2025届高考英语之突破阅读理解 导学案

阅读理解题型讲解与练习 做题秘籍:解题时先画出题目中的关键词,再画出选项中的关键词,使用快速阅读的方法,定位文章中对应题目的关键词,再仔细阅读定位的段落或句子,找出答案。(采用原词复现、近义词、同义词甚至反义词等方法 误导项:符合常识与逻辑,但不是作者在文中表达的。 细节理解题 ...... Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. They use their noses to assess their enviromment and look out for any signs of danger. They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax. However, another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells. Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future. That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like. 25. How does a pet cat assess different situations? A. By listening for sounds. B. By touching familiar objects. C. By checking on smells. D. By communicating with other cats. 变式1: The Saint Lukas train doesn't accept passengers-it accepts only the sick. The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia. Each stop lasts an average of two days, and during that time the doctors and nurses on board provide rural(乡村)populations with basic medical care, X-ray scans and prescriptions. 28. How is the Saint Lukas different from other trains? A. It runs across countries. B. It reserves seats for the seniors. C. It functions as a hospital. D. It travels along a river. 变式2: The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt to improve the situation. For 10 months every year, the train stops at abouteight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock(补给). Then it starts all over again the next month. Most stations wait about a year between visits. 30. How long can the Saint Lukas work with one supply? A. About a year. B. About ten months. C. About two months. D. About two weeks. 推理判断题 Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals(声音)that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills. They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you're able to interpret it. If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food. However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed. 1. What can be learned about cats' meowing from the first paragraph? A. It's a survival skill. B. It's taught by mother cats. C. It's hard to interpret. D. It's getting louder with age. 变式1: Russia's public health care service has been in serious need of modernization. The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River, including arranging doctor's appointments by video chat and expanding financial aid programs to motivate doctors to practice medicine in remote parts of the country like Krasnoyarsk. 29. What can we infer from paragraph 3 about Krasnoyarsk? A. It is heavily populated. B. It offers training for doctors. C. It is a modern city. D. It needs medical aid. 变式2: ...... In fact, many species grow out of their spots, and the reasons aren’t entirely understood. According to Gotanda, patterning is typically considered more energetically costly to produce than a single, solid color. But spots don’t take a lot of energy to grow and maintain at least in the case of white spots. There must be other reasons to explain their loss, he said. Which statement might Gotanda agree with? A.Animals with spots on the body are more energetic. B.Spotted animals often exist in uniform surroundings. C.The growth of animal spots will consume lots of energy. D.There are more to explore about the loss of animal spots. 主旨大意题 秘籍:首段尾段, 首句尾句, 重复出现 ...... Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train's equipment allows for basic checkups.“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned," says Ducke. "They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want." 31. What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services? A. Appreciative. B. Doubtful. C. Ambiguous. D. Cautious. 变式1: A new study reveals that pigeons (鸽子) can tackle some problems just like artificial intelligence, enabling them to solve difficult tasks that might challenge humans. Previous research has theorized that pigeons employ a problem-solving strategy, involving a trial-and- error approach, which is similar to the approach used in AI models but differs from humans' reliance on selective attention and rule use. To examine it, Brandon Turner, a psychology professor at the Ohio State University, and his colleagues conducted the new study. ....... What’s interesting, though, is that pigeons use this method of learning that is very similar to AI designed by humans, Turner said. “We celebrate how smart we are that we designed artificial intelligence: at the same time, we regard pigeons as not clever animals,” he said. What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Pigeons’ trial-and-error method is revealed B.Pigeons outperform humans in tough tasks C.“Not smart” pigeons may be as smart as AI D.AI models after pigeons' learning approach 词义猜测题 秘籍:对于词义猜测题,可以根据上下文和语境的例证关系推断词义,也可以根据近义词和反义词帮助猜测词义。(需借助but, however等重点词) Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch. Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. This is a very old habit that's been present in all kinds of predators(食肉动物). Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time. So just go along with it! ...... 26. Which best explains the phrase “take...up a notch" in paragraph 3? A. Perform appropriately. B. Move faster) C. ActEstrangely D.-Do better. 变式1:They found that farmers typically use hybrid (杂交) seeds, which must be repurchased each year, to grow a diverse range of vegetables in the floating gardens. The gardens are also sensitive to pests, so farmers end up spending some money on both pesticides and fertilizers. But even with those expenses, they found, benefits outweighed costs. One farmer told the research team that he earns up to four times as much money from the gardens as from traditional rice fields. What does the underlined word"outweighed" in paragraph 5 mean? A Affected B Brought C Beat D Equaled 变式2:“It is not as overt a pattern as something like a stick insect that becomes something else entirely, which can be clearly identified. But spots do create these three-dimensional effects that help some species hide better,” said Gotanda. What does the underlined word “overt” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Obvious. B.Strange. C.Hidden. D.Complex. 真题精练 1. Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot tobring something to read? Yes,we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read something printed. Well,there's a kiosk(小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area,at least. “You enter the fare gates(检票口)and you'll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,"'says Alicia Trost, the chief communications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit-known as BART.“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story." It's that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since the program was launch d last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new original works. Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders."We wanted to do something where we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest," Trost says."And as of right now,we've received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into our kiosk and then you would be a published artist." Ridership on transit(交通)systems across the country has been down the past half century,so could short stories save transit? Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories," she says. And you'll never be without something to read. 24. Why did BARD start the kiosk program? A. To promote the local culture B. To discourage phone use. C. To meet passengers' needs. D. To reduce its running costs 25. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? A. By popularity. B. By length. C. By theme. D. By language. 26. What has Trost been doing recently? A. Organizing a story contest. B. Doing a survey of customners. C. Choosing a print publisher. D. Conducting interviews with artists. 27. What is Trost's opinion about BART's future? A. It will close down. B. Its profits will decline. C. It will expand nationwide D. Its ridership will increase. 2. Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge.We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive(侵入的)plant removal,winter planting, and seed collection. Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. GROUPS Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. AGE,SKILLS,WHAT TO BRING Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed. We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary. Bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch. No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills(满足)community service requirements. UPCOMING EVENTS Time Meeting Location Sunday,Jan. 15 10:00am-1:00pm Battery Alexander Trailhead Sunday,Jan. 22 10:00am-2:30pm Stinson Beach Parking Lot Sunday,Jan. 29 9:30am-2:30pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead 21. What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team? A. To discover mineral resources. B. To develop new wildlife parks. C. To protect the local ecosystem. D. To conduct biological research. 22. What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team? A.5. B.10. C.15. D.18. 23. What are the volunteers expected to do? A. Bring their own tools. B. Work even in bad weather. C. Wear a team uniform. D. Do at least three projects. 3. “I am not cazy," says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture(针灸)on a rabbit. I am ahead of my time." If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his co-workers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he'll have the last laugh. He's one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians(兽医)now practicing “holistic”medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuancture,chiropractic(按摩疗法)and herbal medicine. Farber, a graduate of Colorado State University, started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients. So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets. Leigh Tindale's dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack.Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber's, treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months. And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy,“moves more easily and rides more comfortably" after a chiropractic adjustment. Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinar Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. "Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well," he says. "I will do gnything to help an animal. That's my job."2024新保标卷I 英语(1-4) 24. What do some of Farber's coworkers think of him? A. He's odd. B. He's strict. C. He's brave. D. He's rude. 25. Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets? A. He was trained in it at university B. He was inspired by another veterinarian. C. He benenited from it as a patient. D. He wanted to save money for pet owners. 26. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A. Steps of a chiropractic treatment. B. The complexity of veterinarians' work. C. Examples of rare animal diseases. D. The effectiveness of holistic medicme. 27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber's point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. 4. A 35-minute hand-clapping, foot-stomping musical version of a Mark Twain favorite returns with this Tall Stacks festival. “Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure" has all the good stuff, including the fence painting,the graveyard, the island and the cave. It is adapted by Joe McDonough,with music by David Kisor.That's the local stage writing team that creates many of the Children's Theatre of Cincinnati's original musicals, along with the holiday family musicals at Ensemble Theatre. This year Nathan Turner of Burlington is Tom Sawyer, and Robbie McMath of Fort Mitchell is Huck Finn. Turner, a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a familiar presence on Cincinnati's stages. He is a star actor of Children's Theatre, having played leading roles in“The Legend of Sleepy Hollow" and "The Wizard of Oz,” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”. McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of "Tom Sawyer" when it was first performed and is a Children's Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. This summer he attended Kentucky's Governor's School for the Arts in Musical Theatre. Note to teachers: Children's Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taughtthrough "Tom Sawyer." For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children's Theatre. 21. Who wrote the music for "Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure"? A. David Kisor. B. Joe McDonough. C. Nathan Turner. D. Robbie McMath. 22. What can we learn about the two actors? A. They study in the same school. B. They worked together in “Ragtime". C. They are experienced on stage. D. They became friends ten years ago. 23. What does Children's Theatre provide for teachers? A. Research funding B. Training oppurtunities C. Technical support D. Educational resources 5. When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call-not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago, right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was... 2006. I was conducting auditions(试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London.Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more “young professional”. As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me.Suddenly I was locked outside. MMy mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady's managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived. As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardlybe surprised that there are no longer any public telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turned into a “mini community library": any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves, and return it later,or replace it with another title from their own collection. For a few months after the "library" opened, I didn't bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories. Then I noticed folk conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I've discovered some great books! If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me. 24. What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to? A. The play. B. The shared house. C. The sofa. D. The telephone box. 25. Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006? A. To place an urgent call. B. To put up a notice. C. To shelter from the rain. D. To hold an audition. 26. What do we know about the “mini community library"? A. It provides phone service for free. B. Anyone can contribute to its collection. C. It is popular among young readers. D. Books must be returned within a month. 27. Why did the author start to use the “library"? A. He wanted to borrow some love stories. B. He was encouraged by a close neighbour. C. He found there were excellent free books. D. He thought it was an ideal place for reading. 6. When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)?Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured,maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himnself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥).First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage(污水)from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. "Ecological design" is the name John gives to what he does. "Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor," he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair." 24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 25. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem. C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine. 26. What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John's research plans. B. To show an application of John's idea. C. To compare John's different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John's invention. 27. What is the basis for John's work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. 7. When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)?Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured,maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himnself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥).First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage(污水)from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. "Ecological design" is the name John gives to what he does. "Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor," he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair." 24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A. He was fond of traveling. B. He enjoyed being alone. C. He had an inquiring mind. D. He longed to be a doctor. 25. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A. To feed the animals. B. To build an ecosystem. C. To protect the plants. D. To test the eco-machine. 26. What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A. To review John's research plans. B. To show an application of John's idea. C. To compare John's different jobs. D. To erase doubts about John's invention. 27. What is the basis for John's work? A. Nature can repair itself. B. Organisms need water to survive. C. Life on Earth is diverse. D. Most tiny creatures live in groups. 8. The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you. To do so, I divided the book into two parts. In part one, I describe the philosophical foundations of digital minimalism, starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many people's digital lives increasingly intolerable, before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy. Part one concludes by introducing my suggested method for adopting this philosophy: the digital declutter. This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you value. In the final chapter of part one, I'll guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter.In doing so, I'll draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter. You'll hear these participants'stories and learn what strategies worked well for them,and what traps they encountered that you should avoid. The second part of this book takes a closer look at some ideas that will help you cultivate(培养)a sustainable digital minimalism lifestyle. In these chapters, I examine issues such as the importance of solitude(独处)and the necessity of cultivating high-quality leisure to replace the time most now spend on mindless device use. Each chapter concludes with a collection of practices,which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances. 28. What is the book aimed at? A. Teaching critical thinking skills. B. Advocating a simple digital lifestyle. C. Solving philosophical problems. D. Promoting the use of a digital device. 29. What does the underlined word "declutter" in paragraph 3 mean? A. Clear-up. B. Add-on. C. Check-in. D. Take-over. 30. What is presented in the final chapter of part one? A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods. C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses. 31. What does the author suggest readers do with the practices offered in part two? A. Use them as needed. B.Recommend them to friends. C. Evaluate their effects. D. Identify the ideas behind them. 9. Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts,a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo's students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. "The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks," she says. "They come to us thinking vegetables are awful,dirt is awful, insects are awful." Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts' classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes.“We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they're eating differently,"Jaramillo says. She adds that the program's benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides,working in the garden seemsto have a calming effect on Jaramillo's special education students,many of whom have emotional control issues. "They get outside," she says,“and they feel successful." 24. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A. She used to be a health worker. B. She grew up in a low-income family. C. She owns a fast food restaurant. D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. 25. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program? A. The kids' parents distrusted her. B. Students had little time for her classes. C. Some kids disliked garden work. D. There was no space for school gardens. 26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A. Far-reaching. B. Predictable. C. Short-lived. D. Unidentifiable. 27. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Rescuing School Gardens B. Experiencing Country Life C. Growing Vegetable Lovers D. Changing Local Landscape 10. Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object-the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world. The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being.In artists' representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time. In this “book of books," artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of chidren learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed(描绘)alone in many settings and poses-absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to. Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect(才智),wealth or faith of the subject. Before thewide use of the printing press, books were treasured objects and could be works of art in their own right. More recently, as books have become inexpensive or even throwaway, artists have used them as the raw material for artworks-transforming covers,pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures. Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user: the cover opened, the pages parted, the contents reviewed, perhaps notes written down or words underlined. And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still o