Unit 1 Science and Scientists 单元话题满分范文必背2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第二册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版201

Unit 1 Science and Scientists 单元话题满分范文必背 1．（24-25高二上·陕西铜川·阶段练习）假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友Jenny来信询问你最喜欢的科学家，请你根据下面的写作提示，给她写一封回信。内容包括： 1．屠呦呦，1930年出生于中国宁波： 2．她长期致力于研究疟疾的治疗方法，因发现青蒿素而荣获2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖； 3．她是第一位获得科学类诺贝尔奖的中国科学家。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jenny, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jenny, The scientist I admire most is Tu Youyou, who was born in 1930 in Ningbo, China. She is well known because she was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine 2015 for her great contributions to medicine. Since graduating from university, she has devoted her time and energy to discovering a treatment for malaria, a deadly disease in the past. After working hard with her team for years, she finally found artemisinin, which has saved millions of lives around the world. Tu Youyou is the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize for Science. Her winning the reward shows that traditional Chinese medicine is of great value. She is such a great role model that I admire her most. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给澳大利亚笔友Jenny回信介绍最喜欢的科学家。 【详解】1.词汇积累 著名的：well known→famous 发现：discover→find 最后：finally→eventually 有价值：be of great value→valuable 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：Tu Youyou is the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize for Science. Her winning the reward shows that traditional Chinese medicine is of great value. 拓展句：Not only is Tu Youyou the first Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize for Science, but also her winning the reward shows that traditional Chinese medicine is of great value. 【点睛】[高分句型1] The scientist I admire most is Tu Youyou, who was born in 1930 in Ningbo, China. (运用了who引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] She is well known because she was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine 2015 for her great contributions to medicine. (运用了because引导原因状语从句) 2．（24-25高二上·广西桂林·阶段练习）你校正在组织英语作文比赛，请你以“A role model to learn from”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1. 介绍你的榜样的品质及其成就； 2. 说明你的榜样对你的影响。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为 80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A role model to learn from ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A role model to learn from A role model for me to learn from is Tu Youyou, a researcher in medicine, who has a positive influence on my growth. I read about her winning the Nobel Prize in a magazine, which was inspiring to me. What impressed me most was that she and the team examined over 2000 old medical texts and 280, 000 plants. Having failed numerous times, they finally succeeded. Later, they even tested on themselves to make sure of safety! I am so moved by her scientific spirit that I am determined to brave the challenges and try different ways to solve my problems. I learn from her that only with devotion and persistence can I overcome difficulties and make a contribution to the society. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以“A role model to learn from”为题，写一篇短文参赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 影响：influence →effect 大量的：numerous →plenty of 感动：move →touch 决心做某事：be determined to → make up one’s mind 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Later, they even tested on themselves to make sure of safety! 拓展句：Later, what is astonishing is that they even tested on themselves to make sure of safety! 【点睛】[高分句型1] I read about her winning the Nobel Prize in a magazine, which was inspiring to me. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] I am so moved by her scientific spirit that I am determined to brave the challenges and try different ways to solve my problems. (运用了so…that…引导的结果状语从句) 3．（24-25高二上·江西赣州·阶段练习）假如你是李华，你校英语报最近新开辟了“科学之星——我最敬佩的科学家”栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一位你最敬佩的科学工作者。 内容包括：1.人物简介；2.人物主要事迹或成就；3.人物的影响。 注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以根据所给要点进行适当发挥。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping, an outstanding agricultural scientist known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. A few decades ago, the lack of food was one of the main problems threatening Chinese people. After years of study, Yuan Longping successfully developed the world’s first hybrid rice, which dramatically increased rice production. His approach to rice breeding also serves as a solution to food problems around the globe. His story gives me inspiration and motivates me to love science, and I would like to make contributions to it in the future. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇英语短文，介绍最敬佩的一名科学工作者。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 杰出的：outstanding → distinguished 剧烈地：dramatically → acutely 充当：serves as → act as 激励：motivate → inspire 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：A few decades ago, the lack of food was one of the main problems threatening Chinese people. 拓展句：A few decades ago, the lack of food was one of the main problems that threatened Chinese people. 【点睛】[高分句型1]The scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping, an outstanding agricultural scientist known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”.（运用了省略引导词who或that的限制性定语从句） [高分句型2]After years of study, Yuan Longping successfully developed the world’s first hybrid rice, which dramatically increased rice production.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 4．（24-25高二上·江西·阶段练习）假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike对中国科学家的事迹很感兴趣。现在请你给他写封信与他分享某个科学家的成就或事迹。内容如下： 1.写信目的； 2.你的分享内容。 注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Mike, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mike, Learning your interest in great Chinese scientists, I’m writing to share with you the achievements of Tu Youyou. Tu Youyou is among the greatest Chinese scientists and has been awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. To fight against malaria, the committed and patient scientist led her team to do numerous research and test various plants. It was owing to her devotion and perseverance that she discovered artemisinin, which not only cured malaria but also proved the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. I believe her remarkable achievements are bound to leave you a lasting impression. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Mike写一封信，分享某个中国科学家的成就或事迹，目的是满足笔友对中国科学家事迹的兴趣。 【详解】1.词汇积累 成就：achievement → accomplishment 奉献：devotion → dedication/commitment 发现：discover → find/uncover 卓越的：remarkable → distinguished/excellent 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Tu Youyou is among the greatest Chinese scientists and has been awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. 拓展句：Tu Youyou, who is among the greatest Chinese scientists, has been awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Learning your interest in great Chinese scientists, I’m writing to share with you the achievements of Tu Youyou. (运用了现在分词短语作原因状语) [高分句型2] It was owing to her devotion and perseverance that she discovered artemisinin, which not only cured malaria but also proved the great value of traditional Chinese medicine. (运用了强调句型和关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型3] I believe her remarkable achievements are bound to leave you a lasting impression. (运用了省略关系代词that的宾语从句) 5．（24-25高二上·江西抚州·阶段练习）假定你是李华，你校英语报正在举办“The scientist I admire most”征文活动。请你用英语写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： 1.概述我最敬佩的科学家； 2.他/她的杰出事迹； 3.我的感想。 注意：1.词数不少于80字； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 The scientist I admire most ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The scientist I admire most For this topic, different people may have different ideas. Among all the scientists, I admire Yuan Longping most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country. In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person. As a top scientist in the world, Mr. Yuan lived a very simple life, but his contributions were invaluable to the field of science and agriculture. Without him and his team, there would still be millions of people having to face the threat of hunger. He devoted his whole life to his country and people, and even to the world. So we should learn from Mr. Yuan. Love our country and serve our people. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写题为“我最敬佩的科学家”的短文投稿，参加征文活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 想法：idea→view 过……生活：live→lead 优秀的：excellent→ outstanding 献身于：devote oneself to→be committed to 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person 拓展句：In my opinion, Yuan Longping is an excellent person that deserves everyone’s admiration. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Among all the scientists, I admire Yuan Longping most, who is the person with willingness to serve the country with heart and soul.(运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Without him and his team, there would still be millions of people having to face the threat of hunger. (运用了虚拟语气) 6．（24-25高二上·陕西咸阳·阶段练习）假定你是李华，你校正在举办英语主题征文活动，请你写一篇英语短文，介绍你最敬佩的人。 1. 人物简介 2. 令人敬佩的原因 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】There are many scientists who have driven social development, among whom, the one I admire most is Yuan Longping, an outstanding agricultural scientist known as the “ father of hybrid rice”. A few decades ago, lack of food was one of the main problems threatening Chinese people. After years of study, Yuan Longping successfully developed the world’s first hybrid rice which dramatically increased rice production. His approach to rice breeding also serves as a solution to food problems around the globe. There is no doubt that his contribution is of great significance. His story gives me inspiration and motivates me to love science. And I would like to make contributions to it 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生所在学校正在举办英语主题征文活动，请你写一篇英语短文，介绍你最敬佩的人。 【详解】1.词汇积累 杰出的：outstanding→eminent 方法：approach→method 重要性：significance→importance 激励：motivate→inspire 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：His story gives me inspiration and motivates me to love science. 拓展句：His story gives me inspiration , motivating me to love science. 【点睛】[高分句型1] After years of study, Yuan Longping successfully developed the world’s first hybrid rice which dramatically increased rice production. (运用了which引导的定语从句) [高分句型2] There is no doubt that his contribution is of great significance. (运用了that引的同位语从句) 7．（24-25高二上·山东济宁·阶段练习）用英语写一篇短文：你最仰慕的科学家或伟人。简单介绍他的生平以及你仰慕他的原因。 注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Deng Jiaxian, the founder of Chinese Nuclear weapons , is the scientist I admire most. Born in Anhui in 1924, he later went to America for further study and obtained his doctorate there. Passionate to construct the newly-built PRC, he returned to China and committed himself to research. His hard work finally paid off. Nuclear and hydrogen bombs were developed by his team, greatly improving China’s defense power. Greatly acknowledged by the whole nation, he was awarded several national prizes. Unfortunately, he developed cancer because of nuclear radiation, and passed away in 1986. He will always be remembered. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生用英语写一篇短文，介绍自己最仰慕的科学家或伟人。简单介绍他的生平以及仰慕他的原因 【详解】1.词汇积累 得到，获得：obtain→get/earn 不幸地是：unfortunately→ unluckily 投入，献身，致力于：commit oneself to→devote oneself to 努力，付出：hard work→effort 2.句式拓展 同义句 原句：Deng Jiaxian, the founder of Chinese Nuclear weapons , is the scientist I admire most. 拓展句：Deng Jiaxian,who is the founder of Chinese Nuclear weapons , is the scientist I admire most. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Nuclear and hydrogen bombs were developed by his team, greatly improving China’s defense power.（运用了现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】Greatly acknowledged by the whole nation, he was awarded several national prizes.（运用了过去分词短语作状语） 8．（24-25高二上·河南周口·阶段练习）假定你是李华，你所在的城市引进了无人驾驶公交车。请你给你校英文报写一篇文章，表达你对这项新科技的看法，内容包括： 1. 简要介绍无人驾驶公交车； 2. 无人驾驶公交车的优点； 3. 你的观点。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The Driverless Bus ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The Driverless Bus With the rapid development of technology, the driverless bus has appeared in our city. Just as its name shows, the driverless bus is a bus controlled by a computer system instead of a human driver. The driverless bus has many advantages. First, it can reduce the danger of exposing the driver to tired driving. Thus, it is safer than a normal bus driven by a human. Second, it is more punctual because it is controlled by a computer. Third, the cost of hiring a driver is also saved. In my opinion, with so many advantages, the driverless bus will surely become more popular in the near future. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给校英文报写一篇文章，表达对无人驾驶公交车科技的看法，需介绍该科技、解释其优点、分享个人观点。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 表明：show→indicate 优势：advantage→strength, strong point 降低：reduce→lower 在我看来：in my opinion→from my perspective, as far as I am concerned 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With the rapid development of technology, the driverless bus has appeared in our city. 拓展句：As technology rapidly develops, the driverless bus has appeared in our city. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Just as its name shows, the driverless bus is a bus controlled by a computer system instead of a human driver. (运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句、过去分词短语作后置定语) [高分句型2] Second, it is more punctual because it is controlled by a computer. (运用了because引导原因状语从句) 9．（24-25高二上·云南红河·阶段练习）假设你校英语角将开办一次演讲比赛，致敬中国伟大的科学家，请你写一篇英语演讲稿赞颂一位科学家的事迹和精神。要点如下：1. 科学家的事迹； 2. 赞颂科学家精神； 3. 呼吁大家继承和发扬科学家精神。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Honoring Yuan Longping Hello, everyone! Known as “the Father of Hybrid Rice”, the great scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping. He devoted over sixty years to developing hybrid rice, helping to feed billions. Yuan Longping’s hybrid rice significantly improved crop yields, making a crucial impact on global food security. His selflessness and perseverance embody the spirit of dedication and service. He cared little for fame or fortune, focusing instead on improving humanity’s well-being. Despite his global recognition, he remained a modest and hardworking scientist, always passionate about innovation. Let us follow his example, work hard, and contribute to society by embracing the same spirit of innovation and compassion. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇英语演讲稿赞颂一位科学家的事迹和精神。 【详解】1.词汇积累 体现：embody→reflect/demonstrate 影响：impact→influence 重要的：crucial→vital 同情心：compassion→sympathy 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：He devoted over sixty years to developing hybrid rice, helping to feed billions. 拓展句：He devoted over sixty years to developing hybrid rice, which helped to feed billions. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Known as “the Father of Hybrid Rice”, the great scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping. (运用了过去分词作状语) [高分句型2] He devoted over sixty years to developing hybrid rice, helping to feed billions. (运用了动名词作宾语) 10．（24-25高二上·河北邯郸·阶段练习）为了弘扬科学家精神，丰富学校科技艺术节活动内容，请你准备一篇英文演讲稿介绍一位你最尊敬和爱戴的科学家。内容包括： 1. 对该人物的简单介绍； 2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因； 3. 从其身上得到的启示。 注意：写作词数应为 80 左右。 The Scientist I Admire Most ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you! 【答案】The Scientist I Admire Most Good morning, everyone! The scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping, who is known as the “father of hybrid rice”. Even on his last days, he devoted himself to increasing rice production in China and spreading his technology to other countries to feed more people. Meanwhile, he tried out growing new rice in deserts and seas successfully. As Dr. Yuan said, one dream was not enough, which impresses me deeply. From him I have learned the spirit of devotion and exploration. I decide to be a person like him. Thank you! 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生准备一篇英文演讲稿介绍一位最尊敬和爱戴的科学家。 【详解】1.词汇积累 钦佩，仰慕：admire→look up to 奉献：devote→dedicate 同时：meanwhile→at the same time 决定做：decide to do→make up one’s mind to do 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：The scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping, who is known as the “father of hybrid rice”. 拓展句：Known as the “father of hybrid rice”, Yuan Longping is the scientist that I admire most. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The scientist I admire most is Yuan Longping, who is known as the “father of hybrid rice”.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句和省略关系词的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】As Dr. Yuan said, one dream was not enough, which impresses me deeply.（运用了as和which引导的非限制性定语从句） 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$Unit 1 Science and Scientists 单元话题满分范文必背 1.(2425高二上陕西铜川阶段练习)假定你是李华，你的澳大利亚笔友Jeny来信询问你最喜欢的科学 家，请你根据下面的写作提示，给她写一封回信。内容包括： 1.屠呦呦，1930年出生于中国宁波： 2.她长期致力于研究疟疾的治疗方法，因发现青蒿素而荣获2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖： 3.她是第一位获得科学类诺贝尔奖的中国科学家。 注意： 1.词数80左右： 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jenny, Yours, Li Hua 2.(24-25高二上·广西桂林阶段练习)你校正在组织英语作文比赛，请你以“A role model to leamn from”为 题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1.介绍你的榜样的品质及其成就： 2.说明你的榜样对你的影响。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80个左右： 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 A role model to learn from 试卷第1页，共3页 3.(24-25高二上江西赣州阶段练习)假如你是李华，你校英语报最近新开辟了“科学之星一—我最敬佩 的科学家”栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一位你最敬佩的科学工作者。 内容包括：1.人物简介；2.人物主要事迹或成就：3.人物的影响。 注意：1词数80左右；2可以根据所给要点进行适当发挥。 4.(24-25高二上江西·阶段练习)假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Mke对中国科学家的事迹很感兴趣。现 在请你给他写封信与他分享某个科学家的成就或事迹。内容如下： 1写信目的： 2.你的分享内容。 注意：1写作词数应为80个左右： 2请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Mike. Yours, Li Hua 5.(2425高二上江西抚州阶段练习)假定你是李华，你校英语报正在举办“The scientist I admire most"征 文活动。请你用英语写一篇文章投稿，内容包括： 1概述我最做佩的科学家； 2.他/她的杰出事迹： 3我的感想。 试卷第1页，共3页 注意：1词数不少于80字： 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 The scientist I admire most 6.(24-25高二上陕西咸阳阶段练习)假定你是李华，你校正在举办英语主题征文活动，请你写一篇英语 短文，介绍你最敬佩的人。 1.人物简介 2.令人做佩的原因 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 7.(24-25高二上山东济宁阶段练习)用英语写一篇短文：你最仰慕的科学家或伟人。简单介绍他的生平 以及你仰慕他的原因。 注意：1词数80左右：2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 8.(2425高二上河南周口-阶段练习)假定你是李华，你所在的城市引进了无人驾驶公交车。请你给你校 英文报写一篇文章，表达你对这项新科技的看法，内容包括： 1.简要介绍无人驾驶公交车： 试卷第1页，共3页 2.无人驾驶公交车的优点： 3.你的观点。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The Driverless Bus 9.(2425高二上云南红河阶段练习)假设你校英语角将开办一次演讲比赛，致敬中国伟大的科学家，请 你写一篇英语演讲稿赞颂一位科学家的事迹和精神。要点如下：1，科学家的事迹： 2.赞颂科学家精神： 3.呼吁大家继承和发扬科学家精神。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右： 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 10.(2425高二上河北邯郸阶段练习)为了弘扬科学家精神，丰富学校科技艺术节活动内容，请你准备 一篇英文演讲稿介绍一位你最尊敬和爱戴的科学家。内容包括： 1.对该人物的简单介绍： 2.尊做和爱戴的原因： 3.从其身上得到的启示。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 The Scientist I Admire Most 试卷第1页，共3页 That's all.Thank you! 试卷第1页，共3页