精品解析：河南省驻马店市新蔡县第一高级中学2024-2025学年高三上学期11月月考英语试题

新蔡县第一高级中学高三2024年11月份月考英语试题 注意事项： 1.答题前请填好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息； 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上。 一、听力(共两节，满分30分)略 二、阅读理解(共两节，共20小题.每小题2.5分，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分) A If a stranger offered you a free cookie, you might well eat it. But what if they offered to also give you $2? You might politely decline and walk away thinking. “Something smells fishy.” In a study published in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, researchers found that people tend to turn down offers of “free money,” as well as unusually cheap services, because they seem “too good to be true.” In the initial experiment, nearly 40 percent of participants ate a cookie offered freely — compared with about 20 percent of those offered $2 as well. “People typically imagine things like someone did something disgusting to the cookie,” says study lead author Andrew J. Vonasch, a psychological scientist at the University of Canterbury in NewZealand. Nine further experiments used online questionnaires to present other cases. These included being offered money to accept a ride home and surprisingly cheap flights. In each case, past a certain threshold (门槛), higher potential money gain reduced participants’ likelihood of accepting the offer. Vonasch says the study illustrates that contrary to the “standard economic model,” which supposes humans always seek to maximize gains, transactions (交易) need to also be understood as social interactions between people trying to understand each other’s minds. If someone seems to violate accepted norms, such as self-interest, without any explanation, we assume they have hidden motives and infer there will be “phantom (幻影) costs”, imagined consequences that reduce what Vonasch calls an offer’s “psychological value”. Factors beyond the present moment may come into play. “Understanding that others’ perceived overgenerosity may put us in their debt could also help explain people’s reluctance,” says Vonasch. The researchers also showed how to make the effect less severe: simply provide a reason for the deal. The “cheap flights” experiment included a condition where the seats were revealed to be very uncomfortable. “Uncomfortable seats aren’t typically a selling point,” Vonasch says. “But telling people the seats were uncomfortable made them more willing to take them because it was sufficient explanation.” 1. Why might people reject an offer of $2 along with a free cookie? A. They dislike a money-related offer. B. They distrust the true value of the offer. C. They think the offer is not good enough. D. They suspect the offer only lasts a short time. 2. What aspect of the nine further experiments is introduced in Paragraph 4? A. The moral concerns. B. The research method. C. The experiments’ duration. D. The participants’ background. 3. Why does the author mention the “cheap flights” experiment in the last paragraph? A. To stress the unpredictability of human choices. B. To illustrate how hidden motives affect people’s choices. C. To emphasize the importance of providing clear examples. D. To show giving sensible reasons can increase acceptance of offers. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Are you worried about “phantom costs”? B. Are you fearful of violating social norms? C. Why do you accept other’s generosity? D. What is an offer’s “psychological value”? 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了为什么人们会拒绝看似过于慷慨的优惠或免费赠品，探讨了经济学和心理学之间的联系。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“In a study published in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, researchers found that people tend to turn down offers of “free money,” as well as unusually cheap services, because they seem “too good to be true.”(在《个性与社会心理学公报》上发表的一项研究中，研究人员发现，人们倾向于拒绝“免费的钱”，以及异常便宜的服务，因为它们看起来“好得令人难以置信”)”可知，人们会拒绝2美元外加一块免费饼干的提议是因为他们不相信这份提议的真正价值。故选B。 【2题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Nine further experiments used online questionnaires to present other cases. These included being offered money to accept a ride home and surprisingly cheap flights. In each case, past a certain threshold (门槛), higher potential monetary gain reduced participants’ likelihood of accepting the offer.(另外九项实验使用在线问卷来呈现其他情况。其中包括给钱让他搭车回家，以及便宜得惊人的机票。在每一种情况下，超过一定的门槛，更高的潜在金钱收益降低了参与者接受提议的可能性)”可知，第4段介绍了九个进一步实验的研究方法。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The researchers also showed how to mitigate (减轻) the effect: simply provide a reason for the deal.(研究人员还展示了如何减轻这种影响：简单地提供一个交易的理由)”以及““Uncomfortable seats aren’t typically a selling point,” Vonasch says. “But telling people the seats were uncomfortable made them more willing to take them because it was sufficient explanation.” (“不舒服的座位通常不是卖点，”沃纳什说。“但告诉人们座位不舒服会让他们更愿意坐，因为这是一个充分的解释。”)”可知，作者提到“廉价航班”实验是为了表明给出理由可以增加提议的接受度。故选D。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第六段“If someone seems to violate accepted norms, such as self-interest, without any explanation, we assume they have hidden motives and infer there will be “phantom costs”, imagined consequences that reduce what Vonasch calls an offer’s “psychological value”.(如果某人似乎违反了公认的准则，比如自我利益，而没有任何解释，我们就会假设他们有隐藏的动机，并推断会有“幻影成本”，即降低Vonasch所说的提议的“心理价值”的想象后果)”可知，文章主要讲述了为什么人们会拒绝看似过于慷慨的优惠或免费赠品，探讨了经济学和心理学之间的联系。所以短文的标题为“你担心“幻影成本”吗？”，故选A。 B The word “brainstorming” depicts a vision of hell. It is someone saying, “Fire up the brainwaves barbecue.” It is trying desperately to work out where everyone else’s cursors (光标) have gone on a digital whiteboard. Yet brainstorming persists, and for decent reasons. Getting a group of people together is an opportunity to exploit different viewpoints. So why is brainstorming often so painful? The problem is that brainstorming must strike a balance between a series of competing necessities. One tension is between creativity and feasibility. A brainstorm is meant to be freeing, a chance to ask out-of-the-box questions. But it is also meant to produce suggestions that can actually be translated into reality, which calls for a more down-to-earth style of thinking. A second tension is between managers and nonmanagers. By its nature brainstorming is insiderish. Someone has to arrange the session, and that person is often the manager of a team. If decision-makers are not in the room, then the suspicion will grow that time is being wasted. If they are, then hierarchies (等级制度) easily become the spotlight: good ideas can shrink with a frown from the boss, and bad ones can survive with a nod. A related issue concerns the presence of outsiders. There is a natural temptation to keep drawing on the same senior people within an organization to generate ideas: these are the ones who get things done, who understand a company’s strategy. Yet researches suggest that outsiders bring a fresh perspective. That might be people from related industries. It might also be middle managers or frontline employees who have direct contact with customers. A third balance to strike is between different personalities and different styles of thinking. A new paper from researchers at Stanford Graduate School of Business finds that brainstorming on Zoom comes at a cost to creativity: as people’s visual focus narrows on the screen in front of them, their cognitive range also seems to become more limited. But if in-person gatherings are better, they also do not work equally well for everyone. Some personalities are immediately comfortable saying what they think; others need to be persuaded to share their opinions. These are known problems, and there are plenty of ideas out there to solve them. “Figure-storming” is a way for people to combat group-think by pretending to be an influential person trying to address the problems. Some simpler rules are much more likely to help. Define the limits of a brainstorming session upfront. Try to make a specific thing work better rather than to shoot for the Moon. Involve people you don’t know, as well as those you do. Start by getting people to write their ideas down in silence, so extroverts and bosses have less chance to dominate. And be clear about the next steps after the session is over; the attraction of holding a “design sprint (冲刺)”, a weeklong, clear-the-diary way for a team to develop and test product prototypes, is that the thread connecting ideas to outcomes is tight. All of them would make brainstorming a little more thought-provoking and less heart-sinking. 5. By saying “The word ‘brainstorming’ depicts a vision of hell”, the author probably means ________. A. the brainwaves barbecue can be misleading B. it’s hard to figure out others’ perspectives C. brainstorming triggers hatred among people D. bosses exploit staff’s brainpower mercilessly 6. “________” qualifies as an out-of-the-box question. A. What are you talking about? We work at a salad chain. B. Is there any point in inviting outsiders to brainstorming? C. How would the British queen improve on cloud computing? D. Wouldn’t it be great if people had artificial tails when diving? 7. What can be inferred from the study by Stanford Graduate School of Business? A. Online conferences hold the participants’ attention better than in-person gatherings. B. People’s cognitive range seems to limit their visual focus to the screen at online meetings. C. Fruitful brainstorming involves taking different personalities and thinking modes into account. D. In-person gatherings liberate brainstorming participants’ creativity despite various personalities. 8. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Various solutions to the problems with brainstorming. B. How “figure-storming” contributes to brainstorming. C. Reasons why brainstorming sessions are painful. D. Thought-provoking versus heart-sinking. 【答案】5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了头脑风暴这一概念，讨论了造成头脑风暴痛苦的原因及其解决办法，通过分析其内环的平衡点如创造力和可行性、管理者和非管理者、不同个性和思维风格的冲突，提出了改善头脑风暴过程的一些技巧和方法。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“The word “brainstorming” depicts a vision of hell. It is someone saying, “Fire up the brainwaves barbecue.” It is trying desperately to work out where everyone else’s cursors (光标) have gone on a digital whiteboard. (“头脑风暴”一词描绘了地狱的景象。有人说，“启动脑电波烧烤。”它正拼命地想弄清楚其他人的光标在数字白板上的位置)”可知，作者说“The word ‘brainstorming’ depicts a vision of hell. (“头脑风暴”一词描绘了地狱的景象)”可知，因为在集体头脑风暴时，人们很难弄清楚其他人在数字白板上光标的位置，即很难理解他人的观点。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“One tension is between creativity and feasibility. A brainstorm is meant to be freeing, a chance to ask out-of-the-box questions. But it is also meant to produce suggestions that can actually be translated into reality, which calls for a more down-to-earth style of thinking.（矛盾之一在于创造力和可行性的平衡。头脑风暴本应自由开放，是提出打破常规问题的机会。但它也需要产出可以落地实施的建议，要求更务实的思考）”可推知，out-of-the-box问题指脱离固有思维框架的创新性问题。由此推知，C选项将完全不相关的英国女王与云计算结合，完全跳出了传统的思维框架，属于典型的打破常规问题。故选C项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“A third balance to strike is between different personalities and different styles of thinking. A new paper from researchers at Stanford Graduate School of Business finds that brainstorming on Zoom comes at a cost to creativity: as people’s visual focus narrows on the screen in front of them, their cognitive range also seems to become more limited. But if in-person gatherings are better, they also do not work equally well for everyone. (第三个平衡点是在不同的性格和不同的思维方式之间。斯坦福大学商学院研究人员的一篇新论文发现，在Zoom上进行头脑风暴是以牺牲创造力为代价的：随着人们的视觉焦点在他们面前的屏幕上变窄，他们的认知范围似乎也变得更加有限。但如果面对面的聚会更好，它们也不是对每个人都同样有效)”可知，斯坦福商学院的研究人员发现，大脑风暴在Zoom上的创造力受限，因为线上会议时人的视野和认知限制也被显示器影响。面对面的聚会虽然更好，但并不适合所有人。由此推知，富有成效的头脑风暴需要考虑不同的个性和思维模式。故选C项。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“These are known problems, and there are plenty of ideas out there to solve them. (这些都是已知的问题，有很多想法可以解决它们)”可知，本段主要讨论的是解决头脑风暴中已知问题的各种方法。故选A项。 C Frank Sinatra famously sang that if you can make it in New York, you can make it anywhere. And that’s just what some scientists focus on about a particular species of ant. This ant, also called the ManhattAnt, first turned up in New York in 2011. But it’s already developed and grown. What’s more, ManhattAnts have started to spread outward, expanding their territory at a rate of about a mile a year.“ We predict that they could expand as far north as Maine and as far south as Atlanta, Georgia,” says American scientist Clint . Penick. He and his team are now trying to study it and figure out whether it’s likely to threaten native insect species or damage plants. Eventually, they definitively identified it as a species that’s native to Europe. That effort involved consulting with a European ant expert who could hardly believe that this ant was living it up in New York.“ He was like,’ They’ re not really powerful in any European area,’” says Penick. Now, ManhattAnts live on the sidewalk, but ants normally like to live in places like soil. and leaf litter —— including this species, which in its native Europe can be found making its home in forests. y Generally, these ants avoid human food. Their main food is honeydew, a kind of sugary substance. The ants go up into street trees to look for honeydew, and it seems that they’ve found a job that’s not really being pursued by other ants in this city. They’ll care for the plant pests (害虫) that produce honeydew, increasing the numbers of pests and consequently making life harder for the plants. It’s entirely possible that, in the long term, ManhattAnts could have a disadvantageous effect on city trees. The fact that ManhattAnts haven’t been obvious trouble- makers so far isn’t necessarily reassuring. We should remember what Benioit Guénard, an insect biodiversity researcher, has noted,“ We know that invasions (入侵) that appeared minor for decades can suddenly become serious and then cause major problems.” 9. What does the author indicate about ManhattAnts by mentioning Frank Sinatra? A. The reasons for their existence. B. Their living environment. C. The process of their wide spread. D. Their survival and growth. 10. How did the European ant expert in the text look at ManhattAnts? A. Their value was high in science. B. Their invasion took him by surprise. C. They should be kept in the forests. D. They were a symbol of insect diversity. 11. Why do ManhattAnts protect the plant pests? A. To save more young plants. B. To ensure their food supply. C. To replace their human food. D. To make honeydew more tasty. 12. What’s the author’s attitude towards ManhattAnts? A. Favorable. B. Unclear. C. Uneasy. D. Dismissive. 【答案】9. D 10. B 11. B 12. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。曼哈顿蚁来源于欧洲，于2011年首次出现在纽约；现在它们已经开始向外蔓延，以每年约一英里的速度扩大其领土。这种蚂蚁改变了它们在欧洲的生活习惯，通常出没在人行道上，以树上的蜜露为食。科学家正在密切关注它们对植物的影响。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Frank Sinatra famously sang that if you can make it in New York, you can make it anywhere. And that’s just what some scientists focus on about a particular species of ant.(Frank Sinatra有句名言:如果你能在纽约成功，你就能在任何地方成功。这正是一些科学家关注的一种特定蚂蚁。)”以及第二段中的“This ant, also called the ManhattAnt, first turned up in New York in 2011. But it’s already developed and grown. What’s more, ManhattAnts have started to spread outward, expanding their territory at a rate of about a mile a year.(这种蚂蚁，也被称为曼哈顿，于2011年首次出现在纽约。但它已经发展壮大了。更重要的是，曼哈顿已经开始向外扩散，以每年约一英里的速度扩大其领土。)”可知，提到Frank Sinatra是为了说明曼哈顿蚁 在纽约的迅速适应和生长，表明它们的生存和发展。故选D项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“That effort involved consulting with a European ant expert who could hardly believe that this ant was living it up in New York.“ He was like,’ They’ re not really powerful in any European area,’” says Penick.(为此，我咨询了一位欧洲蚂蚁专家，这位专家简直不敢相信这只蚂蚁会在纽约过得很好。“他说，‘他们在任何欧洲地区都没有真正的影响力’”Penick说。)”可知，欧洲蚂蚁专家对在曼哈顿蚁在纽约的生长表示惊讶，因为这种蚂蚁在欧洲并不强势。故选B项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The ants go up into street trees to look for honeydew, and it seems that they’ve found a job that’s not really being pursued by other ants in this city. They’ll care for the plant pests(害虫) that produce honeydew, increasing the numbers of pests and consequently making life harder for the plants.(蚂蚁爬上行道树去找蜜露，似乎他们找到了一份城市里其他蚂蚁并不追求的工作。它们会照顾产生蜜露的植物害虫，增加害虫的数量，从而使植物的生存更加困难。)”可知，曼哈顿蚁保护害虫是为了确保它们的食物供应。故选B项。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“It’s entirely possible that, in the long term, ManhattAnts could have a disadvantageous effect on city trees. The fact that ManhattAnts haven’t been obvious trouble- makers so far isn’t necessarily reassuring. We should remember what Benioit Guénard, an insect biodiversity researcher, has noted,“ We know that invasions (入侵) that appeared minor for decades can suddenly become serious and then cause major problems.”(从长远来看，曼哈顿蚁完全有可能对城市树木产生不利影响。到目前为止，曼哈顿蚁还没有成为明显的麻烦制造者，这一事实并不一定让人放心。我们应该记住昆虫生物多样性研究者Benioit Guénard所说的:“我们知道，几十年来看似微不足道的入侵可能突然变得严重，然后引发重大问题。”)”可知，作者提到曼哈顿蚁可能对城市树木有不利影响，并引用研究者的观点强调这种蚂蚁可能会突然造成严重问题，表达了一种不安的态度。故选C项。 D Looking to take your four-legged friend on holiday? Here are the best pet-friendly hotels in the UK. Sentry Mead, Isle of Wight Sentry Mead is a beautifully decorated destination with charming bedrooms. Guests delight in features such as piles of books, homemade cakes and even a pillow menu. Dogs are welcomed with a bowl at the gate and are allowed everywhere except the dining room. There are extra blankets just for them, not to mention walks from the door to Alum Bay, and treats and towels on your return. No. Twenty 9, Norfolk This hotel offers a lively stylish atmosphere and charmingly odd features. Rooms are spacious and light, each named after a music or movie legend. Dogs get their own “fur baby welcome present”, containing a treat, bowls and a bathrobe. A spa shower in the garden washes off the sand on your friend after a long day on the beach before settling down in the bar together. Mayfair Townhouse, London Mayfair Townhouse is spread over a row of townhouses on Half Moon Street. Inside it offers an abundance of personality and a touch of oddity with nods to the famous writer Oscar Wilde. Puppies stay for free and receive a blanket, bowl and “screaming” ball for their stay. There are walks nearby in Green Park, and your pet can join you in the fancy bar for a “Pawsecco”. Halfway Bridge, West Sussex In the heart of the South Downs national park, Halfway Bridge is a welcoming village pub with rooms, famous for its delicious food. Dogs can stay in select rooms with garden access. In addition to a bed, bowl and sausage breakfast, treats for four-legged friends are available in the bar, and there’s always a water bowl to hand. 13. Which hotel might be favoured by a literature lover? A. Sentry Mead & Halfway Bridge. B. No. Twenty 9 & Mayfair Townhouse. C. Sentry Mead & Mayfair Townhouse. D. No. Twenty 9 & Halfway Bridge. 14. What is unique to Mayfair Townhouse for puppies? A. Getting a new toy. B. Enjoying a spa shower. C. Having a walk outdoors. D. Dining with their owners. 15. Who is this text intended for? A. Visitors to the UK. B. Four-legged friends. C. Pet owners. D. Travellers with puppies. 【答案】13. C 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几处允许带狗入住的旅游目的地。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Sentry Mead, Isle of Wight部分的“Guests delight in features such as piles of books, homemade cakes and even a pillow menu.(客人喜欢的特色，如成堆的书，自制蛋糕，甚至枕头菜单。)”和Mayfair Townhouse部分提到的“Inside it offers an abundance of personality and a touch of oddity with nods to the famous writer Oscar Wilde.( 在里面，它提供了丰富的个性和一丝古怪，向著名作家奥斯卡·王尔德致敬。)”可知，Sentry Mead和Mayfair Townhouse与文学相关，因此文学爱好者或许喜欢这两个地方。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据Mayfair Townhouse部分提到的“Puppies stay for free and receive a blanket, bowl and “screaming” ball for their stay. (小狗可以免费入住，并在入住期间获得毯子、碗和“尖叫”球。)”可知，Mayfair Townhouse为小狗提供新玩具(Screaming ball)。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Looking to take your four-legged friend on holiday? Here are the best pet-friendly hotels in the UK.(想带你的四条腿的朋友去度假吗？以下是英国最好的宠物友好型酒店。)”可知，文章是关于宠物友好型酒店的，目标读者应该是带着狗去旅行的人，故选D。 第二节七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Here are the don’ts and do’s of showing your support for your friends when they’re having a hard time. ____16____ There are two problematic kinds of helpers: enthusiasts and fretters. Enthusiasts tend to push their advice — to insist on fixing or overcoming the problem. Fretters are so worried about their friend’s challenges that they are constantly concerned about whether they are doing enough to help. Try to keep those behaviors in check. No one should have to manage you when they’re going through a tragedy. Don’t minimize the pain and stay away from statistics. For example, if a friend failed the college exam, don’t tell him that 70% of students end in failure. Remember that it doesn’t mean less pain just because it happens to a lot of people. ____17____ Keep the focus on your friends. When your friends are talking to you, it’s easy for you to share a similar story in effort to relate and connect. ____18____ They might feel that you’ve made their pain about you. If you do feel that your experience might be helpful to them, let them know that you went through something similar but allow them to decide if they want to hear about it at the moment. Showing up isn’t a one-time thing Remember that grief (悲伤) is so complex and your friends might go through several stages of sorrow. ____19____ It means a lot if your friends know that you are thinking about them all the time. Ask your friends how you can best help. ____20____ Just ask. A. Don’t let them stay alone. B. But it’s not always welcome. C. Try not to be over-enthusiastic or over-worried. D. Keep in touch with them and see if they need your support. E. Share it with them immediately to show them they are not alone. F. You don’t need to automatically know what kind of help they want. G. Instead, feel with your friend the bigness of what they’re going through. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. B 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述当你的朋友遇到困难时，向他们表示支持的注意事项。 【16题详解】 设空处位于本段句首，概括本段，由下文“There are two problematic kinds of helpers: enthusiasts and fretters. Enthusiasts tend to push their advice--to insist on fixing or overcoming the problem. Fretters are so worried about their friend’s challenges that they are constantly concerned about whether they are doing enough to help. Try to keep those behaviors in check. No one should have to manage you when they’re going through a tragedy.( 有两种有问题的帮助者：热心者和烦躁者。狂热者倾向于推销他们的建议——坚持解决或克服问题。烦躁的人非常担心他们朋友的挑战，他们经常担心自己是否做得足够帮助他们。试着控制这些行为。没有人应该在他们经历悲剧的时候管理你。)”可知，要尽量控制成为狂热者和烦躁者。C项：Try not to be over-enthusiastic or over-worried. (试着不要过于热情或过于担心。)符合语境，对下文有总括作用，其中over-enthusiastic or over-worried与下文enthusiasts and fretters对应。故选C项。 【17题详解】 由上文“Don’t minimize the pain and stay away from statistics. For example, if a friend failed the college exam, don’t tell him that 70% of students end in failure. Remember that it doesn’t mean less pain just because it happens to a lot of people. (不要把痛苦降到最低，远离统计数据。例如，如果一个朋友大学考试不及格，不要告诉他70%的学生以失败告终。记住，这并不意味着疼痛减轻，因为它发生在很多人身上。)”可知，这里主要讲不要用数据来把朋友的痛苦降到最低并表明应该如何做。G项：Instead, feel with your friend the bigness of what they’re going through. (相反，和你的朋友一起感受他们正在经历的巨大事件)符合语境，有承上作用。故选G项。 【18题详解】 根据上句“When your friends are talking to you, it’s easy for you to share a similar story in effort to relate and connect. (当你的朋友和你说话时，你很容易分享一个相似的故事，努力建立联系。)”可知，设空处承接上句，说明朋友对这样的做法的态度，B项：But it’s not always welcome.(但它并不总是受欢迎的。)符合语境。故选B项。 【19题详解】 由下文“It means a lot if your friends know that you are thinking about them all the time.(如果你的朋友知道你一直在想他们，那意义重大。)”可知，设空处应为我们应一直关注朋友，D项：Keep in touch with them and see if they need your support. (与他们保持联系，看看他们是否需要你的支持。)符合语境，其中Keep in touch with them与下文 thinking about them all the time对应，有启下作用。故选D项。 【20题详解】 由上文“Ask your friends how you can best help. (问问你的朋友你能帮上什么忙)”可知，这里指要主动问朋友可以帮什么忙，设空处承接上句说明应该主动的去询问，F项：You don’t need to automatically know what kind of help they want. (你不需要自动知道他们需要什么样的帮助)符合语境，有承上启下作用，其中help与上文对应。故选F项。 第三节完形填空(共15小题.每小题1分，满分15分) My name is Lindsey, and I was an event planner. As far as I can remember, I ____21____ various events: my friends’ birthday parties, the family Christmas gatherings, and even the ____22____ ceremonies, with a neat table setting and a pre-ordered luxurious meal. I particularly loved the ____23____ events. I treasured the lovers’ smiles and enjoyed the feast, so ____24____, I ended up being a wedding planner. Usually, there’s only one thing that can get in the way of a(n) ____25____ wedding, and that’s Mother Nature. I remember a recent wedding at Lake Tahoe. The ____26____ was to be held outdoors. I always have a spare plan: “____27____ rain”. For this wedding with 140 guests, the plan was a tent to ____28____ the dining area. That was expensive, and the wedding couple decided to do without it as they were on a tight ____29____. The Weather Channel _____30_____ that there would be a 20% chance of rain at noon. The wedding itself was lovely. But afterwards, as the guests were _____31_____ the meal, I heard loud thunder and saw dark clouds _____32_____. Then with huge raindrops, everything was in _____33_____. Tablecloths and menus got _____34_____; flowers were everywhere; the guests crowded under big umbrellas in a disorderly manner. Fortunately, we chose the vacation hotel, so there was a large room where we could continue eating. The sun came out later! All ended well. The couple and I learned an important lesson: _____35_____ for a rainy day. 21. A. advertised B. arranged C. encountered D. evaluated 22. A. opening B. award C. marriage D. graduation 23. A. first B. second C. next D. last 24. A. comfortably B. naturally C. abnormally D. blindly 25. A. perfect B. simple C. informal D. illegal 26. A. fair B. training C. reception D. conference 27. A. regardless of B. instead of C. on account of D. in case of 28. A. cover B. hide C. decorate D. separate 29. A. diet B. budget C. schedule D. deadline 30. A. forecast B. misunderstood C. complained D. anticipated 31. A. ordering B. inquiring C. enjoying D. cooking 32. A. discoloring B. clearing C. disappearing D. gathering 33. A. charge B. chaos C. silence D. advance 34. A. neat B. elegant C. wet D. burnt 35. A. Wait B. Long C. Apologize D. Prepare 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为活动策划者的职业经历，特别是作为婚礼策划者时遇到的一次意外情况，以及从中学习到的重要教训。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我安排了各种活动：朋友们的生日聚会、家庭圣诞聚会，甚至是婚礼仪式，布置整洁的餐桌和预先订购的豪华餐。A. advertised广告；B. arranged安排；C. encountered遇到；D. evaluated评估。根据下文“my friends’ birthday parties, the family Christmas gatherings”可知下文说的是朋友们的生日聚会以及家庭圣诞聚会，可推理出作者在描述自己安排各种活动的经历。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. opening开幕；B. award奖励；C. marriage婚姻；D. graduation毕业。根据下文“I ended up being a wedding planner”可知下文提到了婚礼，可推理出这里指的是婚礼仪式。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查序数词词义辨析。句意：我特别喜欢最后这活动——婚礼。A. first第一；B. second第二；C. next下一个；D. last最后。根据上文“my friends’ birthday parties, the family Christmas gatherings, and even the…ceremonies”以及下文“I treasured the lovers’ smiles and enjoyed the feast,”可知上文提到了作者安排的各种活动，婚礼活动是作者最后提到的，再根据下文作者特别珍视婚礼上的笑容和宴会，可推理出空白处应填表示“最后的”含义的表达。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我自然而然地成为了一名婚礼策划师。A. comfortably舒适地；B. naturally自然地；C. abnormally异常地；D. blindly盲目地。根据上文“I treasured the lovers' smiles and enjoyed the feast,”以及下文“I ended up being a wedding planner”可知，上文说的是作者珍视婚礼上的笑容和宴会，下文说的是作者成为了婚礼策划师，这是上文的自然而然的结果。故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通常，只有一个东西可以阻碍一场完美的婚礼，那就是大自然。A. perfect完美的；B. simple简单的；C. informal非正式的；D. illegal非法的。根据上文“there’s only one thing that can get in the way”和下文“and that’s Mother Nature”及后文“ rain”可知，大自然（天气）可能会阻碍一场完美的婚礼。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得最近在太浩湖举行的一场婚礼接待。A. fair集市；B. training训练；C. reception接待；D. conference会议。根据下文“was to be held outdoors”可知下文提到了在户外举行，可推理出此处说的是接待。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：我总是有一个备用计划：“以防下雨”。A. regardless of不管；B. instead of代替；C. on account of因为；D. in case of万一。根据上文“I always have a spare plan”以及下文“rain”可知上文提到了备用计划，再根据下文提到的下雨，可推理出此处是以防下雨。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于这场有140位宾客的婚礼，我们的计划是搭建一个帐篷来覆盖用餐区。A. cover覆盖；B. hide隐藏；C. decorate装饰；D. separate分离。根据上文“a tent”可知上文说的是帐篷，可推理出搭建帐篷是为了覆盖用餐区。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这很贵，新婚夫妇决定省掉它，因为他们预算紧张。A. diet饮食；B. budget预算；C. schedule日程表；D. deadline截止日期。根据上文“That was expensive, and the wedding couple decided to do without it”可知上文提到了搭帐篷很贵，新婚夫妇决定省掉帐篷，可推理出预算紧张。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：天气频道预测中午有20%的降雨几率。A. forecast预测；B. misunderstood误解；C. complained抱怨；D. anticipated预期。根据下文“that there would be a 20% chance of rain at noon.”可知下文提到了有20%的降雨几率，可推理出这是天气频道的预测。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：婚礼本身很美好。但之后，当客人们正在享受美食时，我听到了雷声，看到了乌云聚集。A. ordering点菜；B. inquiring询问；C. enjoying享受；D. cooking烹饪。根据下文“the meal, I heard loud thunder and saw dark clouds”可知下文提到了美食，还提到了作者听到了雷声，可推理出此处说的是客人们正在享受美食，突然天气变坏。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. discoloring变色；B. clearing清除；C. disappearing消失；D. gathering聚集。根据下文“Then with huge raindrops”可知下文说的是大的雨点，可推理出此处说的是乌云正在聚集。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后随着巨大的雨滴，一切都陷入了混乱。A. charge收费；B. chaos混乱；C. silence沉默；D. advance前进。根据下文“flowers were everywhere; the guests crowded under big umbrellas in a disorderly manner.”可知下文提到到处都是花，客人们乱哄哄地挤在大伞下，可推理出雨导致现场一片混乱。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：桌布和菜单都湿透了。A. neat整洁的；B. elegant优雅的；C. wet湿的；D. burnt烧焦的。根据上文“huge raindrops”可知上文提到了下雨，可推理出雨导致桌布和菜单都湿透了。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们学到一个重要教训：未雨绸缪。A. Wait等待；B. Long渴望；C. Apologize道歉；D. Prepare准备。通读全文并根据上文“The couple and I learned an important lesson”可知，这次婚礼举办过程中下雨的事给他们带来的教训是：做事要未雨绸缪（提前做好准备）。故选D项。 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共55分) 第一部分语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分；共15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists studying the effects of the gardening found that participating in the activity twice a week can improve mental health. A team from the University of Florida studied 32 women ___36___ the ages of 26 and 49 who did not have any ongoing medical ___37___ (condition). None of the women had gardened before. The researchers divided the women into two groups. One group participated in gardening, ___38___ the other group took art classes. Both groups took part in their assigned sessions twice a week for four weeks. During the gardening sessions, ___39___ women performed tasks such as planting seeds, moving plants to new pots, and tasting edible (可吃的) plants. After each session, participants answered questions ___40___ (measure) their anxiety, depression, and mood levels. They also had their blood pressure and heart rate ___41___ (monitor). While both groups experienced improved mental health, the group who gardened benefited ___42___ (slight) more, reporting less stress, anxiety, and depression. The research team hopes to learn more about how gardening and mental health ___43___ (connect). In the meantime, many women who participated in the study ___44___ (continue) to benefit. “At the end of the experiment, many of the participants were saying not just how much they enjoyed the sessions but also how they planned ____45____ (keep) gardening,” said Charles Guy, one of the study’s lead scientists. 【答案】36. between 37. conditions 38. while 39. the 40. measuring 41. monitored 42. slightly 43. are connected 44. will continue 45. to keep 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项针对园艺效果的科学研究发现，每周参加两次园艺活动可以改善女性的心理健康。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：佛罗里达大学的一个研究小组对32名年龄在26岁到49岁之间的女性进行了研究，这些女性没有任何持续的疾病。固定结构between A and B表示“在……与……之间”。故填between。 【37题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：佛罗里达大学的一个研究小组对32名年龄在26岁到49岁之间的女性进行了研究，这些女性没有任何持续的疾病。空处作have的宾语，空前有any，可数名词condition“疾病”应用复数形式。故填conditions。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：一组参加园艺，而另一组参加艺术课。空处前后均为完整的句子，前一句表示“一组参加园艺”，后一句表示“另一组参加艺术课”，前后两组不同的活动形成对比，空处应用并列连词while连接前后内容，意为“而”，表示对比两件事物。故填while。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在园艺课程中，这些女性完成了播种、把植物移到新的花盆里、品尝可食用植物等任务。空处表示特指，指上文提到的女性人群，应用定冠词the。故填the。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：每个课程结束后，参与者回答了测量她们焦虑、抑郁和情绪水平的问题。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作修饰questions的后置定语，measure“测量和”questions逻辑上是主动关系，因此应用measure的现在分词形式。故填measuring。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她们还监测了血压和心率。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作宾语补足语，monitor“监测”和their blood pressure and heart rate逻辑上是被动关系，且该行为由他人完成，因此应用monitor的过去分词形式。故填monitored。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：虽然两组人的心理健康状况都有所改善，但从事园艺的那一组受益稍多，压力、焦虑和抑郁都有所减少。空处修饰副词more，应用slight的副词形式slightly，意为“略微地”。故填slightly。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：研究小组希望更多地了解园艺和心理健康之间的联系。空处作how引导的宾语从句的谓语，此处在描述通常性的情况，时态应用一般现在时，connect“与……有关系”和主语gardening and mental health之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词应用are。故填are connected。 【44题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：与此同时，许多参与这项研究的女性将继续受益。空处作句子的谓语，根据下一句内容可知，此处描述将来的情况，时态应用一般将来时，空处应用will do的形式。故填will continue。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该研究的首席科学家之一Charles Guy说：“在实验结束时，许多参与者不仅说她们有多喜欢这些活动，还说她们计划如何继续园艺。”短语plan to do意为“计划做某事”，空处应用keep“继续”的不定式形式。故填to keep。 第二部分书面表达(满分40分) 46. 假定你热衷集邮，但你的父母并不支持这一爱好，于是你向一个名为“学生心声”的专栏写信咨询解决办法。内容包括： 1. 你的意见：增长知识，减压； 2. 父母的意见：浪费钱，占用学习时间。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir/Madam, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A Worried Reader 【答案】 Dear Sir/Madam, I’m writing to seek your advice. I have a strong passion for stamp collecting. In my opinion, it not only enriches my knowledge in various fields but also serves as an excellent way to relieve stress after a long day of studying. However, my parents hold a different view. They think it’s a waste of money and occupies my precious study time. I understand their concerns, but I truly love this hobby and don’t want to give it up. I sincerely hope you can offer some effective solutions to help me convince my parents to support my stamp collecting hobby. Thank you! A Worried Reader 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生向一个名为“学生心声”的专栏写信，就你热衷集邮却得不到父母支持这件事咨询解决办法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 建议：advice→suggestion 不同的：various→different 然而：however→ nevertheless 喜爱：love→be fond of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m writing to seek your advice. 拓展句：I’m writing to seek your advice on a problem I’m facing. 【点睛】【高分句型1】In my opinion, it not only enriches my knowledge in various fields but also serves as an excellent way to relieve stress after a long day of studying. （运用了not only...but also引导的并列句） 【高分句型2】They think it’s a waste of money and occupies my precious study time.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 67． 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Little Lucy lived in a very poor part of a big city. One day, her class teacher talked about gifts and how it was much more important to give them than to receive them. She said that she hoped all the boys and girls in the class would remember to give something, however small, to their loved ones to show how much they loved them. Afterward Lucy thought a good deal about what the teacher had said and wondered how she could afford to give anything to anybody. Her daddy gave her $1 a week for pocket money, and that didn’t go very far these days. Somehow, she thought, she would try to buy something for mother, and father, and brother, and sister, but, oh, dear, there was Grandma, too! What could she do about Grandma? The next time she went to class she asked the teacher if it would be acceptable to give Grandma just a card. The teacher said Grandma would be happy to receive the smallest thing if it was given in love. So Lucy began searching for a card for Grandma that wouldn’t cost too much. One day she saw it. The very one! It had a picture of a cat on it, and Lucy remembered that Grandma had just lost old tabby cat(斑猫)that she had loved so much. So she bought the card, paying one whole week’s pocket money for it. On the day Lucy gave Grandma the card, she was overjoyed to see how pleased Grandma was. She said the picture of the cat was just like her own precious tabby. This gave Lucy an idea. “Someday,” she said to herself, “I’ll buy my granny a real cat. Just think how happy she’ll be then!” She found a pet shop and asked how much a real cat would cost. “Twenty dollars,” said the man. Lucy’s face fell. Twenty dollars! How in the world would she ever get $20? That would take all her pocket money for 20 weeks — five whole months! 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As she stood on the street, Lucy felt something brushing her leg. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Two months later, Lucy went to the lady’s house to get a baby cat. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】As she stood on the street, Lucy felt something brushing her leg. Looking down, she saw a beautiful tabby cat. For a moment she was tempted to pick it up and run home with it. However, she quickly dismissed the thought. Just then, a lady called out, “My cat seems to like you.” Lucy responded with a smile, expressing her desire to give one to Grandma and her concern over the cost of $20 at the pet shop. The lady nodded sympathetically, mentioning that her cat would soon have kittens. She would love Lucy to come and choose one for her grandma once they are old enough. Overjoyed, Lucy thanked the lady warmly. Two months later, Lucy went to the lady’s house to get a baby cat. There, she found four adorable kittens and chose the one that looked the most like the cat Grandma had lost. As she made her way back home, eager to deliver the precious gift to her grandma, the anticipation consumed her. When Lucy finally presented the cat, Grandma was surprised and pleased. After learning the heartwarming story behind the thoughtful gesture, Grandma was also deeply touched. As Lucy saw the kitten in Grandma’s arms, she knew her gift had brought immeasurable joy to her beloved grandma. 【解析】 【导语】本文以小露西为线索展开，讲述了露西在老师的启发下决定给家人买礼物，但因资金有限只能给奶奶买了一张卡片，卡片上的图案让露西萌生了给奶奶买一只真猫的想法，然而真猫的价格对她来说太贵了。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当她站在街上时，露西感觉到有什么东西蹭着她的腿。”可知，第一段可描写露西遇到了一只猫，猫的主人提出等猫生下小猫后让露西来选一只。 ②由第二段首句内容“两个月后，露西去那位女士家拿小猫。”可知，第二段可描写露西选了一只最像奶奶丢失的猫的小猫，并将小猫送给奶奶，奶奶很高兴。 2.续写线索：露西遇到猫——猫主人提出让露西选小猫——露西期待选小猫——露西选小猫——露西送小猫给奶奶——奶奶很高兴 3.词汇激活： 行为类： ①挑选：pick/choose ②呈现：present/show ③感动：touch/move 情绪类： ①可爱的：adorable/cute/lovely ②热切的：eager/keen ③惊讶的：surprised/astonished 【点睛】[高分句型1] Looking down, she saw a beautiful tabby cat.(运用了现在分词作时间状语) [高分句型2] When Lucy finally presented the cat, Grandma was surprised and pleased.(运用了从属连词when引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型3] As Lucy saw the kitten in Grandma’s arms, she knew her gift had brought immeasurable joy to her beloved grandma.(运用了从属连词as引导的时间状语从句和省略连词that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新蔡县第一高级中学高三2024年11月份月考英语试题 注意事项： 1.答题前请填好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息； 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上。 一、听力(共两节，满分30分)略 二、阅读理解(共两节，共20小题.每小题2.5分，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分) A If a stranger offered you a free cookie, you might well eat it. But what if they offered to also give you $2? You might politely decline and walk away thinking. “Something smells fishy.” In a study published in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, researchers found that people tend to turn down offers of “free money,” as well as unusually cheap services, because they seem “too good to be true.” In the initial experiment, nearly 40 percent of participants ate a cookie offered freely — compared with about 20 percent of those offered $2 as well. “People typically imagine things like someone did something disgusting to the cookie,” says study lead author Andrew J. Vonasch, a psychological scientist at the University of Canterbury in NewZealand. Nine further experiments used online questionnaires to present other cases. These included being offered money to accept a ride home and surprisingly cheap flights. In each case, past a certain threshold (门槛), higher potential money gain reduced participants’ likelihood of accepting the offer. Vonasch says the study illustrates that contrary to the “standard economic model,” which supposes humans always seek to maximize gains, transactions (交易) need to also be understood as social interactions between people trying to understand each other’s minds. If someone seems to violate accepted norms, such as self-interest, without any explanation, we assume they have hidden motives and infer there will be “phantom (幻影) costs”, imagined consequences that reduce what Vonasch calls an offer’s “psychological value”. Factors beyond the present moment may come into play. “Understanding that others’ perceived overgenerosity may put us in their debt could also help explain people’s reluctance,” says Vonasch. The researchers also showed how to make the effect less severe: simply provide a reason for the deal. The “cheap flights” experiment included a condition where the seats were revealed to be very uncomfortable. “Uncomfortable seats aren’t typically a selling point,” Vonasch says. “But telling people the seats were uncomfortable made them more willing to take them because it was sufficient explanation.” 1. Why might people reject an offer of $2 along with a free cookie? A. They dislike a money-related offer. B. They distrust the true value of the offer. C. They think the offer is not good enough. D. They suspect the offer only lasts a short time. 2. What aspect of the nine further experiments is introduced in Paragraph 4? A. The moral concerns. B. The research method. C. The experiments’ duration. D. The participants’ background. 3. Why does the author mention the “cheap flights” experiment in the last paragraph? A. To stress the unpredictability of human choices. B. To illustrate how hidden motives affect people’s choices. C. To emphasize the importance of providing clear examples. D. To show giving sensible reasons can increase acceptance of offers. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Are you worried about “phantom costs”? B. Are you fearful of violating social norms? C. Why do you accept other’s generosity? D. What is an offer’s “psychological value”? B The word “brainstorming” depicts a vision of hell. It is someone saying, “Fire up the brainwaves barbecue.” It is trying desperately to work out where everyone else’s cursors (光标) have gone on a digital whiteboard. Yet brainstorming persists, and for decent reasons. Getting a group of people together is an opportunity to exploit different viewpoints. So why is brainstorming often so painful? The problem is that brainstorming must strike a balance between a series of competing necessities. One tension is between creativity and feasibility. A brainstorm is meant to be freeing, a chance to ask out-of-the-box questions. But it is also meant to produce suggestions that can actually be translated into reality, which calls for a more down-to-earth style of thinking. A second tension is between managers and nonmanagers. By its nature brainstorming is insiderish. Someone has to arrange the session, and that person is often the manager of a team. If decision-makers are not in the room, then the suspicion will grow that time is being wasted. If they are, then hierarchies (等级制度) easily become the spotlight: good ideas can shrink with a frown from the boss, and bad ones can survive with a nod. A related issue concerns the presence of outsiders. There is a natural temptation to keep drawing on the same senior people within an organization to generate ideas: these are the ones who get things done, who understand a company’s strategy. Yet researches suggest that outsiders bring a fresh perspective. That might be people from related industries. It might also be middle managers or frontline employees who have direct contact with customers. A third balance to strike is between different personalities and different styles of thinking. A new paper from researchers at Stanford Graduate School of Business finds that brainstorming on Zoom comes at a cost to creativity: as people’s visual focus narrows on the screen in front of them, their cognitive range also seems to become more limited. But if in-person gatherings are better, they also do not work equally well for everyone. Some personalities are immediately comfortable saying what they think; others need to be persuaded to share their opinions. These are known problems, and there are plenty of ideas out there to solve them. “Figure-storming” is a way for people to combat group-think by pretending to be an influential person trying to address the problems. Some simpler rules are much more likely to help. Define the limits of a brainstorming session upfront. Try to make a specific thing work better rather than to shoot for the Moon. Involve people you don’t know, as well as those you do. Start by getting people to write their ideas down in silence, so extroverts and bosses have less chance to dominate. And be clear about the next steps after the session is over; the attraction of holding a “design sprint (冲刺)”, a weeklong, clear-the-diary way for a team to develop and test product prototypes, is that the thread connecting ideas to outcomes is tight. All of them would make brainstorming a little more thought-provoking and less heart-sinking. 5. By saying “The word ‘brainstorming’ depicts a vision of hell”, the author probably means ________. A. the brainwaves barbecue can be misleading B. it’s hard to figure out others’ perspectives C. brainstorming triggers hatred among people D. bosses exploit staff’s brainpower mercilessly 6. “________” qualifies as an out-of-the-box question. A. What are you talking about? We work at a salad chain. B. Is there any point in inviting outsiders to brainstorming? C. How would the British queen improve on cloud computing? D. Wouldn’t it be great if people had artificial tails when diving? 7. What can be inferred from the study by Stanford Graduate School of Business? A. Online conferences hold the participants’ attention better than in-person gatherings. B. People’s cognitive range seems to limit their visual focus to the screen at online meetings. C. Fruitful brainstorming involves taking different personalities and thinking modes into account. D. In-person gatherings liberate brainstorming participants’ creativity despite various personalities. 8. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Various solutions to the problems with brainstorming. B. How “figure-storming” contributes to brainstorming. C. Reasons why brainstorming sessions are painful. D. Thought-provoking versus heart-sinking. C Frank Sinatra famously sang that if you can make it in New York, you can make it anywhere. And that’s just what some scientists focus on about a particular species of ant. This ant, also called the ManhattAnt, first turned up in New York in 2011. But it’s already developed and grown. What’s more, ManhattAnts have started to spread outward, expanding their territory at a rate of about a mile a year.“ We predict that they could expand as far north as Maine and as far south as Atlanta, Georgia,” says American scientist Clint . Penick. He and his team are now trying to study it and figure out whether it’s likely to threaten native insect species or damage plants. Eventually, they definitively identified it as a species that’s native to Europe. That effort involved consulting with a European ant expert who could hardly believe that this ant was living it up in New York.“ He was like,’ They’ re not really powerful in any European area,’” says Penick. Now, ManhattAnts live on the sidewalk, but ants normally like to live in places like soil. and leaf litter —— including this species, which in its native Europe can be found making its home in forests. y Generally, these ants avoid human food. Their main food is honeydew, a kind of sugary substance. The ants go up into street trees to look for honeydew, and it seems that they’ve found a job that’s not really being pursued by other ants in this city. They’ll care for the plant pests (害虫) that produce honeydew, increasing the numbers of pests and consequently making life harder for the plants. It’s entirely possible that, in the long term, ManhattAnts could have a disadvantageous effect on city trees. The fact that ManhattAnts haven’t been obvious trouble- makers so far isn’t necessarily reassuring. We should remember what Benioit Guénard, an insect biodiversity researcher, has noted,“ We know that invasions (入侵) that appeared minor for decades can suddenly become serious and then cause major problems.” 9. What does the author indicate about ManhattAnts by mentioning Frank Sinatra? A. The reasons for their existence. B. Their living environment. C. The process of their wide spread. D. Their survival and growth. 10. How did the European ant expert in the text look at ManhattAnts? A. Their value was high in science. B. Their invasion took him by surprise. C. They should be kept in the forests. D. They were a symbol of insect diversity. 11. Why do ManhattAnts protect the plant pests? A. To save more young plants. B. To ensure their food supply. C. To replace their human food. D. To make honeydew more tasty. 12. What’s the author’s attitude towards ManhattAnts? A. Favorable. B. Unclear. C. Uneasy. D. Dismissive. D Looking to take your four-legged friend on holiday? Here are the best pet-friendly hotels in the UK. Sentry Mead, Isle of Wight Sentry Mead is a beautifully decorated destination with charming bedrooms. Guests delight in features such as piles of books, homemade cakes and even a pillow menu. Dogs are welcomed with a bowl at the gate and are allowed everywhere except the dining room. There are extra blankets just for them, not to mention walks from the door to Alum Bay, and treats and towels on your return. No. Twenty 9, Norfolk This hotel offers a lively stylish atmosphere and charmingly odd features. Rooms are spacious and light, each named after a music or movie legend. Dogs get their own “fur baby welcome present”, containing a treat, bowls and a bathrobe. A spa shower in the garden washes off the sand on your friend after a long day on the beach before settling down in the bar together. Mayfair Townhouse, London Mayfair Townhouse is spread over a row of townhouses on Half Moon Street. Inside it offers an abundance of personality and a touch of oddity with nods to the famous writer Oscar Wilde. Puppies stay for free and receive a blanket, bowl and “screaming” ball for their stay. There are walks nearby in Green Park, and your pet can join you in the fancy bar for a “Pawsecco”. Halfway Bridge, West Sussex In the heart of the South Downs national park, Halfway Bridge is a welcoming village pub with rooms, famous for its delicious food. Dogs can stay in select rooms with garden access. In addition to a bed, bowl and sausage breakfast, treats for four-legged friends are available in the bar, and there’s always a water bowl to hand. 13. Which hotel might be favoured by a literature lover? A. Sentry Mead & Halfway Bridge. B. No. Twenty 9 & Mayfair Townhouse. C. Sentry Mead & Mayfair Townhouse. D. No. Twenty 9 & Halfway Bridge. 14. What is unique to Mayfair Townhouse for puppies? A. Getting a new toy. B. Enjoying a spa shower. C. Having a walk outdoors. D. Dining with their owners. 15. Who is this text intended for? A. Visitors to the UK. B. Four-legged friends. C. Pet owners. D. Travellers with puppies. 第二节七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分) Here are the don’ts and do’s of showing your support for your friends when they’re having a hard time. ____16____ There are two problematic kinds of helpers: enthusiasts and fretters. Enthusiasts tend to push their advice — to insist on fixing or overcoming the problem. Fretters are so worried about their friend’s challenges that they are constantly concerned about whether they are doing enough to help. Try to keep those behaviors in check. No one should have to manage you when they’re going through a tragedy. Don’t minimize the pain and stay away from statistics. For example, if a friend failed the college exam, don’t tell him that 70% of students end in failure. Remember that it doesn’t mean less pain just because it happens to a lot of people. ____17____ Keep the focus on your friends. When your friends are talking to you, it’s easy for you to share a similar story in effort to relate and connect. ____18____ They might feel that you’ve made their pain about you. If you do feel that your experience might be helpful to them, let them know that you went through something similar but allow them to decide if they want to hear about it at the moment. Showing up isn’t a one-time thing Remember that grief (悲伤) is so complex and your friends might go through several stages of sorrow. ____19____ It means a lot if your friends know that you are thinking about them all the time. Ask your friends how you can best help. ____20____ Just ask. A. Don’t let them stay alone. B. But it’s not always welcome. C. Try not to be over-enthusiastic or over-worried. D. Keep in touch with them and see if they need your support. E. Share it with them immediately to show them they are not alone. F. You don’t need to automatically know what kind of help they want. G. Instead, feel with your friend the bigness of what they’re going through. 第三节完形填空(共15小题.每小题1分，满分15分) My name is Lindsey, and I was an event planner. As far as I can remember, I ____21____ various events: my friends’ birthday parties, the family Christmas gatherings, and even the ____22____ ceremonies, with a neat table setting and a pre-ordered luxurious meal. I particularly loved the ____23____ events. I treasured the lovers’ smiles and enjoyed the feast, so ____24____, I ended up being a wedding planner. Usually, there’s only one thing that can get in the way of a(n) ____25____ wedding, and that’s Mother Nature. I remember a recent wedding at Lake Tahoe. The ____26____ was to be held outdoors. I always have a spare plan: “____27____ rain”. For this wedding with 140 guests, the plan was a tent to ____28____ the dining area. That was expensive, and the wedding couple decided to do without it as they were on a tight ____29____. The Weather Channel _____30_____ that there would be a 20% chance of rain at noon. The wedding itself was lovely. But afterwards, as the guests were _____31_____ the meal, I heard loud thunder and saw dark clouds _____32_____. Then with huge raindrops, everything was in _____33_____. Tablecloths and menus got _____34_____; flowers were everywhere; the guests crowded under big umbrellas in a disorderly manner. Fortunately, we chose the vacation hotel, so there was a large room where we could continue eating. The sun came out later! All ended well. The couple and I learned an important lesson: _____35_____ for a rainy day. 21. A. advertised B. arranged C. encountered D. evaluated 22. A. opening B. award C. marriage D. graduation 23. A. first B. second C. next D. last 24. A. comfortably B. naturally C. abnormally D. blindly 25. A. perfect B. simple C. informal D. illegal 26. A. fair B. training C. reception D. conference 27. A. regardless of B. instead of C. on account of D. in case of 28. A. cover B. hide C. decorate D. separate 29. A. diet B. budget C. schedule D. deadline 30. A. forecast B. misunderstood C. complained D. anticipated 31. A. ordering B. inquiring C. enjoying D. cooking 32. A. discoloring B. clearing C. disappearing D. gathering 33. A. charge B. chaos C. silence D. advance 34. A. neat B. elegant C. wet D. burnt 35. A. Wait B. Long C. Apologize D. Prepare 第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共55分) 第一部分语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分；共15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists studying the effects of the gardening found that participating in the activity twice a week can improve mental health. A team from the University of Florida studied 32 women ___36___ the ages of 26 and 49 who did not have any ongoing medical ___37___ (condition). None of the women had gardened before. The researchers divided the women into two groups. One group participated in gardening, ___38___ the other group took art classes. Both groups took part in their assigned sessions twice a week for four weeks. During the gardening sessions, ___39___ women performed tasks such as planting seeds, moving plants to new pots, and tasting edible (可吃的) plants. After each session, participants answered questions ___40___ (measure) their anxiety, depression, and mood levels. They also had their blood pressure and heart rate ___41___ (monitor). While both groups experienced improved mental health, the group who gardened benefited ___42___ (slight) more, reporting less stress, anxiety, and depression. The research team hopes to learn more about how gardening and mental health ___43___ (connect). In the meantime, many women who participated in the study ___44___ (continue) to benefit. “At the end of the experiment, many of the participants were saying not just how much they enjoyed the sessions but also how they planned ____45____ (keep) gardening,” said Charles Guy, one of the study’s lead scientists. 第二部分书面表达(满分40分) 46. 假定你热衷集邮，但你的父母并不支持这一爱好，于是你向一个名为“学生心声”的专栏写信咨询解决办法。内容包括： 1. 你的意见：增长知识，减压； 2. 父母的意见：浪费钱，占用学习时间。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Sir/Madam, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A Worried Reader 67． 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Little Lucy lived in a very poor part of a big city. One day, her class teacher talked about gifts and how it was much more important to give them than to receive them. She said that she hoped all the boys and girls in the class would remember to give something, however small, to their loved ones to show how much they loved them. Afterward Lucy thought a good deal about what the teacher had said and wondered how she could afford to give anything to anybody. Her daddy gave her $1 a week for pocket money, and that didn’t go very far these days. Somehow, she thought, she would try to buy something for mother, and father, and brother, and sister, but, oh, dear, there was Grandma, too! What could she do about Grandma? The next time she went to class she asked the teacher if it would be acceptable to give Grandma just a card. The teacher said Grandma would be happy to receive the smallest thing if it was given in love. So Lucy began searching for a card for Grandma that wouldn’t cost too much. One day she saw it. The very one! It had a picture of a cat on it, and Lucy remembered that Grandma had just lost old tabby cat(斑猫)that she had loved so much. So she bought the card, paying one whole week’s pocket money for it. On the day Lucy gave Grandma the card, she was overjoyed to see how pleased Grandma was. She said the picture of the cat was just like her own precious tabby. This gave Lucy an idea. “Someday,” she said to herself, “I’ll buy my granny a real cat. Just think how happy she’ll be then!” She found a pet shop and asked how much a real cat would cost. “Twenty dollars,” said the man. Lucy’s face fell. Twenty dollars! How in the world would she ever get $20? That would take all her pocket money for 20 weeks — five whole months! 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 As she stood on the street, Lucy felt something brushing her leg. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Two months later, Lucy went to the lady’s house to get a baby cat. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $