Unit4 Space Exploration 重点词汇归纳及同步练习-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第三册

必修三 Unit 4 1. determined adj. 坚决的，坚定的 be determined to do sth. 决定做某事 Our football team were determined to win the game despite difficulties. [词形转换] 1）determine v. 决定 determine on sth. 决定某事 determine to do sth. 决定做某事 2）determination n. 决定 2. launch 1）v. 发射，把（航天器、武器等）发射上天；使（船、尤指新船）下水 launch a satellite 发射卫星 2）v. 开始从事，发起，发动（尤指有组织的活动） The organization has launched a campaign to raise $ 150,000. 3）v.（首次）上市，发行；发布新产品 The new generation of smartphones launched yesterday received much media coverage. 4）n.（航天器的）发射，（船的）下水，（产品的）上市 This morning’s launch of the space shuttle has been delayed. 3. focus on/ upon 集中注意力于… In class, keep your attention focused on what your teacher is saying. 4. disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的 be disappointed at/ by sth. 对某物失望 Instead of being disappointed at where you are, think optimistically about where you are going. be disappointed in/ with sb. 对某人失望 What a disappointing match ! We were all disappointed with these players. be disappointed (not) to do sth. 对（未）做某事感到失望 Every time I am disappointed not to win, my coach will encourage me not to give up. [词形转换] 1）disappoint v.（使）失望 2）disappointment n. 失望 to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是 5. desire 1）n. 愿望，欲望，渴望 have no desire for sth. 没有对某物的渴望 have no desire to do sth. 没有做某事的渴望 2）v. 渴望，期望 desire (sb.) to do sth. 渴望（某人）做某事 6. carry on (with) sth./ carry on doing sth. 继续做，坚持干 Whatever difficulty we meet with, we will carry on with the project. [归纳拓展] 1）carry out 实施，执行（计划、命令等），完成（任务） 2）carry sth. through（克服困难后）把…进行到底，完成 7. independently adv. 独立地 Paul imagined all sorts of exciting things about living independently and teaching in a village. [词形转换] 1）depend v. 依靠 depend on/ upon 依靠，信赖 2）dependent adj. 依赖的 be dependent on/ upon 依赖… 3）dependence n. 依赖，依靠 4）independent adj. 独立的 be independent of sb./ sth. 不依靠某人/某物 5）independence n. 独立 gain independence from… 从…中获得独立 8. signal 1）v. 表明，预示；发信号，示意 signal (to/ for) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事 The policeman signalled (to/ for) the children to cross the road when the traffic lights turned green. 2）n. 信号，暗号；信号灯；标志，预示；（无线电、电视等的）信号 The change in the color of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet. 9. in the hope of doing sth. 抱着…的希望 We came to the island in the hope of finding a simpler way of life. 10. so as to do sth. = in order to do sth. 为了做某事 Our school has decided to hold an English speech contest so as to improve students’ English. 11. lack 1）n. 缺乏，匮乏，短缺（前可加不定冠词） (a) lack of… 缺乏… for lack of… 因缺乏… The leaves turned yellow for lack of light. no lack of… 不缺… There is no lack of beauty in life but lack of the eyes to discover it. 2）v. 缺乏，没有（不用于被动语态） Emma says it’s challenging to be a health expert, because people can be easily influenced by advertisements that lack scientific support. [词形转换] 1）lacking adj. 缺乏，不足（不用于名词前） be lacking in… 缺乏… 12. otherwise 1）adv./ conj. 否则，要不然（作副词时可以位于句首，也可以位于句末） My parents lent me the money. Otherwise, I couldn’t have afforded the trip. 2）adv. 除此以外 Levine suffered shock in the accident but was otherwise unhurt. 13. figure out 1）想出；弄懂 When something goes wrong, try to figure out a solution instead of being absorbed in self-pity. 2）计算（数量或成本） My father is trying to figure out his tax. 14. argue 1）争辩，论证，说理 argue for/ against (doing) sth. 赞成/反对（做）某事 I argued for the plan while my elder sister argued against it. argue sb. into/ out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事 John’s family tried to argue him out of going on such a dangerous journey. 2）争吵，争论，争辩 argue with sb. about/ over sth. 就某事与某人争论 My parents argued with each other about the best place for a holiday. [词形转换] 1）argument n. 争论；论据 have an argument with sb. over/ about sth. 15. result in 造成，导致 A slight mistake may result in a great error. [归纳拓展] result in/ result from 1）result in 造成，导致（后接结果） 2）result from 由…造成（后接原因） Sometimes failure results from carelessness and may result in discouragement. 16. limited adj. 有限的 Just like a voyage at sea, our life journey, whose days are limited, is full of difficulties and surprises. [词形转换] 1）limitation n. 限制；局限 2）limit v. 限制 n. 界限；限度 limit…to… 把…限制在…内 set a limit on… 对…作出限制 There is no a/ no limit to… 是有/无限度的 16. run out 用完，耗尽 Protecting the environment is very important as the world’s natural resources are running out. [归纳拓展] run out/ run out of/ use up 易混词 区别 run out 意为“用完，耗尽”时是不及物动词，主语通常为时间、事物、金钱等 run out of 意为“用完，耗尽”是及物动词，主语一般是人 use up 意为“吃光，用尽”，是及物动词，可用于被动语态 1）run across 偶然遇见（或看到） 2）run away from… 逃离… 3）run into 碰到（某人）；遇到（困难）；撞上 4）run after 追逐；追求 5）run over 溢出；撞到并碾压 6）run through one’s mind/ head 突然想到 [巩固练习] 1. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural r________ to make, and buying loads of new clothing (or throwing out old clothing) is not healthy for the environment. 2. Scientists may be able to ________（监视）the behavior of sharks to predict the weather. 3. I am writing this letter to you to express my concern about the sports ________（设施）in our school. 4. In autumn, fishing in ________（浅的）water, where the water temperature is relatively high, does make sense. 5. In an online class, developing healthy ________（模式）of communication with professors is very important. 6. In 1977, two spacecraft called Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 sere sent out to explore the s________ system. 7. Just 9% of global plastic waste is ________（回收利用）. 8. After a day’s exploring, relax your ________（肌肉）in one of the many natural hot springs. 9. Elizabeth has already achieved success ________（超出）her wildest dreams. 10. Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is reluctant to invest in ________（足够的）training for his staff. 11. What is the ________（目前的）situation regarding economic development in your hometown? 12. Despite my ________（缺乏）of running experience, I agreed to take part in a half marathon. 13. To conduct a study, British scientists first found 10 overweight and inactive but ________（除此之外）healthy young men. 14. Living in space stations seems to be fun, but a________ face many problems. 15. China’s first cargo spacecraft Tianzhou-1 was ________ into space on April 20, 2017. 16. Millions of pieces of junk are floating around o________, which is the result of space travel and few regulations to keep space clean. 17. Some students don’t have a reliable bar, while others have to share v________ with parents who work six days a week. 18. The chairman is quite familiar with the ________（程序）for conducting a meeting. 19. In the 1600s, the scientific understanding of ________（引力）and outer space was limited. 20. I made up my mind to be a journalist when I visited the Xinhua News ________（机构）. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$