.登记，注册 n.语体风格，语域；登记表 registration n.登记，注册 registry n.登记处=register=registration office 14 subscribe vi.定期订购(或订阅等) subscription n. (报刊等的)订阅费，订购款；订阅，订购；(向慈善机构的)定期捐款 subscriber n.(报刊的)订阅人；消费者，用户 15 concrete adj.确实的，具体的；有形的，实在的 n.混凝土 16 comprehension n.理解力，领悟能力；理解练习 comprehend vt.理解，领悟，明白 comprehensive adj.综合的，广泛的，有理解力的 n.综合学校，专业综合测验 17 cease vi.& vt.(使)停止，终止，结束 18 self-worth n.自我价值感 19 *inductive adj.归纳的，归纳法的 20 reasoning n.推理，理性的观点，论证 reason n.原因；理由 vt.&vi.推理；推论 reasonable adj.合理的；有理由的 21 abstract adj.抽象的，纯理论的 vt.把……抽象出，提取 (abstractly adv.) abstracted adj.心不在焉的 abstraction n.心不在焉 22 *swan n.天鹅 23 assumption n.假定，假设 assume vt.假定，认为；承担(责任)，就(职)；呈现，显露 24 domain n.领域，范围；领土；域 25 *vocational adj.职业的，业务知识的 vocation n.职业 26 occupation n.工作，职业；消遣；侵占，占领期；使用 occupy vt.占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于/忙碌 occupied adj.已占用的；无空闲的；使用中的 27 qualify vt.使合格，使具备资格 vi.取得资格(或学历)，合格 qualified adj.合格的；具备资格的 qualification n.资格，资历；学历；合格，达到标准 28 prospect n.成功的机会，前景；可能性 29 motor adj.机动车的，汽车的 n.发动机，马达 30 institution n.机构；风俗习惯，制度 institute n.机构，机构建筑 vt.建立，制定(体系、政策等) 注意：institute是偏重科学和艺术的研究所；institution是偏重社会机构。 31 drill vt.& vi.培训，训练；钻(孔) n.练习，训练；钻，钻头 32 circuit n.电路，线路；环行；赛车道 circular adj.环形的 33 competence n.能力，胜任 competent adj.足以胜任的，有能力的，称职的 incompetence n.无能，不称职，不胜任 incompetent adj.无能为力的，不称职的 (incompetently adv.) 34 recreation n.娱乐，消遣 recreate v.使得到休养；得到消遣；休息娱乐 recreational adj.娱乐的，消遣的 35 lamp n.灯 36 random adj.随机的；辨认不出的；不合常理的 randomly adv.随便地，任意地；无目的地 37 statistic n.统计数字，统计资料 statistics n.统计学 statistical adj.统计的，统计学的 statistically adv.统计(学)上 38 tablet n.平板电脑；药片 39 certificate n.文凭，结业证书；证明，证明书 40 breast n.胸部，胸脯 41 curtain n.幕，帷幕；窗帘；帘，幔；覆盖物 42 tight adv.紧紧地，牢固地 adj.牢固的；严格的；密集的；亲密的 tighten v.(使)变紧；加强 tightly adv.紧紧地，牢固地，紧密地 43 mature adj.明白事理的，成熟的 vi.成熟，长成；有判断力 maturity n.成熟，成年 immature adj.不成熟 44 dormitory n.学生宿舍，集体宿舍 45 circus n.热闹场面；马戏团 46 essay n.文章，短文 47 geometry n.几何(学)；几何形状 48 paragraph n.段，段落 49 laptop n.笔记本电脑，便携式电脑 50 dizzy adj.头晕目眩的；使人眩晕的 dizziness n.头晕 51 sneeze vi.打喷嚏 n.喷嚏，喷嚏声 52 reference n.参考；提到；推荐信 vt.查阅，参考 refer(to)参考；涉及；提到；查阅 vt. 涉及，委托，使……求助于 53 draft n.草稿，草案，草图 vt.起草，草拟 笔者注：draft into征招入伍 54 polish vt.& vi.修改，润饰；擦光，磨光 n.抛光，上光；完美，娴熟，精湛 polished adj.擦亮的，擦过的，精湛的，磨光的，有教养的，优雅的 polisher n.磨光机，磨光工 an apple polisher马屁精 55 drawer n.抽屉 56 presentation n.幻灯片演示；提交，授予；展示会；演出 present v.颁发，授予；提出，提交；呈现，展现，出席 n.礼物，现在，目前 presence n.在场，出现，存在，出席 57 cafeteria n.自助餐厅，自助食堂 58 bounce vt(.向某人)试探地透露(主意) vi.跳动 n.弹跳；活力 59 professor n.教授；讲师，教员 professional adj.专业的 n.专业人士 60 beard n.胡须，络腮胡子 61 *intimidating adj.吓人的，令人胆怯的 62 carriage n.(火车的)客车厢；(旧时载客的)四轮马车 63 kettle n.壶，水壶 64 librarian n.图书管理员，图书馆馆长 65 forehead n.额，前额 66 extension n.(为非全日制学生开设的)进修部，进修课；扩大，延伸 extend vt.延伸，扩大，延长期限，伸出 vi.延伸，伸出，伸展 extensive adj.广阔(大)的，广泛的 (extensively adv.) 二、重要短语 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 be alive with 充满，挤满 拓展 be filled with/be full of be crowded with 充满 挤满了人，充满，满是 2 be bound to 一定会，很可能会 3 be impressed on/upon sb. 某人意识到 4 be perceived as 被视为，被理解为，被认为 5 bounce ideas off sb. 向某人试探地透露主意 6 compose oneself 使自己镇定下来 7 carve out 闯出一片天地，奋斗取得事业 8 dawn on 使开始明白，使渐渐领悟，使开始理解 9 fit in(with) (与……)合得来；适应，融入 10 hold on to 抓紧，不放开，(替别人或更长时间地)保存某物 11 keep pace with ... 与……步调一致；与……并驾齐驱 拓展 catch up with keep up with set off at a steady/gentle/leisurely pace show one’s paces set the pace pace up and down at one’s own pace 赶上 跟上 以稳定的/徐缓的/悠闲的步子出发 展示自己的能力 确定速度；确立标准；领先 来回踱步 按某人自己的节奏 12 put off 推迟，拖延，延期，使反感，使不喜欢 拓展 put aside put away put down put forward put through put together put up put up with 把……撇开不理，不考虑 把……收起来 写下，记下 提出，将……提前 接通电话 组装 建造，张贴，为……提供住宿 忍受，忍耐 13 reflect on 考虑，认真思考，反思 14 speed by 飞驰而过；掠过 15 subscribe to 订阅；定期订购(或订阅等)；同意，赞成 16 take a genuine interest in 对……真正感兴趣 17 take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 18 in a flash 转瞬间；立即 19 no less important than 和……一样重要 20 through trial and error 通过反复试验；通过探索；摸索 三、经典句型 1. there is no need (for sb.)to do sth.及其衍生句型 【原句呈现】This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge with lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.(P45 Lines 20-23)这并不是说你不需要在学校学习，而是承认通过终身学习来更新你的知识是必要的和有益的。 另外：必修三Unit 3 The world online中的句子：There is no need to worry—you can pay for almost everything on your smartphone.(P31 Lines26-27)不用担心，几乎所有的费用你都可以通过智能手机来支付。 2. 否定副词位于句首的倒装 【原句呈现】Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life.(P53 Lines 20-21) 我当时并不知道，我即将经历人生中最美好的四年。 3. It dawns on sb. that从句 某人意识到…… 【原句呈现】It soon dawned on me that many university professors are quite willing to share what they know, and they do take a genuine interest in their students' intellectual development.(P55 Lines 42-44)我很快意识到，许多大学教授非常愿意分享他们所知道的，并且他们对学生的智力发展真的感兴趣。 说明：涉及词性/形变化的，请查看以上“‘背’一本中的全部单词”板块。 一、核心词汇 1. blank 【词不离句】When I drew a still life, it was impressed upon me that the blank spaces between the objects were just as vital to the success of the composition as the actual objects themselves.(P44) 【拓展延伸】 draw a blank一无所获 (mind/memory)go blank(大脑/记忆)一片空白 turn blank变得茫然 (write)a blank cheque(开)空白支票 fill in the blanks填空 with a blank expression毫无表情，茫然，木然 2. educator 【词不离句】Also, as the great educator Confucius stated, “When you know a thing, to recognize that you know it; and when you do not know a thing, to recognize that you do not know it—that is wisdom.”(P44) 【拓展延伸】 educate sb. in/on sth.就某事教导某人 educate sb. to do sth.教导某人做某事 3. bound 【词不离句】Furthermore, the production of knowledge is bound to grow rapidly.(P44) 【拓展延伸】 be bound for …准备前往；开/飞往 be bound to …(后跟动词原形)一定会 be bound by …受……的约束 注意：bound还可以作动词：bound into蹦蹦跳跳走进 4. resolve 【词不离句】Indeed, you may one day do jobs that do not yet exist, use technologies that are not yet developed and resolve problems that are not yet problems!(P45) 【拓展延伸】 resolve to do sth.下定决心做某事，决定做某事 resolve on(doing)sth.决定(做)某事 be resolved into被分解为…… keep/make/take a resolution to do sth.决心做某事，决定做某事 resolve +that-clause...决定……(It be resolved that ...) 5. refresh 【词不离句】This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge through lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.(P45) 【拓展延伸】 refresh sb./oneself with...用……使某人振奋，用……使某人神清气爽 refresh one’s memory唤起某人的记忆，使某人记忆犹新 6. criticize 【词不离句】Do not criticize them or reject them simply because they differ from what you know or believe.(P45) 【拓展延伸】 criticize sb.for sth.因某事批评/指责某人 be(extremely)critical of ... 对……挑剔/提出批评/(吹毛求疵) be critical to对……至关重要的 criticism of sb./sth.对于……的批评/指责 get criticism of ... from ...受到来自对……的批评 7. inquire 【词不离句】Instead, you should inquire further to assess the truth of what you are being told.(P45) 【拓展延伸】 inquire about sb./sth.询问……，打听…… inquire sth.of sb.(inquire of sb. sth.)向某人打听(或询问)某事 inquire after问候 inquire into sth.调查某事，查问某事 have an inquiring mind爱刨根问底 hold/launch an inquiry into sth.对某事进行调查 make an inquiry about询问，打听 8. subscribe 【词不离句】Secondly, take advantage of opportunities for lifelong learning—for example, you could register online and subscribe to e­learning courses, which have become increasingly popular in recent years.(P45) 【拓展延伸】 subscribe to...订阅，赞成/同，同意，接受，在……上签署，向……捐款……，申请 subscribe ... to ...为/向……捐献…… subscribe for认购/买 be a subscriber to是……订户，订阅…… 9. polish 【词不离句】After careful editing and polishing, the result was a much better essay than the last, and it was ready in my desk drawer days before the deadline.(P54) 【拓展延伸】 polish off(迅速)吃完/干完 polish ... up/polish up修改；润色；提高，改善，提高(技能) polish ...(up)with ...用……擦拭…… give a(good)polish to/give ... a(good)polish擦亮(把……好好擦一下/把……好好琢磨一下) 10. presentation 【词不离句】Everyone would be assigned a specific task, and my role was usually to produce the presentation. (P54) 【拓展延伸】 present sb. with sth.=present sth. to sb.把某物颁发/授予/赠送给某人，把某物提交给某人 be present in/at …出席…… give/make a presentation介绍，展示；举办展示会 on presentation of 持有，出示 the presentation of prizes奖品的颁发 at present现在，目前 for the present暂时 二、经典句型 1. there is no need (for sb.)to do sth.及其衍生句型 【原句呈现】This is not to suggest that there is no need for you to study in school but to acknowledge that refreshing your knowledge with lifelong learning is both essential and beneficial.(P45 Lines 20-23)这并不是说你不需要在学校学习，而是承认通过终身学习来更新你的知识是必要的和有益的。 另外：必修三Unit 3 The world online中的句子：There is no need to worry—you can pay for almost everything on your smartphone.(P31 Lines26-27)不用担心，几乎所有的费用你都可以通过智能手机来支付。 【句型解读】 ①句中用了句型：there’s no need to do sth.没必要做某事。如果要说明“某人没必要做某事”，可以在该句型中的动词不定式前面加for sb.。 ②衍生的句型 There is no doubt/debating that...毫无疑问…… There is no denying(the fact) that...不可否认的是…… There’s no point in doing sth.做某事没有意义 There is no sense/use/good/fun in doing sth. 做某事是没有用的/没有意义的/没有必要的/是无聊的(没有乐趣的) There is no difficulty(in)doing sth.做某事没有困难。 例句： ①I think there is no need for us to comment on/upon his action—it speaks for itself. 我认为我们没有必要对他的行为发表评论，这本身就说明了问题。 ②Actually, there is no need to worry about whether you will win or lose. 事实上，你没必要担忧是否会成功。 ③There is no sense/point in giving it up before you give it a try.不试一试就放弃是没有意义的。 ④There is no doubt/debating that this man is closely linked to the theft. 毫无疑问这个人与这起盗窃案有密切的联系。 ⑤There is no fun watching TV at home alone on Sundays.星期天一个人在家看电视没乐趣/很无聊。 ⑥There is no difficulty in solving this social problem.解决这个社会问题一点都不难。 2. 否定副词位于句首的倒装 【原句呈现】Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life.(P53 Lines 20-21) 我当时并不知道，我即将经历人生中最美好的四年。 【句型解读】 本句中否定副词little位于句首，句式用的是部分倒装句，其结构为：否定副词+助动词/情态动词+主语+动词+其他成分。像这样用的常见否定副词还有：hardly, neither, never, nor, not, nowhere, scarcely, seldom等等。此外否定连词(neither ... nor ..., not only ..., not until等等)和否定介词短语(by no means, at no time, under no circumstances, not until等等)位于句首也用部分倒装句。 参看必修一Unit 1 Back to school 经典句型3.介词短语置于句首用倒装 参看选择性必修四Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility 经典句型1.地点状语位于句首时的完全倒装句 例句： ①I loved playing computer games, but very little did I learn from it. 我喜欢玩电脑游戏，但我没有从中学到什么。 ②Never shall I forgive you all my life.我一辈子都不会原谅你。 ③Nowhere shall I go during the summer vacation.暑假我哪里都不去。 ④Scarcely dare I believe that she is our teacher.我几乎不敢相信她就是我们的老师。 ⑤Neither his father nor him do I know at present.目前我既不认识他，也不认识他的父亲。 ⑥Not only did he save me, but also gave me some money home. 他不仅救了我，而且给了我一些回家的路费。 ⑦Not until he arrived at midnight did it begin raining.直到他半夜回来后，天才开始下雨。 ⑧By no means will the athlete give up his dream of becoming a champion. 这位运动员决不放弃他成为冠军的梦想。 ⑨At no time did they actually break the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. 事实上他们绝没有违反游戏规则。惩罚他们是不公平的。 ⑩Under no circumstances can you lie to others.在任何情况下你都不能对他人撒谎。 3. It dawns on sb. that从句 某人意识到…… 【原句呈现】It soon dawned on me that many university professors are quite willing to share what they know, and they do take a genuine interest in their students' intellectual development.(P55 Lines 42-44)我很快意识到，许多大学教授非常愿意分享他们所知道的，并且他们对学生的智力发展真的感兴趣。 【句型解读】 It dawns on sb. that从句　意为“某人意识到/(开始)明白……”。在该句型中it是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语。 参看选择性必修一Unit 2 The Universal Language 经典句型2. It turns/turned out that...句型 例句： ①It gradually dawned on me that I couldn’t afford to waste any time.我渐渐明白我不能再浪费时间了。 ②With food knocked over, it dawned on me that life could be challenging for the disabled. 食物被打翻后，我意识到生活对残疾人来说可能是一个挑战。 附录：以下核心词汇及经典句型参看本系列资料的相关单元中的内容 1. assumption 【词不离句】Before the first black swan was seen, the assumption was that all swans were white.(P47) 参看必修二Unit 2 Be sporty, be healthy 核心词汇2. assume 2. occupation 【词不离句】It generally prepares people to work in a specific occupation by teaching theory in the classroom and offering hands­on training in the workplace.(P48) 参看选择性必修三Unit 2 Out of This World 核心词汇3. occupy 核心词汇qualify 【词不离句】Vocational education is no less important than academic education because it can qualify applicants to work in a particular field.(P48) 参看选择性必修四Unit 3 Careers and skills 核心词汇6. qualification before引导时间状语从句 【原句呈现】Before I knew it, the ceremony was over and the curtain had come down on my university life. (P53 Lines 8-9)还没等我反应过来，典礼就结束了，我的大学生活也落下了帷幕。 选择性必修三Unit 3 Back to the Past 经典句型1.before时间状语从句 一、单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式) 1. They had accidentally damaged a gas pipe while ________(钻孔). 【答案】drilling 【句意】他们在钻孔时意外损坏了煤气管道。 2. Parents can provide ________(具体的)assistance for children to participate in physical activities. 【答案】concrete 【句意】家长可以为孩子参加体育活动提供具体帮助。 3. If praise is sincere and focused om the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a ________(口头的)reward. 【答案】verbal 【句意】如果表扬是真诚的，注重的是努力而不是结果，你可以在每次你的孩子做了值得口头奖励的事情时给予表扬。 4. We will forever focus on serving all kinds of Internet users who are ________(注册)on our site. 【答案】registered 【句意】我们将永远专注于服务在我们网站上注册的各类互联网用户。 5. He never ________(停止)to chase after his dream in his youth. 【答案】ceased 【句意】他年轻时从未停止过追逐梦想。 6. Try not to link your sense of ________(自我价值感)with the opinions of others. 【答案】self-worth 【句意】试着不要把你的自我价值感和别人的意见联系在一起。 7. He stuck the ________(证书)of honor on the wall to remind himself that he had to work harder to succeed. 【答案】certificate(s) 【句意】他把荣誉证书贴在墙上，提醒自己必须更加努力才能成功。 8. His head injury causes ________(晕)and nausea. 【答案】dizziness 【句意】他头部受伤导致头晕和恶心。 9. There was a time when I became________(晕)at the thought of study. 【答案】dizzy 【句意】有一段时间我一想到学习就头晕。 10. Since time is limited, I _________(起草)out my speech in 10 minutes. 【答案】drafted 【句意】由于时间有限，我在10分钟内拟好了演讲稿。 11. The children were being ________(训练)to leave the classroom quickly when the fire bell rang. 【答案】drilled 【句意】当火警铃响起时，正在训练孩子们快速离开教室。 12. At that time, a few ________(机构)of higher education began to admit women in restricted numbers. 【答案】institutions 【句意】当时，一些高等教育机构开始招收数量有限的女性。 13. Steam engines were used to pull the ________(车厢)and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. 【答案】carriages 【句意】蒸汽机用来拉车厢，所有的烟雾和噪音对乘客来说一定是相当不舒服的。 14. If you think you are q________ for the job, you can write an application with ________(职业的)q________ and previous work experience. 【答案】qualified, vocational, qualifications 【句意】如果你认为你能胜任这份工作，你可以写一份求职信，写上职业资格和以前的工作经验。 15. Morning sunshine flooded in through the open ________(窗帘). 【答案】curtains 【句意】清晨的阳光透过拉开的窗帘照射进来。 16. To do ________(练习)is important in language learning. 【答案】drills 【句意】在语言学习中做练习是很重要的。 17. After finishing my duty last night, I came back to my ________(宿舍)very late and found myself locked outside the room. 【答案】dormitory 【句意】我昨晚值完班后很晚才回到宿舍，发现自己被锁在门外了。 18. The team is ________(组成)of experienced and ________(成熟)________(专业人士), most of whom graduated from key universities in China. 【答案】composed, mature, professionals 【句意】团队由经验丰富、成熟的专业人士组成，大部分毕业于中国重点大学。 19. In a word, the ________(前景)are bright, yet the road has twists and turns. 【答案】prospects 【句意】总之，前途是光明的，然而道路是曲折的。 20. The manager got to the company in a hurry, only to find that he had left his ________(笔记本电脑/平板电脑) at home. 【答案】laptop/tablet 【句意】经理匆匆忙忙来到公司，结果却发现他把笔记本电脑/平板电脑忘在家里了。 21. The rescue workers brought tents and ________(灯)to the shelters where the victims were staying. 【答案】lamps 【句意】救援人员把帐篷和灯送到了受害者所住的避难所。 22. The visiting ________(马戏团)was an excitement to every child in town. 【答案】circus 【句意】马戏团的来访对镇上的所有孩子来说都是一件兴奋的事情。 23.The ________(教授)wish I could work out the ________(抽象) ________(几何)problem. 【答案】professor, abstract, geometry 【句意】教授希望我能解出这道抽象的几何问题。 24. He usually puts the ________(药片)in the top ________(抽屉)to make sure it will not be accessible to the kids. 【答案】tablets, drawer 【句意】他通常把药片放在最上面的抽屉里，以确保孩子们拿不到。 25. The ________(自助餐厅)charges customers on an hourly basis for the service. 【答案】cafeteria 【句意】自助餐厅按小时向顾客收取服务费。 26. Never will John shave his ________(胡子)if his school team fails to achieve a 50%+ win rate. 【答案】beard 【句意】如果他的学校团队不能达到50%以上的胜率，约翰永远不会剃掉他的胡子。 27. The ________(统计资料)reflect a change in people’s spending habits. 【答案】statistics 【句意】这些统计资料显示出人们的消费习惯发生了变化。 28. He took a pen and struck out two ________(段)from his e________. 【答案】paragraphs, essay 【句意】他拿出一支笔，从他的文章中删掉了两段。 29. Elvis’ musical life was cut short when he was d________ into the army in 1958. 【答案】drafted 【句意】1958年，当埃尔维斯应征入伍时，他的音乐生涯戛然而止。 30. The publisher set a deadline for the author to submit the final d________ . 【答案】draft 【句意】出版商规定了作者提交定稿的最后期限。 31. Infections are spread by coughing, spitting, and s________. 【答案】sneezing 【句意】感染可以通过咳嗽、吐痰和打喷嚏传播。 32. —Your s________ tells me you may have a flu. —No. It’s just that I can’t stand the smell of the paint here. 【答案】sneeze 【句意】“你的喷嚏告诉我你可能感冒了。”“没有。我只是无法忍受这儿的油漆味。” 33. The most pleasant thing of being a l________ is that I can read as many books as I can. 【答案】librarian 【句意】当图书管理员最令人愉快的事情是我可以读尽可能多的书。 34. The teacher gently touched her f________ to check if she had a fever. 【答案】forehead 【句意】老师轻轻地摸了摸她的额头，看她是否发烧了。 35.I am pleased to see that naughty boy has m________into a sensible young man. 【答案】matured 【句意】我高兴地看到那个淘气的男孩已长成懂事的年轻人。 36. A________ that I am chosen to be a volunteer, I will serve the people heart and soul. 【答案】Assuming 【句意】假如我被选为志愿者，我将全心全意为人民服务。 37. Electric cars produce about 80 percent less pollution than those with gas-powered m________. 【答案】motors 【句意】电动汽车比汽油驱动的汽车产生的污染少大概百分之八十。 38. He lay on his back, with arms crossed on his b________, and his glaring eyes looking straight upward. 【答案】breast 【句意】他仰面躺着，双臂交叉放在胸前，两只炯炯有神的眼睛向上直勾勾地望着。 39. She slowly poured water into the bottle from the k________. 【答案】kettle 【句意】她慢慢地把水从壶里倒进瓶里。 40. The r________ book our Chinese teacher r________ to yesterday is worth reading. 【答案】reference, referred 【句意】我们语文老师昨天提到的那本参考书值得一读。 二、词性/形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空) 1. The headmaster explained that children were too ________(mature)to fully understand the possible consequences of disclosing private information on social networking sites. 【答案】immature 【句意】校长解释说孩子们还不成熟，不能完全理解在社交网站上泄露私人信息可能带来的后果。 2. Despite a grown-up (man)/an adult, Jack sometimes acts ________(mature). 【答案】immaturely 【句意】虽然是个成年人，杰克有的时候表现得很不成熟。 3. It’s necessary for us to make use of the available ________(statistic)data to predict the future trend. 【答案】statistical 【句意】我们有必要利用现有的统计数据来预测未来趋势。 4. Sometimes devices fail because a good design is constructed with low quality materials ________(competent) applied. 【答案】incompetently 【句意】有时，设备失败是因为良好的设计是用劣质，没有被充分应用的材料构建成。 5. Most of the applicants who apply for the position of the firm are ________(competent). 【答案】incompetent 【句意】大多数申请该公司职位的申请人都不称职。 6. Meg was so ________(abstract)that she scarcely noticed that the train had stopped. 【答案】abstracted 【句意】梅格心不在焉，几乎没有注意到火车已经停了。 7. Andrew noticed her (abstract)and asked: “What’s bothering you?” 【答案】abstraction 【句意】安德鲁注意到她的心不在焉，问道：“你在烦恼什么?” 8. It is well known that marriage without ________(register)is not recognized by law. 【答案】registration 【句意】众所周知，未经登记的婚姻是不受法律承认的。 9. Amy is talking to the teacher in the ________(register)office about getting her student ID card. 【答案】register/registry 【句意】艾米正在登记处和老师讨论如何拿到她的学生证。 10. Some of his ________(compose)are based on songs dating back to the mid-fifteenth century. 【答案】compositions 【句意】他的一些作曲是以那些可以追溯到19世纪中期的歌曲为基础的。 11. The talented ________ and singer showed us around his studio where he ________ the song Forever Young. (compose) 【答案】composer, composed 【句意】这位才华横溢的作曲家兼歌手带我们参观了他的工作室，在那里他创作了歌曲《永远年轻》。 12. To sum up, I think we should take a calm, ________(object)view of network language. 【答案】objective 【句意】综上所述，我认为我们应该冷静、客观的看待网络语言。 13. The ________(object)of the activity are to build students’ character and practice their teamwork skills. 【答案】objectives 【句意】活动的目的是培养学生的性格，锻炼他们的团队合作能力。 14. The main ________(object)to the plan was that it would cost too much. 【答案】objection 【句意】反对这个计划的主要理由是费用过高。 15. The students were doing a ________(comprehend)review of the term’s work. 【答案】comprehensive 【句意】学生们正在全面复习本学期的功课。 16. The students looked at me ________(blank)without any ________(comprehend)of what I had said. 【答案】blankly, comprehension 【句意】学生们茫然地看着我，完全不理解我说的话。 17. You ________ she was right. How can you prove that your ________ is reasonable? (assume) 【答案】assumed, assumption 【句意】你以为她是对的。你如何证明你的假设是合理的？ 18. He ________ an important position in a company, and is ________ with all kinds of activities, so his ________ brings him great fame and fortune.(occupy) 【答案】occupies, occupied, occupation 【句意】他在一家公司担任重要职务，从事各种活动，因此他的职业给他带来了巨大的名声和财富。 19. I hope to develop ________(competent)in a variety of skills by joining different clubs. 【答案】competence 【句意】我希望通过参加不同的社团来培养各种技能的能力。 20. He was found guilty. As a consequence he lost the job and was accused of ________(competent). 【答案】incompetence 【句意】他被判有罪。结果，他丢了工作，被指责为无能。 21. ________(educate), combined with ________(recreate), is what some film-makers want to put into their films. 【答案】Education, recreation 【句意】一些电影制作人想把教育和娱乐结合起来，放到他们的电影中去。 22. He was so absorbed in the research that he had no time left for ________(recreate)activities. 【答案】recreational 【句意】他如此专注于研究，以至于没有时间进行娱乐活动。 23. Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection holds that variation within species occurs ________(random). 【答案】randomly 【句意】达尔文的自然选择进化论认为物种内部的变异是随机发生的。 24. The two old friends hugged each other ________(tight)after separating so long a time. 【答案】tightly 【句意】两个老朋友久别重逢，紧紧地拥抱在一起。 25. You should weigh up the advantages and disadvantages and wait patiently for the ________(mature)of the plan. 【答案】maturity 【句意】你应该权衡利弊，耐心等待计划成熟。 26. Speaking fluent English like English native speakers requires ________(extend)exposure to the English environment. 【答案】extensive 【句意】像以英语为母语的人一样说一口流利的英语，需要广泛地接触英语环境。 27. The theme of this conference is relevant the ________(extend)of retirement age. 【答案】extension 【句意】这次会议的主题与延长退休年龄有关。 28. China recently ________(tight)its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from being attacked in the South China Sea. 【答案】tightened 【句意】中国最近加强了对黄岩岛附近水域的控制，为了预防中国渔船在中国南海被袭击。 29. There’s a ________(circuit) track that goes around the park. 【答案】circular 【句意】公园周围有一条环形跑道。 30. The smart boy is able to grasp ideas that others cannot even imagine, because he has an unusual ability to think ________(abstract). 【答案】abstractly 【句意】这个聪明的男孩能够理解别人甚至无法想象的概念，因为他拥有非凡的抽象思维能力。 三、短语填空(从“背”一本“短语”栏目中选择恰当的短语填空) 说明：每个短语只能用一次，且选择范围不包括拓展短语。 1. It ___________________ me that learning a foreign language well is of great importance. 【答案】is impressed upon/on 【句意】我意识到学好一门外语是非常重要的。 2. To be brief, no matter who you are and what you are doing, you should have your dreams and _____________ them because they give you chances to taste success. 【答案】hold on to 【句意】简而言之，无论你是谁，无论你在做什么，你都应该有你的梦想，并坚持下去，因为它们给了你品尝成功的机会。 3. He’s a good salesman, but his offhand manner does tend to ________ people ________. 【答案】put, off 【句意】他是个很好的推销员，但他漫不经心的态度确实会让人反感。 4. Before walking out onto the stage, Lily took several deep breaths to ________________. 【答案】compose oneself 【句意】在走上舞台之前，莉莉做了几次深呼吸来镇定自己。 5. To my surprise, he ____________ me in a dark green jeep. 【答案】sped by 【句意】令我惊讶的是，他开着一辆深吉普车，从我身边飞驰而过。 6. Find books you ________________ in to help you build motivation. 【答案】take a genuine interest 【句意】找一些你真正感兴趣的书来帮助你建立(阅读的)动力。 7. ____________________, they successfully discovered qinghaosu—the most effective part of the qinghao extract. 【答案】Through trial and error 【句意】经过反复试验，他们成功地发现了青蒿素——青蒿提取物中最有效的成分。 8. The problem of air pollution would become _______________________ that of unemployment. 【答案】no less important than 【句意】空气污染问题的重要性将不亚于失业问题/空气污染问题的重要性将与失业问题同等重要。 9. Tall grasses and trees dotted the plains, which __________________ the African wildlife we had come to see. 【答案】were alive with 【句意】平原上点缀着高大的草丛和树木，那里充满了我们所看到的非洲野生动物。 10. If given more time, we _______________ complete the task better. 【答案】are bound to 【句意】如果给我们更多的时间，我们一定会更好地完成任务。 11. This discovery _______________ a major breakthrough, which made people excited. 【答案】was perceived as 【句意】这一发现被认为是一项重大突破，使人们兴奋不已。 12. This Chinese company has an urgent desire to _______________ the development of high technology in the world. 【答案】keep pace with 【句意】这家中国公司迫切希望跟上世界高科技发展的步伐。 13. He succeeded in _______________ a career in the media. 【答案】carving out 【句意】他成功地在传媒界闯出一片天地。 14. It _____________ me that only with limitless efforts can we win others’ respect and light up our own life. 【答案】dawned on 【句意】我明白了，只有付出无限的努力，才能赢得别人的尊重，才能照亮自己的人生。 15. She doesn’t _______________ his pessimistic view of the state of the economy. 【答案】subscribe to 【句意】她不赞同他对经济状况的悲观看法。 16. The young parents had to ________________ care for the sick baby. 【答案】take turns to 【句意】年轻的父母不得不轮流照顾生病的婴儿。 17. It came to me _____________ of inspiration, resulting in what happened afterwards. 【答案】in a flash 【句意】这是我灵光一闪的想法，导致了后来发生的事情。 18. Don’t try to _____________ everyone, and find people with the common interest. 【答案】fit in with 【句意】不要试图适应每个人，要找到和你有共同兴趣的人。 19. Being reflective is an important part of active learning. That is because you are thinking actively and critically while _________________ the learning materials. 【答案】reflecting on 【句意】反思是主动学习的重要组成部分。这是因为你在反思学习材料的同时，积极地、批判性地思考。 20. He __________________ colleagues everywhere he went. 【答案】bounced ideas off 【句意】他每到一个地方都会和同事交流想法。 四、核心词汇(根据要求完成相关任务) 1. blank 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Write on one side of the paper and leave the other side ________. 【答案】blank 【解析】形容词blank作宾语the other side的补足语expression。句意：写在纸的一面，把另一面空出来。 ②He stared at the exam paper ________, not knowing what to write. 【答案】blankly 【解析】空处修饰动词stared，应用副词形式blankly作状语，表示“茫然地”。故填blankly。句意：他茫然地盯着试卷，不知道该写什么。 完成句子 ③到目前为止，警方的调查一无所获。 So far, ___________________________________. 【答案】the police investigation has drawn a blank ④她面无表情地盯着我。 She _______________________________________________. 【答案】was staring at me with a blank expression on her face ⑤我们不打算给那些陷入困境的公司开空白支票。 We are not prepared ________________________ for companies that have run into trouble.  【答案】to write a blank cheque ⑥我这辈子从来没有这样无助过，以至于我一动不动地站在那里，大脑一片空白。 Never before in my life had I been so helpless ______________________________________________. 【答案】that I stood there motionless, my mind going blank/my mind being a blank ⑦吉姆正在家看一部深夜电影，在一个令人激动的场景中，电视机突然一片空白。 Jim was watching a late night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling scene, _____________ ___________. 【答案】the television went blank ⑧要求学生们在读完课文后填空课文总结。 The students _____________________________ of the summary of the text after they finished reading. 【答案】were asked to fill in the blanks ⑨明亮的眼睛变得迟钝和茫然，很快变得不感兴趣，因为我无法正确回答他们的任何问题。 The bright eyes _____________________, quickly becoming uninterested because I could not properly answer any of their questions. 【答案】turned dull and blank 2. educator 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①In order to receive good________, she was admitted into a key school which is in the south of China to be ________. 【答案】education, educated 【解析】第一个空格处应该用名词education作动词receive的宾语；第二个空格前有to be，应该用过去分词educated构成不定式的被动语态，作目的状语。句意：为了接受良好的教育，她被中国南方的一所重点学校录取。 ②As China has boomed, the ________ environment has improved significantly, with many great universities now available. 【答案】educational 【解析】修饰名词environment用形容词educational。句意：随着中国的蓬勃发展，教育环境己大为改观，优质大学比比皆是。 ③________ must help students thinking in a critical perspective. 【答案】Educators 【解析】根据句子成分分析，横线上缺少句子的主语，应该填一个名词。根据句意，这里缺少的是“教育工作者”的意思，需要用复数形式educators，单词置于句首要大写，故填Educators。句意：教育工作者必须要帮助学生以批判的角度思考。 ④He says even some  ________ people are having trouble finding work around the world.  【答案】well-educated 【解析】形容词well-educated作定语修饰后面名词people。句意：他说，在世界各地，甚至一些受过良好教育的人也难以找到工作。 完成句子 ⑤这一运动旨在教育公众爱护环境。 The campaign is intended _________________________________.  【答案】to educate the public to respect the environment ⑥有必要对儿童进行吸毒危害的教育。 Children need  _________________________ the dangers of drug-taking.  【答案】to be educated on/in 3. bound 完成句子 ①我相信只要你镇定下来，致力于比赛，你一定会成功。 I am convinced that only if you ___________ and are devoted to the competition _____________________. 【答案】compose yourself, are you bound to succeed ②现代艺术家不应受环境、传统或自身的束缚。 Modern artists _________________________________ or themselves. 【答案】should not be bound by the environment, tradition ③我们要去西藏，一个很值得一去的地方。 We _________________________, a place well worth a visit. 【答案】are bound for Tibet ④当我到达车站时，开往北京的火车开走了。 When I reached the station, __________________________. 【答案】the train bound for Beijing had left ⑤波莉拿着一封信蹦蹦跳跳地走进房间。 Polly came _______________________ holding a letter. 【答案】bounding into the room 4. resolve 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Please give me your account number, sir, and I’ll inquire and make sure the issue________ as soon as possible. 【答案】is resolved 【解析】分析句子可知，“ the issue_______(resolve) as soon as possible”是make sure后的宾语从句，根据句意，表示现在的事情，要用一般现在时，issue与resolve之间是动宾关系，要用-般现在时的被动语态is resolved。句意：先生，请给我您的账号，我去查询，确保问题尽快解决。 ②Always bear in mind that your own ________ to succeed is more important than anything else. 【答案】resolve/resolution 【解析】空处应用名词resolve/resolution“决心”在从句中作主语，由is可知，应用单数形式。故填resolve/resolution。句意：永远记住，你自己成功的决心比任何事情都重要。 完成句子 ③与其下定决心减肥，不如试试一个可行的决心：我不再吃甜点了。 Instead of _____________________, try an actionable resolution: I’ll stop having dessert for lunch. 【答案】resolving to lose weight resolved on losing weight keeping/making/taking a resolution to lose weight ④这种化学物质可以分解为酸和氧。 ____________________________ an acid and oxygen. 【答案】This chemical substance can be resolved into ⑤作为一个体贴的丈夫，他决定不告诉她身体健康的真相。 As a considerate husband, he ________________________ of her health. 【答案】resolved that he would not tell her the truth resolved not to tell her the truth made a resolution not to tell her the truth ⑥已决定将此事提交上级主管部门处理。 _____________________ the matter should be referred to a higher authority. 【答案】It was resolved that 5. refresh 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Jan returned from vacation feeling relaxed and ________; she must have had a very ________ vacation. 【答案】refreshed, refreshing 【解析】分析句子可知，第一空中应用形容词与relaxed并列，表示简的感受，所以用refreshed；第二空在句中作定语，修饰名词vacation，所以用形容词refreshing。句意：简度假回来后感到很放松，精神焕发，她一定度过了一个非常令人精神振奋的假期。 ②A walk at dawn or dusk helps you keep young. Try to make it a daily habit, which will guarantee you both physical and spiritual ________. 【答案】refreshment 【解析】根据汉语提示及空前 physical and spiritual可知，设空处应填名词，refreshment。句意：在黎明或黄昏散步有助于你保持年轻，试着使它成为一个日常习惯，这将保证你的身体和精神的恢复。 ③Restaurants of considerable sizes may have fully prepared more than a hundred refreshments for customers to choose from. 【答案】refreshments 【解析】受数词a hundred修饰，用名词复数refreshments。句意：相当规模的餐馆可能已经准备了一百多种点心供顾客选择。 完成句子 ④我昨晚睡得很晚，今天早上起得很早，我需要喝杯咖啡来恢复精神。 Going to bed very late last night and getting up early this morning, I need _________________________. 【答案】to refresh myself with a cup of coffee ⑤他走在街的对面，以唤起对这座建筑的记忆。 He walked on the opposite side of the street ________________________________. 【答案】to refresh his memory of the building 6. criticize 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①He was severely ________, and he felt ashamed of this ________ so he resigned from his post. 【答案】criticized, criticism 【解析】第一空为被动语态；第二空受this修饰用名词，故填criticized, criticism。句意：他受到了严厉的批评，他为(受到)这种批评感到羞愧，所以他辞职了。 ②_________ in front of the whole class made me feel embarrassed. 【答案】Being criticized 【解析】分析句子可知空格处缺少动名词作主语，criticize与其逻辑主语“我”之间是被动关系，用动名词的被动式Being criticized作主语，注意句首首字母大写。考查非谓语动词。句意：在全班同学面前被批评使我感到尴尬。 ③One of her ________ accused her of caring only about success. 【答案】critics 【解析】critic“反对者”是可数名词，one of+名词复数，表示“其中之一”，故填critics。句意：她的一位反对者指责她只关心成功。 ④We are at a ________ time in history. 【答案】critical 【解析】设空处修饰名词作定语，应用形容词critical。句意：我们现在正处于历史上的一个关键时刻。 ⑤Learning to think ________(criticize)is an important skill that today’s children will need for the future. 【答案】critically 【解析】此处修饰动词think，应用副词形式critically。句意：学会批判性思维是当今儿童未来需要的一项重要技能。 完成句子 ⑥这项研究表明与孩子交流对他们的情感发展至关重要。 The study shows that communication with your children ___________________________________. 【答案】is critical to their emotional development ⑦她对食物很挑剔。这就是她保持苗条的原因。 She ___________________________. This is the reason why she remains thin. 【答案】is very critical of food ⑧当地政府因没有认真对待这个问题而受到批评。 The local government __________________________________. 【答案】has been criticized for not taking the problem seriously ⑨这位女士对一切都吹毛求疵。 The lady ________________________________. 【答案】is extremely critical of everything ⑩他讨厌老师批评他作文写得不好。 He hated it when _______________________ in the composition ___________________. 【答案】he got criticism of his poor handwriting from the teacher 7. inquire 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①We suspect they are trying to hide something, hence the need for an independent ________. 【答案】inquiry 【解析】作宾语，应用名词inquiry，表示“调查、询问”。句意：我们怀疑他们在企图隐瞒什么事，因此有必要进行独立调查。 ②We received over 300 ________ about the job. 【答案】inquiries 【解析】分析句子可知，空处作received的宾语，应用inquire的名词形式inquiry，意为“咨询，询问”，且空前有over 300修饰，inquiry应用复数形式inquiries。句意：我们收到了300多份关于这份工作的咨询。 ③All this helps children to develop an ________ attitude to learning.  【答案】inquiring 【解析】修饰名词attitude用形容词inquiring 。句意：所有这些都有助于培养孩子好学探究的态度。 ④The information in this report is provided as an accommodation to the ________. 【答案】inquirer 【解析】受定冠词the修饰用名词，inquirer询问者，调查人。句意：本报告中的信息是为了方便询问者而提供的。 完成句子 ⑤她还是忍不住打探他的消息，渴望知道他的近况，他的生活是怎么样的。 She still can not help but ____________________, eager to know his situation, he's kind of how life is.  【答案】inquire the news of him ⑥立即写信向他问清楚缺席会议的原因。 Write without delay _______________________________________  the conference.  【答案】to inquire of him the reason for his absence from ⑦如果你想要询问打折的细节，你可以联系我们的市场销售部经理。 You can contact our sales and marketing manager, if you want _________________________________. 【答案】to inquire about the discount details to make an inquiry about the discount details ⑧每当谈到美食时，那个小男孩总是爱刨根问底。 Whenever it comes to delicious food, the little boy ___________________________. 【答案】is always having an inquiring mind ⑨他皱起眉头，决定把事情彻底调查一遍。 He frowned and determined to __________________________. 【答案】inquire thoroughly into the matter launch/hold an inquiry into the matter ⑩第二天，马克西姆带来了康乃馨，询问了她的健康状况。 The following day, Maxim brought her carnations and ____________________________. 【答案】inquired after her well-being/health ⑪对事故原因的正式调查已经展开。 ______________________________ the cause of the accident. 【答案】An official inquiry has been launched into 8. subscribe 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①________ are cheaper for individual members. 【答案】Subscriptions 【解析】分析句子可知，空格后有谓语动词are，此处需用名词复数Subscriptions做主语。句意：个人会员的订阅费更便宜。 ②You can become a member by paying the yearly ________. 【答案】subscription 【解析】句意：你可以通过缴纳年费成为会员。根据句意和前文定冠词the可知。此处应用其名词subscription单数形式作宾语。 ③Write away now for the free album offered to every new ________. 【答案】subscriber 【解析】根据句意以及空格前to every new可知，此处应用subscribe的表示人的名词单数形式subscriber，作介词to的宾语。句意：请立即写信索取新订户免费赠送的专辑。 完成句子 ④多年来，我一直是《中国日报》的订户/我订阅中国日报已经好多年了。 I ___________________________________ for many years. 【答案】have been a subscriber to China Daily ⑤这位商人为医院捐了一大笔钱。 The businessman ______________________________ for the hospital. 【答案】subscribed a large amount to the collection ⑥这本书印刷时有多少人认购了？ How many people _____________________________ when it is printed? 【答案】have subscribed for the book ⑦我试图在会上说服在场的人同意我的提议，但徒劳无功。 I tried to _____________________________ at the meeting, but in vain. 【答案】convince people present to subscribe to my proposal ⑧谁是第一个在《独立宣言》上签名的人？ _____________________________ the Declaration of Independence? 【答案】Who’s the first man to subscribe to ⑨她已购买了一本新编的汉英词典。 She _________________________________. 【答案】has subscribed for a new Chinese-English dictionary 9. polish 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①The children loved sliding round the newly ________ floor. 【答案】polished 【解析】分析句子结构可知，空处需要形容词polished作定语，修饰后面的名词。句意：孩子们喜欢在刚擦过的地板上滑来滑去。 ②“An apple ________” is one who gives gifts to win friendship or special treatment. 【答案】polisher 【解析】an apple polisher马屁精。句意：“马屁精”是给予礼物以赢得友谊或特殊待遇的人。 完成句子 ③我劝你在把文章送交编辑以前再润色一次。 I advise you to _____________________________ before you send it to the editor. 【答案】polish up your article once more ④用一块布擦拭你的皮鞋没什么用。你最好将它们送给专业人士保养。 It’s no use _________________________________.You’d better have them maintained by professionals. 【答案】polishing(up)your leather shoes with a piece of cloth ⑤显然，所有在场的学者都对他精湛的技艺印象深刻。 Evidently, all the scholars present ______________________________. 【答案】were impressed with his polished skills ⑥玛丽很早就把作业做完了，因此她可以看电视了。 Mary _____________________________ so that she could watch TV. 【答案】polished off her homework early ⑦他摘下眼镜，擦了擦。 He took off his glasses and __________________________. 【答案】gave a polish to them ⑧你出去的时候需要把鞋子好好擦一擦。 You’ll need __________________________ when you go out. 【答案】to give your shoes a good polish ⑨她快速吃完一两片面包后便又开始干活了。 Having ______________________________, she started work again. 【答案】polished off a slice or two of bread ⑩这家公司需要改善形象以获得更大的利润。 The company needs to ______________________ to make a bigger profit. 【答案】polish up its image 10. presentation 用该词条恰当的形式填空 ①Though journalists are committed to ________ the truth, it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports. 【答案】presenting 【解析】后面有名词the truth，故这里应用动词，又前面的to为介词，用动名词presenting。句意：尽管记者致力于在他们的报道中呈现真相，我们最好还是运用自己的判断力，而非完全依赖单一的新闻来源。 ②Before graduation, students exchange ________ with each other. 【答案】presents 【解析】exchange presents with跟……交换礼物。句意：学生们会在毕业之前互换礼物。 ③His ________ at the meeting made everybody excited. 【答案】presence 【解析】此处受形容词性物主代词his修饰作主语，应该用名词presence。句意：他出席会议使大家都很兴奋。 ④I admire the clear, logical ________ of her arguments. 【答案】presentation 【解析】形容词logical，修饰名词presentation。句意：我欣赏她清晰、有逻辑的陈述。 ⑤There is a ________ of a new play tonight. 【答案】presentation 【解析】不定冠词后面跟名词，且后面还有介词短语of a new play tonight作定于，故填presentation。句意：今晚有一场新剧的演出。 完成句子 ⑥我们的校长将向在接力赛中表现好的学生颁奖。 Our headmaster _________________________ who perform well in the relay race. 【答案】will present awards to the students ⑦我非常感谢能有机会在会议上提出我对人工智能的看法。 I really appreciate being given the chance _______________________ on AI at the meeting. 【答案】to present my opinions ⑧在他退休之际，同事们赠送给他一套高尔夫球杆(golf clubs)。 On his retirement, his colleagues ____________________________. 【答案】presented him with a set of golf clubs presented a set of golf clubs to him ⑨出席会议的有来自世界各地的著名表演家和作曲家。 ___________________________________ from all around the world. 【答案】Present were famous performers and composers ⑩这位自豪的学生非常满意地向父母介绍了她的新设计。 With great satisfaction, the proud student _______________________ her parents. 【答案】presented her new design to ⑪许多家长出席了会议。 A great many parents _____________________. 【答案】were present at the meeting ⑫为了吸引更多的潜在客户，销售经理将在网上介绍新款平板电脑。 To attract more potential customers, the sales manager will ________________ on the new tablets online. 【答案】give/make a presentation ⑬会员出示会员证即可进入俱乐部。 Members will be admitted into the club _______________________________.  【答案】on presentation of a membership card ⑭在演讲结束后开始颁奖。 _______________________ after the speeches. 【答案】The presentation of prizes began ⑮这件事我打算暂时搁一搁。 I will leave the matter as it stands __________________.  【答案】for the present ⑯他在会上说的话使在场的每个人都很惊讶。 What he said at the meeting _____________________. 【答案】astonished everyone present ⑰你最好别惹他，他现在正生气呢。 You’d better leave him alone, for _____________________. 【答案】he is annoyed at present 五、句型仿写 1. 你没有必要节食。相对于你的身高来说，你只是稍微超重了一点。 ______________________________. You are only slightly overweight in relation to your height. 【答案】There is no need for you to go on a diet 2. 不用担心，你的新电脑在保修期内。 ________________________, for your new computer is _______________. 【答案】There is no need to worry, under guarantee 3. 不可否认，南京是一个拥有众多旅游景点的美丽城市。 _________________________________ with many tourist attractions.  【答案】There is no denying that Nanjing is a beautiful city 4. 毫无疑问，我们在一生中会遇到各种各样的困难。 ____________________________________ various difficulties in our life. 【答案】There is no doubt/debating that we will meet with 5. 他们英语很好，但对德语却知之甚少。 They have a good knowledge of English ______________________ about German. 【答案】but little do they know 6. 我从没见过一个这么美丽的山谷。到处都是小河，花草树木。 _______________________ a more beautiful valley. There are small rivers, flowers and trees everywhere. 【答案】Nowhere have I seen 7. 我最近既没见到他，也没收到他的来信。 _________________________ him recently, __________________________ him. 【答案】Neither have I seen, nor have I heard from 8. 她一次也没有抬起她的头欣赏窗外的景色。 ___________________________ enjoy the view outside her window. 【答案】not once did she lift her head to 9. 我突然意识到，钱不能弥补他在过去5年所遭受的一切。 __________________________ money couldn’t make up for all that he had suffered in the past five years. 【答案】It suddenly dawned on me that 10. 多年以后，我才开始明白我父母的生日从未被提及。 Many years later, ________________________ my parents’ birthdays were never mentioned. 【答案】it dawned on me that 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$