专题16 完形填空（知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）-【学考复习】2025年高中英语学业水平合格性考试总复习（全国通用，春季高考适用）

专题16 完形填空 目录 明晰学考要求 1 基础知识梳理 1 考点精讲讲练 2 考点一：常见逻辑关系及示例 2 考点二：解题原则 4 考点三：答题妙招 5 考点四：练习方法和提高途径 6 实战能力训练 9 1. 熟悉文化常识、形成语言意识和思维品质 2. 掌握答题技巧，明确答题步骤 3. 熟悉语篇结构，根据句内层次、句组层次和语篇层次答题 （一）逻辑关系的多层面体现 重要性贯穿始终：逻辑关系在完形填空中起着核心支撑作用，无论是理解文章的行文脉络，还是精准判断各个空格处应填的词汇，都离不开对逻辑关系的准确把握，它是顺利解答完形填空的关键所在。 不同层面的关联：逻辑关系体现在多个层面，包括句中、句间以及段间，各层面相互影响、协同作用，共同构建起文章完整的语义逻辑网络。准确识别这些不同层面的逻辑关系，能够帮助我们从微观到宏观全方位地理解文章，进而提高答题的准确性。 （二）各层面逻辑关系要点 句中逻辑关系： 关键线索词作用：句子内部常常通过一些特定的线索词来展现逻辑关系，像 “and” 这类并列连词等，它们是我们分析句内逻辑、推断空格选项的重要依据。 逻辑对应分析：要善于观察句子各成分之间的逻辑对应情况，例如在涉及并列关系时，并列部分对应的修饰词等往往存在一定逻辑关联，通过分析这种关联，能筛选出符合逻辑的正确选项，就如在有关维生素成分的例句中，根据并列成分与修饰词的对应关系确定答案。 句间逻辑关系： 借助关系词体现：句子与句子之间的逻辑关系通常会通过如转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来呈现，这使得逻辑关系较为直观可辨，我们需要敏锐捕捉这些词来把握句间逻辑走向。 语义转折与对比：像在描述不同对待工人方式的例句中，通过前后句语义的对比，能清晰判断出是转折关系，进而依据这种关系选择合适的逻辑衔接词来体现文意变化，帮助理解上下文和确定答案。 段间逻辑关系： 段落衔接的逻辑重点：段落之间的衔接处往往蕴含着重要的逻辑关系，尤其要关注在新段落开头体现出的与上一段落的逻辑联系，这对于整体把握文章的结构和发展脉络至关重要。 转折关系的常见体现：很多时候，段间会呈现出如转折这样的逻辑关系，通过对前后段核心语义的对比分析，能发现逻辑意义上的相反情况，以此来确定体现这种逻辑关系的相应词汇，如在阐述对某一进程看法的例句中，依据两段语义相反确定转折关系词。 （三）解题对逻辑关系的运用 识别与判断：答题时要首先学会精准识别不同位置、不同形式呈现的逻辑关系，培养对逻辑关联词、语义逻辑变化的敏感度，这是利用逻辑关系解题的基础前提。 依据逻辑推理答案：一旦确定了逻辑关系，就要顺着这种逻辑线索，结合文章语境、已知信息等进行合理的推理分析，从选项中找出最能契合相应逻辑关系、使文章语义连贯顺畅的答案，让逻辑关系成为我们攻克完形填空难题的有力武器。 （一）常见逻辑关系及示例 1. 因果关系： 关联词：如 because, so, as a result 等；也存在隐性因果关系情况。 示例：2019 年全国卷 1 中，因每年很多人尝试攀登乞力马扎罗山，所以他们带来大量垃圾，破坏了地方美景，相应题目依据此因果联系作答。2017 年北京卷里，根据男人无家可归且饥饿的原因，推出看到男人从垃圾桶捡食物吃的结果。 2. 条件关系： 关联词：常见的有 if, unless, on condition that 等。 示例：2014 年江西卷里，“如果我能让你和父亲感觉好一点儿” 与 “Brett 能过来吗” 构成条件与结果关系，用 if 引导。2016 年北京卷中，由 “如果疾病袭击镇子” 这一条件，推知 “孩子们会很无助” 的结果。 3. 让步关系： 关联词：介词类如 despite，in spite of, regardless of 等；连词类有 though，although，as，while，even if, even though 等。 示例：2016 年天津卷中，根据主句 “一个人拥有的最大财富是内心”，可推知空格所在句 “虽然技巧和天赋能带来巨大成功” 的意思，用 Although 引导。2013 年重庆卷里，依据 though 体现的让步关系，从 “尽管她尽力让孩子们集中注意力” 推出雷声吸引了孩子们注意力这一情况。 4. 转折关系： 关联词：常见的有 however, but, on the contrary 等。 示例：2016 年全国 Ⅱ 卷中，“我被命名为最有价值的运动员” 与 “我常做恶梦被责备” 是转折关系，用 but 连接。2016 年北京卷里，“韦尔奇医生迫切需要药品” 与 “最近的药品供应站距离远” 为转折关系，选 However。 5. 对比关系： 关联词：常见的有 while, whereas, not….. but, instead 等。 示例：2017 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷中，“安静不是不令人愉快的” 和 “如果有口语交流，会让我们学的手语更少” 形成对比关系，用 Instead 连接。2012 年全国 Ⅰ 卷里，“北欧人不喜欢身体接触” 与 “拉丁美洲人身体接触较多” 构成对比关系，用 on the other hand 体现。 6. 并列关系： 表现形式：通过并列连词 and 或 not only…but also 等连接，可为同近义并列或反义并列。 示例：2017 年新课标 Ⅱ 卷中，根据并列连词 and 以及前句中的 fun，结合后句的 saddest，判断两分句为反义并列，从而选出答案。2016 年天津卷里，依据 “and praise their accomplishments” 可推知与之并列的是为某人鼓劲加油的表达，进而确定选项。 7. 递进关系： 关联词：常见的有 even, besides, what’s more 等。 示例：2015 年全国 II 卷中，“她们表现得很有进攻性” 与 “还进了一球” 是递进关系，用 even 体现。2014 年湖南卷里，“熨烫衣服说明我还有某种强项” 与 “通过熨烫衣服学会解决最难问题的方法” 是递进关系，选 Besides。 8. 解释关系： 解释方式：可通过某些动词（如 mean, be 和 suggest 等）、符号（破折号，冒号和括号等）或者关联词（如 for example/instance, namely 等）来进行解释说明。 示例：2017 年北京卷中，由 for example 可知前后句为解释关系，后句提到获奖，所以前句 51 空应表示 “奖励” 相关意思。2016 年北京卷里，空后的句子对前面 “是旅途中最危险的一部分” 进行了解释说明。 9. 顺序关系： 关联词：常见的有 to begin with, first of all, first (ly), second (ly), then, next, in the end, finally, last but not least 等；顺序关系有时存在于上下段或上下文之间。 示例：2017 年新课标 Ⅱ 卷中，根据 “在本学年结束之前，我给孩子们一份特别礼物” 的语境，依据顺序关系确定选项。2016 江苏卷里，由信号词 then 体现的顺序关系，结合语境推出最后微笑着说话的情况，确定答案。 10. 时间关系： 引导词：常由 when, while, after, before, as soon as 等引导时间状语从句。 示例：2016 年北京卷中，根据从句意 “当他把药给下一位赶狗拉雪橇的人的时候，Shannon 的脸因极度寒冷而冻得发黑”，判定用 When 引导，体现时间关系。2017 年江苏卷里，根据前后句语境，判断是学音乐的学生要比规定到校时间早到校练习，用 before 引导。 （二）解题原则 1. 语义优先于语法原则：文章开头一般介绍短文相关内容，单纯语法题很少。答题不能只按语法规则选答案，要先理解文章大意，再结合语言结构判断空格选项，因几乎每个选项都可能符合语法规则。 2. 词内选项句内找原则：近义词或词组辨析是考试热点，若四个选项词义相近，需根据上下文语境选择；若词义相差悬殊，上文或下文通常有答题提示，有时需读完全文才能回答首个空格。 3. 四遍法原则： 第一遍：跳过空格通读全文，了解体裁、大意，同时填出一眼能看出答案的题目。 第二遍：关键步骤，逐个推敲空格，按先易后难原则，不确定的先跳过。 第三遍：通篇考虑，填好上下文联系强、涉及段与段逻辑关系的较难空格。 第四遍：检查，再通读全文，从整体把握文章意思，修正不合适的选项。 （三）答题妙招 1. 跳读首尾句进行预测：高考完形填空首、尾句通常不挖空，通过跳读可判断体裁、猜想文章内容。首句常交代关键信息、点明主题，尾句多是主题总结，对理解全文有重要启示作用。 2. 利用语法分析解题：部分题目考查语法项目，可运用平时所学词汇知识，分析单词（组）使用范围、动词及物不及物情况，借助句子结构、句式特点等衡量选项，排除干扰项。 3. 利用固定搭配解题：考查词汇知识体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词辨析两方面。要掌握习惯用法，同时提升词汇量、词语搭配及辨析能力，尤其要能在特定语境灵活运用，根据固定搭配确定答案。 4. 利用固定句型解题：掌握一些固定句型有助于确定题目答案，熟悉如 “It wasn’t long before…” 这类常用句型的用法和含义，结合语境准确答题。 5. 利用复现信息解题：语篇存在原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等情况，以及词汇和结构同现现象，可利用这些寻找解题信息。 6. 利用跳读法解题：先确定相对简单的空格答案，再逐个突破其他较难空格，跳过不易得出答案的题目，避免按题号顺序依次答题。 7. 巧用排除法解题：不能直接确定答案时，可结合排除法与词汇、语法分析，缩小选择范围，排除不符合题意的选项，提高答题正确率。 8. 利用逻辑关系解题： 句中逻辑关系：通过句子内部的逻辑线索词，如并列、对应等关系来推断选项，使选项逻辑意义与文中线索相符。 句间逻辑关系：借助转折、让步、递进、因果等逻辑关系词体现的句与句之间的逻辑联系，或者从篇章层面把握逻辑关系来解题。 段间逻辑关系：关注段落之间衔接体现的逻辑关系，通常在第二段首句等位置体现与前段的逻辑关联来确定答案。 9. 巧用背景常识解题：当文章信息不足时，结合头脑中的文化背景和生活常识答题，依据主题猜测细节，从重复出现词语中体会文章氛围，简化答题过程。 10. 利用对比结构解题：对比结构将对立事物或同一事物不同方面并列对比，利用这种关系，根据已知对比部分推断出设空处的答案。 11. 利用平行结构解题：平行结构形式整齐、内容关联、语法一致，根据其句式相似及意义关联或对比的特点，确定与平行部分对应的答案选项。 12. 利用暗示和对应解题：做题要有全局观念，注重前后句意思联系，难选之处前后多有暗示，多为后面暗示前面，依据这种暗示与对应关系合理推理判断答案。 13. 根据文章的感情色彩解题：通读时寻找反映语境褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子，它们对选择体现相同感情色彩的选项起引导作用，依据文章用词的感情倾向确定答案。 14. 综合利用各种线索解题：从文章字里行间寻找书写和形态变化线索、词汇线索、句法线索、社会文化线索等，利用这些线索猜测、判断，准确答题。 （四）练习方法和提高途径 培养良好阅读习惯： 以意群、语义为单位阅读，避免逐词逐句认读。 借助视觉扫读，摒弃手指唇动或无声心读方式。 阅读时一气呵成，减少频繁回读。 直接理解原文，不要逐词逐句心译。 利用上下文和构词法猜测生词、推测句意，不频繁查词典。 逐步扩大视距，进行纵式快速阅读，而非横式赏析细读。 例题精练，举一反三 因果关系 Every year about 40000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They __41 with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. 41.A. keep B．mix C．connect D．Bring 42.A. stories B．buildings C．crowds D．reporters They saw a man_____36_____out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. A. jumping B．eating C．crying D．waving 条件关系 “I can help, Mum！” James said. “44 I can make you and Dad feel better, can Brett come over? Please？” A. As B．If C．Since D．Before The children of Nome would be 37 if it (a deadly infectious disease mainly affecting children) struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. A. harmless B．helpless C．fearless D．careless 条件关系 Looking around, he continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her will and enthusiasm. 33 skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset (财富) one can hold is the heart.” A. Although B．Since C．Once D．Because Hard though she tried to make the kids 40， the thunder won the battle for their attention. 40．A. concentrate B.change C．hide D．sit 转折关系 We went 10—1 and I was named most valuable player, 48 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s accident. A. and B．then C．but D．thus Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38, the closest supply was over 1, 000 miles away, in Anchorage. A. Moreover B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．However The lessons they learned may not be 40 what they would have gotten in school，but are certainly more personal and meaningful，because they had to work them out on their own. 40．A. harmful to B．mixed with C．different from D．applied to 对比关系 The professor was deaf and any talking was prohibited. I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.58, if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less. A. Lastly B．Thus C．Instead D．However Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact (接触) even with friends, certainly not with strangers. People from Latin American countries，45, touch each other quite a lot. A. in other words B．on the other hand C．in a similar way D．By all means 并列关系 Freddy was an average student, but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion（同情）. He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s_____46_____. A. misfortune B．disbelief C．dishonesty D．mistake Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to 30 her friends and praise their accomplishments. A. cheer on B．compete with C．respond to D．run after 递进关系 They had begun to integrate (融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had seen the day before into their game. They played aggressively and 36 scored a goal. 36.A.even B.still C.seldom D.again Whatever failures I suffer in my life, an ironed shirt tells me I am good at something. 46, through ironing I've learned the method for solving even the most troublesome problems. A. Instead B．Besides C．Otherwise D．However 解释关系 In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of 51. For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the efforts of young people to change the world. A. praises B．invitations C．replies D．appointments On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to cross a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most_____48_____ part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. A. shameful B．boring C．dangerous D．foolish 顺序关系 In 1973, I was teaching elementary school. Each day, 27 kids entered “The Thinking Laboratory.”… Before the school year_____47_____, I gave the kids a special gift, … A. changed B．approached C．returned D．ended A （2024高一下·甘肃兰州·学业考试）Responsibility is the good character of human race. However, in this world, few people have self-esteem, self-confidence, enterprising, compassion, perseverance, filial piety and kindness. The faucet (旋塞) has many uses: to provide water 1 the people. 2 , some people will turn on the faucet and are unwilling to turn it off. In the school, there are many classmates littering. This is a bad behavior. Littering garbage back to pollute the environment, making the campus unclean. It is 3 that there is a young man studying in the United States 4 has good grades in school and is also very smart and capable. After graduation, he thought he could find a good job with his knowledge and ability. However, he went to many companies and 5 rejected. When he asked 6 he was rejected, the reply he got was: Although you are very talented, you escaped the ticket 3 times. My company is 7 have talents and good quality such as integrity (正直). This is also a 8 . Do what you can do by yourself. The tasks assigned (分配) to you by the teacher 9 be done to the best of your ability. When you see a very 10 person, you will 11 think about his miserable life or continue to weave him in the future. This is your kind 12 . If you get a failing test paper, you will definitely push all the responsibilities to the teacher. It’s not right 13 this time. It’s 14 you don’t study hard to fail the exam. Classmates, let’s 15 action! Let us reinvigorate (使再振作) and change our bad ailments, not to litter and so on. Then, we can become a modern little citizen with a sense of responsibility. 1．A．to B．with C．for D．from 2．A．But B．However C．And D．While 3．A．said B．say C．speak D．spoken 4．A．where B．that C．while D．who 5．A．was B．is C．were D．are 6．A．how B．what C．why D．that 7．A．for B．with C．to D．from 8．A．blame B．responsibility C．duty D．onus 9．A．may B．should C．can D．must 10．A．miserable B．pity C．rich D．nasty 11．A．decidely B．rueful C．commiserative D．definitely 12．A．compassion B．concern C．solicitude D．feeling 13．A．on B．in C．at D．for 14．A．that B．becaue C．why D．were 15．A．put B．take C．in D．up B （2024高一下·广东佛山·学业考试）I was sixty-eight years old and retired when our church (教堂) joined a prison service group. We went on a tour of the women prison (监狱). The metal doors gave me a sense of 16 . I knew I couldn’t stand being locked behind those doors, 17 as a volunteer who knew she was getting out. Then Margo, a young but experienced volunteer in the prison, 18 me to be her partner. She felt she could 19 the women by speaking to their needs. Her positive attitude slowly built my 20 , and I accepted her invitation. Later, Margo and I scheduled our first visit. 21 , when we arrived at the prison, the women 22 to come out as they were watching TV. And when I arrived the next week for the second visit, I was told Margo couldn’t 23 ! How was I supposed to deal with them when she was absent? Waiting alone 24 , I almost jumped at the sound of the door unlocking. One by one, the women in orange entered the room. I saw daughters, mothers, and grandmothers. They had all once made bad decisions but they wanted to 25 . Suddenly, I felt no fear and couldn’t wait to share 26 words with these women. Before I knew it, our meeting had ended and the women were 27 me. Fifteen years have passed now and I 28 to go weekly to the prison. The greatest 29 is to hear them say “thanks, Granny Bev,” as they follow the guard back to their rooms, and I go through the 30 doors that once brought me fear. 16．A．curiosity B．fear C．surprise D．sadness 17．A．rarely B．especially C．even D．just 18．A．invited B．forced C．allowed D．hired 19．A．control B．influence C．cheat D．judge 20．A．capacity B．patience C．confidence D．reputation 21．A．Moreover B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．However 22．A．planned B．refused C．managed D．offered 23．A．stay B．speak C．come D．walk 24．A．nervously B．excitedly C．expectantly D．angrily 25．A．survive B．escape C．relax D．change 26．A．encouraging B．interesting C．polite D．tough 27．A．congratulating B．asking C．thanking D．observing 28．A．stop B．struggle C．forget D．continue 29．A．satisfaction B．interest C．disappointment D．wish 30．A．hidden B．same C．mental D．wooden C （2023高一下·吉林·学业考试）A young woman in her 20s was sitting on the train, next to her mother. They both looked tired but excited. The young woman was looking 31 from the train’s windows. Suddenly, she shouted “Mom, look, the trees are behind us!” Her voice was so 32 that everyone on the train heard. Mom smiled. But a young couple sitting nearby 33 the young woman’s childish behavior (行为) with pity. “ 34 young woman. There must be something wrong with her mind.” They thought. A while later, the young woman 35 again. And the mother seemed very happy with the young woman’s words. 36 the couple couldn’t help asking the old woman, “Sorry if we offend (冒犯) you. But why don’t you take your daughter to a good doctor? ” The old woman smiled and said, “Actually, we have just come from the 37 ” “Then you should go to a better one. Because it seems that your daughter’s situation hasn’t 38 ,” said one of them. They felt so bad for the old woman. “No, in fact I’m very happy with the treatment (治疗) ,” said the mother. “My daughter was 39 from birth. Today, she is seeing the world for the first time. ” Every single person has a story. Don’t judge (评判) people 40 you truly know them. The truth might surprise you. 31．A．in B．down C．out D．away 32．A．loud B．low C．gentle D．soft 33．A．arrived at B．looked at C．shouted at D．aimed at 34．A．Happy B．Smart C．Clever D．Poor 35．A．said B．asked C．shouted D．sang 36．A．Luckily B．Finally C．Sadly D．Probably 37．A．school B．factory C．hospital D．store 38．A．improved B．happened C．started D．kept 39．A．healthy B．deaf C．weak D．blind 40．A．since B．before C．after D．for D （2023高一上·广东佛山·学业考试）Imunek narrowly avoided a disaster last year. At that time, Imunek already had a 1 year old and was eight months pregnant with her second kid. She was still working her job as a bus driver for local 41 . The day was fairly 42 until a strange smell began to fill the 43 . “I had the driver window down and thought the 44 was coming from another car at first, but then smoke 45 coming through my heater, so I 46 ,” Imunek recalled. She 47 to use her radio phone to discuss the problem, but it didn’t take long for her to 48 that she didn’t have time for a 49 . Instead, she gathered the 37 kids she 50 , ranging from primary to high school, and got them off the bus as quickly and 51 as possible. Fifteen to thirty seconds after the 52 child got off the bus, the bus was on fire. Although Imunek breathed in a good amount of smoke, she and her baby were found to be 53 , as were all the children on her bus. To express their 54 , all of the children’s parents wrote thank you notes for the 55 bus driver. 41．A．workers B．travelers C．students D．villagers 42．A．tough B．challenging C．comfortable D．natural 43．A．bus B．car C．street D．world 44．A．smell B．smoke C．fire D．noise 45．A．stopped B．started C．continued D．tried 46．A．got off B．went away C．pulled over D．stood up 47．A．afforded B．agreed C．promised D．wanted 48．A．decide B．hope C．imagine D．record 49．A．chance B．lesson C．conversation D．task 50．A．chose B．taught C．knew D．carried 51．A．politely B．calmly C．actively D．easily 52．A．last B．first C．only D．slow 53．A．healthy B．weak C．attractive D．helpless 54．A．support B．thanks C．understanding D．worries 55．A．good-looking B．easy-going C．fast-talking D．quick-thinking E （22-23高一下·江西抚州·期中）Some years ago, I was invited to give a keynote speech at a high-level meeting. It was a great chance for me. I was 56 when I heard the news. 57 , since I gave a keynote speech for the first time, I 58 I wouldn’t perform well as expected. When I sat in the back waiting for my 59 , I felt nervous about how people would see me. I fixed my mind totally on “me”. I felt very uncomfortable. While looking through websites online, I read an interview with a famous psychologist 60 . He spoke about the pleasure of wishing others well and a wave of 61 swept over me. I recognized that the kindest thing I could do for myself was to 62 concentrating totally on “me” and instead try to be 63 to others. So I stayed focused on what could be useful to other people rather than how I was 64 . Surprisingly, my speech received great 65 . I understand that to get admiration, stop 66 it, to take care of yourself, you need to take care of others first. This 67 works for many people. It’s also 68 that you need to be kind to yourself because if your sense of being happy 69 , you’re more likely to be patient, supportive, forgiving, and loving. Nowadays, it seems as if people are 70 in a vast web since each person doesn’t live alone. No matter how good or bad it is, what you do to others certainly comes back to yourself. 56．A．positive B．disappointed C．excited D．sad 57．A．Otherwise B．Besides C．Therefore D．However 58．A．feared B．expected C．decided D．promised 59．A．chance B．turn C．dream D．choice 60．A．in exchange B．on purpose C．by accident D．for nothing 61．A．regret B．warmth C．pride D．relaxation 62．A．practise B．stop C．imagine D．consider 63．A．polite B．blind C．helpful D．known 64．A．coming across B．giving up C．figuring out D．putting down 65．A．praise B．benefit C．guidance D．challenge 66．A．changing B．making C．improving D．finding 67．A．habit B．rule C．result D．story 68．A．true B．easy C．surprising D．interesting 69．A．struggles B．changes C．matters D．increases 70．A．trapped B．controlled C．connected D．arranged F （2024高二下·福建·学业考试）My elder brother, Kevin, was always unkind to me. Sharing a bedroom with him was not 71 . When I was seven, my 72 took us to the swimming pool one day. I just learned how to 73 then, but Kevin could swim like a fish. My parents reminded Kevin to 74 me before we swam off. Kevin was unwilling to look after me, 75 he swam far away. I paddled (蹬水) in the water by myself. Somehow I 76 the line and moved into the grown- ups’ pool. The water became much 77 and my feet couldn’t touch the bottom. I was frightened and tried to call for help but 78 kept coming through my mouth and nose. Drowning (溺水) was such a 79 experience! Suddenly, someone saved me from the water and 80 me up. It was my brother Kevin! Hearing the 81 , my parents rushed to us. They were so concerned about me that they completely ignored Kevin. No one even 82 how he was feeling. Kevin felt wronged and suddenly began to cry, saying that my parents 83 loved me more than him. I finally understood why Kevin was so difficult. I felt 84 to have made him feel less important. We hugged him close, saying that we 85 him as much. From that day on, I have always got along well with my brother. 71．A．surprising B．enjoyable C．difficult 72．A．friends B．teachers C．parents 73．A．swim B．cook C．dance 74．A．look up to B．watch out for C．keep away from 75．A．but B．if C．so 76．A．crossed B．tied C．cut 77．A．warmer B．cleaner C．deeper 78．A．air B．water C．rubbish 79．A．terrible B．boring C．wonderful 80．A．beat B．blew C．brought 81．A．noise B．song C．cheer 82．A．explained B．asked C．doubted 83．A．never B．seldom C．always 84．A．calm B．sorry C．excited 85．A．loved B．served C．pushed G （2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）On 17 March, 476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School escaped an earthquake that hit the country at 2:27 p.m. Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, was 86 when the floor began to shake. Her students’ 87 was quick and correct — they moved under their desks, head first and 88 the legs of the desks. At the same time, Miss Brown 89 opened the classroom door, in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open. There were loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground, but the students remained still and 90 calmly and quietly. The moment the shaking stopped, Ming Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to 91 . She signalled to her students to exit the 92 in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands. Within one minute and twenty seconds, the whole classes went down the stairs and 93 to the playground. Soon students from other classes arrived too. After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they 94 , laughing, crying and hugging each other. “We practise earthquake safety, procedures twice a year,” said Miss Brown, “so the kids were 95 enough to protect themselves during the earthquake.” 86．A．teaching B．playing C．cooking D．exercising 87．A．preparation B．reaction C．communication D．explanation 88．A．held on to B．caught sight of C．took apart D．put aside 89．A．suddenly B．quickly C．carelessly D．secretly 90．A．stood B．slept C．waited D．moved 91．A．study B．perform C．question D．escape 92．A．library B．gym C．hall D．classroom 93．A．rushed B．walked C．wandered D．flooded 94．A．sighed B．struggled C．relaxed D．hesitated 95．A．energetic B．curious C．calm D．patient H （2024高二上·广东·学业考试）It was a sunny day. Kate was jumping rope in front of her house. She had all the time in the world to 96 her jumping. The jump rope was 97 to her. It was a birthday 98 from her grandma, who spent several nights 99 making it perfect. As Kate was jumping, a teenage boy 100 to her from across the road. “Give me that,” he shouted and 101 the jump rope from Kate’s hands and ran away. 102 and angry, Kate ran after the boy, hoping to get it back. “What a 103 boy,” thought Kate. She ran all the way to a park and finally 104 the boy. There, she saw a younger child 105 in the pond(池塘). The boy threw an end of the jump rope to the child and pulled the child onto the bank. Kate walked up to them and asked if they needed any 106 . “All good. Thank you,” said the boy. Handing the jump rope back to Kate, he 107 , “I’m sorry if I frightened you just now, but I was in a 108 . The rope was a big help. ” Back home, Kate told her grandma that the rope had helped 109 a child in the park. She smiled 110 as she thought of the part her jump rope had played. 96．A．show B．enjoy C．record D．prepare 97．A．short B．strong C．special D．strange 98．A．gift B．card C．cake D．party 99．A．freely B．quickly C．anxiously D．tirelessly 100．A．rode B．drove C．jumped D．rushed 101．A．stole B．took C．received D．borrowed 102．A．Tired B．Touched C．Shocked D．Excited 103．A．lonely B．helpless C．careless D．horrible 104．A．caught up with B．argued with C．shouted at D．got away from 105．A．swimming B．struggling C．playing D．rowing 106．A．help B．time C．money D．advice 107．A．warned B．shouted C．ordered D．apologized 108．A．way B．mess C．hurry D．minute 109．A．save B．find C．lead D．train 110．A．bravely B．proudly C．curiously D．nervously I （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）I was driving my daughter to the nearest airport. It was a 3-hour 111 , so after dropping her off at the 112 , my sons and I stopped at a McDonalds to have lunch. After finding a table, I went up to order our 113 . Most of the workers there were teenagers. Working at the cash register (收银台), 114 , was an elder lady. Each person that 115 to give their order was given a huge smile and a few kind words. It 116 my heart to see how she made people happy in with her good cheer. When it was my 117 to order, I smiled back and told her that she had the sweetest smile I’d 118 seen. She laughed, patted me on the hand and 119 , “No extra charge, sweetie!” When I was 120 home I could still feel her 121 in my heart and see her smile in my mind. And I could feel my own face smiling too. When we drove back to pick up my 122 a few days later, we stopped at the McDonalds again. I 123 the lady with the sweet smile but she was nowhere to be seen. Maybe she wasn’t 124 that day or maybe she had moved on to bless others with her smile somewhere else. Either way I wished her well. Remembering our 125 meeting always brings a smile back to my face. 111．A．trip B．speech C．activity 112．A．station B．airport C．show 113．A．products B．drinks C．food 114．A．instead B．however C．thus 115．A．came up B．looked up C．broke up 116．A．warmed B．hurt C．troubled 117．A．birthday B．turn C．check 118．A．never B．ever C．seldom 119．A．mailed B．recited C．said 120．A．walking B．running C．driving 121．A．kindness B．attention C．weight 122．A．assistant B．daughter C．niece 123．A．picked up B．looked for C．chatted with 124．A．working B．worrying C．lying 125．A．daily B．secret C．brief J （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）I was overweight most of my life. Everything I really knew about myself was 126 on my size. It was really a 127 experience being a fat woman. However, everything changed after my drastic (极端的) weight 128 five years ago. I often took a look at myself in a 129 as I passed by in a department store and questioned, “Who is that girl?” It wasn’t for a 130 of having mirrors in my house and not looking into the mirror on a 131 basis. My old mental programming (心理程序) still 132 myself as 300 pounds. Even five years after losing all of the weight, I still 133   myself thinking, “Who is that girl?” When I’m not expecting to see myself in a mirror or photograph, it’s a total 134 that I look the way that I do. I’d like to think that this is something my mind will finally get used to, but after five 135 , it still hasn’t. I lived in a neighborhood that had a small 136 , at which the same cashiers (收银员) always seemed to work there. The cashiers pretty much always 137 me when I weighed 300 pounds. I was never 138 with a “Hello, how are you doing today? Did you find everything OK?” Even just saying “hi” would have been nice. I grew to 139 shopping there. After I took the weight off, the cashiers were warmer and kinder to me. These were the same cashiers as before, 140 they were friendly to the smaller me. 126．A．fed B．put C．centered 127．A．forgettable B．regretful C．painful 128．A．loss B．rise C．discovery 129．A．row B．mirror C．war 130．A．piece B．series C．lack 131．A．huge B．regular C．tough 132．A．troubles B．regards C．stops 133．A．find B．train C．allow 134．A．shock B．suggestion C．joy 135．A．months B．years C．days 136．A．hospital B．school C．store 137．A．proved B．ignored C．annoyed 138．A．greeted B．compared C．presented 139．A．dislike B．addict C．cancel 140．A．so B．and C．but K （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）When Aly Stosz was in kindergarten, she was taller than the rest of her class. During primary school, her 141 never slowed. When she was in high school, she began to grow slowly. Years later in 2013, Aly 142 6 feet 9 inches tall. 143 activities like shopping for clothes and shoes can be stressful for Aly because she struggles to find anything that 144 properly on her. Most items that are sold as dresses end up becoming shirts for her, and it’s a 145 if a store ever has a pair of pants long enough for her legs. But, through all of these struggles, Aly has learned to 146 the body she’s been given and to walk with confidence. Loving her height wasn’t always a(n) 147 thing to do. As a young girl, Aly was 148 for her height and called “monster”. This caused a lot of 149 and struggle as she grew up. 150 , she realized that most people were 151 ways to stand out and be different, and here she was born with her own unique 152 ! These days Aly is strong and 153 . She focuses on holding her head up high. She also made sure to surround herself with people who praise her 154 and beauty. Watching this interview of Aly is inspiring and 155 . 141．A．speech B．growth C．pace 142．A．reached B．covered C．won 143．A．Kind B．Local C．Normal 144．A．focuses B．bets C．fits 145．A．wonder B．shame C．sign 146．A．recover B．accept C．establish 147．A．easy B．right C．enjoyable 148．A．paid back B．laughed at C．turned down 149．A．attention B．pain C．excitement 150．A．Finally B．However C．Instead 151．A．giving up B．looking up C．searching for 152．A．talent B．creativity C．look 153．A．confident B．fat C．slim 154．A．birthday B．strength C．wedding 155．A．encouraging B．surprising C．worrying L （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Nicolo and Chase, his 10-year-old son, search the streets of Salt Lake City every weekend for the homeless to take to lunch. They 156 Project Empathy (共情) four years ago to share a meal, 157 their stories and figured out how they could further 158 . “Just start with a smile, a hello. It really 159 starts with that. If you do it, you can make a(n) 160 . A small gesture can have a(n) 161 effect on others who are less 162 ,” Nicolo said in an interview. Some of these 163 meals have turned into stronger connections. Ward, a homeless, was housed in a flat. He thanked Nicolo and Chase for helping him through the 164 process of moving off the 165 . “It is great to have friends who make us feel extremely good and I’m impressed with the pair,” Ward said. Father and son’s 166 have developed into a passion project that highlights faith and community, which 167 the role community members can have in 168 the homeless. They know they can’t settle the homeless problem 169 . They’re hoping empathy will catch on (流行起来). “My hope for the future is to 170 more connection across our country. We could and we will succeed if we have other people join in and help the homeless,” Chase said. 156．A．started B．borrowed C．bought 157．A．wrote down B．listened to C．referred to 158．A．bother B．greet C．help 159．A．just B．even C．still 160．A．impression B．connection C．decision 161．A．small B．direct C．important 162．A．wealthy B．fortunate C．successful 163．A．shared B．wasted C．saved 164．A．simple B．useful C．difficult 165．A．houses B．cinemas C．streets 166．A．opinions B．efforts C．dreams 167．A．stresses B．explains C．checks 168．A．dealing with B．calming down C．cheering up 169．A．alone B．anyway C．exactly 170．A．make B．spread C．value M （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）I have been lucky enough to be the youngest of three siblings (兄弟姐妹). I’m 171 luckier to call both of them two of my best friends. Growing up, I’ve always been 172 as the baby of the family. As much as I 173 it then, I have learned to love it. Every day, at least 20 times a day, siblings make 174 of each other. When I was younger, I always took it to 175 . But growing up with their 176 , our siblings have taught me that it’s okay to 177 yourself sometimes. Jokes aren’t always out to hurt us, sometimes only to 178 the mood. From the minute we are able to talk, my siblings always give each other a hard time. It could be making fun of each other for our 179 of clothes or music. Anything that can possibly made fun has been made fun of by us. It’s all fun and 180 until someone other than my siblings give me a hard time. When that happens, my siblings don’t 181 to cut in and say something to protect me. No matter what happens throughout my life, my siblings will 182 me through it all. Whether it was that time I “ 183 ” drew on the wall with marker and they covered for me, or my college 184 , they have given us the knowledge to make the right choice. My siblings are best friends 185 in my life through some odd reason but, for the most part, I love them. 171．A．seldom B．too C．even 172．A．known B．seen C．qualified 173．A．picked B．attempted C．hated 174．A．fun B．use C．sense 175．A．home B．limit C．heart 176．A．sense B．influence C．praise 177．A．focus on B．laugh at C．dress up 178．A．lighten B．tighten C．deepen 179．A．choices B．chances C．efforts 180．A．manners B．games C．lessons 181．A．determine B．plan C．hesitate 182．A．support B．comfort C．encourage 183．A．accidentally B．eventually C．frequently 184．A．attention B．invention C．decision 185．A．abandoning B．appearing C．going N （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）I am still on holiday here in beautiful Iceland. I have 186 some acts of kindness such as smiling at people or 187 some small talk. Yesterday, I went a step further. I went into the local church and sat for about an hour 188 every single person that I am grateful for-even the ones who have 189 me a hard time over the years. Bad experiences are 190 too. It was hard to concentrate as it was rather 191 due to maintenance(维修)work. I found myself thinking about people I have known, 192 over the years, the ones that especially made a lasting 193 on me and tried to visualise(使形象化, 想象)their 194 in my mind’s eye. Wished them all the very best as I did so. I also thought of our beautiful planet and 195 expressed my gratitude for the stars, the sun, the moon, the water and so on because without 196 we are nothing. Then at the end, I made a personal wish and I noticed that everything was suddenly peaceful all around me and the 197 was, shining through the window just across from me. And a few 198 things were to be observed which made me smile. I then 199 a candle and wished for 200 in every single person and peace in our world and went on my way. 186．A．heard B．changed C．practiced 187．A．making B．reading C．saying 188．A．referring to B．thinking about C．depending on 189．A．passed B．shown C．given 190．A．students B．teachers C．athletes 191．A．noisy B．quiet C．low 192．A．beat B．encountered C．overcame 193．A．impression B．pain C．pity 194．A．noses B．fingers C．faces 195．A．silently B．coldly C．suddenly 196．A．mountain B．river C．nature 197．A．rain B．wind C．sun 198．A．ugly B．lovely C．deadly 199．A．fixed B．lit C．sold 200．A．peace B．trouble C．difficulty O （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Jennifer, 56, from Toronto, Canada, has worked in Hubei for 12 years. To quickly 201 , she gave herself a Chinese name Zhang Nifeng. In 2007, Jennifer was 202 by an educational institution (教育机构) in Toronto to 203 on English teaching in Wuhan. Despite not knowing about Wuhan before, Jennifer 204 its vast areas and convenient transportation. In 2015, she 205 to the Wudang Mountain and was 206 by its beautiful scenery, deciding to work there. Two years later, she was 207 to teach at No. 2 Middle School in Shiyan where the Wudang Mountain is located. “I was very 208 as soon as I knew the destination,” she introduced. Jennifer found the students enthusiastic, and she had many 209 experiences with them. There was a(n) 210 when they invited her for an outing, as she thought they said “snake” when they actually meant “snack”. The 211 and culture of Shiyan has aroused (激起) her great 212 . She often goes to the Shiyan Museum to know the relevant information and 213 Hubei to friends in Canada. “I hope to establish a 214 connecting Hubei to the world via English, so that more people can get 215 to Shiyan and Hubei,” she said. 201．A．meet B．adapt C．behave 202．A．sent B．shown C．called 203．A．act B．live C．work 204．A．got rid of B．fell in love with C．caught up with 205．A．rushed B．walked C．toured 206．A．confused B．attracted C．supported 207．A．chosen B．refused C．helped 208．A．upset B．busy C．happy 209．A．funny B．frightening C．sad 210．A．excitement B．misunderstanding C．impression 211．A．history B．science C．development 212．A．confidence B．anger C．interest 213．A．introduces B．gives C．leads 214．A．base B．tradition C．bridge 215．A．ready B．close C．used ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题16 完形填空 目录 明晰学考要求 1 基础知识梳理 1 考点精讲讲练 2 考点一：常见逻辑关系及示例 2 考点二：解题原则 4 考点三：答题妙招 5 考点四：练习方法和提高途径 6 实战能力训练 10 1. 熟悉文化常识、形成语言意识和思维品质 2. 掌握答题技巧，明确答题步骤 3. 熟悉语篇结构，根据句内层次、句组层次和语篇层次答题 （一）逻辑关系的多层面体现 重要性贯穿始终：逻辑关系在完形填空中起着核心支撑作用，无论是理解文章的行文脉络，还是精准判断各个空格处应填的词汇，都离不开对逻辑关系的准确把握，它是顺利解答完形填空的关键所在。 不同层面的关联：逻辑关系体现在多个层面，包括句中、句间以及段间，各层面相互影响、协同作用，共同构建起文章完整的语义逻辑网络。准确识别这些不同层面的逻辑关系，能够帮助我们从微观到宏观全方位地理解文章，进而提高答题的准确性。 （二）各层面逻辑关系要点 句中逻辑关系： 关键线索词作用：句子内部常常通过一些特定的线索词来展现逻辑关系，像 “and” 这类并列连词等，它们是我们分析句内逻辑、推断空格选项的重要依据。 逻辑对应分析：要善于观察句子各成分之间的逻辑对应情况，例如在涉及并列关系时，并列部分对应的修饰词等往往存在一定逻辑关联，通过分析这种关联，能筛选出符合逻辑的正确选项，就如在有关维生素成分的例句中，根据并列成分与修饰词的对应关系确定答案。 句间逻辑关系： 借助关系词体现：句子与句子之间的逻辑关系通常会通过如转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来呈现，这使得逻辑关系较为直观可辨，我们需要敏锐捕捉这些词来把握句间逻辑走向。 语义转折与对比：像在描述不同对待工人方式的例句中，通过前后句语义的对比，能清晰判断出是转折关系，进而依据这种关系选择合适的逻辑衔接词来体现文意变化，帮助理解上下文和确定答案。 段间逻辑关系： 段落衔接的逻辑重点：段落之间的衔接处往往蕴含着重要的逻辑关系，尤其要关注在新段落开头体现出的与上一段落的逻辑联系，这对于整体把握文章的结构和发展脉络至关重要。 转折关系的常见体现：很多时候，段间会呈现出如转折这样的逻辑关系，通过对前后段核心语义的对比分析，能发现逻辑意义上的相反情况，以此来确定体现这种逻辑关系的相应词汇，如在阐述对某一进程看法的例句中，依据两段语义相反确定转折关系词。 （三）解题对逻辑关系的运用 识别与判断：答题时要首先学会精准识别不同位置、不同形式呈现的逻辑关系，培养对逻辑关联词、语义逻辑变化的敏感度，这是利用逻辑关系解题的基础前提。 依据逻辑推理答案：一旦确定了逻辑关系，就要顺着这种逻辑线索，结合文章语境、已知信息等进行合理的推理分析，从选项中找出最能契合相应逻辑关系、使文章语义连贯顺畅的答案，让逻辑关系成为我们攻克完形填空难题的有力武器。 （一）常见逻辑关系及示例 1. 因果关系： 关联词：如 because, so, as a result 等；也存在隐性因果关系情况。 示例：2019 年全国卷 1 中，因每年很多人尝试攀登乞力马扎罗山，所以他们带来大量垃圾，破坏了地方美景，相应题目依据此因果联系作答。2017 年北京卷里，根据男人无家可归且饥饿的原因，推出看到男人从垃圾桶捡食物吃的结果。 2. 条件关系： 关联词：常见的有 if, unless, on condition that 等。 示例：2014 年江西卷里，“如果我能让你和父亲感觉好一点儿” 与 “Brett 能过来吗” 构成条件与结果关系，用 if 引导。2016 年北京卷中，由 “如果疾病袭击镇子” 这一条件，推知 “孩子们会很无助” 的结果。 3. 让步关系： 关联词：介词类如 despite，in spite of, regardless of 等；连词类有 though，although，as，while，even if, even though 等。 示例：2016 年天津卷中，根据主句 “一个人拥有的最大财富是内心”，可推知空格所在句 “虽然技巧和天赋能带来巨大成功” 的意思，用 Although 引导。2013 年重庆卷里，依据 though 体现的让步关系，从 “尽管她尽力让孩子们集中注意力” 推出雷声吸引了孩子们注意力这一情况。 4. 转折关系： 关联词：常见的有 however, but, on the contrary 等。 示例：2016 年全国 Ⅱ 卷中，“我被命名为最有价值的运动员” 与 “我常做恶梦被责备” 是转折关系，用 but 连接。2016 年北京卷里，“韦尔奇医生迫切需要药品” 与 “最近的药品供应站距离远” 为转折关系，选 However。 5. 对比关系： 关联词：常见的有 while, whereas, not….. but, instead 等。 示例：2017 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷中，“安静不是不令人愉快的” 和 “如果有口语交流，会让我们学的手语更少” 形成对比关系，用 Instead 连接。2012 年全国 Ⅰ 卷里，“北欧人不喜欢身体接触” 与 “拉丁美洲人身体接触较多” 构成对比关系，用 on the other hand 体现。 6. 并列关系： 表现形式：通过并列连词 and 或 not only…but also 等连接，可为同近义并列或反义并列。 示例：2017 年新课标 Ⅱ 卷中，根据并列连词 and 以及前句中的 fun，结合后句的 saddest，判断两分句为反义并列，从而选出答案。2016 年天津卷里，依据 “and praise their accomplishments” 可推知与之并列的是为某人鼓劲加油的表达，进而确定选项。 7. 递进关系： 关联词：常见的有 even, besides, what’s more 等。 示例：2015 年全国 II 卷中，“她们表现得很有进攻性” 与 “还进了一球” 是递进关系，用 even 体现。2014 年湖南卷里，“熨烫衣服说明我还有某种强项” 与 “通过熨烫衣服学会解决最难问题的方法” 是递进关系，选 Besides。 8. 解释关系： 解释方式：可通过某些动词（如 mean, be 和 suggest 等）、符号（破折号，冒号和括号等）或者关联词（如 for example/instance, namely 等）来进行解释说明。 示例：2017 年北京卷中，由 for example 可知前后句为解释关系，后句提到获奖，所以前句 51 空应表示 “奖励” 相关意思。2016 年北京卷里，空后的句子对前面 “是旅途中最危险的一部分” 进行了解释说明。 9. 顺序关系： 关联词：常见的有 to begin with, first of all, first (ly), second (ly), then, next, in the end, finally, last but not least 等；顺序关系有时存在于上下段或上下文之间。 示例：2017 年新课标 Ⅱ 卷中，根据 “在本学年结束之前，我给孩子们一份特别礼物” 的语境，依据顺序关系确定选项。2016 江苏卷里，由信号词 then 体现的顺序关系，结合语境推出最后微笑着说话的情况，确定答案。 10. 时间关系： 引导词：常由 when, while, after, before, as soon as 等引导时间状语从句。 示例：2016 年北京卷中，根据从句意 “当他把药给下一位赶狗拉雪橇的人的时候，Shannon 的脸因极度寒冷而冻得发黑”，判定用 When 引导，体现时间关系。2017 年江苏卷里，根据前后句语境，判断是学音乐的学生要比规定到校时间早到校练习，用 before 引导。 （二）解题原则 1. 语义优先于语法原则：文章开头一般介绍短文相关内容，单纯语法题很少。答题不能只按语法规则选答案，要先理解文章大意，再结合语言结构判断空格选项，因几乎每个选项都可能符合语法规则。 2. 词内选项句内找原则：近义词或词组辨析是考试热点，若四个选项词义相近，需根据上下文语境选择；若词义相差悬殊，上文或下文通常有答题提示，有时需读完全文才能回答首个空格。 3. 四遍法原则： 第一遍：跳过空格通读全文，了解体裁、大意，同时填出一眼能看出答案的题目。 第二遍：关键步骤，逐个推敲空格，按先易后难原则，不确定的先跳过。 第三遍：通篇考虑，填好上下文联系强、涉及段与段逻辑关系的较难空格。 第四遍：检查，再通读全文，从整体把握文章意思，修正不合适的选项。 （三）答题妙招 1. 跳读首尾句进行预测：高考完形填空首、尾句通常不挖空，通过跳读可判断体裁、猜想文章内容。首句常交代关键信息、点明主题，尾句多是主题总结，对理解全文有重要启示作用。 2. 利用语法分析解题：部分题目考查语法项目，可运用平时所学词汇知识，分析单词（组）使用范围、动词及物不及物情况，借助句子结构、句式特点等衡量选项，排除干扰项。 3. 利用固定搭配解题：考查词汇知识体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词辨析两方面。要掌握习惯用法，同时提升词汇量、词语搭配及辨析能力，尤其要能在特定语境灵活运用，根据固定搭配确定答案。 4. 利用固定句型解题：掌握一些固定句型有助于确定题目答案，熟悉如 “It wasn’t long before…” 这类常用句型的用法和含义，结合语境准确答题。 5. 利用复现信息解题：语篇存在原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等情况，以及词汇和结构同现现象，可利用这些寻找解题信息。 6. 利用跳读法解题：先确定相对简单的空格答案，再逐个突破其他较难空格，跳过不易得出答案的题目，避免按题号顺序依次答题。 7. 巧用排除法解题：不能直接确定答案时，可结合排除法与词汇、语法分析，缩小选择范围，排除不符合题意的选项，提高答题正确率。 8. 利用逻辑关系解题： 句中逻辑关系：通过句子内部的逻辑线索词，如并列、对应等关系来推断选项，使选项逻辑意义与文中线索相符。 句间逻辑关系：借助转折、让步、递进、因果等逻辑关系词体现的句与句之间的逻辑联系，或者从篇章层面把握逻辑关系来解题。 段间逻辑关系：关注段落之间衔接体现的逻辑关系，通常在第二段首句等位置体现与前段的逻辑关联来确定答案。 9. 巧用背景常识解题：当文章信息不足时，结合头脑中的文化背景和生活常识答题，依据主题猜测细节，从重复出现词语中体会文章氛围，简化答题过程。 10. 利用对比结构解题：对比结构将对立事物或同一事物不同方面并列对比，利用这种关系，根据已知对比部分推断出设空处的答案。 11. 利用平行结构解题：平行结构形式整齐、内容关联、语法一致，根据其句式相似及意义关联或对比的特点，确定与平行部分对应的答案选项。 12. 利用暗示和对应解题：做题要有全局观念，注重前后句意思联系，难选之处前后多有暗示，多为后面暗示前面，依据这种暗示与对应关系合理推理判断答案。 13. 根据文章的感情色彩解题：通读时寻找反映语境褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子，它们对选择体现相同感情色彩的选项起引导作用，依据文章用词的感情倾向确定答案。 14. 综合利用各种线索解题：从文章字里行间寻找书写和形态变化线索、词汇线索、句法线索、社会文化线索等，利用这些线索猜测、判断，准确答题。 （四）练习方法和提高途径 培养良好阅读习惯： 以意群、语义为单位阅读，避免逐词逐句认读。 借助视觉扫读，摒弃手指唇动或无声心读方式。 阅读时一气呵成，减少频繁回读。 直接理解原文，不要逐词逐句心译。 利用上下文和构词法猜测生词、推测句意，不频繁查词典。 逐步扩大视距，进行纵式快速阅读，而非横式赏析细读。 例题精练，举一反三 因果关系 Every year about 40000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They __41 with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. 41.A. keep B．mix C．connect D．Bring 42.A. stories B．buildings C．crowds D．reporters 解析：通过三句话之间的隐性因果关系来解题。第一句表明每年约四万人尝试攀登乞力马扎罗山，因人数多，所以他们带来大量垃圾；又因大量人群产生大量垃圾，进而破坏了这个地方的美景，因此 41 题选 D，42 题选 C。 They saw a man_____36_____out of a garbage can. She asked her mother why he did that and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry. A. jumping B．eating C．crying D．waving 解析：后一句 “the man was homeless and hungry（这个男人无家可归且饥肠辘辘）” 表示原因，本句表示结果，属于前果后因的情况。由因推果，可知 “他们看见一个男人正在捡垃圾桶里的食物吃”，所以选 B。 条件关系 “I can help, Mum！” James said. “44 I can make you and Dad feel better, can Brett come over? Please？” A. As B．If C．Since D．Before 解析：“如果我能让你和父亲感觉好一点儿” 与 “Brett 能过来吗？” 构成条件与结果的关系，所以选用 if 引导，答案选 B。 The children of Nome would be 37 if it (a deadly infectious disease mainly affecting children) struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. A. harmless B．helpless C．fearless D．careless 解析：由从句条件推知主句结果。由 “如果这种（主要传染给孩子的致命的）疾病袭击了这个镇子” 可推知，“Nome 镇的孩子们就会很无助了”，答案选 B。 条件关系 Looking around, he continued, “Cathy has inspired us with her will and enthusiasm. 33 skills and talents bring great success, the most valuable asset (财富) one can hold is the heart.” A. Although B．Since C．Once D．Because 解析：由主句 “the most valuable asset (财富) one can hold is the heart (然而，一个人拥有的最大财富是内心)” 可推知空格所在句句意为 “虽然或尽管技巧和天赋能带来巨大的成功”，答案选 A。 Hard though she tried to make the kids 40， the thunder won the battle for their attention. 40．A. concentrate B.change C．hide D．sit 解析：根据 though 可知，前后分句之间为让步关系。句意为 “尽管她尽力让孩子们集中注意力，雷声却吸引了孩子们的注意力”，所以答案选 A。 转折关系 We went 10—1 and I was named most valuable player, 48 I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s accident. A. and B．then C．but D．thus 解析：“我被命名为最有价值的运动员” 与 “我常做恶梦被责备” 是转折关系，答案选 C。 Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38, the closest supply was over 1, 000 miles away, in Anchorage. A. Moreover B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．However 解析：“韦尔奇医生迫切需要药品来预防小孩子们患病” 与 “最近的药品供应站也在一千英里之外的安克雷奇” 为转折关系，答案选 D。 The lessons they learned may not be 40 what they would have gotten in school，but are certainly more personal and meaningful，because they had to work them out on their own. 40．A. harmful to B．mixed with C．different from D．applied to 解析：由转折连词 but 后一分句可推知整句的句意为 “她们学到的经验可能与将在学校得到的并无区别 (different from)，但一定更加个性化，更有意义，因为她们必须靠自己来弄清楚”，答案选 C。 对比关系 The professor was deaf and any talking was prohibited. I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.58, if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less. A. Lastly B．Thus C．Instead D．However 解析：“I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant (我很快意识到安静不是不令人愉快的)” 和 “if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less (如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少)” 是对比关系，答案选 C。 Northern Europeans usually do not like having bodily contact (接触) even with friends, certainly not with strangers. People from Latin American countries，45, touch each other quite a lot. A. in other words B．on the other hand C．in a similar way D．By all means 解析：“拉丁美洲的人相互之间身体接触较多” 与前一句 “北欧人通常不喜欢身体的接触，即使是朋友，当然更不用说陌生人” 之间为对比关系，用 on the other hand (另一方面) 体现，答案选 B。 并列关系 Freddy was an average student, but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion（同情）. He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s_____46_____. A. misfortune B．disbelief C．dishonesty D．mistake 解析：根据并列连词 and 和前一分句中的 fun 以及 46 空前面的 saddest 判断，两分句之间的逻辑关系为并列关系，且是反义并列，答案选 A。 Then came the final awards ceremony at the end of the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to 30 her friends and praise their accomplishments. A. cheer on B．compete with C．respond to D．run after 解析：根据 “and praise their accomplishments” 可推知，30 空应为 “为某人鼓劲加油” 的意思，答案选 A。 递进关系 They had begun to integrate (融合) the kinds of play and teamwork they had seen the day before into their game. They played aggressively and 36 scored a goal. 36.A.even B.still C.seldom D.again 解析：前文提到她们把前一天从对手身上 “看到” 的技巧和合作精神融入到自己的比赛中，由 “她们表现得很有进攻性” 与 “(甚至) 还进了一球” 构成递进关系，答案选 A。 Whatever failures I suffer in my life, an ironed shirt tells me I am good at something. 46, through ironing I've learned the method for solving even the most troublesome problems. A. Instead B．Besides C．Otherwise D．However 解析：“无论我在生活中遇到什么失败，熨烫衣服说明我还有某种强项” 与 “(而且) 通过熨烫衣服，我已经学会了解决最难问题的方法” 之间为递进关系，答案选 B。 解释关系 In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of 51. For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the efforts of young people to change the world. A. praises B．invitations C．replies D．appointments 解析：由 for example 可知，两句之间为解释关系。结合后一句句意 “例如，她获得 2007 年度的 BRICK Award 大奖” 可知，51 空处应表示 “奖励” 的意思，答案选 A。 On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to cross a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most_____48_____ part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. A. shameful B．boring C．dangerous D．foolish 解析：空后的句子对 48 空所在句子进行了解释，由其解释内容可知 “这是旅途中最危险的一部分”，答案选 C。 顺序关系 In 1973, I was teaching elementary school. Each day, 27 kids entered “The Thinking Laboratory.”… Before the school year_____47_____, I gave the kids a special gift, … A. changed B．approached C．returned D．ended 解析：前文表明作者正在教小学，根据 “I gave the kids a special gift” 可知，从句应表示 “在本学年结束之前”，答案选 D。 A （2024高一下·甘肃兰州·学业考试）Responsibility is the good character of human race. However, in this world, few people have self-esteem, self-confidence, enterprising, compassion, perseverance, filial piety and kindness. The faucet (旋塞) has many uses: to provide water 1 the people. 2 , some people will turn on the faucet and are unwilling to turn it off. In the school, there are many classmates littering. This is a bad behavior. Littering garbage back to pollute the environment, making the campus unclean. It is 3 that there is a young man studying in the United States 4 has good grades in school and is also very smart and capable. After graduation, he thought he could find a good job with his knowledge and ability. However, he went to many companies and 5 rejected. When he asked 6 he was rejected, the reply he got was: Although you are very talented, you escaped the ticket 3 times. My company is 7 have talents and good quality such as integrity (正直). This is also a 8 . Do what you can do by yourself. The tasks assigned (分配) to you by the teacher 9 be done to the best of your ability. When you see a very 10 person, you will 11 think about his miserable life or continue to weave him in the future. This is your kind 12 . If you get a failing test paper, you will definitely push all the responsibilities to the teacher. It’s not right 13 this time. It’s 14 you don’t study hard to fail the exam. Classmates, let’s 15 action! Let us reinvigorate (使再振作) and change our bad ailments, not to litter and so on. Then, we can become a modern little citizen with a sense of responsibility. 1．A．to B．with C．for D．from 2．A．But B．However C．And D．While 3．A．said B．say C．speak D．spoken 4．A．where B．that C．while D．who 5．A．was B．is C．were D．are 6．A．how B．what C．why D．that 7．A．for B．with C．to D．from 8．A．blame B．responsibility C．duty D．onus 9．A．may B．should C．can D．must 10．A．miserable B．pity C．rich D．nasty 11．A．decidely B．rueful C．commiserative D．definitely 12．A．compassion B．concern C．solicitude D．feeling 13．A．on B．in C．at D．for 14．A．that B．becaue C．why D．were 15．A．put B．take C．in D．up 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。这篇文章主要讲述了责任是人的良好品质，但在现实生活中，很多人缺乏自尊、自信、进取心、同情心、毅力、孝顺和善良。文章通过举例说明，强调了责任的重要性。同时，文章也呼吁大家要尽自己的能力完成任务，对他人要有同情心，不要推卸责任。最后，号召大家行动起来，改掉坏习惯，成为有责任感的现代小公民。 1．考查介词词义辨析。句意：水龙头有很多用途：为人们提供水。A. to到；B. with带有；C. for为了；D. from从。句中“provide sth for sb”为固定短语，意为“为某人提供某物”，此处表示“给人们提供水”用for。故选C。 2．考查连词词义辨析。句意：然而，有些人会打开水龙头，不愿意关掉它。A. But但是；B. However然而；C. And和，并且；D. While当……的时候。根据“some people will turn on the faucet and are unwilling to turn it off”可知，此处与前文构成转折关系，表达“然而”同时用逗号与后句隔开应该使用副词however。故选B。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：据说有一个在美国留学的年轻人说，他在学校成绩很好，也很聪明，很有能力。A. said说（动词say的过去式和过去分词）；B. say说；C. speak说话；D. spoken说话（动词speak的过去分词）。句中it is said that为固定句式，意为“据说”。故选A。 4．考查定语从句引导词辨析。句意：同上。A. where在哪里；B. that那，哪个；C. while当...的时候；D. who谁。此处引导的是定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词a young man，用who引导。故选D。 5．考查动词时态辨析。句意：然而，他去了很多公司，都被拒绝了。A. was是（动词be的过去式）；B. is是（动词be的第三人称单数现在时）；C. were是（动词be的过去式复数）；D. are是（动词be的复数现在时）。根据下文“he was rejected”可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，句子的主语为he，系动词用was。故选A。 6．考查宾语从句引导词辨析。句意：当他问为什么被拒绝时，他得到的回答是：虽然你很有才华，但你三次逃过了罚单。A. how如何；B. what什么；C. why为什么；D. that那。根据“ the reply he got was”可知，此处表示“当他问为什么被拒绝时”，用why引导宾语从句。故选C。 7．考查介词词义辨析。句意：我公司的宗旨是有才华，也要有诚信等优良品质。A. for为了；B. with带有，和；C. to到；D. from从。根据“have talents and good quality”可知，此处应该用to构成不定式结构，作表语。故选C。 8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也是一种责任。A. blame责备；B. responsibility责任；C. duty职责；D. onus责任，负担。根据“such as integrity”可知，此处表示与“正直”并列的品质是“责任”。故选B。 9．考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：老师分配给你的任务应该尽你最大的努力去完成。A. may可能；B. should应该；C. can能够；D. must必须。根据“Do what you can do by yourself.”可知，此处表示对老师分配的任务应该尽最大的努力去完成。故选B。 10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你看到一个非常悲惨的人时，你肯定会想到他悲惨的生活，或者继续编织他在未来的故事。A. miserable悲惨的；B. pity怜悯；C. rich富有的；D. nasty令人厌恶的。根据“think about his miserable life”可知，当你看到一个非常悲惨的人时，你肯定会想到他悲惨的生活。故选A。 11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. decidedly明确地；B. rueful悔恨的；C. commiserative同情的；D. definitely明确地。根据“If you get a failing test paper, you will definitely push all the responsibilities to the teacher.”可知，此处和下文句式语气一致，表示当你看到一个非常悲惨的人时，你肯定会想到他悲惨的生活。故选D。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是你仁慈的怜悯。A. compassion同情；B. concern关心；C. solicitude关切；D. feeling感觉。根据“When you see a very  ____10____  person, you will  ____11____  think about his miserable life”可知，当你看到一个非常悲惨的人时，你肯定会想到他悲惨的生活，这是你仁慈的怜悯。故选A。 13．考查介词词义辨析。句意：此时这样做是不对的。A. on在……上；B. in在……里面；C. at在；D. for为了。at this time为固定短语，意为“此时”。故选C。 14．考查表语从句引导词。句意：因为你不努力学习，所以考试不及格。A. that那；B. because因为；C. why为什么；D. were是（动词be的过去式复数）。根据“you don’t study hard to fail the exam”可知，不努力学习是考试不及格的原因，用because引导表语从句。故选B。 15．考查动词和介词词义辨析。句意：同学们，让我们采取行动吧！A. put放；B. take拿，采取；C. in在……里面；D. up向上。此处“take action”为固定短语，意为“采取行动”。故选B。 B （2024高一下·广东佛山·学业考试）I was sixty-eight years old and retired when our church (教堂) joined a prison service group. We went on a tour of the women prison (监狱). The metal doors gave me a sense of 16 . I knew I couldn’t stand being locked behind those doors, 17 as a volunteer who knew she was getting out. Then Margo, a young but experienced volunteer in the prison, 18 me to be her partner. She felt she could 19 the women by speaking to their needs. Her positive attitude slowly built my 20 , and I accepted her invitation. Later, Margo and I scheduled our first visit. 21 , when we arrived at the prison, the women 22 to come out as they were watching TV. And when I arrived the next week for the second visit, I was told Margo couldn’t 23 ! How was I supposed to deal with them when she was absent? Waiting alone 24 , I almost jumped at the sound of the door unlocking. One by one, the women in orange entered the room. I saw daughters, mothers, and grandmothers. They had all once made bad decisions but they wanted to 25 . Suddenly, I felt no fear and couldn’t wait to share 26 words with these women. Before I knew it, our meeting had ended and the women were 27 me. Fifteen years have passed now and I 28 to go weekly to the prison. The greatest 29 is to hear them say “thanks, Granny Bev,” as they follow the guard back to their rooms, and I go through the 30 doors that once brought me fear. 16．A．curiosity B．fear C．surprise D．sadness 17．A．rarely B．especially C．even D．just 18．A．invited B．forced C．allowed D．hired 19．A．control B．influence C．cheat D．judge 20．A．capacity B．patience C．confidence D．reputation 21．A．Moreover B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．However 22．A．planned B．refused C．managed D．offered 23．A．stay B．speak C．come D．walk 24．A．nervously B．excitedly C．expectantly D．angrily 25．A．survive B．escape C．relax D．change 26．A．encouraging B．interesting C．polite D．tough 27．A．congratulating B．asking C．thanking D．observing 28．A．stop B．struggle C．forget D．continue 29．A．satisfaction B．interest C．disappointment D．wish 30．A．hidden B．same C．mental D．wooden 【答案】 16．B 17．C 18．A 19．B 20．C 21．D 22．B 23．C 24．A 25．D 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．B 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位68岁的退休女士在教堂的引导下成为监狱志愿者，克服恐惧与囚犯交流，最终帮助并改变她们的故事。 16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些金属门给我一种恐惧感。A. curiosity好奇；B. fear恐惧；C. surprise惊讶；D. sadness悲伤。根据下文“I knew I couldn’t stand being locked behind those doors”可知，作者害怕被关在门后，此处表示金属门给作者一种恐惧的感觉。故选B项。 17．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我知道我无法忍受被锁在那些门后面，即使是作为一名知道自己会出去的志愿者。A. rarely很少；B. especially尤其；C. even甚至，即使；D. just仅仅。根据下文“as a volunteer who knew she was getting out”以及语境可知，此处强调作者的恐惧感尤为强烈，即使知道自己会出去，依然无法忍受被锁在那些门后面。故选C项。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，玛戈，一个年轻但经验丰富的监狱志愿者，邀请我做她的搭档。A. invited邀请；B. forced强迫；C. allowed允许；D. hired雇佣。根据下文“I accepted her invitation.”可知，此处表示玛戈邀请作者成为她的搭档。故选A项。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她觉得通过满足她们的需求，可以说服这些女性。A. control控制；B. influence影响；C. cheat欺骗；D. judge判断。根据下文“by speaking to their needs”可知，玛戈希望通过满足需求来正面影响这些女性。故选B项。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她积极的态度慢慢建立了我的信心，我接受了她的邀请。A. capacity能力；B. patience耐心；C. confidence信心；D. reputation声誉。根据上文“Her positive attitude”可知，玛戈的积极态度让作者有了信心。故选C项。 21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们到达监狱时，女囚们因为正在看电视而拒绝出来。A. Moreover此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. However然而。根据上文“Later, Margo and I scheduled our first visit.”以及下文“ when we arrived at the prison, the women __7__ to come out as they were watching TV.”可知，前后文表示转折关系，此处应用However表示“然而”。故选D项。 22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我们到达监狱时，女囚们因为正在看电视而拒绝出来。A. planned计划；B. refused拒绝；C. managed设法；D. offered提供。根据下文“as they were watching TV”以及语境可知，她们因看电视而拒绝出来。故选B项。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我下周第二次去的时候，我被告知玛戈不能来了！A. stay停留；B. speak说话；C. come来；D. walk走路。根据下文“How was I supposed to deal with them when she was absent?”可知，玛戈不能来监狱了。故选C项。 24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我一个人紧张地等待着，门锁的声音几乎让我跳了起来。A. nervously紧张地；B. excitedly兴奋地；C. expectantly期待地；D. angrily生气地。根据下文“I almost jumped at the sound of the door unlocking.”以及语境可知，作者是紧张地等待。故选A项。 25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她们都曾做过错误的决定，但她们想要改变。A. survive生存；B. escape逃跑；C. relax放松；D. change改变。根据上文“They had all once made bad decisions but they wanted to”可知，此处表示这些女性虽然犯过错，但她们有改变的意愿。故选D项。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然间，我不再害怕，迫不及待地想与这些女性分享鼓励的话语。A. encouraging鼓励的；B. interesting有趣的；C. polite礼貌的；D. tough艰难的。根据上文“Suddenly, I felt no fear”可知，作者想要分享的是鼓励的话语。故选A项。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知不觉中，我们的见面结束了，女人们都在感谢我。A. congratulating祝贺；B. asking询问；C. thanking感谢；D. observing观察。根据下文“thanks, Granny Bev”可知，女人们在感谢作者。故选C项。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：十五年过去了，我仍然每周都去监狱。A. stop停止；B. struggle挣扎；C. forget忘记；D. continue继续。根据上文“Fifteen years have passed now”可知，作者持续这个行为长达十五年，一直在继续。故选D项。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最大的满足就是听到她们在狱警的带领下回房间时说：“谢谢，格兰尼·贝夫”，而我则穿过曾经让我恐惧的同样的大门。A. satisfaction满足；B. interest兴趣；C. disappointment失望；D. wish愿望。根据下文“to hear them say “thanks, Granny Bev,””可知，听到她们的感谢让作者感到满足。故选A项。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. hidden隐藏的；B. same同样的；C. mental精神的；D. wooden木制的。根据下文“doors that once brought me fear”可知，这里指的是作者最初感到恐惧的那些相同的门。故选B项。 C （2023高一下·吉林·学业考试）A young woman in her 20s was sitting on the train, next to her mother. They both looked tired but excited. The young woman was looking 31 from the train’s windows. Suddenly, she shouted “Mom, look, the trees are behind us!” Her voice was so 32 that everyone on the train heard. Mom smiled. But a young couple sitting nearby 33 the young woman’s childish behavior (行为) with pity. “ 34 young woman. There must be something wrong with her mind.” They thought. A while later, the young woman 35 again. And the mother seemed very happy with the young woman’s words. 36 the couple couldn’t help asking the old woman, “Sorry if we offend (冒犯) you. But why don’t you take your daughter to a good doctor? ” The old woman smiled and said, “Actually, we have just come from the 37 ” “Then you should go to a better one. Because it seems that your daughter’s situation hasn’t 38 ,” said one of them. They felt so bad for the old woman. “No, in fact I’m very happy with the treatment (治疗) ,” said the mother. “My daughter was 39 from birth. Today, she is seeing the world for the first time. ” Every single person has a story. Don’t judge (评判) people 40 you truly know them. The truth might surprise you. 31．A．in B．down C．out D．away 32．A．loud B．low C．gentle D．soft 33．A．arrived at B．looked at C．shouted at D．aimed at 34．A．Happy B．Smart C．Clever D．Poor 35．A．said B．asked C．shouted D．sang 36．A．Luckily B．Finally C．Sadly D．Probably 37．A．school B．factory C．hospital D．store 38．A．improved B．happened C．started D．kept 39．A．healthy B．deaf C．weak D．blind 40．A．since B．before C．after D．for 【答案】 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．D 35．C 36．B 37．C 38．A 39．D 40．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了火车上的年轻女人对窗外的景色表现出极大的兴奋。她的行为让附近的一对年轻夫妇感到不解。然而，女人的母亲解释说这是她的女儿出生以来第一次看见这个世界，她对一切都感到新奇和兴奋。 31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻的女人正从火车车窗向外看。A. in在……里面；B. down向下；C. out外面；D. away离开。根据下文“Mom, look, the trees are behind us!”可知，年轻的女人从火车车窗向外看外面的景色。故选C。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的声音如此大声，以至于火车上的每个人都听到了。A. loud大声的；B. low低的；C. gentle温和的；D. soft柔软的。根据下文“everyone on the train heard”可知，年轻女人的声音很大声。故选A。 33．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是坐在附近的一对年轻夫妇怜悯地看着这个年轻女人的幼稚行为。A. arrived at到达；B. looked at看；C. shouted at对……大喊；D. aimed at旨在。根据上文“sitting nearby”和下文“the young woman’s childish behavior”可知，附近的一对年轻夫妇看着年轻女人的幼稚行为。故选B。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“可怜的年轻女人，她的脑子一定有问题，”他们想。A. Happy高兴的；B. Smart聪明的；C. Clever聪明的；D. Poor可怜的。根据下文“There must be something wrong with her mind.”可知，年轻夫妇认为女人脑子有问题，觉得她可怜。故选D。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，年轻的女人又喊了起来。A. said说；B. asked问；C. shouted喊；D. sang唱。根据上文“Suddenly, she shouted”和下文“again”可推知，年轻女人又喊了起来。故选C。 36．考查副词词义辨析。句意：终于，这对夫妇忍不住问老妇人。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Finally终于；C. Sadly悲伤地；D. Probably可能。根据下文“the couple couldn’t help asking”可推知，这对夫妇终于忍不住了，想要问明情况。故选B。 37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：老妇人笑着说:“事实上，我们刚从医院回来。”A. school学校；B. factory工厂；C. hospital医院；D. store商店。根据上文“But why don’t you take your daughter to a-good doctor?”和下文“Actually, we have just come from...”可知，老妇人刚带着女儿从医院看医生回来。故选C。 38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“那么你应该去找一个更好的医生。因为你女儿的情况似乎没有好转，”其中一人说。A. improved好转；B. happened发生；C. started开始；D. kept保持。根据上文“Then you should go to a better one.”可推知，这对夫妇认为女人的情况并没有好转，所以建议老妇人带她去找一个更好的医生。故选A。 39．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我女儿出生就失明了。今天，她第一次看到这个世界。”A. healthy健康的；B. deaf聋的；C. weak虚弱的；D. blind失明的。根据下文“Today, she is seeing the world for the first time.”可知，今天是女人第一次看到这个世界，说明她天生就失明。故选D。 40．考查连词辨析。句意：在你真正了解他们之前，不要评判别人。A. since自从；B. before在……之前；C. after在……之后；D. for因为。根据上文可知，年轻夫妇在不知到女人具体病情的情况下，贸然提出自己的看法和建议，这是非常不妥的行为。所以作者指出：在你真正了解他们之前，不要评判别人。故选B。 D （2023高一上·广东佛山·学业考试）Imunek narrowly avoided a disaster last year. At that time, Imunek already had a 1 year old and was eight months pregnant with her second kid. She was still working her job as a bus driver for local 41 . The day was fairly 42 until a strange smell began to fill the 43 . “I had the driver window down and thought the 44 was coming from another car at first, but then smoke 45 coming through my heater, so I 46 ,” Imunek recalled. She 47 to use her radio phone to discuss the problem, but it didn’t take long for her to 48 that she didn’t have time for a 49 . Instead, she gathered the 37 kids she 50 , ranging from primary to high school, and got them off the bus as quickly and 51 as possible. Fifteen to thirty seconds after the 52 child got off the bus, the bus was on fire. Although Imunek breathed in a good amount of smoke, she and her baby were found to be 53 , as were all the children on her bus. To express their 54 , all of the children’s parents wrote thank you notes for the 55 bus driver. 41．A．workers B．travelers C．students D．villagers 42．A．tough B．challenging C．comfortable D．natural 43．A．bus B．car C．street D．world 44．A．smell B．smoke C．fire D．noise 45．A．stopped B．started C．continued D．tried 46．A．got off B．went away C．pulled over D．stood up 47．A．afforded B．agreed C．promised D．wanted 48．A．decide B．hope C．imagine D．record 49．A．chance B．lesson C．conversation D．task 50．A．chose B．taught C．knew D．carried 51．A．politely B．calmly C．actively D．easily 52．A．last B．first C．only D．slow 53．A．healthy B．weak C．attractive D．helpless 54．A．support B．thanks C．understanding D．worries 55．A．good-looking B．easy-going C．fast-talking D．quick-thinking 【答案】 41．C 42．D 43．A 44．A 45．B 46．C 47．D 48．A 49．C 50．D 51．B 52．A 53．A 54．B 55．D 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了校车司机Imunek在前往学校的路上发现加热器里冒出烟来，她反应迅速，让学生们下车，避免发生事故。 41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她仍在为当地学生当公交车司机。A. workers工人；B. travelers旅行者；C. students学生；D. villagers村民。由下文“Instead, she gathered the 37 kids she_________, ranging from primary to high school, and got them off the bus as quickly and ________ as possible.”可知，公交车上乘坐的是学生，由此可知，Imunek是校车司机，故选C。 42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一天是相当正常的，直到一种奇怪的气味开始充满了公共汽车。A. tough困难的；B. challenging具有挑战性的；C. comfortable舒服的；D. natural自然的，正常的。由上文“The day was fairly”和下文“until a strange smell began to fill”可知，这一天像往常一样很正常，直到公交车里有一股奇怪的味道，这使得这一天不寻常了，故选D。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一天是相当正常的，直到一种奇怪的气味开始充满了公共汽车。A. bus公交车；B. car汽车；C. street街道；D. world世界。由上文“She was still working her job as a bus driver”可知，公交车上充满了奇怪的味道，故选A。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Imunek回忆说:“我把驾驶员旁边的车窗摇下来，一开始以为是另一辆车的味道，但后来烟开始从我的加热器里冒出来，所以我把车停在路边。”A. smell味道；B. smoke烟；C. fire火；D. noise噪音。由上文“a strange smell”可知，此处smell是同词复现，指车里奇怪的味道，故选A。 45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Imunek回忆说:“我把驾驶员旁边的车窗摇下来，一开始以为是另一辆车的味道，但后来烟开始从我的加热器里冒出来，所以我把车停在路边。”A. stopped停下来；B. started开始；C. continued继续；D. tried尝试。由下文“coming through my heater”可知，烟开始从加热器里冒出来，故选B。 46．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Imunek回忆说:“我把驾驶员旁边的车窗摇下来，一开始以为是另一辆车的味道，但后来烟开始从我的加热器里冒出来，所以我把车停在路边。”A. got off下车；B. went away离开；C. pulled over靠边停车；D. stood up站起来。由上文“but then smoke ________ coming through my heater,”可知，烟开始从加热器里冒出来，所以Imunek把车停在路边，故选C。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意： 她想用无线电话来讨论这个问题，但没过多久，她就断定没有时间交谈了。A. afforded负担得起；B. agreed同意；C. promised承诺；D. wanted想要。由下文“to use her radio phone to discuss the problem”可知，Imunek想用无线电话来讨论这个问题，故选D。 48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她想用无线电话来讨论这个问题，但没过多久，她就断定没有时间交谈了。A. decide决定，断定；B. hope希望；C. imagine想象；D. record记录。由下文“that she didn’t have time for a______. ”可知，Imunek断定没有时间来进行交谈了，故选A。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她想用无线电话来讨论这个问题，但没过多久，她就断定没有时间交谈了。A. chance机会；B. lesson课；C. conversation交谈；D. task任务。由上文“use her radio phone to discuss the problem”可知，Imunek想用无线电话来讨论这个问题，即和他人进行交谈，来讨论这个问题，故选C。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：相反，她将从小学到高中的一直由她载运的37个孩子聚集在一起，尽可能快速而平静地让他们下车。A. chose选择；B. taught教；C. knew知道；D. carried运送，载运。由第一段中提到的“She was still working her job as a bus driver”可知，Imunek是校车司机，所以此处指她车里乘载着37个孩子，故选D。 51．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她将从小学到高中的一直由她载运的37个孩子聚集在一起，尽可能快速而平静地让他们下车。A. politely礼貌地；B. calmly冷静地；C. actively积极地；D. easily容易地。由上文“got them off the bus as quickly and”可知，加热器冒烟后，Imunek尽可能快速而平静地让孩子们下车，故选B。 52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后一个孩子下车后十五到三十秒，公共汽车着火了。A. last最后的；B. first第一的；C. only唯一的；D. slow慢的。由下文“child got off the bus, the bus was on fire.”可知，最后一名孩子下车后一小会，公交就着火了，故选A。 53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管Imunek吸入了大量的烟雾，但她和她的孩子很健康，她车上的所有孩子也都很健康。A. healthy健康的；B. weak虚弱的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. helpless无助的。由上文“Although Imunek breathed in a good amount of smoke, she and her baby were found to be”和下文“as were all the children on her bus.”可知，前后是转折关系，虽然Imunek吸入了大量的烟雾，但她和她肚子里的孩子很健康，而且她车上的所有孩子也都很健康。故选A。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了表达他们的谢意，所有孩子的家长都给这位思维敏捷的巴士司机写了感谢信。A. support支持；B. thanks感谢；C. understanding理解；D. worries担忧。由下文“all of the children’s parents wrote thank you notes”可知，孩子们的家长给Imunek写了感谢信来表达感谢，故选B。 55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了表达他们的谢意，所有孩子的家长都给这位思维敏捷的巴士司机写了感谢信。A. good-looking长得好看的；B. easy-going随和的；C. fast-talking快速说话的；D. quick-thinking脑子反应快的，思维敏捷的。由上文“Instead, she gathered the 37 kids she_________, ranging from primary to high school, and got them off the bus as quickly and ________ as possible. Fifteen to thirty seconds after the________ child got off the bus, the bus was on fire.”可知，公交车的加热器里冒出来烟，司机Imunek反应迅速，让孩子们下车，避免发生了一次事故，由此可知，Imunek思维敏捷，故选D。 E （22-23高一下·江西抚州·期中）Some years ago, I was invited to give a keynote speech at a high-level meeting. It was a great chance for me. I was 56 when I heard the news. 57 , since I gave a keynote speech for the first time, I 58 I wouldn’t perform well as expected. When I sat in the back waiting for my 59 , I felt nervous about how people would see me. I fixed my mind totally on “me”. I felt very uncomfortable. While looking through websites online, I read an interview with a famous psychologist 60 . He spoke about the pleasure of wishing others well and a wave of 61 swept over me. I recognized that the kindest thing I could do for myself was to 62 concentrating totally on “me” and instead try to be 63 to others. So I stayed focused on what could be useful to other people rather than how I was 64 . Surprisingly, my speech received great 65 . I understand that to get admiration, stop 66 it, to take care of yourself, you need to take care of others first. This 67 works for many people. It’s also 68 that you need to be kind to yourself because if your sense of being happy 69 , you’re more likely to be patient, supportive, forgiving, and loving. Nowadays, it seems as if people are 70 in a vast web since each person doesn’t live alone. No matter how good or bad it is, what you do to others certainly comes back to yourself. 56．A．positive B．disappointed C．excited D．sad 57．A．Otherwise B．Besides C．Therefore D．However 58．A．feared B．expected C．decided D．promised 59．A．chance B．turn C．dream D．choice 60．A．in exchange B．on purpose C．by accident D．for nothing 61．A．regret B．warmth C．pride D．relaxation 62．A．practise B．stop C．imagine D．consider 63．A．polite B．blind C．helpful D．known 64．A．coming across B．giving up C．figuring out D．putting down 65．A．praise B．benefit C．guidance D．challenge 66．A．changing B．making C．improving D．finding 67．A．habit B．rule C．result D．story 68．A．true B．easy C．surprising D．interesting 69．A．struggles B．changes C．matters D．increases 70．A．trapped B．controlled C．connected D．arranged 【答案】 56．C 57．D 58．A 59．B 60．C 61．D 62．B 63．C 64．A 65．A 66．D 67．B 68．A 69．D 70．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过一次做主题演讲意识到：要照顾好自己，你需要先照顾好别人。同时，你也需要善待自己，因为如果你的幸福感增加了，你就更有可能变得耐心、支持、宽容和爱。 56．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我听到这个消息时，我很兴奋。A. positive积极的；B. disappointed失望的；C. excited兴奋的；D. sad悲伤的。根据上一句“It was a great chance for me”可知，作者对得到这个机会一定感到激动。故选C项。 57．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于我是第一次做主题演讲，我担心自己的表现不能达到预期。A. Otherwise否则；B. Besides此外；C. Therefore因此；D. However然而。根据下文的内容“…since I gave a keynote speech for the first time, I 　　3　　I wouldn’t perform well as expected.”可知，作者是第一次做主题演讲，所以担心自己的表现不能达到预期，这和上一句表达激动的句子是一种转折关系。故选D项。 58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于我是第一次做主题演讲，我担心自己的表现不能达到预期。A. feared担心；B. expected期望；C. decided决定；D. promised承诺。根据句中的“since I gave a keynote speech for the first time”可知，因为这是作者第一次做主题演讲，所以肯定是担心自己的表现不能达到预期。故选A项 59．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我坐在后面等着轮到我的时候，我很紧张，不知道人们会怎么看我。A. chance时机；B. turn(依次轮到的)机会；C. dream梦想；D. choice选择。根据句中的wait for可知，作者是在等着轮到自己演讲。故选B项。 60．考查介词短语辨析。句意：我在网上浏览网站时，无意中看到一篇对一位著名心理学家的采访。A. in exchange交换；B. on purpose故意；C. by accident偶然；D. for nothing徒然。根据句中的“While looking through websites online…”可知，作者当时是在浏览网页，所以肯定是无意中看到一篇对一位著名心理学家的采访。故选C项。 61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他谈到了祝福别人的快乐，一股轻松的情绪席卷了我。A. regret后悔；B. warmth温暖；C. pride骄傲；D. relaxation松弛。根据上文的内容“He spoke about the pleasure of wishing others well”可知，作者看了心理学家所说的话，感到放松了。故选D项。 62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，我能为自己做的最好的事情就是停止完全专注于“我自己”，而是试着帮助别人。A. practise练习；B. stop停止；C. imagine想象；D. consider考虑。根据下文的“instead try to be 　　8　　 to others”可知，作者不再完全专注于“我自己”，而是试着帮助别人。故选B项。 63．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我能为自己做的最好的事情就是停止完全专注于“我自己”，而是试着帮助别人。A. polite礼貌的；B. blind盲的；C. helpful有帮助的；D. known已知的。根据上一句中的“He spoke about the pleasure of wishing others well…”和本句中的“I recognized that the kindest thing I could do for myself was to 　　7　　 concentrating totally on ‘me’…”可知，作者想到了试着帮助别人。故选C项。 64．考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以我一直专注于对别人有用的东西，而不是我给人的印象。A. coming across留下印象；B. giving up放弃；C. figuring out计算；D. putting down放下。根据上文的“So I stayed focused on what could be useful to other people rather than…”可知，作者不再专注于给人的印象，而是专注于对别人有用的东西。故选A项。 65．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，我的演讲受到了很大的赞扬。A. praise表扬；B. benefit益处；C. guidance指导；D. challenge挑战。根据下一句中的admiration可知，作者的演讲一定是得到了表扬。故选A项。 66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我明白，想要得到赞赏，就不要去追求它，要照顾好自己，首先要照顾好别人。A. changing更换；B. making制造；C. improving改进；D. finding发现。根据句意和句中的stop可知，此处是指要想得到赞赏，就不要刻意去追求它。故选D项。 67．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个规则对很多人都适用。A. habit习惯；B. rule规则；C. result结果；D. story故事。根据空格前的this可知，此处应该用rule指上文提到的“to get admiration, stop 　　11　　 it, to take care of yourself, you need to take care of others first”这一规则。故选B项。 68．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同样，你也需要善待自己，因为如果你的幸福感增加了，你就更有可能变得耐心、支持、宽容和爱。A. true确实的；B. easy简单的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. interesting有趣的。根据空格前的also可知，作者认为后面that从句的内容“you need to be kind to yourself because if your sense of being happy 　　14　　, you’re more likely to be patient, supportive, forgiving, and loving.”也是真实情况。故选A项。 69．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同样，你也需要善待自己，因为如果你的幸福感增加了，你就更有可能变得耐心、支持、宽容和爱。A. struggles斗争；B. changes变更；C. matters事项；D. increases增加。根据下文的内容“…you’re more likely to be patient, supportive, forgiving, and loving”可知，只有你的幸福感增加了，你才更有可能变得耐心、支持、宽容和爱。故选D项。 70．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，人们似乎都生活在一个巨大的网络中，因为每个人都不是独自生活。A. trapped受困的；B. controlled受控的；C. connected有关联的；D. arranged……布置的。根据下文的“since each person doesn’t live alone”可知生活在巨大的网络中的人们是互相联系的。故选C项。 F （2024高二下·福建·学业考试）My elder brother, Kevin, was always unkind to me. Sharing a bedroom with him was not 71 . When I was seven, my 72 took us to the swimming pool one day. I just learned how to 73 then, but Kevin could swim like a fish. My parents reminded Kevin to 74 me before we swam off. Kevin was unwilling to look after me, 75 he swam far away. I paddled (蹬水) in the water by myself. Somehow I 76 the line and moved into the grown- ups’ pool. The water became much 77 and my feet couldn’t touch the bottom. I was frightened and tried to call for help but 78 kept coming through my mouth and nose. Drowning (溺水) was such a 79 experience! Suddenly, someone saved me from the water and 80 me up. It was my brother Kevin! Hearing the 81 , my parents rushed to us. They were so concerned about me that they completely ignored Kevin. No one even 82 how he was feeling. Kevin felt wronged and suddenly began to cry, saying that my parents 83 loved me more than him. I finally understood why Kevin was so difficult. I felt 84 to have made him feel less important. We hugged him close, saying that we 85 him as much. From that day on, I have always got along well with my brother. 71．A．surprising B．enjoyable C．difficult 72．A．friends B．teachers C．parents 73．A．swim B．cook C．dance 74．A．look up to B．watch out for C．keep away from 75．A．but B．if C．so 76．A．crossed B．tied C．cut 77．A．warmer B．cleaner C．deeper 78．A．air B．water C．rubbish 79．A．terrible B．boring C．wonderful 80．A．beat B．blew C．brought 81．A．noise B．song C．cheer 82．A．explained B．asked C．doubted 83．A．never B．seldom C．always 84．A．calm B．sorry C．excited 85．A．loved B．served C．pushed 【答案】 71．B 72．C 73．A 74．B 75．C 76．A 77．C 78．B 79．A 80．C 81．A 82．B 83．C 84．B 85．A 【导语】本文是记叙文。作者觉得哥哥Kevin对自己不友好，后来哥哥救了差一点溺水的作者，作者了解到哥哥是爱自己的。哥哥认为父母更爱作者，最终一家人拥抱在一起，告诉Kevin他们一样爱他。从那一天起，作者与哥哥相处很好。 71．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与他共享一个卧室不是令人愉快的。A. surprising令人吃惊的；B. enjoyable令人愉快的；C. difficult困难的。根据上文“My elder brother, Kevin, was always unkind to me.”可知，哥哥对作者不友好，因此和哥哥共享房间并不是很愉快 (enjoyable) 。故选B。 72．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我七岁的时候，有一天我的父母带我们去游泳池。A. friends朋友；B. teachers教师；C. parents父母。根据下文“My parents reminded Kevin to 　　4　　 me before we swam off.”可知，此处说的是父母 (parents)带我们去游泳。故选C。 73．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那时我刚学会游泳，但凯文游得像鱼一样好。A. swim游泳；B. cook烹饪；C. dance跳舞。根据上文“took us to the swimming pool”可知，此处说得是作者学习游泳 (swim)。故选A。 74．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我们离开游泳安全区之前，我父母提醒凯文关注我。A. look up to尊敬；B. watch out for密切注意；提防；C. keep away from远离；回避。根据下文“Kevin was unwilling to look after me,”可知，父母让哥哥照看 (watch out for) 我。故选B。 75．考查连词词义辨析。句意：凯文不愿意照顾我，因此他游得很远。A. but但是；B. if如果；C. so因此。根据上下文语境可知，Kevin不情愿照看我，因此他游走了，前后文是因果关系。故选C。 76．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知怎么的，我越过了那条线，进入了成年人的池子。 A. crossed超过；超出；B. tied捆绑；C. cut切；割。根据下文“moved into the grown- ups’ pool”可知，不知怎的作者越过边线进入成人池。故选A。 77．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这里的水深得多，我的脚够不着底。A. warmer更温暖的；B. cleaner更干净的；C. deeper更深的。根据下文“my feet couldn’t touch the bottom”,作者进入成人池，水变得更深 (deeper)。故选C。 78．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很害怕，试图呼救，但水一直流进我的嘴巴和鼻子。A. air空气；B. water水；C. rubbish垃圾。根据下文“Drowning”可知，作者试图呼救可是水 (water) 进到嘴和鼻子里。故选B。 79．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：溺水是非常可怕的经历！ A. terrible糟糕的、可怕的；B. boring无趣的；C. wonderful令人惊叹的。根据上文“I was frightened”和常识可知，溺水是可怕的 (terrible) 经历，故选A。 80．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，有人把我从水里带了上来。A. beat打；B. blew吹；C. brought带来。根据上文“someone saved me from the water”可知，有人把作者从水里带了出来。故选C。 81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到喧闹声，我的父母冲了过来。A. noise喧闹声；B. song歌曲；C. cheer欢呼声。根据下文“my parents rushed to us.”和常识，作者溺水了，人群肯定有喧闹声，父母听到声音冲向我们。故选A。 82．考查动词词义辨析。句意：甚至没有人问他感觉如何。A. explained解释；B. asked询问；C. doubted怀疑。根据上文“they completely ignored Kevin”可知，没有人问 (asked) Kevin的感受。故选B。 83．考查副词词义辨析。句意：凯文觉得很委屈，突然哭了起来，说我的父母总是爱我胜过爱他。A. never从不；B. seldom很少；C. always总是。根据上文“Kevin felt wronged and suddenly began to cry”可知，Kevin说父母总是 (always) 更爱作者。故选C。 84．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很抱歉让他觉得自己不那么重要了。A. calm镇静的；B. sorry抱歉的；C. excited激动的。根据上文“I finally understood why Kevin was so difficult.”可在，作者理解Kevin，因此对让他感到自己不重要觉得抱歉 (sorry)。故选B。 85．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们紧紧地拥抱着他，说我们也同样爱他。A. loved爱；B. served服务；C. pushed推。根据上文“We hugged him close”可在，一家人拥抱在一起，告诉Kevin我们同样爱 (loved) 他。故选A。 G （2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）On 17 March, 476 students and 36 teachers at Falmont Primary School escaped an earthquake that hit the country at 2:27 p.m. Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, was 86 when the floor began to shake. Her students’ 87 was quick and correct — they moved under their desks, head first and 88 the legs of the desks. At the same time, Miss Brown 89 opened the classroom door, in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open. There were loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground, but the students remained still and 90 calmly and quietly. The moment the shaking stopped, Ming Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to 91 . She signalled to her students to exit the 92 in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands. Within one minute and twenty seconds, the whole classes went down the stairs and 93 to the playground. Soon students from other classes arrived too. After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they 94 , laughing, crying and hugging each other. “We practise earthquake safety, procedures twice a year,” said Miss Brown, “so the kids were 95 enough to protect themselves during the earthquake.” 86．A．teaching B．playing C．cooking D．exercising 87．A．preparation B．reaction C．communication D．explanation 88．A．held on to B．caught sight of C．took apart D．put aside 89．A．suddenly B．quickly C．carelessly D．secretly 90．A．stood B．slept C．waited D．moved 91．A．study B．perform C．question D．escape 92．A．library B．gym C．hall D．classroom 93．A．rushed B．walked C．wandered D．flooded 94．A．sighed B．struggled C．relaxed D．hesitated 95．A．energetic B．curious C．calm D．patient 【答案】 86．A 87．B 88．A 89．B 90．C 91．D 92．D 93．A 94．C 95．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Falmont小学的学生和老师在地震中迅速、冷静地采取了安全措施，成功逃生并全部安全无恙。这得益于学校每年两次的地震安全演练，使得学生们在地震发生时能够迅速做出正确的反应，保护自己。 86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地板开始摇晃时，Falmont小学的班主任Alice Brown正在教学。A. teaching教学；B. playing玩耍；C. cooking烹饪；D. exercising锻炼。根据“head teacher”和下文“ Miss Brown ____4____ opened the classroom door”可知，当地面开始摇晃时，Alice Brown正在教学。故选A。 87．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的学生们的反应是迅速而正确的——他们移动到课桌下面，头朝前，抓住课桌腿。A. preparation准备；B. reaction反应；C. communication交流；D. explanation解释。根据后文“they moved under their desks, head first and  ____3____  the legs of the desks.”可知，面对突然来袭的地震，学生们移动到课桌下面，头朝前，抓住课桌腿即他们的反应迅速。故选B。 88．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. held on to抓住；B. caught sight of看见；C. took apart拆开；D. put aside留出。根据“the legs of the desks”可知，学生们抓住课桌腿。故选A。 89．考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，Brown小姐迅速打开教室的门，以防它在摇晃中损坏而打不开。A. suddenly突然；B. quickly快速地；C. carelessly粗心大意地；D. secretly秘密地。根据“in case it became damaged during the shaking and could not open.”可知，Brown小姐迅速打开教室的门，以防它在摇晃中损坏而打不开。故选B。 90．考查动词词义辨析。句意：玻璃破碎的声音很响，东西掉在地上，但学生们仍然静静地等待着。A. stood站立；B. slept睡觉；C. waited等待；D. moved移动。根据“but the students remained still”可知，学生们仍然静静地等待着。故选C。 91．考查动词词义辨析。句意：震动停止的那一刻，Ming Brown意识到这是全班逃生的最佳时机。A. study学习；B. perform表演；C. question提问；D. escape逃跑。根据“The moment the shaking stopped”可知，震动停止的那一刻，Ming Brown意识到这是全班逃生的最佳时机。故选D。 92．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她示意学生们用手捂着头有序地离开教室。A. library图书馆；B. gym体育馆；C. hall大厅；D. classroom教室。根据“Alice Brown, head teacher at Falmont Primary School, was  ____1____  when the floor began to shake.”可知，地震发生时，老师和学生们正在教室里上课，因此地震停止时，学生们应该有序地离开教室。故选D。 93．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不到1分20秒，全班同学都跑下楼梯，冲向操场。A. rushed冲；B. walked走；C. wandered徘徊；D. flooded淹没。根据“Within one minute and twenty seconds, the whole classes went down the stairs”可知，不到1分20秒，全班同学都跑下楼梯，冲向操场。故选A。 94．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们放松下来，笑着，哭着，互相拥抱。A. sighed叹气；B. struggled挣扎；C. relaxed放松；D. hesitated犹豫。根据“After a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound,”可知，在点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，他们放松下来。故选C。 95．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Brown老师说：“我们每年两次练习地震安全程序，所以孩子们在地震中能够足够冷静地保护自己。”A. energetic有活力的；B. curious好奇的；C. calm平静的；D. patient耐心的。根据“We practise earthquake safety, procedures twice a year,”以及上文地震发生时同学们的反应可知，每年两次练习地震安全程序，所以面对地震孩子们足够冷静保护自己。故选C。 H （2024高二上·广东·学业考试）It was a sunny day. Kate was jumping rope in front of her house. She had all the time in the world to 96 her jumping. The jump rope was 97 to her. It was a birthday 98 from her grandma, who spent several nights 99 making it perfect. As Kate was jumping, a teenage boy 100 to her from across the road. “Give me that,” he shouted and 101 the jump rope from Kate’s hands and ran away. 102 and angry, Kate ran after the boy, hoping to get it back. “What a 103 boy,” thought Kate. She ran all the way to a park and finally 104 the boy. There, she saw a younger child 105 in the pond(池塘). The boy threw an end of the jump rope to the child and pulled the child onto the bank. Kate walked up to them and asked if they needed any 106 . “All good. Thank you,” said the boy. Handing the jump rope back to Kate, he 107 , “I’m sorry if I frightened you just now, but I was in a 108 . The rope was a big help. ” Back home, Kate told her grandma that the rope had helped 109 a child in the park. She smiled 110 as she thought of the part her jump rope had played. 96．A．show B．enjoy C．record D．prepare 97．A．short B．strong C．special D．strange 98．A．gift B．card C．cake D．party 99．A．freely B．quickly C．anxiously D．tirelessly 100．A．rode B．drove C．jumped D．rushed 101．A．stole B．took C．received D．borrowed 102．A．Tired B．Touched C．Shocked D．Excited 103．A．lonely B．helpless C．careless D．horrible 104．A．caught up with B．argued with C．shouted at D．got away from 105．A．swimming B．struggling C．playing D．rowing 106．A．help B．time C．money D．advice 107．A．warned B．shouted C．ordered D．apologized 108．A．way B．mess C．hurry D．minute 109．A．save B．find C．lead D．train 110．A．bravely B．proudly C．curiously D．nervously 【答案】 96．B 97．C 98．A 99．D 100．D 101．B 102．C 103．D 104．A 105．B 106．A 107．D 108．C 109．A 110．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Kate在家门前跳绳的时候，一个男孩从她手中抢走了绳子，原来这个男孩是用这个绳子去救溺水的孩子了，Kate为自己的绳子发挥了作用感到自豪。 96．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她有世界上所有的时间来享受跳绳的乐趣。A. show表现；B. enjoy享受……的乐趣；C. record记录；D. prepare准备。根据上文中的“Kate was jumping rope in front of her house.(Kate正在她家门口跳绳。)”可知，Kate在跳绳，这说明她享受这个游戏的乐趣。故选B。 97．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：跳绳对她来说很特别。A. short短的；B. strong强壮的；C. special特殊的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文中的“It was a birthday 　　3　　from her grandma, who spent several nights 　　4　　making it perfect.”可知，这个跳绳是奶奶为她制作的，所以有特别意义。故选C。 98．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是她奶奶给的生日礼物，她花了几个晚上不知疲倦地把它做得完美。A. gift礼物；B. card卡片；C. cake蛋糕；D. party聚会。根据空前的“It was a birthday”可知，这个跳绳是奶奶送给她的生日礼物。故选A。 99．考查副词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. freely自由地；B. quickly迅速地；C. anxiously焦虑地；D. tirelessly不知疲倦地。根据空前的“spent several nights”可知，奶奶花了好几个晚上不知疲倦地制作这根跳绳。故选D。 100．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Kate跳绳的时候，一个十几岁的男孩从马路对面冲向她。A. rode骑；B. drove驾驶；C. jumped跳跃；D. rushed冲，奔。根据下文中的““Give me that,” he shouted and 　　6　　the jump rope from Kate’s hands and ran away.”和“The boy threw an end of the jump rope to the child and pulled the child onto the bank.”可知，这个男孩抢绳子是为了救溺水的孩子，所以他应是急急忙忙地冲过来。故选D。 101．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“给我，”他喊道，从Kate手中拿走了跳绳，跑开了。A. stole偷；B. took拿走；C. received接收；D. borrowed借。根据句中的“Give me that”和下文中的“Kate ran after the boy, hoping to get it back”可知，这个男孩是当面从Kate手里拿走绳子的。故选B。 102．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Kate既震惊又愤怒，追着男孩跑，希望把它拿回来。A. Tired疲倦的；B. Touched感动的；C. Shocked震惊的；D. Excited兴奋的。根据空后的“and angry”并结合常识可知，面对这个男孩突如其来地抢走绳子，Kate既震惊又愤怒。故选C。 103．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“真是个可恶的男孩，”Kate想道。A. lonely孤独的；B. helpless无助的；C. careless粗心的；D. horrible可恶的。根据上文中的“　　7　　and angry, Kate ran after the boy, hoping to get it back.”可知，这个男孩抢走了Kate的绳子，让Kate又惊又怒，觉得这个男孩非常可恶。故选D。 104．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她一路跑到公园，终于追上了那个男孩。A. caught up with追上，赶上；B. argued with和……争论；C. shouted at冲……大喊；D. got away from摆脱。根据上文中的“Kate ran after the boy”和空前的“finally”可知，Kate终于追上了那个男孩。故选A。 105．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她看到一个年幼的孩子在池塘里挣扎。A. swimming游泳；B.struggling挣扎；C. playing玩耍；D. rowing划（船）。根据下文中的“The boy threw an end of the jump rope to the child and pulled the child onto the bank.”可知，这个男孩用跳绳把小孩拖上了岸，这说明这个小孩溺水了，在水里挣扎。故选B。 106．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kate走到他们跟前，问他们是否需要帮助。A. help帮助；B. time时间；C. money钱；D. advice建议。根据空前的“asked if they needed any”可知，看到小孩被救上来，Kate询问他们是否需要帮助。故选A。 107．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把跳绳递给Kate，道歉道：“很抱歉刚才吓到你了，但我赶时间。跳绳帮了大忙。”A. warned警告；B. shouted大声说，叫；C. ordered命令；D. apologized道歉。根据“I’m sorry...”可知，这个男孩项Kate道歉了。故选D。 108．考查名词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. way方法；B. mess肮脏，杂乱；C. hurry匆忙，急促；D. minute分钟。根据空前的“I was in a”并结合常识可知，这个男孩急着要救人，所以当时仓促地抢走了Kate的跳绳。in a hurry意为“仓促”故选C。 109．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家，Kate告诉奶奶，这根绳子在公园里救了一个孩子。A. save救；B. find发现；C. lead领路；D. train训练。根据上文中的“The boy threw an end of the jump rope to the child and pulled the child onto the bank.”可知，这根绳子救了这个小孩。故选A。 110．考查副词词义辨析。句意：想到跳绳所起的作用，她骄傲地笑了。A. bravely勇敢地；B. proudly自豪地；C. curiously好奇地；D. nervously紧张地。根据“as she thought of the part her jump rope had played”可知，Kate为这根跳绳发挥了救命的作用而感到自豪。故选B。 I （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）I was driving my daughter to the nearest airport. It was a 3-hour 111 , so after dropping her off at the 112 , my sons and I stopped at a McDonalds to have lunch. After finding a table, I went up to order our 113 . Most of the workers there were teenagers. Working at the cash register (收银台), 114 , was an elder lady. Each person that 115 to give their order was given a huge smile and a few kind words. It 116 my heart to see how she made people happy in with her good cheer. When it was my 117 to order, I smiled back and told her that she had the sweetest smile I’d 118 seen. She laughed, patted me on the hand and 119 , “No extra charge, sweetie!” When I was 120 home I could still feel her 121 in my heart and see her smile in my mind. And I could feel my own face smiling too. When we drove back to pick up my 122 a few days later, we stopped at the McDonalds again. I 123 the lady with the sweet smile but she was nowhere to be seen. Maybe she wasn’t 124 that day or maybe she had moved on to bless others with her smile somewhere else. Either way I wished her well. Remembering our 125 meeting always brings a smile back to my face. 111．A．trip B．speech C．activity 112．A．station B．airport C．show 113．A．products B．drinks C．food 114．A．instead B．however C．thus 115．A．came up B．looked up C．broke up 116．A．warmed B．hurt C．troubled 117．A．birthday B．turn C．check 118．A．never B．ever C．seldom 119．A．mailed B．recited C．said 120．A．walking B．running C．driving 121．A．kindness B．attention C．weight 122．A．assistant B．daughter C．niece 123．A．picked up B．looked for C．chatted with 124．A．working B．worrying C．lying 125．A．daily B．secret C．brief 【答案】 111．A 112．B 113．C 114．B 115．A 116．A 117．B 118．B 119．C 120．C 121．A 122．B 123．B 124．A 125．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在麦当劳点餐时遇见了一位总是面带微笑的女收银员的故事。 111．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一段3小时的旅程，所以把女儿送到机场后，我和儿子们在麦当劳停下来吃午饭。A. trip旅行；B. speech演讲；C. activity活动。根据上文“I was driving my daughter to the nearest airport.”可知，此处指的是一段驾驶的旅程。故选A。 112．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. station车站；B. airport机场；C. show展览。根据上文提到的“driving my daughter to the nearest airport”可知，此处指的是将女儿送到机场。故选B。 113．考查名词词义辨析。句意：找到桌子后，我上前点我们的食物。A. products产品；B. drinks饮料；C. food食物。根据上文“my sons and I stopped at a McDonalds to have lunch. After finding a table, I went up to order our”可知，他们在麦当劳停下来是为了吃午餐，因此这里应是点食物。故选C。 114．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在收银台工作的是一个年长的女士。A. instead相反；B. however然而；C. thus因此。根据上文“Most of the workers there were teenagers.”以及下文“was an elder lady.”可知，上文提到大多数员工都是青少年，而在收银台工作的是一位年长的女士，上下文形成转折，因此用however表示“然而”。故选B。 115．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每个上来点餐的人都会得到一个大大的微笑和几句亲切的话。A. came up走近，发生；B. looked up查找；C. broke up破裂。根据下文“to give their order was given a huge smile and a few kind words.”以及常识可知，这里指的是顾客走近收银台准备点餐。故选A。 116．考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到她如何用她的快乐让别人开心，我心里暖暖的。A. warmed使温暖；B. hurt伤害；C. troubled麻烦。根据下文“my heart to see how she made people happy in with her good cheer.”可知，这位女士的行为让作者感到心里温暖。故选A。 117．考查名词词义辨析。句意：轮到我点餐时，我也回以微笑，并告诉她，她有着我见过的最甜美的笑容。A. birthday生日；B. turn次序；C. check检查。根据上文“I went up to order our  ___3___ .”可知，作者在排队点餐，此处表示轮到作者点餐，it’s one’s turn to do sth.表示“轮到某人做某事”。故选B。 118．考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. never从不；B. ever曾经；C. seldom很少。根据上文“I smiled back and told her that she had the sweetest smile”以及语境可知，此处表示作者对收银员说这是自己曾经见过的最甜美的笑容。故选B。 119．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她笑了，拍拍我的手说：“亲爱的，不额外收费！”A. mailed邮寄；B. recited背诵；C. said说。根据下文“No extra charge, sweetie!”可知，空后是直接引语，这里是收银员说的内容。故选C。 120．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我开车回家时，我仍然能感受到她在我心中的善良，也能在我的脑海中看到她的微笑。A. walking步行；B. running跑步；C. driving驾驶。根据上文“I was driving my daughter”可知，作者是开车去的，因此这里是开车回家。故选C。 121．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. kindness善良；B. attention注意力；C. weight重量。根据上文“Each person that  ___5___  to give their order was given a huge smile and a few kind words.”以及语境可知，这里指的是那位女士给作者留下的善良印象。故选A。 122．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天后我们开车回去接我女儿时，我们又在麦当劳停了下来。A. assistant助理；B. daughter女儿；C. niece侄女。根据上文“I was driving my daughter to the nearest airport.”可知，作者送女儿去机场，这里应该是接女儿回来。故选B。 123．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我寻找那位带着甜美微笑的女士，但她不见了。A. picked up捡起；B. looked for寻找；C. chatted with与……聊天。根据下文“the lady with the sweet smile but she was nowhere to be seen.”可知，作者是在寻找之前遇到的那位女士。故选B。 124．考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许那天她不上班，或者她带着微笑去别的地方祝福别人了。A. working工作；B. worrying担忧；C. lying躺。根据上文“but she was nowhere to be seen”可知，作者没有找到那位女士，推测那天那位女士可能没有在工作。故选A。 125．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回想起我们短时间的相遇，总会让我脸上重新绽放笑容。A. daily每日的；B. secret秘密的；C. brief短时间的。根据上文“Working at the cash register (收银台),  ___4___ , was an elder lady.”以及常识可知，作者与这位女士在麦当劳点餐时遇见，这是短时间的相遇。故选C。 J （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）I was overweight most of my life. Everything I really knew about myself was 126 on my size. It was really a 127 experience being a fat woman. However, everything changed after my drastic (极端的) weight 128 five years ago. I often took a look at myself in a 129 as I passed by in a department store and questioned, “Who is that girl?” It wasn’t for a 130 of having mirrors in my house and not looking into the mirror on a 131 basis. My old mental programming (心理程序) still 132 myself as 300 pounds. Even five years after losing all of the weight, I still 133   myself thinking, “Who is that girl?” When I’m not expecting to see myself in a mirror or photograph, it’s a total 134 that I look the way that I do. I’d like to think that this is something my mind will finally get used to, but after five 135 , it still hasn’t. I lived in a neighborhood that had a small 136 , at which the same cashiers (收银员) always seemed to work there. The cashiers pretty much always 137 me when I weighed 300 pounds. I was never 138 with a “Hello, how are you doing today? Did you find everything OK?” Even just saying “hi” would have been nice. I grew to 139 shopping there. After I took the weight off, the cashiers were warmer and kinder to me. These were the same cashiers as before, 140 they were friendly to the smaller me. 126．A．fed B．put C．centered 127．A．forgettable B．regretful C．painful 128．A．loss B．rise C．discovery 129．A．row B．mirror C．war 130．A．piece B．series C．lack 131．A．huge B．regular C．tough 132．A．troubles B．regards C．stops 133．A．find B．train C．allow 134．A．shock B．suggestion C．joy 135．A．months B．years C．days 136．A．hospital B．school C．store 137．A．proved B．ignored C．annoyed 138．A．greeted B．compared C．presented 139．A．dislike B．addict C．cancel 140．A．so B．and C．but 【答案】 126．C 127．C 128．A 129．B 130．C 131．B 132．B 133．A 134．A 135．B 136．C 137．B 138．A 139．A 140．C 【导语】本文 一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者长期超重，对自己的认知主要基于体型。作为肥胖女性的经历让她感到困扰。五年前体重急剧下降后，一切发生了变化。尽管减重成功，作者仍难以适应镜中或照片中的自己。作者还提到，之前在同一超市购物时，收银员对她态度冷淡，而减重后他们变得友好温暖。 126．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我所真正了解的关于我自己的一切都集中在我的体型上。A. fed喂养；B. put放；C. centered以……为中心。根据上文“I was overweight most of my life.”和“Everything I really knew about myself”可推知，作者之前一直很胖，所以关于自己的认知都与自己的肥胖和体型有关，以自己的体型为中心和关注点；center on“以……为中心；集中在……”。故选C项。 127．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个胖女人，这是一段痛苦的经历。A. forgettable容易忘记的；B. regretful后悔的；C. painful痛苦的。根据上文“I was overweight most of my life.”和“being a fat woman”可知，作者大多数时候都很胖，结合选项，这是一种痛苦的经历。故选C项。 128．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，五年前我急剧减重之后，一切都变了。A. loss减少；B. rise上升；C. discovery发现。根据上文“Even five years after losing all of the weight, I still 7 myself thinking”可知，五年前作者减肥成功，体重减少。故选A项。 129．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常在百货商店经过镜子时，会看看镜子里的自己，并问：“那个女孩是谁？”A. row行；B. mirror镜子；C. war战争。根据上文“took a look at myself”和下文“passed by in a department store”可推知，作者在百货商店的镜子里看到自己。故选B项。 130．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这并不是因为我家里没有镜子，也不是因为我不经常照镜子。A. piece片，块；B. series系列；C. lack缺乏。根据上文“Who is that girl?”可知，作者似乎不认识镜子里的自己，结合下文“My old mental programming (心理程序) still 8 myself as 300 pounds.”可知，作者不认识镜子里的自己是因为以前的心理模式仍然认为我自己重300磅，而不是因为家里缺镜子。故选C项。 131．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. huge巨大的；B. regular经常的；C. tough困难的。根据上文“having mirrors in my house”可知，家里的镜子可以经常照；on a regular basis“定期地，经常地”。故选B项。 132．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以前的心理模式仍然认为我自己重300磅。A. troubles麻烦；B. regards认为；C. stops停止。根据上文“old mental programming (心理程序)”和“still”可推知，虽然作者减肥成功，但以前的心理模式仍然认为自己还是300磅的胖子。故选B项。 133．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使在减掉所有体重五年后，我仍然发现自己在想：“那个女孩是谁？”A. find发现；B. train训练；C. allow允许。根据下文“myself thinking, “Who is that girl?””可知，作者发现自己仍然不认可减肥成功的自己。故选A项。 134．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我不期望在镜子或照片中看到自己时，我看起来像我所做的那样，这是一件令人震惊的事情。A. shock震惊；B. suggestion建议；C. joy快乐。根据上文“I still find myself thinking, ‘Who is that girl?’”可知，当作者突然看到镜子里自己现在的样子时，会感到震惊。故选A项。 135．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想这是我的大脑最终会习惯的事情，但五年后，它仍然没有。A. months月；B. years年；C. days天。根据上文“Even five years after losing all of the weight, I still 7 myself thinking”可知，五年后，作者的大脑仍然没有习惯。故选B项。 136．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我住在一个有一个小商店的社区，同一个收银员似乎总是在那里工作。A. hospital医院；B. school学校；C. store商店。根据上文“a neighborhood”和下文“at which the same cashiers (收银员)”可推知，收银员在社区小商店上班。故选C项。 137．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我重300磅的时候，收银员几乎总是忽视我。A. proved证明；B. ignored忽视；C. annoyed使生气。根据下文“After I took the weight off, the cashiers were warmer and kinder to me. These were the same cashiers as before, 15 they were friendly to the smaller me.”可知，收银员在作者减肥之前并不友好，总是忽略她。故选B项。 138．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从来没有人问候过我：“你好，你今天过得怎么样？你一切都好吗？”A. greeted问候；B. compared比较；C. presented呈现。根据“Hello, how are you doing today? Did you find everything OK?”可知，这些是问候的话语，而作者从来没有被收银员问候过。故选A项。 139．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始不喜欢在那里购物了。A. dislike不喜欢；B. addict上瘾；C. cancel取消。根据上文“The cashiers pretty much always 11 me when I weighed 300 pounds.”可知，之前收银员总是忽视作者，所以作者开始不喜欢在那里购物了。故选A项。 140．考查连词词义辨析。句意：这些是以前的收银员，但是他们对瘦下来的我比较友好。A. so因此；B. and和；C. but但是。根据上文“These were the same cashiers as before”和下文“they were friendly to the smaller me”可知，同样的收银员对作者前后态度完全不同，上下文之间有转折关系。故选C项。 K （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）When Aly Stosz was in kindergarten, she was taller than the rest of her class. During primary school, her 141 never slowed. When she was in high school, she began to grow slowly. Years later in 2013, Aly 142 6 feet 9 inches tall. 143 activities like shopping for clothes and shoes can be stressful for Aly because she struggles to find anything that 144 properly on her. Most items that are sold as dresses end up becoming shirts for her, and it’s a 145 if a store ever has a pair of pants long enough for her legs. But, through all of these struggles, Aly has learned to 146 the body she’s been given and to walk with confidence. Loving her height wasn’t always a(n) 147 thing to do. As a young girl, Aly was 148 for her height and called “monster”. This caused a lot of 149 and struggle as she grew up. 150 , she realized that most people were 151 ways to stand out and be different, and here she was born with her own unique 152 ! These days Aly is strong and 153 . She focuses on holding her head up high. She also made sure to surround herself with people who praise her 154 and beauty. Watching this interview of Aly is inspiring and 155 . 141．A．speech B．growth C．pace 142．A．reached B．covered C．won 143．A．Kind B．Local C．Normal 144．A．focuses B．bets C．fits 145．A．wonder B．shame C．sign 146．A．recover B．accept C．establish 147．A．easy B．right C．enjoyable 148．A．paid back B．laughed at C．turned down 149．A．attention B．pain C．excitement 150．A．Finally B．However C．Instead 151．A．giving up B．looking up C．searching for 152．A．talent B．creativity C．look 153．A．confident B．fat C．slim 154．A．birthday B．strength C．wedding 155．A．encouraging B．surprising C．worrying 【答案】 141．B 142．A 143．C 144．C 145．A 146．B 147．A 148．B 149．B 150．A 151．C 152．C 153．A 154．B 155．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一位身高6英尺9英寸的女孩Aly Stosz在小时候因为身高遭受嘲笑和困扰，但她长大后意识到自己独特的外貌是上天赐予的礼物，开始爱自己的身高并积极面对生活中的挑战。她努力寻找合适的衣服和鞋子，并围绕自己建立了一个支持她的朋友圈。 141．考查名词词义辨析。句意：小学期间，她的成长从未放慢。A. speech演讲；B. growth增长；C. pace步伐。根据“When Aly Stosz was in kindergarten, she was taller than the rest of her class.”可知，当Aly Stosz在幼儿园的时候，她比班上其他同学都高，因此小学期间，她的成长从未放慢。故选B。 142．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她上高中时，她的生长速度开始变慢。几年后，在2013年，Aly的身高达到了6英尺9英寸。A. reached到达；B. covered覆盖，行走；C. won赢得。根据“6 feet 9 inches tall.”可知，在2013年，Aly的身高达到了6英尺9英寸。故选A。 143．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于Aly来说，正常的活动，比如买衣服和鞋子，可能会让她感到压力，因为她很难找到适合她的东西。A. Kind善良的；B. Local本地的；C. Normal正常的。根据“like shopping for clothes and shoes”可知，正常的活动，比如买衣服和鞋子，可能会让她感到压力。故选C。 144．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. focuses聚焦；B. bets打赌；C. fits适合。根据“properly on her”可知，她很难找到适合自己的东西。故选C。 145．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大多数被视为连衣裙出售的商品最终变成了她的衬衫，而一个商店如果有足够长的裤子来适应她的腿，真是个奇迹。A. wonder惊奇，奇迹；B. shame羞耻；C. sign标志。根据前文“because she struggles to find anything that  ____4____  properly on her.”以及“if a store ever has a pair of pants long enough for her legs.”可知，在买衣服和鞋子方面，很难找到适合她的，因此一个商店如果有足够长的裤子来适应她的腿，真是个奇迹。故选A。 146．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，经过所有这些挣扎，Aly学会了接受她被赋予的身体，并自信地走路。A. recover恢复；B. accept接受；C. establish建立。根据“the body she’s been given and to walk with confidence.”可知，Aly学会了接受她被赋予的身体，并自信地走路。故选B。 147．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：喜欢她的身高并不总是一件容易的事。A. easy简单的；B. right正确的；C. enjoyable愉快的。根据“As a young girl, Aly was ____8____ for her height and called “monster”.”可知，当她还是个小女孩的时候，人们嘲笑她的身高，称她为“怪物”，总有人们嘲笑她，所以喜欢自己的身高并不意见容易的事情。故选A。 148．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当她还是个小女孩的时候，人们嘲笑她的身高，称她为“怪物”。A. paid back偿还；B. laughed at嘲笑；C. turned down拒绝。根据“and called “monster””可知，人们嘲笑她的身高，称她为“怪物”。故选B。 149．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她成长的过程中，这给她带来了很多痛苦和挣扎。A. attention注意力；B. pain疼痛；C. excitement兴奋。根据“As a young girl, Aly was  ____8____  for her height and called “monster”.”可知，当她还是个小女孩的时候，人们嘲笑她的身高，称她为“怪物”，这给她的成长过程带来了很多痛苦。故选B。 150．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，她意识到大多数人都在寻找突出和与众不同的方式，而她却生来就拥有自己独特的外貌！A. Finally最终；B. However然而；C. Instead相反。根据“she realized that most people were ____11____ ways to stand out and be different”可知，最后，她意识到大多数人都在寻找脱颖而出和与众不同的方式。故选A。 151．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. giving up放弃；B. looking up查阅，仰望；C. searching for寻找。根据“ways to stand out and be different”可知，她意识到大多数人都在寻找脱颖而出和与众不同的方法。故选C。 152．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. talent才能；B. creativity创造力；C. look外貌。根据“Aly has learned to  ____6____  the body she’s been given and to walk with confidence.”可知，经过所有他人的嘲笑，Aly学会了接受她被赋予的身体，并自信地走路即接受了自己特殊的身体，她明确自己生来就拥有自己独特的外貌！故选C。 153．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些天Aly很坚强，很自信。A. confident自信的；B. fat胖的；C. slim苗条的。根据“These days Aly is strong”可知，这些天Aly很坚强，很自信。故选A。 154．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她还确保自己周围都是赞美她的力量和美丽的人。A. birthday生日；B. strength力量；C. wedding婚礼。根据“These days Aly is strong and  ___13____ .”以及“and beauty.”可知，她还确保自己周围围绕着那些赞美她的力量和美貌的人。故选B。 155．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：观看Aly的这次采访是令人鼓舞和振奋的。A. encouraging鼓舞人心的；B. surprising令人惊讶的；C. worrying令人担忧的。根据“inspiring”可知，观看Aly的这次采访是令人鼓舞和振奋的。故选A。 L （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Nicolo and Chase, his 10-year-old son, search the streets of Salt Lake City every weekend for the homeless to take to lunch. They 156 Project Empathy (共情) four years ago to share a meal, 157 their stories and figured out how they could further 158 . “Just start with a smile, a hello. It really 159 starts with that. If you do it, you can make a(n) 160 . A small gesture can have a(n) 161 effect on others who are less 162 ,” Nicolo said in an interview. Some of these 163 meals have turned into stronger connections. Ward, a homeless, was housed in a flat. He thanked Nicolo and Chase for helping him through the 164 process of moving off the 165 . “It is great to have friends who make us feel extremely good and I’m impressed with the pair,” Ward said. Father and son’s 166 have developed into a passion project that highlights faith and community, which 167 the role community members can have in 168 the homeless. They know they can’t settle the homeless problem 169 . They’re hoping empathy will catch on (流行起来). “My hope for the future is to 170 more connection across our country. We could and we will succeed if we have other people join in and help the homeless,” Chase said. 156．A．started B．borrowed C．bought 157．A．wrote down B．listened to C．referred to 158．A．bother B．greet C．help 159．A．just B．even C．still 160．A．impression B．connection C．decision 161．A．small B．direct C．important 162．A．wealthy B．fortunate C．successful 163．A．shared B．wasted C．saved 164．A．simple B．useful C．difficult 165．A．houses B．cinemas C．streets 166．A．opinions B．efforts C．dreams 167．A．stresses B．explains C．checks 168．A．dealing with B．calming down C．cheering up 169．A．alone B．anyway C．exactly 170．A．make B．spread C．value 【答案】 156．A 157．B 158．C 159．A 160．B 161．C 162．B 163．A 164．C 165．C 166．B 167．A 168．C 169．A 170．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Nicolo和Chase父子俩成立“共情项目”帮助无家可归者的故事。他们认为一个小小的举动，会给无家可归的人带来巨大影响。他们希望社区成员能够意识到自己可以帮助别人的角色，也希望“共情项目”可以变得流行，这样就有更多的人加入来帮助无家可归者。 156．考查动词词义辨析。句意：四年前，他们开始了共情项目，分享一顿饭，倾听他们的故事，并找出他们如何能进一步提供帮助。A. started开始；B. borrowed借；C. bought买。结合语境及“four years ago”可知，此处指他们是四年前开始这个项目的，故选A。 157．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. wrote down写下；B. listened to听；C. referred to提到。根据“their stories”可知，此处指倾听他们的故事，故选B。 158．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. bother打扰，使烦恼；B. greet问候；C. help帮助。根据文章首句“Nicolo and Chase, his 10-year-old son, search the streets of Salt Lake City every weekend for the homeless to take to lunch.(Nicolo和他10岁的儿子Chase每个周末都会在盐湖城的街道上搜寻无家可归的人，带他们去吃午饭)”可知，父子俩寻找无家可归的人，带他们去吃饭，故此处指帮助他们，故选C。 159．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一切真的只是从这样开始的。A. just只是；B. even甚至；C. still仍然。根据上文“Just start with a smile, a hello.(只要以一个微笑、一句你好开始)”可知，一切真的只是从这样简单的问候开始的，故选A。 160．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，你就能建立联系。A. impression印象；B. connection联系；C. decision决定。根据下一段中“turned into stronger connections”以及最后一段中“My hope for the future is to ____15____ more connection across our country.”可知，如果这样做，就能和别人建立联系，故选B。 161．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个小小的举动可以对那些不幸的人产生重要的影响，” Nicolo在接受采访时说。A. small小的；B. direct直接的；C. important重要的。此处和“A small gesture”形成对比，强调小小的善意也能对别人产生重要的影响，故选C。 162．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. wealthy富有的；B. fortunate幸运的；C. successful成功的。根据上文提到的“homeless”可知，无家可归的人是不幸的人，故选B。 163．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一些共享的晚餐变成了更紧密的联系。A. shared分享；B. wasted浪费；C. saved挽救，节省。根据第一段中提到的“share a meal”可知，此处是share的词汇复现，故选A。 164．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他感谢Nicolo和Chase帮助他度过了离开街头的艰难过程。A. simple简单的；B. useful有用的；C. difficult困难的。根据上文“Ward, a homeless”可知，Ward是一个无家可归的人，故此处指度过艰难的过程，故选C。 165．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. houses房屋；B. cinemas电影院；C. streets街道。根据上文“Ward, a homeless, was housed in a flat.”可知，Ward是一个无家可归的人，被安置在一个公寓内，故此处指离开街头，故选C。 166．考查名词词义辨析。句意：父子俩的努力已经发展成为一个充满激情的项目，强调信仰和社区，强调社区成员在鼓励无家可归者方面所能发挥的作用。A. opinions观点；B. efforts努力；C. dreams梦想。根据文章首句“Nicolo and Chase, his 10-year-old son, search the streets of Salt Lake City every weekend for the homeless to take to lunch.”和上文“He thanked Nicolo and Chase for helping him through the ____9____ process”可知，父子俩努力帮助无家可归的人，故选B。 167．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. stresses强调；B. explains解释；C. checks检查。根据“a passion project that highlights faith and community”以及“the role community members can have in ____13____ the homeless”可知，这个项目强调信仰和社区，强调社区成员在鼓励无家可归者方面所能发挥的作用，故选A。 168．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. dealing with处理；B. calming down平静下来；C. cheering up振作起来，（使）高兴起来。根据上文内容以及“It is great to have friends who make us feel extremely good(有让我们感觉非常好的朋友是很棒的)”可知，父子俩帮助无家可归的人，其中还建立了很深的联系，故此处指鼓舞无家可归人，使他们振作起来，故选C。 169．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们知道他们不能独自解决无家可归者的问题。A. alone单独，独自；B. anyway无论如何；C. exactly精确地。根据下文“They’re hoping empathy will catch on (流行起来).”可知，他们知道不能独自解决这个问题，还希望同情心能流行起来，更多人加入，故选A。 170．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对未来的希望是在全国范围内传播更多的联系。A. make制作；B. spread传播；C. value珍惜。根据“across our country”以及下文“We could and we will succeed if we have other people join in and help the homeless(如果我们有其他人加入并帮助无家可归者，我们可以而且一定会成功)”可知，如果有更多人加入就能成功，故此处指在全国范围内传播更多的联系，故选B。 M （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）I have been lucky enough to be the youngest of three siblings (兄弟姐妹). I’m 171 luckier to call both of them two of my best friends. Growing up, I’ve always been 172 as the baby of the family. As much as I 173 it then, I have learned to love it. Every day, at least 20 times a day, siblings make 174 of each other. When I was younger, I always took it to 175 . But growing up with their 176 , our siblings have taught me that it’s okay to 177 yourself sometimes. Jokes aren’t always out to hurt us, sometimes only to 178 the mood. From the minute we are able to talk, my siblings always give each other a hard time. It could be making fun of each other for our 179 of clothes or music. Anything that can possibly made fun has been made fun of by us. It’s all fun and 180 until someone other than my siblings give me a hard time. When that happens, my siblings don’t 181 to cut in and say something to protect me. No matter what happens throughout my life, my siblings will 182 me through it all. Whether it was that time I “ 183 ” drew on the wall with marker and they covered for me, or my college 184 , they have given us the knowledge to make the right choice. My siblings are best friends 185 in my life through some odd reason but, for the most part, I love them. 171．A．seldom B．too C．even 172．A．known B．seen C．qualified 173．A．picked B．attempted C．hated 174．A．fun B．use C．sense 175．A．home B．limit C．heart 176．A．sense B．influence C．praise 177．A．focus on B．laugh at C．dress up 178．A．lighten B．tighten C．deepen 179．A．choices B．chances C．efforts 180．A．manners B．games C．lessons 181．A．determine B．plan C．hesitate 182．A．support B．comfort C．encourage 183．A．accidentally B．eventually C．frequently 184．A．attention B．invention C．decision 185．A．abandoning B．appearing C．going 【答案】 171．C 172．B 173．C 174．A 175．C 176．B 177．B 178．A 179．A 180．B 181．C 182．A 183．A 184．C 185．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和自己的兄弟姐妹是好朋友，互相开玩笑，也互相支持。 171．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我更幸运的是，他们俩都是我最好的朋友。A. seldom很少；B. too也；C. even甚至。根据上文“I have been lucky enough to be the youngest of three siblings.(我很幸运，是三个兄弟姐妹中最小的一个)”以及后文luckier可知此处为even+比较级结构，表示更加。故选C。 172．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从小到大，我一直被视为家里的小宝贝。A. known知道；B. seen看见；C. qualified取得资格。根据后文“as the baby of the family”指作者被视为家里的小宝贝，短语为be seen as(被视为)。故选B。 173．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我当时很讨厌，但我已经学会了爱这种感觉。A. picked捡起；B. attempted尝试；C. hated讨厌。根据后文“it then, I have learned to love it”中it指代上文作者被看做家里的小宝贝这件事，结合选项可知，应选择与后文love相对应的情感动词，hate最符合语境。故选C。 174．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天，每天至少20次，兄弟姐妹互相取笑。A. fun乐趣；B. use使用；C. sense感觉。根据后文“making fun of each other”此处指互相开玩笑。故选A。 175．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我小时候，我总是把它放在心上。A. home家；B. limit限制；C. heart心。根据上文“When I was younger, I always took it to”以及后文提到作者长大了意识到嘲笑自己的可以的，说明小时候会放在心上，短语为take it to heart表示“认真对待”。故选C。 176．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是在他们的影响下长大，我们的兄弟姐妹教会了我，有时嘲笑自己是可以的。A. sense感觉；B. influence影响；C. praise赞美。根据后文“our siblings have taught me”指兄弟姐妹对作者的影响，故选B。 177．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是在他们的影响下长大，我们的兄弟姐妹教会了我，有时嘲笑自己是可以的。A. focus on集中；B. laugh at嘲笑；C. dress up穿衣。根据后文“Jokes”以及上文他们互相开玩笑，可知有时嘲笑自己是可以的。故选B。 178．考查动词词义辨析。句意：玩笑并不总是为了伤害我们，有时只是为了减轻情绪。A. lighten减轻；B. tighten变紧；C. deepen加深。根据上文“Jokes aren’t always out to hurt us, sometimes only to”可知，玩笑并不总是为了伤害我们，有时只是为了减轻情绪。故选A。 179．考查名词词义辨析。句意：也可能是取笑对方对衣服或音乐的选择。A. choices选择；B. chances机会；C. efforts努力。根据后文“of clothes or music”以及选项可知，取笑的是对方对衣服或音乐的选择。故选A。 180．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一切都很有趣，直到我的兄弟姐妹以外的人找我麻烦。A. manners礼貌；B. games游戏；C. lessons课程。根据上文“Anything that can possibly made fun has been made fun of by us.( 任何可能被我们取笑的东西都被我们取笑了)”可知，作者和兄弟姐妹之间喜欢开玩笑，短语fun and games表示“轻松娱乐”。故选B。 181．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这种情况发生时，我的兄弟姐妹会毫不犹豫地插嘴，说些什么来保护我。A. determine决定；B. plan计划；C. hesitate犹豫。根据后文“to cut in and say something to protect me”指兄弟姐妹为作者毫不犹豫挺身而出。故选C。 182．考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论我的一生中发生什么，我的兄弟姐妹都会支持我度过难关。A. support支持；B. comfort安慰；C. encourage鼓励。根据后文“me through it all”以及“they covered for me”指兄弟姐妹会支持作者度过难关。故选A。 183．考查副词词义辨析。句意：无论是我“不小心”用马克笔在墙上画画，他们为我掩护，还是我的大学决定，他们都给了我们做出正确选择的知识。A. accidentally意外地；B. eventually最后；C. frequently频繁地。根据后文“drew on the wall with marker”指作者故意用马克笔在墙上画画，说成是“不小心（accidentally）”，双引号表明并非单词字面意思。故选A。 184．考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论是我“不小心”用马克笔在墙上画画，他们为我掩护，还是我的大学决定，他们都给了我们做出正确选择的知识。A. attention注意力；B. invention发明；C. decision决定。根据后文“they have given us the knowledge to make the right choice”指兄弟姐妹就作者的大学决定给出了正确选择的知识。故选C。 185．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的兄弟姐妹是我最好的朋友——由于一些意外的原因出现在我的生活中，但在很大程度上，我爱他们。A. abandoning抛弃；B. appearing出现；C. going去。根据后文“in my life through some odd reason”指兄弟姐妹出于意外原因出现在作者的生活中。故选B。 N （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）I am still on holiday here in beautiful Iceland. I have 186 some acts of kindness such as smiling at people or 187 some small talk. Yesterday, I went a step further. I went into the local church and sat for about an hour 188 every single person that I am grateful for-even the ones who have 189 me a hard time over the years. Bad experiences are 190 too. It was hard to concentrate as it was rather 191 due to maintenance(维修)work. I found myself thinking about people I have known, 192 over the years, the ones that especially made a lasting 193 on me and tried to visualise(使形象化, 想象)their 194 in my mind’s eye. Wished them all the very best as I did so. I also thought of our beautiful planet and 195 expressed my gratitude for the stars, the sun, the moon, the water and so on because without 196 we are nothing. Then at the end, I made a personal wish and I noticed that everything was suddenly peaceful all around me and the 197 was, shining through the window just across from me. And a few 198 things were to be observed which made me smile. I then 199 a candle and wished for 200 in every single person and peace in our world and went on my way. 186．A．heard B．changed C．practiced 187．A．making B．reading C．saying 188．A．referring to B．thinking about C．depending on 189．A．passed B．shown C．given 190．A．students B．teachers C．athletes 191．A．noisy B．quiet C．low 192．A．beat B．encountered C．overcame 193．A．impression B．pain C．pity 194．A．noses B．fingers C．faces 195．A．silently B．coldly C．suddenly 196．A．mountain B．river C．nature 197．A．rain B．wind C．sun 198．A．ugly B．lovely C．deadly 199．A．fixed B．lit C．sold 200．A．peace B．trouble C．difficulty 【答案】 186．C 187．A 188．B 189．C 190．B 191．A 192．B 193．A 194．C 195．A 196．C 197．C 198．B 199．B 200．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在冰岛度假时，进行了一次感恩和祈愿的仪式，表达了对家人、朋友的感激之情，以及对地球的感恩。 186．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在这里练习了一些善举，比如对人们微笑或者聊聊天。A. heard听到；B. changed改变；C. practiced练习。根据下文“such as smiling at people or … some small talk.”可知，作者在练习一些善良的举动，故选C。 187．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. making进行；B. reading阅读；C. saying说。根据上文“some acts of kindness such as smiling at people”可知，此处指一些善举，make some small talk为固定短语，意为“闲聊”，符合句意，故选A。 188．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我走进当地的教堂，坐了大约一个小时，想着每一个我感激的人，甚至是那些多年来给我带来困难的人。A. referring to参考；提及；B. thinking about思考；考虑；C. depending on依靠；取决于。根据下文“I found myself thinking about people I have known”可知，作者在思考感激的人，故选B。 189．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. passed经过；B. shown展示；C. given给。根据上文“even the ones who have”和下文“me a hard time over the years”可知，此处指作者也想到了那些多年来给他带来困难的人，give sb. a hard time 为固定短语，意为“给某人带来困难”，故选C。 190．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不好的经历也是老师。A. students学生；B. teachers老师；C. athletes运动员。根据下文“Then at the end, I made a personal wish and I noticed that everything was suddenly peaceful all around me(然后，在最后，我许下了一个个人愿望，我注意到周围的一切都突然变得平静了)”，可知，作者注意到周围的一切都突然变得平静了，可推理出作者认为不好的经历也能让人学到东西，就像老师一样，故选B。 191．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于维修工作，很难集中注意力，因为相当嘈杂。A. noisy嘈杂的；B. quiet安静的；C. low低的。根据“due to maintenance(维修)work”可知，环境嘈杂，故选 A。 192．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现自己在想我认识的人，这些年来遇到的人，那些特别给我留下持久印象的人，并试图在我的脑海中想象他们的脸。A. beat打败；B. encountered遇到；C. overcame克服。根据“people I have known”可知，此处说的是遇到的人，故选B。 193．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. impression印象；B. pain痛苦；C. pity遗憾。根据下文“on me and tried to visualise”可知，此处指作者想到给他留下持久印象的人，make a lasting impression on sb为固定短语，意为“给某人留下持久的印象”，符合句意，故选A。 194．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. noses鼻子；B. fingers手指；C. faces脸。根据上文“tried to visualise”以及下文“in my mind’s eye”可知，是在脑海中想象他们的脸，故选C。 195．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我也想到了我们美丽的星球，并默默地表达了我对星星、太阳、月亮、水等等的感激之情，因为没有大自然我们什么都不是。A. silently默默地；B. coldly冷淡地；C. suddenly突然地。根据下文“expressed my gratitude for the stars, the sun, the moon, the water and so on”可知，作者是在心里默默地表达感激，故选A。 196．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. mountain山；B. river河；C. nature自然。根据“the stars, the sun, the moon, the water and so on”可知，这些都是大自然的一部分，故选C。 197．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后在最后，我许了一个个人愿望，我注意到我周围的一切突然都平静下来，太阳正透过我对面的窗户照进来。A. rain雨；B. wind风；C. sun太阳。根据“shining through the window”可知，是太阳照进来，故选C。 198．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：还有一些可爱的事情被观察到，这让我笑了。A. ugly丑陋的；B. lovely可爱的；C. deadly致命的。根据“which made me smile”可知，此处说的是可爱的事情，故选B。 199．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我点燃了一支蜡烛，祝愿每个人都平安，世界和平，然后我就走了。A. fixed修理；B. lit点燃；C. sold卖。根据“a candle and wished for”可知，此处说的是点燃蜡烛，故选B。 200．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. peace和平；B. trouble麻烦；C. difficulty困难。根据“peace in our world”可知，是祝愿每个人都平安，故选A。 O （2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Jennifer, 56, from Toronto, Canada, has worked in Hubei for 12 years. To quickly 201 , she gave herself a Chinese name Zhang Nifeng. In 2007, Jennifer was 202 by an educational institution (教育机构) in Toronto to 203 on English teaching in Wuhan. Despite not knowing about Wuhan before, Jennifer 204 its vast areas and convenient transportation. In 2015, she 205 to the Wudang Mountain and was 206 by its beautiful scenery, deciding to work there. Two years later, she was 207 to teach at No. 2 Middle School in Shiyan where the Wudang Mountain is located. “I was very 208 as soon as I knew the destination,” she introduced. Jennifer found the students enthusiastic, and she had many 209 experiences with them. There was a(n) 210 when they invited her for an outing, as she thought they said “snake” when they actually meant “snack”. The 211 and culture of Shiyan has aroused (激起) her great 212 . She often goes to the Shiyan Museum to know the relevant information and 213 Hubei to friends in Canada. “I hope to establish a 214 connecting Hubei to the world via English, so that more people can get 215 to Shiyan and Hubei,” she said. 201．A．meet B．adapt C．behave 202．A．sent B．shown C．called 203．A．act B．live C．work 204．A．got rid of B．fell in love with C．caught up with 205．A．rushed B．walked C．toured 206．A．confused B．attracted C．supported 207．A．chosen B．refused C．helped 208．A．upset B．busy C．happy 209．A．funny B．frightening C．sad 210．A．excitement B．misunderstanding C．impression 211．A．history B．science C．development 212．A．confidence B．anger C．interest 213．A．introduces B．gives C．leads 214．A．base B．tradition C．bridge 215．A．ready B．close C．used 【答案】 201．B 202．A 203．C 204．B 205．C 206．B 207．A 208．C 209．A 210．B 211．A 212．C 213．A 214．C 215．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位名叫Jennifer的加拿大女士，在武汉工作期间给自己取了一个中文名字张妮凤，她因一次偶然的机会来到武汉，被武当山的壮丽景色吸引，后来在十堰第二中学任教。在工作期间，Jennifer与学生们建立了深厚的感情，她喜欢十堰的风土人情，并希望为湖北和十堰建立一个与世界沟通的桥梁。 201．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了快速适应，她给自己取了一个中文名字张妮凤。A. meet遇见；B. adapt适应；C. behave表现。根据“she gave herself a Chinese name Zhang Nifeng”可知，为了快速适应，Jennifer给自己取了一个中文名字张妮凤。故选B。 202．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2007年，她被多伦多一家教育机构派往武汉从事英语教学工作。A. sent派送；B. shown展示；C. called称呼，打电话。根据“by an educational institution (教育机构) in Toronto”可知，2007年，她被多伦多一家教育机构派往武汉。故选A。 203．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. act行动；B. live生活；C. work工作。根据“on English teaching in Wuhan”可知，她被多伦多一家教育机构派往武汉从事英语教学工作，“work on”意为“从事……”。故选C。 204．考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管在来武汉之前对这个城市一无所知，Jennifer还是很快就爱上了武汉的巨大地域和便捷的交通。A. got rid of摆脱；B. fell in love with爱上；C. caught up with追上。根据“Despite not knowing about Wuhan before”可知，前后构成转折关系即尽管来之前对武汉一无所知，可是来到武汉后Jennifer很快就爱上了武汉的巨大地域和便捷的交通。故选B。 205．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2015年，她游览了武当山，被那里美丽的风景所吸引，决定在那里工作。A. rushed冲，奔；B. walked步行；C. toured游览。根据“to the Wudang Mountain”可知，2015年，她游览了武当山。故选C。 206．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. confused使困惑；B. attracted吸引；C. supported支持。根据“by its beautiful scenery”可知，她游览了武当山，被那里美丽的风景所吸引。故选B。 207．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年后，她被选派到武当山所在的十堰市第二中学任教。A. chosen选择；B. refused拒绝；C. helped帮助。根据“to teach at No. 2 Middle School in Shiyan”可知，她被选派到武当山所在的十堰市第二中学任教。故选A。 208．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我一知道目的地就非常高兴，”她介绍说。A. upset心烦的；B. busy忙碌的；C. happy快乐的。根据“Jennifer found the students enthusiastic, and she had many ____9____ experiences with them.”可知，Jennifer发现学生们很热情，她和他们有过许多有趣的经历，所以她一到十堰市第二中学任教就很开心。故选C。 209．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Jennifer发现学生们很热情，她和他们有过许多有趣的经历。A. funny有趣的；B. frightening可怕的；C. sad悲伤的。根据“the students enthusiastic,”以及“experiences with them”可知，Jennifer发现学生们很热情，她和他们有过许多有趣的经历。故选A。 210．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在邀请她出去玩时出现了一个误会，因为她以为他们说的是“蛇”，而实际上他们想说的是“零食”。A. excitement兴奋；B. misunderstanding误解；C. impression印象。根据“as she thought they said “snake” when they actually meant “snack”.”可知，因为她以为他们说的是“蛇”，而实际上他们想说的是“小吃”，所以孩子们在邀请她出去玩时出现了一个误会。故选B。 211．考查名词词义辨析。句意：十堰的历史和文化引起了她极大的兴趣。A. history历史；B. science科学；C. development发展。根据“culture of Shiyan”可知，与culture并列用history比较合适，十堰的历史和文化引起了她极大的兴趣。故选A。 212．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. confidence自信；B. anger愤怒；C. interest兴趣。根据“The ____11____ and culture of Shiyan has aroused (激起) her great”可知，十堰的历史和文化引起了她极大的兴趣。故选C。 213．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她经常去十堰博物馆了解相关信息，并向加拿大的朋友介绍湖北。A. introduces介绍；B. gives给予；C. leads引导。根据“Hubei to friends in Canada”可知，她经常去十堰博物馆了解相关信息，并向加拿大的朋友介绍湖北。故选A。 214．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望通过英语架起一座湖北与世界接轨的桥梁，让更多人了解十堰、了解湖北。A. base基础；B. tradition传统；C. bridge桥梁。根据“connecting Hubei to the world via English”可知，Jennifer希望通过英语架起一座湖北与世界接轨的桥梁。故选C。 215．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. ready准备好的；B. close接近的；C. used使用的。根据“to Shiyan and Hubei”可知，希望通过英语架起一座湖北与世界接轨的桥梁，让更多人走近了解十堰、了解湖北。故选B。 ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$