Unit 5 语法现在完成时课件 2021-2022学年沪教牛津版英语八年级上册

Grammar Unit 5 Educational exchanges present past future A. The definition Hi, Patrick. Would you like to have lunch with me? Oh, sorry. I have had lunch. I want to stay at home. Well, fine. I have stayed at home since last week. I must go out for fun. The present perfect tense 1. 定义： 1)表示过去某时刻开始持续到现在的动作或情况。 Well, fine. I have stayed at home since last week. I must go out for fun. 2)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 Oh, sorry. I have had lunch. I want to stay at home. B. Structures Patrick, have you visited Beijing before? No, I haven't visited Beijing. How about you? Of course, I have. And my mom has visited Beijing as well. 1）基本结构：have/has +done 2）肯定句：主语+ has/have +done+其他. 3）否定句：主语+ has/have +not+ done+其他. 4）一般疑问句及肯否定回答： -Has/Have +主语+ done+其他? -Yes, 主语+has/have./ No, 主语+hasn’t/haven’t. 5）特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+has/have +主语+ done +其他? 规则动词的过去分词与过去式的变化规则基本一致： 1) 一般在词尾直接加-ed。eg: look-looked 2) 以e结尾的，直接加-d。eg: move-moved 3) 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed。 eg: carry-carried 4) 重读闭音节单词需双写末尾辅音字母，再加-ed。 eg: stop-stopped 不规则动词的变化没有规律，则要单独记忆 see-saw-seen be-was, were-been eat-ate-eaten break-broke-broken go-went-gone take-took-taken send-sent-sent find-found-found make-made-made have-had-had have met have played has cooked have studied have seen haven’t visited haven’t done Complete the e-mail with the present perfect tense of the verbs in brackets. P72 C. Key words Patrick, I have already seen many places of interest in Beijing. Have you seen the Great Wall yet? No, I have not seen the Great Wall yet. Have you ever visited the Summer Palace? No, I have never visited the Summer Palace. 现在完成时的常见的时间状语有：already, yet, for, since, so far, , ever, , in the past…years, by now, never, just, 等。 ① already, yet already: "已经" ，常用于肯定句（句中、句末） I have already finished my homework. Can l go now? I have finished my homework already. Can I go now? yet: "还没, 已经", 常用于否定、疑问句（句末） --Have you finished your homework yet? --No, I haven't finished my homework yet. Exercise 1. I have ______ finished my homework. 2. Their parents haven’t come back _____. already yet ② ever, never ever: "曾经", 常用于肯定、疑问句 （句中、句末） --Have you ever seen Harry Potter? --Yes. This is the best film I have ever seen. never: "从来没有" 不与其他否定词连用 --Have you ever seen Harry Potter? --No, I have never seen this film. Exercise 1. Have you _____ been to Beijing? 2. She has _____ seen a panda. So she wants to visit Sichuan. ever never ③ since, for since+时间点、过去式的句子 I have lived here since 2018. I have lived here since I met you. for+时间段 I have lived here for 6 years. I have lived here for a long time. Exercise 1. I haven’t seen him ______ last month. 2. The football match has been on ______ half an hour. 3. We have learned a lot ______ we came to school. since for since D. Special uses have been to/ have gone to / have been in ---Where is your boss? ---He has gone to Canada. And he has been in Canada for 5 days. ---Canada is beautiful. I have been to Canada twice. have been to: 去过（常加次数），人回来了 have gone to: 去了，人还没回来 have been in: 去了并呆在（常加一段时间） 1) – Have you ______ England? –No, never. 2) He came to Shenzhen in 1994. He has _________ Shenzhen since 1994. 3) –How long have they _______ Beijing? –For one month. 4) She isn’t there. She has _________ the shop. She has _______ the shop for two hours. Exercise: been to, been in, gone to been to been in been in gone to been in 1. 他已经找到他的自行车了。 _________________________________ 2. 你曾经去过北京吗？ _________________________________ 3. 他们还没有动身。 _________________________________ 4. 你曾唱过这首英文歌吗？ _________________________________ 5. 我们从来没有听说过这件事。 _________________________________ 6. 我已经做完家庭作业了。 _________________________________ 一、汉译英。 He has already found his bicycle. Have you ever been to Beijing? They haven’t started yet． Have you ever sung this English song? We have never heard of it． I have already finished my homework． 1. Have you watched the film? (作否定回答) ____, ___ _______. 2. Simon has decided to go to the meeting. (改为一般疑问句) ___ Simon ______ __ go to the meeting? 3. She’s already finished her homework. (改为否定句) She ______ _______ her homework ___. 4. I have met Jill and Jim. (对划线部分提问) _____ _____ ____ met? 5. They have visited the Summer Palace and the Great Wall. (对划线部分提问) _____ _____ they ______? No I haven’t Has decided to hasn’t finished yet 二、按要求改写下列句子。 Who have you What have visited Homework Thank you! $$