2025年贵州中考英语二轮复习重难点题型突破课件：题型二还原型阅读理解

第三 部分 题型二　 还原型阅读理解 考情分析 解题步骤 一般情况下，该题型设空位置有三种：段首，段中，段尾。设空位置不同，句子的功能及所使用的方法不同： ◆设空在段首，一般有以下三种情况： (1) 是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。 (2) 与后文是并列、转折或因果等关系。着重阅读后文第一句，锁定线索词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常设空处所填句子与空后的第 一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有某种衔接关系。 (3) 是段落间的过渡句。这时要瞻前顾后，即阅读上一段结尾部分，并结合下一段内容，看所选答案是否能将两段内容连贯起来。 解题方法 ◆设空在段中，一般在文中起承上启下的作用，可采取以下方法： 重点阅读该空的前一句和后一句，找出它们的逻辑关系，或者根据意义的连贯性，得出答案；如果没有把握，再分析该段的主题。因为段落主题确定后，所有的句子和词都是围绕该主题进行阐述的。 ◆设空在段尾，一般有以下四种情况： (1) 通常是总结、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论和总结 等的信号词(组)，如so，as a result，in short，in a word等，选项中也可能会出现前文的同义词(句)。 (2) 与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的连接词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对 立或对比关系。 (3) 与前文是并列或递进关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补充说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落一致性原则应在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词。通常在选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的连接词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。 (4) 与后文是承接关系。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑设空处与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几 句，看是否能在选项中找到相关信息。依据不同设空位置与前后语境，灵活运用以下方法选出答案： 方法1：词汇复现法 词汇复现主要包括同词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、近义表达语复现等。考生可以细读六个选项，找出关键词，再去原文中查读相对应的关键词，关键词在文中通常出现在空格处的上句或下句，由此可初步确定答案。 方法2：代词线索法 代词指代前后句中的内容，包括人称、地点、名词及名词短语。巧妙利用代词的指代关系和代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。 方法3：逻辑关系法 在答题过程中，我们需要根据句子在文章中的位置联系上下文，梳理句子间的逻辑关系，从而正确答题。能表明句与句之间、层与层之间联系的连接词(组)包含以下几种： 逻辑关系 标志词(组) 因果关系 because，for，since，therefore，as，so，for this reason，as a result等 并列/递进关系 and，or，as well as，not only…but also…，on the one hand… on the other hand，besides，also，even，in addition，what's more，first，second，third，firstly，secondly，thirdly，next，then等 转折、让步关系 though，although，even if，however，instead，while，still，even though，yet等 解释、例证关系 such as，for example，in other words，that is (to say)，it means…，in fact等 [2024其他市、州] 真题剖析 Asking for advice is not so easy. In a recent study，74 percent of people said they were afraid to ask for advice. But people who ask for advice are more likely to succeed at a task. So how do you ask for advice? 1 逻辑关系推断法：空处位于段尾，是段落间的过渡句。空前句询问如何寻求建议，下文内容均为寻求建议的方式，猜测空处应是引出寻求建议的方式。 A．Probably not. B．The answer is yes! C．Here are some ways for you. D．What advice do you have for me? E．You should also consider when to ask. F．Sometimes you may need to ask for a second opinion. • Look for the best person to give you advice. It might be easy to ask all your friends on social media for advice at once，but will you value all the advice equally(同等地)? 2 It might be better to choose one or two people whose opinions you value most. Ideally(最理想的是)，you can ask for advice from people who have experience in the topic you’re asking about. 逻辑关系推断法：空处位于段中，承上启下。空前句询问是否会同等地衡量所有的建议，空后句说明选择一两个人的建议就好，猜测空处应是表示否定的句型。 A．Probably not. B．The answer is yes! C．Here are some ways for you. D．What advice do you have for me? E．You should also consider when to ask. F．Sometimes you may need to ask for a second opinion. • Provide enough information clearly. For example，imagine you can't decide how to organize a clubactivity. When you ask for advice，you should mention the topic，the place and the time. 3 If yourquestions require a lot of thought，you should ask the person for advice when he or she is clear-headed. 逻辑关系推断法：空处位于段中，空前句说明寻求建议应该提供的信息，空后句说明当询问的问题需要深入思考时，应该在对方思维清晰的时候进行询问，猜测空处与前一句为递进关系，且与寻求建议的时间相关。 A．Probably not. B．The answer is yes! C．Here are some ways for you. D．What advice do you have for me? E．You should also consider when to ask. F．Sometimes you may need to ask for a second opinion. • Be specific(具体的) when you ask questions. Imagine you want to own a business someday. Do you ask a business owner，“ 4 ” No，because it's not specific enough. Instead，try asking，“Whatcollege classes did you find helpful for starting a business？” 逻辑关系推断法：空处位于段中，且在引号中，根据空前的“ask”、空后的“Instead”和空后引号中的内容，猜测空处应是问句，且与空后引号中的问句构成对比。 A．Probably not. B．The answer is yes! C．Here are some ways for you. D．What advice do you have for me? E．You should also consider when to ask. F．Sometimes you may need to ask for a second opinion. • 5 If you can’t solve your problem by following the first person’s advice，why not ask someone else who may think differently? The key is: Don’t be afraid to ask for advice. 逻辑关系推断法：空处位于段首，根据前三段给出的首句均为主题句，且空后句给出建议是寻求其他人的不同的建议，猜测空处应介绍第四个建议是寻求其他建议。 A．Probably not. B．The answer is yes! C．Here are some ways for you. D．What advice do you have for me? E．You should also consider when to ask. F．Sometimes you may need to ask for a second opinion. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了寻求建议的四种方式。 【参考答案】1-5 CAEDF Passage 1 Are you an “active couch potato(沙发土豆)”？ You can answer the following two questions and find out: Do you exercise for 30 minutes every day? 1.____ 题型演练 D A．Do you like to eat snacks while watching TV? B．More than 3,700 men and women took part in it. C．The lesson from the research is that we need to move often. D．Do you spend the rest of the day sitting in front of a screen? E．But does it matter how we spend the other 23 and a half hours? F．And their blood sugar and body fat were higher than that they should be. If you answer yes to both questions, then you are an “active couch potato”. It means that even though you exercise, you could be at risk of kinds of health problems. The World Health Organization advises us to exercise for at least 30 minutes a day. And this can improve our health. 2.____ Few researchers have tried to answer the question. E A．Do you like to eat snacks while watching TV? B．More than 3,700 men and women took part in it. C．The lesson from the research is that we need to move often. D．Do you spend the rest of the day sitting in front of a screen? E．But does it matter how we spend the other 23 and a half hours? F．And their blood sugar and body fat were higher than that they should be. Later, some Finnish scientists did new research. 3.____ The research studied how people move—or don’t move—during the day. The scientists found that about a third of these people exercised for half an hour, but then sat for 10 to 12 hours a day. These people were “active couch potatoes”. 4.____The results tell us that if we exercise for half an hour but then sit for the rest of the day, it’s almost as if we had not exercised at all. B F A．Do you like to eat snacks while watching TV? B．More than 3,700 men and women took part in it. C．The lesson from the research is that we need to move often. D．Do you spend the rest of the day sitting in front of a screen? E．But does it matter how we spend the other 23 and a half hours? F．And their blood sugar and body fat were higher than that they should be. 5.____ Just keep it simple. For example, we can clean our houses or climb the stairs. We can also try to do a little more exercise. In short, the goal is to sit less. So try to move more, whenever we can and in any ways that we enjoy. C A．Do you like to eat snacks while watching TV? B．More than 3,700 men and women took part in it. C．The lesson from the research is that we need to move often. D．Do you spend the rest of the day sitting in front of a screen? E．But does it matter how we spend the other 23 and a half hours? F．And their blood sugar and body fat were higher than that they should be. Passage 2 [2024湖南长沙改编]You’ve probably heard of books that will change your life. And a lot of readers agree that the book Atomic Habits(《原子习惯》) will meet your needs. James Clear，who did a lot of research on formation of habits，is the writer of Atomic Habits. 1.____ It has sold over 15 million copies and has been translated into more than 50 languages. And his website receives millions of visitors each month. E A．Why is it so popular? B．It’s important for us to have a good habit. C．Instead, focus on who you want to become. D．He calls these repeated actions “atomic habits”． E．This book is a No. 1 New York Times bestseller. F．Also, it will give you the tools you need to change your habits. 2.____ That’s because the book introduces a practical system(系统) for creating good habits and breaking bad ones. Readers everywhere are very interested in Clear’s “science of tiny habits”． A A．Why is it so popular? B．It’s important for us to have a good habit. C．Instead, focus on who you want to become. D．He calls these repeated actions “atomic habits”． E．This book is a No. 1 New York Times bestseller. F．Also, it will give you the tools you need to change your habits. In the book, the writer suggests trying to get 1% better each day. For example, you’d like to exercise but you don’t think you have the time or energy. Clear suggests starting with two minutes a day. Over time, the effects of this habit will increase as you repeat the actions. 3.____ “All big things come from small beginnings,” says Clear. D A．Why is it so popular? B．It’s important for us to have a good habit. C．Instead, focus on who you want to become. D．He calls these repeated actions “atomic habits”． E．This book is a No. 1 New York Times bestseller. F．Also, it will give you the tools you need to change your habits. Clear continues with the following advice: Don’t focus on(聚焦) what you want to achieve. 4.____ For example, two men want to break the habit of smoking. When offered a cigarette(香烟), one says, “No, thanks. I’m trying to give up smoking.” The other says, “No, thanks. I’m not a smoker.” While the C A．Why is it so popular? B．It’s important for us to have a good habit. C．Instead, focus on who you want to become. D．He calls these repeated actions “atomic habits”． E．This book is a No. 1 New York Times bestseller. F．Also, it will give you the tools you need to change your habits. first man still sees himself as a smoker, the second man doesn’t. Clear says, “Bad habits will die more easily if you focus on who you want to become.” Atomic Habits will reshape the way you think about progress and success. 5.____ Slowly but surely，it will have a great effect on your health，job and relationships. A．Why is it so popular? B．It’s important for us to have a good habit. C．Instead, focus on who you want to become. D．He calls these repeated actions “atomic habits”． E．This book is a No. 1 New York Times bestseller. F．Also, it will give you the tools you need to change your habits. F Passage 3 It’s summer, so it’s a great time to be outdoors. One way of enjoying the fresh air is to attend a music festival. There you can enjoy seeing your favorite musicians perform. 1.____ There are other activities to enjoy. And of course, it’s a chance to spend time with your friends. B A．So they often meet rain! B．But it’s not just about the music. C．And festivals have become big business, too. D．People have always enjoyed getting together. E．It’s a place that is far away from everyday rules. F．This outdoor event was one of the largest ever to be held. 2.____ Even in ancient times, people would come together, have dinners and celebrate，and sometimes together with playing or listening to music. So, music festivals are nothing new. But they have changed gradually. In recent times, one of the most famous music festivals was Woodstock Festival in the USA in 1969. 3.____ It promised “three days of peace and music”. It attracted a lare crowd of people. D F A．So they often meet rain! B．But it’s not just about the music. C．And festivals have become big business, too. D．People have always enjoyed getting together. E．It’s a place that is far away from everyday rules. F．This outdoor event was one of the largest ever to be held. And in 1970，the Glastonbury Festival began on a farm in the UK. It now spreads a lot larger. It has become a highlight in a festival goers' music calendar. It attracts large crowds who camp out for the weekend. We all know that the weather in the UK is changeable. 4.____ A A．So they often meet rain! B．But it’s not just about the music. C．And festivals have become big business, too. D．People have always enjoyed getting together. E．It’s a place that is far away from everyday rules. F．This outdoor event was one of the largest ever to be held. Other festivals have also become huge. They include the Danube Island Festival in Austria and Coachella in the USA—a music and arts festival with every style of music. There seems to be a festival for everyone around the world. 5.____ According to a research in 2018，the music festival industry was worth $3 billion(十亿) all over the world, and it has continued to grow. Ticket prices are higher and higher. However, for many young people, attending a festival has become a shared experience that can’t be missed. C A．So they often meet rain! B．But it’s not just about the music. C．And festivals have become big business, too. D．People have always enjoyed getting together. E．It’s a place that is far away from everyday rules. F．This outdoor event was one of the largest ever to be held. Passage 4 [2024广东深圳]There are many humanistic monuments(人文古迹) and natural scenic spots(景点) in textbooks. Children are always interested in them，and they want to go there in person.1.____ This kind of tour allows parents and children to deepen their understanding of the scenes(场景) mentioned in the textbooks. C A．Textbooks can broaden my horizons. B．This further makes their journey colorful. C．That’s why the textbook tour has become popular these days. D．They follow the stories in the textbooks and choose places to travel. E．Cultural workers teach “Dayu culture” to tourists in these activities. F．Through the practice, children can have a deeper understanding of the textbooks. Many families have taken part in the textbook tour. 2.____ They can understand the cultural background and experience the historical period in the textbooks. For example, in Fuzhou, parents and children can watch lively shows and visit the museums to learn more about the famous writer Tang Xianzu in the Ming Dynasty. In addition, they can learn about the local customs. 3.____ D B A．Textbooks can broaden my horizons. B．This further makes their journey colorful. C．That’s why the textbook tour has become popular these days. D．They follow the stories in the textbooks and choose places to travel. E．Cultural workers teach “Dayu culture” to tourists in these activities. F．Through the practice, children can have a deeper understanding of the textbooks. The textbook tour is a connection between “reading thousands of books” and “travelling thousands of miles”. 4.____ Besides, the textbook tour further increases children’s pride in their motherland. It also helps them learn about the excellent traditional culture of China. F A．Textbooks can broaden my horizons. B．This further makes their journey colorful. C．That’s why the textbook tour has become popular these days. D．They follow the stories in the textbooks and choose places to travel. E．Cultural workers teach “Dayu culture” to tourists in these activities. F．Through the practice, children can have a deeper understanding of the textbooks. The rise of the textbook tour is a great chance for the connection between culture and tourism. For example，the Wenchuan government holds some activities on the birthday of Dayu. 5.____ This spreads local culture and provides an unforgettable experience for tourists. As the textbook tour becomes a new fashion，the government should offer warm services to achieve a win-win situation for both scenic spots and tourists. E A．Textbooks can broaden my horizons. B．This further makes their journey colorful. C．That’s why the textbook tour has become popular these days. D．They follow the stories in the textbooks and choose places to travel. E．Cultural workers teach “Dayu culture” to tourists in these activities. F．Through the practice, children can have a deeper understanding of the textbooks. $$