Unit 4 Natural Disasters 重点词汇听写+阅读(三）suffer volcano supply-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

重点词汇敏感性优化训练 下表词汇-全班高考卷面熟词率 _______%，请按要求完成速记练习和语境阅读训练。 一、重点词汇 快速浏览下表词汇，对照音标发声拼读，不必追求马上记住、记牢。 1. suffer 美[ˈsʌfər] 2. volcano 美[vɑlˈkeɪnoʊ] v. 遭受,忍受;患病 n. 火山 3. supply 美[səˈplaɪ] 4. hurricane 美[ˈhɜrɪˌkeɪn] n.v. 供应,补给;供给品 n. 飓风 5. survive 美[sərˈvaɪv] 6. power 美[ˈpaʊər] v. 生存,幸存 n. 力量,电力;权力 7. whistle 美[ˈwɪsl] 8. emergency 美[ɪˈmɜrdʒənsi] n.v. 哨声,口哨;吹口哨 n. 紧急情况 9. calm 美[kɑːm] 10. crash 美[kræʃ] adj.v. 平静的,镇静的;使平静,安抚 n.v. 碰撞,坠毁;撞击,坠落 11. sweep 美[swiːp] 12. wave 美[weɪv] v. 扫,扫除;席卷 n.v. 波浪,挥手;挥动,波动 13. strike 美[straɪk] 14. deliver 美[dɪˈlɪvər] n.v. 罢工;打击,敲打 v. 递送,交付;发表,释放 15. summary 美[ˈsʌməri] 16. effect 美[ɪˈfɛkt] n. 摘要,总结 n. 效果,影响 17. length 美[lɛŋkθ] n. 长度,期间 二、单词抄写 对照词义，按顺序抄写单词，抄写时应出声拼读单词以增加语感。本练习是抄写而非默写，遇到障碍应及时查阅重点词汇表，以免浪费时间。 1. 碰撞,坠毁;撞击,坠落 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 2. 效果,影响 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 3. 摘要,总结 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 4. 力量,电力;权力 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 5. 平静的,镇静的;使平静,安抚 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 6. 罢工;打击,敲打 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 7. 生存,幸存 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 8. 长度,期间 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 9. 紧急情况 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 10. 火山 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 1 11. 遭受,忍受;患病 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 12. 递送,交付;发表,释放 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 13. 供应,补给;供给品 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 14. 哨声,口哨;吹口哨 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 15. 扫,扫除;席卷 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 16. 飓风 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 17. 波浪,挥手;挥动,波动 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 18. 碰撞,坠毁;撞击,坠落 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 19. 效果,影响 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 20. 摘要,总结 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 21. 力量,电力;权力 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 22. 平静的,镇静的;使平静,安抚 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 23. 罢工;打击,敲打 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 24. 生存,幸存 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 25. 长度,期间 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 26. 紧急情况 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 27. 火山 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 28. 遭受,忍受;患病 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 29. 递送,交付;发表,释放 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 30. 供应,补给;供给品 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 31. 哨声,口哨;吹口哨 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 32. 扫,扫除;席卷 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 33. 飓风 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 34. 波浪,挥手;挥动,波动 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 35. 碰撞,坠毁;撞击,坠落 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 36. 效果,影响 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 37. 摘要,总结 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 38. 力量,电力;权力 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 39. 平静的,镇静的;使平静,安抚 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 40. 罢工;打击,敲打 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 41. 生存,幸存 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 42. 长度,期间 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 43. 紧急情况 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 44. 火山 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 45. 遭受,忍受;患病 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 46. 递送,交付;发表,释放 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 47. 供应,补给;供给品 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 48. 哨声,口哨;吹口哨 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 49. 扫,扫除;席卷 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 50. 飓风 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 51. 波浪,挥手;挥动,波动 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 52. 碰撞,坠毁;撞击,坠落 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 53. 效果,影响 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 54. 摘要,总结 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 55. 力量,电力;权力 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 56. 平静的,镇静的;使平静,安抚 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 57. 罢工;打击,敲打 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 58. 生存,幸存 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 59. 长度,期间 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 60. 紧急情况 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 61. 火山 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 62. 遭受,忍受;患病 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 63. 递送,交付;发表,释放 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 64. 供应,补给;供给品 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 65. 哨声,口哨;吹口哨 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 66. 扫,扫除;席卷 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 67. 飓风 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 68. 波浪,挥手;挥动,波动 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 2 三、文本敏感性训练 以下文章围绕本次重点词汇编写，目的在于提升语境中对这些词的敏感性。请在认真阅读文本的同 时，尽量提升阅读速度。阅读时切忌采用跳读、略读等“技巧”，更不要先看问题再找答案。做题的目 的是检验和保持阅读质量，而不要将阅读视作做题的负担。 Passage 1：全题共 367 词，建议用时440秒，实际用时________秒。 Once upon a time, in a small village, there was a suddenemergency. Avolcanonearby started to show signs of erupting. The villagers were worried because they had tosurvive through this disaster. They started to prepare, collecting supplies such as food, water, and medical kits. The village chief, a wise man, advised everyone to staycalmand follow the emergencyplan they had designed for such situations. One day, thevolcanoerupted with a loudcrash, sending ashes and smoke into the sky. The powerof the eruption was so strong that it could be felt even in the far corners of the village. However, the villagers, having prepared well, managed to keep safe. They followed the plan, taking shelter in a safe place, away from the danger. After the eruption, the village was covered in ash, but thankfully, everyone survived. The hurricanethat swept through the area a few days later did not cause much damage either, thanks to the preparations made by the villagers. They worked together to clean up the mess and rebuild their homes. The experience taught them the importance of being prepared for emergencies and thepowerof community. 1. What did the villagers do to prepare for thevolcanoeruption? A. They ran away from the village. B. They collected supplies and followed theiremergencyplan. C. They ignored the warnings and did nothing. D. They called for help from nearby villages. 2. How did the villagers react during thevolcanoeruption? A. They panicked and shouted for help. B. They stayedcalmand took shelter. C. They started to celebrate, thinking it was a festival. D. They went to watch the eruption from a close distance. 3. What was theeffectof thehurricanethat came after thevolcanoeruption? A. It caused more damage than the eruption. B. It swept away all the shelters. C. It did not cause much damage. D. It was the reason for thevolcanoeruption. 4. What lesson did the villagers learn from this experience? A. To move to another village. B. The importance of being prepared for emergencies. C. That volcanoes are not dangerous. D. To celebrate after surviving a disaster. Passage 2：全题共 380 词，建议用时456秒，实际用时________秒。 Once upon a time, in a small village surrounded by mountains, the villagers had tosurvivea very difficult year. In the spring, a powerfulhurricaneswept through the village, damaging many houses and causing a lot of fear. The villagers worked together to repair their homes 3 and tried to keep acalmmind despite theemergency. Not long after, avolcanonearby started to show signs of activity. Scientists warned that it might erupt soon, which could prove very dangerous for everyone. The villagers had to prepare for the worst. They gathered supplies, made sure they had enough food and water, and learned how to stay safe if thevolcanodid erupt. The children in the village were taught to listen for thewhistlethat would signal anemergencyevacuation. One day, thevolcanodid erupt, sending ash and smoke into the sky. It was a frightening sight, but because of their preparations, the villagers were able to stay safe. They wore masks to protect themselves from the ash and stayed indoors as much as possible. After the eruption, the village was covered in ash, but everyone was safe. The villagers worked together to clean up and support each other. They were grateful that they had survived thevolcanoand thehurricane. It was a tough year, but it showed thepowerof community and how important it is to be prepared for emergencies. 1. What did the villagers do to prepare for thevolcano's eruption? A. They moved to another village. B. They gathered supplies and learned safety measures. C. They ignored the warnings. D. They celebrated with a festival. 2. How did the children know when to evacuate? A. They saw thevolcanoerupting. B. They waited for their parents to tell them. C. They listened for a specific signal. D. They felt the ground shaking. 3. Why were the villagers able to stay safe during thevolcano's eruption? A. They had a powerful shield. B. They wore masks and stayed indoors. C. They were lucky. D. They evacuated the village. 4. What is the main theme of the story? A. The danger of living near avolcano. B. The importance of community and preparation. C. The excitement of experiencing natural disasters. D. The unpredictability of weather. 四、参考答案 Passage 1： 1. B 选择题答案理由：文章提到村民们为了生存，开始准备食物、水和医疗包等物资，遵循他们为这种情况设计的紧急计划，因此B选项正确。 2. B 理由：在火山爆发时，村民们遵循计划，安全地躲避，保持冷静，说明他们在火山爆发期间保持冷静并采取了避难措施，因此B选项正确。 3. C 理由：文章中提到，感谢村民们的准备，随后的飓风没有造成太多损害，说明飓风对村庄的影响不大，因此C选项正确。4. B 理由：文章最后提到，这次经历教会了村民们为紧急情况做好准备的重要性和社区力量的重要性，因此B选项正确。 参考译文 1 从前，在一个小村庄里，突然发生了一场紧急情况。附近的一座火山开始显示出喷发的迹象。村民们很担心，因为他们必须在这场灾难中生存下来。他们开始准备，收集食物、水和医疗包等物资。村长是一个明智的人，他建议每个人保持冷静，遵循他们为这种情况设计的紧急计划。一天，火山爆发了，发出巨大的声响，把灰烬和烟雾送入天空。爆发的力量非常强大，以至于即使在村庄的最远角落也能感觉到。然而，村民们准备得很好，设法保持了安全。他们遵循计划，躲避在一个安全的地方，远离危险。 火山爆发后，村庄被灰烬覆盖，但值得庆幸的是，每个人都幸存了下来。几天后席卷该地区的飓风也没有造成太多损害，这要归功于村民们的准备。他们齐心协力清理混乱，重建家园。这次经历教会了他们为紧急情况做好准备的重要性和社区力量的重要性。 4 Passage 2： 1. B 选择题答案理由 文章中提到村民们为了准备火山爆发，聚集了供应品，确保有足够的食物和水，学习了如何在火山真的爆发时保持安全，因此B选项“他们聚集了供应品并学习了安全措施”是正确的。 2. C 理由 孩子们被教导听一个特定的信号来知道何时疏散，这说明了C选项“他们听了一个特定的信号”是正确的。 3. B 理由 文章提到村民们在火山爆发期间佩戴口罩保护自己免受灰尘影响，并尽可能地待在室内，因此B选项“他们戴上口罩并待在室内”是正确的。 4. B 理由 故事的主题围绕着社区的力量和准备应对紧急情况的重要性，因此B选项“社区和准备的重要性”是正确的。 参考译文 2 从前，在一个被山脉包围的小村庄里，村民们必须度过一个非常困难的一年。春天时，一场强大的飓风席卷了村庄，破坏了许多房屋并造成了很多恐慌。村民们齐心协力修理他们的家园，并尽管遇到紧急情况也试图保持冷静。不久之后，附近的一座火山开始显示活动迹象。科学家警告说它可能很快就会爆发，这对每个人来说都可能非常危险。 村民们必须为最坏的情况做准备。他们收集了供应品，确保有足够的食物和水，并学习了如果火山真的爆发该如何保持安全。村里的孩子们被教导听一个哨子声，这将是紧急疏散的信号。 有一天，火山真的爆发了，把灰烬和烟雾送入天空。这是一个可怕的景象，但由于他们的准备，村民们能够保持安全。他们戴上口罩以保护自己免受灰尘的影响，并尽可能地待在室内。 爆发过后，村庄被灰尘覆盖，但每个人都安全了。村民们齐心协力进行清理并互相支持。他们感激自己能够幸存下来，不仅度过了火山爆发，也挺过了飓风。这是艰难的一年，但它展示了社区的力量以及为紧急情况做准备的重要性。 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$