必修二 Unit 3 Section II Discovering Useful Structures（导学案)-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年高一英语同步学与练（人教版2019必修第二册）

必修二UNIT 3 The Internet（学案） Section II Discovering Useful Structures 2022年课程标准 学习目标 本单元主题围绕有关互联网的话题展开，互联网给我们的生活、工作和学习带来了巨大的变化，网上购物、点餐、打车、买火车票、飞机票等迅速普及，已成为日常生活场景，极大方便了人们的生产和生活。与此同时，网络信息安全、网络霸凌、网络诈骗等侵害网民人身和财产安全的问题也暴露出来，本单元应引导学生注意：在在尽享网络便利的同时，也要增强防护意识，保护个人隐私和上网安全。       一、语言能力 听 掌握听取生词定义的策略，准确理解听力文本内容。 说 能够在谈话中得体恰当地表达预测、猜想和看法。学习和理解句子重音的规律及其对意义表达的影响，能够在日常交流中利用句子重音的规律，正确理解和表达交际目的和意图。 读 阅读描述个人经历的叙事文本，理解其文体特征和语言特点。 阅读和理解新媒体语篇——博客文章，分析和把握其语言特征。 写 能够写一篇关于网络安全的博客文章。 看 能够关注图片、视频等视觉资源，学会从中获取信息。 二、学习能力 1．了解下定义的语言标记，能够在听的过程中，利用其更好地理解相关重要信息。　 2．了解文章标题的语言特点，能够通过标题预测文本内容 三、文化意识 1．了解网络在日常生活中的应用，以及中国在互联网领域的重要发展。 2．了解互联网给人们带来的便利及问题，了解中外青少年使用互联网的现状，正确合理地使用互联网进行学习及社会交往。 四、思维品质 理解新媒体语篇的语言特征及其在传递信息、交流看法与思想情感方面的特点和优势；初步掌握对博客文章等新媒体语篇所传递信息及作者意图进行梳理分析的能力；结合自身需求和互联网的特点，在学习、生活和社会交往中合理有效地使用互联网，发展批判性思维和创新思维能力。 2022年课程标准 学习目标 本单元主题围绕有关互联网的话题展开，互联网给我们的生活、工作和学习带来了巨大的变化，网上购物、点餐、打车、买火车票、飞机票等迅速普及，已成为日常生活场景，极大方便了人们的生产和生活。与此同时，网络信息安全、网络霸凌、网络诈骗等侵害网民人身和财产安全的问题也暴露出来，本单元应引导学生注意：在在尽享网络便利的同时，也要增强防护意识，保护个人隐私和上网安全。       一、语言能力 听 掌握听取生词定义的策略，准确理解听力文本内容。 说 能够在谈话中得体恰当地表达预测、猜想和看法。学习和理解句子重音的规律及其对意义表达的影响，能够在日常交流中利用句子重音的规律，正确理解和表达交际目的和意图。 读 阅读描述个人经历的叙事文本，理解其文体特征和语言特点。 阅读和理解新媒体语篇——博客文章，分析和把握其语言特征。 写 能够写一篇关于网络安全的博客文章。 看 能够关注图片、视频等视觉资源，学会从中获取信息。 二、学习能力 1．了解下定义的语言标记，能够在听的过程中，利用其更好地理解相关重要信息。　 2．了解文章标题的语言特点，能够通过标题预测文本内容 三、文化意识 1．了解网络在日常生活中的应用，以及中国在互联网领域的重要发展。 2．了解互联网给人们带来的便利及问题，了解中外青少年使用互联网的现状，正确合理地使用互联网进行学习及社会交往。 四、思维品质 理解新媒体语篇的语言特征及其在传递信息、交流看法与思想情感方面的特点和优势；初步掌握对博客文章等新媒体语篇所传递信息及作者意图进行梳理分析的能力；结合自身需求和互联网的特点，在学习、生活和社会交往中合理有效地使用互联网，发展批判性思维和创新思维能力。 读下列例句并感知黑体部分的共性。 1．Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. 2．People’s lives have been changed by online communities and social networks. 3．Many people have been helped by the club. 4．Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. 5．The ink has not been removed from the clothes. 6．Haven’t your problems been solved? 7．How many buildings have been built in your school? 一．语法精讲——现在完成时的被动语态 一、概念 现在完成时表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在。若动作与主语之间构成动宾关系，则用现在完成时的被动语态。 二、基本结构 肯定式 主语＋have/has been done... 否定式 主语＋have/has not been done... 一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？ 特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋ 主语＋been done...？ He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.他已被挑选出来参加运动会。 The construction of the bridge has not been finished.桥的建设还没有完成。 Has the date for the next meeting been decided?下次会议的日期已决定了吗？ How long has the battery not been changed?电池多久没有更换了？ 【牛刀小试】按要求完成下面题目 Li Ping has already been told the good news. ①将上面的句子变为否定句。 Li Ping . ②将上面的句子变为一般疑问句。 Li Ping ? ③将上面的句子对Li Ping进行提问。 ? 三、用法 1．表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响和结果，且这个动作与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系。 I have been told the sports meet will be put off.我已被告知运动会将要被推迟。(结果：现在我已经知道运动会要被推迟) All the preparations for the task have been done，and we’re ready to start.这项任务的一切准备都已就绪，我们准备好要开始了。(影响：我们现已具备开始的条件) 2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始，持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。常与for＋时间段或since＋时间点等时间状语连用，此时，该被动语态的动词应使用延续性动词。 The machine has been repaired for two hours.这台机器已被修了两小时了。(持续：2小时前开始修，现在可能已经修好，也可能没有修好，还要继续修) She hasn’t been heard from since then.从那时候起，她就没来过信。(hear from是非持续性动词短语，用在否定句中后可跟表一段时间的状语) [名师提醒]　常与现在完成时连用的时间状语： already已经yet 已经recently/lately最近 since then 从那时起ever since自那以来 ever 曾经 so far/up to now/till now/until now迄今为止by now到现在为止 in recent years在最近几年里 in/during/over the past/last years在过去的几年里 3．在状语从句中，常用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 I will go home when my homework has been finished.当我的家庭作业已被完成时我就回家。(将来某时处于被完成的状态) 【牛刀小试】用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子 ①They have built many houses in the village in the past few years. → . ②This company has produced new types of computers. → . ③They have interviewed several applicants for the job. → . 四、注意事项 1．现在完成时的被动语态中has/have been不可漏掉。 The plan has been studied by the experts for three times.这个计划已经由专家研究三次了。 The dirty clothes have been washed.脏衣服已经被洗好了。 2．现在完成时的被动语态强调过去发生的事与现在有联系；而一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作只与过去有关，与现在没有关系。 The library has been built.这座图书馆已经建好了。(图书馆可以用了) The library was built last year.这座图书馆是去年建成的。(图书馆现在是否能用是未知的) 3．含有非延续性动词，如：begin，start，buy，borrow，finish等的现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。这些动词的现在完成时的被动语态的否定式则可以与for或since构成的时间状语连用。 The work has been finished for two days.(×) This book has not been borrowed since last week.(√) 4．动词短语用于现在完成时的被动语态时，动词后面的副词或介词不可漏掉或省略。 The injured bird has been looked after since it was saved.(after不可漏掉)受伤的小鸟被救后一直被照看着。 【牛刀小试】根据语境用适当的谓语形式填空 ①The work (finish) two weeks ago. ②Many man－made satellites (send) up into space so far. ③How many cars (make) in the factory since last year? ④It’s the first time that the old computer (check) since I bought it. Ⅰ.用所给动词的正确形式填空 1．It’s said that a new software (develop)．It will soon be on sale. 2．Since 1958，they (recognise) as the national theatre of Israel. 3．Our classroom (clean)．You needn’t clean it now. 4．How many cars (stick) since the accident happened? 5．Three new schools (open) in our city in the past five years. 6．The flowers in the garden (water) by Mr.Li already. 7．Customers are asked to make sure that they (give) the right change before leaving the shop. 8．It’s said that the bridge (close) for repairs for months. Ⅱ.单句写作(用现在完成时的被动语态完成下列各题) 1．We are glad to hear that Li Tao ． 听说李涛已被复旦大学录取我们很高兴。 2．When and where to go on holiday ． 何时何地去度假还没定下来。 3． for over one thousand years. 纸币已经在世界上存在了1 000多年了。 4． by air，noise and water. 人们的健康已经受到空气、噪音和水的极大影响。 5．公司最近给了他一个去海外工作的机会。 →He by the company. →A by the company. Ⅲ.用所给词的正确时态、语态填空 Li Ming：Hi，Lin Tao.How nice to see you on the first day of the new term! Lin Tao：Yes.Nice to see you again. Li Ming：I know that your parents 1. (work) in Yushu for years.Can you tell me something there after the earthquake? Lin Tao：Of course.Since the earthquake 2.happened (happen)，many soldiers 3. (send) there，and many kinds of supplies(物资供应) 4. (carry) there from all over the country.Now，most people there 5. (live) a happy life again. Li Ming：How about the schools there? Lin Tao：Several new schools 6. (set) up and also some schools which 7. (damage) in the earthquake 8. (rebuild)．So all the students can go back to school to study now. Li Ming：That’s wonderful.I’m sure their life will be better and better.When will your parents come back? Lin Tao：They will be back next month. 【总结感悟】-构建知识体系 1．Researchers have discovered the health benefits of jogging; reducing stress, lowering blood (press) and putting people in a better mood. （所给词的适当形式填空） 2．Because of the tough environment, they were pressed (quit) the original plan for reaching the peak. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3． has been confirmed that the methods are of great practical value to teachers. （用适当的词填空） 4．Every means (be) tried up to now, but we still can’t come up with a good way to handle the current dilemma. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5．—Do you need any help? —No, thanks. We (offer) a lot of support since last year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．So far, every possible means (try) to prevent the air pollution. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7．Tom as well as two of his colleagues (fire) up to now. 8．It is known to us all that Shakespeare (recognise) as one of the greatest playwrights so far. 9．Up till now, this practice________ (use) for treating patients. （所给词的适当形式填空） 10．So far, he (promote) to general manager. (所给词的适当形式填空) 11．It is not the first time that he (investigate) by the police for cheating. (所给词的适当形式填空) 12．These concerns (resolve) in the past three days. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．All telephone reservations must (confirm) in writing . （所给词的适当形式填空） 14．He (press) the emergency stop button to halt the machinery. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．The celebrity (confirm) the news about their new project on social media. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16．The new features (add) to the app to enhance user experience. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17．The bug (fix) in the latest update to prevent crashes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 18．A lot of misinformation (spread) on this platform recently. (所给词的适当形式填空) 19．The app (download) millions of times since its launch. (所给词的适当形式填空) 20．His novel (translate) into English recently. 21．Dangal is one of the most wonderful movies that (produce) in Bollywood. 22．Large amounts of money (be) spent on the bridge in the last few years. 23．It is reported that many houses (destroy) by the terrible earthquake so far. 24．Great changes (take place)in my hometown and you can see a lot of factories (set up). (所给词的适当形式填空) 用 confirm 的适当形式填空 25．I’m still waiting for of the test results. 26．It’s that the company has been accused by a customer. ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 必修二UNIT 3 The Internet（学案） Section II Discovering Useful Structures 2022年课程标准 学习目标 本单元主题围绕有关互联网的话题展开，互联网给我们的生活、工作和学习带来了巨大的变化，网上购物、点餐、打车、买火车票、飞机票等迅速普及，已成为日常生活场景，极大方便了人们的生产和生活。与此同时，网络信息安全、网络霸凌、网络诈骗等侵害网民人身和财产安全的问题也暴露出来，本单元应引导学生注意：在在尽享网络便利的同时，也要增强防护意识，保护个人隐私和上网安全。       一、语言能力 听 掌握听取生词定义的策略，准确理解听力文本内容。 说 能够在谈话中得体恰当地表达预测、猜想和看法。学习和理解句子重音的规律及其对意义表达的影响，能够在日常交流中利用句子重音的规律，正确理解和表达交际目的和意图。 读 阅读描述个人经历的叙事文本，理解其文体特征和语言特点。 阅读和理解新媒体语篇——博客文章，分析和把握其语言特征。 写 能够写一篇关于网络安全的博客文章。 看 能够关注图片、视频等视觉资源，学会从中获取信息。 二、学习能力 1．了解下定义的语言标记，能够在听的过程中，利用其更好地理解相关重要信息。　 2．了解文章标题的语言特点，能够通过标题预测文本内容 三、文化意识 1．了解网络在日常生活中的应用，以及中国在互联网领域的重要发展。 2．了解互联网给人们带来的便利及问题，了解中外青少年使用互联网的现状，正确合理地使用互联网进行学习及社会交往。 四、思维品质 理解新媒体语篇的语言特征及其在传递信息、交流看法与思想情感方面的特点和优势；初步掌握对博客文章等新媒体语篇所传递信息及作者意图进行梳理分析的能力；结合自身需求和互联网的特点，在学习、生活和社会交往中合理有效地使用互联网，发展批判性思维和创新思维能力。 2022年课程标准 学习目标 本单元主题围绕有关互联网的话题展开，互联网给我们的生活、工作和学习带来了巨大的变化，网上购物、点餐、打车、买火车票、飞机票等迅速普及，已成为日常生活场景，极大方便了人们的生产和生活。与此同时，网络信息安全、网络霸凌、网络诈骗等侵害网民人身和财产安全的问题也暴露出来，本单元应引导学生注意：在在尽享网络便利的同时，也要增强防护意识，保护个人隐私和上网安全。       一、语言能力 听 掌握听取生词定义的策略，准确理解听力文本内容。 说 能够在谈话中得体恰当地表达预测、猜想和看法。学习和理解句子重音的规律及其对意义表达的影响，能够在日常交流中利用句子重音的规律，正确理解和表达交际目的和意图。 读 阅读描述个人经历的叙事文本，理解其文体特征和语言特点。 阅读和理解新媒体语篇——博客文章，分析和把握其语言特征。 写 能够写一篇关于网络安全的博客文章。 看 能够关注图片、视频等视觉资源，学会从中获取信息。 二、学习能力 1．了解下定义的语言标记，能够在听的过程中，利用其更好地理解相关重要信息。　 2．了解文章标题的语言特点，能够通过标题预测文本内容 三、文化意识 1．了解网络在日常生活中的应用，以及中国在互联网领域的重要发展。 2．了解互联网给人们带来的便利及问题，了解中外青少年使用互联网的现状，正确合理地使用互联网进行学习及社会交往。 四、思维品质 理解新媒体语篇的语言特征及其在传递信息、交流看法与思想情感方面的特点和优势；初步掌握对博客文章等新媒体语篇所传递信息及作者意图进行梳理分析的能力；结合自身需求和互联网的特点，在学习、生活和社会交往中合理有效地使用互联网，发展批判性思维和创新思维能力。 读下列例句并感知黑体部分的共性。 1．Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. 2．People’s lives have been changed by online communities and social networks. 3．Many people have been helped by the club. 4．Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. 5．The ink has not been removed from the clothes. 6．Haven’t your problems been solved? 7．How many buildings have been built in your school? 一．语法精讲——现在完成时的被动语态 一、概念 现在完成时表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在。若动作与主语之间构成动宾关系，则用现在完成时的被动语态。 二、基本结构 肯定式 主语＋have/has been done... 否定式 主语＋have/has not been done... 一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？ 特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋ 主语＋been done...？ He has been selected to take part in the sports meeting.他已被挑选出来参加运动会。 The construction of the bridge has not been finished.桥的建设还没有完成。 Has the date for the next meeting been decided?下次会议的日期已决定了吗？ How long has the battery not been changed?电池多久没有更换了？ 【牛刀小试】按要求完成下面题目 Li Ping has already been told the good news. ①将上面的句子变为否定句。 Li Ping hasn’t been told the good news yet. ②将上面的句子变为一般疑问句。 Has Li Ping been told the good news yet? ③将上面的句子对Li Ping进行提问。 Who has been told the good news yet? 三、用法 1．表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响和结果，且这个动作与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系。 I have been told the sports meet will be put off.我已被告知运动会将要被推迟。(结果：现在我已经知道运动会要被推迟) All the preparations for the task have been done，and we’re ready to start.这项任务的一切准备都已就绪，我们准备好要开始了。(影响：我们现已具备开始的条件) 2．表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始，持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去。常与for＋时间段或since＋时间点等时间状语连用，此时，该被动语态的动词应使用延续性动词。 The machine has been repaired for two hours.这台机器已被修了两小时了。(持续：2小时前开始修，现在可能已经修好，也可能没有修好，还要继续修) She hasn’t been heard from since then.从那时候起，她就没来过信。(hear from是非持续性动词短语，用在否定句中后可跟表一段时间的状语) [名师提醒]　常与现在完成时连用的时间状语： already已经yet 已经recently/lately最近 since then 从那时起ever since自那以来 ever 曾经 so far/up to now/till now/until now迄今为止by now到现在为止 in recent years在最近几年里 in/during/over the past/last years在过去的几年里 3．在状语从句中，常用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。 I will go home when my homework has been finished.当我的家庭作业已被完成时我就回家。(将来某时处于被完成的状态) 【牛刀小试】用现在完成时的被动语态改写句子 ①They have built many houses in the village in the past few years. →Many houses have been built in the village in the past_few_years. ②This company has produced new types of computers. →New types of computers have been produced by this company. ③They have interviewed several applicants for the job. →Several applicants for the job have been interviewed. 四、注意事项 1．现在完成时的被动语态中has/have been不可漏掉。 The plan has been studied by the experts for three times.这个计划已经由专家研究三次了。 The dirty clothes have been washed.脏衣服已经被洗好了。 2．现在完成时的被动语态强调过去发生的事与现在有联系；而一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作只与过去有关，与现在没有关系。 The library has been built.这座图书馆已经建好了。(图书馆可以用了) The library was built last year.这座图书馆是去年建成的。(图书馆现在是否能用是未知的) 3．含有非延续性动词，如：begin，start，buy，borrow，finish等的现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。这些动词的现在完成时的被动语态的否定式则可以与for或since构成的时间状语连用。 The work has been finished for two days.(×) This book has not been borrowed since last week.(√) 4．动词短语用于现在完成时的被动语态时，动词后面的副词或介词不可漏掉或省略。 The injured bird has been looked after since it was saved.(after不可漏掉)受伤的小鸟被救后一直被照看着。 【牛刀小试】根据语境用适当的谓语形式填空 ①The work was finished (finish) two weeks ago. ②Many man－made satellites have been sent (send) up into space so far. ③How many cars have been made (make) in the factory since last year? ④It’s the first time that the old computer has been checked (check) since I bought it. Ⅰ.用所给动词的正确形式填空 1．It’s said that a new software has been developed (develop)．It will soon be on sale. 2．Since 1958，they have been recognised (recognise) as the national theatre of Israel. 3．Our classroom has been cleaned (clean)．You needn’t clean it now. 4．How many cars have been stuck (stick) since the accident happened? 5．Three new schools have been opened (open) in our city in the past five years. 6．The flowers in the garden have been watered (water) by Mr.Li already. 7．Customers are asked to make sure that they have been given (give) the right change before leaving the shop. 8．It’s said that the bridge has been closed (close) for repairs for months. Ⅱ.单句写作(用现在完成时的被动语态完成下列各题) 1．We are glad to hear that Li Tao has been admitted to/into Fudan University． 听说李涛已被复旦大学录取我们很高兴。 2．When and where to go on holiday has not been decided yet． 何时何地去度假还没定下来。 3．Paper money has existed in the world for over one thousand years. 纸币已经在世界上存在了1 000多年了。 4．People’s health has been greatly affected by air，noise and water. 人们的健康已经受到空气、噪音和水的极大影响。 5．公司最近给了他一个去海外工作的机会。 →He has been given a chance to work abroad recently by the company. →A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently by the company. Ⅲ.用所给词的正确时态、语态填空 Li Ming：Hi，Lin Tao.How nice to see you on the first day of the new term! Lin Tao：Yes.Nice to see you again. Li Ming：I know that your parents 1.have been working (work) in Yushu for years.Can you tell me something there after the earthquake? Lin Tao：Of course.Since the earthquake 2.happened (happen)，many soldiers 3.have been sent (send) there，and many kinds of supplies(物资供应) 4.have been carried (carry) there from all over the country.Now，most people there 5.live/are living (live) a happy life again. Li Ming：How about the schools there? Lin Tao：Several new schools 6.have been set (set) up and also some schools which 7.were damaged (damage) in the earthquake 8.have been rebuilt (rebuild)．So all the students can go back to school to study now. Li Ming：That’s wonderful.I’m sure their life will be better and better.When will your parents come back? Lin Tao：They will be back next month. 【总结感悟】-构建知识体系 一、语法填空 1．Researchers have discovered the health benefits of jogging; reducing stress, lowering blood (press) and putting people in a better mood. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】pressure 【详解】考查名词。句意：研究人员发现慢跑对健康有益；减轻压力，降低血压，让人们心情更好。此空应填名词作宾语，pressure，表“压力”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填pressure。 2．Because of the tough environment, they were pressed (quit) the original plan for reaching the peak. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to quit 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于环境恶劣，他们被迫放弃了到达山顶的原计划。固定搭配be pressed to do sth.表示“被迫做某事”，其中不定式作主语补足语。故填to quit。 3． has been confirmed that the methods are of great practical value to teachers. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】It 【详解】考查it用法。句意：实践证明，这些方法对教师具有很大的实用价值。分析句子可知，这里考查it is confirmed that，表“据证实”，为固定句型，其中it为形式主语，that后为主语从句，且句首时首字母应大写。故填It。 4．Every means (be) tried up to now, but we still can’t come up with a good way to handle the current dilemma. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，各种方法都试过了，但我们仍没能想出一个好方法来应对目前这个进退两难的局面。up to now提示，此处表示过去发生的动作产生的结果，着眼点在现在，故空处应用现在完成时；主语means和动词try之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态，means为单复数同形的名词，由限定词Every可知此处的means为单数形式，故助动词用has。故填has been 。 5．—Do you need any help? —No, thanks. We (offer) a lot of support since last year. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been offered 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：——你需要帮助吗？——不，谢谢。从去年开始，我们已经得到了很多支持。根据时间状语“since last year”可知，本句应该使用现在完成时。现在完成时的构成是“have/has +过去分词”。另外，主语We与动词offer之间是被动关系，因此应该使用被动语态。现在完成时的被动语态构成为“have/has been +过去分词”。主语We是复数，因此助动词用have。故填have been offered。 6．So far, every possible means (try) to prevent the air pollution. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been tried 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，人们已经尝试了一切可能的方法来防止空气污染。根据时间状语So far可知，用现在完成时。主语every possible means为单数形式，与try之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填has been tried。 7．Tom as well as two of his colleagues (fire) up to now. 【答案】has been fired 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，汤姆和他的两个同事已经被开除了。由up to now判断为现在完成时，as well as“和……”有就远原则，故主语只看Tom，他和fire之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语Tom是第三人称单数，故填has been fired。 8．It is known to us all that Shakespeare (recognise) as one of the greatest playwrights so far. 【答案】has been recognised 【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：众所周知，莎士比亚被认为是迄今为止最伟大的剧作家之一。根据so far可知此处要用现在完成时，且主语是Shakespeare，与recognise之间是动宾关系，因此要用被动语态。故填has been recognised。 9．Up till now, this practice________ (use) for treating patients. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】has been used 【详解】考查动词语态、主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这种实践已经被用于治疗病人。根据Up till now可知，use表示“使用”，这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子应用现在完成时，且this practice与use为被动关系，句子用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been used。 10．So far, he (promote) to general manager. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been promoted 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，他已被提升为总经理。由So far可知，句子时态是现在完成时，他是被提升为总经理，句子用现在完成时的被动语态，主语he是单数，因此空格处是has been promoted。故填has been promoted。 11．It is not the first time that he (investigate) by the police for cheating. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been investigated 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这已经不是他第一次因行骗而被警方调查了。从句主语he与谓语构成被动关系，此处为句型it is the first time that+现在完成时，故用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been investigated。 12．These concerns (resolve) in the past three days. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been resolved 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这些问题在过去三天里已经解决了。根据时间状语in the past three days可知，谓语动词resolve用现在完成时，主语these concerns和resolve之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，主语表示复数意义，注意主谓一致。故填have been resolved。 13．All telephone reservations must (confirm) in writing . （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】be confirmed 【详解】考查语态。句意：所有电话预订必须以书面形式确认。主语All telephone reservations 与confirm之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词must后接动词原形。根据句意，故填be confirmed。 14．He (press) the emergency stop button to halt the machinery. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】pressed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他按下紧急停止按钮使机器停止运转。本句缺少谓语，所以press作本句谓语，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时。故填pressed。 15．The celebrity (confirm) the news about their new project on social media. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】confirmed 【详解】考查时态。句意：这位名人在社交媒体上证实了他们新项目的消息。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，主语The celebrity与confirm为主动关系，且由句意可知，这里时态应用一般过去时表示过去情况。故填confirmed。 16．The new features (add) to the app to enhance user experience. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have been added 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：新功能被添加到应用程序中，以增强用户体验。主语features与谓语构成被动关系，结合语境可知表示过去发生的动作对现在产生影响用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been added。 17．The bug (fix) in the latest update to prevent crashes. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been fixed 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：该错误已在最新更新中修复，以防止崩溃。这里考查谓语动词，主语The bug与fix为被动关系，再由in the latest update可知，这里时态应用现在完成时。故填has been fixed。 18．A lot of misinformation (spread) on this platform recently. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been spread 【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：最近在这个平台上散布了很多错误信息。分析句子可知，句中的时间状语是recently，句子应用现在完成时态，主语misinformation是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式，且misinformation与spread之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。故填has been spread。 19．The app (download) millions of times since its launch. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been downloaded 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这款应用自发布以来已经被下载了数百万次。主语app与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文since its launch可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been downloaded。 20．His novel (translate) into English recently. 【答案】has been translated 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：他的小说最近被翻译成英语。根据recently得知用现在完成时，小说和翻译是被动关系，故填has been translated。 21．Dangal is one of the most wonderful movies that (produce) in Bollywood. 【答案】have been produced 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：《摔跤吧！爸爸》是宝莱坞制作的最精彩的电影之一。that引导的是定语从句，指代先行词the most wonderful movies，所以谓语用复数形式。根据主句中的is和句意可知，这里表示已完成的动作，用现在完成时。且主句和produce之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，故填have been produced。 22．Large amounts of money (be) spent on the bridge in the last few years. 【答案】have been 【详解】根据in the last few years可知句子用现在完成时态；Large amounts of修饰不可数名词，所以后面的谓语动词和amount的单、复数保持一致，此处是amounts，复数形式，故答案为have been。 【名师点睛】insist + that引导的宾语从句 1）如果insist翻译为“坚持说某个事实”,即that从句表示已经发生的动作时,则宾语从句使用陈述语气,即从句该用什么时态就用什么时态,当然还要和主句时态保持呼应.如：She insisted that she was right./She insisted (that) she had been to Beijing the year before. 2）如果insist翻译为“坚持要求/坚持主张”,即that从句的动作当时尚未发生的话,则宾语从句必须使用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词由“should + 动词原形”构成,且should可以省略. 如：He insisted that she (should) say sorry to him frist. 23．It is reported that many houses (destroy) by the terrible earthquake so far. 【答案】have been destroyed 【详解】句意：据报道，到目前为止，很多房屋被可怕的地震摧毁。so far表明用现在完成时，houses 与destroy之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，故填have been destroyed。 24．Great changes (take place)in my hometown and you can see a lot of factories (set up). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 have taken place have been set up 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。你可以看到许多工厂被建立起来。第一句描述的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时。主语Great changes是复数形式，且take place是不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，所以填have taken place。  第二个空所在的句子描述的是过去发生并持续到现在的动作，同样应用现在完成时。此外，set up与主语a lot of factories之间存在被动关系，因此使用现在完成时的被动语态。主语是复数，助动词用have，故填have been set up。故填have taken place；have been set up。 用 confirm 的适当形式填空 25．I’m still waiting for of the test results. 26．It’s that the company has been accused by a customer. 【答案】25．confirmation 26．confirmed 【解析】25．考查名词。句意：我仍在等待测试结果的确认。介词for后接名词作宾语，空处应填名词，表示“确认”，故填confirmation。 26．考查动词的过去分词。句意：公司被客户指控的消息已经得到证实。主语It与空处为被动关系，空处应填动词的过去分词形式表示被动，意为“被证实”，句子使用了“it’s+过去分词+that从句”结构，其中it作形式主语，that从句是真正的主语从句。故填confirmed。 ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$