Unit 4 Natural Disasters 重点词汇听写+阅读练习(二）crack-ruin-percent-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

重点词汇敏感性优化训练 下表词汇-全班高考卷面熟词率_______%，请按要求完成速记练习和语境阅读训练。 一、重点词汇 快速浏览下表词汇，对照音标发声拼读，不必追求马上记住、记牢。 1. crack 美[kræk] 2. ruin 美[ˈruːɪn] n.v. 裂缝,破裂;打开,破解 n.v. 废墟;毁灭，破坏 3. percent 美[pərˈsent] 4. brick 美[brɪk] n. 百分比 n. 砖,砖块 5. metal 美[ˈmɛtl] 6. shock 美[ʃɑk] n. 金属 n.v. 震惊;电击,冲击 7. electricity 美[ɪˌlɛkˈtrɪsɪti] 8. trap 美[træp] n. 电,电流 n.v. 陷阱;诱捕,设陷阱 9. bury 美[ˈbɛri] 10. breathe 美[brið] v. 埋葬,掩埋 v. 呼吸 11. revive 美[rɪˈvaɪv] 12. effort 美[ˈɛfərt] v. 复苏,恢复生机 n. 努力,尝试 13. unify 美[ˈjunəˌfaɪ] 14. wisdom 美[ˈwɪzdəm] v. 统一,使成一体 n. 智慧,明智 15. context 美[ˈkɑntɛkst] n. 背景,上下文 二、单词抄写 对照词义，按顺序抄写单词，抄写时应出声拼读单词以增加语感。本练习是抄写而非默写，遇到障碍应及时查阅重点词汇表，以免浪费时间。 1. 电,电流 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 2. 背景,上下文 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 3. 呼吸 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 4. 金属 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 5. 埋葬,掩埋 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 6. 统一,使成一体 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 7. 百分比 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 8. 智慧,明智 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 9. 砖,砖块 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 10. 裂缝,破裂;打开,破解 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 11. 废墟;毁灭，破坏 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 12. 震惊;电击,冲击 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 13. 复苏,恢复生机 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 14. 陷阱;诱捕,设陷阱 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 1 15. 努力,尝试 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 16. 电,电流 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 17. 背景,上下文 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 18. 呼吸 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 19. 金属 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 20. 埋葬,掩埋 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 21. 统一,使成一体 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 22. 百分比 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 23. 智慧,明智 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 24. 砖,砖块 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 25. 裂缝,破裂;打开,破解 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 26. 废墟;毁灭，破坏 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 27. 震惊;电击,冲击 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 28. 复苏,恢复生机 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 29. 陷阱;诱捕,设陷阱 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 30. 努力,尝试 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 31. 电,电流 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 32. 背景,上下文 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 33. 呼吸 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 34. 金属 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 35. 埋葬,掩埋 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 36. 统一,使成一体 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 37. 百分比 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 38. 智慧,明智 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 39. 砖,砖块 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 40. 裂缝,破裂;打开,破解 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 41. 废墟;毁灭，破坏 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 42. 震惊;电击,冲击 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 43. 复苏,恢复生机 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 44. 陷阱;诱捕,设陷阱 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 45. 努力,尝试 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 46. 电,电流 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 47. 背景,上下文 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 48. 呼吸 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 49. 金属 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 50. 埋葬,掩埋 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 51. 统一,使成一体 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 52. 百分比 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 53. 智慧,明智 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 54. 砖,砖块 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 55. 裂缝,破裂;打开,破解 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 56. 废墟;毁灭，破坏 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 57. 震惊;电击,冲击 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 58. 复苏,恢复生机 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 59. 陷阱;诱捕,设陷阱 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 60. 努力,尝试 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 2 三、文本敏感性训练 以下文章围绕本次重点词汇编写，目的在于提升语境中对这些词的敏感性。请在认真阅读文本的同 时，尽量提升阅读速度。阅读时切忌采用跳读、略读等“技巧”，更不要先看问题再找答案。做题的目 的是检验和保持阅读质量，而不要将阅读视作做题的负担。 Passage 1：全题共 323 词，建议用时387秒，实际用时________秒。 Once upon a time, in a small village, there was abrickhouse that stood strong for many years. However, one day, acrackappeared in one of its walls. The villagers were inshock because they knew that even a smallcrackcouldruinthe strength of the house. They decided tounifytheir efforts to fix the house. They usedmetalto support the structure and worked hard to fill thecrack. They knew the importance ofelectricityfor light and safety, so they carefully avoided any electric traps. After several days of hard work, they managed to burythecrackcompletely. During this time, they learned a lot about teamwork and thewisdomof working together. They understood thecontextof the saying, "Unity is strength." Although it was a difficult task, their collectiveeffortrevived the house, making it stronger than before. They could breatheeasily now, knowing they had saved their beloved house fromruin. This story teaches us that witheffortand unity, we can overcome challenges that seem impossible at first. It also highlights the importance ofwisdomand understanding the contextof our actions. 1. What was the initial problem with thebrickhouse? A. It was polluted. B. Acrackappeared in one of its walls. C. It was trapped byelectricity. D. It was buried under the ground. 2. How did the villagers fix the house? A. By usingmetalto support it. B. By ignoring thecrack. C. By usingelectricity. D. By leaving it toruin. 3. What did the villagers learn from repairing the house? A. Thatelectricityis dangerous. B. That unity is strength. C. That houses are difficult to repair. D. That cracks are not important. 4. What does the story suggest about challenges? A. They are impossible to overcome. B. They can be solved witheffortand unity. C. They should be ignored. D. Theyruineverything. Passage 2：全题共 380 词，建议用时456秒，实际用时________秒。 In a small village, there was an old bridge made of bricks andmetal. This bridge was very important because it was the only way for the villagers to cross the river to the market. One day, a big storm hit the village. The next morning, the villagers were inshockto find that the 3 bridge had a hugecrack. It seemed like the bridge was about toruin, which wouldtrap them in the village. Mr. Lee, a wise old man, suggested, "We mustunifyand make aneffortto fix the bridge. We cannot wait for someone else to solve our problem." The villagers agreed. They started to gather bricks andmetalto repair thecrack. They worked day and night, and after several days, they managed to fix the bridge. They were all very happy and proud of their work. They couldbreatheeasily again, knowing that the bridge was safe. The village teacher decided to use this event to teach the children about the importance of teamwork and communityeffort. She explained howelectricityand modern tools could have made the work easier, but the villagers didn't have access to them. Instead, they relied on theirwisdomand the strength of their unity. The teacher also mentioned that, according to a survey, 90percentof the villagers believed the bridge would collapse and they would be trapped forever. But with their hard work, they proved that prediction to be false. They revived the spirit of the village and showed that by working together, no challenge is too big to overcome. Questions: 1. What was the main problem the villagers faced? A. The market was too far. B. The bridge had a hugecrack. C. They had noelectricity. D. The children needed education. 2. Who suggested fixing the bridge? A. The teacher. B. Mr. Lee. C. The children. D. The mayor of the village. 3. What did the villagers use to repair the bridge? A. Electricity and modern tools. B. Magic. C. Bricks andmetal. D. Wood from the forest. 4. What lesson did the teacher want to teach the children? A. The importance of education. B. How to build a bridge. C. The value of teamwork and communityeffort. D. The history of their village. 四、参考答案 Passage 1： 1. B 选择题答案理由：故事中明确提到了一道裂缝出现在房子的一面墙上，这是引发村民担忧并采取行动的直接原因。2. A 理由：文章描述了村民们使用金属来支撑结构，并努力填补裂缝，以此来修复房子。 3. B 理由：通过共同努力修复房子的过程，村民们学到了团队合作的智慧和“团结就是力量”这一说法的含义。4. B 理由：故事强调了通过努力和团结，即使最初看似不可能的挑战也能被克服。 参考译文 1 从前，在一个小村庄里，有一座用砖头建成的房子，多年来一直坚固地矗立着。然而，有一天，其中一面墙出现了一道裂缝。村民们对此感到震惊，因为他们知道即使是很小的裂缝也能破坏房子的坚固。他们决定团结起来共同努力修复房子。他们使用金属来支撑结构，并努力填补裂缝。他们知道电力对于光照和安全的重要性，所以他们小心地避免了任何电力陷阱。经过几天的辛勤工作，他们终于完全修复了裂缝。在此期间，他们学到了很多关于团队合作和共同努力的智慧。他们理解了“团结就是力量”这句话的含义。尽管这是一项艰巨的任务，但他们 4 的集体努力让房子变得比以前更加坚固。现在，他们可以轻松地呼吸了，知道他们已经从废墟中拯救了他们心爱的房子。这个故事教会我们，通过努力和团结，我们可以克服起初看似不可能的挑战。它还强调了智慧和理解我们行动背景的重要性。 Passage 2： 1. B 选择题答案理由 文章中提到村庄唯一的桥梁出现了巨大的裂缝，这是村民们面临的主要问题。 2. B 理由 文中指出，是Mr. Lee提出了修复桥梁的建议，因此答案为B。 3. C 理由 根据文章内容，村民们使用砖块和金属来修复桥梁，所以答案是C。 4. C 理由 老师通过这个事件教导孩子们团队合作和社区努力的重要性，因此正确答案是C。 参考译文 2 在一个小村庄里，有一座由砖块和金属制成的老桥。这座桥非常重要，因为它是村民们唯一可以穿越河流前往市场的方式。一天，一场大风暴袭击了村庄。第二天早上，村民们震惊地发现桥上出现了一个巨大的裂缝。看起来桥梁即将毁坏，这将使他们被困在村子里。 李先生，一位智慧的老人，建议说：“我们必须团结起来，努力修复桥梁。我们不能等别人来解决我们的问题。”村民们同意了。他们开始收集砖块和金属来修补裂缝。他们日夜工作，经过几天的努力，他们终于修好了桥。所有人都非常高兴并为他们的工作感到自豪。他们可以再次轻松地呼吸，知道桥梁是安全的。 村里的老师决定利用这个事件来教育孩子们团队合作和社区努力的重要性。她解释说，电和现代工具本可以使工作更加容易，但是村民们无法使用它们。相反，他们依靠自己的智慧和团结的力量。 老师还提到，根据一项调查，90%的村民认为桥梁会坍塌，他们将永远被困。但是通过他们的努力工作，他们证明了这个预测是错误的。他们复兴了村庄的精神，并展示了通过共同努力，没有任何挑战是太大不可克服的。 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$